forest functions concept and mapping in Germany - FSD
forest functions concept and mapping in Germany - FSD
forest functions concept and mapping in Germany - FSD
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<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong><br />
<strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
<strong>and</strong> its relevance concern<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Forest Ecosystem Services<br />
Renate Bürger-Arndt<br />
Chair for Nature Conservation & L<strong>and</strong>scape Management<br />
Georg-August University - Gött<strong>in</strong>gen<br />
rbuerge@gwdg.de / www.naturschutz.uni-goett<strong>in</strong>gen.de<br />
R. Bürger-Arndt & C. Riegert / Professur für Naturschutz und L<strong>and</strong>schaftspflege - Uni Gött<strong>in</strong>gen 1
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong><br />
<strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
� paradigm of multifunctional <strong>forest</strong>ry<br />
� <strong>forest</strong> function <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong><br />
� <strong>forest</strong> function categories & <strong>in</strong>dicators<br />
� <strong>concept</strong> beh<strong>in</strong>d<br />
� relevance for the ecosystem services<br />
<strong>concept</strong><br />
R. Bürger-Arndt & C. Riegert / Professur für Naturschutz und L<strong>and</strong>schaftspflege - Uni Gött<strong>in</strong>gen 2
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
The fundamental paradigm of multi-functional <strong>forest</strong>ry<br />
German <strong>forest</strong> law<br />
• <strong>forest</strong>s should be ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>ed for the sake of their economic use<br />
with regard to their importance for the natural environment <strong>and</strong><br />
• particularly with regard to the permanent function<strong>in</strong>g of the<br />
<strong>forest</strong> ecosystem <strong>and</strong> its services<br />
• concern<strong>in</strong>g climate, hydrology, air, soil fertility, biodiversity,<br />
scenic beauty of the l<strong>and</strong>scape, … <strong>and</strong> outdoor recreation of<br />
the population<br />
� Forest use, protection <strong>and</strong> recreation are equally<br />
important <strong>and</strong> have to be considered pari passu<br />
by all <strong>forest</strong> owners<br />
as a commitment to common wealth<br />
R. Bürger-Arndt: Nature Conservation & L<strong>and</strong>scape management / Gött<strong>in</strong>gen University 3
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
<strong>forest</strong> function <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong><br />
task<br />
� provide spatial <strong>in</strong>formation that serves as basis of decisionmak<strong>in</strong>g<br />
concern<strong>in</strong>g<br />
• adequate silviculture & <strong>forest</strong> management<br />
• consideration of <strong>forest</strong>s <strong>in</strong> l<strong>and</strong>scape plann<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> l<strong>and</strong> use<br />
� identify, delimit <strong>and</strong> map all <strong>forest</strong> areas that are of<br />
particular importance regard<strong>in</strong>g protection of the natural<br />
environment / resources, recreation or other socio-cultural<br />
concerns<br />
� „particular importance“:<br />
these issues are of such major public <strong>in</strong>terest that they<br />
bias or even shape silviculture <strong>and</strong> <strong>forest</strong> management<br />
R. Bürger-Arndt: Nature Conservation & L<strong>and</strong>scape management / Gött<strong>in</strong>gen University 4
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
<strong>forest</strong> function <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong><br />
realisation<br />
� realised by the federal states <strong>forest</strong> adm<strong>in</strong>istration<br />
� follow<strong>in</strong>g a nation wide guidel<strong>in</strong>es for experts assessment<br />
� produc<strong>in</strong>g digital maps (1 : 50.000) <strong>and</strong> area statistics<br />
<strong>forest</strong> areas that are of particular importance regard<strong>in</strong>g protection of the natural<br />
environment / resources, recreation or other socio-cultural concern<br />
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong><br />
R. Bürger-Arndt: Nature Conservation & L<strong>and</strong>scape management / Gött<strong>in</strong>gen University 5<br />
...<br />
...
