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Ai, inZet door Test condition: charcoal 400 gm. water 3,700 gm. pot diameter = 24 cm. Table 5.15 Test result of the effect of air inlet door on HU and time to boil. Stove No. No. of tests Exhausted gap Air Inlet opening Time to boil HU (cm) (%) (sq cm) (min) (%) 1/5 18 1 100 66.0 21.0 30.5 Results and Discussion 8 75 49.5 24.9 29.6 7 50 33.0 22.1 29.8 7 25 16.5 22.6 30.9 The effect of air inlet door area is small. The air inlet varies from 100% opening down to 25%, the HU value only differs by 1.3%. See Fig. 5.11. Since the amount of air flow through the stove combustion chamber is governed by the temperature gradient Detween the air inlet door and the exhausted gap, if the inlet opening gets smaller, by the equation of continuity, i.e., Qair = AVi - A2V2 = constant, the velocity of the inlet air will be increased. Hence, the combustion rate will not be affected by the supply of oxygen in the air. This is why the HU value of Fig. 5.11 is constant. The time to boil, however, shows the tendency of increasing as the air inlet area is decreased. Grate thickness Test condition: charcoal = 400 gm. water = 3,700 gm. pot diameter = 24 cm. 110
# 1/28 34 20 32 - HU 19 /./"A -.- TTB 30 A18 . g 0 28 /1 / 26 / o-"2/28 16 24 1000 1500 I 2000 I 2500 I 3000 I 3500 4000 4500 15 5000 3 Combustion chamber volume, cm Fig. 5.10 The effect of combustion chamber volume on the stove efficiency and time to boil of three different stoves tested. 111
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Forest Products Research Division R
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express
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CONTENTS (continued) C. Test for th
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Energy for househ
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CONCLUSIONS As a result of the impl
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RECOMMENDATIONS On the basis of the
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LIST OF TABLES Table Title Page 4.1
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LIST OF TABLES (continued) Table Ti
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LIST OF FIGURES (continued) Figure
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A total surface area, sq cm A e A g
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T temperature of water at start of
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INTRODUCTION This publication prese
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History of Thai Cooking Stoves In T
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quantity of sensible heat escapes.
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3. To make necessary improvements i
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Stove Promotion 1. Introduce develo
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE Biomass cookin
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The stove is recommended for a medi
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When charcoal is used as fuel, a gr
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is that the first will give the hea
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" The percentage of CO is less than
Page 43 and 44: D. CONCLUSION In the above review o
Page 45 and 46: PLAN AND DESIGN OF THE PROJECT The
Page 47 and 48: G. PRODUCTION OF DEVELOPED STOVES S
Page 49 and 50: EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDU
Page 51 and 52: Standard Testing Conditions All the
Page 53 and 54: The variation of one of the above c
Page 55 and 56: * Initial weight of charcoal; e Ini
Page 57 and 58: Stove Preparation for the Internal
Page 59 and 60: H. TEST FOR THE EFFECT OF INTERNAL
Page 61 and 62: Nwnber of air inlet holes The Meech
Page 63 and 64: ANALYSIS OF RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Page 65 and 66: Table 5.1 (continued) Code Name/sou
Page 67 and 68: Table 5.2 (continued) Code Name/sou
Page 69 and 70: there is a gap through which the ri
Page 71 and 72: Table 5.5 Physical dimensions of ri
Page 73 and 74: Table 5.6 (continued) Stove No. of
Page 75 and 76: dP 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23
Page 77 and 78: Wood Stove without Chimney 25 wood
Page 79 and 80: o 0 0 E-4 2. 21- 26 19- 15 13
Page 81 and 82: Table 5.8 Average testing results o
Page 83 and 84: 95 to 47 cm 2 ). The same result wa
Page 85 and 86: 22 21 20 19 LB 17 16 15 14 13 12 11
Page 87 and 88: Internal Variables The internal var
Page 89 and 90: 36 34 -. 319 13 1/5 .TTB 32 - 1/31
Page 91 and 92: Grate-to-pot distance Test conditio
Page 93: 32 31 30 29 28- 27 5 Fig. 5.9 / / /
Page 97 and 98: Table 5.16 Test result of the effec
Page 99 and 100: Results and Discussion The bucket s
Page 101 and 102: Results and Discussion In this expe
Page 103 and 104: Results and Discussion The effect o
Page 105 and 106: the grate, is superior to others an
Page 107 and 108: a very high vapor pressure of the b
Page 109 and 110: Fig. 5.14 The effect of exhausted g
Page 111 and 112: Results and Discussion The effect o
Page 113 and 114: Fig. 5.15 The effect of grate-to-po
Page 115 and 116: The drop in HU with a faster firewo
Page 117 and 118: THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CHARCOA
Page 119 and 120: Fig. 6.1 Structure of the ideal Bio
Page 121 and 122: To simplify the modelling, the foll
Page 123 and 124: Qcomb , a*Aq in which a* is the pro
Page 125 and 126: Qsens + khfg ( t2 aA AH t 2 l ) - t
Page 127 and 128: % I' i I 1i1 - I I / , :I' '1 k- 'p
Page 129 and 130: 150 100 50 4+ w + + + + +e + 0 5b
Page 131 and 132: With the relationships in Eq,(33) t
Page 133 and 134: 6. 5. X X O-4 4. V.x O 4 3. 2 1
Page 135 and 136: 40- 16 100- m I 30 12 55 -- /0 0 8
Page 137 and 138: Curve t 1 shows the change of time
Page 139 and 140: 50 50 _ 40 40 - 30 *d30 0 30- '\%
Page 141 and 142: these losses is relatively constant
