KINGDOM OF TONGA - SPREP

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Map of Tonga Strategic Development Plan 8 2006/07-2008/09 Looking to the Future, Building on the Past vi
Strategic Development Plan 8 2006/07-2008/09 Basic Information on Tonga Government: Hereditary constitutional monarchy with a unicameral Legislative Assembly composed of 12 Cabinet members sitting ex officio, 9 representatives of 33 hereditary nobles, and 9 representatives elected by universal suffrage (21 years of age) for three-year terms. The Head of Government, the Prime Minister, is appointed by the monarch and serves at his pleasure. Constitution: Established in 1875; revised in 1967. Legal system: Acts of the Legislative Assembly; based on English law. Official languages: Tongan, English. Judiciary: Supreme Court (judges appointed by the monarch); Court of Appeal comprise of three (3) Judges and the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court; Magistrates’ Court; Land Court. Land area: 747 km 2 spread between 170 islands of volcanic and coral origin in four groups (see map on following page); 24% arable land. Exclusive Economic Zone: 640,050 km 2 . Population (2005 estimate): approximately 100,000 on 36 inhabited islands; over two-thirds in Tongatapu; about one-quarter in urban areas. Population growth rate: approximately 2% per annum. Net migration rate: 1.9-2.0% per annum. Gross Domestic Product (2004/05): T$455.9 million; US$235.0 million. GDP composition (2004/05): primary sector 25%; secondary sector 18%; tertiary sector 57%. GDP per capita (2004/05): T$4,560; US$2,350. Remittances (2004): 42.5% of GDP. Human Development Index (2003): 0.810, placing Tonga 54 th out of 177 countries, in the high human development group. Population below national basic needs poverty line (2001): 23%. Looking to the Future, Building on the Past vii
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