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GIFT OF
Harry E. Stevens
^

A VOCABULARY
OB^ THE
SHANGHAI DIALECT.
BY
J. EDKINS, B.A. Univ. Coll. Loud.
Of The London Missionary/ Society/,
AUTHOR OP A GRAMMAR OP THE SHANGHAI DIALECT AND A
GRAMMAR
\: ,
S^'*
-^
(ip^rtfE CHINESE COLLOQUIAL LANGUAGE
COMMONLY CALLED MANDARIN.
.
SHANGHAI;
PRESBYTERIAN MISSION PRESI
1869.

PREFACE.
This little work is intended as a brief manual to accompany
a grammar of the Shanghai dialect recently republished.
The original purpose was to bind it with that work, but at
the instance of the publisher it is now issued separately.
The assistance of Rev, G. Owen has been kindly rendered
in the correction of the sheets as they passed through the
press.
tll22^f)
J. E.

A VOCABULARY
OF THE
SHANGHAI DIALECT.
RULES FOR USING THE ORTHOGRAPHY HERE ADOPTED.
1. The accent marks long vowels i, e, a, 6, d, pronounced
as the vowel in feel, fail, father, foal, fool.
-s^.
Vowels not accented are the five short vowels correspond-
ing to these ; e, g, in fin, fen, fan, fop, fun.
3. The remaining vowels are o, ti, au, u, eu, pronounced as
in konig, une, auburn, ^, |f .
4. The initial consonants k, t, p, f, s, are pronounced high
and with the English and Scotch sound. When k, t, p, take
an aspirate as in the pronunciation of some parts of Ireland
and the United States, they are written k', t', p'. These with
the vowels and h' a strong aspirate, constitute the upper series.
5. The initials g, d, b, v, z with ng, n, m, 1, rh, a soft as-
pirate h, and vowel initials form the lower series. The italic k,
t, etc, are to be pronounced two full musical notes lower than
the roman k, t, etc., and are counted as the same with g, d, &c.
6. The nasals m, ng, n,
without a vowel are italicised.
7. Final n when italicised is pronounced very indistinctly.
8. The superior commas on the left and right of a word,
mark the second and third tones. Final h, k and g, indicate the
short tone. Words not thus marked are all in the first tone.
The series is know by the^initial as in the native mode of spell-
i^^S. JK-m? Fan-t'sih,

IV
Symbols,
Pronunciation and Examples.
a as a in father; fg k'a, luipe', ^ pa', wot'sJiip^
a as in sand, or in hat; fg- k'a?i, lead; ^ lah,
IV ax.
au as in Pawl, or as a in Ml, ar o in gone; ^ 'lau
old.
b or p as in g i?ingS sickness; ^g sang bing*,
^o Z>e
d or if as in jg fan', doctrine', %^ Jg zun dau*, men
canonizedfor tlieir virtues.
dz a compound of c? and %', ^ dzing', exhaust^
dzz do. as c?2e in acZ^e. The second z marks a pecu-
e .
as
liar vowel sound which is sometimes between i
and e, ^ dzz, ^o leave.
a^' in fail, or a in male; >j$ le, come.
e as e in led or let; -^ seh, ten.
eu nearly as ou in cowsin lengthened; !^ 'seu, hand.
f as in ^ fu, or ^^ /^^iau* fu, chair-hearer.
g or /J as in ^ A:i, 7ie, before ^, it often heart likey? ; 5^^
7^ Ling* tsung', altogether,
h a feeble aspirate, often lost; ^ 7ieh, combine; ^
7iwong, emperor. When quite lost, as in the
latter word, it will be omitted.
h and h' a strong guttural aspirate, nearly equivalent to
sh when occurring before i and ii; f 'he, sea; ^
'h'l, glad. Before i and ii, the superior comma
will be used.
i as i in marzne; "jg si, tuest,
i as i in smg or sit; ijj sing, heart.
This sound
dj nearly as/ iue/une; )f, djii*, preface.
also be read z. The natives use either.
may
k '^'^ 'ku kiun, ancient and moder7i,
k' a strongly aspirated sound ^ k'ung, empty. It
is often mistaken by foreign ears when occurring
defore i and ii, for the aspirated c*h but should
be separated from that sound in careful pronun-

Symbols.
'
Pronunciatioa and Examples.
ciation; ^ k'i^, go; usually heard c'lil'.*
1 IS 'li; pi^opriety.
m or m ^ 'mi, rice] pM^ on meh, there is no more.
n ^ 'nil, luoman.
ng or ng a nasal consonant used at the beginning or close
of a syllable. When no distinct vowel sound ac-
companies it, it is marked ng] XL kong, river;
W^S^,I;%'ng,Ji.ve.
an, en, un a slight nasal, best heard before another word;
-(0 td.n\ but; g^ 'ke?i, dare] ^ ku?i, dry, ^s(m\
count; ^H hen 'tseii, to tvhirl roimd.
6
o
as in go; fg -p' 6% fear,
as o in going and got; ^ tong, ought, hear] ^
loh, fall,
X.
6 as o in Gothe; ^ ton, correct] ^ k'cm*, see; ^
^oli, ro6.
P jfc 'pi compare,
p' as p with a strong aspirate; ^ i)'i', like,
rh a peculiar Chinese sound, the same as in man-
darin; ijfo
rh a7id.
s
]E5 'su, zvhichj therefore.
sz a peculiar Chinese sibilant,t pronounced as in
mandarin, and nearly as ^e in castle, whistle, t,
1, being supposed omitted; |f ^zp)oetry^
t ^ tu, many.
t' as t with a strong aspirate; ^ t'u, ^o draio,
ts
fl^ tsu^, c?o.
ts' the last strongly aspirated; 5^ t'sieu, Autumn,
tsz a peculiar Chinese sibilant, pronounced as in
* When a native is asked whether k'i' or c^hi' is the more correct pronun-
ciation of -^ he replies the former. Yet the orthography by c'hi' seems to
the foreigner
more hke the true sound. The fact is that the sound is in a
state of transition from k'i to c'hi.
t This sound is better described as s and a peculiar vowel i or t, s, and i*
The mark i denotes a vowel peculiar to China but like e in ca.sfle.

VI
S3^mbols.
Pronunciation and Examples.
mandarin, as ts in hats ; ^
hioio.
'tsz, a son ; ^ tsz,
t8*z the above with a strong aspirate ; j^ i'^z, female,
su*, common, 'plain,
u as w in r?^le ; ^
u as It in vun ; f^ mun, doo7' ; ^ 'tung, toait.
ii French u as in vert?^ German ti as in ; Tubingen ;
^ h'ii, empty.
. ft ^ ts'ii*, place. This vowel is between 6 and u.
V or / -jgf, /eh, Buddha ; ^ /ong, /iowse. More of v
than f.
w % kwongj liglit ; ^
2(;ong, /^m^.
; y yeu*, right-hand ; ^ yau^,
z or 5 ^ siang*, elephant ; ^
to ivant,
zu', 5z^.
An apostrophe' preceding the word, denotes the second^
tone.
A comma ^
following the word, denotes the third tone.
The fourth tone will be written with h, k or g final.
Words left unmarked are in the first tone. *
* The further subdivision into upper and lower tones needs no mark, being
indicated uniformly by the initial letter. Thus, b, g, d, z, 1, m, n, r, and
any letters itaHcized are in the lower tones; other initial letters denote upper
tones. There are a few exceptions which will be noted afterwards. A final ita-
lic letter denotes a nasal.

A VOCABULAKY
OP THE
SHANGHAI DIALECT.
A, An, f0 ih
ku', (or kuh).
Abactig, ^^sun'Un.
Abandon, ^^ k'i'
t'eli, ^ fi'
fell, 111 hwah t'eh, ^ tieu t'eli,
ill gw{\n' t'eh.
Abate, M^ 'kaw 'sail, J]^|S 'ka
k'iung.
Ability, :t1f dz^ dzing, ^-1. dz6
g^iS 5C^ Vien dz6, ;$;y 'pun
zz'.
Able, Hb niing (power),
(skill).
we'
Abolish, g^JK dzu t'eh, ^ fi.
t'eh.
Abominable, rT^ 'k'6 uS pflS 'k'6
/mng', (or ng').
About, (round) Jr|H tseu w^e, (adv.)
M^$ ts'6 vehtu, gg ^en, $4
gjyahkw6, ^5@5yahtsah, E p6,
^IjIS; kwong 'kiun.
Above, Jill 'zong deu.
Abridge, MW 'ka
t'eh.
Abroad, i^hM nga' deu.
'sang, iilS; 'ka^
Abscess, Jg^ nilng t'.song, ^If^
law' diins'.
Absent, ^ija veh leh 'la, ffi P^
^ t'seh mim 'tse.
Absolutely, ^iJg pj], ^ingS ff ff
^ to' t5' ha, gf^^^ tor.' zc, ^
^ kioh veh.
Abstain, 5g ka', (from ophim) ^@
ka' i/ien.
Absurd, :^^jf [^ veh 7.eh dzing
% ^&M veh 'zz 'li.
Abuse, g^ vong' jmng' (of things),
ill^yv mo' niim (of persons).
Accept, i[5:|^ sen neh, ^ 'zeu, ^
'pfl seu ling.
Accidentally, i^j(M ^ngen y.en.
Accompany, ^^-^ ih dau k'l'.
Accomplish, ^:PJ) zungkuxig, {^^
J& tsu' zung kung, f^ij tsu' 'hau.
Account, 15 tsang', fig tsang
moh, (draw up an) g^.^g k't5 tsang'.
Accountable, (you are) ^P^fl yau'
mun' nung', gl^fl yau' w6'
nun

ADC
Accumulate, ^^ - tsih h'ioh.
Accurate, ^^ veh t's6, ^i
te' ku'.
Accuse, -^ kau', JS"^ k'ung
kau'.
Accuser, (plaintiff) /^"^ nior. kau'.
Accustomed, |^^ kwa' 'tse, (to
do) fjx^jj^.^ tsu' kwan' 'tse, (to say)
fg"'lM^ '^^'^' kwa' 'tse (experien-
ced) ^ f:j* ne' Aong.
Ache, ^ t'ung'.
Acid, ^ sun.
Acknowledge, pS niung', E?

AIR
(Sin) f#P tuh 'dzue, (rebel) fMM
i?e' iiiuh.
Agate, ^^ 'mo 'nau,
Age, (generation) "tS sz', fij te\
(what is your) Mff^^fc 'ki 'Imu
niew^kr, '^J^ 'ki 'iiau kwe kangl
IhJ^^ 'ki 'hau kau zeu' 1
Aged, :^$E;^C^ nie ki' du' ^tse,
^^ 'laii
'tse.
Agent, fiiil^lS
te' baw' zz' ku'.
Aggravate, M^iMM'lM yob fab
naw w6 dzing.
Aggressor, :$fcJJ^f@ sie 'dung
'sea ku', 5bT:^f@ sie 'au 'seu
ku'.
Agitate, f^JJ kiau' (kau') 'dung.
Agree, ^0-^ siang heh, ^^ vu
Aeb, -^^ Aeh zab.
Agreeable, (in manner &c.) ^^ /ni
ki\
Agreement, >^ [pj /^eh dung, 35^
^vunk'iS(makean) $
S yah ding'.
yah, $5
Agriculture, ^^^ niing zz', f^H
IS-P'BS tsiing'
die;^ kii zz' 't'i.
.Aground, Jf|f3^ koh 't'sie;? 'tse, f|
'^^ koh lau 'tse'.
Ague, M^M fah 'o nyih, g-J^
ngoh 'tsz, (tertian) HS saw ngoh.
Ahead, Ji hJH 'la ziew deii.
Aid, 4f|!j pongdzu', ?te^f siang
pong.
Aim, (at target) iRj^iFfE.^ h'iang'
^ah tsz 'p6 'tsz, (shoot with careful
aim) inMiLM^iia^ kw
'tsungtsz dzieu' zoh ts'eh k'i'.
Air, ^ k'i-, Jg^ fung k'i'.
Air, (to) JgJJ Jiang liang, (a room)
ALT
3lE5SH t'lmg t'ung fung
Alarm, fffQ kiung hah, g|5
kiung 'dxlng.
Alas ! RT'It 'k'6 sih.
Alehouse, 'ffl/J 'tsieii tie;.
Alike, ;tefpl siang dung, ^ ih
yang'.
All, ^ dze>^, -^ fob, ilH 'Mng
'tsung, (in all) ^ ib gung', (all
the Avay) J ih lu'.
Allot, (equally) 2p^ ^;ing f^^, J^
^ kiim fun.
Allow, f^ 'h'ii, fj 'niang, ?g
'tsung.
Almanac, ^;$: lib 'pun, Ji^' t'ung
su.
Almighty, ^^^Ftg vii 'supeh
nung, SB Hb dziew nung.
Almond, ^fH '/iang niun.
Almost, M^^ ts'oveb tu, ^^
^ 'ki 'ki /m.
Alms, (give) fi^if^. tsu"hau zz',
f&t^ sz so', ^MM tseu tsi' kiung sih.
f^'l
Aloes, MW lii u-(i'.
Alone, JS^-^^ /oh kun 'tsz,
^ ih kuw 'tsz.
^^^
Along, (with) --'M ih dau, [pJ
ih dung, ^"^ ih k'i'.
Alongside, Ji^^ 'la bong pie;?,
jMj^ haw pie.
Aloud, :/c ^u'
(iJaO sung.
Already, Bg 'i
kiung.
Also, ^ 'a, 3J. i', 5 wa, Ig
tse'.
Altar, ^JE tsi' daw,
Alter, gfc ^ke, IJgi; kang 'k6, H

ANG
^ kang yuh, EJCft 'ke pie??, EJcf^
'ke WQn\
Alternate, (nmnbers) f@P'~'f@
ih ku' kah ih kuS (days) fg H kah
nyih or nyili kah nyih.
Alternately, '^ lung lieu, J|
@ kang t'i'.
Although, S^,^^ sue ze.
Altogether, ^|li. /mng' 'tsung, '"^
-gB ih ts'ih, ^fffS? ih tah
kwah 'tsz,
heS (or heu')
* ^Wi'fii ih k'i leh
Alum, 5p vaw, j^^ j^ah va.
Always, ^ ^ dzang dzang, ^ i
dzang tsong.
Am, (I) 3?-^ 'ngu 'zz.
Amazed, :?^-3* h'i gi, l^ h'iae P.
Ambassador, 2^^ kimg sz', ^^
k'iung ts'a.
Amber, J| J^ 'hu p'ah.
Amend, BJCJE 'ke tsung^
Amends, (make) ip^ i)6 'pu.
Amiable, PT^ 'k'6 e'.
Among, fe^ long tsilng, (them)
S'0^'^4' leh 'la i tong tsiing.
Amount, ^pT ^ung' ki', '5^ ih
Mng'.
Amputate, ^jjIK koh (kweh) t'eh.
Amusement, ^)[5 sa?^' sing, ^^B
i?eh siang'.
Ancestor, |i.^ 'tsu tsung, flQ.^ 'tsu
siew.
Anchor, ig mau, (to) Jlig p'au
mau, (weigh) fefg 'k'i mau.
Ancient, ifr 'kii, (times) "^flffe^
'ku zz ka.
And, P^lau, jg liew, \%i^ tah tsz.
Angel, 5C'ffi t'ie; sz'. I
Aro
Anger, f^M* nu' k'i'.
Angle, ;^ koh.
Angry, JJ^ 'A'mgk'i', ^^ k'i' le,
IS^fah nu'.
Animal, 4*^ tsung sang, flft
fi giun 'tseu sen', (domestic)
H ^ ts'oh sang.
Aniseed, xob^ h'iang.
Anniversary, (of birth) ^ sang
nyih, ^ taw' nyih.
Ankle, Jimi^i^ kiah ku' kweh.
Annoy, ^.l^t 'za yien", St^ va^i
'nau.
Annually, ^^ niew niew, -i^:^ 'me
nien.
Another, 3l::""f@ i' 'zz ih ku',
:S^h f hng' uga' ih ku', JglJ
J9ih or^ih ku'.
Answer, IHIM we deu, ISI^t^etah
(an) mi iH we sing'.
Ant, ,^^ 'mo 'ni.
Anticipate, ^/fi|* ii' liau', 5|^^4*
niuh liau'.
Anvil, litl t'ih tung'.
Anxious, ^,'J kwo' niaw', ^i^
kwo'lii', ]3x>li*^ veh fong' sing,
]K>i3'7'T' fong' sing veh 'au.
Any, ^Silltt veh lung' sa', (not) P^
R^ ^n sa', P,%^ w tub, (has any?)
^1]^ 'yen sa' 'va?
Apart, ^ g koh zz', M^lll 'liang
k'i' ku'.
Apartment, ^^^ vong ka.
Apiece, (one) fiflU A5}^ fi ku'
kii' niun fun ih ku'.
Apologize, Rp^S pe veh 'zz, Jg

ARO
^^ tsau veh 'zz, jJRpp voh 'dzue,
|fp
zid' 'dzue.
Apparatus, i'$.^ ka sang, :^JI11 k'i'
'ming.
Appear, MiH^ li'ie' ts'eli le.
Appearance, /fll^ siaiig' mau', Jjp;
'l^ yung ziang'.
Apple, ^^ ping 'ku, (a small) ^
ifX liwo Aung.
Apply, (mind) ^i\^ lieu sing.
Appoint, Ixjt sell lib, jtlti lili
ts'eh, i!^ p'a'.
Appraise, fj^ 'ku, 'ftaM
'l

Ass, IS-^
ATT
Ivi 'tsz.
Assassin, 3^lj'^ t'sz' k'ah (murder-
er) ^i^ h'iung 'sen.
Assemble, ^I'i' dzu' wq\ f^M
dzu' dzih.
Assent, M-A Jung' 'yiinj 7% 'tsnng,
^S tall yung'.
Assess, ( custom dues ), "^^ 'ku
sue'.
Assets, f^.M$M^ yw dzung' dziew
veil.
Assign, ( a time ) [JB/E ? ^^3,n'
ding' nyih 'tsz.
Assist, ^S& pong dzu', ffi^ siang
pong.
Assistant, ^ff 'hu ki', (official) l]
fu'.
Associate, (an) |pjfi^ ^ling bew', ^^
f4- /au be^?', (to) f^jl^ tsu' dau,
^fi le'wong.
Asthma, ^Pj^ k'i' ts'ew, B^M ^^^u
bing'.
Astonish, SPS kiung hah.
Astrologer, ^ JItB k'ow' sing siang'.
Astronomy, 5c3^
t'ien vun.
Asylum, (infant) ^U^ yoh yung
dong.
At, fil Ji leh 'la, jfcji hh 'la.
Atmosphere, ^ k'i', 5C^ t'iew
k'i'.
Atrocious, ^^ h'iung oh.
Attack, ^^y kung 'tang.
Attain, f# tuh, #JlJ tuh tau',
JlJ tsu' tau'.
Attempt, '^fSi:^ tsu' tsu' k'ow', SS
^^ sz' sz' k'6/i'.
Attend, ">& lieu sing.
Attentive, ^>ii1[S yung' sing kuS
iS fe'kiung zun'.
c>
BAC
Attest, fS^P tsu' kie;^' tsung'.
Attract, $51 k'iew 'yun,' l||| h'ih,
(notice) fHJS tsau yau.
Auction, ffi^ p'ah ma', Pi^^ kiau'
ma'.
Aunt, (paternal) ^j5# ku 'mu, J^
^ 'iiiang 'niang, (maternal) ^7^^
i' mil, JS^ 'niang i.
Authority, 'llfl^ Ai6 ping', |i#
l-'ion sz'.
Autumn, ^ ts'ieu, ^7C ts'ieu t'iew.
Avail, (one's self of) ^ dzung, ^
t'sung' .
Avaricious, ^J few, J>C t'ew sing,
^gt'eTzlan, (16m)
Avenge, ffiffc pau* gieu, ffifl pau
dzeu.
Average, (price) JitlhRlff t'ung
ts'a ong dzing.
Avoid, %R 'mien t'eh, MR V^'
t'eh, 5S^ /i' t'e.
Awake, (to) g; kau', EEffi k'wung'
sing', fflft k'wung' kau'.
Awful, Pits 'k'6 p'6', 'ItaiB M'
p'6' ku'.
Awl, 11^
'tsz tsuw.
Awning, l^/JiS 2/ung liang bung
(or an l)ang)
Awry, ^ hwa,1^M ^^a zia.
Axe, ^H 'fu deu.
Axle, U /tioh, $|i ts'6 gioh.
JJachelor, (of arts) ^^^ sieu' dze,
(take degree of) jf|i^ tsing' hob,

BAN
3S?y^ tsing' sieii' dze.
Back, ^ pe', (bone) ?t#*g* pe
tsih kweh.
Back-door, ^P^ 'heu mun.
Backwards, ^^ t'e' /^en, (walk)
^I'S^
t'e' soh 'tseii.
Bacon, &|^f ^ Aa tsz nioh, Hl^
iew nioli.
Bad, ^ oh, ^ k'ieu.
Bag, ^ /6' PS 'k'eii do' g
nong.
Baggage, fj^ /^ang 'li.
Bail, {^ 'pan, (out) fJKlU^ 'pan
ts'eh 16, (became) fi^iS^A tsu' 'pau
niim.
Bait, f}f ni

BED
Basin, J% 'w6w, ^ pnn.
Basket, f^ law, S^S ^a den, ft
Iv'oiigf, fii loh, ^ 'lieu.
Bat,- &U Pien foil.
Bathe, ^1|f zing yoli, Sf 'si
(or 'sien) y6h,^|g# yoh sung.
Battery, ^\k^ P'au' de.
Battle, ^Tft 'tang tsang', (a suc-
cessful) tT/S^fet 'tang sung' tsang'.
Beach, y@5S '1^^ Pi^-
Beads, t^-p tsu 'tsz, (string of)
^^-f.
ill t'sew' tsu 'tsz.
Beam, ^ liang, (cross) }ffi|!iiil koli
sah.
Bean, j ^eu', (bean pod) jlFq
^eu* kiili, (curd) M.JM ^^u' vu'.
Bear, (carry) J9 ta?, (a cliair) JJ|
^6 giau', (a child) ^ sung, ^
yang, (sustain) ^B m tawtong.
Bear, (a) All niun yuug, ^^f^,
'keu yung.
Beard, ^ su.
Bearer, (chair) f^^ 7dau' fu, If
$[ 7.iau' paw, (letter) fififS taw
sing' ku'.
Beast, Hi seu', ^^ 'tseu seu',
(wnd)gfgi 'yaseu'.
Beat, ^"X 'tang.
Beautiful, Jf^ 'hau k'ow', fl| ts'u',
tilt piau tsz'.
Because, @^ ynng -e', ^J^ ivd'
tsz.
Beche-de-mer, |^
'he sun.
Become, ^ zun, f^ tsu', @ we.
Bed, tI^^C zong.
Bed-room, ^^ ngu' vong.
^
8
BEN
Bedding, S^m p'u keS ligg i;i,
den.
Bee, ^# fung, ft'jl| mih fung.
Beef, ^ ^ nieu uioh.
Beer, [SS p'^ 'tsieu.
Before, ;$fc sie^?, fJ'J ziew, flij BM. ziew,
(hand) Mife
i^' siew.
Befriend, flSffi tsau' yung', {g
15 tsau' ku'.
Beg, KJ 't'au, ^'C /"ieu.
Beggar, "S'^ft-J* kau' hw6' 'tsz, ^J
ffcf^ 't'au van' kiV, "^^ ch'^h
ke'.
Begin, f^ 'k'i, ^i 'k'i deu, gfj
^ '/ung 'seu, (work) j|5J[2 'k'i
kung, ^IC k'e* kung.
Beginning, ifcFM 'k'i deu, ft |(J 'k'i
t'su, ftxa 'k'i 'sz, (of heaven and
earth) ^ 5cS^ JM 'k'e t'iew p'ih di'.
Behalf,
(in)_ f^^ /e' t'i'.
Behead, ^BI sali deu.
Behind, j^^>l
'Aeu 'ti deu.
'Aeu deu
Believe, 'tBIb siang sing', fB
sing'.
Bell, tJ tsung, (small) $^ -ling, ff
fp t&uig ling.
Bellows, fij'J^ fung siang.
or
Belt,
'ti 'au.
^^ sohyauta'.
Bench, fjc@ 'paw tung'.
Below, TSH 'au deu, 'YM 'au 'ti
Bend, HftR^^ wawk'i6h'ts6wl6.
Benefactor, M^i. nng 'tsxu
Benefit, J-^S 'liau t'su', ^^ yuh
t'su'.
Benevolence, il'M zun 6', tf^. zun
tuh.

