Annual Report Krousar Thmey Cambodia

Report written by Cécile Vilnet and translated by Melanie Lemaire 

visit our website : www.krousar-thmey.org 

KROUSAR THMEY – NEW FAMILY 

First Cambodian foundation 

assisting deprived children 

Annual Report 

Krousar Thmey Cambodia 

Year 2006 

Cambodia : 4 Street 257 - Kampuchea Krom - Phnom Penh 

Tel. : (855-23) 366-184 - Fax : (855-23) 882-113 - e-mail : krousar-thmey@bigfoot.com 

Krousar Thmey is recognised as a charity in France, Switzerland and the United Kingdom

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

KROUSAR THMEY, A FAMILY OF OVER 4,000 5 

A. KROUSAR THMEY’S PHILOSOPHY FOR THE LAST 15 YEARS 6 

1 - THREE MAIN AREAS OF INTERVENTION 7 

2 - CENTRES ALL OVER THE COUNTRY 7 

3 - THOUSANDS OF CHILDREN, PROTECTED OR SUPPORTED 8 

4 - A FEW FINANCIAL DATA 9 

5 - KROUSAR THMEY CAMBODIA’S ORGANIZATION CHART 10 

B. THE SIGNIFICANT EVENTS OF 2006 FOR KROUSAR THMEY 11 

1 - KROUSAR THMEY CELEBRATES ITS 15 TH ANNIVERSARY DURING PRATCHUM NHEAT 11 

2 - A YEAR FULL OF NEW PROJECTS 12 

a - Two family houses open in Battambang (Also cf. II – B – d) 12 

b - Three blind children pass their final exam 12 

c - An IT class for the deaf children of Chbar Ampeou 13 

d - Extension of Kampong Cham School 13 

e - Psychology training course 13 

f - The cookbook 14 

C. CAPACITY BUILDING 15 

CHILD WELFARE 16 

A. SITUATION OF STREET CHILDREN IN CAMBODIA 18 

B. KROUSAR THMEY’S INTERVENTION 19 

1 - THE ASSISTANCE TO DEPRIVED CHILDREN PROGRAMME 19 

a - 4 street children centres 20 

b - 439 outside cases 23 

c - 3 protection centres 24 

d - 11 family houses 26 

e - The prevention campaign against child trafficking and prostitution 30 

f - Poïpet village 31 

EDUCATIONAL AND SCHOOLING SUPPORT 33 

C. EDUCATION IN CAMBODIA IN 2006 35 

D. KROUSAR THMEY’S INTERVENTION 36 

1 - THE DEAF AND BLIND CHILDREN’S EDUCATION PROGRAMME 36 

a - Teaching tools 36 

b - Teachers training 39 

c - Specialized schools 40 

d - 42 integrated classes 46 

e - The awareness campaign 49 

2 - POIPET PRIMARY SCHOOL: PRUM NIMITH 51 

2

CULTURAL AND ARTISTIC DEVELOPMENT 53 

A. ART AND CULTURE IN CAMBODIA IN 2006 55 

B. KROUSAR THMEY’S INTERVENTION 56 

1 - THE SCHOOL OF KHMER ARTS AND CULTURE 56 

2 - TWO CULTURAL EXHIBITIONS 58 

3 - ARTISTIC AND CULTURAL ACTIVITIES FOR ALL THE CHILDREN 60 

SPECIAL THANKS 63 

FINANCIAL BALANCE SHEET 2006 64 

3

INTRODUCTION 

« Last year, Cambodia experienced a growth rate of 9,5% after a record figure of 13,4% 

in 2005 », declared the ONU coordinator for Cambodia in February 2007. 

In the last few years, many progresses were made in every sector. However Cambodian exports 

are still very dependent at 75% on the textile industry. So the Cambodian Economic Institute 

banks on six other types of merchandise, which are under-exploited: organic rice, silk, cashew 

nuts, heveaculture and tourism (Cambodge Soir, n° 2700, Friday 12 th January 2007). 

17.7 million people visited the Kingdom of Cambodia in 2006 (+20% compared to 2005), they 

have spent about 87 USD per day and stayed an average of 6 days. Koreans are the main 

visitors, in front of Japanese and Americans; French visitors are in tenth place (Cambodge Soir, 

n° 2695, Friday 5 th January 2007). 

In 2006, the population of Cambodia is of 14 million inhabitants, of whom 43% are under 15 

years old. 8 inhabitants on 10 live in rural areas. The second census, planned for March 2008, 

will be computerized and more reliable than the previous one in 1998. 

Despite good economic prospects, ambassadors from donor countries are very critical of 

the government, principally regarding its lack of political willingness about fighting against 

corruption and legal reform. The organization Amnesty International is concerned about Humans 

Rights’ situation in Cambodia. It has emphasized that the Cambodian government failed to honor 

its commitments in 2005. Apart from arrests and threats against activists of civil society, an 

increasing number of ordinary citizens are also affected by the deterioration in Humans Rights in 

Cambodia. Land conflicts rise and the provincial people continue to become impoverished 

because of industrial concessions granted by the authorities on their lands. Amongst the 40% of 

the population living under poverty line, i.e. with less than 1 USD per day, 90% live in the 

provinces. Villages are deprived of their means of livelihood by societies tied to the country’s big 

families who take their lands as well as an abusive use of natural resources and other public 

property, all done in indifference not to say with the government’ s support. 

In addition, the government’s interventions regarding the legal system continue to weaken the 

independence and integrity of the law. 

The impunity culture protects only the ones who have power and influent relationships. 

It’s in this context that Krousar Thmey tries to compensate for the lack of interest and 

involvement from the government regarding child welfare, access to education for all and 

cultural and artistic development. 

4

KROUSAR THMEY, 

A FAMILY OF OVER 4,000

General presentation of Krousar Thmey 

A. Krousar Thmey’s philosophy for the last 15 years 

Krousar Thmey (« New Family » in Khmer) is the first Cambodian foundation assisting 

deprived children. Non-political and non-religious organization, it was established in Site II 

refugees’ camp (at the Thai border) in 1991 by Benoît Duchâteau-Arminjon. 

Krousar Thmey gives deprived children material, educational and social support in 

harmony with their environment and respecting their traditions and beliefs. This assistance aims 

to lead children towards a responsible adult life without creating privilege or dependency. 

For Krousar Thmey, participation and awareness of local partners as well as involvement 

of Cambodian public authorities in the programs are essential to attain sustainable development. 

Thus, all projects are run by Cambodians: more than 350 national are employed in the 

organization and the entire operational management is Cambodian. European volunteers are 

only in charge of communication and financial control; fundraising is carried out by volunteers 

from European branches of Krousar Thmey (France, Switzerland and United Kingdom). 

The funds are managed very rigorously: for 2006, the total expenditure was of 908 687 

USD and only about 4% of total donations covered administrative expenses. 

6

Overall view of the organization 

1 - THREE MAIN AREAS OF INTERVENTION 


Today, Krousar Thmey offers care to more than 1 100 children and supports nearly 3 200 

others through 28 activity centres and its 54 projects divided into three areas of intervention: 

- Child Welfare: since the beginning, Krousar Thmey takes care of deprived and abandoned 

children, providing them with educational, moral and cultural support and follows them until they 

become responsible and independent adults. 

- Educational and Schooling Support: Krousar Thmey allows deprived children, and more 

particularly deaf and blind children, to receive a specialized, high quality education completely 

free of charge. 

- Cultural and Artistic Development: Krousar Thmey’s objective is to allow children to 

rediscover Khmer culture, traditions and artistic expression, to get re-rooted in their own culture 

and to regain their identity and dignity. 

1 Street Children centre 

1 Village for widows 

1 Primary School 

2 - CENTRES ALLOVER THE COUNTRY 

SISOPHON 

1 Protection centre 

1 Prevention campaign 

1 School of Khmer Arts 

and Culture 

POIPET 

SIHANOUKVILLE 

2 Family Houses 

BATTAMBANG 

1 School for deaf children 

1 School for blind children 

1 Braille workshop 

1 Exhibition 


SIEM REAP 

PHNOM PENH 

1 Street Children centre 





1 Exhibition 

2 Street Children centres 




1 Kindergarten for deaf children 

1 Sign Language Committee 

1 TV News in Sign Language 



1 Advocacy programme 

KAMPONG CHAM 





7

3 - THOUSANDS OF CHILDREN, PROTECTED OR SUPPORTED 

CHILD WELFARE 


General table of statistics of all children protected or supported 

by Krousar Thmey at the end of December 2006 

Number of children living in one of Krousar Thmey’s centres 

(Street Children centres, Protection centres, Family Houses or 

Village of Poipet) 

« Outside cases » supported by Krousar Thmey 

(children reintegrated into their families but receiving support from 

Krousar Thmey) 

EDUCATIONAL AND SCHOOLING SUPPORT 

Number of schooled blind children 

(Krousar Thmey’s Schools or integrated classes) 

Number of schooled deaf children 

(Krousar Thmey’s Schools or integrated classes) 

Number of schooled children in disadvantaged area 

(Poipet Primary School) 

CULTURAL AND ARTISTIC DEVELOPMENT 

(School of Khmer arts and culture - Sisophon) 

Total number of children under Krousar Thmey’s 

protection 

(Street Children centres + Protection centres + Family Houses + Village of Poipet 

+Schools for deaf or blind children) 

Total number of children supported by Krousar Thmey 

(Outside cases + integrated classes + Poipet’s Primary School + School of arts) 

865 protected 

children 

426 

439 

2368 schooled 

children 

279 

723 

1,366 

1,131 schooled 

children 

1,113 

3,251 

8

4 - A FEW FINANCIAL DATAS 

Donations 

(including His 

Majesty and Mr 

Hun Sen) 4% 

Amis des 

Enf ants du 

Monde 7% 

Coordination 

6% 

Terre des 

Hommes 16% 

Main donors for 2006 

Krousar Thmey 

Cambodia 11% 

Aide et Action 

12% 


Self financing 

6% 


United Kingdom 

3% 


Sw itzerland 25% 

Breakdown of global expenses – Budget 2006* 

New 

investments 

14% 

Culture 

4% 

Administrative 

costs 

4% 

* All our accounts are checked by auditors from KPMG 

Education 

40% 


France 16% 

Child w elfare 

32% 

9

5 - KROUSAR THMEY CAMBODIA’S ORGANIZATION CHART 

President Founder 

Benoît DUCHATEAU-ARMINJON 

Technical support 

2 Assistants: CHENG Bunkheang, HEM Sangva followed by 

DAN Pisey 

1 Volunteer training in speech therapy: Veronique MONARD 

(1 Education Specialist for deaf children: Florin PINTO) 

1 Messenger: MOM Sophorn 

11 Parents 

Family 

Houses 

Direction 

Strategic management 

CHEAM Kosal 

Coordination 

1 Coordinator “Education for Handicapped 

Children” program 

NEANG Phalla 

5 Directors Blind and 

Deaf Schools 


Board of the foundation 

Benoît DUCHATEAU-ARMINJON, 1 representative from Krousar Thmey France, 1 representative from Krousar Thmey Switzerland, 2 staff representatives (NEANG Phalla, OUK Sinath), 

1 representative from Aide & Action (AUN Auray), 1 representative from SIPAR (HOK Sothik), BITH Chan, CHAU SUN Kerya, KAO Rithy 

1 Coordinator of the “Street 

Children” program 

SOK Phanna 

4 Directors 

Temporary 

Centres 

Educators 

+ Staff 

3 Directors 

Permanent 

Protection 

Centres 

Educators 

+ Staff 

CHILD WELFARE 

1 Director / 

coordinator 

Poipet Village 

and School 

Educators 

+ Staff 

1 Advocacy 

Officer 

Members of the Sign 

Language Committee 

Teachers 

+ Staff 

Staff of 3 Braille 

books workshops 


Finance 

1 Volunteer: Julie DUREPAIRE 

+ 1 Accountant: CHHOUN Sok 

+ 1 Accountant assistant: POV Kesor 

Communication 

2 Volunteers: Anaïs PAGES, Guillaume REZEAU 

followed by Anne BROGGI 

2 Khmer Staff: KHIEU Chetra, CHIN Prasith 

1 Coordinator 

Integrated 

Classes 

Teachers 

2 Staff 

exhibitions 

1 Guide 

+ Staff 

1 Director 

School of 

Khmer Arts 

and Culture 

Teachers 

+ Staff 

CULTURAL AND ARTISTIC 

DEVELOPMENT 

10


B. The significant events of 2006 for Krousar Thmey 

1 - KROUSAR THMEY CELEBRATES ITS 15 TH ANNIVERSARY DURING PRATCHUM 

NHEAT 

Every two years since 1998, the Family Party « Pratchum Nheat » gathers all Krousar 

Thmey staff, the children in care of the organization as well as the eldest, here to show their 

reintegration into society. This big family meeting, which lasts three days, aims to strengthen 

family values, bonds between adults and children and to reward the staff’s devotion. 

This year, the Family Party was an exceptional event for all of Krousar Thmey. Indeed, to 

celebrate the 15 th anniversary of the foundation, more than 1500 people including 1354 children 

from all over Cambodia reunited at the School for deaf and blind children of Kampong Cham, on 

April 6 th , 7 th and 8 th . The importance of the event was such that it was honored by the presence 

of His Majesty the King of Cambodia Norodom Sihamoni. 

Following a speech from the governor of Kampong Cham, Benoît Duchâteau-Arminjon, founder 

of Krousar Thmey spoke to the crowd. Firstly he expressed the honor of receiving the King; he 

then emphasized the successes of Krousar Thmey over its last 15 years of activities, the devotion 

of the staff and of the volunteers. However he also added that despite these successes, there 

are still many efforts to be made in order that no more children are mistreated, abandoned or 

without support and that they all receive an adapted education. 

After donating 2,000 USD, the King inaugurated the new building of Kampong Cham School. He 

visited an exhibition about Krousar Thmey and its different activities, as well as the new 

classrooms. The children then had the privilege of posing with the King for the group photo. 

