Member Country Report of THAILAND - CCOP

48 th CCOP Annual Session 

4-8 November 2012 

Langkawi, Malaysia 

COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES 

IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 

Member Country Report 

of THAILAND 

Submitted by 

Thailand Delegation 

(For Agenda Item 3) 

CCOP-48AS/3-14

ANNUAL MEMBER COUNTRY REPORT 

Country: THAILAND Period: 1 July 2010 – 30 June 2011 

1. MINERAL PROGRAMME 

GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR 

The Royal Thai Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) has a role in preservation, 

conservation and rehabilitation of natural resources and the environment in Thailand. The 

DMR is also responsible for supervising mineral exploration and production. 

For fiscal year 2011 

COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES 

IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) 

CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand 

Tel: +66 (0) 2644 5468, Fax: +66 (0) 2644 5429, E-mail: ccopts@ccop.or.th, Website: www.ccop.or.th 

1.1. Summary 

During the reporting period (fiscal year 2011), the DMR has carried out two 

technical projects which are the “Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Resources” and 

“Mineral Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Zoning” 

1.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities 

1.2.1 Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Resources 

1.2.1.1 Regional mineral exploration and assessment 

1.2.1.2 Detailed mineral exploration and assessment 

The regional mineral exploration and assessment project aims to /build a database and 

assess mineral resource potential areas. The project working areas are in the north eastern 

part of Thailand (2/2554 Loei province) and the the northern part of Thailand (1/2554 

Nakhon Sawan and Kampangpet provinces) (Figure 1). It was implemented by 

subcontracting private exploration companies under the supervision of the DMR. 

Detailed mineral exploration and assessment is carried out by the Bureau of Mineral 

Resources (BMR), DMR. The objective is to assess mineral deposit areas and mineral 

reserves. The project working areas are: 1) Kampangpet province (fluorite); 2) Kanchanaburi 

and Petchaburi province (Tin) and 3) Lampang and Chiang Rai provinces (kaolinite) (Figure 1). 

1.2.2 Mineral Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Zoning 

This project was managed by the BMR with Chulalongkorn University to perform 

Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA). The objectives of this project are mineral 

zoning, mineral reserves and mineral resources management. The project working area is Ban 

Kreang Kawiya, Tipuye village, Tong Pha Phum district, Kanchanaburi province (Figure 1). 

The exploration target is a Pb-Zn deposit covering 0.24 square kilometers and the mineral 

reserves are 125,848 metric ton. 

CCOP Member Country Report: THAILAND 1

Figure 1. The project working areas in fiscal year 2011 (Nakhon Sawan, 

Kampangpet, Loei, Lampang, Chiang Rai, Petchaburi and 

Kanchanaburi provinces) 

2 CCOP Member Country Report: THAILAND


1.1 Summary 

During the reporting period (fiscal year 2012), DMR has carried out two technical 

projects which are the “Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Resources” and “Mineral 

Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Zoning” 

1.2 Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities 

1.2.1 Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Resources 

The Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Resources Project can be divided into 

two sub-projects including the regional mineral exploration and assessment (“Ngao” and 

“Danchang” areas) and the detailed mineral exploration and assessment (Tin and Rare-earth 

elements). 

1.2.1.1 Regional mineral exploration and assessment 

The regional mineral exploration and assessment project aims to /build a database and 

assess mineral resource potential areas. The project working areas are “Ngao” and 

“Danchang” areas. 

Ngao area covers 3,600 square kilometers in the northern part of Thailand. It is 

covering parts of Lampang, Payao, Phare and Nan provinces (Figure 1). The obtained result 

is recognition identification five mineral potential areas, including POT-1 (Pb-Zn-Cu), POT-2 

(Sb-Cu), POT-3 (Sb), POT-4 (Ba), and POT-5 (Sb-Ba) (Figure 2). 

Danchang area covering parts of Supanburi, Kanchanaburi and Uthaitani provinces. 

The result is two mineral potential areas of Tin, Tungsten and heavy minerals (Figure 3). 

1.2.1.2 Detailed mineral exploration and assessment 

The detailed mineral exploration and assessment objective is to assess a high mineral 

potential area for defining a mineralization zone (or ore body) and estimating mineral 

resources/reserves. The project emphasis is on tin and rare-earth elements (REE). The 

working areas are: 1) Ratchaburi provinces (Tin), and 2) Kanchanaburi province (REE). 

Ratchaburi provinces is located in the western part of Thailand, comprising 

“Takopittong” subareas in Suan Phueng district, Ratchaburi province covering 1.55 square 

kilometers (Figure 4), which it is expected to find in primary and secondary Tin deposits. The 

estimated mineral resources (333) are respectively of about 11,600 metric ton. 

Kanchanaburi province comprising “Ban Phu Muang” and “Huai Haeng” subareas 

(Figure 5), in which it is expected to find REE residually accumulated as ion-adsorption 

dominated type within the weathered granitic crusts. The total REE (∑REE) contents in the 

areas range from 17 to 1,064 ppm, dominantly Ce, La, Nd and Y. The LREE/HREE ratio is 

approximately 80:20 in for both areas. The estimated mineral resources (333) are respectively 

about 6,200 and 18,400 metric tons of REE metal, with average grades ranging from 190 to 

316 ppm of ∑REE content. 


NG-1 

Figure 1. Regional exploration area “Ngao” (Lampang, Payao, Phare and Nan Province) and 

the selective area “NG-1” for defining mineral potential areas. 

Mineral potential area 

National park area 

Wild life conservation area 

Figure 2. Defined mineral potential areas within the selective area “NG-1” 


Figure 3. The regional exploration area (Danchang Area) and the selective area for defining 

mineral potential areas. 

1.2.2 Mineral Exploration and Assessment for Mineral Zoning 

Mineral potential area 

Selective area 

National park area 

Wild life conservation area 

The project area is located in western and southern parts of Long District, Phrae 

Province, covering 149 square kilometer, with mountainous volcanic and sedimentary rock 

terrain. The objectives of the projects comprise gold exploration and evaluation, zoning of 

gold deposits, geology of gold deposits, and guidance of gold administration and management 

in the zoning area. 

There are two types of gold depositst found in the project area, primary and secondary 

gold deposits. The secondary gold deposit is visible and accumulated in recent sediments of 

streams and top soil. The panning survey totalling 68 samples of 187 samples showed various 

amounts of secondary gold, of which was a guide to the primary gold deposit sources. The 

primary gold deposit is invisible and associated with epithermal quartz veins and silicified 

rhyolite. Totally 355 rock samples had been collected for geochemical analysis. The analysis 

result indicated some significant of primary gold bearing rocks with Au content varying from 

5 ppb up to 210,000 ppb. Integration of all information from the exploration, revealed 8 

areas of gold deposit which can be zoned with a total indicated gold resource approximately 

14 tons (United Nation Framework Classification (UNFC) code 232). 

The output of the project has been presented to the local residents and the provincial 

officers in order to discuss and hear some public opinion. The guidance of gold administration 

and management in the zoning area has been summarized and proposed within four different 

aspects, namely, conservation, environmental, social and academic aspects. 