BLA
Bent, ft k'ioh, gft k'ioh k'ioh,
(of mind) J^fpJ tsz' li'iang'.
Bequeath, jg i, jB-^ i lieu, (pro-
perty) ffi-^S^ i lieu 't'saw nyih.
Besides, ^5f^ Iing< ngd', ^^ 'd
'yeu
Besiege, g] g tf6 k'wun^
Best, MM 'ting 'hau, :g'^ tsue'
'hau.
Bet, ^m 'tu s6sftfji 't4sung^
Betelnut, ;fJflU ping long.
Betray, ^g kii veu', (trust) ^fg
seh sing'.
Betroth, ^Jg p'a t'sing.
Better^ '^ftf kung^ 'hau, X^
?|^ i* 16 tub 'hau, (little) ^||J
'hau 'tie;?, if 38 'hau ih 'nga
(much) ifw$ 'hautuhtu.
Between, *g[i^ tong tsung.
Beware, |S|?5 'kiung bong, >J>>JJ
'siau sing.
Beyond, $^ nga', 5?MI nga' deu,
iy^h 'i ngaS (past) S* ku' k'i'.
Bill, l^^niungp'iauS MM dzien
p'iau', (to run so many days) ^^
Mp'iauS (of lading) ^S,^W pau'
hu' ta.
Bind, H voh, 3fe| tsah 'la^, ||[fU
'k'wuug 'pong, (books) fj ting',
Sir tsong ting'.
Bird, g 'tiau, ^,% 'tiau 'niau.
Birthday, ^ sang nyih, ^p
zeu' ta;'.
Bite, P^ 'ngau.
Bitter, ^ 'k'u.
Black, M huh, (black lead water)
J^7K iHib 'sz.
BOH
Blacksmith, |fg t'ih ziang'.
Bladder, )Jfg) ^ong kwong, 7jC^
'sz pau.
Blame, (to) ^ff tsah be'.
Blanket, ^M niung taw, ^^
niung hi'.
Bleach, ^1^ p'iau' bah.
Bleed, IUjSl ts'ehh'ioh, JJI'^ lieu
h'ioh.
Blemish, ^^ mau bing'.
Bless, WtM tsoh fob.
Blind, Pf [Ig bah 'nga, (man) ^"3^
hah 'tsz.
Blinds, jg-^ liew'tsz, (window) )fii
j^ ts'ong liew.
Blister, ^ p'au'.
Blood, jSl h'ioh, jfiL^- h'ioh mah.
Blossom, (to) g3 k'e, gg^ k'e hwo.
Blot, (to) Miiifi 16' Ob ts'oh, (with
ink) ^16' muh.
Blow, Pit t'sz, (out) PfC^JK t'sz
'yung t'eh.
Blue, ^ law (Jbright or sky) ^
t'sing.
Blunt, il Amg'.
Blush, MJLSIS miew' 'k'ungtsang,
li^ng, I5& fab hung.
Boar, t%.i^ yiung tsz.
Board, |g 'paw, 7|C|K mob 'paw.
Boast, pP k'w6 'k'eu, |f||| fah
'b'ii.
Boat, JU z6w, (boatman) :^^ zew
ka, (captain) j|gj^ zew 'tsu, ^
b^ 'lau da'.
Bodkin, Qi^f tsun ta' tsung.
Body, ^ sung, J|'ff sung 't'i.
Bohea-tea, S^S^ vi'i i dzu.

BOX
Boil, v.i. \^ 'kwim; r, t ^fS
sail 'kwim, (boiling) tS 'kwnn.
Boil, (cook by boiling) J^ zah, ^
'tsu, iV.
Boiling pan, il^-f ?r61i (oli) 'tsz.
Boils, ^ t'song, (small) @ tsili.
Bold, It;^
'ta du'.
Bolt, P5 sdh, ^^ seS (of door) f^
p5 mim sah.
Bond, iji^S y^h k^S ^^- vim su,
35c ic viink'i^
Bone, %W^ k5veli deu.
Bonnet, l|l|^ man' 'tsz.
Book, J^ su.
Bookcase, ^'^ sii ka', ^S| su
zu.
Boot, St h'iu, (lo\v) ^ Aa"tsz.
Borax, JU^J/ jpang so.
Border, ^H piew deu, (of clothes)
I^FH kiung deu.
Bore, U tsuw.
Borrow, fg tsia'.
Both, MfS 'liangkn', ^ dzew, ^
fob, Mf@:^ 'liang ku' dze??.
Bottle, ]\% pmg, (glass) S^^JK P^
11 bing.
Bottom, is 'ti.
Boundary, ^^ kiau ku' (cf a king-
dom) 5SSi piew 'kinng.
Bow, (to) t'song' 'z6, ^T?j^ 'tang
kung f^JS tsoli yih, (the head)
ffifilS
ti 'tau deu.
Bow and arrows, ^ g^ kung tsiew'.
Bowels, fliHi '^u dzang, fliife '^I'l
bi.
Bowl, J% wew, ^ pun, ^ 'tsa.
Box, ^J*. slang tsz.
10
BRE
Boy, >J>^ 'siau kuw, >J\|3 'siau
'no??, (servant) Sft^oE kun paw, (in
foreign hongs) 'si Du^ 'tsaw.
Bracelet, I^S zoh deu, ^|^ 'seu
zoh.
Braces, (for trousers) 'U'rlT k'u' ta'.
Braid, 5^'ii? piew ta', (flowered) /f^
*f^ hwo ta'.
Brain, UBi^. deu 'nau 'tsz, f|'^
'nau tsiang.
Bran, ^M& iACJSfP 'hulohyu4
Brass, pj ||p) t'sing dung, j|;^ wong
dung.
Brave, (adj.) M^ 'tj#dii.
Brave, (to) g mau', (rain) ^I^
mau' 'u, (danger) gj^ mau* 'h'ie/?,
(death) g5u uiau' 'sz.
Brawl, PfPi h'iow 'zang, 0^^^
'ts'au nau'.
Broad, SsBMe deu.
Breadth, ^^^ k'weh ah.
Break, (china) ^J^ 'tang se', ?fJK
se' t'eh, (a stick) flf ^ff tseh 'dow,
(rope) ^Jilt '^o'^ t'eh, (one's word)
^fK seh sing'.
Breakfast, -^fli 'tsau va??'.
Breast, BlSBSlM h'iung dong deu, (a
woman's) ^ 'na, 'ma 'ma.
Breastplate, BS^L*^ '^u' sing kiung'.
Breath, ^ k'i', P^ k'eu k'i'.
Breathe, jj^ t'eu* k'i'.
Breaches, '^^-f" k'u' 'tsz.
Breed, ^ 'yang, (silkworm) ^S

*
'yang z6.
r.RO
Breeze, S fiing, (fair) JMB zim'
fung.
Brethren, 52.^ h'iung di' or tV
h'iung.
Brew, fj^jg tsii' 'tsieu, RSffi niang'
'tsieii.
Bribe, Jf n 'liw6 luS S suh.
Brick, {flpM ts6 den, (square) ^
flU fong tse. *
Bricklayer, j[Ji:7jCE ni 'sz ziang'.
Bride, S^^, sing niang 'tsz, j^
i^ sing vu.
Bridegroom, ^jf'ftliV singsiang kung>
jIItJII) sing long, j0f '^'Asingkwe;?
niu>
Bridge, |^ Z-iau'.
Bridle, falSE kiang zung.
Brief, f^M 'kie^ bie'.
Brig, ffi^itfeJlS 'liang tsz wd zen.
Bright, ^ liang', 0^^ niing liang'.
Brimstone, ^f^ lieu w.ong.
Brine, ^yiChan 'sz.
Bring, IS^ ta 16, ^]^ nau (no)
16, (an action) "^tI^ kau' zong'.
Bristles, ^|['S^ tsz tsung mau.
Brittle, fl^ ts'uw' (ts'e^'')-
Broad, ^ k'weh.
Broad-clotb, b^BS.^u' ni, ^It^
^ pkli dV hwo pu'.
Broil, ^ tsuh.
Broker, i%^ glen k'ah, (bill) J^
f^ ma' p'iau* ku'.
Broom, f^ 'sau 'tseu.
Brother, (elder) pj^ a ku, (younger)
>1^ Inungdi'.
Brother-in-law, (elder sister's husband)
11
BUT
ijfi^ tsi fu, (younger ditto) j^^
me' fu.
Bruise, fg song.
Brush, ^to) Si] seh, (a) ^!] mau
seh, (sweeping) ^."g: 'sau 'tseu.
Bucket, ti Vilng, ffiffi 'tiau 'dung,
7jC 'sz 'dung.
Bud, ^ nga, (to) ^^ pau' ng.\.
Buddhism, flli suh kiau', f^|^
veil kiau'.
Buffalo, (water) yJC^ 's^ nieu.
Bug, AA t'seu'dzung, ^JJ^t'seu'
seh.
Build, 5e 'zau.
*
Bullet,
da'.
Jf a', (leaden) l&Jf k'a;^
Bunch, (a) flf ih 'tseu.
Bundle, Q pau, $|| 'k'wun, 'g-^
pau 'tsz.
Bung, ^13 suh deu.
Burden, | ta.
Bum, JM sau, jUR sau t'eh, jg^M
sau -wa', ^ t'ong'.
Burst, ^m lib k'6, Ji^ pau k'o,
kwiih k'6.
Bury, 3^ md tsong.
Bush, iJ^I'K;?!; 'siau zu' moh, JjIH
kiung kiuh.
Bushel, ^ 'teu.
Business, :^f| zz' 't'l (do) ffi^
^g, tsu' sang i'.
Bustle, tt|J#^ mong 'li 16h teu.
Busy, tt mong, itHf^^^ mong
mong loh loh.
But, a^ toh 'zz, fO^ ijaw 'zz,
IS
vi doh.
Butcher, jf;^ /u fu, |S^3f@ sah
nioh ku'.

CAL
Butt, (to) M dzongS ts'oli, {1
Butter, S75f'nayeu.
Butterfly, Jfj^ Au dih.
Button, H!:^ 'nieu 'tsz, (official but-
ton) IK^ 'ting 'tsz.
Buy, g 'ma.
By, (instrument) ^ yung', (agent)
^Ji peh 'la, (through) ff 'tang,
iS yeu, (buy by the pint) f&^K
lun sung 'ma.
By and by, fefe maw' maw', ^ '
%. tung ih h'ih, ^^^ 'tung
ih 'tung.
Byword, fgfg zoh 'nii, |S|S wo'
'ping.
Vabbage, S^^ w'ong nga t'se',
llj^^S sa?i tung t's6'.
Cabin, j(8SJ&' ze t'song.
Cabinet, E"?* ^'ah 'tsz, (imperial)
*^^& kiiin ki t'su'.
Cable, (iron) ^WiMi^ mau t'ih
liew diau.
Cactus, S3E po' w?ong.
Cage, fl lung, (bird) gft 'tiau
lung.
Cake, ^ 'ping, fl kau.
Calabash, ^|||!S /m biau, SS
7m lu biau.
Calamity, jji^ tsena', i^?^ ts6
yang |^>S>
^
'u waw.
Calculate, ff^ 'tang sow', ^'-"
sow' ih son'.
Calendar, }f)^ tt'ong lib, M^
12
CAN
lih 'pun, (Sunday) H^^ 'li
taw.
Calico, 'i^-llJ yang pu'.
pd<
Call, lUj- kiau', 5lS haw'.
Calm, (feelings) ^H 'ow 'wung, ^
^ ow 'zing, ':fC^ t'a' bing, (elements)
1r^ t'sing 'zing, ^M|!^
71^ m fung m long.
Calumniate, @^ 'hwe 'pong, fj
wo'' M/-a'.
Cambric, ^'^-^ ka so pu'.
Camel, SS^S loh du.
Camellia, UJ:jf^f saw dzo hwo.
Camlet, MM 'yii tseu', MiP 'yu
so, 3^;fS 'yiidow'.
Camomile, '^^ ken kioh.
Camp, ^S 3^"ng l^en.
Camphor, U3S tsong 'nau, yjijy^
ping p'iew, (tree) S h'iang zu'.
Can, (permissive) Vj J^ 'k'6 'i, (phy-
sical ability) f| nung, (acquired)
'^ wo'.
Canal, (grand) tStHM yiun' liang
7m, (open a) ^ jpf k'e 7m,
Cancel, :^' keu siau, :^|^ keu
dzu, fflljl^ saw dzu.
Cancer, -e^j^ dok t'song.
Candareen, ^ fun, (five and a half)
M^^S^M 'm fun 'w^ li.
Candid, iElit tsung' dzuh, ^^
lau zeh.
Candle, J^j^ lah tsoh.
Candlestick, fij lah de.
Cane, Jl mng, (a) |if j^ung diau,
'^
(sugar) ^ k^'* tso'.
Cangue, ^{1 ka, (bear n) ^ Uv ka.

13
CAR
Canister, ^SiM sih kwc^' deu.
Cannon, *X p'au', f>^ 'hu CAV
Carriage, 5"5r
p'au', S
t'siing' p'au'.
t'so 'tsz, ,^]5 'mo
t'so.
Carrot, $112'^ /mng lau boh.
Cannot, ^fg veh nung, ^ pTJ^
veil 'k'6 'i, (but) ^%^ veil tiili
veil.
Canopy, (gift from the people) ^^
^ vaw' ming sa'.
Canvas, ^^ J^ung pu'.
Cap, >J>l|l|-J* 'siaumau' 'tsz.
Capacity, ::J''[fl dze dzing, (for hold-
ing) S?'^ tsong tuh loh.
Capital, (city) ^'^ kiimg tu, ^
;^ kiung 2ung.
Captain, (of boat) j|i z&n 'tsu, ^
;^ Han da'.
Caraways, ^" si' we h'iang.
Carbuncle, ^S foh t'song' S^
fall pe', ^^ 'seu tah.
Card, ^glfiS ming 't'ih, Ipfi^^ t'ih
'tsz; (playing) JjSJt^ 'tsz ba.
Cardamoms, 0_EL7C^ jah deu k'eu*.
Cardinal points, 29^ sz' fong, ^
W^ft tung si n6 p6h.
Care, ftl; kwo' lii', g^ yeu lu',
(to) 3 'li, ^
Careful, >J>>(5
'kwe.
'kiun zun', J,H>i^ sSi'
smg, ^>[>
tong sing; carefully, |H|0Iai& si
si' 'ti 'ti.
Careless, "i^ mi\^ veh lieu sing.
Cargo, j|S-tttt^ z'^'^ 'longhii' suh.
Carnelian, ^^^yf
Carp, |i,@, 'lifj^,
siau smg,
'mo 'nau.
Carpenter, 7fC| moh ziang'.
Carpet, l^^ ii' taw, |j'""
taw, ^i' ^^ mau taw.
^i' niung
Carry, j^ taw, (one man with a yolk)
^ t'iau, (two men with a pole) JH
kong, (a chair) J^ i!e, (in the arms)
J^ 'i)au, (on the girdle) ^ ta', (on
shoulder) Jj| /dew, (on back) ^pe',
Cart, (bullock) ^$ nieu t'so.
(horse) >^^ 'mo t'so.
Carve, H^lj tiau k'uh.
Case, (box) ^^ slang 'tsz, (small)
[E-?: Aah 'tsz, (watch) ^^ piau
k'oh, (at law) ^f^{^ ow' 'giew.
Cash, l^lsjj^ ^ung diew, 35C "^^n.
Cask, % 'tang, (wine) J@tS 'tsieu
'dung.
Casket, (for precious things) ^1^,
'pau huh.
Cassia, ^'^ kw6' hw6, (oil) ^'^
X^ kwe' hwo yeu.
Cassimere, iJ>BS '^i^-^i "i.
Cast, (towards) ^

CIIA
Cave, lUim saw dung'.
Cause, Jf^ jK yon ku', *[ [ dzing
yeu, (to) PJ|- kiau' or kan', Sfi
peh'la, -^f^ sz' tub.
Cautious, iSM 'kiun zun^ >]>>&
'siau sing.
Cease, f^fi ifing dzu', fJ dzu'.
Cedar, f@7tC pah h'iang moh.
Ceiling, ^T^ ping 'ting.
Census tables, ATW niim ting
ts'dh.
Centipede, ;g"|ij pah kiah, S^^
u kiing.
Centre, g ^^ tong tsung, >(^ sing.
Ceremony, 'li H^ su', or 'li.
Certain, SIR k'iah zeh, R^j^ zeh
dze'.
Certificate, (recommendation), ^
^ tsiew' s;\.
Chaff, ^1^ lung k'ong.
Chain, Mi^ lie' diau.
Chair, It -5^, yii' 'tsz, (sedan) ^^
giau" 'tsz.
Chalk, /g"^ zah 'fun.
Chance meeting, j^^JM^ 'ngeu
ze bang' zah.
Change, : 'ke, J^ w6;zS 25;^ 'ko
piew', gif^ 'k6w;e;i', ||gj^ kang
'kc, (money) ^ W.
Changer, (money) ^10^(0 iven'
dung die?i ku'.
Chapel, p8^^ 'kong su dong, jjl^
^S '^1 pa' dong.
Chapter, i^ tsang.
Char, (burn black) ^ tsiau, j^^
sau tsiau.
Character, ppfT p'ing yung', (a
letter) ^ zz', -^8R zz' 'nga'.
14
cm
Charcoal, ^ t'aw'.
Charge, (intrust to) f^fij* t'ohfu' or
fob, (enjoin) Pjfg ting tsoh, P^
Pft fun fu'.
Charity, (alms) ^M'^
tsiV 'hau
zzS f^^ tseu tsi-, Jl;^ sz 'so'.
Charm, :?5^g? vd 16h.
Chart, f#llil 'he du loh.
Charter-party, ^ [pj Aeli dung.
Chase, (to) JS J| tsue 'kiiw.
Chastity, ^ |5 tsung tsih.
Cheap, 5 /dang, |g dziew',
Cheat, Pit,|| hung' p'lew', ^,|g k'i
p'iew'.
Check, Mim law 'tong.
"^
Cheerful, ^^^^ 'song k'wa', Jg1|
^M 'mew miew' t'sun fung.
Cheese, ^%^ nieu 'na 'ping.
Cherry, ;fg|lE ang dau (ying).
Chess, (play at) ^ft tsah gi, (board)
Chest (bamboo), fJH tsoh siaijg,
(wooden) ^^ 'paw siang, (tea)
^^W ^20 siang.
*
Chestnut, ^^ lib 'tsz.
Chief, l5-~*f@ ten ih ku', (man)
^K @ A tQu moh niun.
Child, >J>^ 'siau kun, >J>1B .'siau
'now, ;7C)fIH ?'u' sI'.
Chillies, ^Jtt^ ^^^6 tsiau.
Chimney, jlQn^ iew t'sung.
Chin, y E 'au bo.
China, 4* H tsung koh, 4*^ tsung
niow.
China root, i^^ voh ling.
China aster, M^ kioh h\v6.