Before leaving Kampong Cham at the end of the morning, His Majesty thanked again M. 

Duchâteau-Arminjon and Mrs. Cheam Kosal, the general director of Krousar Thmey. 

Beyond speeches, this important meeting has above all been a big party for the children. During 

three days, all sorts of games followed on: sack race, jug game (game where the children are 

blindfolded and have to break a suspended jug in order to collect all the sweets on the inside). 

To everyone’s delight, shows where also organized in the evening: traditional dances and music 

as well as shadow theatre performances. Boys and girls from the protection centres and from 

schools for deaf children performed on the dance shows. Blind children played traditional Khmer 

music while the children from the school of Arts and Culture of Sisophon delighted everyone with 

11


a shadow theatre show. Finally, a drawing contest was organized, where all the children had to 

represent a given theme. 

A «Pratchum Nheat» could not go without the general knowledge contest (544 questions in the 

form of multiple choice questionnaires). Two years ago, it was the blind pupils of Battambang 

and this year, it was those of Chbar Ampeou School who won the trophy. The trophy represents 

Queen Indradevi, the wife of Angkorian King Javaryaman VII, she is the symbol of intelligence 

and knowledge. The same pupils also won the singing and poems competitions. 

Although this family party was above all for the children, it was also the occasion to pay tribute 

to the staff, in particular to the most loyal. Benoît Duchâteau-Arminjon wanted to reward those 

who have been working for Krousar Thmey’s cause for over 10 years. In total, 37 employees 

received a « loyalty certificate » for their hard work within Krousar Thmey. 

Those three days were of celebrations and happiness to see again, or meet for the first time, 

members of this big family. 

2 - A YEAR FULL OF NEW PROJECTS 

a - TWO FAMILY HOUSES OPEN IN BATTAMBANG (ALSO CF. II – B – D) 

The family houses were created for the highly traumatized children (victims of serious 

abuse and violence, repatriated from Thailand’s jails, etc.) and for the youngest. The objective is 

to offer to these children a smallest structure in a stable environment and in harmony with 

Khmer values and traditions. A couple of Khmer parents are carefully recruited, trained and 

followed by Krousar Thmey in order to take care of ten children that they will bring up like their 

own. 

In September, two new family houses opened in Battambang. Therefore 14 children (8 in 

Battambang family house 1 and 6 in Battambang family house 2), orphans, abandoned or 

victims of traffic were able to start a better life and to find moral and familial bearings. 

b - THREE BLIND CHILDREN PASS THEIR FINAL EXAM 

On September the 2 nd 2006, three blind pupils of Chbar Ampeou School succeeded in 

their final exam: the national baccalaureate. This event is without precedent in the history of 

blinds in Cambodia. The exam papers had been translated in Braille in collaboration with the 

Ministry of Education and enable the three young men of 24 to enter for the exam. The three of 

12


them are now at the Royal University of Phnom Penh: Vibot and Sovannary study Khmer 

literature and Sothey English literature. 

The three graduates confide their feelings about the education they received in Krousar Thmey: 

Sothey is delighted with the development of the school and with the increase of schooled blind 

children. For him, one of the biggest successes of Krousar Thmey is the integration of blind 

children in public schools. As for Vibot, he takes pride in studying with the other children 

because he can show he is as competent of sighted people. Sovannary agrees with this point of 

view and adds that all children have the right to an education. 

c - AN IT CLASS FOR THE DEAF CHILDREN OF CHBAR AMPEOU 

Mastering IT is unquestionably an asset nowadays to integrate professional life. This is 

why the school for blind children of Chbar Ampeou acquired 10 computers this August. Only the 

pupils from Grade 7 to Grade 10 have started learning computer science because all the 

programs are in English. Thus, this year, 40 pupils follow IT training two hours per week. 

Regarding the lessons, pupils learn the essentials: getting used to the various components 

(mouse, keyboard…), word processing and managing their files (opening, saving, closing 

documents). It takes one to two months of training to learn the basics. 

This course is a new mean of communication and a path towards an « education for all ». 

d - EXTENSION OF KAMPONG CHAM SCHOOL 

This year, a two-storey building opened in Kampong Cham School. It was inaugurated by 

His Majesty the King Norodom Sihamoni during Krousar Thmey’s Pratchum Nheat in April. 

The first floor now welcomes 5 classrooms including a library. The library offers books in Khmer, 

English, Khmer Braille and English Braille. The pupils’ timetable has been arranged so that each 

of them is able to spend one hour a week in the library. It is planned to install a television with a 

video recorder in order to broadcast sign language programmes. 

Another 5 classrooms are upstairs; two of those rooms are turned into dormitories at night. 

e - PSYCHOLOGY TRAINING COURSE 

Even if physical or mental suffering is not seen the same in Cambodia than in the 

Western world, it doesn’t mean that psychology is less important. 

Last December, a French psychologist, Maximilien Peron, spoke to 35 employees of Krousar 

Thmey: directors, assistants, educators and mothers from family houses. The aim of this three- 

13


day training was to improve the participants’ capacity to take care of children with psychological 

problems, by giving them the means to answer adequately to critical situations. They learnt to 

distinguish the different mental illnesses, their symptoms, the sufferings they create and the 

attitude to adopt. 

Members of the training show a lot of interest to this introduction to psychology and to problems’ 

resolution. The meeting was very interactive: everyone participated by asking questions, 

presenting their own problems and discussing with others about the difficulties they encounter in 

their work. 

A more in-depth training is scheduled some time in 2007. 

f - THE COOKBOOK 

Thanks to Nathalie Fagniez from Singapore, the Cookbook was born in 2006. This recipe book 

was made by children for children and sold to the benefits of the children of Krousar Thmey. 

Recipes come from all over the world and are written both in English and in French. As for the 

drawings, they are the work of an ex-Krousar Thmey child, now art teacher at the School of 

Khmer Arts and Culture of Sisophon. 

14

C. Capacity building 


For more than 15 years, Krousar Thmey has been managed by loyal employees. If at the 

beginning, in 1991, it was four people who were dealing with children at the refugees camps in 

Thailand, it is now more than 350 staff who work for the foundation. 

However, if Krousar Thmey wants to keep the quality standards, which defined the organization, 

it must make sure that the directors and employees have the necessary means to answer the 

new needs and challenges. Indeed, in a civil society at its early stages and where NGOs only 

have about a dozen year experience, there is still a lot to be learned on management and skills. 

Krousar Thmey is one of the first NGOs created in Cambodia to have « Khmerized »: since 

September 2006, the Ministry of the Interior has recognized the NGO as local. It is therefore all 

the more important that the Khmer employees learn to manage efficiently all the different 

projects in the aim to run the NGO without outside help. 

Since the beginning, strengthening of skills has been of the highest importance as well as staff 

efficiency, thus of the global functioning of Krousar Thmey and its programmes. For example, 

employees in charge of the programme for deaf and blind children are often sent to Thailand or 

the Philippines in order to learn new teaching methods. This training has to be done in more 

experienced countries given that Krousar Thmey is the sole entity in Cambodia educating deaf 

and blind children. 

Krousar Thmey makes sure of its staff’s capacities by organizing meetings on precise subjects 

and by recruiting consultants either in universities or in private firms. It also offers English 

lessons to some employees so that they can improve their linguistic skills and be able to 

communicate with neighbouring countries. 

Lastly, Krousar Thmey organizes internal meetings where programmes coordinators inform the 

rest of the staff about the current matters. 

15

CHILD WELFARE 

16

NATURE OF THE 

PROGRAMMES 

4 temporary centres 

for street children 

3 permanent 

protection centres 

11 family houses 

Summary table of Krousar Thmey’s programmes as of December 2006 

with starting dates and main partners 

NAME OR LOCATION OF 

THE PROGRAMMES 

CHILD WELFARE 

MAIN PURPOSE 

Child Welfare 

STARTING 

DATE 

Psar Depot (PPenh) 

> Offer temporary shelter to street children. 

> Help them to stabilize themselves and provide them with basic 

1993 

Chamkar Morn (PPenh) education and moral instruction. 

> Find, with them, a long-term solution: reintegration into their 

1997 

Poïpet families, welcome in a Krousar Thmey structure or advise them 

towards vocational training. 

1996 

Siem Reap 

2002 

MAIN PARTNERS 

IN 2006 

TdH G, Promesse, 

E&P, KT S 

AEM, Promesse, 

KT F, KT S 

La Noria, KT F, 

UNWG 

KT F, KT S, KT UK, 

LFS 

Siem Reap > Offer a new home to deprived children. 

> Ensure an education in the nearest public school, provide moral 

1992 KT F, LFS 

Takhmao 

Sisophon 

instruction and ensure support for schooling. 

> Promote Khmer traditions through cultural activities, opened to 

all children from the neighbourhood. 

1993 

1993 

AEM, KT F, KT S, 

private 

KT F, KT 

UK,UNWG, 

URIOPSS 

Tuk Thla (Phnom 

Penh) 

1996 

AEM, KT F, KT S, 

GV 

Prek Kat (Takhmao) 

Kpop Veng (Takhmao) 

1999 

1999 

KT F, KT S, GV 

Siem Reap 1 2001 

KT S, GV 

Siem Reap 2 > Offer a new family to former street children and victims of 

2001 

Kampong Cham 1 


trafficking. 

> In each family house, a couple of Khmer parents take care of 10 

children. 

2002 

2003 

AEM 

KT S 

Sihanoukville 1 > Ensure education in the nearest public school, provide moral 2004 KT F, KT S, AEM 

instruction and strong emotional support. 

Sihanoukville 2 2004 KT F, KT S, private 

Battambang 1 2006 private 

Battambang 2 

1 village 25 houses in Poïpet 

1 prevention 

campaign 

Campaign against child 

trafficking and 

prostitution 

> Welcome widowed or abandoned women with their children and 

offer them a small house and a piece of land. 

> Raise awareness about child trafficking and prostitution in 

remote areas of Banteay Meanchey province (border with 

Thailand). 

AEM = Amis des Enfants du Monde 

E&P = Enfance et Partage 

GV = Global Village 

KT F / S / UK = Krousar Thmey France / Switzerland / United Kingdom 

LFS = Lycée Français de Singapour 

Private = Private donors 

TDH G = Terre des Hommes Germany 

UNWG = United Nations Women's Guilde 

URIOPSS = Union Régionale Interfédérale des Organismes Privés Sanitaires et Sociaux 

2006 AEM 

1996 

La Noria, KT F, 

UNWG 

1998 TdH G, KT F 

17

A. Situation of street children in Cambodia 

Child Welfare 

Despite international aid from various NGOs as well as the progress from the Cambodian 

government, poverty, corruption and non-respect of human rights are still present in this 

country. Unfortunately, children are the most affected because of their vulnerability. In 

consequence, thousands of children live in the streets left by themselves. 

The number of street children in Phnom Penh was estimated between 8,000 and 10,000 in 2006; 

and most of them are between 5 and 17 years-old. These statistics were carried out by a joint 

work between the Ministry of Social Affairs and three NGOs: Friends, Hagar and Krousar Thmey. 

This figure decreases every year but this is mostly due to the raids organized by the authorities. 

The Cambodian government seems mainly preoccupied by the negative effects on tourism: 

before every national holiday or every mass arrival of international visitors, a kind of children 

« hunt » is carried out to take the children outside of the city. The police either drop them on 

roads or worst in detention centres. This is a ruse from the government to lower down the 

statistics and to show a more modern, in full expansion, Cambodia to the tourists (main income 

of the country). Street children are forced to hide not to be caught. 

Consequently, statistics show an important decreasing of street children in Phnom Penh but an 

impressive increase of them in Poipet (Khmer-Thai border) and in Siem Reap. Street children 

concentrate themselves in the most touristic areas in order to support their families. It is above 

all a way to survive in a Cambodia where 40% of the population lives under poverty level. 

The higher risk for street children is child trafficking, often linked to physical, sexual and 

emotional abuses from the police, pedophiles (Khmers or foreigners) and also from the 

restaurants and shop owners where the children beg. 

Moreover there is the phenomenon of drug use, which increases each year due to the low cost 

of a tube of glue, tablets (less than USD1!) and heroin. Completely disorientated and under the 

influence of drugs all day, the children become more and more violent and hard to stabilize. 

Exploitation of this malaise from the « Bang Thoms » is also a danger. Those gang leaders often 

pay the children to fight with other children from other gangs. But also the exploitation from 

adults who make the children work in touristic areas and who pay them with a little money, food 

or drug. 

This is where the action of Krousar Thmey is essential to get a maximum of children out of the 

streets. 

18

B. Krousar Thmey’s intervention 

1 - THE ASSISTANCE TO DEPRIVED CHILDREN PROGRAMME 

Child Welfare 

This programme principally aims at giving children in difficulties the chance to stabilize 

themselves in temporary or permanent centres in order to reintegrate society. It starts with 

learning familial, moral and cultural values as well as school education. The children are followed 

until they become responsible and independent adults, capable of having their own family. 

The intervention process put in place by Krousar Thmey starts in the streets. Educators get in 

touch with the street children to provide first aid, advice and to try convincing them to come to 

the temporary centres. Krousar Thmey teams then examine their familial situation and story to 

find a long-term solution with them. 

Krousar Thmey’s philosophy is that family is the best possible environment for a child to grow up 

and blossom. This is why reintegration of a child into his own family is always the first thought 

solution. If this is not possible (abandoned or neglected children, orphans…), the child is 

orientated towards one of Krousar Thmey’s permanent structure where daily life is modeled on 

Khmer familial lifestyle. It can be: 

- Protection centres where children receive both formal and informal education and learn how to 

live in communal life again. 

- Family houses for traumatized children and the youngest which welcome 10 children of Krousar 

Thmey, taken care of by a couple of Khmer parents with their own children. 

- Vocational training which gives the oldest an opportunity to learn a trade. 

The child has to be motivated and every step he takes towards a better future is talked 

thoroughly with Krousar Thmey. 