Figure 4 The detailed tin exploration areas of “Tokopittong” in Rachaburi Province and 

mineral deposit areas. 


“Ban Phu 

Myanmar 

“Huai Haeng” 

“Ban Phu 

Pitting site 

Mineral deposit area 


Pitting site 

Mineral deposit area 

Kanchanaburi 

Ratchaburi 


“Ban Phu Muang” 

Figure 5. Detailed REE exploration areas of “Ban Phu Muang” and “Huai Haeng” in 

Kanchanaburi Province and defined REE mineral deposit areas. 

CCOP Member Country Report: THAILAND 7 

Myanmar

1.2.3 Mineral Zoning and Geological Resources Management 

Project Background: Mineral resources development involves several stakeholders in 

society. Systematic management of mineral resources is needed in terms of effectiveness and 

fairness. For this, participation is needed from relevant stakeholders. This project was set up 

in 2006 to propose the management measures in each individual province for effective 

planning and management of its geological resources. 

Initially, DMR compiles various data and information; maps at 1:50,000 scale of the 

geology, mineral potential and mining license areas, natural parks, forests, wildlife reserves, 

other restricted areas and land-use conditions, conservation geological sites and national and 

local economic situations are included. 

The next step is to define the areas for potential development, considering the land-use 

conditions and relevant laws and regulations. At this stage, the areas for mineral utilization 

have been divided into three groups namely, 

(1) Preserved areas (e.g., national parks, forest parks, wildlife sanctuaries, area of 

no animal-hunting, ramsar site, natural conservation site, fossil site, archaeological site and 

mangrove preserved zones): mineral resources in these areas will be preserved and are the 

last-priority for utilization 

(2) Conserved areas (e.g., reformed land for agriculture, watershed areas class one, 

environmental protectorate area, forest zones restricted by laws (regulations and cabinet 

resolutions), mineral research survey areas designated by Mineral Act B.E. 1967, (Section 6 

bi): mineral resources are planned to be used in the near future, or at present with certain 

conditions, 

(3) Development areas (e.g., economic forest zones, industrial rock zones, mining 

license areas and mineral development areas designated by Mineral Act B.E. 1967, (Section 6 

quad): mineral resources in these areas have no law, regulation or public restrictions for 

development. Prioritization of the development areas of each mineral commodity is 

considered by economic, social and environmental factors. 

All the mineral zones in these three areas are also graded by their values. Measures 

and recommendations for effective mineral planning and management are then proposed in 

the preliminary report of each province. Finally, these reports will be sent to the relevant 

stakeholders for comments. Consultation meetings will be organized in every province prior 

to submission of a final report to the cabinet for approval. Executives and technical people as 

representatives of relevant agencies such as DMR, Department of Primary Industries and 

Mines, Office of Natural Resources Policy and Planning, Provincial Offices and Local 

Administrative Offices will be invited to join the consultation meetings. 

After six years (2006-2011), the project was carried out in 51 provinces covering: 

Northern region; Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, Lampang, Lamphun, Mae Hong Son, Nan, 

Phayao, Phrae, Uttaradit, Phetchabun and Phitsanulok. 

Central region; Nakhon Sawan, Saraburi, Lopburi, Phichit, Sukhothai and Uthaithani. 

Eastern region; Prachinburi, Rayong,Chachoengsao, Chon Buri, Chanthaburi, Sa Kaeo 

and Trat. 

Western region; Kanchanaburi, Tak, Prachaub Kiri Khan, Phetchaburi and Rachaburi 

and Ranong. 

Southern region; Chumphon, Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Phattalung and Trang. 


Northeastern region; Loei, Kanlasin, Udonthani, Nong Khai, Nongbua Lampu, 

Khonkhean, Mahasalakham, Chaiyabhum, Nakhon Ratchasima, Burirum, Surin, Roi-Ed, 

Sri Saket, Ubon-Ratchathani, Amnajaroen and Yasothon. 

Activities Completed during this year: This year, the work was carried out in four 

selected provinces, three provinces in the northern part of the northeastern region namely 

Nakhon Phanom, Sakhon Nakhon, Mukdahan and one province in the northern region namely 

Kamphaengphet. 

1.3 Proposed Future Activities. 

The Mineral Exploration Program outside Legally protected Areas will also be 

involved in similar work in different areas next year and the Mineral zoning and geological 

Resources Management program will continue next year in a number of selected provinces. 

Programme Contact Person: 

1. Mr. Wudhikarn Sukserm 

Senior Geologist, Mineral Resource and Standard Division 

Bureau of Mineral resources 

Department of Mineral Resources 

Rama VI Road, Bangkok, THAILAND 

Tel: (66) 0 2621 9782, Fax: (66) 0 2621 9786 

E-mail : Wudhikarn @dmr.go.th 

2. Mr. Rath Jitrattana 

Acting-Director of Spatial Planning Division 

Bureau of Geological Resources Policy and Planning 



Tel: (66) 0 2621 9816, Fax: (66) 0 2621 9820-1 

E-mail : pracha@dmr.go.th 

2. ENERGY PROGRAMME 


2.1. Summary 

Exploration activities included seismic surveys (2D and 3D) together with drilling 

of wells both onshore and offshore. Petroleum production and imports are similar to last year. 

Petroleum exploration activities began to shift from seismic exploration to exploration drilling 

as most exploration blocks from the 20 th bidding round were close to the end of the first 

exploration period. 

Crude oil production rate was 146,000 barrel per day (bbld) which slightly lower 

than last year’s average rate of 166,000 bbld. 19% of Crude oil production is from onshore oil 

fields. Two new onshore oil fields started production in the reporting period adding about 

1,500 bbld and many blocks are still in the exploration phase. More onshore and offshore 

fields are expected to come into production in the near future. Natural gas production 

increased 1 % from last year. Last year’s average gas production rate was 3,370 MMscfd 


compared with this year’s rate of 3,400 MMscfd. The majority of natural gas (96%) was 

produced from fields in the Gulf of Thailand and the remaining was from onshore fields - 2 

fields in the NE of Thailand (120 MMscfd from the Sin Phu Horm and Nam Phong) and 

Sirikit Field in the central plain basin producing associated gas of about 40 MMscfd. 

Condensate production decreased from last year at an approximate rate 78,700 bbld in 2010 

compared with 91,100 bbld in 2009. 

However, the total amount of petroleum production in the Kingdom can only meet 

approximately 45% of the total country demand (Figure 1). The energy demand and import 

amounts have similar values as last year. The indigenous supply increased about 7% from last 

year. Coal use is still as high as 34.93 million tons per year while the domestic coal supplied 

only 18.03 million tons, or 52% of coal used. The total coal consumption in 2010 slightly 

increased from last year from 34.93 million tons to 34.51 million tons. The total amount of 

coal imported also increased slightly from 16.39 million tons in 2009 to 18.02 million tons in 

2010. 

As of December 2010, Thailand’s preliminary proved energy reserves (P1) as 

announced by the Department of Mineral Fuels (DMF) consisted of 10.6 trillion cubic feet 

(Tcf) of natural gas, 245 million barrels (MMbbl) of condensate and 197 MMbbl of crude oil. 