15
CIT CLO
Chinese language, (mandarin) ^fj
kwcn w6\ (native dialect) /^J-fep'S'
'pun di' wo', i ^ 't'u bah, i
p^
't'u wo'.
Chintz, ^^ hw6 pii', p[J yung* hwo
pu".
Chisel, M^: zok 'tsz, (to chisel out)
ffi^ zokt'seh 16.
Cholera, 0' fah so, (morbus) ^
rL hoh low', (asiatic) l^j^jj^^'^ u so
tsang', ^ B^' tiau' kiah so.
Choose, i^'M 'ka 'slew.
Chop, this chop of tea M^^ ^i'
hail' dz6.
Uhop gtick, $Jj 'k'waw.
. Chops, (mutton) ^){$g' yang ba
kweh.
CHEIST, S'g ki toh.
Christian, itMMMA sing ya su
ku' niun.
Christianity, J}I5gJ|5:j ya su kiau',
Roman catholic 5ci25: t'ie^e 'tsu
kiau*.
Chronic, (disease) ^^ 'kieu bing'-
Church, g5:# kiau' wo, (building)
"^^ w6' dong.
Cinnabar, i^^ niung tsu.
Cinnamon, ^^^ nioh kwe'.
Circle, )1] k'io?2, EUS"?: Jon k'iow
'tsz.
Cistern, (earthen ware) 7iCfeE 'sz
kong.
Citron, H h'iang yo, ||^ veh
'seu.
City, (within) MM zung 'li, (out-
side) M^hH zung nga' deu or
zuiis nsa'.
Civility, ifill^ 'limauS ^^ k'ah
k'i'.
Civilize, g5:ft kiau' hwo'.
Claim, 5,?, niung', ff 't'au.
Clan, ^j^ tsimg zoh, 1^1 jjj ^ling
sing'; (head of) ;^;g zoh 'tsang.
Clap, Jfl p'ah.
Clash, ff fi^k'eh dzong', fi^dzong'
zah.
Classics, fM kiung; four books and five
classics H^jEfS sz' su 'g
kiung. ,
Clay, ^Jjt w^ong ni, (white) ^^
j^ah 'zew.
Clean, gg^ kih 'zing, J^ffi koh
lih, ^?P ku 'zing.
Cleanse, ^|^ lung' kiin 'zing
'zing ill 'zing.
Clear, '^f^ t'sing 't'su, jf^ t'sing
'song, 03 6 ming bah.
Clearance, (port) ffi P^ t'seh 'k'eu
p'iau'.
Cleave, ^"13^ P'ih k'e 16.
Clerk, g^f@'siazz'ku',
Clever, W^V 'yeu 'pun zz', J^
IfI ling long. ^J^ kwa 'ch'au.
Climate, 7iCi: 'sz't'ii.
Clip, % 'tsien, '^^ 'tsien t'eh,
Cloak, ^[^2 nga' t'au'.
Clock, flt^li zz zun tsung' g ^Mj zz'
ming tsung, what o'clockl ^KH
'ki 'tiew tsung 1
Close, (finish) ^| ^,6^ kih, (door)
11 kwan, (eyes) |^ pi.
Close together, of weaving ^ mih.
Cloth, (cotiJon) ^tJ pu', (woollen) ^
SBB tu lii ni, (table cloth) SM

COM
de law.
i Clothing, ^g zong, ^JK
Clothes-liorse, i ^^E ^^'
Cloud, ^ yiin.
Cloves, T t^^g h'iang.
voli.
Club, ^ 'kwim 'tsz.
Club bouse, ^| w^e* 'kwew.
Clue, WM ten 'zu, (no) ^f^M
l|i w 'yung w tsiing.
Coagulate, ^SS nimig kiih.
Coal, f^ me.
16
Coai;se, ffl. t'su, |.I^ t'su 'ts'au, (of
men) |i# t'su 'Ki, fflj^ t'sii su.
Coast, f^'H 'he t'aw, 'J^jft 'he piew.
Coat, >^^ 'mo kwo'.
Cocnineal, ^MtK nga law 'rai.
Cock, S'H ^ung ki, ^11 yung ki.
Cocoon, XH ze 'kiew, "^T^. 'kie
'tsz.
Codfish, ^.^, za ng.
Coffin, fg /py kwe ze.
Coincide, ^^ vu Aeh, i^f^-^^
fell 'tsung 7ieh zali.
Coil, f^lnl tsung zung.
Cold, l^ 'lang (in heart) i^
'da^?; cold f^S song fung.
Colic, BMM 'i^ 'li t'iing'.
Collar, MS 'ling deu.
Collect, J5^ ^zu' dzih,
'lie, 'i'^itl^ w'^'dzi'lungle,
Colour, lji'6; nga suh, (all) Jfj
/\'S 'wg ngai^ loh suh.
Comb, ^j^ su (sz), (wooden) /fv mok
sz, (bone) *^ kweh sz, (comb hair)
sz sz deu fah, (silver comb) ^^
niun pie??..
Combine, -^iSI^ ^*eh 'lung le.
'lam
COM
Come, ^ 16 (not yet come) ^3^
Yeh zung U.
Comet, f^t-^:^ 'sau 'tseu sing.
Comfort, :?fg 6w w'6', (get) #^:S
tub bing 6w, ^Tiih su zi, (zti) (comfort
my thirsty desires) M-^^S^
we* 'ngu k'oh sz.
Comic, M^ 'hausiau', ^ fah
siau'.
Command, Pj}P{f fun fiV, "^^ ming'
ling'.
Commandments, (ten)""!"!^!^ seh diau
ka'.
Commemorate, lEii'S* ki' niaw'.
Commence, JJ^ '^ung 'seu, ^T,
k'e kung.
Commencement, ^^ 'k'i deu.
Commend, ^^ pau 'tsiang, (men) f
JVjff
^'

CON
^'SM Puh i puh zim', ^ dzting
t'ing' dzung, i clzung, zun' dzung.
Compose, (as a printer) ^^^ pa zz'
(as an author) ^ tsii', (an essaj-)
^fi^
tsu' lun.
Compositor, Ji^fJ^' pa tveh zz'
ku',
Compradore, |}|^ i?a' zz' ku',
Comprehend, ^M^ ming bah, (em-
brace) "QfS pail kwah.
Comrade, f^f[^ ^au hen'.
Concave, Hfl an, jfi^ au tsing' k'i'.
Conceal, ^ dzong, fjfj dzong k'ong',
1/LibI k'ong' 'h'lng.
Conce|yi, (not) ^fM^^ veh kwa
'ngu zz'. IH^ll^^ S3 m sa' siang
kwan, veh kwaw zah.
Conclude, ytMu. ^^^^ kih.
Concubine, ^ t'sih, >J> 'siau.
Condemn, Sf^ ding' 'dzue'.
Condescend, |$>[|^ft|5 kiang' sing
siang dzung.
Condition, ^t"^ kwong 'kiung.
Condole, f^ S| tiau' mong'.
Conduct, (verb) '^ sung', r3 /Ii"g,
(noun) fjj Aang we.
Confer, (give) ^ sz', jp. 'song
(with) "^Sl song liang.
Confess, (a crime) ^ niung' 'dzile,
P.P^^beveh'zz.
Confide, Hfg k'au' t'oh.
Confirm, ^^kiew ding'.
Confiscate, ^P^MA"^
't'sa zeh kwew.
Confused, ^ low'.
Congee, 515 tsoh.
t'sau ka
Congou tea, IC:^^ kung fu dz6.
17
CON
Congratulate, ^-w^ kting 'h'i, g^
k'iung' hn'.
Conical, ^ f|3 tsien ku'.
Connect, ^^ tsih zah, 'fS^ siang
tsih, j^ liew, siang lien.
Connive, fSfitJ:^^
kie7i'.
Conquer, ^W" tub sung'.
Consanguinity, *^I^jJ^^
tsz t'sing.
Conscience, Mi-iU* Hang sing.
'ka tsiV veh
kweh z6k
Consent, ^.JC yung' 'yiin, ^_ tah
yung'.
Consequences, Ii3f^
kwa?i i'.
Consider, ,S sz 'slang.
Constant, ^ dzang, (not change) ZO.
j^ veh piew', dzang tsong veh pie'.
Constipation, :^ ffiJC veh ts'eh kung,
ycM^S ^l'"-'
l>'e' veh t'ung.
Consul, fUl^l^ 'ling zz' k\ve.
Contagious, f^Affl zdn niun k4',
(take by touch) ffi^ tsc?^ z6n.
Contain, Sf-'^ tsong tub loh.
Content, )5^ sing bing, (be) "^i^
fong' sing, ^HJE tsz tsoh.
Continue, ftSE zc? lieu, -^^^ dzun
lieu.
Contract, (to) ^ yah ding'.
Contradict, %^^^ wo' veh 'zz.
Contrary, ?f3;^ siang 'fan, (wind) ^
Mi iiiiik fung.
Contribute, f3 ki6;, (money) Hi^-Jl
kiow' niung 'tsz.
Contrive, SSH'J 'siang fah tsuh.
Control, ^^ yah soli, ^ 'kw6; sob.
Convalescent, ?7^-l^:9*5f i?ing' 16h
t'sih fun 'liau.

COR
Convenient, -jg^ ^xqh' tong', ')^^
fong bief^^
Converse, ^^ p'a^e daw or da da;?,
^jifl' ball zt'o'.
Convert, MA^i 'ke?j liw6'.
Convex, Cl ffi^ teh t'seh 16.
Convict, ^. ^P i!ing' 'dziie, s^^^sif. H
JB dzieu va--, jfcSfSA t'sung
kiiin ku* niuu.
Convince, Pi]-AftM kiau' niim sing'
voli.
Convulsions, ti}3 JS^ t'seu fung bing'.
Cook, (a) |||gf0 sauvaw'ku', (to)
sau vaw/, f^ tsu' vaw^
Cooked, ;^ijgsauz6k'ts6.
Cool, JB^;^ f^ng liang.
Coolie, >J>X 'siaii ki'mg, (chair) fff
:^ giau' fu, (street) i%^ t1au
fu.
Cooper, ^itlfg ku 'dung k4^
Copper, 115 zing or ^[tl^ Aiing dung,
(sheets) J^^ ?!ung p'ie?2'.
Copperas, ||^g
16h va.
Coppersmith, ^JSJ | tixwg ziang'.
Copy, (to) i!?:^ ts'aii 'sia, 1^%
dung 'si a, (a rough copy) J^L^f^
't'sau 'kau.
Coral, flJjJl saw 7m.
Cord, llil zung, ^ zung s6h.
Coriander, 5uS i^i^^Q sile.
Cork, SBM sub deu, sub 'tsz, (.screw)
WSM k'6 bing tsu;?.
Corn, iiJ 'ng kob.
Cornelian, g^ 'm6 'nau.
Comer, ^'^F^ kob lob deu.
Corpse, J|-g* sz 'seu, JEfl 'si sz.
Correct, t,u-;i SIE tsini<
tsung'
18
duns.
Corrode
zub.
ORE
I sieu ^'a,-, Sli sieu
Cost, fM^ ka' die, (twJ) 'jjj dzuh.
Costiveness, ^^ffiX veh t'seb kung
yCffi^ii da' bie;?' veh fun-
Cottage, iJ^M'siauob, >J>g-^ 'siau
vong 'tsz, (at my cottage) ^^ so'
au'.
Cotton, ;ffg^ mie;^ bv>-6, (yarn) \%H
mie;? slew'.
Cough, gglU k'eh sen^
Counsel, (take) '^^ song bang (give)
U k1o;^^
Count, ^ suw'.
Countenance, g[ JL mie' 'k'Ting*.
Counterpane, tJ^M i>i' miew.
Country, Sj; kob du', (the) fpT
b'iaug 'an.
Couple, 'g ib te'.
Courage, Hg 'taw bang'; courageous
I/"C 'taw du'.
Court, (forjudging) f^ ngd mun,
(of bouse) 5C# t'iew 'tsing, ^ yo.
Cousin, (father's side) ^^5 ^ong
dlMiiung, (mother's) S|^> 'piau
di' hiung.
Cover, ^ kc', (to) ^^J ke' 'hau ^
ts6 ko'.
Coverlid, fj|^ p'u ke'.
Covet, % Ven, UM i^ dz6.
Cow, -fj:^ 'mu nieu.
Crab, g 'ha.
Crane, j[LfiS siew ngoh.
Crape, |S^j? tseu' so.
Crawl, jf j6.
Create, JiJjS t'song' 'zau,
Creator, y^fl^i 'zau liwo 'tsii.

CTP
Credit, (sell on) P^ so, (not give cre-
dit) ^ PJ;B5 veh so tsang'.
Creditor, fti tsu' 'tsii.
Criminal, JBA 'vaw ninn, HJG
dzieu va".
Cripple, EliPfS zeh kiali ku'.
Crockery, SS^ ^^z k'i'.
Crooked, %f^ wa c'liioh.
Crosswise, I^J^J^ w^ang 'tu 'li.
Crow, ^' Jfj 'lau au, (to) Pf di.
Cruel, |XJ ^ h'iung bau',
Cruet-stand, ^M^ ^'^ih sing kd'.
Crumbs, 3fi^' lih sih.
Crush, Ki3 ah wa,\
Cry aloud, ^^Bif haw' kiau'.
Crystal, 7KDa 'sz tsing.
Cucumber, ^iK. w'ong kM'6.
Cud, (chew the) MM ^aw 't'sau.
Cultivate, ^ kung tsung'.
Cumbersome, WiW.
Cunning, |S^
1^' dzue'.
'/^\v6 kioh.
Cup, :3^ pe, J^ 'wcw.
Cure, i g^-f 'hau.
Curiosities, p 1^ 'ku 'tung.
Curse, 5E,|H.
'tseu 'tsu.
Curtain, (bamboo) j^^-p-
tsoh lien
'tsz, (musquito) %$.^ mun tsang',
(window) ^@, t'song lie.
Cushion, |"f ni^h 'tsz.
Custom, ^^JE^i^we 'kii, (popular) Mi
i^ fung zoh, (imperial) ^ii sue'
kwa? .
Cut, flI koh (kweh).
Cuttle fish, gf .S yeu ng.
Cymbals, J^-J; kwah 'tsz, ift^ nau
bah.
Cypress, |S puh zu'.
19
-JL/agger, >J>7J
Damp, {^ sail,
Dance, i^(
DEB
D
'siau tan.
Daily, nyih nyih, ^ nyih
tu.
Damage, f^i^ 'sung wk' (by water
stains), 7KiX sz tsih.
Damask, i^^Cl^lS
t'iau' 'vu.
^li' hw6 don'.
% sail k'i'.
Danger, J[l^\^ we' 'hie.
Dare, 3t 'kew.
Dark, ^Jg huh 6w', (in the) P|5Ib|
^ 6' dung' 'li.
Dates, (honeyed) ^'^ mih 'tsau^
(tree) ^^% 'tsau zu'.
Daub, ^ ^u.
Daughter, ]5C@ 'nu 'no, (your) ^
^ hng' ^', (iQ law) ^l^f sing 'vu
Dawn, 5CiK: ^'i^^ liang'.
Day, H^, nyih 'tsz, JJJI nyih
kiah, (last) :?^5^|i!lf@03: meh
meh kiah ku' nyih 'tsz.
Dead, 5E^ 'si 'ts6, (half) ^5E^
1^ pe' 'si pew' weh.
Deaf, ^ lung, ^ lung bang'.
Deal with, ^fj kiau 'wong, ^Mr
kiau yuh.
Dear, (in price) ^ ku', (in affection)
^iifia
e' 14 kiV.
Dearth, (year of) ]^^ hwong nie.
Death, % 'si, (and life are decreed)
?E^W^ 'si sung 'yeu ming', (to
near death) ^fM ling tsong, JE'K
^ 'si k'wa' 'tse.
Debt, ffi tsa', (be in) ^M k'ie^
tsa'.
Debtor, ^XffifB k'iew tsu' ku', ^A

DEF
SSfB ke ninn tsang' ku'.
Decapitate, ^1 'tsa deu,
sail den.
Decay, gFA s6 hi'.
Decayed, fiStra k'u' kau, ^yQ 'lau
^ven.
.
Deceit, l^p|3 -^''we kioli.
Deceive, nj;;||| hung' p'iew', S^4i k'i
p'iew', WiWi k'i mew.
Decent, W.J'Jt^^^^ 'li 'su tong z6w,
i?S
'^^^^^ k'ow'.
Decide, ^^f kioh tow/, jL*Sri.M
lih ding' 'tsu i'.
Decision, ^^^ 'tsu i'.
Declare, IJtOjJ ^ soli ming bull.
Declivity, MW zia miew'.
Decrease, S^ 'ka;?- 'sau.
Decree, pift tsz' i', w^ ming
ling'.
Deduct, 'SSSi 'ka? t'eh, ^pJK k'eu'
t'eh.
Deep, '^ sun, (of doctrines) *^^
snii an'.
Deepen, (hollow) f'i^ wah sun, (dig)
S'^ gioh sun.
Deer, ||] loh.
Defalcation, (in money) ^S k'we
niun, S k'we k'ung'.
Defame, 1 'hwe 'pong,
100 U'll .
Defeat, ^TIR 'tang ba', ^^f tub
sung'.
Defeated, (be) ffW> 'tang su, ^7-^
K^y^ 'tang tsz ba' tsang'.
Defect, ^^ mau bing', (in body)
^'^ dzaw dzih, (in morals) ^^
't(3w t'su'.
Defective, ;^^ veh dziew, ,^^^ \
Delude,
20
veh iv6n z!e.
DEL
Defend, f;^|l 'pan /m', -j^^ 'pau
'sen, IfElS pi' '^^u'.
Defendant, ^^i?e' kau'.
Defer, (to another day shall we ?) Bj;
HSISS 'ke nyih tse' w6' 'vtH
Deficient, ^^p k'ioh 'sau, 15^
k'we k'ung'.
Defilement, IMIS ok t'sok.
Define, pjO^j^ u'6' ming bah, ^||
-^M* 'ka seh zz' i',
Defraud, fg.|| 'k'wong p'iew'.
Degrade, (officer) |g: kah t'eh, (one
step) I$ ^S kong' ih kih.
Degraded, (from rank) '^RiM^
kak t'eh tsz tsuh vun'.
Degree, (in longitude) fMS kiung
diV, (in latitude) 1^^^ wo' dii',
(number of) ^ du' su'.
Dejected, 5^ 3'^u dzeu.
Deify, JJSj|I?E fuiig u-6 zun dau'.
Deity, JL'^ 'zangti', ^^ Vien
'tsu, (subordinate deities) flf 0^ zun
ming, %3^ 'kwe zun.
Delay, jgJE dzz yie?z, JBJfl taw koh.
Deliberate, i^g^ tsun tsoh, '^M.
song liang.
Delicate, (tender) ^ 'nun, (fine) ||H
si'.
Delight, (in) ^f^ 'hi liwii5M'l# sing
'li fab
Deliver, ^ kieu', JS?^ tsung' kieu',
(deliver to) ^f^ kiau fu', (let go)
WM suh fong', MM, fong' t'eh,
I3S k'6 sub.
J^lg mi oh.