19

Functioning 

a - 4 STREET CHILDREN CENTRES 

Number of children in the 4 street children centres at the end of December 2006 

TOTAL number 

of children 

Psar Depot Chamkar Mon Poïpet Siem Reap 

35 40 26 26 

Of whom girls 12 13 4 13 

Child Welfare 

Most of the street children live of begging. They wander all day long, mainly around the 

markets in order to find food and little money. Some of them choose to work to survive; they are 

newsvendors, shoe-shine boys, porters at the market… 

These children are faced to many difficulties due to the instability of their situation. Firstly, 

because of the lack of hygiene, they are often sick and cannot get treated, which makes things 

worse. Drugs also aggravate their condition. Their little incomes are squandered on drugs such 

as glue, which has euphoriant effects. It allows them to work more, without feeling hungry or 

tired. However it makes them quite violent too. Fights between rival gangs or even children of a 

same gang are frequent. Indeed, street children are often grouped into gangs and have to 

submit themselves to « Bang Thoms » (« Big Brother » in Khmer), gang leaders who decree 

their own laws and tell each child their precise role. Within those groups, the children help each 

other in their daily tasks, share food and drugs. 

This is in this context that our educators get in touch with street children, a few times per 

week, during visits often by night. When the educators bring children to one of the temporary 

centres, they are welcome usually for six months so that they have time to become stable. 

During this time, the educators look for all the reasons that pushed those children into the 

streets: poverty, familial problems, physical or sexual abuses, trafficking… 

They also make enquiries about the financial, social and moral situation of the family. Then they 

will decide, case by case, whether the children can be reintegrated. 

The street children centres allow the children to access to an elementary school education and to 

be taught notions on morale, health and hygiene. The objective is to keep the children occupied 

all day so that they don’t think of their past life in the streets and don’t get tempted to go back. 

Thus, many activities make up a busy timetable with: singing, dancing, reading of traditional 

tales, games of all kinds, participation in daily chores such as cooking and cleaning, exchange 

sessions on child’s rights, prevention on health and drugs… 

20

Child Welfare 

In the temporary centres, the children are free to leave when they want. For about half of them, 

freedom of the streets and drug habits are more attractive than the prospect of studying or 

learning a trade to build a better future for themselves. 

482 arrivals in one of the 4 street 

children centres 

92 children coming to the 

centre regularly* 

390 children coming to the 

centre for the first time 

Ins and Outs in the 4 street children centres for 2006 

*children coming regularly are counted only on their first stay in the centre. 

Many of the children chose to leave only after a few day stay (sometimes a few hours) in a 

temporary centre. According to Mr. Sok Phanna, coordinator of the street children programme, 

the main reason why these children return to the streets is because they cannot yield to the 

centre’s discipline. For them, the street is a world of freedom without any restraint or authority. 

Some do not see the point of studying: the children often come from illiterate families. Finally, 

others cannot resist the appeal of drugs. 

An average of 120 

children living in 

one of the 4 

centres per 

month. 

� an average of 

30 children per 

centre per month 

In each centre, a staff meeting occurs once a week to discuss the problems encountered with 

the children but also to plan the work outline of the weeks to come. 

468 departures of one of the 4 street 

children centres 

237 children went back to the 

streets 

147 children reintegrated their 

family 

51 children were sent in one of 

our permanent structure 

27 children sent to other NGO 

1 child went to live 

in a pagoda 

4 children started working 

1 child was hospitalized 

21

Rate in % of returns to the streets and family reintegrations in 2006 

(out of the total number of departures from the street children centres) 

80 

60 

40 

20 

0 

Psar Depot Chamkar Morn Poipet Siem Reap 

Back to the streets % 37 50 58 56 

Family reintegration % 58 36 27 4 

Child Welfare 

The highest statistics of returns to the streets affect primarily the street children centres of 

Poïpet (58%) and Siem Reap (56%). This is due to the proximity with Thailand and its work 

opportunities, which attract Khmer families but also to the flood of tourists in Siem Reap, which 

give to children the means to earn money easily by begging in the temples or selling little 

souvenirs. In 2006, about half of the children from the temporary centres returned to the 

streets. It shows a decrease of 15% in comparison with the year 2005: this is partly explained by 

a growing number of family reintegrations. 

Indeed, the family reintegrations rate has gone from 24% in 2005 to more than 31% for 2006. 

The highest number is recorded in Phnom Penh where families flow to in the hope of finding 

work. Unfortunately, most of them find themselves quickly disillusioned by the harsh reality of 

the city. In those cases, Krousar Thmey offers them, if necessary, a material or financial support 

and in exchange the families go back to their native villages and send their children to school. 

Regarding the family reintegrations rate in Siem Reap, it only just reaches 4%. 

In 2006… 

Krousar Thmey encourages capacity building, which plays a predominant role in the 

development of activities in the centres. Therefore this year, directors and their assistants from 

the street children centres participated to many congresses: a seminar on the « Protection and 

reintegration of children and women at risk » organized by the Ministry of Social Affairs; one on 

health and hygiene put together by the International Centre for Cooperation; one on Child’s 

Rights and also the Global Campaign for Education. They also all took part in a child’s psychology 

training in December, organized by Krousar Thmey in the Takhmao protection centre. 

22

Child Welfare 

Every month, directors and educators from street children centres attend three meetings: one on 

Child’s Rights, another on street children (in collaboration with NGOs Friends and World Vision) 

and one regarding the centres’ management. 

During the big family party of Pratchum Nheat, the children of Psar Depot got second place in 

the general knowledge competition, just behind the blind pupils of Chbar Ampeou. 

This year, the children participated in the Children International Day march and also in the 

prevention campaign against drugs organized by the NGO Friends. 

A 14 year-old boy from the street children centre of Siem Reap had heart surgery in July at 

Calmette hospital in Phnom Penh. All went well and Lak Long is now being followed every month 

by the Angkor Children hospital. According to doctors, his health is good and the scar on his 

thorax is fading gradually. 

Functioning 

b - 439 OUTSIDE CASES 

Krousar Thmey gives priority to the children’s reintegration into their own families 

because it is simply the best environment for them to grow up. However the family situation is 

often the same than when the child left and ended up in the streets. Main reasons are poverty 

and neglect from the parents; Krousar Thmey then tries to find solutions to re-create a decent 

living environment for the family. It is though necessary to first carry out a meticulous 

investigation on the family in order to rule out any doubts on child violence, abuses or risk of 

child trafficking. In addition, the reintegration cannot happen without the consent from both the 

family and the child. 

Once the reintegration of a child is possible, an agreement is signed between the family, Krousar 

Thmey and a representative of the Ministry of Social Affairs. These children then become 

« outside cases » and Krousar Thmey helps, if necessary, the family by giving them a financial or 

material support and in exchange, the parents commit to send their child to school. This support 

can either be punctual or regular depending on the familial situation and this until the child 

becomes autonomous. A rigorous follow-up is ensured by the educators to make sure that the 

living conditions of the child, his behaviour, health and schooling are good. If this is not 

respected, Krousar Thmey stops the support and may consider taking the child to one of the 

centres with his parents’ agreement. 

23

TOTAL 

number 

of 

children 

Number of outside cases as of the end of December 2006 

Psar Depot Chamkar 

Morn 

Poïpet Siem Reap 

street 

children 

centre 

Child Welfare 

Sisophon Siem Reap 

protection 

centre 

439 73 117 65 21 101 62 

In 2006… 

Number and origin of the children reintegrated in their families in 2006 

As mentioned earlier, it is harder to get children from Siem Reap out of the streets, it is 

also more difficult to stabilize them. Only 4 children from the Siem Reap street children centre 

have been reintegrated into their families in 2006, in contrast to 107 street children from Phnom 

Penh. 

c - 3 PROTECTION CENTRES 

Number of children in the 3 protection centres as of December 2006 

Total number 

of children 

Chamcar Mon 

46 

Psar Depot 

61 

Siem Reap 

4 

Poipet 

36 

Takhmao Siem Reap Sisophon 

43 49 37 

Of whom girls 13 22 10 

Total number of reintegrations 2006 : 147 

24

Functioning 

Child Welfare 

Protection centres were the first structures built in Cambodia by Krousar Thmey, 

originally to meet the needs of accommodating the children after the repatriation from Site II 

refugees’ camp near the Thai border. 

When a family reintegration is not possible, the children are directed to permanent centres until 

they become independent. About forty children live there in accordance to Khmer lifestyle. 

Despite the important number of children, affective contacts and individual exchanges are 

favoured. The common philosophy of the three centres is to help children to grow up as 

responsible adults and to blossom while instiling them moral and social values. Every child of 

school age goes to the nearest public school. Every evening, they also attend remedial courses 

of Khmer, Mathematics and English in the aim to complete the education received during the 

day. 

Moreover, like in all Khmer families, the children contribute to the daily life of the centre by 

participating in the chores: cooking, cleaning, upkeep of the garden and the animals… They also 

revive with Khmer traditions thanks to cultural activities like dance, music and shadow theatre. 

These activities as well as hampering the development of the children, aim at preserving Khmer 

culture by passing it on to young generations. 

31 arrivals in one of the 3 protection 

centres 

7 children coming from one 

of the street children 

centres of Phnom Penh 

10 children coming from 

Siem Reap street children 

centre 


Poipet street children centre 

7 others 

Ins and Outs for 2006 in the 3 protection centres 

An average of 43 

children per 

protection centre. 

44 departures of one of the 3 

protection centres 

6 children went to live with one 

family member 

12 children integrated in a 

family house 

5 children escaped 

9 children in 

vocational training 

4 children started working and 

are now autonomous 

8 others 

25

Child Welfare 

The children are dispatched in the centres in the province they come from in order to give them 

some stability. Thus, Siem Reap protection centre principally welcomes children from Siem Reap 

street children centre; the Sisophon centre welcomes children from Poïpet; and the Takhmao 

centre, children from Psar Depot and Chamkar Morn. 

Most of the children leaving the protection centres are integrated into a family house. This is 

mainly due to the opening of the two houses in Battambang. 

In 2006… 

All the children from the protection centres went to Kampong Cham for the Family party 

of Pratchum Nheat. Children from Siem Reap protection centre arrived in third place at the 

general knowledge competition, behind the blind children of Chbar Ampeou and the street 

children of Psar Depot centre. 

This year, all the children from the protection centre also participated in the Children 

International Day in Phnom Penh, on the 1st of June. 

d - 11 FAMILY HOUSES 

Number of children in the 11 family houses as of December 2006 

House KV PK TT SR1 SR2 KC1 KC2 SHV 1 SHV2 BTG 1 BTG 2 


Children 

9 9 10 12 10 9 10 10 8 8 6 

Couple's Children 2 2 2 1 3 4 1 1 2 1 2 

Total 11 11 12 13 13 13 11 11 10 9 8 

KV: Kpop Veng PK: Prek Kat TT: Tuk Thla SR: Siem Reap 

Functioning 

KC: Kampong Cham SHV: Sihanoukville BTG: Battambang 

The family houses are smaller structures and therefore allow a better more individualized 

caring for most traumatized and younger children. A couple of Khmer parents with their own 

children are entrusted with the care of 10 Krousar Thmey children and bring them up like their 

own. Those small reassuring structures allow the children to regain moral and familial bearings. 

26

Child Welfare 

Family houses are always located in villages near from main cities, though far enough from the 

city centre and its activities. The plot allows the children to play but also to grow vegetables and 

fruits and to breed animals for the need of the family. Two houses are always built together in 

the same area, so that the parents are able to help each other if needed. They are designed on 

the same model, on three levels. There are one large living area, a kitchen, one bedroom and 

two shower rooms on the ground floor. On the first floor, there is a bedroom for the girls and 

another room where the little ones sleep; the last level is used by the boys. The children, like all 

Cambodian children, sleep on a mat with a mosquito net. 

There is no sign of Krousar Thmey on the houses, so that the children feel fully integrated in 

their new family and neighbourhood and lead a normal life. 

Statistics 2006 of children arriving in the family houses 


Sisophon protection centre 


Chamkar Morn street 

children centre 


Siem Reap street children 

centre 


Poïpet street children centre 

28 children 

integrated into a 

family house in 

2006 

2 in Tuk Thla 

1 in Prek Kat 

5 in Kampong Cham I 

2 in Siem Reap I 

1 in Siem Reap II 

3 in Sihanoukville II 

8 in Battambang I 

6 in Battambang II 

27

Statistics 2006 of children leaving one of the family houses 

Child Welfare 

This year, the family houses have welcomed 28 children; half of the arrivals are due to the 

opening of Battambang I and II. 

Most of the departures relate to children either working or following a vocational training. Two 

boys are being trained as welders and two girls are learning dressmaking. Amongst the young 

people who are now independent, one works at a hotel in Sihanoukville and the other is in the 

building trade. 

3 children left from Tuk 

Thla 

1 child left from Prek Kat 

3 children left from 

Kampong Cham I 

2 children left from Siem 

Reap I 


Sihanoukville II 


Battambang I 

Two children from the family house of Kampong Cham I were reintegrated into their family 

following a meticulous investigation. 

13 children left a 

family house in 

2006 

However despite efforts from the parents, some of the children find it difficult to get used to 

their new life and above all to forget their past life. This year, four teenagers ran away from the 

family houses of Kampong Cham I, Sihanoukville II and Battambang I. When Krousar Thmey 

finds them again, the educators try to support these troubled young people and advise them for 

their future life, so that they become responsible and autonomous. 

4 children sent to vocational 

training 

2 children started working and 

are now autonomous 

4 children escaped 

3 children reintegrated or 

adopted by a Cambodian family 

28

In 2006… 

Child Welfare 

The main event for the year 2006 has been the building and opening, in September, of 

the two family houses in Battambang. 

Mr. Sok Phanna interviewed many parents who applied for the position. Early August, he finally 

decided on two motivated and dynamic families. In family house I, it is the Tol family. The father 

is a primary teacher and is also educator in the villages for the NGO Enfants et Développement. 