2.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities 

a) New Petroleum Licensed Applications (PLA) 

Since the end of June 2009, 6 new production area applications (PAA) have been 

granted. One area is located in the Gulf of Thailand (East Moragot) while the other 5 areas are 

located in Phitsanulok, Phetchabun, and central plain onshore basins. 

b) Exploration Activities 

Exploration activities continued over the period of July 2010 to June 2011. This 

resulted from several geophysical surveys awarded in the 19th and 20th Bidding Rounds. 2D 

seismic of 2,762 km was acquired (about 5,838 km was acquired last year). Of these 2,762 

km, about 1,133 km are from onshore areas and 1,629 km from offshore areas. 

A total of 2,318 km 2 3D seismic was conducted both onshore and offshore. 3D seismic 

volumes are quite similar to last year (2,663 km 2 ) as 3D seismic seems to be a new key to a 

change in the NE region in better identifying the fracture system in the carbonate reservoir. Of 

these 2,318 km 2 , about 767 km 2 are from onshore areas and 1,551 km 2 from offshore areas. 

Cocerning drilling, a total of 25 exploratory wells were drilled during July 2010 to 

June 2011, comparing to 15 wells last year - 17 wells in onshore basins and the other 8 wells 

in the Gulf of Thailand. Development wells were reported at 466 wells, comparing to 466 

wells last year - 79 onshore wells and 387 offshore wells. 

2.3. Proposed Future Activities 

- Training on conventional oil and gas monitoring. 

- Training or some short courses on conflict negotiation and public awareness. 

- Training or some short courses on Carbon Capture and Storage policy and regulation. 

- Training or some short courses on unconventional petroleum policy and regulation. 


During the year, 23 DMF officials were involved in 7 activities held by CCOP: 

1. One official attended CCOP EPPM-P3W4: Workshop and training in the new 

version of CCOP Geo-information Metadata System (GIMS) - in Cooperation with 

the CCOP Metadata Phase 2 Group, Shanghai, China, July 2010 

2. Four officials attended CCOP EPPM-EPPM P1W3: North Sumatra – Mergui Basin 

Case Study: Basin Modeling, Map Integration and Fractured Basement, Langkawi, 

Malaysia, August 2010 

3. Two officials attended CCOP EPPM-EPPM P2W5: Mapping of CCS Potential 

Reservoir and Selection Criteria & CCOP-ASCOPE-PETRAD Meeting to develop 

a CO2-CCS Regional Program, Bali, Indonesia, September 2010 

4. One official attended EPPM Program Seminar 3 (S3) : National Program addressing 

the Climate Change issues - Role of Geosciences, Bangkok, November 2010, 

Bangkok, Thailand 

5. Two officials attended CCOP EPPM-P3W5: Workshop/training for Metadata 

encoder and data managers using the new CCOP GIMS, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 

January 2011 

6. Seven officials attended CCOP EPPM-P1W4: North Sumatra – Mergui Basin Case 

Study: Workshop on Seismic Stratigraphy and Petroleum play concepts, Chiang 

Mai, Thailand, February 2011, Chiang Mai, Thailand 

7. Six officials attended CCOP EPPM-P2W6: Workshop on developing strategies for 

public awareness and acceptance of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) into 

geological reservoirs, June 2011, Bangkok, Thailand 

Figure 1. Petroleum balance of Thailand as of December 2010. 



2.1 Summary 

Primary energy consumption of Thailand is about 1.9 million barrel per day. 44% 

is from natural gas, 37% is from oil, 17% is from coal, and 2% is from hydro power. 

Coal use is 35.3 million tons per year while domestic coal can be supplied 18.97 

million tons or 54% of the demand. The total coal consumption in 2011 is slightly increased 

from last year (34.93 million tons to 35.3 million tons). The total imported coal decreased 

from 16.9 million tons in 2010 to 16.33 million tons in 2011. 

Crude oil production rate is 110,965 barrel per day (bbld) which is decreased 

from last year’s average rate of 121,571 bbld. Indigenous crude oil supply accounted for 27% 

of crude oil consumption. 21% of crude oil production is from onshore oil fields, and the rest 

is from the Gulf of Thailand. 

Last year the average gas production was 2,678 MMscfd which is similar to this 

year’srate of 2,692 MMscfd. Indigenous natural gas supply accounts for 80% of the 

consumption. The majority of natural gas (96%) is produced from fields in the Gulf of 

Thailand and the remaining is from onshore fields - 2 fields in the NE of Thailand (120 

MMscfd from the Sin Phu Horm and Nam Phong) and some associated gas of about 40 

MMscfd from Sirikit Field in the central plain basin. Condensate production increased from 

last year ( 83,772 bbld in 2010 to of 88,203 bbld in 2011). 

As of December 2011, Thailand’s preliminary proved reserves (P1) as announced 

by the Department of Mineral Fuels (DMF) consisted of 10.6 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of 

natural gas, 239 million barrels (MMbbl) of condensate and 215 MMbbl of crude oil, which 

are similar to last year proved reserves of 10.6 Tcf of natural gas, 245 million barrels MMbbl 

of condensate and 197 MMbbl of crude oil. 

2.2 Annual Review of Technical Programme/Activities 

a) New Petroleum Licensed Applications (PLA) 

From July 2010 to June 2012, 10 new Production Areas (PAs) have been granted. 4 

areas are located in the Gulf of Thailand while the other 6 areas are located in Phitsanulok, 

Phetchabun, and central plain onshore basins. G8/50 is the first production area in exploration 

blocks of the 20 th Bidding Round (23 rd May 2007 to 22 nd May 2008). More production areas 

from the 18 th 19 th and 20 th Bidding Rounds is expecting to come into production. 

b) Petroleum Exploration Activities 

Exploration activities continued over the period of July 2010 to June 2012 resulting 

from several concessions awarded in the 19 th and 20 th Bidding Rounds. 2D seismic of 5,798 

km, 1,484 km are from onshore areas and 4,314 km from offshore areas. 

A total of 9,573 km 2 3D seismic survey was conducted, 2,028 km 2 from onshore areas 

and 7,545 km 2 from offshore areas. A total of 118 exploratory wells, 54 wells in onshore 

basins and the other 64 wells in the Gulf of Thailand, were drilled during July 2010 to June 

2011. Development wells were reported at 897 wells, 149 onshore and 748 offshore. 


2.3 Proposed Future Activities/Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of 

Future Activities. 

a) Training or short courses on conflict negotiation and public awareness 

b) Training/workshop on petroleum fiscal regime 

c) Training on unconventional oil and gas 

d) Workshops on petroleum concession bidding best practice 

- 

From July 2010 to June 2012, 30 DMF officials have involved in 8 activities held by CCOP: 