DEP
Deluge, gi7jC /mng'sue, 'JES3:3C
*P
i'^'^' law' u t'ien 'an.
Demand, (a debt) MM 't'au tsang',
(an apology) PJ|*AfS0^6 kau'
niun wo' ming bah, or kau' diuii be
veh 'zz or kau' niun p^^ niung' veh
'zz.
Demand, (in) ^'{^^M 'yen siaii' deu,
(not in demand) ^i^i^ m siau'
dzang.
Demolish, jJfM t'sah t'eh, i^ t'sah
Demon, J^ 'kwe, or 'chu, ^^ mo
'kwe, MM ^11 yau mo 'kwc
kwa'.
Deiafe>niac, :S^Ff!f^f0 sung 'long
vii' 'kii ku'.
Demonstration, JMS i^ing ku', fpf PJ]
bie/i' ming.
Dense, ^^^^ dzeu mih.
Deny, ^ Jg veh niung', (one's faith)
WI5: 7^*^' kiau'.
Depart, ^ 'tseu, -^ k'i', (take fare-
Avell) |[|^lj li bih, (on a journey)
SirQ' 'k'i sun, JJJ^ 'dung sun.
Depend, #|| 'i k'au', ^fltk'au'Ic',
-tt^ dzi'ing' z:ih, H^ k'au' t'oh.
Deplorable, Pf^ 'k' 6 lien, pfl!^
'k'6 fan'.
Deportment, fjj^ hung we.
Deposit, (money) J^^ 'ting'seu.
Deposition, (legal) P ^ 'k'eu kung,
(of a prince by the people) f^Ji'Q'
^4>^Mfi peh 'la pah sing' fi' t'eh
ku'.
Depraved, {$4 p'ien zia, ^ISg zid
oh.
Depreciate, [.^gg k'on' k'iung, (of ex-
21
DES
change) MMfx'Iff 'kan t'eh Aong
zing.
Depressed, (inmind^ /^KSIh^I sing
'li k'i' mun'
Deprive, (of office) ^MM^ kah
fell tsuh vun'.
Depute, ^^ 'we t'oh, (a deputed
officer) ^^ 'we yow.
Derange, ^^L 'nau l6n, 5f ^^ng'
low'.
Deranged, ^^J tie?i gwong.
Deride, gl fjj
ki ziau'.
Derive, (from its origin) ^Jt]^!^
t'e gi niow yeu.
Descend, ^T^ kong' 'aw le, ^'^
^ loh 'au Ic.
Descendants, "J J^ tsz sun, "f^f^ 'hen
de'.
Describe, p^^l^Q wo' ming bah, -^^
if'ffl HbpS si' si' nung t^.'6'.
Desecrate, S||J^ tsau t'ah.
Desert, '^^^Hl'^ hwong 'ya d i
foug.
Deserts, (what he deserves) ^f-j^
^ tong tub tsz 'song.
desert, (to) j^^ inn 'tseu.
Deserter, ^%:^ tan ping.
Deserve, (to die) H^^ ko 'si, (a re-
ward) PJ ^ 'k'6 'song.
Design, Kt^ ki' men, pj^ki' t'sah,
:;tS,i'sz'.
Design, (to) Bll^ ^u men, ff^
'tang son'.
Designedly, -^M ku' i', #$#B i^^
duh 'li.
Desire, ^ yau', ^ ziew' mu', C^
:^f-^ p6 veh tub, K li^^n' veh tub,
E^tbS5 p6 veh nung ken', gl

DET
Desist, %,>%, h'ih sih, fl^ 'i^a 'seu,
fj^ iting 'seu, jhfi
'tsz dzu'.
Desk, (portable) ^^^ 'sia zz'
siang, Jfl^^J t'seu t'i de.
Despair, ^|gg dzih vongS MAM
UM sell fell mong' deu.
Despatch, (a messenger) ^yv t'sa
'niun, (a letter) ^(q ki' sing'.
Desperate, ^^fiPjJ m meh fah
t
tsiili, ^^fpf 'no 7iu.
Despise, l^jflS 'niiau zz',
k'6/i' veh 'k'i, (every body)
J\ 'ngaw
'ti 7)1 niun.
Destiny, "^1$; ming' yiin'
yiin' k'i'.
^fi
51^
Destitute, ||S k'ioli vah, ^M^t
fj3 w va' k'iuh ku''.
Destroy, ^::8 ^"Tig' ivi' Mffi ^^^^^
t'eh, (a house) f/fJl^H"Jt t'saht'eh
vong 'tsz.
Destructible, PTiyiBKfH
Veh ku'.
'ko 'i ivk'
Detach, ^ffi^ fun t'seh 16, (cavalry)
^M^^ fun p'a' 'mo ping.
Detain, ^i lieu dzii'.
Detect, Sffi k'oTz'p'u'.
Deteriorate, ^J^ piew' ivi'.
Determinate, '~"f@ ih ding' ku'.
Determine, j/lfeiiS ^^^ ding' 'tsu
i',&^ ^ing' long, (a day) |5g
/, "X ^^f*^^' ding' nyih 'tsz
Detest, t 7mng', f%^% ngau veh
tub.
Detestable, Pj"^ 'k'6 u'.
Detraction, ^"q zaw yiew, Sf^A
f@HJiFH f^ 'pong niun ku' seh ?i'6'.
Detriment, Jp^ 'sun Ae', P^:^ ;ja'
22
DIE
Deviate, ^ t's6, (from the road) "^
M^ES" 'tseu t'so tsz 111'.
Deviation, !^|4 t'sa t'su', (not the
least) ^U^^M ih 'ngaw veh t'so.
Device, J'ilO fah tsuh, ^^f]|5 fah
zeh.
Devil, ^^ mo 'ku, ^^ ok 'kli.
Devise, M&Wl
^^ men ku'.
'siang fah tsuh, g^
Devolve, (on him) MilLp^Ji kw6
'la i sun 'long.
Devote, (to him) Itl'iSJi^ 'M
iiiuw' pell 'la i.
Devoted, (servant) >S>5.B?A tsiing
sing yung' niun, (officer) iS'JJ.S
'f tsung Aeu* dzun 'tsz, (with Vrllole
mind) ^^jj tsew sing.
Devotion, ^ijj Z;ien sing, M>5
dzung sing.
Devour, ^P
t'un c'hiuh.
Dew, lu', B7JC lu' 'sz.
Dexterous, ^S^ 'seu 'k'iau, j^i$l
ling li*.
Diagram, Hf^ ^u yang'.
Dial, H nyih 'kwe, (horizontal)
tt^HS ti bing nyih 'kw6,
(erect) It H 'zii nyih 'kw6.
Dialect, ^^pfj^ h'iang dajz, g| 't'li
^ah, ilS't'uw^o', /^iJi^fJ 'pun
di' -ziJo'.
Diameter, ]l[ffi dzuh kiung.
Diamond, :^H!J5 kiun kong zah.
Diarrhoea, Ejjig 't

tsi'mg.
DIR
Difference, ^^l] fun pili, (in customs)
M iS^M fung z6h peh dung, (not
very different) J^l^^h^ da' dung
'siau i'.
Difficult, H nan, (to comprehend) H
i^il'Jfi naw 'i t'suh liang,(to obtain)
||f#fli naw tub ku'.
Diffuse, (to) fSSf P^ yang.
Dig, S gioh, (deep) '^ gioh sun, a)
well) ^ gioh 'tsing.
Digest, 'i)^it siau hw6'.
Dignified, (appearance)j^S we fiJng.
Dilemma, (in a) B^j||;iFH^ 'liang
nan tsz kie.
DiligentT^^lil yun giun, pSttniung'
tsun, ^pM giun 'kiun, (and care-
ful) pSte 'J^^un zun, (and labourious)
^ 'giun lau.
Dim, '^)j'^^ hwnu mung.
Dimensions, ^^l^i^J^ dzang k'weh
kau sun.
Diminish, M^P 'kaw 'sau, (a little)
MlS-^Si 'kan t'eh ih 'tie.
Diminutive, $H>J> si' 'siau.
Dimity, #Pf^^ 'lieu diau pti'.
Dinner, (at) Pgg c'hiuh vaw', (bring)
fiSR ta vaw', (midday meal) V^
IK tsung va', (evening meal) ^|g
ya' va'.
Dip, (in water) fiJ7iC|| wun 'la
'sz 'li, ^ tsing'.
Direct, jEjIt tsung' dzuh, WaL pih
lib dzuh.
Direct, (to) ^3 'kwen 'li, ^Jg
'tsu tsang, (by pointing) Jg ?I 'tsz
'yun, Sj5 'tsz 'tie?.
Directly, j^ ib dzuh, (immediate-
23
DIS
ly) 1|J: 'mo 'long, j/lil] lihk'uh,
(come directly) ^^^ dzieu' le.
Director, ^VSf@ 'kwe;zz' 't'i ku',
(of justice) i$^p} on' t'sah sz,
(of finance) ^ijj;"^ pu' tsung' sz.
Dirt, '^ini't'u, jti^ la^ ni.
Dirty, ilii ok t'soh, Hi^ laht'ah,
(to) ^|ii 16' oh t'soh.
Disadvantageous, (to me) 3?P)JE
'ngu c'hiuh k'we (k'ii).
Disagree, ^+0^ veh siang Aeh, ^$
^^fi pi c'hi'vehte', ^fuSJ
veh hn mob, ^^^ veh t6'.
Disallow,
veh 'hii.
^7, veh 'tsung, ^|^
Disappear, ^ |J, veh kie'.
Disappoint, (my hopes) ^^.^MW
kii veu' 'ngumong' deu, (disappoint-
ed) ^M seb mong', ^^ seb i'
Disaster, j/^ffl tsc na'.
Disavow, ^M vehniung', ^^|g
veh zung niung*.
Disband, ^^ 'saw ping.
Disbelieve, ^fS veh sing'.
Discard, :^J5 veh y ling', ^jjjj c'hi
t'eb.
Discernment, ^|^' kien* sub, >(jJife
fl8^ sing di' t'siing ming.
Discharge, (cargo) ^ | k'e t'song
fSPJuS sia' zcw (arrow) ^j^ zok
tsiew', (a debt) Fp^ bo ti;a, (a'
prisoner) S]K ^ub fong'.
Disciple, P5^ mun dn, ^^^ Aok
sang 'tsz.
Discipline, 15;J^ kiau' fab, (military)
:^ft ping fab.
Disclose, 8 ttj^ hV t'seb 16, jtif
sib leu'.

DIS
Discompose, ^JJ nan' 'duijg, J^^
'idau low'.
Discontented, ^j^)^ veli fong sing.
Discordant, ^ fU J^ veh /m moh.
Discover, Sffi^ dzo t'seh 16, S^^
'h'ien ming, Jf-i^ffif k'o??' tub
t'seh ku'.
Discountenance, f^A^'^'Ji^
'lang 'daw.
^'^' niun
Discourage, P-4AI8^J^ kiau' ninn
'taw 'siau.
Discourse, (upon) p& J'J lun' tau', p
^' 'kong su, (on village duties) p
|^Pf4 'kong li'iang yah.
Discourteous, *'^ ^^15 i^i^li 'li.
Discreet, S*^ wun tong, |H>L? si'
sing, iS'EE- 'kiung zung'.
Discrepancy, vtWi fun pih, ^ t'so,
the difference of a hair will lead to
an error of 1000 li, ^^MS
jy^H. t'so tsz /au 11 mieu' 1
t'sie?? 'li.
Discretion, (at) IiM tl^ue bie?^'.
Discriminate, |j|i)ljijie'pih, ^{fj^
fun t'seh le.
Discuss, Jpf p& j^ien' lun', pg^ 'kong
kieu'.
Disdainful, ?^S^ kiau ngau'.
Disease, j! i?ing', (source of) Mt^
^;ing' kun, (of the eyes) 8^0^:^
^J 'ngaw tsing veh 'hau.
Disentangle, ^?3S '^^ t'e^i, (a knot)
%^^ 'ka kih.
Disgrace, ^/^ sien zoh. (afraid of)
I'HSK P'
^ii^ftvehp'iewi'.
?/ie??- u'
Dislike, tSlS'nau7mng', fJ;lK y^. veh niun'.
Dispensary, |^^ yah vong, MMiM

sz .
yah gioh.
Dispense, ^ffi^ fun t'seh Ic.
Disperse, ^ sa;j'.
Display, ^ffi tsang 'hiew.
Displease, ^4*;W veh tsung' i'.
Disposition, 14 IS sing' zing.
Dispute, f^-%ipien' poh.
Disquietude, (of mind) >5^^S?
sing veil bing on.
Disregard, ^jM veh 'li, ^^IRveh
ku', ^Mi^JMM veh 'i 11.6 i'.
Disrespect, (show) ^^^ veh kung
kiimg'.
Dissatisfied, ?J:>& yOM* sing, ^'XP
J t^h tsz tsoh.
Dissimilar, '^^^ veh ih yang,
'^W^ veh 'xiang.
Dissipated, JKf^ fong' tlong.
Dissolve, ^-{liB hw6' k'e, Jl^fll siaii
hw6'.
Distant, jj 'y^'". ISjS! kah 'yd?>.
Distil, (to) (samshu) ^}S ngau
'tsieu.
Distinguish, ^YA ^^"^ P'^^ ^^R fun
minj?. P 5J'J bieM* pih.
Distinguished, ffi iS O t,*seh ming ku'.
Distract, ^L)U* h)' sins.
Distress, (hini) Sl^'fi^ naw wd i.
Distressed, "^'tei 'k'u *nan.
Distribute, :J}* fun.
District, K^ ywj' vun*, (magistrate)
*D|I tsp. yo'.
Distrust, ^fpi veh sing', ^>i5nl
sing.
Disturb, MM kiung'dung, {||L
'kiau lo'.
Bitcb, 7Kw '^'^2 keu.
25
DOL
Divide, ^^3 fun k'e, (in arithmetic)
1^ dzii, (^equally) ^^ hing fun
(into classes) JJgffi^ p'a t'seh le.
Divination, t5f h *s6;j poh, (grass
used in) ^^ sz 't'sau, (with the,
eight symbols) iSf J[> ts6 kwo'.
Divine, (to) ^^ so?*' kwo', (with
divining sticks) ^t|^ gieu t'siew ,
(with symbols) fj J'h ts6 kwo'.
Divinity, (divine nature) Jl'S^fSft
fi *zang ti' ku' sing' 't'i, 5ciffl
tt^ t'iew 'tsu ku' sing' 't'i.
W
Division, (a portion) "^ ihfun,
ih 'ku.
Divorce, f/fC^ li'ieu t'si.
Divulge, ^{j^ m6' p'lV
zz' 't'i ba' li'r.
;ii ja:
Do, ^ ts\V (nothing he does not do)
^Wx'^^l^ vu 'supehit-6, (do by
turns) fftSlcfii^ lii iif tsu', (do
not) ^U-vehyau', ^^J^ veh
'k'6 'i.
Doctor, -84 isang, J^4' long
tsung.
Doctrine, jSS 'dau 'li, ^ kiau'.
Document, ^"J* tseh 'tsz, ^^ vun
su, #^ suk'i', (to carry) ^LM
tseh tsau*.
Dog, Jn| 'ken, (to belong to the llth
year of the animal cycle) JKf^
zok 'ken.
Dogmatical, Q ]^^^ zz' 'i tto 'zz,
-SaS^flS i' S7/ tseh ding', g.^
tseh ding' 'ki i', fe ^ p'ien kie\
Dollar, (Mexican) f^^ff- yng yang*
(foreign) f^@ yang die, (qtiarter
ofa)ig^1 sz'k'6.
*

I) ox
Domestic, (animals, six) ^j 'mo. ^
nieu, ^ yaijg, t| ki, '1^'i ^
^ sz', (instruction) ^||l| ka lii
(American cloth, domestic) i^
y{^ mon suh yang pu', (servants)
^A yung' nimi.
Dominion, f|||j5 giow ping' (over life
and death) ^>tjc^'f!I sung sah
tsz glow.
Dominoes, ^Pl kweh ba.
Donation, J|}4f@iR'J'
niung 'tsz.
Donor, JEi sz 'tsu.
kiiin 'la ku'
Door, P^ mun, (front) "fijP^ zien
mun, (and windows) P^^! mun
t'song, (next door neighbor) nfjlg
kah pi h, (double) MSP^ 'Hans
sew' mun.
Doorkeeper, JP^f@ k'Ow mun ku',
(doorway) fg P mun 'k'eu.
Doormouse, i^;jR. sung 'sii.
Dose, (of medicice) *^k|^
yah, ^iM ih tsi' yfih.
-
ih voh
Dot, -^HjS ih 'tien, ( to dot with
commas) lu-i'^ 'tie^/ su.
Double, Mfn 'Hang beS (make) JJH
fi^kaihbe-'.
Doubt, ^Wi ni uoh. i\j ni sing.
Dove, j5Eill| pf^
kieu.
Dowager, (empress) M^Jp"^^ongt'a'
7teu'.
Down, (fall) ?^T^ tih 'Aau le,
(walk) ^T^ 'tseu Vmi k'l', (it
is down below) $jiJiTi leh 'la
'Aau 'ti, (sun is down) &MW lll ^
nyih deu lok saw 'Lse.
Doxology, ^^|M tsan- 'rac kiung or
26
DRI
tsa?r' 'mo szp|p.
Drag, ^S t'u, ik 'la, ^ kiew, (net)
i&iM t'u 'mong.
Dragon, f| h'^ng, (dragon boat) j^
. dered
lung ze?z, (emperor's goAvn embroi-
with dragons) ^ lung bau.
Drain, fj keu, (shut) PniS cw' keu,
[^iW yun keu.
Drake, ^ftH yung ah.
Dram, (8th of oz.) A^IS^-" pah
fun ziew tsz ih, PH://'-^ 'liang fun
pt'w'.
Drama, $^ hi', (act a) ifA^ tsu'
hi', (see a) ^^ k'ow' hi'.
^
Draught, (of water) P 7jC Ui 'k'eu
'sz, (draught's men) ft-p gi 'tsz,
Draw, ffi t'u, J4 'la., (draw a boat) $
^ k'iew zc, (a picture) ft' ft* t6;6
tt-o, (draw lots) H]^ t'seu t'siew,
fclSl nie kieu.
Drawbridge, ffi|
tiau' giau.
Drawers, (in a table) iJH t'seu deu,
'^j t'seu t'i, (clothing) g?|$t'8ung'
k'li'.
Drawing room, ^^ k'ah dong, ^
II k'ah t'ing.;
Dread, 'ffll^fl gii' p'o', (heaven's decree)
g5C^ we' t'iewming'.
Dream, W mong', (to) fS# tsu'
mong'.
Drenched, ?^,^^ sah we 'ts6.
Dress, ^^KS tsah i zong.
Driandria cordifolia, tgfStS} "g*^
dung zu'.
Drift, '}^i5fc P'iau lieu.
Drill, (a nail hole) ISfTBK tsu ting
'nga;^.
Drink, (water) P7jC k'iuh 'sz.

DHL
Drive, g 'kuK, gft 'kuw t'eli, (a
^vheel barrow) ^>J>i{l t'6 'siaii
ts'6, (a nail) ^$J ting' ting'.
Droop, (strength) M.1jMP^ k'i' lib
so btV; yf^fljI>j/: tsing ziin 'sau
'tse, (flowers) l^tt ki^i^^ k'u.
Drop, (water) f| tih, (down) J^HF
^ tihVKUilc, (anchor) tJ(5fS p'au
mail.
Dropsy, (feet) JiJIiTSS^jvialil't'sung
'k'i le, (name of disease) ^jlpl 'ki'
bing'.
Drought, 5C-=f=- t'ifi" ^'^''"S (for several
years) jS^:^C-?^
lie nie;i diV
Drowned, ^^^ dnin saii 'is,-,
(drown little girls) 5||]fc niuh 'nii.
Drugs, |^# yah dz6.
Drum, J)Jl ku.
Drunk, PglSiH^' k'iuh tsuw' 'tsiea
'tse.
Dry, li kun, (dry in the sun) ^Utt
so' ku, (to dry clothes) PS or [i^^
4^:^ long' i /.ong, (wipe dry) 3^
k'a kuH.
Dual, (principle in nature) i^P^ yu^i
yang.
Duck, ^1 ah, (wild) |f 'ya ah.
Duckweed, ^-J^V'I^ veu bing.
Due, (money) X^i^BM^M k'iew'
'sau ku' dung diew, ^Jif@]^
k'ie' 'la ku' tsa'.
Duke, S" Jfi kiing ya, (rank of) 5V
^ kiing tsiah.
Dull, (in perception) ]^ifl nii t'sun,
5s:3S ng6 bun', (dull knife) t4'73
dun' tau, (dull day) |^^ yun
t'ie.
27
EAR
Dumb, (person) ^ 'an 'tsz.
Dung, "M. fun'.
Dungeon, ^^ kan lau, J|[ nioh.
Durable, ^ lau, SH kie;^ 'ku.
Dusk, 5i#FM wong hwun deu.
Dust, &^ bung dzun, (to dust) ^g
7;^ to)/ ton bung dzun.
Duster, (feather) l(l^|gf].J-
to 'tseu (wet) |^^' k'a pu'.
ki man
Dutiful, (son) ^^ hiau' 'tsz, (offi-
cer) j^S. tsung dzun.
Duty, /^jy 'pun vun', (custom) ^
^^ sue' niun. '
Dwarf, ^-J 'a 'tsz.
Dwell, fj dzu', (temporarily) ^||l|
taw koh.
Dye, (cloth) ^t\i 'men pu' (red) ^I
'nie hung.
Dynasty, ^f^ dzau dc', (present) ^
'pun dzau.
Dysentery, ^X'M'& Aung li' d/ih, or
hung bah li' dzih.
Dyspepsia, J&M^'i^it
sic'.u hwo'.
*
t^^' '^ veh
J-^ach, (man) -^J^ 'me niun, ^ JV
koh niun.
Eager, ffi-gj 'k'un t'sih, ^fe;5 uyih
sing.
Eagle, ^M lauyung.
Ear, %?^ 'ni'tu, (of wheat) ^ iff
5M
ni^^^i ^eh deu.
Ear-glove, S^S '^^i 'tu t'au'.
Ear.witness,ilB^J| (0 At'^ing

