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History of the American Negro in
the Great World War: His Splendid
Record in the Battle Zones of Europe
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Description
Leading up to and during World War I, African Americans faced
discrimination and oppression in the US due to lingering effects of
slavery as well as present-day segregation and discrimination codified
under Jim Crow laws. Still, over 20,000 African Americans enlisted in
the military after the US declared war, and more than 700,000 registered
for military service.William Allison Sweeney explores this dynamic and
more in the "History of the American Negro in the Great War". Throughout
the book, Sweeney emphasizes the resilience and determination of African
Americans in the face of discrimination and hardship. He also highlights
the ways in which their participation in the war helped to pave the way
for greater civil rights and opportunities in the years that
followed.Notably, while many African Americans volunteered for the war
effort, they were only able to serve in menial roles in the Navy and
were barred from the Marines. The Army was the only branch that
permitted African Americans to serve in all branches except aviation
units. The government made no provision for military training of black
officers and soon created segregated training camps for that purpose.
Despite this, over 600 black officers were commissioned at the
segregated Fort Des Moines in Iowa. To that end, African-American
soldiers provided much support overseas to the European Allies and were
the first to arrive in France in 1917. In 1918, the 369th United States
Infantry, a regiment of African-American combat troops, arrived to help
the French Army and earned the nickname "Harlem Hell Fighters" for their
bravery.Importantly, Sweeney provides historical context and a brief
history of the service of African Americans in the Revolutionary War,
Civil War, Indians Wars, the Spanish-American War, and the War With
Mexico – outlining shocking trends and insights that should not be lost
to history.Despite discrimination, African Americans were determined to
show their patriotism and fight for their country. Sweeney’s landmark
work is a critical in underscoring the contributions that African
Americans made to the eventual victory of World War I and is a must read
for any lover of American History.About the Author: William Allison
Sweeney (1891-1960) was an American journalist and author, best known
for his work as a foreign correspondent during World War I and World War
II. In 1917, Sweeney became a correspondent for the United Press
International (UPI) and was sent to cover the war in Europe. He reported
from France, Italy, and other countries, and his articles were widely
read and praised for their vivid descriptions and insightful
analysis.After the war, Sweeney continued to work as a journalist,
covering political and economic events in Europe and the Middle East. He
also wrote several books, including "The Illusion of Neutrality" (1922),
"The Economic Consequences of the Peace" (1922), and "The Balkan Powder
Keg" (1930). During World War II, Sweeney served as a war correspondent
for the U.S. Army, reporting from North Africa, Italy, and other
theaters of the war. He was awarded the Bronze Star for his service.
Sweeney was known for his sharp intelligence, his deep knowledge of
European politics and culture, and his ability to explain complex issues
in clear and concise language.