1. CCOP EPPM-P3W4: Workshop and training in the new version of CCOP Geoinformation 

Metadata System (GIMS) - in Cooperation with the CCOP Metadata 

Phase 2 Group, Shanghai, China, July 2010 - one official 

2. CCOP EPPM-EPPM P1W3: North Sumatra – Mergui Basin Case Study: Basin 

Modeling, Map Integration and Fractured Basement, Langkawi, Malaysia, August 

2010 - four officials 

3. CCOP EPPM-EPPM P2W5: Mapping of CCS Potential Reservoir and Selection 

Criteria & CCOP-ASCOPE-PETRAD Meeting to develop a CO2-CCS Regional 

Program, Bali, Indonesia, September 2010 - two officials 

4. EPPM Program Seminar 3 (S3) : National Program addressing the Climate Change 

issues - Role of Geosciences, Bangkok, November 2010, Bangkok, Thailand - one 

official 

5 CCOP EPPM-P3W5: Workshop/training for Metadata encoder and data managers 

using the new CCOP GIMS, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, January 2011 - two 

officials 

6. CCOP EPPM-P1W4: North Sumatra – Mergui Basin Case Study: Workshop on 

Seismic Stratigraphy and Petroleum play concepts, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 

February 2011, Chiang Mai, Thailand – seven officials 

7. CCOP EPPM-P2W6: Workshop on developing strategies for public awareness and 

acceptance of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) into geological reservoirs, June 

2011, Bangkok, Thailand - six officials 

8. Five officials participated in CCOP- EPPM- P1W5: North Sumatra-Mergui Basin 

Case Study: Workshop on Petroleum Play and Prospect Analysis during October 

2011, in York Jakarta, Indonesia. 

9. Two official attended CCOP--NORWAY EPPM Program: Workshop on UNFCC 

Resources Classification for Oil, Gas, and Minerals during February 2012, in 

Bangkok, Thailand. 


1. Dr. Phumee Srisuwon 

Senior Geologist 

Mineral Fuels Management Division 

Department of Mineral Fuels 

1010 Shinawatra Tower III, Chatuchak 

Bangkok 10900, Thailand. 

Tel: (66) 0 2791 8300 Ext. 5105, 

Fax: (66) 0 2791 8357 

E-mail1: phumee@dmf.go.th, phumee@yahoo.com 


2. Trin Intaraprasong (PhD) 

Reservoir Engineering and Petroleum Economic Group 

Department of Mineral Fuels, Ministry of Energy 

555/2 Vibhavadirangsit Rd., ENCO B, 22nd Floor, 

Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900 Thailand 

Tel: (662) 794 3347 

Fax: (662) 794 3277 

3. GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME 

3.1 Summary 

The Department of Groundwater Resources (DGR) has been cooperating with CCOP 

under the project entitled “CCOP-GST/AIST Groundwater Project Phase II”. The aim of the 

project is to implement hydrogeological data and a Geographical Information System (GIS) of 

the Upper Chao Phraya and Lower Chao Phraya basins that can be applied into the provided 

CCOP website. Recent work has been in the processing of detailed hydrological mapping at a 

scale of 1:50,000 and combining the MIS (Management Information System) linkage with 

GIS respectively. 


3.2.1 Groundwater and Land Subsidence Monitoring 

Land subsidence in Bangkok and its vicinity has been serious during the last three 

decades of extensive groundwater development and there has been a lack of tools to monitor 

land subsidence continually and effectively. Hence, DGR launched a project namely “Systematic 

Land Subsidence Monitoring by Stations in the Critical Area”. Currently, DGR has finished 

Phase I, comprising two exploration boreholes at the depths of 600 m. and 300 m. located in 

Samut Sakorn and Samut Prakarn provinces respectively (Figure 1). The results of drilling 

such as sample cutting, electric logging and soil testing are being evaluated for detailed design 

of permanent land subsidence monitoring stations including groups of boreholes expected to 

be drilled and the kind of electronic devices to be applied. Also, InSAR technology has been 

conducted in order to make a parallel check with land subsidence measurements in the future 

(Figure 2). 

Figure 1. Drilling well for land subsidence monitoring design 


Figure 2-3. Application of InSAR technology for land subsidence monitoring 

3.2.2 Clean Drinking Groundwater for Schools 

Responding to a lack of clean drinking water for children in schools, particularly in 

rural areas, DGR has developed a routine that is to provide clean groundwater by drilling a 

well including a purification system. In this year, DGR has carried out 372 units and has 

completed a total of 1,149 units since 2008. The eventual target throughout of the country is 

planned at 2,478 units (Figure 3). In addition, DGR has served and provided 922 systems for 

water supply in the areas of scarce water resources. 

3.2.3 Conjunctive Water Use 

DGR has implemented a pilot project integrating groundwater and surface 

water for supporting economic development since 2010. Recent global warming is a serious 

world problem considering water demand for agricultural purposes. In Thailand, water 

management incorporating the concept of conjunctive water use is anticipated to be useful in 

the future. In order to cope with this problem, high groundwater potential resources are 

evaluated throughout the country and 4 pilot areas of each region of Thailand have been 

selected for actual construction (Figure 4) and subsequent monitoring of their responses in 

terms of economic management as well as possible agricultural products. 

Figure 4. Clean drinking groundwater system 


3.2.4 River Bank Filter (RBF) Project 

RBF is a new project launched by DGR this year. The first phase will involve 

feasibility studies looking for suitable sites in terms of hydrogeological criteria for further 

concrete development. The concept of RBF is to develop high shallow groundwater potential 

by having many horizontal intake wells drilled in the main caisson and then water will be 

pumped for water supply to cities or towns, even for industrial purposes. Hence, the sites must 

be in shallow unconsolidated sediments with high groundwater yields or along the main river 

banks (Figure 5). 

Figure 5. The system of River Bank Filter (RBF) project 

3.3 Proposed Future Activities 

3.3.1 Geothermal Exploration (GP) 

DGR is going to launch a project on geothermal exploration in order to support 

clean energy development, particularly in electricity production. Because of the recent limited 

resources for electricity generation, geothermal resources are considered as a new alternative 

clean energy source for the future. Thailand has many hot spring occurrences in a zone 

elongated from North to South in the western part of the country and some in the central part. 

In previous studies, more than 20 years ago, this kind of the project was unsuccessful in terms 

of exploration of proposed potential targets. In the next operation, by using the new combined 

technology of geophysical instruments and computer programs, the results are expected to 

better in acquiring a good understanding of potential geothermal resources. 

3.3.2 Deep Groundwater Investigation (DGI) 

DGI is the other new project to be launched in parallel with GP, above, using 

the same high efficiency geophysical instruments. The first priority target areas will be in the 

northeastern part of Thailand. There are many salt domes underneath the Phu Tok aquifer 

that have fracture zones occurring along their sides which actually have high and good 

groundwater yields. If the salt domes and their dimensions could be better located by 

geophysical surveys, the good aquifers would be easily identified for further development. 

Generally, good aquifers with high potential in northeastern Thailand are very difficult to 

locate successfully. 


3.4 Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities 

Many member countries of CCOP are leaders in geothermal development for 

economic electricity production. These countries have different knowledge and experiences 

including experience as donor and advisory countries. Till now, CCOP has never cooperated 

in, nor promoted, this aspect. Due to climate change and a common interest with other 

countries looking for clean energy, CCOP should support and put this kind of project into the 

action plan. 