EDI
t'-sinor 'ni 'tu t'ing kiew' kii' niun.
Early, -^ 'tsau, ^ 'lau 'tsau.
Earn, ||;I!p1S dzaw' dung die;?.
Earnest, W&)\j> znng sing, |^, yim
gi^^; S" 'k'un t'sih, (earnestly)
"53 t'sili t'sih
Earth, i-| dV, (globe) Jij/^j^ dr' gieu
(mould) di' 't'u.
Earthenware, (China) ^|/, dzz k'i',
(shop) feXSi/E 1^0"g ^''iiig tiew,
(coarse) ^^ 'ngo k'i'.
Earthquake, JjfifJj
di' 'tsun.
Earthworm, ]^t^
di' dung', JtM
k'ioh 'ze;^.
Ease, ^3: bing o;^, ^j^ o yuh.
East, ]3C tung, (eastern quarter) ^^
'jf tung fong j tung piew.
Easy, My"ngiS ^11 veh na,
(in dealing with) ^^f k'wew sii.
Eat, P^ k'iuh, WtiYi k'iuh va>.', (of
rust and insect^^) Sli tsu'.
Eatahle, P#f|S k'luh tuh kii'.
Eaves, J^j^ v>ng n'lQn.
Ehb, Jfj'll dzau loh, 'J:7jC loh 'sz.
Ebony, ,^7fC u niuh.
Echo, M-M- y"ng sung, MM^ y"ng
'hiang.
Eclipse, (sun) 0^ nyih zuh, ^^
nioh zub.
Ecliptic, ^^ erong 'dau.
Economical, ^^ 'sang gie/c', ^^
'sang yung'.
Economy, |[J J^ tsih dii'.
Ecstacy, ^^^Ffifl ^^-'imgpeh vu' 'L'i.
Edge, (of knife) 7J P tau 'k'en, (of
well) 5)rj^ 'tsing pie;?.
Edible, ^^P^ 'hau k'iuh.
KLA
rets.
Edict, ^ ^ sung' tsz', ^|j| sung*
^i') Jl pill" zang' ii'.
Edify, ftflS^'Ifr pong dzu' tuh
yung'.
Educate, 15: |li kiau' hiiin', |5:lgkiau'
'dau.
Educated (man) ||#'7v foh su niun.
Eel, 1J@ 'ze;? ;2g.
Efface, SJK 'tie;, t'el, 1?^^ d/ai
fell.
Effect, t^% '
-'-' ^^^
van' nie', ^,!f^g; ]ing
niew', H; yung' niew', (consequen-
ces) Mi^\ kwa^i i'.
Effect, (to) jH-^Ji dzung dzieu', ^
JyJ dzung kung.
Efficacious, ^JSiK 'yen ling yung'
orH; nie'.
Effluvia, ^5^ k'i' mi'.
Effort, (make) Ji{ :/j t'seli lib, (exhort
to effort) %M} 'miewli'.
Effulgence, %'^^ kwong 't'se.
'E'S^, S flan', (hen's egg) ^fg ki
daw'.
Eject, mi{-^ 'ku t'seh k'i'.
Eight, A, #J pah, (the eighth) HA
di' pah, (month) A>^ pah nioh.
Eighteen, -f"A 7.e\\ pah.
Eighty, A+ pah zeh or pali zeh.
Either, (this man or that) 1^'Wj^A
Jl^&fBA
-6b di' kir niunwoh
kiV kiV niun, (either 1 go or you)
^MniiM&m^ veh 'z. 'ngu
k'i' dzieu' 'zz nung' k'i

Elbow, ^fj-p-pi' t'sang
Elbow-cbair, 10 ^-|i'
'tsj?. .
k'men 'sen 'i.
Elder, (brother) pPj-^ aku, (your do.)
'^ jfl ling' h'iuiig, (my do.)^^ ka
li'iung. ,
Elders, ^^ 'Lsang pe', jj^ 'tsaug
Mail.
Eldest, :^ jSffl 'kii 'tsang ku'.
Electricity, ^^ie^'' I^IK ^ i'*
Elegant, ^'^ 'ya, ^SCJI ^'ii 'y^'^-
Elements, jLfr 'ng yiig, ^7l^7|C
>/^ jl kinn inuh 'sue 'hu 't'u.
Elephant, ^ ziang'.
Elephantiasis, ^f^ 'hu taw.
Elevep^f ^ '
zeh ih.
29
Elm,' ft u zu'.
Eloquence, P ^ 'k'eu dze.
Else, :^^h ring' ngaS M^B.'^
ts6' veh zc nieh.
Eleswhere, ^iJ/S bih t'su', hih dzang
liau'.
Elude, 5^13 hi' k6.
Emaciated, ft^C^ sen' icv?t 'tse.
Emancipate, ^.^j^ suh fon-;'.
Embankment, (sea) j#J^ 'he di, ^
'ho dong.
Embargo, (on boats) '^jhfrllS kiun'
'tsz //ang ze>i.
Embarrass, |[|J na>< u-c, Jt'lJl ta
AVU'.
Embarrassed, ^BIIffJfB BbfiS!: veh
'hiau tuh 'na nung tsii'.
Embezzle, (emperor's money) ^Z^T*"
ffiSilitfialR^ sz' 'li 'auyung'
tcong ti' ku' niung 'tsz.
Embrace, (him round the neck) } li
#fflE^#ffl J^au' d/A\'- i ku' 'kiung
kweh kiV.
j Embroider, Hf |2 sieu' hwo, (ombroi-
dered table covers) f-^i[Ml sieu'jlnva
tsoh u'C\
Embryo, HuS'ff^^^ t'6 'li 'yen yiin'.
Emerald, i^J'i'J^ ^"^i 'P'^^i ^ah.
Emergency, ^;Jli3 (illfl^ kih yung'
ku' zz Aeu\
Emotions and passions,^ ^'
'[]f 7^^ "^^^^ ^X
dzing loh yoh.
Emperor, ^1^ wong ti', ^_t'ong
zang'.
Employ, 19 yung', fij^ ziing'
yung'.
Employer, JC^M ^'''"S ^6"-
Empty, ^ k'ung, ||;^ h'u k'ung.
Emulate, ^ Hi fah fun', (in running)
^It^
se' 'bau.
Encircle, ^^ tee zah.
Enclose, ^jB^ k'iue 'k'i le.
Enclosure, IMIJiS ^te d ziang.
Encomium, pJtHOi^BS
ku.' sell M"6'.
tsa' 'me
Encounter, ^Uc kiau tsew'. ^0j
siang 'ti.
Encourage, M^ 'mien li', MLM '^^^'^
'vii.
Encroach, (upon) 'K^t t*sing va', -^Uj
IP P^' tsie.
Encumber, ^^ le' dzue'.
Encyclopaedia, ^^ le sii, (three well
known encyclopaedias^ 3fi>i:^?5&
t*ung 'k'au,
End, T^^clS! meh meh kiah, ta^%
kih sah, ]^ kih giob, (of year) ^
jg nie 'ti, (two ends of a thing) f@
i^ 'liang to;^ (of a book) #$1^ su
tsung.

End, (to) yct^a wen Idli.
jEndanger, (one's self) ^ f^ man' "liiew
Endeavour, lij ^J t'seh lib, (use best)
^>li*^^>^/ f^^i"2:' sing gill
lib.
Dndomic, Mmn^i^MMM
dztn niuu
'X)mi di' 'tiii dzaiig 'yeu
ku' bing'.
Endless, ^^^M vu giung vu
dzing'.
Endorse, ^#^JS^ ta pc' 7^eu
di ming.
Endowments, (of niitiire) 3^^ t'ie
dzc.
Endure, ^>}|ij} 'niun ne', J^'^ ta
Enemy, %l^ dzeu dih, ^"g^ tc'
deu, fij-l^ik to' dib, (i)iiYate) ^^
yOw ka.
Energy, ;:^;2; lih liaiig', ^^^'f^ tsing
zun.
Enforce, (^obedience) MJ^iUf^/^
liiie;^ 'k'iang kau" i tsu".
Engage, (workman) 'l.ll AJC kiV niim
kung, (soldiers) ^la^^r^X tsau
mu' ping ting; (boat) 'j^jijS ku- zc;^,
(a passage) JjUf takze/i, (
jS;5! yah ding'.
to do)
Engaged, WVfil 'yen zz' 't'i, ^^V
^ 'yen kung zz-', i ^'[^ff-g tub
k'ung.
Engagement, jf.JJlO yab gi, (written)
3Cf4 "V'lii^ y^^ii, (baviijg a previous)
i^ B iV'J S sie^e 'i ydii ding'.
Engine, (steam) ^C%if)l 4ni ]un ki .
or 'bu luu t'so dp!), (tire) 7]Cf|
(automaton oxen and borses) /jv-^
^,^ mull nieu lieu 'mo.
England, '^%'^M yung kib li', :/;^
30
ENS
m f^^'^'
3'i^rig kob.
Engraft, g tsib.
Engrave, J|JgiJ tiau k'uh, (blocks) ^'ij
fe k'uh 'pan.
Engraver, llj^^fg k'uh zz' ku'.
Enigma, fgilg| 'yun 'nii na;^ U.a.
Enjoy, (happiness) :$ Is 'hiang foli,
(riches) ^'JS'g'jJ 'hiang 'zeu fu,
kwc'.
Enlarge, M~X ka du', ygf| k'6
k'weh, 5S/tC 'tsang da^
Enlighten, flB.]^^ tsau-' liang', IPJ]
k"e ming.
Enlist, Jx^ ffl :S deu yung tong
Enliven, /j[lf}1j-pjl ka tsing
zun. -
Enmity, /j-Sf^ siang/amg', (deadly).^
^M^iitM peh
tsz dzeu.
gimg' te' t'ie
Ennoble, Qnm) ^P^MMWilL
'song
i sz' zib ku' tsiali w6\
Enormous, ^KS^M ^'^'^
1/^^^'
"^'^
liang', (crime) M~X'BW 'ting
t'iew ku' 'dzue.
^Eiiough, fS keu
^i- kv,n zz', (to
eat) ^P keu' k'iub, ^^^ veh
keu' zz'.
Enquire, p9 mun', ^J 'tang t'ing,
pi N 'i'*-'ng niun', i^'^ dzo 'k'au,
M^P 1^c;i kib.
Enraged, ^^ sang k'i', ffijg kib
nu'.
Enrol, JlvJ"? zong' bu' 'tsz.
Enslave, ?i}iA/fS& 'k'iang
niun ?r6
Ensnare, ^f^/jyVV lau lung bib
niun, |ucF|"h%1ScA eh ki' yen'
?r6b niun.

BNV
Ensure, f^f^fEE-'paii tiih dzii'.
Entangle, ^f{, pa?r' dzu'.
Enter, j^ tsing', ^ tsing' k'i', (a so-
ciety) A'^ 2eh 'e', (a religion) JH
^ tsing' kiauS
Entertain, ^f^ k'o;r' do', ^f^ tsih
do'.
Entertainer, ^Lyv 'tsu niuii.
Entertainment, (feast) E jf ^/i^" zi^i,
(confer an) ^ ^ 'song yie?/, (amu-
sement) if^^fiVfl
siang'
kiV zz' 't'i.
Enthusiasm, *^ili> nyili sing.
'liau beh
Entice, llS 'yun yen', vMWi you'
Entire, yt^ won dz'ien, OQ well
lun, ^^ 'tsung dzi.
Entrails, ]S.Wi'f\W '"-i'^ ^ong' 16h 'fu,
>{^ sing (heart), Jf kiui (//rrr), fl^ bi
(roaio/si'o;nc//),jJflJ fi' {hmjs), ^ zun',
(Jcidneys) are the five upper viscera)
;^ill ^'-c^ruzong; :;c!J|r da'
dzang, i]>^]'/j 'siaii dzang, ^ we'
(stomach), JU)])lc bong kwong (blad-
der), .i\^n^>m sing pau loll (wv^riV/y
of the heart'), J^ 'taw (^gall bladder)
are the six lower viscera) J@A\lljft
ivd loll 'iVi.
Entrap, ^\%% 'yun yeu', Ry yaw', ^f
li paw' dzu'.
Entrance, f^ P raun 'k'eii, (no entran-
'^^-i^
ce) S;P^ pIA miin 'k'6 zeh.
Entreat, ^^ gieu, ffi^*C 'k'un gieu.
Entrust, ff^ t'oli fu', f A t'oh
niun, (him) fESS6^ t'oh peh
'la i.
-Entwine, SliC

KST
(autumn) ^yiyy t'sieu fun.
Equip, MfflJ^^ yi' 1'

EXA
hefear)5S5E'&^tfl
veh p'6'.
lie 'si 'a
Evening, ^fzM ya' % ^J\^M a'
zz 'li, (lamp lighting time) gjSSfEl
^iL 'tie tung ku' ziui kwong.
Event, ^fi zz' 't'i.
Ever, "^'^ dzangdzang, 7lc||ll
^ 'yung VII giung dzing'.
Evergreen, (tree) $^tS tung t' sing
zu'.
Everlasting, tK'^ '3'^'i^
^Im'f'S vu 'sz vu tsung.
'y-n,
Everliving, 1^^^^ dzang sung
veh 'sz.
Every,^ koh, (every man) jS'-'fS
J\. zoh ih ku' nimi, (to every per-
son one) ^AiS'^f^ 'ni6 niun
peh ih ktcS
t'iV kan.
Euphony, j^i^fff 'hau ting.
Europe, & ,S & eu lu p6, (European
countries) '&l^Bi&&i yang koh
du'.
Ewe, -fJ-'J^^ 'mii mie yang.
Ewer, ^BH kwc' deu.
33
BtjtH ziang .si'.
EXC
Exactly, (calculate) ^|HS^ si' sun'.
Exact, (unfairly) ^J^ luh soh.
Exaggeration, ^^fip^fg hwong
dong ku' seh f6',|5*f#Ii]^JS^^
wo' tub t'uhku' vun' 'ts6.
Exalt, ^:$t kau 'ku, f]^ de kau,
(praise) fi|f|f t'sung yang, ?S|i
t'sung tsa'.
Examination, (for master's degree) ^|[5
^ h'iang sz', (for doctor's degree)
"^ we' sz', (great) :f^^ du' 'k'au'
(small) >J>:^ 'siau 'k'au, (for dis-
trict) JIJ yo' 'k'au, (for depart"
ment) JjJ 'fii 'k'au, (in literature)
3Jt^ vun 'k'au, (in military) J^
^
'vu 'k'au.
Examine, ^^ 'k'au t'sah, ^^ dzo
'k'au, ^ ka t'sah, (of judges)
^f FtiJ 'sun mun', (of a coroner) ^
^ nie' sz, ^.\$,MiiU niew' 'kiew
sz song.
Examiner, ^ g 7iok kwcw.
Example, ^f^ 'piauyang', |^ 'pong
yang', (for example) j^ju/f 'pi fong,
tfia p'izu, fiia 'kiazu.
Exasperate, f||SiJS^
kih fah nu'
k'iS S>fi^Hl^ 'za i 'dung k'i'-
Excavate, ^ wall, [t{^$ waht'sehle.
Exceed, (in number) SSC@ ku' su'
mah.
Exceedingly, '^^ zeh fun, giuh,
(great) :/cSvfS^f#
tub, '^ ma?2'.
^^' I'i w^'o veh
Excel, (him) }Y^^M%^ 'pi
i 'ban
tub tvi, or 1^^ sung' tu.
Exact, HS^^ ih 'nga;; veh t\s6, j Excellency, (as a title) i/^AiUVnimi.

EXE
Excellent, IK^? 'ting 'hau, ^ ^ di'
ih 'liau.
Except, (the people of the place) |^
M^M'^AB^h dzu fell tsz
'pun di' niun 'i nga', ^Pj^k'eu'
dzu, ;05p
zah fi.
Excess^ ^'^iS j
"^ meli tsih du', (go
to) J^Ffifong' doDg'.
Exchange, f^f^ i^iau wen', ^i$:
de' icen', (shop) ^JJL zie^^ tsong,
(bill of) IB^ ^"e;2 sue'.
Exercise, (soldiers) ^|i:^T t'sau
lie??' ping ting, (practlse^mannal labour)
i^^^X hoh dzih 'sen
34
EXP
kung, (tasks) XrI kung k'u'.
Exert, (strength) {f{ :fj t'seh lib, (mind)
M>U fi' sing,;8 zing' sing.
Exhalation, ^ k'i', (from the earth) Jf
dv k'i'.
Exhaust, M^ yung' ^\cn.
Exhibit, igflj 'hie ming, ?gg{fj
^ yung yung t'seh 16.
Exhilarate, ^f f su t'sang', fglJS
JllJ t^-eh 'dung tsing zun.
Exhort, ^ k'io??', ^ k'iow' 'mie^j
^1 'ka k'ion, (men to be good) ^
yV^^^ k'ioM' niun f6 'zew.
Exigency, Hgfifl^^ 'kiun kih
ku" zz /^eu'.
*-
Exile, ^5 t'sungkiiin, (sentence to)
M/E. 'ni ding' t'siing kiiin.
Exist, (of himself) g^MW
zz' z6w
urh 'yeu or zz' zon urh z6n jf,\,
(still exists) j^^ w;a^ 'yeu.
Exonerate, (from blame) ^i^j^
WP veh 'i ti;e 'yeu 'dzue, ^^.
veh suw' 'dzue.
Exhorbitant, (charges) 'Mm^^
yau' dung die t'uh tii, jliSj^^
t'uk ku' vun', ^^^ tu 16 'si.
Exorcise, 0M.& '^^n t'eh 'kii, (by
charms) ^3LS^ niaw' tseu' 'ku
'kii.
Expand, ^gg 'tse
ffi ?fi pu' tsang.
k'e, ^ff^ su sun,
Expanse, (of sky) ^^ k'iung t'song.
Expect, 1 mong', ^ j^ 'tung Aeu'.
Expedient, "^^ plen' tong', ^S
//eh ni, (method) ^ f^ fong fah.
Expedite, ft|j5ft k'wa' 'tie^? tsii,.
Expel, gJU 'ku/? t'seh, ^ z6k t'seh.

EXP
Expend, ^j^ fr yung' ffi^ yung'
du'.
Expense, ^^ bow fi' S
be; zow ,
(journey expenses) E-&JI lu' fi=,
(daily expenses) H nyili ti\
Experienced, |S liew' dah, ^U
'lau liew', (liand)fii^
zok 'seu, (in
a
trade) ^ fr ne' Aong.
Experiment, sz'
(to) pi^'^^^* ih sz'
k'6?i'.
Expert, ^5^ 'k'i^^^ 'seu, K^ ^^'wa'
'seu.
Expiate, JKIp z6k 'dzue, (by merits)
i^ JdlltjiS 'i k"g 'P'^ ^^S (^y sa-
1^'ie/^' tsi' zok
crifice) Jit^lSP.
'dz-^.
Expire, ^ff^ '^ow k'i^
Explain, ^?p 'ka sell, finj tsu'
niing, ^ fah ming, (sacred books)
SfSitS 'kiang kiung soh fah.
Expletive, ^^86 l^'^i zz' 'nga.
Explicit, p^if.ffl ziangsi', (sayexplicit-
ly)fS^yj &f@ ^o' ming bah kii'.
Explosion, (of powder magazine) ^
MMMiK^^ 'iiu yuh gioh '11
'hu zi'ik 'tse.
Export, (cargo) {fj P^fit'seh 'k'eu
hu' sub, (to export) MMf^^hM
yiln' tan' 'he nga' deu.
Expose, Bffi^ lu' t'seh 16, (life) i^
'pp* p'ing ming'.
Exposed, I^SjJi^ soh p'u' 'la 'ts6'
Expound, u85u 'kong kieu', 0)3 1&
'kong ming bah.
Express, (to) iJBUj^ wo' ming bah,
{ll3^
wo' t'seh 16.
Expression, nf-B^ zz' 'ngaw, (vulgar)
f^ z6h zz' 'nga;?, (with good mean-
35
ing) J^
EYE
'hau zz'
nga^i', (with bad
meaning) ^^ k'ieu zz' 'ngaw, (with
substantive meaning) 'j^ zeh zz'
'ngaM, (an expletive) J^
'ngaw.
Expressly, 4t^ ^i-ih
^uh duh i' i' ku'.
i',
h'ii zz'
tuh duh 'li
Expunge, ^^

FAD
Eyeball, gg|^ h\g^n tsii, (ej^elids) ^|
'iigaw pan.
Eyebrows, jg ^ me mau, [Jgj^ 'ngaw
liiali mau.
Eye medicine, gg^ 'nga/? yah.
Eye witness, MWM^UA t'siiig
'niga;^ k'ciy^' kie;?' ki'i' niun.
-T able, (animals talking) f{|#^g)J
6 pS fi gjwn 'tseu sen' Lnli ?r6', (to
illustrate truth by fiction) .fg fitJ^
J^tft tsia' 'ka "i 'jii tsun.
Fabricate, fflij^ tsu' t'seh 16, J|
3^
tsz' 'dzau.
Fabulous, ^fiS h'u'kd.
Face, ^^L mie;^' 'k'ung, (a human
face but a beast's heart) AffiSS
V
>L^ mun miew' seu' snig.
Face, (to) f^ ^^ ka tsz i, ( south)
^I^ dzau nc.
Faco-painter,fS^l[lf0
Facetious, J^^ 'hau siau'.
dze;i zun ku^
Facile, Jgg zun'bien^ g yung
i'.
Fac-simile, "S "|^ ih suh ih vang\
Fact, Klf@-#ti zeh ze' ku< l.' 't'i,
(seek truth by collecting facts) ^
WV^:: 'i zeh zz' gieu 'zz.
Faction, ^3^ 'tong 'yu, (form a fac-
tion) ^"a kih 'tong.
Factory, f^^ yang Aong, M&M
tsz' 'zau gioh.
Faculty, :^f| dz6 nung, :;^'^ 'pun
zz'.
Fade, (leaves)|Sj:3||g].g ^,iV yih tiau
FAN
loh, (flowers fade and fall) :^fg
Ptif hw6 k'u 'lau 2i;\'.
Fagged, SSK sa dii, g^ k'wun'
vah, bi s'wn'
:?tz ih Faggot, (of fuel) 'k'wun za.
-
Fail, ^J^:^ veh zung kung, (fail to
keep one's word) ^f^ seh sing,
^ 5* zuh 9jien.
Failing, ftku't'su', g^ ku,
seh, ^ JlJiftp veh tau' tsz t'su'.
Faint, #|$in^ hwun ml zu 'sz,
1it&f#5S;f F#tl g^' p=6' tuh
ung peh vu' 't'i.
Fair, (beautiful) ^g 'mo II', (just)
&M kung dau', (fair wind)**||3H
zun' lung.
Fairy, fjjjA sie niun, fllf^ sie^e 'nu,
^Jcil yau kwa'.
Faith, 1K)U* sig' sing, (as one of the
virtues) f^^f^, sing' tuh.
Faithful, ^i^ tsung sing, Jf tsung
hen'.
Fall, ^ loh, g^ tih, (if you do not fly
high you will not be hurt in falling)
M ^ FSS*^fg
sons.
fi veh kau tih vlh
False, i^x '^^, flSffl '^^'^ yang deu.
Falsehood, U|| soh hwong, |;fg
't'saw mong.
yame, :gS ming sang, :2^ ming
k'i'.
Familiar, J^ z6h, J kwa;?'.
Family, ^ kia, ka^ ^^ ka kio;?'
(rich) SJE7V^ fiV tsoh niun kii.
Famine, |J|^ ki hwong.
Faii, Jl'j" sc;' 'tsz, (to) ^ s6^^' sc;^',
Mi svn' fi'ing, (stir up and deceive-

