Calculating trust in sensor networks

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in a network that uses trust-based routing. The Dynamic trusted routing-protocol from Chapter 3.10 was used in a network simulator called JSIM. Several ways of calculating the overall trustworthiness are proposed and discussed. Finally a series of different networks are built in the JSIM simulator to chart the trustworthiness of nodes in a network that is infested with malicious nodes. The focus will be in presenting how given parts in a network will be seen from different parts of the network. 4.1 Simulating network-protocols in JSIM JSIM [JSIM] is a network simulation platform developed in Java. It is built around a component-based architecture. Every entity is defined as an autonomous component that is then connected to other components by strict contracts (or interfaces). For instance a 802.11 MAC-layer can be defined as a component that is then connected to a network-layer component and a physical-medium component (a radio-antenna). JSIM also makes sure that discreet events in the simulator occur in the correct order and on the right time. JSIM is built as a comprehensive framework of protocols and components that can be connected amongst each other to simulate different networked entities. Creating and defining the simulator environment is done using a Tcl script language interpreter integrated into JSIM, that allows rapid development and runtime creation and modification of the simulator environment. Simulating sensor networks is possible with JSIM as the software contains an existing framework of several ad hoc routing protocols, a generic sensor application layer, a 802.11 MAC layer along with different kinds of radio-antennas, batteries and even processors. The nodes in the simulator can be spread across a field in three dimensions and they can be moved freely within this field. This allows the user to simulate for instance how nodes network when randomly scattered, how the network performs and what kind of an impact different scenarios have on the network or node lifetime. An immobile prototype sensor was built with JSIM that used an 802.11 MAC-layer for communications, no mobility-models and the implemented routing protocol that was based on the Dynamic trusted routing scheme described in sections 3.10 and 4.2. A representa- 38
To other sensors... Simulated Sensor ID Address resolution The "airwaves" Keeps track of battery and energy Queue Wireless Channel Sensor application WirelessAgent Routing protocol Link layer Mac 802.11 Wireless Physical Initiates communications Keeps track of the position of all the sensors Determines how a node moves in the area Mobility Model Physical Node Tracker Figure 7: A diagram of the components of a sensor and their connections in JSIM. A simulated sensor in JSIM is broken down into several loosely coupled autonomous components. The components are then connected with each other through ports. tion of the components of the implemented sensor can be seen in Figure 7. 4.2 The trust-based routing protocol A version of the Dynamic Truster Routing -protocol for JSIM was used to gather results. Curiosly, the implementation was built on the regular GPSR routing protocol but a trust management and calculation routine was added to its routine of routing decisions. Where normally GPSR chooses the next hop by sending the packet as close to the final recipient as possible, Dynamic Truster Routing combines forwarding- and integrity checks and energy- awareness to the decision. A node that must forward a packet chooses the next hop amongst its neighbours by considering their distance to the final recipient and other weighting factors. This decision 39
Page 1 and 2: Calculating trust in sensor network
Page 3 and 4: Contents 1 Introduction 1 2 Sensor
Page 5 and 6: 1 Introduction Wireless sensor netw
Page 7 and 8: 2 Sensor networks Advances in integ
Page 9 and 10: low power. A good guideline for des
Page 11 and 12: Figure 2: The SPEC mote and the tip
Page 13 and 14: n neither use every drop of enthe b
Page 15 and 16: of transmitting directly to the sin
Page 17 and 18: for sensor networks. SensorML conta
Page 19 and 20: would be to eavesdrop on the wires
Page 21 and 22: Development of these sensors leans
Page 23 and 24: called recommending or gossiping ab
Page 25 and 26: of trustworthy nodes. These are nod
Page 27 and 28: node uses this table to determine i
Page 29 and 30: and the nodes willingness (or malic
Page 31 and 32: Trust-based geographical routing do
Page 33 and 34: The rating component also employs a
Page 35 and 36: trust = (1 − w) ∗ trustold + w
Page 37 and 38: that nodes around it send in their
Page 39 and 40: positives, nodes that seem to be fi
Page 41: 4 Analysis of trusted service disco
Page 45 and 46: A simple way of defining this metri
Page 47 and 48: esults. The square root-method reac
Page 49 and 50: 5 Results The JSIM network simulato
Page 51 and 52: Figure 12: A graph describing chain
Page 53 and 54: (a) Average reputations with no mal
Page 55 and 56: (a) Chains of trust for node 0, wit
Page 57 and 58: (a) Average reputations with no mal
Page 59 and 60: • The trustworthiness of nodes de
Page 61 and 62: (a) Average reputations with blackh
Page 63 and 64: (a) Chains of trust for node 28 wit
Page 65 and 66: Figure 20: Identifying malicious no
Page 67 and 68: BB02 Buchegger, S. and Boudec, J.-Y
Page 69 and 70: MICAZ The MicaZ datasheet. http://w

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