3.5 Assistance Offered to CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities 

As above. 


Mr. Adisai Charuratna 

DGR Expert in Research and Development 

Department of Groundwater Resources 

26/83 Soi Than Puyingphahol 

Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Lad Yaw 

Jatujak District, Bangkok 10900, Thailand 

Tel : (66) 0 2660 2501, Fax : (66) 0 2660 2519 

E-mail : adisai54@yahoo.com 

4 COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME 

GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR 

4.1 Summary 

Programmes were carried out by the Department of Marine and Coastal resources 

and the Department of Mineral Resources as described below. 


Department of marine and coastal Resources (DMCR) 

In 2011, the Department of marine and coastal Resources (DMCR) gathered the 

shoreline data in the form of GIS from various research projects carried out from 2001-2008 

and has provided Geo-Infomatics data regarding shoreline erosion in Thailand. The shoreline 

length is measured at 3,148.23 km. in total involving 23 coastal provinces. The coastline can 

can be divided as follows; The Gulf of Thailand side is measured at 2055.18 km. covering 17 

provinces while the Andaman side is measured at 1093.14 km. covering 6 provinces. 

DMCR organized an International Symposium on Sea Level Rise and Coastal Erosion 

on April 28-29, 2011, in Bangkok, Thailand. Presentations of international and Thai experts 

on several topics included 1) Dr.Lawrence P. Hilderbrand entitled “Policy Context and the 

Role of Senior Governments in Adaptation to Coastal Erosion and Sea-level Rise”, 2) Dr.Pete 

Zuzek entitled “Science and Engineering Tools to Understand Coastal Dynamics and Develop 

Effective and Sustainable Solutions to Coastal Erosion”, 3) Professor Dr.Anton S. Micallef 

entitled “An Overview of Coastal Erosion and Sea Level Rise in Europe”, 4) Professor 

Dr.Klaus Schwarzer entitled “Coastal Erosion – Strategies for Investigation and Development 

of Protection Schemes”, 5) Dr.Jungho Nam entitled “ Korea Society’s Challenges for Coastal 

Risk Management”, 6) Professor Dr.Wong Poh Poh entitled “Coastal Erosion-Challenges and 


Mitigation Measures”, and 7) Associate Professor Dr.Sutat Weesakul entitled “Coastal 

Erosion at the Upper of Thailand: Problem Identificaion and Remedies”. There are 

recommendations that can be applied in Thailand, with topics as follows : Policy and plans, 

Techniques and Models, Development Investment and Beach Protection, Legal-Rules and 

Regulation, Regional Cooperation. 

The Thai-Cabinet issued 3 resolutions on 26 th August 2007, 22 nd September 2008, and 

20 th April 2010 to solve the coastal erosion problem systematically and theoretically by 

considering the possible side effects. This is to encompass all organizations which are the 

Harbor Department, the Public Work and City Planning Department, the Natural Resources 

and Environment Policy and Planning Office, the Ministry of Interior, Provinces, and local 

area management and organization should be encouraged. The DMCR has already been 

assigned to establish the responsible unit will become the focal point to solve the coastal 

erosion problem in 2011-2016. 

The cabinet’s resolution on 20 th April 2010 regarding the budget integration to prevent 

and solve the coastal erosion problem along 23 provinces under the 2011-2016 budget of 

19580.8 million Baht to be implemented through 933 projects which can be identified to 4 

plans as follows; 

- Design and analysis report management regarding the impact of environment and 

construction plan; 325 projects under budget of 15,492.5 million Baht. 

- Investment of global warming Impact prevention and management plan; 112 projects under 

the budget of 2,010 million Baht. 

- Dilapidated area and ecosystem restoration plan; 328 projects under the budget of 1,664 

million Baht. 

- Promoting knowledge and cooperation plan; 258 projects under the budget of 414.3 million 

Baht. 

The Marine and Coastal Erosion Prevention Management Office of DMCR have been 

working on possible solutions for coastal erosion and coastal restoration projects in 

conjunction with participation of local people. The project is being implemented by placing 

bamboo as rows preventing and dissolving the wave energy during the budget year 2010 in 

Samuth Songkram, Samuth Sakorn, Samuth prakan and Chacherngsao. The total length is 

7265 m. Another project was to install some concrete poles to solve the same problem in Tan 

Yongpao, Pattani province in 2009. 

Regarding the study of the master plan for solving coastal erosion, the DMCR teamed 

up with academic institutes and consultant companies in the East Coastal area, upper and 

lower part of the Gulf of Thailand side (from Ta Lum Puk cape to Songkla Lake river). 

Besides, there is a study to design the solution for the coastal erosion in Lam Fapa, Pra 

Samuth Jadee, Samuth Prakarn, where the most severe erosion takes place. 



Sea floor Mapping Results in the Upper Gulf of Thailand 

By the marine geology division 

The Department of Mineral Resources is establishing a Sea floor Mapping Program 

in order to provide the base-line data needed to produce systematic current map series of 

nearshore-offshore surficial geologic character and sediment distribution. The program is 

consistent with the National Economic and Social Development Plan. Many of these maps 

can serve many other purposes. The marine science community, educators, students and 

others are encouraged to use these data to generate GIS products for their own purposes. 

Accurate statewide mapping of seafloor substrates and bathymetry of Thailand nearshore 

waters is a crucial component necessary to guide multiple ocean management decisions. 

Designating and monitoring marine reserves, understanding sediment transport and sand 

delivery, ensuring shipping safety, identifying dredging and dumping sites, helping identify 

fault dynamics, helping describe tsunami potential, regulating offshore coastal development, 

and illuminating the dynamics of fisheries and other marine species, are just a few of the 

applications that would benefit from coastal and marine mapping data and products. Detailed 

bathymetric maps are also critical in the development of an ocean circulation model that will 

allow better prediction of potential ocean responses to environmental and anthropogenic 

changes. 

In fiscal year 2011, the Bureau of Geo-technology, Department of Mineral Resources 

conducted the total of 3,000 km bathymetry survey lines, 3,000 km very high resolution 

shallow seismic reflection profiles, and 730 sea floor sediment sampling sites encompassing 

eight Royal Thai Military map sheets in order to collect valuable information on the sea floor 

and sub-sea floor. The geochemical distributions of (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ti, Cu, V, Pb, 

Zn and Ni) concentrations in 250 seabed sediments were determined by using the Aqua-Regia 

ICP-DES method. 

The modern sea floor topography of the Upper Gulf of Thailand is relatively smooth 

and has little relief, except on the eastern part of the area (offshore Chon Buri province) where 

bathymetric depressions were encountered. The delta front in front of the Chao Phraya River 

mouth is slightly steeper (1:1,500 ; 0.03o) than in front of the Mae Klong, Tha Chin river and 

Bang Pakong mouths (1:2,000; 0.02o). 

