50 52 53 South gallery, Emperor John II Komnenos and Empress Irene The emperor is shown in the act <strong>of</strong> donation, presenting a purse <strong>of</strong> money to the Virgin and Christ child. The empress holds a scroll. The portrait dates to ca. 1118/22. (photo: Byzantine Institute) South gallery, Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos and Empress Zoe with Christ enthroned, partially cleaned (photo: Byzantine Institute, 1934)
54 Conservator’s notebook entry Diagram <strong>of</strong> the three layers <strong>of</strong> plaster underlying the Deesis panel. Pencil, watercolor, and ink on paper. (Byzantine Institute, W. Gregory, diary, 1937, notebook 74) were found by the conservators under the mosaic tesserae in <strong>Hagia</strong> <strong>Sophia</strong>, spanning the time <strong>of</strong> Justinian in the sixth century to the thirteenth- and fourteenthcentury Palaeologan period. The same system <strong>of</strong> plaster applications is also found in Byzantine churches in Greece, Italy, Russia, and Georgia. A drawing <strong>of</strong> the three layers <strong>of</strong> plaster, mosaic tesserae, and Fossati plaster covering the original mosaics was made by the conservator <strong>of</strong> the Deesis panel in the south gallery (Figs. 54-59). The plaster applications consist <strong>of</strong> a rendering bed, an intermediary bed, and a setting bed. 41 The rendering bed is applied directly on the brick wall. The technique, see P. A. Underwood, The Kariye Djami, I (New York, 1966), 172-83, with bibliography; E. Kitzinger, The <strong>Mosaics</strong> <strong>of</strong> Monreale (Palermo, 1960), 64-68; P. A. Underwood and E. J. W. Hawkins, “The Apse <strong>Mosaics</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Hagia</strong> <strong>Sophia</strong> at <strong>Istanbul</strong>: Report on Work Carried Out in 1964,” <strong>Dumbarton</strong> <strong>Oaks</strong> Papers 19 (1965), 132-41; E. J. W. Hawkins, “Further Observations on the Narthex <strong>Mosaics</strong> in <strong>Hagia</strong> <strong>Sophia</strong> at <strong>Istanbul</strong>,” <strong>Dumbarton</strong> <strong>Oaks</strong> Papers 22 (1968), 153-55 and 165-66; E. Kitzinger, “Mosaic Technique,” Encyclopedia <strong>of</strong> World Art (New York, 1972), X: cols. 325-27 and cols. 354-55 for a brief bibliography; C. Mango and E. J. W. Hawkins, “The <strong>Mosaics</strong> <strong>of</strong> St. <strong>Sophia</strong> at <strong>Istanbul</strong>: The Church Fathers in the North Tympanum,” <strong>Dumbarton</strong> <strong>Oaks</strong> Papers 26 (1972), 17; A. H. S. Megaw and E. J. W. Hawkins, The Church <strong>of</strong> the Panagia Kanakariá at Lythrankomi in Cyprus: Its <strong>Mosaics</strong> and Frescoes, <strong>Dumbarton</strong> <strong>Oaks</strong> Studies 14 (Washington, D.C., 1977), 132-36; R. Cormack and E. J. W. Hawkins, “The <strong>Mosaics</strong> <strong>of</strong> St. <strong>Sophia</strong> at <strong>Istanbul</strong>: The Rooms above the Southwest Vestibule and Ramp,” <strong>Dumbarton</strong> <strong>Oaks</strong> Papers 31 (1977), 214; D. Mouriki, The <strong>Mosaics</strong> <strong>of</strong> Nea Moni on Chios (Athens, 1985), 94-106. 41 <strong>Dumbarton</strong> <strong>Oaks</strong>, Byzantine Photograph and Fieldwork Archives, W. Gregory, diary, 1935, notebook 16. 51
- Page 1 and 2: Mosaics of Hagia Sophia, Istanbul:
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- Page 5 and 6: Acknowledgments The catalogue and e
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- Page 11: 7 5 6 (above) General view of Hagia
- Page 14 and 15: 9 10 (right) Inner narthex, looking
- Page 16 and 17: 13 Detail, the dome Each rib of the
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- Page 22 and 23: 19 22 Central nave after the Fossat
- Page 24 and 25: 21 24 Fossati patterns in the apse
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- Page 28 and 29: Diagram of the mosaics in the south
- Page 30 and 31: 30 28 North tympanum, lunette, St.
- Page 32 and 33: 30 sion Hagia Sophia was closed for
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- Page 38 and 39: during the search for the figural p
- Page 40 and 41: 36 Apse conch and bema vault The ce
- Page 42 and 43: 39 South gallery, testing of the mo
- Page 44 and 45: tached tesserae were reset by gluin
- Page 46 and 47: 48 Gridding the apse mosaic During
- Page 48 and 49: 50 48 Central nave, looking east To
- Page 52 and 53: 52 55 56 South gallery, the Deesis
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- Page 58 and 59: 63 Conservator’s notebook entry I
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- Page 64 and 65: 67 Central nave in the morning, loo
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- Page 68 and 69: apse and three letters from the ins
- Page 71: Plate 2 Tracing of a Latin cross Gr
- Page 75: Plate 4 Reproduction of St. Ignatio
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