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ROADMAP-TO-NGN-1 Roadmap to NGN Documents Issue 2, August 2008 Introduction 1–4
ROADMAP-TO-NGN-1 Issue 2, August 2008 Roadmap to NGN Documents Overview of NGN 2 Overview of NGN For more than a century, the only network most people came in contact with was the one that allowed them to make telephone calls, the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) 1 . During this time, it is likely that very few PSTN users ever considered that they were utilizing a network, or thought about the network infrastructure that made telephone calls happen. A caller simply picked up the telephone receiver, heard dial tone, and dialed a number, blissfully unaware of the combination of signaling, transport, and network intelligence that was being engaged. The introduction of personal computers and local area networking in the workplace began to change this, but it was not until the Internet revolution that the idea of using a network became commonplace. 2.1 Introduction to Next Generation Networks Telecommunications networks have traditionally focused on the support of voice traffic and services. As a result, the PSTN has been optimized for voice traffic and services through a combination of circuit-switching, Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM), and Signaling System Number 7 (SS7). This voice infrastructure, developed and refined over the past century, has matured into a high-quality, reliable network. The network is ubiquitous and highly secure. Over the past decades, numerous voice services have been introduced in the PSTN. With the growth of computing and networking, there has been a significant development of a data communications infrastructure. The data communications infrastructure was primarily developed to help corporations and other private networks (such as Universities) send information within a defined and closely managed group. The explosive growth of the Internet, with its accessibility to businesses and residences, has led to a new way of looking at the data communications infrastructure. The growth of the Internet has popularized the deployment of packet switching, and more and more public carriers have had to start considering using packet switching for the parallel data infrastructure. The Internet (and, in particular, use of the Internet Protocol) provides a framework for sending and receiving voice, data, video, and multimedia over a common infrastructure. The Internet also provides a model for an infrastructure that can support a wide variety of applications, that could be rapidly introduced, often relying on intelligence being distributed at the “edges” of the network. As technology has evolved, it is clear that Next Generation Networks (NGNs) are emerging. The goal of NGNs is to use the best from the voice and data communications infrastructures. Thus, the vision of NGN is to provide a common infrastructure that supports a wide range of applications, including voice, data, 1. For purposes of this discussion, radio, and television are not considered, as these involve broadcasting of information in one direction, rather than bi-directional, point-to-point communication. 2–1
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