According to shallow seismic data, two main seismic sequences of the late 

Quaternary strata that formed during and since the last glacial maximum were identified. The 

Lower Sequence, was interpreted as complex sedimentary strata, consisting of stiff alluvial 

silty clay alternated with silty sand and dense sand deposited during regression period of late 

Pleistocene low stand sea level. The surface depth of this sequence ranges from 0 to 55 m. 

numerous cut and fill channels were clearly seen. The Upper Sequence was interpreted as 

Holocene sediment deposits. It was sub-divided into 4 units according to the environment of 

deposition. Unit A is characterized by channel-filled seismic facies. It is interpreted as an 

estuarine channel deposited during the transgression period of late Pleistocene-early 

Holocene. Unit B displays a lobate shape, (1-3 km wide, 5-10 km long and 2-7 m thick) with 

aggrading seismic configurations, being deciphered as a submerged offshore sand ridge. This 

unit is locally found in three areas; offshore Cha-am district of Phetchaburi province, Sri 

Racha and Banglamung districts of Chon Buri province. Unit C clearly displays acoustic 

blanking/ turbidity facies due to gas bubbles contained in the sediments. It is locally found at 

river mouths and their vicinities. It is interpreted as sub-tidal flat sediment facies being 

composed mainly of gassy and organic-rich clay/sandy clay sediments. Unit D blankets 

almost 90 % of the survey area with thickness ranging from 0 to 19 m. The thickness 

generally decreases seaward. It is composed of very soft-soft marine clay deposited since 


Holocene to Recent. The absence of any trace of any barrier sand in offshore area in the inner 

part of the upper Gulf is explained by the very low gradients on the seabed which promote the 

landward migration of transgressive barriers under conditions of rising sea level. In addition, 

the absence of the regressive barriers as sea level fell towards the last glacial period reflects a 

lack of available sand. Instead of regressive sand deposits, thick marine clay blankets (Unit D) 

indicate that very little amount of coarse sediments have been transported to the inner part of 

the upper Gulf since the Holocene marine transgression till present. 

The results of seabed sediment sampling reveals that the seabed sediment consists of 

76% marine mud, 14%, sandy marine mud, 9% marine muddy sand, and only 1% sand. The 

12 heavy metals showed a wide range of concentrations. Generally, heavy metals 

concentration in the sediments decreased with increasing distance from the shoreline. The 

average heavy metals concentrations from the highest to the lowest are Fe (15,268.2 mg/kg), 

Mn (791.15 mg/Kg), Ti (115.34 mg/kg), Zn (40.56 mg/kg), Cr (24.89 mg/kg), V (21.63), 

Ni (15.31 mg/kg), Cu (13.38 mg/kg), Pb (10.88 mg/kg), Co (7.18 mg/kg), As (3.06 mg/kg) 

and Cd (< 0.30 mg/kg) respectively. All of them, except Cd, are concentrated in three main 

river mouths; Tha Chin, Chao Phraya and Bang Pakong, and adjacent areas. The results 

indicate that the high concentrations of heavy metals in marine sediments are particularly 

affected by the high contribution of terrigenous materials through the main rivers. The 

behavior of heavy metals in marine sediments, in comparison with other previous studies, is 

complex due to seasonal and geographic variations in the terrigenous fluxes by rivers. 


The challenging mission of DMCR concerning the coastal erosion problem will be’ in 

particular, coordination of the integration plan for the year 2011-2016 and building a 

cooperation system for all relevant organizations. 



1. Mr. Worawoot Tantiwanit 

Department of Marine and Coastal Resources, Thailand. 

Tel (66) 0 2141 1283, Fax : (66) 02143 9244 

E-mail: w_tantiwanit@yahoo.com 

2. Mr. Panu Thongchit 

Director, Bureau of Geotechnology 

Tel (66) 0 2621 9610, Fax : (66) 0 2621 9612, Mobile 084 730 7008 

5 GEO-HAZARDS PROGRAMME 

For fisical year 2011 

5.1 Summary 

Thailand is located in a tropical zone where heavy rainfall can occur in the rainy 

season starting from May to December. Large landslides and flash flood triggered by the 

heavy rainfall also occur in this period. Exceptionally, in this year, large landslides and flash 

flooding happened in the March dry season in three provinces, Krabi, Nakhon Si Thamrat and 

Surat Thani, in the southern part of Thailand. The landslides and flash floods caused a lot of 

damage and casualties. Sixty-four people were killed and the total cost of damage is estimated 

at around 10,000 million Baht. 

The Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) investigated the events and found that 

only 14 casualties were in landslide affected areas whereas 50 casualties were in flash flood 

areas. The smaller number of casualties in landslide areas rather than in flash flood areas were 

because in the landslide areas, landslide watch networks or the community-based landslide 

watch networks had been established. From this result, DMR has implemented the 

“Efficiency Increasing of Landslide Monitoring System Project” in the high landslide risk 

areas of 17 provinces. 


5.2.1 The Efficiency Increasing of Landslide Monitoring System Project 

The Project has the objective to map the landslide risk at community level on a scale 

1:10,000, to establish the landslide watch networks in upper, middle and down stream 

localities in both landslide and flash flood prone areas, and to integrate a landslide monitoring 

plan. The project was conducted in high landslide risk areas of 17 provinces, Ranong, 

Chumphon, Surat Thani, Krabi, Nakhon Si Thamarat, Phang Gna, Phatthalung, Trang (in the 

southern part and Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Mae Hong Son, Tak, Lampoon, Lampang, Nan, 

Phayao, Phrae and Uttaradit (in northern part). 

The landslide risk at community level mapping was conducted between June and July 

by using various techniques depending on the areas, ranging from air survey by helicopter to 

ground checking. Satellite data and Ternary data were also used to delineate the flooded areas 

and landslide scars. More than 20 teams of geologists were sent to recheck landslide affected 

boundary and to coordinate with the local governments and local people. The heads of 

villages and some local people were invited to be involved in the landslide watch networks. 

anual rain gauges were distributed to the network, 1 or 2 rain gauges per village. Installed rain 


gauges were located by GPS and the mobile numbers of the networks were recorded. Then a 

safety place for the village was chosen (Figure 1). 

Figure 1 shows the Landslide Risk in Community Level Map. 

Data and activities of villages, local government, Thai Meteorology Department 

(TMD), Department of Water Resources (DWR), Department of Disaster Prevention and 

Mitigation (DDPM), National Disaster Warning Center and DMR were integrated to be a 

simple landslide monitoring plan (Figure2). The plan can divided into 4 periods, 

1. Normal period; exchange weather condition and rainfall data between government 

offices and local people, 


2. Watch period; the networks or the local people are monitoring rainfall and water 

level in streams with supporting data form government offices. If they notify 

landslide signals, the networks must inform the head of the village. 

3. Warning period; the head of the village authorizes dissemination of landslide 

warning through siren and village speaker. 

4. Rescue period; the mayor of landslide affected area will deploy his rescue team to 

the area and will request nearby municipalities and other offices to help his people. 

The network training courses are planned to be conducted in September of this year. 

At the beginning more than 1,000 local people are planned to join the courses in 3 provinces 

(Krabi, Nakhon Si Thamrat and Surat Thani) which were seriously affected by landslides. 

The participants are divided into small groups of villages according to their drainage basin or 

according to streams that flow through their villages. A one day course is composed of basic 

knowledge of landslides, landslide risk areas, landslide signals, rainfall measurement, 

landslide evacuation plan and exchange of ideas. The rest of villages in other provinces will 

be trained in the same way in the next official year. 