FAT
Taney, (to imagine) ^X|jJ( 'tang liang''
i 'siang.
Far, 5g 'yon, (from this place) Mit
JlfiiS,^! 't'sz di' 'yo;?., (far as heaven
from earth) JJ^Ifij^ t'iewt'sodi'
'yo;?.
Fare, (by boat or ship) ^^ z&n fi'.
Farewell, /fp^lj siang bih, Mfj\]li
l)ih, (lam going) -^^ k'i* 'tse,
"^^ 'tseu 'tse, (a good journey to
you) """SS^:^ ih liV bing on, (a
fair wind) j'j^Hl ^^i^^' ^''^"gj
Farmer, HfflfSiA tsung die ku'
'tsLi j|iun.
Farm-house. JE diew tsong.
Farther, ^j^ kung 'yow.
Fashion, J|$^ zz suh, /^^ zz yang',
(not in fashion) ^fy veh haug.
w^
Fast, ^:^ kiun' zuh, P^ k'iuk
tsa.
Fast, (quick) tfc k'wa', (firm) ^||
lau k'au', lau.
Fasten, (a door) B| f^ kwaw nnnr
(witli ropes) JHUli 'k'wun 'pong.
Fat, J^^BM, ^u' k'we' deu, tJI tsong
SEvi, (of pork) Itf^ tszyeu.
Fate, 3c^ t4e?i ming', jS^ yiin'
k'i'.
Father, $CSl 'vu t'sing^

FIG
BE tson^ vi ku' dl' hi.
Tervent, *>^>L? ^yi^^ ^i'f^i
sing.
iS^i^dzunj
Festival, ||1 jij\ tsih gi, (idolatrous procession)
|ij W t'seh tve'.
retch, ^fi^ k'i-' taw 16.
Tetter, JipiS kiali liaii, (hand cuffs)
-^a 'sen 'nieu.
rever, f^^ nyili bing, f^^ song
7m);2, (and ague) S"? ngoli 'tsz, |f
%^Jh fall Aow nyih.
Pew, >i? 'sau, :if^ li'i.
Jibre, (of silk) ifintlK s^ kun,
kiung loh.
Pickle, ^Bfc@; yung i' 'ke piew'
W^'IS^^'yeii'^^vutsung.
Piction, ^^^fSl^fJ
^ kun ku' seh
u-6', (works of) >J"^ 'siau soh.
Pictitious, f| 'ka.
Pidelity, t^i^ tsung sing, (to be un-
swerving in) ^,2* ^ing' tsung.
Pield, [H diew, (rice) ^^'03 dau' diew,
.
(of battle) ^i^ tsew' dzang.
Piend, % 'kii, ^g 'kwe kwH'.
Pierce, 1X|S liiung mung, (fire) g)J^
iK
lili 'iu'i.
Pife, H siau, |g" dih.
Pifteentii, ||+3l ^i' so 'ng.
Pifth, 1121 /i- 'ng.
^ig, ^?E* m bw6 'ku.
Pight, ^Jj^: 'tangtsangS ^ kung
'tang, 40 siang 'tang, ^^ siang teuS
Pigurative, (expression) J;b:^f@|^
pS" 'pi fong kiV seh tv6\
Pigure, J^ff^ yung ziangS tR ymig
zongS (of speech) J^^:^ 'pi fong,
3?
FIR
(figured chintz) TE'S^ hwo yan^
pu\
rile, i$_ t'siiS J} t'sii' tau, (file thin)
^T4 V&u' boh.
Pilial, ^ hiau', (be filial) :^)6hiau'
zun'.
Pilings, Mmlen; ^g^^ mii 'tsz, 'Jf
ts6 'tsz.
^ill> MS zung 'mew, (by pouring)
wi tsun 'mtin, (by raising) J^ diew
'mew.
Film, h^j^Mkahmoh.
Filter, i/g ]u-'.
Filth, Ills ok t'soh -^^^^
m
tru w6^
Fin, i^Mngt'sz.
:;
Finally, $$^ tsung kieu'.
Find, 4l ^ing ^ah, |3c 'tsau zah.
Pine, a sis (mulct) ffjWi^, vah
niung 'tsz.
Finger, ^Jg J^ 'sen 'tsz deu.
Finish, HXyQ tsu' e^-ew, JQ wew kung
(eating the whole) ?#;)
k'iuh tub ih kwong.
Finished, ^pt^ wen kih 'tse, wdn
'tse.
Finite, WfJcfS 'yeu Men'- ku'.
Fir, fell} Sling zu'.
Fire, >/C 'Im, (catch fire) iK^ 'hu
zah, (fire wood) ^ za, (fire a gun)
]Ji|i& fong' p'au'.
Firm, ^@ kiew'ku, (hold firm) i|
^ niah lau, (commercial firm) -fx
Aoug.
Firmament, 'i^;^k'iung t'song.
First, H di' ih, M-^M deu ih
ku', Ttl sie/i, @ 5l 'seu sie?^, (at
first) jt^^fe 'k'i sie;e.
'
*.

FLA
Tish, ]Sf ng,( angle) f^*^* tiau' ng,
(catch with net) JU tsoh ng.
risherman, JEit-A tsoh ng niun,
(boat) M^ 'mong zen.
Tish, (glue) ^J3 ng kiau.
Fissure, fjfS hwah lah.
Fist, ^BM gi^'* deu.
rit, ^>R3 Ml yungS ISJB yung'
yung', SEJQ' P'*^' ^^^"> (convulsion)
If-g^ fah Invun, ij t'seu fiing.
Five, 'ng, (constant virtues) JL*^
'ng dzang, (five lakes) Ji'SS '^S
Au.
Fix, ; ding', ^ ding' kiew', ^
ding'tong', J/1 ! lih ding', ^ on
ding', t4 tsu' ding', (by talking) ^
'^ 'kong loh,
Fixed, tft;S kiuh i', ^
flj f@ ah ih ku'.
ih ding',
riag, K gi, fl^ gi ku.
Flake, ^ p'le^i', (of snow) 3Jr sih
p'iew'.
Flame, ^^ 'hu ya'.
Flash, pv| 3
'se?i kwong.
Flat, j:^^ kiiin bing, pEJf- kwong
wah, (land) ^i^ bing di', (taste)
fkM 'daw boh.
Flatten, ^J^ 'tang bing.
Flatter, ^^ vung' dzung, (make a
small gift expecting a great return)
fJ^iKBi 'tang t'sieu fiiiig.
Flavour, f^ljfi tsz mi'.
Flaw, ^^j^ mau bing'.
Flax, j^ mo, '^/^ hu mo, (thread)
iHc ni6 sie*.
39
PLU
Flea, SjE^ t'iau' seh.
Pledge, ^^^ sang 'ii mau,
Flee, j|;^ dau 'tseu.
Fleece, ^^ yang mau.
Fleet, j^ k'wiV, jKj^ 'sing soh.
Flesh, I^ nioh, (fleshly body) ^||
nioh 't'i, (fleshly eyes) ^gg ni6h
'ngaw.
Flexible, |J: 'nio.
Fling, fill p'au, 5 tieu, ^ gwaw', f^
toh.
Flint, >^5 'hu ziih.
Float, ^SC p'iaulieu, '/f veu, ^
't'ung.
Float, (of timber) ^^ ba.
Flock, II giiin, fSj3^ dau b6'.
Flog, ff 'tang, ISfl* pie 'tang.
Flood, (the) i^7jC Aung 'sz, (water
rising) 7jC^ 'sz tsang.
Floor, 7tC tKSlItt moh 'pan p'u di', M
^ JK di' koh 'paw.
Flounder, J;^ @ , 'pi moh ng.
Flour, ^1^ miew' 'fun, ]f^ ^^^ mie^.
Flourish, &Ehiung wong', ^ hiung
fah, 1^ hiung lung.
Flow, 'JSfc lieu.
Flower, /f{^ hwo, 5t ^wo hwe, (pot)
^ hwo bun, (boat) j|S hwo zow, (to
flower) Swf-ti k'c hwo, (central flo-
wery land) 4*^ tsungti;6, (flowery)
jl^ wo li'.
Fluctuate, (in opinion) M^^ ^S yeu
ni veh ding', (in quantity) W ^W
>|? 'yeu tu 'yen 'sau.
Fluid, 'HcJJ lie^^ 'dung, (doctrine of
fluids) MKi$ lieu tseh yah.

FOR
Flurried, 'I^tt liwong mong, ^^
zah kih.
Flushed, "^JLf5Sl mie^' 'k'ung fall
7mng.
Flute, (play the) P^"^' t'sz dih.
Fly, S'ffi t'song yung.
Fly, (to) fil fi.
Foam, TjCf)^ 'sz meh.
Fodder, $M^ Hang 't'sau, fJ^ Hang
zuh.
Foe, fMA. dzeu dih, ffgl te' deii.
Foeces, (of sugar) l^ lip dong kiah,
(of wine) "^
'tsieu kiah.
Foetus, ^ yiin'.
Fog, f^ vu', (scatter the) ^ 'saw vii'.
Foiled, (his plan) 5ftE;?.^figtt
p'u'
t'eh tsz I ku' ki'.
Fold, ^^yanglau, [J] yang k'i6,
fflj] yang bang, (twofold) Mia ka
boS (fourfold) /jPEyf^ ka sz' bo'.
Fold, (to) # deh, Jf tseh.
Foliage, (abundant) MM'M^ zu'
yih men' zung'.
Follow, ^^ kun, -(( kun zung.
Fond, |U; 'hi hwe.
Food, :^ zuh, PfefS#J^J^ k'iukkiV
nieh zz', (cooked) ^Mi 'hu zuh.
Foolish, ^^^ nge bun', ^^ t'sun
bun'.
Foot, JJiP kiah, (measure) ^ t'sah,
(carpenter's) ^Jjifi lu' pa.' t'sah
(tailor's) ^$M dze vung t'sah.
Footstep, KSiJ^ tsung tsih, HSI^ kiah
tsik.
Foot, (soldier) jp^ bA' ping.
Footstool, F^JiP^ dah kiah tui;g^
For, @ yung we', (instead of) ft
40
FOR
# dc' t'iS (for);cS t'eh, # t'i', (for
gain) ^^iJ ^vg' 11'.
Forage, '^M^ liang 't'sau.
Forbear, fj ding, g MMf^ zz' ka
kiun' ka', (imperative) ^^Wi
veh yau' 'dung.
Forbearance, SB 'niun ne'.
Forbid, f^.ih kiun' 'tsz, ^|t veh
'hii.
Force, ^:^ k'i' lib, (take by force)
^M k'iang 't'su.
Force, (to) M5S 'niiew 'k'iang.
Ford, t^ du'.
Forefathers, |11^ 'tsu tsung.
Forehead, V^ 'nau niun, ^MM
ngak koh deu.
Foreign, (good^) l^M yang hu'.
Foreigners, $hH A nga' koh niun, ^
A i
niun.
Foreknowledge, 3fe Hi- 9]
tsz ming.
Foreknow, fl ^fc TlS ? I/"^'
tub.
Foreman, BM
deu.
sie kie'
^iew 'hiau
deu mob, XS '^^"S
Forenoon, Jl^ H 'zong p6w' nyih.
Foreordain, fH'5tjil/ 2/ii' siew'siew
ding'.
Forest, ttJ'H^ ^^i' Hng.
Forewarning, ffl^^ :?/u' dzau'.
Forefeit, (money) =5^ '^ah niun,
(salary) ^ vah fung.
Forge, (to) ^jli 'tang t'ih, >ffc hw6'
t'ih, in 'v/iew t'ih.
Forged, (bill) {fl^-7 'kap'iau"tsz.
Forget, /Sf niong' ki', >SM vong
uiig.
Forgive, ftiJc niau so', j^ so' 'mie;^,

FOU
Fork, X t'so, (silver) SR^X iii"n
'tsz t'so, (three streets meeting) jT.
XS n Scaw t'so lu' Mv'eu.
Form, ^%^$ mii yang', J^^ ynug
zong', SiS yung mair', ^$^ yang'
siih, (bench) S:^ dzang tung'.
Form, (to) J^gffi^ yung yung t'seh
16.
Formerly, ffiflj zung z\e?i, ^^fe tong
sie, sie zie^?.
Fornication, ^/^ ka// ynn.
Forsake, ^(^^3 11 k'6, |gK k'i' t^eh,
hwah t'eh, ^ tieu t'eh.
Fort, '^^J p'au- do.
Forthwith, jL^lI lih k'lih, BU tsih
k'uh.
Fortify, 5a ^J^ 'zau yung le'.
Fortified, (city) MM kie zung.
Fortnight, ^ IIS J^ pt'w' ku' nioh.
Fortuitous, f^^^i^ 'ngeu z6.
m
Fortunate, ^. 1^35 idli sing kau
tsau, WjHtTU 'yeu ''zau Invo'
kih ziang.
Fortunately, f-g-f^^ hah 'hau.
Fortune, ^ ming, jSfc yun' k'i'.
Fortuneteller, ^^^fc^ su' ming
sieM sang.
Forty, pg-^ sz' seh.
Forward, fl'J H zie deu, (go) |rJ Hj'
W^ h'iang' zie;/ miew' ki'.
Fosse, t$t'8 ^*aii keu, 7jC;?ifc
Foster, ^ 'yang.
'sz dzz.
Foul, ii| ok t'soh, (wind) j|^S
niuh fung, (of water) iM zoh.
Found, (a cannon) fpf>^ tsii' i)'au', (of
metals) ;t^ yi'mg tsii'. (an establish-
41
VRK
ment) ^M k'o gioh.
Foundation, Jife^ ^i' ^^' >S oh ki.
Fountain, ^ BB ziew 'ngaw, jj^ ni(m.
Four, |Zg, (regions) "jj sz' fong, (seas)
^ sz' 'h6.
Fourteenth, IH" IS f@. /i' zeh sz' ku'.
Fourth, (one) Wi^i,' sz' fun tsz
ih.
Fowl, fi|# fi giun, (domestic) ||
ki.
Fowler, ft*Sf@ 'tang 'tiau ku'.
Fowlingpiece, fij^ 'niau t'siang.
Fox, IE?!
/"'i li.
Fraction, 4i ling su'.
Fragment, '
*5^ ih k'wo',
p'ie;r, ^^ ling s6'.
-
*/=p ih
Fragrant, li'iang, if^^ 'hau
k'i' mi'.
Frail, (easily broken) )\)]l t'siie', (weak)
t>t||
'nK3 zalt.
Frame, ^^ ka' 'tsz, ;f'? kak 'tsz^
Frame, (and make) ^-jS tsz' 'dzau.
Frankincense, -jL^ '^u h'iang.
Frantic, ^f]E tie>^ g^Vong, ^^ fung
t'sz.
Fraternal, iUH|El 51 zu 'di zz' hiung.
Fraud, |ltlT
'''""^vo ki'.
Freckle, SSfi paw 'tie.
Free, Q' ^ Q ft zz' yeu zz' ze',
^ f^ ^ zz' ka tsok 'tsu, (from care)
^jfJi^l^ owz6;evuzz'.
Free, (to) MM fo^S' t'eh, 13# k'6
suh, ^!U kieu' zoh, fong' k'e, suh
fong'.
Freely, ^ ^JJ bah b-ih 'li, 1tiii1f
JBU kc'/^i sing zing nio;/'.
Freeze, J;^ t^ng-, ^^i niung kill, U

^v pInjT tuns;'.
FTIU
Freight, M-tKfi z6;i 'long Im' siih,
(money cliarge) ^^ zcn dxen.
Frequently, (several times) J^^yZ 'lu
t'szS (in the habit of coming) ^ ^
dzang le.
Fresh, 5||fgf sing sie, (cool) i$,j^
liang k^va', j^ fung liang.
Friend, SM^ bang 'yen, jf0ij siang
'hau.
Friendly, ^f^ k'wm do'.
Frighten, SHI kiung hah, ifilS^lJ
yV hah sah bih niun, (frightened";
Iif1'6fi^hahp'6"la'tse.
Frigid, ^ hon, i^ 'lang.
Fringe, (to cap) ,f^ yung, (silk) ^.^
sz w;6', sz yung tv6^.
Frisk, Jjt t'iau'.
Fritter, ^ gf yen '])ir.g.
Frivolous, (matter) >J>Vt| 'siau zz'
't'l.
Frog, Hl| die^i ki.
'^
From, ^ zung, Q -{j^ zz' zung, (from
the plain to the profound) l^t^A.
'S^ yeu 't'sie zeh sun, (from youth)
'{i(>J> ziing 'siau.
Front, iJS^ ziew den, (to front south)
^] zaune;^, Hj t'sung new.
Frontier, }^^ pie k4', (wall) JJ|
pie dziang.
Frost, Hi song.
Froth, '}^-f meh 'tsz.
Frown, ^i IH ^seu' mo deu.
Frugal, i^M 'sang yung', WM tsih
liew, j^ 'sang gie;'.
Fruit, ^-J; 'ku 'tsz, (in season) flt
-^ zz 'kii.
42
FUS
Fruitful, SS fung zung', 'M nien'
zung'.
Frustrate, K^M
ba' t^^a'.
Fry, Jif^ tsiew, (in small pieces) %y
'L'sau.
Fuel, SI za, (gather) f^^ zih za,
(cut) ^-^1 p'ih za.
Fugitive, ^i|Hf0JV
niun.
dau naw' ku'
Fulfil, JMM- yung' niew', ^g^ zung
dzieu', (he does as he says) "^ im
^IW-ly ?/i^'^ t'seh vi yung.
Fulfilment, 3iS|: yau' niew'.
Full, i^ 'mew.
Fuller, ^^ f@ p'iau pu' ku'./
Fully, ytt^
'^^'^'w ziew.
Fumigate, ^ 'JiM hi tin ih hiiin.
Fundamental, /f]^^ kun 'pun.
Funeral, ^'^ song zz', {fj?^ t'seh
ping.
Fungus, /f'CB moh 'ni.
Funnel, J^-J* leu' 'tsz, (for smoke)
ffltS 2/ie 'dung.
Fur, & hi.
Furious, [)y J hiung mung, i/cS da
nu'.
Furlough, (ask for a) -^f^ kau' ka'.
Furnace, ^XM. 'Im lu, S yau, ^ lu
tsau'.
Furnish, ff|!f| bo' ban'.
Furniture, 'jf^'JC ka 'Im, ^Mlf^
k'i' 'ming ka sang.
Further, Mj^ kung 'yo;^, (and) X.
*f^V1$ yeu' ih 'giew zz' t'i', ^
^ '
rf^ li"g' 'yeu ih 'gie, (and
further) "jjff JL urh 't'sia.
Fuse, ^iJ siau, IJ tsu'.