The mother is a former kindergarten teacher and now a dressmaker at home. They have a 6 

year-old son. 

In family house II, it is the Dang family who takes care of the children. They have two sons aged 

2 and 4. Mr. and Mrs. Dang both used to work in the textile industry, but since they have moved 

to Battambang, Mr. Dang has not yet found a job. 

Both couples were trained for one week at the street children centre of Chamkar Morn in Phnom 

Penh. They also spent some time at the family house of Kpop Veng located in the south-east of 

Phnom Penh. 

Various events happened in 2006 for the family houses: 

- In April, all the children went to Kampong Cham to celebrate the 15 th anniversary of Krousar 

Thmey. Three of the children from Kpop Veng participated in the general knowledge competition 

and arrived fifth out of 21 groups. 

- In November, children from Kpop Veng also went in Sihanoukville for a week-end with their 

mum and the director of Krousar Thmey, Mrs. Cheam Kosal. They were so happy that they spent 

the whole two days in the water. 

- Both families from Kampong Cham rented a van to go to Phnom Santouk, a mountain located 

in Kampong Thom province. Those few days away allowed the children to play outdoors and to 

get out of their routine. 

- Prek Kat house was finally connected to the village’s drinking water system in July; and the 

roof of the kitchen was completely redone following the damages caused by the last rainy 

season. 

- Some of the children from Tuk Thla participated in the Children International Day in June. 

- In December, the mums from all the family houses took part in a three-day seminar on child 

psychology, organized by Krousar Thmey in Takhmao protection centre. 

- A few children from the family houses are in a bilingual class: Khmer and French. This program 

was initiated by the Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie (French-Speaking University 

29

Child Welfare 

Agency) in 1994. It includes about 100 classes for around 3,000 pupils in all of Cambodia. 88% 

of these pupils are in the provinces. Unfortunately, the Bilingual Classes programme asks for a 

financial contribution. The parents have to pay 15 USD per child and per year. However the 

results at the exams are impressive and well above national level. 

Functioning 

e - THE PREVENTION CAMPAIGN AGAINST CHILD TRAFFICKING AND PROSTITUTION 

Activities in 2006 

Theatre play against trafficking Distribution 

15 performances 

3,250 estimated spectators 

(2 nd semester) 

2,642 posters distributed 

705 brochures distributed 

In order to react against child trafficking and prostitution problems, Krousar Thmey had 

taken up the direct fight by participating in the dismantling of traffickers’ networks and by 

making the main actors appear in court. However this head-on fight proved to be too dangerous 

for the staff but also for the children under the care of Krousar Thmey. Therefore in 1998 the 

organization decided to tackle this scourge in a different way: prevention. The objective of the 

prevention campaign is to inform and increase the communities’ awareness about dangers of 

child prostitution and trafficking, but also to warn them against easy money. A theatre troupe 

travels all over remote provinces of Cambodia, once or twice a month to inform the poor and 

often illiterate population on the methods used by traffickers and the risked sentences. 

The actors in the play are pupils from the School of Khmer Arts and Culture in Sisophon. Because 

they are volunteers and they spend many hours rehearsing and traveling, Krousar Thmey offers 

in compensation all the school materials they need, English lessons as well as 10 USD per month 

for the best two pupils who study at university. The troupe is renewed each year due to the fact 

that the oldest leave the school. 

The young people present a tragicomic theatre play about young girls’ trafficking and 

prostitution. They put forward the subterfuges used by traffickers to attract their victims. They 

also perform traditional dances and music in the aim to promote Khmer culture in Cambodia’s 

remote areas. 

At the end of the show, the actors hand out posters, which illustrate, in a simple and 

understandable way, the main themes of the play. Booklets are also distributed since 2006. 

30

Child Welfare 

Since the start of the project, performances took place in more than 300 villages and over 

100,000 posters and 700 booklets have been distributed. 

In 2006… 

Fifteen performances took place this year, seven of which in the first semester. The eight 

performances of the second semester attracted over 3,250 spectators. 

About 2,600 posters and 700 booklets have been distributed. The two novelties of this year are 

the posters including a 2007 calendar and the booklets. The objective of the poster-calendars is 

to bring a more attractive touch to the given information. We hope that the spectators will hang 

those posters in their house as they can be used for a whole year. As for the booklets 

« Together let’s fight against child trafficking in Cambodia », they illustrate: the promises from 

the traffickers to the parents (finding a job for the child, a life abroad, marrying a rich man), 

reality (prostitution and forced labour), who to go to if it happens (police, teachers, doctors, 

monks, NGOs) and the sentences risked by the traffickers (10 to 15 years in prison or even 15 to 

20 years if the victims are under 15). 

The troupe waste a lot of precious time at the beginning of the year owing to the breakdown of 

the van. It needed much repairs: roads of Bantey Meanchey province are in a sorry state and 

dust and mud, depending on the season, don’t help. Many parts had to be replaced in Sisophon 

and some had to be sent and repaired in Battambang. 

Functioning 

f - POÏPET VILLAGE 

Number of people living in the village as of December 2006 

Number of families Number of children 

18 69 

At the border of Cambodia and Thailand is Poïpet, town of extremes. Casinos and 

shantytowns are side by side in this town where militaries have control over all plots of land. 

They are the main owners and decide of the allocation of lands. 

In 1996, Krousar Thmey created, amongst shantytowns, a small village to offer a new life to 

widowed or abandoned women with children. Each one receives a small wooden house with a 

plot of land to grow fruits and vegetables and keep chickens. In return, they have to work and 

31

Child Welfare 

put their children to school. Krousar Thmey pays for the uniforms and stationary and writing 

materials. Most of these women had the opportunity to leave the streets allowing their children 

to have a decent and healthy life, far from urban temptations and hustle. 

The village is made up of 25 houses for the families and of the street children centre of Poïpet. 

Children and young people’s activities in the village in 2006 

Schooled 

children 

Young person on 

vocational training 

Young people working 

In 

In 

Cambodia Thailand 

Others 

32 1 22 11 3 

46% of the children living in the village are schooled. 32% work in Cambodia, mainly on market 

stalls or for Poïpet’s casino. In spite of the village director’s intervention, some of the children do 

not want to go to school and prefer wandering, begging or collecting garbage to earn some 

money. 

In 2006… 

The barbed wire fence surrounding the village had to be completely replaced because the 

neighbours took liberties to cross the village by foot or by car to get to their houses. 

Every year during the rainy season, the village is flooded destroying plantations and damaging 

the houses. The rain must be drained off but at the same time kept for irrigation for the dry 

season. The town of Poïpet has started sewage works but the village is not connected for the 

time being. 

The plot of the village was given to Krousar Thmey by the government and an agreement with 

the Ministry of Social Affairs was signed. In order to give the families a sense of responsibility 

and to help them in the long term, Krousar Thmey plans to transfer the title deed of the plot 

they have been living on for more than ten years. Because it is feared that the families will 

resale the plot once they are the owners, the title deed’s transfer has still not come into effect as 

of 2006. A family from the village living near the road can hope receiving 60,000 USD for its plot 

while a house set back from the road will sell for 50,000 USD. 

32

EDUCATIONAL AND 

SCHOOLING SUPPORT 

33

Education for handicapped children 

NATURE OF THE 

PROGRAMMES 

3 Braille 

bookmaking 

workshops 

1 Sign language 

committee 

4 schools for 

blind children 

4 schools for 

deaf children 

42 integrated 

classes for blind 

or deaf children 

2 advocacy 

programmes 

1 school for deprived 

children 

Educational and Schooling Support 






MAIN PURPOSE 

STARTING 

DATE 

PARTNERS IN 2006 

Chbar Ampeou (PPenh) 

Battambang 

> Create adapted teaching tools. 

> Translate and edit in Braille the requested school books. 

1994 

2002 

KT F, Promesse, 

Johnson Foundation 

KT F, KT S 

Kampong Cham 

> Create the Khmer Sign language, adapted to the Khmer 

2004 

D&L 

Chbar Ampeou (PPenh) culture. 

> Give to deaf Cambodian a mean to communicate. 

1996 A&A 

TDH N, Promesse, 

Chbar Ampeou (PPenh) 1994 On-Net, D&L, KT F, 

BE 

Battambang 

Siem Reap 

Kampong Cham 

> Give a formal education conform to the National Education 

curriculum to handicapped children. 

> Strengthen the specialized teachers’ skills. 

> Inform the families of the opportunities for their children’s 

1996 

2001 

2002 

TDH N, On-Net, BE, 

KT F 

KT S, On-Net, 

private, BE 

D&L, On-Net, BE 

Chbar Ampeou (PPenh) 

Battambang 

education and social integration. 

> Improve attitudes towards the handicapped. 

1997 

2000 

A&A, KT F, KT S 

TDH N, KT S, 

private 

Siem Reap 2000 KT F, KT S 

Kampong Cham 

2002 KT F 

Battambang (2) 

Kampong Cham (7) 

Kampong Thom (2) 

Kandal (1) 

Prey Veng (2) 

Pursat (6) 

Siem Reap (2) 

Sihanoukville (6) 

Svay Rieng (5) 

Takeo (1) 

Kampong Speu (7) 

Kampot (1) 

Broadcasting of a Sign 

language TV 

programme 

Advocacy nationwide 

A&A = Aide et Action 

BE = British Embassy 

D&L = Dark and Light Blind Care 

KT F/S = Krousar Thmey France/Switzerland 

Private = Private donors 

TDH N = Terre des Hommes Netherlands 

> Integrated class = specialized class for blind or deaf children, 

integrated in a public provincial school. 

> Allow handicapped children to have an access to education 

while staying in their families. 

> Involve local authorities and the community to improve the 

integration of handicapped children. 

> Make the mentalities evolve towards handicapped children. 

> Extend the network of integrated classes for handicapped 

children. 

> Increase the government’s commitment in education 

programmes for deaf or blind children. 

> Make the families and the Cambodian population aware of the 

opportunities for those children to receive an education and to 

be integrated into the society. 

2001 

(5 new in 

2006) 

A&A 

D&L 

2004 A&A 

Poïpet school > Offer a free education to deprived children. 1997 A&A, KT F 

34

C. Education in Cambodia in 2006 


In Cambodia, the government's education policy is to reach a 100% rate of children in 

full-time education by 2015: it is the programme « Education for All » launched by the ONU in 

2000. 

While the standard of education in primary schools is satisfactory (92% of children between 6 

and 11), the one of secondary school (35% of children between 11 and 18), mainly in remote 

areas, is insufficient. Quality of education in Cambodia as well as geographical coverage remains 

main concerns. 

The country faces a lack of school facilities, of teachers and overcrowded classes; this 

leads to an ineffectiveness of the system and frequently, pupils give up. 

Currently, there are a total of 6063 primary schools and secondary schools in Cambodia. The 

lack of teachers, mainly due to low salaries and to appalling work conditions, results in 

overcrowded classes: an average of 41 pupils per class. Furthermore, teachers often extort 

money from their students before the start of the lessons. For many families living in the 

countryside, this tax for education makes up the most important cost from their annual 

revenues; it depicts a significant barrier for the schooling of children. To remedy education 

problems in Cambodia, it is necessary to lower the expenses caused by the schooling to enable 

the poorest families to send their children to school. The internal efficiency of the educational 

system also has to be improved in order for the pupils to reach a minimum level of instruction. 

The rate of students from grades 1 and 2 repeating a year is particularly high: respectively 41% 

and 25%. Moreover, the girls in secondary schools represent only a third of the pupils; most of 

them drop out of school to face up their familial responsibilities. 

Krousar Thmey’s objective is therefore to offer help to access education to deprived 

children and those living in remote areas. 

Krousar Thmey also was the first foundation to offer an adapted education to deaf and blind 

children and the opportunity to integrate public schools. This programme contributes to the 

realization of the integration possibilities for handicapped children by their families but also by 

the entire Cambodian population. Finally, the organization wants to involve local and 

governmental authorities in its programmes and to raise their share of responsibility for a 

guaranteed free access to education for all. 

35

D. Krousar Thmey’s intervention 


1 - THE DEAF AND BLIND CHILDREN’S EDUCATION PROGRAMME 

a - TEACHING TOOLS 

3 Braille bookmaking workshops 

The first Braille workshop opened at the same time as Chbar Ampeou School in 1994. 

The ones in Battambang and Kampong Cham followed. 

These workshops are essential to the good functioning of the blind schools for the translation 

from Khmer to Braille of all school manuals for primary education (Khmer, Mathematics, Social 

sciences, Biology) and for secondary education (Biology, Physics, Chemistry, History, Geography, 

Earth sciences). The making of the school manuals starts with the transcription in Braille on 

computer. For the translation of only one manual of the national programme, 3 to 6 volumes in 

Braille are needed, according to the complexity of the subject. It takes one week to translate one 

volume and half-an-hour to print it. Not only manuals from the national programme are 

translated but also novels, tales, newspapers and magazines’ articles. Once finished, the item 

translated is printed and re-read by teachers and some of the best pupils of the schools. 

Regularly, the books are reprinted due to wear and tear, which makes the raised script 

disappear. 

Each workshop has its own specialty. Chbar Ampeou workshop employs six people who translate 

and edit the books for the other schools and integrated classes. Battambang workshop translates 

science books and Kampong Cham workshop concentrates on English books’ edition. The last 

two workshops have one staff each. 

36


Number of books edited in 2006 by Chbar Ampeou workshop 

Subject 

Integrated 

classes 

Chbar Ampeou 

School 

Khmer 

literature 162 69 

Maths 139 26 

Sciences 110 26 

Social sciences 116 18 

Chemistry 5 

Physics 9 

Biology 5 

History 18 

Geography 10 

Others 129 

In order to make it easier for blind children, the school teachers created adapted teaching tools. 

To teach some subjects like Mathematics or Geography, they use raised geometric drawings or 

maps. 