TMD & DWR 

Landslide 

Watch 

Networks 

Figure 2. shows the flowchart of the Landslide Monitoring Plan. 

Rainfall 

Water Level 

DMR 

Watch 

Head of Village 

Bulletin 

Warning 

Rescue 

Relevant 

Offices& 

NDWC 

Request 

for Help 

Landslide Signals 

Warning and Evacuation 

Permission 

Mayor of 

Municipality 

Inform 

District 

Governor and DDPM 

Inform 

Down Stream 

Villages 


Fiscal year 2012 

5.1 Summary 

In 2011 many parts of Thailand was affected by serious flooding and landslide. The 

damage cost was estimated a round 45.7 billion US$ or ranking as the fourth most damage 

disaster in the world. There were 13.6 million affected people and the flooding caused 815 

casualties. Therefore Thai government and Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) put 

more effort in mitigating the affects from geohazards especially landslides. In this year DMR 

is conducting many activities under the geohazards mitigation programme such as landslide 

risk mapping at the community level, establishing landslide watch networks, increasing 

efficiency of the landslide monitoring system, developing of landslide models and landslide 

rehabilitation. 


5.2.1 The landslide Risk Mapping at Community level 

The Project has the objective to map the landslide risk area at community level at a 

scale of 1:10,000. The maps show the areas which are prone to be affected by landslide and 

flash floods. Moreover they will include the location of landslide watch network houses, 

safety places and rain gauges. In this year DMR has a budget to do the activity in 190 subdistricts 

in northern and southern part of Thailand. 

5.2.2 Establishing The Landslide Watch Network 

This activity has conducted since 2001 or for more than 10 year. In 2012 DMR 

established the networks in 5 provinces, Chaiyaphum, Prachinburi, Sakaeo, Phetchabun and 

Lopburi. Here 1885 local volunteers from 353 villages, 51 subdistricts and 21 districts joined 

the network. At this moment there are more than 17,000 networks in 2318 villages of 48 

provinces, mainly from northern and southern parts. 

5.2.3 Increasing Efficiency of the Landslide Monitoring System 

This activity has two main components, landslide monitoring and landslide drill. The 

landslide monitoring is operating through the Geohazards Operation Center of DMR. The 

center will monitor the heavy rainfall in landslide risk areas. In cases where heavy rainfall is 

longer than 3 hours or more than 100 mm., the center will disseminate a watch bulletin and 

inform the networks in the area. Then the networks will be on the duty to closely monitor 

landslide signals in the local areay. If the networks notify landslide signals they will inform 

the head of the village to issue a landslide warning and to evacuate people to safe places. The 

landslide drill is a method for testing the above system. 

5.2.4 The Developing a Landslide Model 

The mathematical landslide model was firstly developed in 1988 and was used for 

mapping landslide hazard areas. The first model was GIS based utilizing parameters of 

geology, topography, landuse and so on. Until this year DMR is developing the new 

mathematical landslide model by applying slope stability a method for northern and southern 

parts of Thailand. The main parameters are geology, topography and rain fall infiltration. The 

model also is a dynamic model and its results will be changed according to the amount of 

rainfall and it can predict landslide risk areas in advance. In the future DMR hope that the 

result form the model is very useful for monitoring and warning of landslides, not only for 

DMR but also for relevant agencies and local governments. 


Figure 2. shows the dynamic landslide model of Namman Subdistric, Thapla District, 

Uttaradit Province. 

5.2.5 The Landslide Rehabilitation 

In the last decade large landslides have occurred nearly every year and in some years 

there were many events. All landslide affected areas required rehabilitation for basic issues 

such as roads, bridges, water pipes and electricity supply. From the viewpoint of geologists, 

the affected areas must take some actions to mitigate the potential future effects from 

landslide. Therefore DMR is introducing the prototype of small and easily constructed 

structures including retaining walls and monkey cheeks (flood and landslide reservoir), 

together witj channel improvment and stream rerouting. In this activity DMR also uses the 

plastic flapped sack in the structure and integrates local knowledge as well as local 

participation. Every year the prototypes are introduced to two provinces and this year DMR 

is working in Chairai and Lampang Provinces. 


Figure 2 shows the landslide reservoir by applying the plastic flapped sack, Ban Pangma-o, 

Lampang Province. 


Mr. Lertsin Laksasakulwong 

Director, Bureau of Environmental Geology 

Department of Marine Resources, Thailand. 

Tel (66) 0 2621 9790, Fax : (66) 02621 9795 

E-mail: w_tantiwanit@yahoo.com 

6 ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY PROGRAMME 

6.1 Summary 

Saline Soil Area Development Project in Northeast Thailand. 

The four-year (2008-2011) project was launched in 2008 in response to His 

Majesty the King’s advice and initiation on development of saline soil area in NE Thailand.. 

The project involves sustainable development of both geological resources through the 

mitigation of saline soil problems. In this integrated project, DMR is responsible for the study 

of rock salt formation and its contribution to saline soil and the dispersion of salt in the study 

area. 

Duration: 2008 –2011 

Objectives: (a) To set up Saline Soil Study Centre of and by the local community 

(b) To develop and improve soil quality of saline soil area 

(c) To improve the quality of life of local people 

Project Area: Tambon Haiyong, Phangkhon District, Sakon Nakhon Province 

located within Nam Un watershed, as a project area. 


6.2 Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities (Saline Soil Development 

Project) 

During 2008-2009 

- Investigative surveys on geology, underground geology and hydrogeology.. 

- cooperating with National Science and Technology Development Agency, 

Department of Rice, Land Development Department and Phimai Salt Company Limited for 

saline soil rice cultivaiond experiment. 

In 2010 

- The Department of Mineral Resources focused on the experimental solutions 

to the problem in more saline areas to investigate; 

(a) use of bentonite to prevent permeability of underground salt water 

(b) use of NaWa clay to modify structure of saline soil: add clay particle or 

residue sand faction 

(c) Leaching of saline soil to salt water treatment pond. 

(d) fill NaWa clay to lift up paddy field or, on the other hand to reduce the 

groundwater level 

Work carried out in 2011 

- Saline Soil Study Centre of Tambon Haiyong, Phangkhon District established 

- 1 person namely Mr. Krue Suwanchairop to be a master agriculturalist at the 

provincial level. 

- Extend results of saline soil investigation to cover all areas of Phangkhon 

District, Sakon Nakhon Province with a network of agriculuralists in Phangkhon District. 

Work carried out in 2012 

During 2012 the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR) carried out the Saline Soil Area 

Development Project in Northeast Thailand (phase 2: An extension in Khon Kaen (Ban Tum, 

Ban Ped, Ban Wa, and Dang Yai districts) and Udon Thani province (Ban Fang, Pon Sung 

Sawad, Pon Sung Tai districts). This involved l 

- The dissemination of knowledge concerning solutions of saline soil problems from 

the Saline Soil Study Centre of Tambon Haiyong to target areas in 2012 (Khon 

Kaen and Udon Thani Provinces) 

- Cooperating with research teams from Khon Kaen University (led by Assoc. Dr. 