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
<strong>forest</strong> function categories<br />
protection of natural resources<br />
- protection <strong>functions</strong><br />
� water<br />
� soil<br />
� regional climate<br />
� wildlife / habitats / biodiversity<br />
keep natural resources<br />
(common goods)<br />
<strong>in</strong> good shape<br />
R. Bürger-Arndt: Nature Conservation & L<strong>and</strong>scape management / Gött<strong>in</strong>gen University 6<br />
...
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
<strong>forest</strong> function categories<br />
human liv<strong>in</strong>g protection<br />
� avalanches & rockfalls<br />
� floods & mudflows<br />
� storm & frost effects<br />
� noises & ugly views<br />
� air pollution<br />
- protective <strong>functions</strong><br />
avoid natural risks<br />
mitigate man made<br />
<strong>in</strong>conveniences<br />
R. Bürger-Arndt: Nature Conservation & L<strong>and</strong>scape management / Gött<strong>in</strong>gen University 7<br />
...
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
<strong>forest</strong> function categories<br />
human liv<strong>in</strong>g enrichment<br />
serve as a source for<br />
...<br />
- social <strong>functions</strong><br />
� recreation<br />
� nature experience<br />
� <strong>in</strong>spiration<br />
� <strong>in</strong>formation<br />
� education<br />
R. Bürger-Arndt: Nature Conservation & L<strong>and</strong>scape management / Gött<strong>in</strong>gen University 8
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
<strong>forest</strong> function categories<br />
Forest <strong>functions</strong><br />
use<br />
<strong>functions</strong><br />
protection<br />
<strong>functions</strong><br />
protective<br />
<strong>functions</strong><br />
social<br />
<strong>functions</strong><br />
timber production<br />
natural ressources<br />
biodiversity<br />
ecosystem <strong>in</strong>tegrity <strong>and</strong> dynamics<br />
protection aga<strong>in</strong>st natural hassards<br />
<strong>and</strong> negative human impacts<br />
recreation / nature experience<br />
education / <strong>in</strong>formation
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment<br />
LIFE ON EARTH - BIODIVERSITY<br />
FOREST<br />
FUNCTIONS<br />
use/utility<br />
<strong>functions</strong><br />
protection<br />
<strong>functions</strong><br />
protective<br />
<strong>functions</strong><br />
social<br />
<strong>functions</strong><br />
habitat<br />
function
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
<strong>forest</strong> function <strong>in</strong>dicators<br />
protection / regulat<strong>in</strong>g (examples)<br />
� water: protection aga<strong>in</strong>st pollution<br />
• designated water protection areas; like catchment areas<br />
around source regions for dr<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g water draw-off (-> use)<br />
� soil: protection aga<strong>in</strong>st erosion, storm & frost effects<br />
• geological <strong>and</strong> soil characteristics; slope angle <strong>and</strong> length;<br />
climatic parameters; l<strong>and</strong> use (-> erosion risk)<br />
� wildlife (habitats & biotopes)<br />
• designated protected areas (-> formal protection)<br />
� no <strong>in</strong>formation regard<strong>in</strong>g the state of the <strong>forest</strong> !<br />
R. Bürger-Arndt: Nature Conservation & L<strong>and</strong>scape management / Gött<strong>in</strong>gen University 11
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
<strong>forest</strong> function <strong>in</strong>dicators<br />
protective / regulat<strong>in</strong>g & mitigat<strong>in</strong>g (examples)<br />
� avalanches & rockfalls<br />
• risk areas <strong>in</strong> the vic<strong>in</strong>ity of roads <strong>and</strong> settlements<br />
� floods<br />
• flood areas (-> risk)<br />
� noises & ugly views<br />
• between heavy traffic roads or po<strong>in</strong>t source emissions <strong>and</strong><br />
settlements, hospitals or recreation areas (-> dem<strong>and</strong>)<br />
