Jimma University College of Public Health and Medical Sciences

Jimma University 

College of Public Health 

and Medical Sciences 

an Overview 

April 17-20, 2010 

5/3/2010 Abraham Haileamlak, MD

� Low pay 

National Situation 

� 

Run away from the public sector 

• Abroad (Western world, South African 

countries, Middle East) 

• Local (NGOs, Private sector) 

� Public Health units, Teaching institutions 

remained under staffed 


Government Response 

� Massive production of low level professionals 

“Health Extension Workers” 

� Increase production of Mid-level Health workers 

• Health officers (Generic, Accelerated program) 

• Nurses (Diploma, BSN) 

� Increase production of High level professionals 

• MD 

• DMD 

� Retain in the public sector 

� Strategies followed 

• New schools opened at every level 

• Intake Increased in existing schools 

• Set a must public obligatory service 



8.5 TREND ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF SELECTED HEALTH WORKERS (EFY 1997 2001) 

Category 

Physician (GP & Specialist) 

5/3/2010 Abraham Haileamlak, MD 

Year 

1997 (2004/05) 1998 (2005/06) 1999 (2006/07) 2000 (2007/08) 2001 (2008/09) 

2,454 2,115 1,806 2,085 2,152 

Health Officer 776 715 792 1,242 1,606 

All Nurses 17,300 16,656 17,134 15,521 20,109 

Midwives 1,509 1,189 1,012 1,244 1,379 

Pharmacist 191 162 178 413 632 

Pharmacy Tech. 1,428 1,812 1,023 3,013 2,029 

Lab Technologist − − 172 − 866 

Lab Technicians 2,837 1,935 1,644 2,843 1,957 

Environmental Health 1,312 1,239 1,109 1,657 1,246 

HEW 2,737 8,901 17,653 24,571 30,578 

Total 37,397 41,444 45,950 54,946 66,314 

Source: Report on Human Resource for Health Profile Study by WHO, 2009, Ethiopia

Trend of physicians and health officers over 

5 years 

3,000 

2,500 

2,000 

1,500 

1,000 

500 

0 

1997 

(2004/05) 

1998 

(2005/06) 

1999 

(2006/07) 


Pysician (GP+SP) 

Health Offficer 

2000 

(2007/08) 

2001 

(2008/09)

Jimma University’s 

Contribution to The national call 

and 

Its Innovative way of Training 


A NATIONAL PIONEER IN COMMUNITY BASED 

EDUCATION OF HIGHER LEARNING 


BACKGROUND 

� Jimma University: established in December 

1999 (JCA, 1952 & JIHS, 1983) 

� The founding Faculties were 5 

� Currently restructured in 6 colleges 


VISION 

… leading public premier 

in the country, renown in 

Africa and recognized in 

the world. 

BACKGROUND … 


BACKGROUND… 

Mission 

•JU trains higher caliber 

professionals at undergraduate 

and post-graduate levels through 

its cherished and innovative 

community-based educational 

approach. 

• It is making every endeavor to 

address societal needs and 

promote holistic and sustainable 

development in the country. 


Statistical information 

BACKGROUND … 

Total undergraduate student population for 2009 is 

32,190. 

Of these; � Female accounts only for 30% 

� Undergraduate = 31,714 

� Regular= 15,595 

� Evening = 3230 

� Summer = 5785 

� Distance = 7104 

� Postgraduate = 476 


Graduates so far 

Statistics … 

� JU has graduated 28,853 students 

� Health discipline in general 6700 

� Medicine more than 1000 


COLLEGE OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND 

MEDICAL SCIENCES 

• Established in 1983 

• Has 9 schools and 32 

departments 

• Trains professionals with 

BSc, MD, DMD, Clinical 

Specialty, MPH and MSc 


… Medical … 

Undergraduate Programs 

1. Human Medicine 

2. Dentistry 

3. Pharmacy Medical Laboratory 

Technology 

4. Health Officer 

5. Anesthesia 

6. Cataract Surgery 

7. Nursing 

8. Environmental health 

9. Public Health education 


….Medical…. 