Page 143 and 144: 16 40-50 E30/20"-\ 40 14-220 t I
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Although the present model is based
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STOVE MODELS DEVELOPED This chapter
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Pot Diameter -2.4 cm. 4-28 cm. .Lif
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000 0000 000 C 00o 0 0 0 L -- -24 P
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B. IMPROVED CHARCOAL STOVE MODEL RF
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From Table 7.2 the heat utilization
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(a) Figure 7.7 Improved charcoal st
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From the above Table, the heat util
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Figure 7.9 Improved nonchimneyed wo
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a) Stove weight 7.9 kg. b) Stove he
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surface should be tried, particular
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k) Average insulation thickness 1.2
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Chapter 8 Improved Stove Designs an
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clay during forming. Table 8.1 show
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Using the internal mold in cooperat
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\Ix FL 1 '1-, 4LI7I7f-4771 * . -- S
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41 . .. 1Iihrn:tR,-', - K,, --gnu4
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Figure 8.7 Disassembling of the int
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35-40 MM Figure 8.9 Grate hole desi
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20 Figure 8.10 100-ton Hydraulic Au
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IMPROVED STOVE PROMOTION Laboratory
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6. Improved produntion of charcoal
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Table 9.1 Comparison test for effic
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2 Representatives from the Forestry
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3 Field officers from the Forest Nu
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The results of the comparison betwe
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Figure 9.1 Introduction of develope
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Chapter 10 Conclusions
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commercial ones. In addition, the a
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RECOMMENDATIONS On the basis of the
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ANNEX I Commercial Charcoal Bucket
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m J Jt(AIl ~~~~~7 - ,': W. . .. .-
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~-iII -mm MT 5 11nT.I Stove No. 1/5
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1 /6 .......... AL . 6ir#rfv .7 Sto
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1/8 ,%, .,;,M-_ Stove No. 1/ 252 Na
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1/10jrf i,~ -m • -W 7 Stove No. 1
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A Stove No. 1/12 Name Booppararm Po
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258 Stove No. 1/14 Name Booppararm
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260 11M Stove NO. 1/16 Name Ayudthy
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262 W.1 Stove No. 1/18 Name Cholbur
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4 0 4.4 1, V fe 14Stove No. 1/20 26
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266 Stove No. 1/22 Name Barnponge P
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A Name Cholburi 268 Stove No. 1/24
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i % I' g b ", -Grate: S' :: i"Fu
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272 Stove No. 1/29 Name Sa Sua, mod
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01. rr 274 Stove No. 1/31 Name nako
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:%: 'S tove No. 1/33 P, Name Nakorn
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I Stove No. 1/35 'Name Bang Sue 278
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37mm I- -iQj il O .0 280 " 280 Stov
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1/39 .... ,Stove No. 1/39 *cm -,,.
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Stove No. 2/1 Name Roi-et (Original
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n n " 21,.3 1 r;.: i ii .. . -... S
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Stove No. 2/5 Name Morn Pakred, Pot
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Stove N''. 2/7 Name Morn Pakied, la
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Stove No. 2/9 Name Horse shoe, Pou
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Stove No. 2/13 Name Dome, clay Pot
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12/222 l-j~lbS Stove No. 2/22 211,
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IA *:!2/24 irnitzrn Stove No. 2/24
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.L ,Stove No. 2/11 Name Saengpen, N
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7." 305 • Stove No. 2/15 Name Ban
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309 VC,' Stove No. 3/2 Name Ngo Gew
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Stove No. 3/4B Name Thai Charoen Po
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(o5 ~Flue % Stove No. 3/6 Name Saya
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ANNEX V List of Staff for Stove Imp
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REFERENCES '', "1"'":'J':" '. 'IIi
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Joseph, S., Shanahan, Y., Trussell,
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