Section 1: Prickly acacia—ecology and threat - Weeds Australia

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Foreword Prickly acacia is one of Australia’s worst weeds. While it already infests over six million hectares of the Mitchell Grass Downs of Queensland, it has the capacity to threaten a further 50 million hectares of native grassland ecosystems. Although the problem may be daunting in some areas, much can be learnt from the experience of those who have already taken on the task of combating this weed—their achievements provide both inspiration and a realistic appreciation of the challenges involved. The National Prickle Bush Management Group recognises that only through the combined efforts, diligence and commitment of all affected landholders, community and catchment groups, agencies and others, will we effectively gain ground on prickly acacia. It is hoped that this manual, like its companion publication, the Prickly Acacia Best Practice Manual, will become an invaluable reference tool, further equipping land managers with the skills and knowledge for achieving their individual and collective goals. I recommend the manual to all landholders affected by prickly acacia. Further, I commend all those who have been responsible, both directly and indirectly, for its production. Louise Moloney Chairperson National Prickle Bush Management Group v
vi Contents Contributors Acknowledgments Foreword Introduction Section 1: Prickly acacia—ecology and threat Taxonomy Description Distinguishing between the ‘prickle bushes’ Preferred habitat Life cycle Dispersal History of spread Current and potential distribution Impact on primary industry Section 2: Developing strategies Development and adoption of best practice—the research years Integrated management Control options Prickly acacia density standards Management strategies Developing a weed control plan Section 3: Case studies—property management approaches Prickly acacia management on Zara Control of prickly acacia at Tarcombe Prickly acacia management on Audreystone Prickly acacia management on Bibil The economic costs of prickly acacia on Wyangarie Section 4: Case studies—community and government initiatives Strategic prickly acacia control at a coastal infestation Strategic prickly acacia control on Molongle The Wokingham Landcare Group Labour barter—Upper Landsborough Catchment Landcare Group Controlling isolated prickly acacia in Dalrymple Shire Prickly acacia in the Northern Territory Prickly acacia in Western Australia Section 5: Case studies—innovations in management Australian Agricultural Company—weed seed spread protocol Mechanical control of prickly acacia on Lydia Using camels and goats to control prickly acacia Section 6: Technical updates Controlling prickly acacia with soil applied herbicides Biological control of prickly acacia Environmental impacts of prickly acacia Section 7: Further information Contacts Declaration details in Australia References and further reading iii iv v vii 1 2 2 4 8 8 8 9 10 11 13 14 19 20 1222 23 25 27 28 34 38 44 48 55 56 62 65 68 69 71 73 75 76 79 81 85 86 88 90 93 94 96 97
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Section 1: Prickly acacia—ecology and threat - Weeds Australia

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