Postgraduate programs 

� Specialty in Internal medicine 

� Specialty in Surgery 

� Specialty in Pediatrics and Child Health 

� Specialty in Gynecology-Obstetrics 

� Specialty in Ophthalmology 

� Specialty in pathology 

� Master in Microbiology 

� Master in Clinical Pharmacy 

� Master in Laboratory technology 

� Master in Epidemiology 

� Master in Reproductive Health 

� Master in Health service management 

� Master in Monitoring and Evaluation 

� Master in Hospital and Health care administration 

� Master in Environmental health 

� Master in Health Education 

� Masters in Nursing 


… Medical … 

Medical Curriculum 

� A six year program 

� 1 year premedical 

� 2 year preclinical 

� 2 year clinical 

� 1 year internship 

� New intake is increasing every year 

� Follows an innovative teaching approach, 

CBE 


Number 

300 

250 

200 

150 

100 

50 

0 

…medical… 

Trend of yearly intake 

6th 5th 4th 3rd 2nd 1st 

Study year 


Medicine 

Dentistry 

HO 

Nursing 

Pharmacy

THE PHILOSOPHY OF JIMMA UNIVERSITY - 

COMMUNITY BASED EDUCATION (CBE) 

�CBE is a means of achieving 

educational relevance. 

�Uses the community as a learning 

environment 

�Students, teachers, members of the 

community and representatives of 

other sectors are actively engaged 

throughout the educational 

experience. 

�Benefits both the students and the 

community. 


CBE… 

� Is introduced from the beginning the 

educational process, 

� Is continuous through out the curriculum, 

� Is contextualized to planned educational 

goals and objectives, 

� The learning takes place within the 

community rather than in classroom setup 

� Covers a minimum of 20% of the study time 

� Is learner centered 


CBE… 

� It follows the problem solving steps: 

� Identification of the study community 

� Develop investigation tools 

� Collect data 

� Process and analyze data 

� Prioritize problems 

� Draw action plan 

� Carryout intervention 

� Evaluate and monitor the intervention 


CBE has Spiral nature of arrangement over the 

study time 

Internship 

Community Based Education 

First year 


Core CBE strategies 

Three Core strategies; 

1. Community Based Training Programme (CBTP) 

� Runs in phases from first year to graduation. 

� Each phase has specifically defined educational objectives. 


… CBE strategies 

� Students as a group (10-12) are assigned to 

urban, semi-urban or rural communities. 

� Collect data �Analyze �Prioritize 

�Intervene 



2. Team Training Program (TTP) 

• Final year, students posted as a team 

(each team consists of up to 40 

students) in health centers. 

• It enables students to; 

� work as a team in addressing the 

problems of the community. 

� apply the knowledge and skills of 

their profession. 

� learn through hands on 

experience and in real life 

situations. 



TTP→→ → DTTP (Being Implemented in Post graduate 

programs) 

�Multifaceted problem � multi-disciplinary approach. 

�Team comprising graduating students from all programs 

engage themselves in developmental works. 

�They will be assigned to a local community ('woreda') for 

two months. 

� DTTP enables students to work in a team with different 

professionals to make a difference in development. 



3. Student Research Project (SRP) 

� Research is a must for 

all JU students 

� To enhance students’ 

problem solving skill 

� Problem oriented 

� Community based 

� Scientifically & ethically 

acceptable 

� Feasible & action 

oriented 

� 


Link and Partnership 

� Ludwig Maximilian University, Germany 

� Rostock University, Germany 

� THET 

� Nottingham University and City Hospital 

� Brown University, USA 

� Tulane University, USA 

� Yale University, USA 

� Clinton Foundation 

� ICAP international 

� College of Nursing, Netherlands 

� Ghent University, Belgium. 

� CDC Ethiopia 

� St. Andrew University, Nigeria 

� Leadership in Public Health Alliance 

� Copenhagen University, Denmark 

� Save a Child Heart, Israel 

� All Ethiopian Medical schools 


� Low pay 

CHALLENGES 

� Lack of Vertical training options 

� Run away 

� Shortage of academic staff 

� Shortage of training facilities/infrastructure 

• Laboratories 

• Hospitals 

• Health centers 


� Temporarily 

Solutions 

� Employing expatriate staff 

� Employing part-time staff 

� Use distant hospitals and health centers 

� Partnership 


� Long term 

� Train more staff 

� Undergraduate 

� Postgraduate 

Solutions… 

� Attract and Retain Strategy 

• Better living environment 

• Residence 

• Community school 

• Recreational areas 

• Arrange free urban plot of land 

• Better working environment 

� Research 

� Partnership 

� Expansion 


EXPANSION 



Modern Hospital construction 


Hospital… 


Further information 

JU mother website 

�www.ju.edu.et 

� Flemish Universities Council and JU 

�www.ju.edu.et/iucju/ 

� Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences 

�www.ejhs.ju.edu.et 


THANK YOU!

Jimma University College of Public Health and Medical Sciences

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