Questionnaire on Tourism and Employment: Overview of Results

2 nd T.20 Ministers Meeting – Republic of Korea
Room Document
Italy: There are specific provisions in the field of labour legislation and collective labour agreements applying
to the tourism industry. Law 368/2001 regulates a specific kind of working relationship, the so called “extra
works ”, allowing employers in the tourist sector to recruit workers for a maximum of three days, when there is
the need to perform specific services, such as meetings, fairs, assistance service to the airport arrivals and so on.
Another kind of employment, typically used by tourist companies to recruit staff for short periods, is the so
called “intermittent work”.
Turkey: - Law for the Encouragement of Tourism - Law concerning Travel Agencies and the Associations of
Travel Agencies - Regulation on Tour Guiding
III. (2) Is tourism particular enough to require special labour rules?
Respondents that have no particular rules and regulations in place for the tourism sector seem to have
very clear reason for it: as it is an amalgamation of different industries, tourism requires no umbrella
regulation on top of the ones already in place for the different industries it is composed of. Canada,
Mexico, and Spain have no plans to develop a “specific regulation for the labour conditions in the
tourism industry” (Mexico).
Selected Responses
Canada: A specific requirement for tourism does not exist. There are labour laws related to the minimum age of
workers, hours worked, and seasonal and part-time jobs, among others, but these are not exclusive to tourism.
Spain: As it is a heterogeneous sector, it does not exist specific regulation for the tourism sector at a global or
general level. However, there are collective agreements by industry, such as catering, transportation, travel
agencies, etc.
IV. Human Resource Development
Countries seem to be very much involved in human capital formation in tourism.
Number of responses (out of 13) YES NO N/A N/C
a
Has your administration an established policy and/or programmes for HRD in
tourism? Please specify. 12 0 0 1
b If so, this policy has been discussed and agreed with: (see below)
Are there any programmes, schemes, subsidies or other mechanisms offered by
the State to encourage training and continuous education of the labour force in
- - - 1
c tourism? 13 0 0 0
d
Does the government or the trade association have its own tourism training
centre? Is so, please provide details. 9 3 0 1
N/A: no answer; N/C: no change since 2009
IV. (1) Existing Policy and Programmes
All countries seem to have some sort of Human Resource Development (HRD) policy or module in
place for encouraging training and education of employees in the tourism industries. Canada mentions
some core topics: “increased investment in skills development to promote a quality workforce; a
learning system that is informed of, and more responsive to, the needs of industry; reduced barriers to
labour mobility, leading to a more efficient labour market; and, enhanced ability to recruit and retain
workers and to address human resources issues”.
Other noteworthy elements of the identified policies are: collaborations with sub-national governing
bodies and universities (Spain), inter-ministerial efforts (Italy) accounting for demographic
differences and change (Germany, Italy), competitiveness (Australia, Japan, Mexico) and the
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