A computerized English-Khmer dictionary for the blinds 

Since early 2005, a voiced, computerized dictionary English-Khmer is accessible to blind 

pupils of Chbar Ampeou and Battambang. This project is financed by the British Embassy in 

Cambodia. The software was created by an English computer engineer in collaboration with the 

computer team of Chbar Ampeou School. 

It allows the blinds to consult the dictionary but also to broaden their vocabulary. Indeed, they 

only have to type the first letter of the word they are looking for, for the computer to pronounce 

out loud the English words starting with this letter and their translation in Khmer; or vice-versa 

from Khmer to English. 

This software will also be available in Kampong Cham School some time in 2007 because the 

school is equipped of 10 computers and an IT teacher has been trained in Thailand. 

37

The « Screen Reader » software 


Thanks to the creation of the « Screen Reader » software, blind children can follow IT 

classes more easily. The software, financed by the British Embassy in Cambodia as well, allows 

to « reading » out loud, in Khmer what is on the screen. Moreover, text in Khmer can also be 

translated in Braille. 

1 sign language Committee 

The committee of Chbar Ampeou, which employs 8 people (director, teachers, TV news 

translators in sign language, illustrator and computer scientist) creates new signs and adapts 

school manuals in sign language. When the translation of a term doesn’t exist in Cambodian sign 

language, the committee checks if the term can be adapted using American sign language. If 

this is not possible, creation of a new sign is required. Learning this new sign will be quicker as it 

will be diffused on TVK television channel. 

Not all of the school manuals from the national programme have been translated as yet. 

Admittedly deaf children are able to read « normal » books but the edition of sign-illustrated 

books helps them to learn. Each term is illustrated by its translation in sign language, i.e. the 

movements to do to sign the term. Drawings also go with a text in order to explain in more 

details the movements to do. 

Two computers were bought this year to replace the old ones. One is used to scan the drawings 

to insert in the books, to do the layout and to simplify the edition tasks. The second one is used 

for the digital set-up of the movie about learning sign language and the teaching methods. 

The first Sign language television news 

For more than two years and in collaboration with Krousar Thmey, the national television 

channel TVK has been broadcasting every Sunday evening a weekly summary of the news in 

sign language. This programme allows deaf people to have access to news but also increases 

public awareness of the existence of the deaf community and involves the government in 

lobbying actions. Because it is broadcast nationwide, the TV news strengthens the impact of 

Krousar Thmey within the country. 

38

- TEACHERS TRAINING 


Being the only organization giving an education to blind and deaf children in Cambodia, 

Krousar Thmey must also provide adapted training to its teachers, including Braille or sign 

language. Thus, the foundation puts an on-going training programme in place throughout the 

school year and organizes a two-month training course during the school holidays, in August and 

September. From the 1 st of August to the 15 th of September, the annual training course took 

place in Chbar Ampeou; the objectives are to widen the teachers and directors’ knowledge in 

Braille and sign language, to create new teaching tools, to talk about problems encountered 

during the school year and find solutions and finally to plan for next year’s programme. 

From April the 20 th to the 25 th , Maths teachers from Siem Reap province and neighbouring 

provinces assisted a refresher course and were able to exchange on the difficulties they have 

teaching to handicapped children. 

Training for the blinds 

During the school holidays, teachers from blind or deaf schools as well as integrated 

classes’ teachers meet in Chbar Ampeou. These two months are mainly devoted to the extension 

of Braille code to face the lack of signs in some situations. Another team also worked on 

improving English Braille, which allows blind children from Grade 2 to read and write quicker. 

Finally, one last team created new teaching tools. 

Two education specialists for the partially sighted from the Philippines also gave a five-day 

training course, in partnership with Dark & Light Blind Care. The aim was to prepare partially 

sighted children for specialized and integrated classes thanks to an adapted education. Indeed, 

these children are able to make out colours, forms and objects but their visual abilities do not 

allow them to read. They learn to read and write with large block capitals. For this, they require 

magnifying glass or glasses adapted to their sight. Since 2003, Kampong Cham School has a 

class for partially sighted children only. This is why Krousar Thmey teachers assisted to this 

training course about specific teaching methods for the partially sighted. 

39

Training for the deafs 


A French speech therapist, who spent two years volunteering for Krousar Thmey, came 

to share her knowledge on hearing education, speech therapy and lip-reading. Thus, she spent 

many weeks with speech therapy teachers in each school in order to improve their capacities 

and to give their more means and ideas to set up a more effective programme for deaf children. 

4 schools for blind 

Functioning 

c - SPECIALIZED SCHOOLS 

Number of schooled children in the 4 Krousar Thmey schools for blind children 

as of December 2006 

Chbar Ampeou Battambang Siem Reap Kampong Cham 

73 43 37 87 

For more than 12 years, Krousar Thmey has been working in collaboration with the 

Ministry of Education to promote blind children’s education. The programme followed in the 4 

schools for blind children complies with the official programme: the children follow the same 

lessons than in public schools. 

When a blind child joins a Krousar Thmey school, he starts in Grade 1, regardless of his age. He 

begins his schooling with Braille lessons (reading and writing) and bearings and mobility lessons 

in order to develop quickly his independence. It allows the children to move by themselves in a 

new environment. Indeed, blind children are often hidden by their parents because, under 

Buddhist traditions, it is shameful to have a handicapped person under its roof: handicap comes 

from bad karma from anterior lives. A blind child lacks in sense of direction and is completely 

dependent on his parents. When he arrives in a school, it is usually the first time he leaves his 

house and is in an unfamiliar environment, deprived of his bearings. It is therefore essential that 

he learns how to move on his own and to remember a precise itinerary. 

Once adapted to their new surroundings, children from primary school follow the National 

Education programme: Khmer literature, Mathematics, Social Sciences and Natural Sciences. 

From Grade 3, blind pupils go to public school by half days. They can follow lessons with the 

40


other pupils thanks to the school manuals translated in Braille. The remaining half day is devoted 

to improving and revising subjects with the specialized teachers of Krousar Thmey. From Grade 

7, they go to public school all day then in the evening, they have remedial courses at Krousar 

Thmey School. This immersion in public school allows the « normal » children to become aware 

of the presence of blind children and to accept their differences. Handicapped children have the 

chance to show their schoolmates what they are capable of and quite often, they impress them 

with their excellent school results. These young people are the adults of tomorrow and the 

development of their tolerance can only have a benefic effect on society. 

Blind children have been following English courses for 3 years. The number of hours depends on 

the grade. The teachers are trained during the holidays in order to teach Krousar Thmey’s young 

blinds. 

Since 2005, in Chbar Ampeou and Battambang Schools, children from Grade 3 can follow IT 

courses. This training is available to blinds thanks to the software « Jaws » edited in English. By 

moving the mouse on the screen, the software allows to « read out loud », in English, what is 

written. Controlling this new communication tool allows the blinds to be integrated in working 

life. Chbar Ampeou School has had the internet for one year and blind children can surf the web 

for fifteen minutes, before the end of the lesson. They can therefore access essential documents 

either for school purpose or personal aim. It is all the more important in a country where books 

and libraries are still rare. 

300 

250 

200 

150 

100 

50 

0 

Progress of the number of blind children schooled in Krousar Thmey schools 

18 

38 

79 

since the beginning of the programme 

92 98 102 103 107 

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 

Opening of 

Chbar Ampeou 

School 

Opening of 

Battambang 

School 

Opening of 

Siem Reap School 

127 

149 

186 

Opening of 

Kampong Cham 

School 

222 

240 

41

In 2006… 


Three blind children sat and achieved their baccalaureate exam. This event is the Krousar 

Thmey teachers’ pride and joy. 

To make the integration of blinds easier in working life, Krousar Thmey provides the children 

who want to with all kinds of courses: massage, music, weaving, teaching and IT. 

Regarding the job of masseur, 6 former blind pupils are now offering their services in Siem Reap 

School, located on the road to the temples of Angkor. 

Optional lessons of music being given from their youngest age, the blinds develop an exceptional 

sense of hearing and feel the music like no other « normal » child. This unquestionable asset is 

for them a source of work because they can show their gift during performances. 

The weaving workshop allows 6 students to be trained per semester. Two weaving looms as well 

as a wheel assist the 6 children (3 in the morning and 3 in the afternoon) in learning this craft 

and to make it their trade. 

Blind children education growing in size, the teaching answers to the actual needs and offers 

many job opportunities. 

The school for blind children of Chbar Ampeou is doomed to disappear because of the Bassac, a 

branch of the Mekong River, which « eats » the banks located south of the town. At the time of 

its setting up, the school was 480 metres away from the bank of the Bassac. Today there is only 

15 metres left. During the next rise in water level, there is every chance that the land of the 

school collapses in the river. It has been more than three years that Krousar Thmey calls upon 

the government to give another plot of land free of charge but the promises are not kept. 

4 schools for deaf 

Number of schooled children in the 4 Krousar Thmey schools for deaf children 

as of December 2006 

Chbar Ampeou Battambang Siem Reap Kampong Cham 

210 69 92 76 

Functioning 

The schools for deaf children operate on the same principle as the ones for blind children. 

Because of their deafness, the children who start in Krousar Thmey schools do not know any 

language. Since 2004, a kindergarten class is open in Chbar Ampeou; it enables the children to 

learn sign language from their first years. This language was adapted from the American Sign 

42


Language from the start of the first school for deafs in 1997 in Chbar Ampeou. The children 

learn very quickly at the beginning but they then need a lot of time to be able to communicate 

and structure their message in sign language for others to understand them. They also learn 

reading and writing in Khmer characters. This heavy Grade 1 programme is thus spread out two 

years. Therefore, once the basics under control, the pupils can follow the National Education 

programme for primary education: Khmer literature, Mathematics, Social Sciences, Natural 

Sciences. From Grade 5, they go to public school by half days. Integration is more difficult than 

for blind children who start in public school from Grade 3 because the blinds are independent 

with their Braille school manuals. Only able to understand the written information, they find it 

difficult to follow the class and this is why a translator from Krousar Thmey assists them in sign 

language, often through a window not to interfere with the rest of the class. The remaining half 

day is devoted to the deepening of the subjects with Krousar Thmey teachers. 

Cultural and artistic activities are essential for Krousar Thmey. Thus, deaf children often isolated 

and suffering from psychological and behaviour problems, have the opportunity to follow 

traditional dance lessons to blossom and discover their skills. The dancers feel the music 

vibrations through a special wooden floor and check their moves’ coordination in front of large 

mirrors. They can thus gain self-confidence and express their sensibility. 

Blind musicians and deaf dancers get together regularly to perform traditional shows during 

official ceremonies. 

Hearing-aids specialists 

In 2001, Krousar Thmey established a partnership with Enfants Sourds du Cambodge, a team of 

French ENT and hearing aids specialists whose mission is to equip the children with hearing aids. 

These specialists are dedicated to the cause of Krousar Thmey; they carry out two missions per 

year. Once the impression of the ear done during the first visit, the hearing aids are made in 

France and brought back at the next visit. For the children already equipped, the specialists 

adjust the hearing aids and carry out an ear check-up. 

Speech therapy 

From the hearing aid intervention, it became necessary to have speech therapy. In each of the 4 

schools, an educator teaches speech therapy from the early Grades. The objective is to 

familiarize children with their new hearing aids, which amplify the sounds and to orientate them 

43


towards oralization. The youngest children work with their teacher: they put one hand on the 

teacher’s throat and the other on theirs in order to feel the vibrations, then try to repeat the 

sound that the teacher produces and signs at the same time. 

To learn to express themselves, the pupils also use a method called « Speech’s Natural 

Process ». Consonants are represented by a gest and a symbol; while vowels are characterized 

by a position of the arms in the air and a colour. Children learn to say those vowels and 

consonants and then form syllables and next entire sentences. 

Seances of lip-reading allow the children to better understand their interlocutor and to decipher 

his words. The lip movement is not only studied but also movement from the face which shows 

expressions. 

A speech therapist volunteer, Veronique Monard, spent two years working for Krousar Thmey in 

order to train teachers and to include a speech therapy programme into the schooling. The main 

lessons taught by Veronique Monard were on hearing education, which take place 1 hour per 

week for Grades 1 and 2 classes and on speech therapy, which takes place three times a week 

by group of 5 pupils. Lastly, seances of speech therapy for the kindergarten class were put in 

place daily for all the children. 

Hearing 

Speech 

School 

education therapy Kindergarten Total 

Chbar Ampeou 

Kampong 

8h 15h 10h 33h 

Cham 6h 4h 10h 

Siem Reap 5h 15h 20h 

Battambang 12h 13h 25h 

Wanting to bring theoretical methods learned in France, the speech therapist came up against 

cultural differences, Khmer language and training levels of the teachers. However the outcome 

of these two years of training is relatively positive: teachers have theoretical and material means 

to work properly. The objective of the second year of speech therapy was to give a sense of 

responsibility and autonomy to the teachers; this was through collaborative work but also 

personal thoughts. 

Since Veronique Monard left in June 2006, the speech therapy teachers from the different 

schools continue to meet during « practical classes » in order to exchange and update their 

skills. 

Working for the organization Christoffel-BlindenMission (CBM), Florin Pinto is a deaf-education 

specialist. Since November 2006 and in collaboration with Krousar Thmey, she is in charge of 

44


developing teaching methods in favour of handicapped children and the teachers’ skills. Her 

mission will last for 4 years, knowing that the first few years will be dedicated to evaluating the 

situation of education of deaf children in Cambodia. 

500 

400 

300 

200 

100 

0 

Progress of the number of deaf children schooled in Krousar Thmey schools 

43 

93 

145 

since the beginning of the programme 

212 

276 

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 

Opening of 

Chbar Ampeou 

School 

After two years of functioning, the outcome of the kindergarten class of Chbar Ampeou is very 

positive. Compared to last year, the children’s school results are much higher. The teachers are 

more experienced with young deaf children and understand better their behaviour. At the end of 

each month, an evaluation allows to check their understanding of sign language. Already 

initiated, the kindergarten children who passed to Grade 1 this year have more ease to follow 

the class than the ones who have never been to school. These children might be able to do 

Grade 1 in only one year… 

The parents also notice the progresses of their children, mainly regarding politeness and 

hygiene. Moreover, each Friday afternoon during 20 minutes, the parents learn sign language to 

be able to communicate with their children. 