CAR
Fustian, ^^ liw6 niung.
Futile, PiixSS M meh yuk t'sil'.
Future, ^^^ 'Aeu 16, jf^M tsianglc,
(life) ^^ 'AensuDg, ^lltl^szS
(in future) ||^^ naw dzau 'Aeu.
G
ijain, ?f!l lis ,J, li' sih.
Gain, (to) lElHl^
tuh sungS ^
dzaw' dung dien
(conquer) fe
yung'.
Galaxy, 5Ci^ t'iew lio
h\i.
Gale, ^S du' fung, ^ bau' fung.
Gall, J| 'ta^ (bladder) ^ 'tan pau,
(bitter as) ^ ^D 'k'u zii 'taw.
Gall -nut, 31 fS -f 'ng b6' 'tsz.
Gallop, ::^S6da"bau.
Gambling, n|f|| 'tu pob, (is next to
robbery) {^jj^ 'tu 'giun dauS
(gambling house) i^ 'tu dzang.
^me, (of chess) '^t^ ih gioh gi,
Goal, ^^ ka lau.
Gaoler, ^ BM#^ "?* 'lau deu kiun 'tsz,
^S4^f@ 'kvvew ka lau ku'.
Garden, /f^^hwoyoM, (for vegetable)
IKfflt'f'e' yo.
Gardener, 'B^'fSSIf 'kweu h^Y6 yo
kuS^fifS isiiiig' hwo kuS
Gargle, (the mouth) \^U sok'k'eu.
Garland, ^^^ hwo ku.
Garlic, su .
TfvT;
Garment, 3S i zong, (one) *f^[^ih
'giew i :?ong, (best)7ic du' i zong.
Garner, ^^ t'song
ka/. \.
43
GEN
Garnet, ^0^]^ ya' ming tsu.
Garnish, $^ '", (in man-
ners) ^^/mk'i', JmI*!! wun 7m.
Genii, fl{l llil zun sie, JlliyV sieniun

GIL
(the eight) /V JuJ pah s'len.
Genius, 5^^ t'ien clze, (a) ^^ dzc
'tsz.
Genteel, ^:^| vim 'j'a,^ sz vuri.
Gentian, ^j^

GOV
k'i', (go down) p-^ 'auk'i'.
Goat, \h^ saw yang.
Go-between, S^A me niun.
God, JL'^ zaiig' ti', (according to
some) 5ci t'iew 'tsu, MW ^^^^^
zim, (a god) # zun, (gods) %,#
'kwe zun, fnf 5/3^11 zun ming bu
sail.
Goddess, (of mercy) ffiW^^S kwcw
yun bu sah, J^5(k kwew yun niang
niang, ^^ sung'
Godly, J^ pC gien zung.
'mii. .
Godown, ^^^ 'dzaw vong, (in the godown)
^ 'dzaw 'li.
Gold, MiE w'ongkiun, (thread) ^
kiun sie', (leaf) Jfi kiun boh.
Goldfinch, ^'^ wong tsiuh.
Goldsmitii, ^| kiun dziang'.
Gong, (of coppei-) H^S diing lu.
Good, if 'hau, ^ 'zcw, ^^ liang
'zew.
Goods, ^t5
^''i' suh.
Goose, |g ngu, (quill) ^^ ngu mau
pih, (wild) [(^ 'ya ngu.
Gorge, (the) P0P^ pieti' Aeu'.
Gorgeous, jl^%^ kwong 't'sc.
Gospel, JlS^ foh yun.
Govern, ^-JJ 'kwe '11, }& dzz Mi,
^*||
'kwe ah.
Government, ^\^ koh tsung, 'i^J|S
tsz' du-, @ ^ koh kia, "fii^ fong
puh.
Governor, (of one province) jil:^ 'f^
de, (of two provinces) ^MW tsung
^toh, (of a large, middle sized, and
small city) ^DjjJ tsz 'fu, ^UJi] tsz
tseu, ^J{^ tsz vow', (of |
the uni-
45
GRA
verse) ^CffifSi^t'iew di' ku' 'tsu
'tse
Gourd, ^ M hii lu.
Gout, JiBJSL kiah fung.
Gown, ^^-J* bau 'tsz, (wadded) fj^
-fl^i mie 'au.
Grace, ,, un, f^; un tuh, M uu 'tien,
^ un 'e'.
Grade, (ninth grade of officials) TLpp
'kieu 'p'ing, (grades) pp 'p'ing, (half
grades) t^ kih, (promotions to the
extent of a grade and a half) Jfll jH
^
ka saw kih.
Gradually, i|(fSrf|S
dziew' dziew' ku'
(ascend) iPiP^^ bu' bu' tung
kau, ^ji^H a tsz t'sz' di'.
Graduate, (as bachelor) jH^^ tsing'
Aoh, (as master) 4*$A tsung' 'ku
niun, (as doctor) 't'J^lJt tsung'
tsing' 'zz.
Graduate, (a) ^^ sieu' z6, jJC^ van
sung.
Graft, ^ tsih.
Grain, (five kinds) .^ 'ng koh, (a
grain) *fjl ih lih.
Granary, J^[e9 t'song kaw, t'song
ling, (government granary) g ^
kwew t'song.
Grand, i^;^ kau da', Oi7C Aongda',
Granddaughter, ^^ J^ 'nu sun.
Grandfather, jflIl;3C
kung kung.
'tsu 'vu,
Grandmother, fffl.'S^ 'tsu 'mu.
Grandson, ^-f sun 'tsz.
Grant, (to) f^ 'hu, MiC 7""
7% 'tsun.
&&
yiin.
GrapeS; bu dau, i^ beh dau.

GUI
Giasp, fife-^ iiiah lau.
Grass, !^ 't'saii, (fresh) W^ Vs'mg
't'sau, (srass cloth) X'^ '^^^-^^ P^'-
Grate, >^'M
'li^ i^'^-
Grateful, iS>' '^ew un.
Gratified, ^K 'hi ycih, 'Kfg k'a'
^;eh.
Gratis, |^ j&H Mh hah 'li.
Gratuity, ^|i 'song sz', (to servants
and messengers) MM 'tsieii die?*.
Grave, J^^ vim mu'.
Grave, (in aspect) ^i tsong nie,
J^ we nieM.
Gravel, ^5 ^^' z^h.
Graver, M ^ fH k'lih zz' ku', (graving
knife) t^j^TJ k'lihzz'tau.
Gravy, ff; t'ong, ^ kang.
Gray, Jc& hwe suh.
Graze, PS'^^ we nieu yang, ^Ct^
k'iuk t'sau.
Grease, ^ fH^ kaii yen, Jg tsz kau,
gift yen ni'.
Grease, (to) ^ meh yen.
Great, :k d^S (very great) ':feS^5E
dii' 16 'si, n^tb du' 1^ sa' nung.
Greatly, P^ft sa' nung, :/C::^tb du'
diV nung, (fear greatly) t p'6- 16
sa' nung, ?S P'o' tuh giuh.
Greedy, ^t|^ few k'iuh.
Green, |^ loh, (pea green) SW deu
t'sing.
Greet, P3if
niun' 'hau.
Grey, ^'^ hw6 suh, (a grey beard)
^6ft 'lau bah su, (long cloths)
Ji^'&'fll niow suh pu'.
Grieve, ^[a^ yeumun', f^ yeu dzeu,
m ihilj song sing, >]&
46
1^ sing nun.
GL'L
Grievance, ^^ yu k'ioli, (state a)
lip su' yo.
Grind, ^ mu, Ij^f niew, (the teeth) Pj
3* 'ngau nga.
Grindstone, >S5 niu zah, ^-f'
niu 'tsz.
Groan, PJIS t'aw' k'i'.
Grocer's shop, ^;^ Jf dz6 zuh p'u,
(southern goods) iS^jJJ new hii'
tiew'.
Groom, ,^^ 'mo fu.
Gross, 15. t'su.
Grotesque, ^ j^ gi kwa'.
Grove, (of bamboos) ft^ tsoh ling.
Ground, Hi di'.
Ground-nut, ^^^ loh hw6 sung,
:^^^ dzang sung 'ku.
Ground-rent, JiEffl. di' tsu'.
Groundless, ^^^^j[S m kun m 'ti,
|lfif^.^Si^>^'yungmtsung.
Group, f^ 'hu, Pl^ de', || giiin.
Grow, ^"i^ sung 'tsang.
Grudge, ?S^Mt y^^' k'i'^ ( expendi-
ture) ^'iH ling sill.
Gruel, 5I5 tsoh.
Guard, ^tJ^ k'ow 'seu, JC 'p6 'seu,
P;5 bong 'seu, (a guard) |^j^J /m'
\v6', (guard against thieves) ^^
S iliJi kiun' bong dau' dzuh.
Guess, If^ t'se dob, (could) Jf f#
^ t's6 tuh zah.
Guest, ^A k'ah niun,
Guide, 'pIS& 'lin^^ !"'
Guilt, IP 2 'dzue ming, 'dzue*
Guitar, ^^^ bi bo.
Gullet, Pg^Pi Aeu h'mg.

HAN
Gum, ifj^ zu' kiaii.
Gum, (benjamin) ^ M*^
hiang.
Gums, ^"^J^ nga 't'sz zong.
Gun, ,%|t 'niau t'siang.
^'^^ sili
Gunpowder, ^^ 'liu yi'ih, (gunpow-
der tea) JS2:^ tsu tsz dz6.
Gust, (of wind) -^F-^S ih dzuii' lung,
Gjpsum, ^^ zali kau.
E-abitual, l^'l^^ tsu' k\vai', ^ zih
kwa'.
Hades, 1^^ 3 un ka?, |^3 yun sz,
PgjjJ
6/^' 'lu.
Hail, /ti p'au'.
Hair, M^ deu fall, (of animals) ^
Hair's breadth, *
Aau.
'SS*"*^
Haircloth, ^^ man piV.
Half, -:^ ih p6n'.
ih sz ih
Hall, ^J k'ah t'ing, ^^ k'ah
dong.
Halo, SHI fung k'iow.
Halter, f|BH lung deu, ,^i|-J 'mo
lung 'tsz.
Ham, *XM
Hamlet, ^^fj
'li^'^ 't'^.
t'sun' tsong.
Hammer, |^BM long deu.
Hamper, 'M-'f
'lieu 'tsz.
Hand, ^ 'seu, (hand-stove) ^i^
'seu lu.
Handicraft, ^ 'seu ni'.
Handkerchief, ^ ffj 'seukiun, (of silk)
kiow' deu.
47
HAR
Handle, JP^ mo lung'.
Handle, (a) |^ ping', |B 'p6
Handsome, fi-f^ 'hauk'ow'.
Hang, ^ k\v6', jl^ jim kwo
self) ffi ^ tiau' sah.
Happened, (just then^BiS TFt'ehtsuHg',
I'p iff hah 'hau, J^J^ bang 'k'iau,
(happened to meet) l^^ji^
'ngeu zon bang' zah.
Happiness, SM^ foh k'i', (be hap-
py) :$. 'hiang foh, if^ tsoh loh.
Harbour, (to) !j^ wu zong (a har-
bour f# P 'he 'k'eu, ,f|BK 'mo
deu, (has come into) f^^ P ^ 'seu
'k'eu 'tse.
Hard, fjj ngang', (to accomplish) )^
^ van na.
Hare, ^-f t'u' 'tsz, SfIS 'ya mau.
Harelip, ^k^M k'i^h tsz.
Harlot, ie^ t'sang gi'.
Harm, ^ he', (no harm) :^$|P^
veh nge' siV.
Harmonious, ^U 1^ Au moh, ffi siang
Au.
Harmonize, ^J^^Q diau M',
Harmony, (a) ^jltfU SI 'p6 't'sz Im
moh, ipj diau.
Harness, (a horse) ^ il| be' 'mo, (a
cart) 3^^ t'au' t'so.
Harp, ^ giun, (to play) t# dan giun.
Harrow, |Jife i>6di', (a harrow) |&
p6.
Harsh, aJ^J^
boh.
t'uh niew, ^ijj^ k'uh
Harvest, J|i^ seu zung, (wheat) ^JK
'siau mah seu 'Hew ku' zz hen'.

HBA
Haste, k'vviV
(make) ^iS k'vviV 'tiew, or
k'wa' k'wa', (hasten him) fS'^
t'sue i.
Hasty, ^tt kih mong, 53 J^ 'sing
oh, 14^ sing' kih.
Hat, \^%^ mail' 'tsz, (felt hat) S
tsew mail', (summer hat) i,^^ liang
man', (red tasselled) ifX|^ Aung we'
mail' 'tsz.
Hatch, IJIP^ t'song mun, (open the
liatches) ^|t k'6 fsong.
Hatchet, :^5M 'fu deu.
Hate, 'H/mng',
^ jyie''
fi"!'! tsiing yie, |pt
li'.
Hateful, RI^ 'k'6 4'.
Hatter's shop, iJIIS man' p'u'.
Haughty, | kiaii ngau'.
Have, ^ 'yen, (have not) ^J^ m
meh, (has gone) 2*f^"^^ 'ikiimg
k'i' 'tse.
Haven, #j|5( Jil;:^ ding zewku'di'
fong.
Having, (as a causal conjunction) gJc
^ ki' z6w, (as an adverb time) Ci
j^ 'i kiiing.
Hawthorn, lll^sadz6.
Hay, ^t-^
Hazardous, ^I^
^^i^' 't'sau.
Haze, ^^ yiin vu'.
'iv^ 'men.
He, 'gJi.^S '^^gi, Sgi.
Head, ^% deu, (of a Avorking gang) jC
II kung deu, (of a party) @ deu
moh, (of a clan) "^^ z6h 'tsang.
Head, (to) tUB^ t'seh deu, fM 'li"g-
Head-ache, ^Mj^ deu t'ung'.
Heal, -B i-
Healed, ifJi ^ 'hau 'la 'tse, S'JE
48
HEl
"^ dzien 'yii 'tse.
Health, (in good) Jft-SMTtt
sun 't'
gie' tsong', l^y^ 'song k'wa', (are
you in) ^Ji5 'hau 'la 'va, (I am
in) 'hau 'la. (not in health) ^MlSi
veh suh i'.
Heap, M te, iS tung, (heap up) M^
tc tsih, ^ le tsih.
Heap, (up gold and gems) iiC^^
3E
te kiun tsih nioh.
Hear, ^ t'ing, (I do not-) ^M^
veh t'ing kie', ^ |1{ t'iiigvehl'seh^
(I cannot) ^^ t'ing veh le.
Hearsay, (know Ly) MpS fung vun.
Heart, i[j sing, ^"sj* fong t's.^m', >l^
Jlli sing di'.
Heat, %M iiyih k"iS (avoid heat) j^
:?^
hi' 'su.
Heat, (to) K'S^ liLing nyih, (by toast-
ing) Jl 'k'au nyih, (make it hot)
nyih ih nyih.
Heathen, $h^A> nga' kiau' niun, f^
'j^n A' sing' veh kii' niun.
Heaven 5C ^''^^^h (.paradise) 5C^
t'iew dong, ^ ^ ming kung, (son
of) 5C"P
t,'ie 'isz.
Heavy, "^ 'dzung.
Hedge, ^"K li 1>^>-
Heed, (take) ^hi\J 'siau sing.
Heedful, iMfe 'kiun zun'.
Heel, Sijl^Mkiah'Aeukun.
Heifer, >J>n^ 'siau nieu.
Height, i^ kau,
r;L- kau t'su'
Heighten, JJ^ do kau, M ka kaii.
Heir, m^ 2^'ts^. ^^^Hfi
zung 'zeu ka nyih ku'.

HER
Hell, Mfi di'nioh, Pfjf 6w"fu.
Helm, its '

ka'.
HON
His, ^f@ i kuS (His own) {? g ^
f@
i zz' kakii'.
History, ^ffi 'sz ki', (properly the
History of Sz ma t'siew). (Mirror of
history) |||^ kong kaw', (Twenty
one histories) "H* ^^ ma' ih 'sz,
(history of a man) ^Jg le lih, q*
'trW- 2/iew yimg dzew'.
Hit, ^X 'tang, fi^ zong' zah, (with
an arrow) M^ zoh zah.
Hither, $Ubit tau' 't'szdi'.
Hitherto, -^ Ir] ih h'iang', ^^ ziing
16, h'iang' 16.
Hoard, (to) ^_ tsih h'ioh, (wealth)
^If tsih dz6.
Hobgoblin, 'g^|f kwa' veh, ^ kwa'
sue'.
Hoe, MM zz deu, (to hoe) l^ffl yun
di'.
Hoemorrhage, ffi^lQlfS p'6' h'ioh kiung
Hog, ^^ tsz lu, (lard) f^J tsz yen.
Hoist, (a flag) Jf ]^ t'sah gi, (a sail)
jlhiiiS t'sa bung.
Hold, J|5p niah lau, |^ zz, (with
the hand) ^^ 'sen no.
Hole, JL'^^'iing, (aperture)^ k'iau'
(in a needle) ^ 'ngaw, (in the
ground) J^L k'ang.
Hollow, ^ k'ling, i^ h'ij.
Holy, ^ sung', (most) ^ tsz' sung',
(pious) ^1^ gien zung.
Home, ^^ ka '11, M
50
6h 'li, (my
home) ^JH^^ 'ngu ku' 'lau ka.
Hone, ^JJ yp mu tau zah.
Honest, ^^ lau zeh, ^^J$, tsung
/ieu'.
nou
Honey, '-^ mih, (wild) Sf 'ya mih.
Honey-comb, -^^ mih vong.
Honeysuckle, ^^^^^ kiun niun dung.
Honour, ^^ tsung kiung', ^W.
tsung 'dzung, ^ kung kiung' ^
(suhst) till t'i' mie', ^J yung
wo.
Hook, i^ keu, (fishing hook) f^ tiau'
keu.
Hoop, ;A-Qj ku, (bomboo) 'fj tsoh ku
li
t'ih ku.
Hope, 2 mong', Jg 'tsz mong', G
p6 mong'.
Horary, (characters) -f 'tsz, J; 't'seu,
J^ yun, ;^P 'mau, J^ zun, '^E* zz.
-^ 'wu, ^ vi', ^ sun, 0* 'yeu,
j^ sih, ^ Ae'.
Horizon, ft^ di' bing, 5Cj^ t'iew
piew.
Horn, ^ koh, (deer's horn) ^ loh
koh.
Horrible, RTSPTil 'k'6 kiung 'k'6
"
hah.
Horse, ^ 'mo, (a hundred) "^"ly E
ih pah p'ih 'mo.
Horsekeeper, >^ y^ 'mo fu.
Horsewhip, >l|ff| 'mo piew.
Hospitable, ^f^^ljA 'k'wewde'bih
niun.
Hospital, j^-BK ^^ ^ y^^^'' C^^''
foundlings) ^'^^^ yoh yun
. dong.
Host, ^^ ka 'tsu, ^ J\. 'tsu niun.
Hostess, ^# ka 'mti.
Hot, i^ nyih, (springs) |m:^ wun
ziew.
Hour, (one) -^flS^fM ihku'zzzun,
^iftlJ ill 'ti*3 tsung.

IIUS
Hourglass, iy^ &6 leu'.
Hourly, Stflf^lj^lj zz zz k'uh k'lih.
^f dzak 'tsz, fJi^ 'su dze'.
House, ^ ka, ^-f vong 'tsz, M oh,
Household,
'
'^f@A
ih ka kii' niun.
'S.ow, 815tb 'na nung, f- 'na tub, fj
'na hang nung, *tE:^ 'a 'li nung.
However, j^ zen, ^l 'tan, (I however
donotfear) $S^t& 'ngu 'tau
veh p'c'.
Human, (life) A^fefilS^Jl niun
sang 'la sz' ka' long-, (feqjings) A'lw
niun zing.
Humane, PT'lft'SAfS)!?
'k'u j^un ku' sing.
'k'6 lien
Humble, H^M ^'iew h'u, 5^ k'iew
sun', @ -^ zz' pe zz'.
Humour, ft^ sing' 'tsz, jfe^ hi k'i',
(humourous) ^^A^ e' 'za niun
siau'.
Hundred, pah, (one hundredth) ^
*
di' ih pah.
Hunger, a ngu', ii ki ngu', JitH
'du 'li ngii'.
Hunt, ^T 'tang lih, H 'tang ;e.
Hurdle, (wooden) TfC^II^-J: moh
deu kah 'tsz.
Hurl, Jjli p'au.
Hurricane, KS gu' fung, :^ dii'
lung.
Hurried, ft mong, ^^ zah kih, '[^
hwong mong.
Hurt, f^ song, song 7^6'.
Husband, ^^ dzang' fu, :^Ane;i
niun.
Husbandman, ^^ niing fii, fUfflA
tsung' diew niun.
Husk, ^$ k'ong, jji bi, (bran) '^)JC
fu hi.
ING
Hut, ^|HJ] 't'sau bang, ^ maubang,
(watch hut) M "^ kang so'.
Hymn, p^ sz, :^ sung sz.
Hypocrite, fS|&#f@A
'ka mau'
^t'e 'zew kiV niun, iSSiS^'fTA 'ka
tsong sieu 7mng niun.
Hyssop, ^WM nieu sib 't'sau.
Hyson, ^M 'h'it'sun, (young) MflJ
'vii ziew.
A J 55 'ngu, 'ngi "^ ngu.
Ice, VA ping.
Icicle, i? pien dob.
Idea, ft>S i' sz', M. i' kiew', ;t:SI
niaw' deu.
Identical,
'
^TM ih yang', (person]! Wl
'flM A diing ih ku' niun.
Idiot, S^ffl A nil bun' ku' niun.
Idle, 1^1 Imn, ^ k'ung han, 'Rflf
'law dii'.
Idol, i^Wi 'ngeu ziang', UM^^M^
ni siV mok tiau, (of wood) /fv^MA
mob deu niun.
If, ^ig zak sz', ^ zak'zz, {^0
'kia zu (if it had been that not being
so) fiS^ 't'ong zen, tB 't'ong
zak, ^ 't'ong wob, ^ 't'ong sz'.
Ignite, )^^ sau zah.
Ignoble, ^!i| pe dzie^?/, fr>|)iB 'pi
leu'.
Ignominious, ^||Mf@ ^eh''t'i miew'
ku'.
Ignominy, ^^ sieu z6h, !|Il sieu
't'sz.

urn
Ignorant, S^K^^U nil ming vu tsz,
^IS^ veil suh zz', )iiJi!iKi^
sing di' mong me'.
m, W^ 'yen bingS ^WM veh
suh is ^M'^ ^^eh 'sopg k^Ya^
Illegal, :^;^|$ fe veli Aeli lib fall.
Illegitimate, (son) |-? su' 'tsz
Illiberal, >J>| 'siau k'i'.
Illimitable,
^'^ *K?^,^S ^^^^w' vu
liang'.
Illiterate, ^H^fS veh'suli zz= ku',
^ 15^(0 veil zung doh su ku'.
Illogical, ^-^'IrS veil Aeli dzing
% ^51 veil t'ung.
Illumine, j^H?^ kwong tsau', 9^ tsau'
liang', (the world) ^M3^TE9
^7 'p'u tsau' t'ie> 'Aau sz' fong.
Illustrate, M-M tsang 'h'iew, 0^
fahming, pf tsu' ming.
Illustrious, JEJ^^^M tsung' da'
kivoug ming.
Image, iHJuM ni 't'u ziang', |lj zun
ziang'.
Imaginary, Plf^PitlBl^tl '
'yung m 'h'iang ku' zz' 't'i.
Imagine, ^J 'siang, i^Sl^SJaffi*
sing
'11 niah 'dzau t'seli le.
Imitate, ^Jiyau'fah, ^ hoh.
52
Immaterial, ^?i5|Sf^ vu yung vu
ziang'.
Immeasurable, ^^ftfij^ veh nung
liang doh, ^^S vd hlen' liang'.
Immediately, jtSil lih k'uh, ^^
lie mong, Sflf tung zz, l|Jl 'mo
long'.
Immense', ^j^^Wi('& kwong
7iie', P^jSP^I^ *" piew m tsi'.
da' vu
Immerse, ^ilLyKMk tsing' 'hi 'sz 'li, I ku'
IMP
JJlT"^ dzun Vau k'i', S wun' 'la
Immodest, ^Bf#:
tvih sieu 't'sz.
veh 'hiau
Immoral, ^JEfM veh tsung' kiung,
^^M
veh 'zz 'li.
Immortal, :^

