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Summer 2009 - Perth Zoo

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Ultrasounding<br />

<strong>Perth</strong> <strong>Zoo</strong>’s Botanic Heritage<br />

You’ve heard of ultrasounding<br />

pregnant women to make sure<br />

their unborn child is healthy,<br />

but have you heard of<br />

ultrasounding trees?<br />

<strong>Perth</strong> <strong>Zoo</strong> has kept many plant<br />

species which were originally planted<br />

under the guidance of the <strong>Zoo</strong>’s<br />

head gardener, Harry Steadman,<br />

from 1899–1929. In order to keep<br />

these and other trees healthy, a lot<br />

of work needs to be done by our<br />

present-day horticulturists.<br />

<strong>Perth</strong> <strong>Zoo</strong> horticulturists examine<br />

trees for signs of decay or distress<br />

such as poorly tapered branches,<br />

buckling, loose bark or cracks. This<br />

is especially important when you’re<br />

looking at trees that are over 100<br />

years old and have seen many<br />

seasons, storms and changes.<br />

Internal problems are obviously more<br />

difficult than external ones but that<br />

doesn’t mean they should be<br />

overlooked. This is where ultrasound<br />

comes in.<br />

The PiCus ® machine is just one of<br />

the tools that arborists – or tree<br />

surgeons – use to assess the tree’s<br />

health and whether there is any<br />

internal decay or damage.<br />

Likened to an ultrasound machine,<br />

it provides a non-invasive way to<br />

detect poor health in trees. Sound<br />

waves are transmitted through a<br />

degraded section of the branch or<br />

trunk and a sectioned image, or<br />

tomogram, is produced.<br />

The image is colour-coded and<br />

shows healthy, altered and decayed<br />

woods, allowing the arborist to<br />

determine whether the tree poses<br />

any risk. The limb or section of the<br />

tree is removed if necessary.<br />

“<strong>Perth</strong> <strong>Zoo</strong> is probably the healthiest<br />

park or plant collection I have ever<br />

come across in my 35 years in the<br />

industry,” says <strong>Perth</strong> <strong>Zoo</strong> Horticulture<br />

Curator Andrew Blake.<br />

“I can see two reasons for this: great<br />

plant diversity and the presence of<br />

animals. These are also the reasons<br />

for the good health found in<br />

undisturbed bush areas.<br />

“This means our botanic collection is<br />

in such good health that the trees<br />

Above: Bowden Tree Consultancy<br />

tomogram generated using the PiCus ® .<br />

machine. Right: Bowden Tree Consultant<br />

using the PiCus ® . machine.<br />

Photos courtesy of Bowden Tree<br />

Consultancy.<br />

live longer than in many other parks<br />

and gardens. Just like elderly people<br />

or animals, old trees can have trouble<br />

with strength in their limbs or being<br />

affected by extremes such as storms<br />

and being knocked so they require<br />

careful management. Tomograms are<br />

another tool in helping us keep the<br />

<strong>Zoo</strong>’s botanic collection healthy.”<br />

If a branch needs to be removed,<br />

that doesn’t mean it’s no longer<br />

useful. <strong>Perth</strong> <strong>Zoo</strong> keepers are always<br />

on the hunt for branches that can be<br />

used in exhibits as behavioural<br />

enrichment, to help stimulate<br />

climbing, curiosity and other natural<br />

behaviours in their animals.<br />

“Whenever we’re pruning and have to<br />

remove a limb we need to be careful<br />

not to cut it up too quickly. The<br />

keepers are always looking for ‘exhibit<br />

furniture’ and often need a branch that<br />

is shaped ‘just so’,” says Mr Blake.<br />

So what is the result of our<br />

horticulturists’ hard work? The great<br />

ambiance and feeling of immersion<br />

you experience when you walk into<br />

one of the <strong>Zoo</strong>’s geographical zones<br />

and see plants that reflect the native<br />

vegetation of an African savannah,<br />

native Australian bushland or Asian<br />

rainforest, as well as some very<br />

healthy animals.<br />

<strong>Summer</strong> <strong>2009</strong>/10 | newspaw s<br />

3

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