The success of the kindergarten class confirmed, Krousar Thmey thinks of extending the 

programme to other schools. The opening of a kindergarten class in Kampong Cham is planned 

in the next few years. 

Opening of Battambang 

and Siem Reap Schools 

342 

376 

Opening of 

Kampong Cham 

School 

453 

431 

447 

45

In 2006… 


The increasing number of pupils in Siem Reap and the insufficient number of classrooms 

lead to the construction of a new building in November. The works will be finished at the end of 

the first semester 2007. Six new classrooms will allow the children to follow lessons in better 

conditions; some of them currently being taught in the refectory. 

The school for deaf children of Chbar Ampeou needs an extension due to the increasing number 

of enrolment each year. Krousar Thmey thus decided to construct a new two-storey building in 

2007. The ground floor will accommodate a library and a teachers’ room. And the two storeys 

above will have 8 classrooms as well as a few bedrooms for the teachers who attend training 

during the summer. This new building will allow to clear some of the actual overcrowded classes 

and to reduce the number of pupils to 15-20 per class. The refectory will not be used as 

classroom anymore. 

It is also planned to build a new school for deaf children in the suburbs of Phnom Penh. However 

the building will not start until the Cambodian government has granted us a free land. 

The 1 st of June, about 30 deaf children attended Children International Day against child labour, 

organized by the Provincial Department of Education of Siem Reap. 

Functioning 

d - 42 INTEGRATED CLASSES 

The programme was put in place in 2001 and its aim is to reintegrate deaf or blind 

children into public schools, outside of main cities where we have specialized schools. The 

Ministry of Education makes a classroom available inside a public school for deaf or blind 

children. They also recruit and pay a teacher who will attend a specialized training on sign 

language, Braille and teaching methods with Krousar Thmey for two months, in August and 

September. So that the teachers do not ask for a financial contribution from the pupils, Krousar 

Thmey gives them an extra payment. Krousar Thmey also takes care of finding deaf and blind 

children, of motivating their parents to authorize the schooling of their children and offers the 

school uniforms since 2005. 

Thus this system allows deaf and blind children from remote areas to be schooled, even when 

the small number of affected children does not justify the opening of a specialized school. The 

children still live in their families and thus keep their bearings. Often they found themselves in 

the same school as their siblings, which facilitate their integration. Integrated classes allow them 

46


to mix with other children who are aware of handicaps and are therefore led to accept 

differences from an early age. Respect and recognition are essential in order for deaf and blind 

people to have a place in the civil and working society. 

Lastly, the government and the National Education are clearly and effectively involved in this 

project, integrated classes being opened and managed both by Krousar Thmey and the Ministry. 

Krousar Thmey team is regularly in touch with authorities from various provinces in order to 

widen the search of deaf or blind children to be able to open new integrated classes. The follow- 

up work and training for integrated classes are ensured, for each province, by the director of the 

nearest Krousar Thmey specialized school. 

350 

300 

250 

200 

150 

100 

50 

0 

Progress of the number of integrated classes and of the number of pupils 

Since the beginning of the programme 

50 

7 

99 

12 

211 

229 

253 

28 32 38 42 

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 

Number of integrated classes Number of pupils 

315 

47


Number of integrated classes by provinces as of December 2006 

Provinces Blind classes Deaf classes 

Kampong Thom 1 1 

Kampot 1 

Prey Veng 1 1 

Sihanoukville 1 5 

Svay Rieng 1 4 

Battambang 2 


Kampong Speu 7 

Kandal 1 

Pursat 6 

Siem Reap 2 

Takeo 1 

TOTAL 5 37 

315 pupils are divided between 5 integrated classes for blind children and 37 integrated classes 

for deaf children in 12 provinces of Cambodia. 

In 2006… 

During the school year 2005-2006, 263 handicapped children (of whom 14 blinds) studied 

in 37 integrated classes. More than 83% of the pupils passed their end-of-year exams and went 

onto the next grade, 5% failed and 12% dropped out (started work, moved out, married…). At 

the end of 2006, 315 pupils were divided out in 42 integrated classes; 3 new classes opened for 

blind children in the provinces of Kampot, Prey Veng and Kampong Thom. 

The main difficulties encountered this year were the children forgetting their lessons and all they 

had learnt after the summer holidays; the teachers had to give them more homework in order to 

make-up. Absenteeism is also very frequent: the children help their parents at work, in the 

paddy fields. They also take care of their siblings and of the animals. The oldest pupils think of 

stopping school to make a living, usually as labourer. Most of the children are often late due to 

the distance between their home and the school: Krousar Thmey thus distributed more than 60 

bicycles to counter this problem. 

48

e - THE AWARENESS CAMPAIGN 


The programme of influence lead by Krousar Thmey aims to increase involvement and 

responsibilities from the government and the Ministry of Education. These actions’ objective is to 

make the government fully responsible for the education of handicapped children. 

The awareness programme aims to inform the handicapped children’ families as well as the 

Cambodian population about the possibilities of education for deaf or blind children. It also 

allows to make the mentalities evolve towards handicapped children and to facilitate their 

integration in the society. 

In order to attain these objectives, Krousar Thmey participates actively in handicapped people’s 

events as well as the Global Campaign for Education and organizes the Awareness Campaign. 

Global Campaign for Education 

Every year, Krousar Thmey participates in the international campaign « Global Campaign 

for Education » in collaboration with other NGOs. The topic chosen for the campaign of May 

2006 was « Every child needs a teacher ». To pursue the decisions made at the World Education 

Forum in Dakar in April 2000, the Cambodian campaign aims to put pressure on the authorities 

so they take the necessary measures to give access to education for all. 

400 children from the 4 centres of activities of Phnom Penh and from the province of Kandal 

participated in the campaign. The dance and music troupe from the blind and deaf school were 

invited to perform a blessing dance and play traditional Khmer music. The « Chha Yam » troupe 

from Takhmao protection centre also performed a dance. 

Awareness Campaign 

The objective is to inform the parents of deaf or blind children about the possibility to 

send their children to Krousar Thmey specialized schools or to one of the integrated classes 

located in 12 provinces of Cambodia. If no adapted structure exists in the area where those 

children live, then the organization will consider opening a new integrated class if more than 5 

handicapped children are identified. 

In 2006, this campaign took place during the school holidays in 5 provinces. It consisted of 

about ten touring performances, in which each included a theatre play, music and dance 

performances orchestrated by deaf and blind children. Posters with simple topics from the play 

were also distributed in the villages. The drawings allow illiterate people to understand the 

importance of the education of handicapped children. 

49


Each performance attracts an average of 500 people. Members of the audience are always 

surprised of the quality of the performance from deaf and blind children. Provincial and local 

authorities, villages’ maires as well as school directors cooperate and make sure the campaign 

goes smoothly, which allows to increase the impact on the local population. 

Presence at official events 

Official events in favour of handicapped people allow Krousar Thmey children and teachers 

to fight for their rights and sensibilize the population and the government. 

In September, about 100 deaf pupils from Chbar Ampeou School reunited in Phnom Penh for 

Deaf International Day. 

On the 3rd of December, teachers and students from the deaf or blind schools participated in the 

International Day for Disabled Persons organized by the Cambodian Disabled People 

Organization and the Ministry of Social Affairs. Performances, speeches as well as a march in 

front of the Royal Palace regulated the day. A concert for disabled people ended the evening. 

The event was covered nationwide thanks to the live broadcast of a television channel; an article 

about Krousar Thmey children was also published. 

Reference documents 

Year 2006 allowed Krousar Thmey to assess 10 years of teaching deaf and blind children. 

The results of this study will be published in the first semester of 2007 and will put forward all 

the progresses made in this field and the efforts still to be produced. This official document will 

allow Krousar Thmey to share its experience at national level and to inform people working in 

the education about the necessity to school deaf and blind children from their earliest age. The 

absence of any statistics on deaf and blind children in Cambodia shows that the government 

does not have the will, at the moment, to create a database on handicapped people. Krousar 

Thmey thus decided to start a database with all the deaf and blind children taken in care by the 

organization or identified during campaign’s rounds. 

Krousar Thmey also participates regularly in meetings with other NGOs involved in the education 

of handicapped children such as Aide & Action, the Disability Awareness Group, the Deaf 

Development Project, Worldvision… 

50

Functioning 

2 - POIPET PRIMARY SCHOOL: PRUM NIMITH 


The public school of Prum Nimith of Poïpet offers a free access to education to children 

from deprived families. Confronted to the shortage of schooling facilities in Poïpet, Krousar 

Thmey built in 1997 the town’s second primary school. It is completely managed by the National 

Education, which means that the lessons comply with the national programme. In exchange of 

an extra payment from Krousar Thmey, the teachers, recruited and paid by the Ministry of 

Education, commit to not ask a financial contribution to the pupils. Krousar Thmey is also 

responsible for the maintenance of the buildings, the supply of writing material and uniforms. 

And offers since 2003, free school lunch in partnership with the NGO Don Bosco. 

350 

300 

250 

200 

150 

100 

50 

0 

288 

Grading of pupils as of December 2006 

261 

285 

190 190 

Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 

152 

51

In 2006… 


At the beginning of the school year 2006-2007, the primary school welcomed 1,366 

pupils of whom 85 new students. Children are divided in 26 classes from Grade 1 to Grade 6. As 

in other schools in Cambodia, the children have lessons by half days. 

Nb of pupils 

repeating a year 

Repetition rate 


National repetition 

rate * 

Number and rate in % of pupils repeating grades as of December 2006 

Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 

21 24 16 15 6 4 

7% 9% 6% 8% 3% 3% 

40% 23% 18% 11% 6% 2% 

* Statistics 2004-2005 from the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports. 

Krousar Thmey focuses its action on teaching quality. For the school year 2005-2006, the 

repetition rate reached 15%. Free remedial courses were thus put in place every Thursday for 

pupils in difficulties. This rate then lowered to about 6% for the current school year. 

This success is also explained by the opening of six new classrooms in March 2005, which 

allowed dividing the pupils in a better way. However, the average number of pupils per class 

stays relatively high: more than 52 students. 

In order to encourage the children’s success at school and at home, the school has a building 

intended for cultural activities: it allows them to blossom and widen their knowledge. In addition, 

a large library has opened to promote reading and opening to the world to children. The other 

rooms welcome remedial courses and lessons of traditional dance and music. 

52

CULTURAL AND ARTISTIC 

DEVELOPMENT 

53

NATURE OF THE 

PROGRAMMES 

1 art school 

2 cultural exhibitions 

1 educational game 

Cultural and Artistic Development 



CULTURAL AND ARTISTIC DEVELOPMENT 



School of Khmer Arts 

and Culture in 

Sisophon 

"Cambodia, the people, 

the culture" and "Tonle 

Sap, source of lives" in 

Battambang 

"Tonle Sap, source of 

lives" in Siem Reap 

"Neak Doueng", game 

similar to Trivial Pursuit 

KT F / S = Krousar Thmey France / Switzerland 

TDH G = Terre des Hommes Germany 

MAIN PURPOSE 

> Revive Khmer traditions by offering artistic activities to children 

from local secondary schools (shadow theatre, drawing, dance, 

music and sculpture). 

> Draw Cambodians’ attention to their country and culture. 

> Inform the tourists. 

> Make Cambodians and tourists aware of the natural heritage of 

the country and of the necessity to preserve it. 

STARTING 

DATE 

PARTNERS IN 2006 

1996 TDH G, KT S 

1994 KT F 

2000 KT F, KT S 

> Improve general knowledge while having fun. 2000 KT F 

54

A. Art and culture in Cambodia in 2006 


Decades of conflicts, genocides and civil wars deeply damaged the rich cultural heritage 

of Cambodia. The Khmer Rouge regime, by eliminating all sense of family, killing every educated 

person and getting rid of the few available writings, undermined traditional values and broke off 

all means of knowledge transfer from the oldest to the young generations. 

In a general context of decline of the culture in Cambodia, the opening of the Bophana centre 

and the Nuits d’Angkor festival seem like a wind of change, which awaken the Khmer identity. 

On December, the 4 th 2006, the centre of audiovisual archives of Bophana (the name comes 

from resistance woman, who was tortured in Tuol Sleng, differently named S21 camp, to have 

exchanged love letters with her husband despite the Khmer Rouge ban) was inaugurated in 

Phnom Penh. Designed so that the public can consult for free films, photos or recordings about 

Cambodia, it is intended to carry on the audiovisual memories of the country for the Cambodians 

to regain their identity. 

So as to ensure the permanence of the centre, it also offers a centre of training and production 

to give young people future prospects, commented Rithy Panh, the famous Franco-Khmer 

director. French director, Bertrand Tavernier, president of the Lumière Institute, depicted the 

Bophana centre’s battle as essential: « Fight against oblivion, this cancer wastes our mind, social 

bonds, the life of a country. When we forget our past, we are sentenced to live it again. The 

images, that he gathers and collects, give shady areas some light, stimulate our imagination, our 

questions on the meaning, the beauty and the credibility of these images, on the view they have, 

which sometimes contains as much information about the country and the filmed population as 

about the person who films. » (Cambodge Soir, n°2699, Thursday 11 th January 2007). 

On the 15 th of December week-end, the seventh edition of the Nuits d’Angkor took place in Siem 

Reap. Apsaras from the Royal Ballet and dancers from the European Ballet of Marseilles 

succeeded one another on stage with, for setting, the sumptuous and illuminated Angkor Wat 

temple. This annual event attracts many tourists but also a crowd of Cambodians. All came to 

admire Khmer traditional dances and discover the French dancers’ choreography set on 

the music of the requiem of Mozart. 

