Synchrophasors in Wide Area Monitoring Systems (WAMS)
Synchrophasors in Wide Area Monitoring Systems (WAMS)
Synchrophasors in Wide Area Monitoring Systems (WAMS)
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<strong>Synchrophasors</strong> <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>Wide</strong> <strong>Area</strong> Monitor<strong>in</strong>g <strong>Systems</strong> (<strong>WAMS</strong>)<br />
Krish Narendra<br />
GM- Technology & Quality<br />
ERLPhase Power Technologies L<br />
www.erlphase.com
Outl<strong>in</strong>e<br />
• About ERLPhase<br />
• Smart Grid - Power <strong>Systems</strong> Needs<br />
• What is Synchrophasor – Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)?<br />
• Significance of global time reference<br />
• TESLA Power System Recorder with PMU<br />
• TESLA PMU Overview<br />
• <strong>Wide</strong> <strong>Area</strong> Monitor<strong>in</strong>g <strong>Systems</strong> (<strong>WAMS</strong>)<br />
• Components of <strong>WAMS</strong><br />
• Simplified <strong>WAMS</strong> Representation<br />
• ERLPhase <strong>WAMS</strong> Analysis and Visualization Tool<br />
• <strong>WAMS</strong> Applications<br />
• Security of PMU Data<br />
• Conclusions
About ERLPhase<br />
• ERLPhase was formed <strong>in</strong> 2007 as the next generation of<br />
APT Power Technologies and the Relay and Recorder<br />
division of NxtPhase T&D Corp.<br />
• ERLPhase is a subsidiary of Easun Reyrolle Ltd of India, an<br />
established <strong>in</strong>ternational company provid<strong>in</strong>g solutions <strong>in</strong><br />
the field of Power Management, encompass<strong>in</strong>g protection,<br />
control, automation, meter<strong>in</strong>g , switchgear, and turn key<br />
projects over 25 years.<br />
VISION: Technology Leaders…<br />
www.erlphase.com<br />
www.easunreyrolle.com
About ERLPhase<br />
Relays & Recorders<br />
G-PRO
Smart Grid - Power System Needs<br />
•Technology to prevent / control Large Scale Disturbance and<br />
cascad<strong>in</strong>g faults lead<strong>in</strong>g to blackouts<br />
•Technology to understand the needs of <strong>in</strong>tegrat<strong>in</strong>g renewable<br />
energy sources successfully <strong>in</strong>to the exist<strong>in</strong>g conventional system<br />
•To understand the system model<strong>in</strong>g with real time data<br />
•Successful deployment of Smart Grid Technologies and realize its<br />
potential to full extent<br />
•Understand<strong>in</strong>g of market driven system operation under<br />
deregulations<br />
•To successfully satisfy the needs of Regulatory authorities (NERC<br />
etc)
What is Synchrophasor<br />
- Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)?<br />
Global time reference applicable to 3 phase system
Significance of Global Time Reference
TESLA Power System Recorder with PMU
TESLA PMU Overview<br />
The TESLA PMU is a complete, state-of-the-art, user-friendly multitimeframe<br />
dynamic power system recorder with advanced PMU<br />
and Cont<strong>in</strong>uous PMU data storage and transmitt<strong>in</strong>g device<br />
• PMU – Phasor Measurement Unit as per IEEE C37.118 and exceed data transmitt<strong>in</strong>g<br />
sample rate – 1 Phasor sample per cycle<br />
• Up to 12 Phasors of Positive, Negative, Zero Sequence or Summated quantities can<br />
be transmitted over Giga bit Ethernet<br />
• NERC-compliant cont<strong>in</strong>uous disturbance record<strong>in</strong>g capabilities – with PMU phasor<br />
data<br />
• Provides redundancy for PMU data <strong>in</strong> case of communication problems with the<br />
Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC)- m<strong>in</strong>i PDC<br />
• <strong>Wide</strong> range frequency response (55 Hz – 65 Hz)<br />
• Easy to configure and use<br />
• Excellent time synchronization accuracy (+/- 0.75 uS)
<strong>Wide</strong> <strong>Area</strong> Monitor<strong>in</strong>g <strong>Systems</strong> (<strong>WAMS</strong>)
Components of <strong>WAMS</strong><br />
• Sensors – Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs)<br />
• Communication <strong>in</strong>fra structure<br />
• Phasor Data Concentrators (PDCs)<br />
• Visualization aids<br />
• Applications and analysis modules<br />
• Data archiv<strong>in</strong>g and storage<br />
• Data management<br />
• Security (cyber security)
•PDC<br />
•PDC<br />
Simplified <strong>WAMS</strong><br />
PMU PMU PMU<br />
•PDC<br />
Client
ERLPhase <strong>WAMS</strong> Analysis and<br />
Visualization Tool<br />
Phase angle and<br />
Magnitude stress
<strong>WAMS</strong> - Applications<br />
• <strong>Wide</strong> <strong>Area</strong> Visualization and Monitor<strong>in</strong>g<br />
• Real Time Phase angle measurement<br />
• Real Time Frequency Track<strong>in</strong>g<br />
• Inter <strong>Area</strong> Oscillation Detection<br />
• Generator Shedd<strong>in</strong>g Scheme Us<strong>in</strong>g Phase<br />
Angle Difference<br />
• State Estimation<br />
• Voltage Stability Monitor<strong>in</strong>g<br />
• Dynamic Model Validation<br />
• Dynamic Thermal Circuit Reliability Monitor<strong>in</strong>g<br />
etc.
Security of PMU data<br />
•Source www.garrett.com<br />
•TESLA (3000 and 4000) will have SSH / SSL protocol for end-to-end<br />
accountability<br />
•Will follow the password requirement as per NERC requirements<br />
•Will use certificates for further authentication<br />
•Purpose is to provide multiple-layer security scheme through<br />
future firmware-only upgrade
Conclusions:<br />
• <strong>Synchrophasors</strong> (PMUs) play a very important role <strong>in</strong> the<br />
<strong>WAMS</strong> by provid<strong>in</strong>g useful real time data<br />
• Visualization and Understand<strong>in</strong>g of Phase angle variations<br />
gives very good <strong>in</strong>sight <strong>in</strong>to the severity of stress over wide<br />
area network and assists <strong>in</strong> better decision mak<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong><br />
manag<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>in</strong>tegrity of the grid.<br />
• TESLA PMUs can stream and store PMU data (m<strong>in</strong>i PDC)<br />
based on system events as per IEEE C37.118 Standard and<br />
NERC requirements<br />
• TESLA PMU data is secured us<strong>in</strong>g SSH/SSL protocol for endto-end<br />
security
QUESTIONS ??
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