Wittaya Trilogade) and Udon Thani Rajabhat University (led by Dr. Wibol 

Pensuk) for saline soil rice cultivated experiment. 

- 1 Conference (on April 27, 2012 at Ban Haiyong Sakon Nakhon province, 121 

participants), 1 brainstorming meeting in Khon Kaen province (on June 28, 2012 

at Chaipat Hotel, 148 participants) and 1 brainstorming meeting in Udon Thani 

Province (on 26 July 2012 at Kedsuk-Resort Hotel, 150 participants) to encourage 

cooperative network of local government and communities. 

- 3 person namely Mr.Chainarong Maong-nil (Khon Kaen province), Mr. Wijit Raj- 

Jampi (Udon Thani province) and Mr.Supot Rayabsri (Udon Thani province) to be 

a master agriculturalist at the provincial level. 


- 2 Saline Soil Study Centers established (Ban Tum Saline Soil Study Centers in 

Khon Kaen province and Ban Pon Sung Saline Soil Study Center in Udon Thani 

province) 


Proposed work in 2013 will be the extension phase of The Saline Soil Area 

Development Project in Northeast Thailand in 2 provinces (Mahasarakham and Roi Et). 

Activities in 2013 will involve the encouragement of a cooperative network of local 

government and communities and the establishment of Saline Soil Study Center. 


Workshop on matters related to saline soil areas improvement in CCOP Member Countries. 


Mr. Phureewat Jenrungroth 

Director, Non-metallic Mineral Division 

Bureau of Mineral resources 



Tel: (66) 0 2621 9825, Fax: (66) 0 2621 9825 

E-mail : Phuyot@dmr.go.th 

GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR 

7. GEO-DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME 


7.1 Summary 

The Department of Mineral Resources implemeted an in-house activity only in the 

CCOP-CGS Metadata project. Totally, 369 metadata of the geological maps that were initially 

done in Phase I have been uploaded to the Phase II platforms. Activities on GEO Grid and 

One Geology project were temporarily suspended due to technical problems. 


7.2.1 CCOP Metadata Phase II Project 

Technical transformation of geological map-metadata in Phase I had been carried out to 

meet compatibility with metadata schema of Phase II. Therefore, 369 metadata records in 

Phase I had been transformed and stored in the Phase II environment. However, some 

information was not uploaded due to system bugs of an application. Correction, therefore, had 

to be done on a record by record basis. Currently, the correction has not been finished due to 

the metadata server being down. 


7.2.2 Global Earth Observation Grid (GEO Grid) Project 

The GEO Grid portal was shut down due to system damage after the tremendous 

tsunami attack on Hokkaido in early March. Meanwhile permission for the research project 

was also ended at the same time. Since the recovery of the GEO Grid system in June, any new 

research projects are to be submitted to the GHZ VO-manager. 

7.2.3 One Geology Project 

DMR had provided space for setup of the project server since 2009. Geological map 

and information on 1:1,000,000 scales were stored in the server that served for WMS through 

the One Geology portal. During the last few months the server was down due to power supply 

shortage that caused failure of the application. The problem was reported to TS in late July. 

Now, new launching of the program awaits the installation of the application from CCOP TS. 


Sumary 

Activities on prevailing cooperation projects temporarily ceased in this year. There 

are many reasons such as technical problems of the application server, new implementation 

for public services and uncertainty of flagship measure. 

Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities 

ASEAN Mineral Resources Database and Information Project 

This is an active cooperation project now. CCOP was invited to participate and share 

available database and information for the development of ASEAN mineral resources 

database and information. This project was initiated by Indonesia to ASOMM. After few 

years of the application launching, reviews on the progress and outcome showed negative 

signs. Therefore, the Japanese government decided to advise and support with either budget or 

technical implementation. The output is intended to establish OGC standards on web map 

services, to reduce the task of data entry by each member state and to make attractive and 

friendly usage available to all users. 

DMR participated a training course in Japan and a workshop in Yogyakarta. The 

DMR’s trainees took all knowledge from the trainer to develop and publish an attractive web 

map service on the ASOMM page of our website. 

CCOP Metadata Phase II Project 

At least new 50 records of geological map-metadata were prepared for uploading to 

the server. These had not uploaded and published yet because the metadata application server 

had out of controlled since the last year report. 

Global Earth Observation Grid (GEO Grid) Project 

Neither new requirements nor research on the geologic resources resulted in 

application for ASTER imagery or DEM. Many projects require larger scales of image 

resolution therefore they tend to choose the most suitablee. On the other hand, the GEO Grid 

project had developed a new global digital elevation model (DEM) disseminated for public 

use in many WMS portals. These portals are easily accessible and free to download. 


One Geology Project 

The management and maintenance of the country information faced some problems 

because of of the retirement of the former coordinator and ownership of the data. Moreover, 

the server that was also malfunctioning waits for new replacement from the CCOP TS. This 

project will be a part of the ASEAN mineral resources database that will supply WMS of the 

geological information in future. 


- Continuous preparation of metadata information of newly published geological 

maps in order to update on the CCOPGMIS portal, once the server is ready for service. 

- Continuously sharing of experience and participation for improving activities of 

the CCOP metadata standard. 

- Continuous feature improvement and data updating on either the DMR server or 

ASOMM server. 

- Transferring knowledge on the OGC standard on web map services to make good 

image and understanding concept of the development to all related DMR members. 

- Creating research and expanding knowledge on WMS either applicability or 

standardization. 

- New research projects concerned with geological hazards are expected to submit 

requests for satellite imageriy, either ASTER, MODIS or PULSAR. 

- Interactive WMS on geological hazards is planned to be setup on the DMR 

website. 

- OGC standards on WFS (Web Feature Services) and GeoSciML for open platform 

on data exchange and on-line processing. 


- Intellectual rights grant to DMR for installation of CCOPGMIS system for public 

dissemination of geological maps and publication-metadata in native language. 

- Technical and knowledge support for installation and modification of the 

CCOPGMIS application. 

- IT specialists and in-house training courses on OGC standards and GML schema 

compatible with GeoSciML are required for capacity building. 

- Replacement of new server is required for supporting services. 

7.5 Assistance Offered to CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future 

Activities 

-Technical assistance and instruction on the CCOPGMIS. 

-Technical assistance and instruction on GIS training. 

-Technical assistance and instruction on the CCOP-CGS metadata system. 

-Technical assistance and demonstration on fundamental OGC standard for web map 

services 

. 

7.6 Other Comments 

- The CCOP Technical Secretariat should construct a common route for regular 

circulation of active projects to coordinators and resource persons showing measures and 

activities to proceed. 


- Each project (either ended or ongoing) should be regularly evaluated. The 

evaluation results to be reported to the committee in order to stimulate coordinators for more 

responsibilities. 


Mr. Sompob Wongsomsak 

Director, Information Division 

Mineral Resources Information Center 

E-mail: gisdmr@hotmail.com, 

sompob2501@gmail.com

Member Country Report of THAILAND - CCOP

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?