Aware of the urgency to revive the threatened roots of the Cambodian culture, Krousar Thmey 

set out to pass on society’s fundamental values to young generations for them to rediscover their 

identity and dignity. Therefore, in all Krousar Thmey centres, children grow up in the respect of 

55


their traditions and beliefs thanks to, among other things, introduction to traditional arts. The 

organization also committed to strengthen the promotion of traditional music and dance with 

deaf and blind children. And in order to allow Cambodian people to go exploring their national 

heritage, Krousar Thmey set up cultural and educative exhibitions in both Siem Reap and 

Battambang. 

B. Krousar Thmey’s intervention 

1 - THE SCHOOL OF KHMER ARTS AND CULTURE 

Number of pupils at the school as of December 2006 

Drawing Sculpture Dance Music Theatre Permanents Total 

340 282 270 139 60 40 1,131 

Functioning 

Opened in 1996 in Sisophon, at the heart of the Thai culture influenced, province of 

Banteay Meanchey, this school is a centre of radiance for Khmer arts and culture. It offers to 

more than 1,000 children, a free education on 5 traditional arts: drawing, sculpture, dance, 

music and shadow theatre. 

The school works along with two secondary schools in town, which include art activities in their 

programme; from Grade 7 for one hour per week. The children chose their subject at the 

beginning of the school year and are evaluated twice a year. The results, given by Krousar 

Thmey School, are taken into account by the public school. About 40 pupils called 

« permanents » form the troupe, which takes part in the prevention campaign against child 

trafficking and prostitution. 

56

1400 

1200 

1000 

800 

600 

400 

200 

0 

Number of pupils in Sisophon School of Arts, per month 

1319 1283 1216 

1054 1137 

986 


226 204 139 

994 

1072 1131 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

Average attendance in 2006 897 pupils / month 

Highest attendance 1,319 pupils in January 

Lowest attendance 139 pupils in September 

The attendance of the pupils fluctuates during the year, which makes difficult the management 

of timetable and the organization of the classes. For example, July being the exam month, the 

pupils don’t go to the school to devote themselves to revising. August and September are school 

holidays months and the children help their parents in the fields. During the school year, the 

attendance is stable and the school welcomes an average of 1,130 pupils per month, from 

October to June. 

Average number of students per taught subjects in 2006 

(Excluding school holidays) 

305 

65 4337 

224 

370 

Drawing 

Sculpture 

Dance 

Music 

Shadow theatre 

Permanent pupils 

57


The dividing up of the children between the subjects is not homogeneous. Indeed, two subjects, 

music (6% of the number of pupils) and shadow theatre (4% of the pupils), are not being 

chosen because of the learning difficulty they represent. On the contrary, drawing (35% of the 

total pupils) is the children’s favourite subject; mainly because of the popularity of the drawing 

teacher, the young Samit, himself graduate from this art school. Furthermore, it is a subject 

relatively easy to learn that the children can pursue at university or even make it their job. 

In 2006… 

The school is still looking for a second dance teacher. The school policy is to recruit 

people who have been recommended by the staff in order to make sure of their skills and 

seriousness. However this means that the recruitment process is longer than usual. Moreover, 

Sisophon is quite far from the main activities in Cambodia and thus doesn’t attract the young 

people. 

Functioning 

2 - TWO CULTURAL EXHIBITIONS 

Siem Reap Exhibition – 1 topic 

« Tonle Sap, source of lives » 

2,943 visitors in 2006 

Exhibition activities in 2006 

Battambang Exhibition – 2 topics 

« Cambodia, the people, the culture » 

« Tonle Sap, source of lives » 

1,573 visitors in 2006 

Krousar Thmey created two free-access, educative and cultural exhibitions in order to 

allow Cambodians and mainly children to revive their traditions. 

Touring for two years, the exhibition « Cambodia, the people, the culture » settled in an annex 

of the Battambang museum in 1996. After being revamped in 2004, the exhibition reopened to 

the locals who were able to discover the resources and originality of their culture and history. 

Inaugurated in 2001, the exhibition « Tonle Sap, sources of lives » is located inside the school 

for deaf and blind children of Siem Reap, on the road to Angkor temples. This primary location 

58


ensures a large number of tourists visiting it. It gives information on cultural and natural 

resources of the Tonle Sap Lake and the necessity to preserve it, as much to passers-by than to 

the local community. This same exhibition also toured in the villages near the Tonle Sap Lake 

during one year before settling in Battambang museum in 2002. 

At the exhibitions, some boards are devoted to Krousar Thmey and its activities. The exhibitions 

also offer to visitors travel books, paintings, watercolour cards, kramas, bracelets, key rings and 

T-shirts; all sold for the benefit of Krousar Thmey’s children. 

The opening hours of the exhibitions tally as much as possible with children and Cambodian or 

foreigner visitors’ free time. They are therefore open all year long, even at week-ends, from 7.30 

am to 5 pm. 

500 

450 

400 

350 

300 

250 

200 

150 

100 

50 

0 

January 

February 

Number of visitors at the Siem Reap exhibition per month 

March 

In total, 2,905 people visited the Tonle Sap exhibition in Siem Reap in 2006. Foreigners 

represent almost half of the visitors. The number of visitors varies depending on the touristic 

season and on school holidays. 

April 

Foreigners Cambodians Pupils 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

59

Number of visitors at the Battambang exhibition in 2006 

307 

802 

464 


Foreigners 

Cambodians 

Pupils 

In total, 1,573 people visited Battambang exhibition in 2006. 20% are pupils who came with 

their school. 

In 2006… 

The money boxes made available at the exhibitions allowed to collect over 435 USD in 

Siem Reap and more than 245 USD in Battambang over the year. 

3 - ARTISTIC AND CULTURAL ACTIVITIES FOR ALL THE CHILDREN 

In each centre and deaf and blind schools, many introductory activities to Khmer 

traditional arts are offered to the children. The aim of these activities is to preserve and pass on 

Khmer arts to the young generations but also to allow them to blossom through practicing an 

art. 

Introduction to the arts 

In every protection centre, arts courses are scheduled a few times per week and are also 

open both to children from the centre and to children from the village. In each centre, the best 

young artists belong to a troupe who performs to ceremonies and festivals, like Children 

International Day. 

60


In the schools, the young blinds play music while the young deaf learn to dance. These lessons 

are included in the school programme and the best performers also belong to a troupe. The 

Chbar Ampeou troupe is particularly renowned for its talent and is regularly approached to give 

performances. 

Art therapy for traumatized children 

For three years, Krousar Thmey collaborated with a team of the NGO Art et Urgence to 

organize therapeutic workshops of painting for traumatized children from the street children 

centres. The workshops took place during the school holidays, in August and September. 

Through their paintings, the children express very personal and often painful themes about their 

family and their past… 

The interpretation and discussions about the drawings helped our educators to better 

understand the children’s problems and to guide them to overcome their traumas. 

The last workshop organized by Art et Urgence took place in the summer of 2005. The objective 

was to focus on the educators’ training to enable them to pursue the French team’s work with 

the children. This allowed the Cambodian teams to adapt art therapy to their own culture and to 

organize workshops all over the year. 

Cultural outings 

Centres, schools and family houses often organize outings to allow the children to 

discover their culture and heritage. For example: 

- Visiting Angkor temples: in May, all the children from Siem Reap School had the chance to see 

the temples. 

- Participating in Cambodian ceremonies: in September for Pchum Ben (All Souls’ Day), the Kpop 

Veng family went to the mother’s native village located 50 km from Phnom Penh to visit the 

pagoda and make offerings to the bonzes. In accordance with the Buddhist religion, this ensures 

happiness for the coming year. 

On October the 14 th , for the religious festival of Kathen, the children from Psar Depot street 

children centre visited many pagodas in the provinces to make offerings to the bonzes. By 

tradition, the bonzes cannot leave the pagoda for three full months: during this time, they study 

Sanskrit and Pali. 

From November the 4 th to the 6 th , most of the children went to Phnom Penh for the Water 

Festival. 

61


- Artistic performance: on December the 24 th , the children from Takhmao centre danced and 

played music for the Christmas party at the French Embassy. 

62

We would like to thank 

Thanks 

SPECIAL THANKS 

The organizations, foundations and institutions 

Accame Falco, Aide & Action, Air France, Association Contacts-Cultures-Cuisines, Amis des 

Enfants du Monde, Art et Urgence, Atscaf du Puy-de-Dôme, Borann Hotel, The British Embassy 

in Cambodia, Christoffel BlindenMission, Collège du Léman in Geneva, Deutscher 

EntwicklungsDienst, Direction du Développement de la Coopération Suisse, Enfance et Partage, 

Enfants Sourds du Cambodge, les Experts-Architectes auprès de la Cour de Versailles, Dark & 

Light Blind Care, Faiveley, The French Embassy in Cambodia, the French towns of Feneu, 

Soulaire and Bourg, Foundation Stanley Thomas Johnson, Foundation Wilsdorf, Friendship with 

Cambodia, Global Village, la Guilde Européenne du Raid, Institut Florimont in Geneva, 

International Women Club of Copenhagen, KPMG, La Noria Hotel, les 7 de la Cité, Lycée la 

Rochefoucauld, Lioness Club, Lycée d’enseignement professionnel Emile James of Etel, Lycée 

Français de Singapour, Nestlé, On-Net, Octogone Gestion SA, Osteria La Fabbrica, Paroisse 

Française de Singapour, Promesse, the Royal Government of Cambodia led by Samdech Hun 

Sen, Rêvons ensemble, SIF, the Swiss towns of Cologny, Genthod, Jussy and Vandoeuvres, 

Terre des Hommes Germany, Terre des Hommes Netherlands, United Nation Women’s Guild of 

Vienna, URIOPSS, Veolia Environnement, la Voix de l’Enfant, Westhove SA 

and those who wished to remain anonymous 

As well as the private donors 

Mr. Dave Alton, Mr. Warren Arbelet, Mr. and Mrs. Etienne Arminjon, Mrs. Van Bornemann, Mr. 

Christophe Brisson, Mrs. Victoria Brown, Mrs. Jennie Burke, Mr. and Mrs. Gérard Buton, Mr. Peter 

Carette, Mr. and Mrs. Gaëtan Carnot, Mr. and Mrs. Pierre Castres Saint Martin, Mr. and Mrs. 

Gaetan Caulliez, Mr. Joy Chambers Grundy, Mr. and Mrs. Jean-Paul Cottet, Mr. and Mrs. Alain 

Courau, Mr. and Mrs. Raphaël Courau, Mrs. Christiane de Coulon, Mr. and Mrs. François 

Delalande, Mr. and Mrs. P.-G- Despature, Mrs. Caryl Dolinko, Ms Adèle Dubrulle, Mr. and Mrs. 

Guy Dubrulle, Mrs. Suzanne Dubrulle, Dr. Michel Graff, Mr. and Mrs. Christian Guicheney-Mahler, 

Mr. Dominique d’Halluin, Mr. Eric Hans, Ms Solenn d’Hautefeuille, Mrs. Hodac de Bonfils, Ms 

Thérèse Hubsch, Mr. and Mrs. Claude Jaccaud, Mrs. Isabell Jacobi, Mr. and Mrs. Hubert Javary, 

the Javary-Fiala family, Mr. Jean-Baptiste Juery, Mr. and Mrs. Christophe Lambotte, Mr. and Mrs. 

Gilles Lambotte, Mr. and Mrs. Letellier, Mr. and Mrs. Benoit Magnier, Mr. and Mrs. Jean-Michel 

Magnier, Mr. and Mrs. Philippe Magnier, Mrs. Makhlouf-Cheval, Mr. and Mrs. Jean-Claude 

Marquet, Mr. Melchior de Matharel, Mr. and Mrs. Gérard Mestrallet, HM Norodom Sihanouk and 

the Queen-Mother, Mr. and Mrs. Jean Ogliastro, Mr. Fernand Oltramare, Mr. Denis Pageau, Mr. 

and Mrs. Jacques Poinsot, Mr. Rosetti, Mr. Hubert Rojat, Mr. Richard de Tscharner, Mrs. 

Catherine Von Tscharner, Mr. and Mrs. Joachim Ung, Mrs. E. de Villiers de la Noue, Mr. and Mrs. 