� no <strong>in</strong>formation regard<strong>in</strong>g the state of the <strong>forest</strong> !<br />
R. Bürger-Arndt: Nature Conservation & L<strong>and</strong>scape management / Gött<strong>in</strong>gen University 12
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
<strong>forest</strong> function <strong>in</strong>dicators<br />
social (example)<br />
� recreation<br />
• heavy <strong>and</strong> frequent recreation dem<strong>and</strong><br />
(number of visitors per ha <strong>and</strong> day)<br />
-> <strong>in</strong> short distance of settlement borders<br />
-> distance depend<strong>in</strong>g on population numbers:<br />
> 50.000 <strong>in</strong>habitants: 10 km<br />
5.000 - 50.000 <strong>in</strong>habitants: 3 km<br />
touristic & health resorts: 3 km<br />
� no <strong>in</strong>formation regard<strong>in</strong>g the state of the <strong>forest</strong> !<br />
R. Bürger-Arndt: Nature Conservation & L<strong>and</strong>scape management / Gött<strong>in</strong>gen University 13
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
<strong>forest</strong> function <strong>concept</strong><br />
Functions - Services - Dem<strong>and</strong>s<br />
� „<strong>forest</strong> function“ <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong><br />
• does not asses the <strong>forest</strong> ecosystem functionality<br />
• nor the <strong>forest</strong> ecosystem services<br />
• but the societal dem<strong>and</strong> for ecosystem services to be provided<br />
• <strong>in</strong> order to consider them as equally important<br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>forest</strong> management<br />
� dem<strong>and</strong> or requirement profile<br />
� provision or performance profile<br />
different<br />
<strong>in</strong>dicators<br />
R. Bürger-Arndt: Nature Conservation & L<strong>and</strong>scape management / Gött<strong>in</strong>gen University 14<br />
...
<strong>forest</strong> management<br />
experience &<br />
objective<br />
natural sciences /<br />
ecology<br />
<strong>forest</strong> <strong>functions</strong> <strong>concept</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Germany</strong><br />
<strong>concept</strong>ual <strong>in</strong>terrelations<br />
ecosystem pattern<br />
& configuration<br />
elements, composition<br />
distribution<br />
biophysical structures<br />
& processes<br />
Ecosystem<br />
funtion<strong>in</strong>g<br />
habitats<br />
self regulation<br />
production<br />
<strong>in</strong>formation<br />
Change & adaption plann<strong>in</strong>g &<br />
management<br />
potential<br />
l<strong>and</strong>scape<br />
studies<br />
L<strong>and</strong>scape<br />
ecosystem<br />
goods,<br />
services<br />
<strong>and</strong><br />
benefits<br />
access<br />
subjective<br />
social & cultural<br />
sciences / humanities<br />
human society<br />
& culture<br />
ideas, <strong>concept</strong>s<br />
beliefs<br />
know how<br />
& techniques<br />
human<br />
requirements<br />
dem<strong>and</strong>s<br />
expectations<br />
perceptions<br />
values<br />
<strong>forest</strong><br />
function<br />
<strong>mapp<strong>in</strong>g</strong><br />
human<br />
knowledge<br />
R. Bürger-Arndt: Nature Conservation & L<strong>and</strong>scape management well / Gött<strong>in</strong>gen be<strong>in</strong>g<br />
University / BÜRGER-ARNDT (Draft 2009) 15
Thanks for your attention !<br />
If you are work<strong>in</strong>g or <strong>in</strong>terested<br />
<strong>in</strong> the field of <strong>forest</strong> ecosystem services<br />
please contact me<br />
Renate Bürger-Arndt<br />
Chair for Nature Conservation & L<strong>and</strong>scape Management<br />
Georg-August University - Gött<strong>in</strong>gen<br />
rbuerge@gwdg.de / www.naturschutz.uni-goett<strong>in</strong>gen.de<br />
R. Bürger-Arndt & C. Riegert / Professur für Naturschutz und L<strong>and</strong>schaftspflege - Uni Gött<strong>in</strong>gen 16
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