Cyrille Vu, Mr. and Mrs. de Verdilhac 

and all the other donors who help us via the branches of Krousar Thmey in Europe 

And all the volunteers who dedicate themselves all year long in the branches of Krousar Thmey 

Cambodia, Krousar Thmey France, Krousar Thmey Switzerland and Krousar Thmey United 

Kingdom 

For their valuable support which makes our action sustainable 

for the children of Cambodia 

63

FINANCIAL BALANCE SHEET 2006

Financial Balance Sheet 2006 

ASSETS ($ US) Book Value Depreciat. Net Book V. N.B.V. 05 LIABILITIES ($ US) Liabilities Rem. 05 

Cash on hand 17,139 0 17,139 7,684 Accrued expenses 5,268 0 

Cash at the bank 125,290 0 125,290 159,876 Unearned revenues 0 0 

0 

Loans to KT employees 3,395 0 3,395 2,670 

Accounts receivable 4,704 0 4,704 9,884 

0 

Total current assets (US$) 150,528 0 150,528 180,114 

Assets in progress 24,492 0 24,492 38,675 

Computers and other office assets 107,148 70,666 36,481 35,199 

Vehicles 259,397 241,922 17,475 24,397 Retained earnings -72,215 63,360 

Buildings 1,126,843 394,540 732,303 687,273 

Land 305,160 0 305,160 298,425 Pension fund 69,558.34 0.00 

Intangible assets 380 124 256 0 

Total property and equipment (US$) 1,823,419 707,252 1,116,167 1,083,970 Equity 1,264,084 1,200,724 

TOTAL ASSETS (US$) 1,973,947 707,252 1,266,695 1,264,084 TOTAL LIABILITIES (US$) 1,266,696 1,264,084 

Our accounts have been be audited by "KPMG" 

BALANCE SHEET 2006 

KROUSAR THMEY CAMBODIA 

Olivia Breu 

Financial controller 

65

INCOME STATEMENT 2006 



COSTS US $ % REVENUES US $ 

Salaries 369,543.64 42.3% Krousar Thmey Switzerland 220,373.00 25.2% 

Staff training 16,323.10 1.9% Krousar Thmey France* 142,330.71 16.3% 

Food (BPGN) 146,542.22 16.8% Krousar Thmey United Kingdom 27,982.50 3.2% 

Depreciation 79,974.40 9.2% Aide et Action 102,471.00 11.7% 

Volunteers ' compensation 15,532.00 1.8% Terre des Hommes Netherlands 93,140.41 10.7% 

Outside cases 24,263.42 2.8% Terre des Hommes Germany 45,533.00 5.2% 

Mission and reception costs 11,078.99 1.3% Amis des Enfants du Monde 61,562.86 7.0% 

AFADEC 4,302.00 0.5% ON NET 15,682.00 1.8% 

Equipment maintenance 9,899.87 1.1% Dark and Light Blind Care 35,728.42 4.1% 

Schooling / Books / Games / Pocket money 33,434.38 3.8% Global village 7,980.00 0.9% 

Current equipement 14,420.59 1.7% La Noria 9,000.00 1.0% 

Mailing, telephone and Internet 10,231.60 1.2% Lycée Français de Singapour 3,100.00 0.4% 

School books and posters editing 12,461.70 1.4% Donation from H.M. the King of Cambodia 4,000.00 0.5% 

Fuel and transportation 39,325.02 4.5% Samdech Hun Sen 2,855.00 0.3% 

Building maintenance 7,860.86 0.9% Friendship with Cambodia 1,000.00 0.1% 

Water and electricity 15,404.14 1.8% British Embassy 14,360.00 1.6% 

Clothes and uniforms 14,993.20 1.7% DED 7,371.00 0.8% 

Medecine and Hygiene 11,846.99 1.4% Peter Carette 7,585.00 0.9% 

Various donations KTC 22,022.72 2.5% 

Rents 3,137.05 0.4% 

Documentation & photocopies & pictures 3,999.59 0.5% 

Office and informatic material 6,318.32 0.7% 

Cultural material and activities 6,018.93 0.7% 

Vehicles and buildings insurance 1,515.02 0.2% 

Animals and plantations 2,763.30 0.3% 

Promotion / ceremonies / gifts 6,190.55 0.7% 

Financial costs 2,127.79 0.2% 

Aquarelles 286.05 0.0% TOTAL DONATIONS 2006 (US$) 824,078 94% 

Other costs (including KPMG) 6,694.97 0.8% 

Pension fund 69,558.34 8.0% 

Liberalities 0.0% 

Special events 13252.20 1.5% 

Bank interests and exchange gains 4061.47 0.5% 

Dances and shadow theater 11430.55 1.3% 

Local sales 17901.95 2.0% 

Other revenues 3109.24 0.4% 

RUNNING EXPENSES (US$) 946,048 108% TOTAL OTHER REVENUES (US$) 49,755 6% 

Retained earning of the year -72,215 -8% 

TOTAL Year 2006 (US$) 

Our accounts have been audited by "KPMG" 

873,833 100% TOTAL Year 2006 (US$) 

Olivia Breu 

Financial controller 

873,833 100% 

66


Expenses US $ % Incomes US $ 

Protection centers 117,928 13.0% Krousar Thmey Switzerland 220,373 25.2% 

Takhmao 31,393 Krousar Thmey France 142,331 16.3% 

Siem Reap 41,418 Krousar Thmey United Kingdom 27,983 3.2% 

Sisophon 45,117 Peter Carette 7,585 0.9% 

Schools for blind children 150,387 16.5% Aide et Action 102,471 11.7% 

Chbar Ampeou 51,771 Terre des Hommes Netherlands 93,140 10.7% 

Battambang 35,461 Terre des Hommes Germany 45,533 5.2% 

Kampong Cham 47,358 ON NET 15,682 1.8% 

Siem Reap 7,939 Dark and Light Blind Care 35,728 4.1% 

Braille workshop PP 6,220 British Embassy 14,360 1.6% 

Braille workshop BTTG 1,638 DED 7,371 0.8% 

Schools for deaf children 163,544 18.0% 

Chbar Ampeou 59,283 

Battambang 17,901 

Kampong Cham 5,274 

Siem Reap 44,024 

Integrated classes 37,063 

Streetchildren 153,794 16.9% Amis des Enfants du Monde 61,563 7.0% 

Psar Depot 35,443 La Noria 9,000 1.0% 

Chamkar Morn 33,007 Lycée Français de Singapour 3,100 0.4% 

Siem Reap 25,058 Global village 7,980 0.9% 

Tuk Thla 6,121 Friendship with Cambodia 1,000 0.1% 

Prek Kat 6,060 

Kpop Veng 6,126 

Siem Reap 1 6,628 

Siem Reap 2 6,537 Donation of H.M. the King 4,000 0.5% 

Kampong Cham 1 6,930 Samdech Hun Sen 2,855 0.3% 

Kampong Cham 2 6,131 Misc donations KTC 22,023 2.5% 

Sihanoukville 1 6,326 

Sihanoukville 2 6,278 

Battambang 1 1,773 

Battambang 2 1,375 Total grants 824,078 94% 

Poipet's school 18,309 2.0% 

Other assistance 40,249 4.4% 

University 407 Special events 13,252 

Campa. against child traffic 9,276 Financial income 4,061 

Other activities Phnom Penh 629 Shadow theater and performances 11,431 

Advocacy 14,915 Local sales 17,902 

Sign Language Committee 15,022 Other income 3,109 

Village of Poipet 18,472 2.0% 

School of Arts Sisophon 25,365 2.8% 

Exhibition Battambang 2,026 0.2% 

Exhibition Siem reap 3,263 0.4% 

ANALYTICAL INCOME STATEMENT - YEAR 2006 


Total other incomes 49,755 

Expenses of the centers 693,336 76% 

Coordination Phnom Penh 53,645 5.9% 

Bon Pratchum Nheat 13,531 1.5% 

Administrative costs 36,003 4.0% 

Total running expenses 796,515 88% 

Earning 77,318 - 

Building 61,083 6.7% 

Vehicles 2,850 0.3% 

Lands 6,735 0.7% 

Informatic equipment 9,400 1.0% 

Intangible assets 380 0.0% 

Others 7,232 0.8% 

Assets in progress 24,492 2.7% 

TOTAL INVESTMENTS 112,172 12% 

TOTAL EXPENSES 2006 908,687 100% TOTAL INCOMES 2006 873,833 100% 

Decreasing of cash -34,854 - 

1.5% 

0.5% 

1.3% 

2.0% 

0.4% 

6% 

67

ANALYTICAL COMPARISON OF ACCOUNTS 03 / 04 / 05 / 06 

KROUSAR THMEY CAMBODGE 


2006 2005 2004 2003 2006 2005 2004 2003 

EXPENSES (USD) Amounts % Amounts % Amounts % Amounts % INCOMES (USD) Amounts % Amounts % Amounts % Amounts % 

Salaries 369,544 46.4% 334,750 44.5% 289,479 43.8% 249,170 42.4% Krousar Thmey Switzerland 220,373 25% 162,078 18% 196,251 25% 183,137 26% 

Staff training 16,323 0 3,983 0 15,459 0 - - Krousar Thmey France 142,470 16% 145,422 16% 114,957 14% 129,724 18% 

Food (including BPGN) 146,542 18.4% 131,571 17.5% 111,279 16.8% 105,623 18.0% Krousar Thmey UK 27,983 3% 0 0% 19,036 2% - - 

Outside cases 28,565 3.6% 24,105 3.2% 34,636 5.2% 41,570 7.1% Krousar Thmey Luxembourg 0 0% 28,253 3% - - 21,756 3% 

Volunteers 15,532 1.9% 20,786 2.8% 12,424 1.9% 13,746 2.3% Aide et Action 102,471 12% 125,304 14% 95,759 12% 14,856 2% 

Schooling / Books / Games / Pocket m 45,896 5.8% 54,048 7.2% 24,985 3.8% 34,706 5.9% Terre des Hommes Netherlands 93,140 11% 67,409 8% 86,462 11% 46,469 7% 

Missions and reception 11,079 1.4% 16,998 2.3% 10,873 1.6% 8,907 1.5% Terre des Hommes Germany 45,533 5% 42,320 5% 24,451 3% 42,295 6% 

Building maintenance 7,861 1.0% 16,115 2.1% 15,867 2.4% 15,824 2.7% Amis des Enfants du Monde 61,563 7% 41,667 5% 49,266 6% 42,349 6% 

Equipment maintenance 9,900 1.2% 7,676 1.0% 9,124 1.4% 10,715 1.8% Partage 0 0% 89,732 10% 18,622 2% - - 

Equipements 14,421 1.8% 29,938 4.0% 19,931 3.0% 9,405 1.6% Groupe et Développement 0 0% 0 0% 16,148 2% - - 

Mailing, telephone and Internet 10,232 1.3% 9,529 1.3% 10,811 1.6% 11,553 2.0% Stanley Johnson foundation 0 0% 0 0% 14,974 2% 14,985 2% 

Fuel and transportation 39,325 4.9% 29,785 4.0% 24,595 3.7% 22,822 3.9% Kinderleed 0 0% 0 0% 12,960 2% 10,479 1% 

Water and electricity 15,404 1.9% 13,738 1.8% 13,502 2.0% 12,365 2.1% On Net 15,682 2% 17,553 2% 11,881 1% - - 

Clothes and uniforms 14,993 1.9% 17,836 2.4% 16,542 2.5% 10,960 1.9% Dark & Light 35,728 4% 20,630 2% 10,106 1% 33,563 5% 

Medecine and hygiene 11,847 1.5% 10,230 1.4% 9,661 1.5% 9,001 1.5% Global village 7,980 1% 13,748 2% 6,968 1% 28,208 4% 

Rents 3,137 0.4% 3,101 0.4% 3,488 0.5% 2,620 0.4% La Noria 9,000 1% 10,000 1% 7,500 1% - - 

Per Diem trainers Haliotis 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 5,387 0.8% 3,636 0.6% Lycée Français de Singapour 3,100 0% 4,136 0% 3,449 0% 3,892 1% 

Other costs 8,962 1.1% 5,817 0.8% 10,289 1.6% 1,694 0.3% In-kind donations 0 0% 0 0% 1,251 0% 12,920 2% 

Documentation & photocopies 4,000 0.5% 3,305 0.4% 4,380 0.7% 4,011 0.7% Other donations KTC 25,364 3% 24,599 3% 37,654 5% 30,050 4% 

Office material 6,318 0.8% 4,959 0.7% 5,219 0.8% 4,255 0.7% Donation of H.M. the King 4,000 0% 2,000 0% 5,000 1% - - 

Cultural material and activities 6,019 0.8% 3,268 0.4% 2,734 0.4% 6,380 1.1% Samdech Hun Sen 2,855 0% 855 0% 1,322 0% 3,737 1% 

Insurances 1,515 0.2% 2,154 0.3% 3,524 0.5% 2,522 0.4% Air France 0 0% 0 0% 1,448 0% 40 0% 

Animals and plantations 2,763 0.3% 1,961 0.3% 1,956 0.3% 3,145 0.5% Jack Thomson / Peter Carette 7,585 1% 8,522 1% 619 0% 650 0% 

Promotion / ceremonies / gifts 6,191 0.8% 2,119 0.3% 2,355 0.4% 1,674 0.3% Mobitel 0 0% 0 0% 6,000 1% 45,996 7% 

Watercolors postcards 286 0.0% 4,456 0.6% 2,744 0.4% 1,740 0.3% DED 4,030 - - - - - 

Bon Pratchum Nheat 0 - 0 - 0 0 0 - British Embassy 14,360 2% 6,350 0.7% 

Exceptionnal costs 0 0 60 0 181 0 207 0 Friendship with Cambodia 1,000 0% 1,010 0.1% 

Centre culturel francais Phnom Penh 0 0% 300 0.0% 

TOTAL RUNNING COSTS 796,655 100% 752,289 100% 661,427 100% 588,250 100% TOTAL GRANTS 824,217 93.8% 811,888 91.6% 742,083 93.3% 665,107 94.2% 

Special activities (incl. BPN) 13,252 1.5% 850 0.1% 13,768 1.7% 166 0.0% 

Buildings 61,083 47,732 62,766 31,358 Financial incomes (exchange, interest 4,061 0.5% 5,642 0.6% 3,333 0.4% 4,572 0.6% 

Vehicles 2,850 7,590 10,249 20,167 Dancing and shadow theater perf. 11,431 1.3% 13,484 1.5% 9,433 1.2% 11,813 1.7% 

Lands 6,735 24,000 0 30,000 Local selling 17,902 2.0% 20,027 2.3% 18,299 2.3% 21,869 3.1% 

Computer 9,400 12,554 5,106 3,656 Assets selling 0 0.0% 30,693 3.5% 60 0.0% 384 0.1% 

Intangible assets 380 Others 3,109 0.4% 1,880 0.2% 3,941 0.5% 2,264 0.3% 

Others 7,232 20,067 5,290 3,602 Exceptional incomes 0 0.0% 160 0 774 0 - - 

Assets in progress 24,492 19,368 14,320 17,000 Mission RKS for Gret 0 0.0% 915 0 3,400 0 - - 

TOTAL INVESTMENTS 112,172 131,311 97,730 105,783 TOTAL OTHER INCOMES 49,755 5.7% 73,651 8.3% 53,008 6.7% 41,068 3.4% 

TOTAL EXPENSES (USD) 908,826 100% 883,600 100% 759,157 100% 694,033 100% TOTAL INCOMES (USD) 873,973 100% 885,539 100% 795,090 100% 706,175 100% 

Decrease of cash -34,854 1,939 35,933 12,142 

68

Annual Report Krousar Thmey Cambodia

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