IN
Impetuous, '^^.'fun 'yving.
Implements, ?f&M1$jfe k'i' 'ming ka
sang.
Implicate, (others) MSK'J A I'i' gili
* bill riun, (posterity) JS^-fi^
lie/2 16' 'tsz sun, ~Ff$ kuw zeh, 'fB
^ siang kun.
Implore, S/J'C 'k'lm gieii.
Impolitic, ^flS veil bie'.
Imports, j^ P ^ ^ tsing'
suh.
'k'eu luV
Important, ^%i, yau' 'kiun or 'kiun
yau', ]^7C 'dzung da'.
Importune, J^^ va 'su.
Impos^upon, 5>AlWm ^'^ m
^ffl>& veh yimg' sing,' ^lifveh
'li w(i'.
Inanimate, P^J^ jf^|l[l m meh tsing
zun, ^ttfSWl veh nung t;eh
'dung, iS^Ffitl ^'"ng
't'i.
veh vu*
Inattentive, ^ S/U" veh lieu sing,
^M veh t'ing.
Inaudible, |^^ ffi t'ing veil t'seh.
Inauspicious, ^^^Pfveh kih dziang.
Incalculable, ^^tii^fg su' veh
t'seh 16 ku'.
Incantation, ^E, tseu', (Buddhist) fti
^/S du lu ni.
Incapable,
^Ob vu nung.
m meh 'pun zz' ,
Incarnation, ^J^ArS' zungtf?e niun
sun, (of Jesus) HP^^^ ^ya su
kiang' sung, Siiflo Mlife deu va;2
t'6 urh sung.
Incautious, ^/^)l^ veh yung' sing.
Incendiary and murderer, ^AjK^
f[3 sail niun fong' 'liu kii'.
Incense, ^ h'iangf, (of sandal wood)
fS daw h'iang.
Incessant, :^f^ veh ding, ^^ eeh
dzili .
Inch, -ij* t'sun', (of time) JrH^^lj

ill irien'- zz k'uh.
TN-C
Incite, |?5 Idh fall, f^U '^'u \u.
Inclination, J^ jpj tsz' li'lang'.
Incline, fifi "
p'iew
'la ili m]en'.
Inclose, g^ i.e zdh, ESSIIpJ
k'io??- 'la '11 h'iang'.
Inclosure, (for sheep) ^I) yanglc'iow,
^ yang Ian, (covered) fD] yang
bang.
Include, QgS pan kwali, 'g' pan
Mn.
Incoherent, (talk) IxBnlt^'^ ^^^^ "^'>'
7/-U (III.
Incombustible, >K^^M 'hu san veh
zah.
Income, (from house) ^^R vong tsu
(from land) iU
c^i' tsu.
Incommode, pi{t>{^ naw tt'o,
'nau, ^JJ lau 'dung.
Jfocommunicable, ^Bb^SBlJAiS
veh nung fun 'la bih niun kii'.
Incommparable, Piit m 'pi, P& A
J^W-^S^ffl ^ sa' niun 'pi tuh le ku'.
Incompatible, M Iff^ 74^'^ '^ang
mie' veh vii Iieh.
Incompetent, PM^^Mnb
nung.
^'^

Indelible, ^J^^^ffi
t'seli.
55
INE INF
dn meh veh
Indelicate, (bury shame) MliS,M^
ma meh lie;? 't'sz.
Indemnify, lu| be 'pu, ftjSdzoog
ican.
Independent, jlf^f^S zz' ka tsok
'tsu, il ^ zz< -kwc'^ zk'.
Index, ^1^ moh loh.
Indian, (corn) ^J^/fv tsim tsu ^ma.
Indicate, ^p SS 'tsz 'tiew, ff^ 'tsz zz'.
Indict, 'S'^kau' zoncr'.
Indifferent, (to) il^^l^f^ sing Mi
'\ancr danS 31 i' ^^-^X ^t^ veh
Manoj i' veh nyih.
Indigestible, 8J[UfH ft
h\v6'.
Indigo, (3ji pj dien' t'sing.
na 'i siaii
Indiscreet, ^ffjffl veh tsz si', Pft^
1^ m "kief*' suh.
Indiscriminate, VJvTwLyU veil lun ^pc
't'sz.
IndispensablB, ^^fsj- 'au Te4i tub,
H^JI
ba' veh tub.
Indisposed, ^iSgvehsuhr, :^ @
^ veh zz' 7.(i\
Indisputable, ^fb^f gxf@ veh ming
blew' poh kii'.
Indistinct, ^ fS SI veh t' sing t'su.
Indolent, ^JIS'ISI'W t'e Aaw 'laH du'.
Indulge, Jt|i5S long' tstiug', %'^
k'wew yjjng, Hi>* k'wen su'.
Industrious, ft^iun, pS ginn 'kiun.
Inebriated, P^;!?' l^'i^i^^ tsue'Hsieu
Ineffable, fj :^ ^^ilH
ico- veh lo ku'.
Ineffectual, PHixS^S "^ "leh yau'
.nie-J'
Inestimable, ^R^R
'pau.
vu kia' tsz
Inevitable, ^i^Qj veh tub ''i, *^
^3^ 'miew veh le.
Inexhaustible, M^^ yung' veh ew;?,
fft.?!^^^S ii meh giung dzing'.
Inexorable, tglSI^K 'w;a ; veh
'tse, ^tlM^kAM veh'k'ung
niau so' niun 'dzue.
Inexpedient, WMm veh blew' tong'.
Inexperienced, ^^^^ veh z6k 'seu,
(in a trade) ^hff ngtV Aong.
Inexpiable, ^jffMM veh 'Imu zh
ku' or z6h veh le ku*.
Inexplicable, ^^^^Ui
t'seh.
'kti seh veh
Inexpressible, fj^^ to' veh dzing',
wLvJ U4 soh veh t'seh.
Inextinguishable, 3^^^ mih veh le.
Inextricable, fj^^jM. 'Ivu veh t'eh.
Infallible, ^f^M veh nung t's6.
Infamous, (reputation) r^^^t'sieu'
ming sang.
Infant, iJ^Q 'siau 'no, (girl) >J>;^
1^
'siau *nu 'now.
Infantry, jp-^hu' ping.
Infatuated, f5^ fah mi.
Infected, (otliers) V^;iSiJA tsc
'zo tsz bih niun or f^^ dzdft 'zdn
etc.
Infectious, (diseases -spreading) -f^^
J^ fr wun yoh lieu yung.
Inferior, 1*"^* '/mi 'tung.
Infest, (and disturb) -US sau 'zau.
Infinite, (induration) ^Vn^fM v"
'sz vutsung, (in extent) ^^^^^
vu pie?i vu ow'.

INO
Inflamed, ^|ife fah nyih.
Inflexible, M^l^^k ku= t^eli veh
'ko.
Inflict, (punishment) ;&n5flj-|5 ka
yung vah.
Influence, ^@ sz' mali, |i|{5 S^on
'pins, (as a verb) jif^'fu 'kewhwo',
JiH5 'kew 'dung.
Inform, ^ |^> kau' su', IH FM wo (leu,
#^^P pan' tsz, ^B^ 'tsz zz', ( a
superior) -^^^ kau' 'ping, (
ferior) ^ffc 'hiau yti'.
Infuse, (tea) '/iS^ P'au' dz6.
Ingenious, S^ ling 'k'iau.
an in-
Ingratitude, hf^M-^^ vong un vii'
ni".
Inhabitants, ^^ kw ming, ^il!iA
'pun di' niun.
Inhale, PTJ li'ili.
Inheritance, f$T^f@.^^ dzew
'au 16 ku* ka nyih.
Inhuman, [Xj h'iuug, ^^ dzaw hau'.
Iniquity, Pg 'dzue oh, ^S^fS
^OS "^'sh kiing bing kiv zz' 't'i.
Injure, fg^ song 7/e', ^ dzaw M',
Injurious, ifll^
Ink, ^ muh.
li' Ae'.
Inlay, (with gold border) ^'M siang
kiun.
Inn, ^J^k'ah'niiS ^j
k'ah tie;?'.
Inner, ^ nc=, JJIp] 'lih'iang', 3 'li
deu, M 'li mie^i'.
Innocent, HjSfp m 'dziie.
Innumerable, P,^/J^4>C @ m meh su'
mah, ^'f*^ ,^
maw'.
Inoculate, @^* tsung' deu'.
t'siew t'siew mar/
Inopportune, (just now) jltSll^fiS .
56
INS
't'sz k'uh veh bie?/
Inquest, %^ \ nie;^' t'sah sz
Inquire, ij%% 'tang t'ing,
'fong mun'.
Insane, 2^^ fung tiew, ^ tie;?
gwong.
Inscription, (on stones)^35C P "^'^^"r
(on tablets) |M^ 'pie?? nguh. (on
arches) f^l ba 'pie??.
Inscrutable, |lijj^:^ii| t'suhdokveh
t'seh.
Insect, Ji! dzung.
Insensible, ^^H^^
koh.
veh hz veb
Inseparable, ^^ifl fun veli^^e.
Insert, fr^ t'sah, (as in embroidery) iQ
t'sah hw6.
Inside, ^Ir] 'lih'iang,, j^ 'li piew.
Insignificant, :^^M veh yau 'kiun,
^W veil
I siang ku.
Insipid, ijj^pjf da;r boh.
"
Insist, (on my going) '/^^^^ ih
ding' yau' 'ngu k'i'.
Insolvent, (of a shop) S'ilP^ yau'
kwa;^ mun, ^W\^ veh k'e 'tsi, :^
ffiTfiftM veh nung tt'a^j tsang'.
Inspect, S^ ka t'sah.
Inspiration, (in theology) ^7J^ muh
zz', (in breathin

INT
Instructor, ^ szfu', ^ kiaii' sz,
yC^ siew sanr^.
Instrument, ^^ k'i' gli, (household)
l^i'/C ka 'hu, ^ ka sang, (military)
-^ ping k'i'.
Insufferable, B^SfS ne' veh ku'
ku'.
Insult, ^ ling zoli, S^g. k'i vuS
f^tS
(i

IRR
sung', ^T^S 'tang veh kiV, gj
p'u' veil ku'.
InriBible, ^^^ k'o' veh Idew', ^
I^X* ^'6^ nung kie;i^
Invite, pf3 't'sing.
Inundate, 7KJ?| 'sz yiew, VE ^^Wi
la' .
Invoice, M-^ hu' ta.n.
Invoke, P^Ml ^^^ J'^^^-
Involve, (in consequences) j^ ff%
le', fff ta' 16'.
lien
Invulnerable, \%^^ song veil \^
zah,
^Ifb veh nung song.
Irksome, J^j^ va?i 'zau.
Iron, li t'ih, (bars) f^ t'ih diau,
(wire) J t'ih sz, (pig) ^ sang t'ih.
Irrational, (creation) Pii^Bttfi
mme\x hng sing-' ku', ^tb#|^
g^ veh nung hie' 'zz fi, MM^
^f@ yii
'li "^'eh Aeh ku'.
Irreconcilable, (enmity) ^S^5C
j^tpi veil gung' to' t'ie;? tsz dzeu,
^"t^WTlI "^'eh nung siang 7m.
Irrecoverable, UU^ff tre veh 'tsew.
Irregular, ^ft^jg^S veh i kw6 'ku,
^ low', (irregular actions) SStS
;J vong* tsii* vong' icq.
Irreligious, ^S5C veh \v6' t'ie;^, ^
J^f^ veh gie;; zung.
Irremediable, P|Sfi w fah, f;| wi baw'.
Irremissible, ^^^i^k 't^^ue veh 'k'6
so'.
Irreparable, |fi^^ 'pu veh le, J^
lSl:^f| 'wa 6 6 veh 'ts6;^, l^fg
i%,'jCt veh nung voli nio^z.
Irresistible, JfiJE^iS 'ti 'tong veh
ku', %.^i
(lih veh dziV.
58
JAR
Irrevocable, WIS ffi ffl >^|i5i
ih y'lm ki' t'seh sz' 'mo na tsue, "a
ffi'Iffifr :yie
t'seh vi yung.
Irritate, (him) S^'Pffi^ 'z^i i 'dung
k'i'
Is, (absolute existence) ^ 'yeu, (is
it so?) :::^^'zzvehzz',(ishere)
Wi JijItM leh 'la 't'sz di', (it is so)
Isinglass, (in 'vvhite squares) ^7C;5?^
bah da' t'sc', (in strips)
da' t'sc' sz.
Island, f$ % 'he 'tau.
Insolated, JjJ. ku, 5 "f@ taw ih kii'.
Isosceles, (triangle) ^)Sir.^Jp
'timg piew saw koh yung.
Issue, (result) J5[,|| yau' nie', H
"(^ kwaw i', (to issue a warrant)
ffi % t'seh p'iau', (ticket^ |f )t^ fah
ba, 155 fah taw.
It, # i, S:f@#jV ku' ku' meh zz'.
Itch, ^ 'yang.
Itinerary, Itl nyih ki'.
i
Itself, # g ^ zz' ka.
Ivory, ^3" ziang' nga.
J acket, ^^ saw, (cotton cloth) ^ pu'
saw.
Jade-stone, ^ nioh, (ornaments) 3
^ggf nioh ki'.
Jail, ^^ kaw lau.
Jailer, :2pg^^ lau deu kiun' 'tsz-
Jam, fg'^ dong 'ku.
Jar, jf^ bing, ^ bang, (large water

JUC
'^
jar) TJV'tta 'sz kpng, i
'-^iz l^Png, ^ ung'.
Jasmine, :^v^4l2
^^^^ ^^' ^^"^^'^*
Jatiiidice, Jff^ tcong ta'.
Jawbone, *:M^ kah kweh, "^ nga
kweh.
Jay, -g-t,| 'li'i t'siah.
Jealous, M^ zih tu', j tii' gi".
Jeans, y'^-^ ball siih pu'.
Jelly, (of beans) 2 SV
eu- vi?.
Jest, fS^ffi ttu' beh siang', ^.^
fSiftliJ 'za siau' ku' sell tvb', Jtf
'hau siaii' ku' sen tvo'.
Jewels, ^5" 'pau zuli, ^I^AK
tsuu tsii pah 'pau.
Jeweller, (working) -ft T. nioh kung.
Join, ^^jS tsili Vien, ^9 siaugliew, (in
battle) ^^ kiau fung.
Joiner, 71^ H^ moli dziang'.
Journal, H l nyih l^i'.
Journey, (go a long) W'^fSiSP^
t'seh ill ku' ^j'ou mun.
Joy, ^^151 'h'i lob, j^fS k'a' Nveli.
Joyful, 'Kffi k'a' weh, fj; kwe
'h'i, (glad and sorrowful by turns)
^|^T0 u3 y^^ l^^i siang kiew'.
Jubilee, jpg-^ h'i niew.
Judge, ^J g yung kwc;?, (for a province)
S^3 on t'sah sz, or ^
i-f.
fgr uyih do.
Judge, (to) ^^j 'sun p'e^^S ^ 'sun
tow', p'e' tuM', pi] 'sun mun', (de-
cide) ^/^ 'ni ding', j^ ding'
o/i', (speak of other's faults) pp^'J
J\-^y^ ivd' bih niun dzang 'to.
Judicious, $0>jj si' sing, nfefe '^i^^^i
J^g, iZ 7K' All, feii^M l

KIT
(put away to keep safe) mff ^^^^
'hau.
Kernel, fH niim.
Kerseymere, >J"0^ 'siau ni.
Kettle, (copper) 1^'^ dung Au, (for
boiling water) 7jC 'sz ha.
Key, liig^yuhzz.
Kick, l^ fill.
Kid, lll^a^ saw yang kau, >J> 'siau
saw yang.
Kidnap, ^ 'kwa.
Kidney, ^ zun'.
Kill, ^ sail, ^7 'tang sali, (an ani-
mal) ^4* ^ 'tse tsung sang, (one's
self) ^Q zz' sah zz'.
Kiln,
Kind,
^ yau.
^g le', ^ 'tung, (every) #fii
^1^^ koh suh koh yang', (tliis kind
of thing) H'^f^^tl di' tsong zz'
't'i.
Kind, (in disposition) 'MM^.I'^ ^^^^
pe tS5! sing, (be kind to) ^f$
k'wew de', f^AJJR do' niun Aeu<
zeh,
Kindness, il'S nnwc', f^ untuli, -ft
un 'tiew.
Kindle, (a fire) ^>X sang 'liu.
Kindred, ^^ t'sing kiow', j^^ t'sing
t'sih.
King, 3E w^ong, H :E koli w^ong, "^
koh kiiin.
Kingdom, S koh, kwoh.
Kingfisher, ^^ t'sue' t'siah, (fea- i
tilers) 2^^ t'sue' man.
Kiss,il!S|f.,ing'ts.,Mn/Ilit6^
'k'eu sz '11.
Kitchen, 0;gdznvong, Rgdzuvong
kan. I
00
lacquer)
'
scooiO
LAD
Kite, C:S^ yau 'tsz, (ily a kite) JK
foiig' yau 'tsz.
Knave, ^^^ 'kwa 'tsz,
kwun.
5EI1I kwoug
Knee, BJIsH sih mew deu.
Kneel, ^ gu'.
Knife, JJ tau, (one large) 'iZJ^JJ
ih 'p6 du' tau.
Knock, ff 'tang, ^P^ k'au iuuip
(knock the head) iS^BM ^'eli deu.
Knot, ^S kih, -J kih 'tsz, (tie a) ff
'tang kih.
Know, (be aware of) Hft?^ 'hiau tub,
(understand) |^ 'tung, 0I3^ ming
bah, (be acquainted Avith) |^ suh,
pM^^ niung' tub.
Knowledge, ^f^ Aoh vun', ^D| tsz
suh, ^ kiew' suh.
Jjabel, ^"M. t'siew deu, (of books)
W^ sii t'siew.
Laboriously, ^^ giun lau.
Labour, ^g lau 'k'u, X^ kung
fu.
Labourer, ICyv kung [niun, (common
labourer) ih^ 'siau kung, (agricul-
tural) fM p3 yv tsiing' diew niun.
Lacking, ^^ k'ioh 'sau.
Lacquered ware, ^^ t'sih k'i', (to
JL^ zong' t'sih.
Lad,, >J>^ 'siau kun, ^^^^ '//eu
sang ka.
Ladder, |f|1$ 7m t'i, Jfe vu t'i.
I-adle, ^L^^ tseh zah, (cocoa-nut
ftfjfli //n biau.

Lade, (water) l^7K 'j'au 's2.
01
LAN LEA
Lady, (young) ^jSf^ ku niang, >J>ffl
'siau 'tsia, (old) ^fc^fc t'a' t'lV, (mar-
ried) ^^^ niang niang.
lag, M&^M lob 'I-aV/eu deii, jg
IS^B? t'e soil veil zie.
Lake, f^ hn.'
Lamb, f^^^ kau yang, >J>|^$ 'siau
mie yang.
Lame, (broken leg) 3^|i|l zeli kiiili.
Lament, fs^ po e.
Lamentable, TJ^q 'k'6 sili, RT^R 'k'6
lie??.
Lamp, tung, (light) ijS 'tie72 tung,
(bloxj^ out) PJCS^ t'sz fell tung,
(wicks) ] tung 't'sau, >iJ tung
sing.
Lampblack, l^jj^ tcu y\en.
Lance, -^fE dzang t'siang.
Land, Jife dr, ffl die//, ft^ di' bi,
(fat land) JE vi di', (poor) ^ sen'
di',
lAnd, (to) Jl;^ zong' o?/', (landing
"board) Wi WL t'iau' 'paw.
Landing-place, ,^ BM 'i^^o deu, (of a
bridge) \^ giau deu.
Land-holder, H i diew 'tsu.
Landlord, J^]^ von g tung, [^^tung
ku. ]S^ t'e>' ka, ^^ vong 'tsii.
Land-tax, ^fj ^ie liang', ^ fiV.
Lane, ^3^ lung'.
Language, fj it-o', "h pp yie 'nu, |^
pj bah wo', (of the natives) ^Jl^
IS 'pun di' ?r6', jt 't'u w6', 't'u
btdi.
Languid, ^\% vali gio;/',
Lantern, g|| tung Vmg, (g'?ss) ^
3^ pu li tung.
Lard, JS{^ tsz yeu.
Large, ^'^ du', da'.
Lark, 5fS pah ling.
Last, ^T^lij meh meh kiah, (the
last of the goods) JCig^ 'k'i 'ti
hu', (to last long) ^"^f dzuu lieu,
(shoemaker's) ftffllH "^-^ sah deu,
(stretching barrier.)
Late, H^Ji^ a/e' 'la 'tsc' jf dzzc
(at night) ?S^ ya' sun.
lately, jSlJ^ 'gi^^n l*^-
Lath, /fC Jtp moh p'iew'
Lathe, ]I^>m^ ziew zong.
Latitude, |$;g w6 diV, ^tgffiffi
poh giuh
t'seh di'.
Lattice-work, 'Rj'fTf^ law kuw, kali.
Laugh, ^ siau'.
Laughable, if^ 'hau siau'.
Lavish, 7^11 ^^ long' fi' m du'.
Laurel, ^i^ kwe h\Y6.
I-aw, # fi lih fah, (go to) tS^^M
'tang kwon sz.
Law-suit, (written plea) tPJ"? zong
'tsz, (implead) ^ kau' zong'.
Lay, (down) j|iT3^ fong' 'au 16.
Lay, (up in granaries) ^MM'il
sen tau' t'song 'li.
Lay, (a wager with you) f^fM^0B
tail nung' siang 'tu.
Layer,
"
*/^ ih zung.
I-azy, fir S'lS'lf t'eu on 'law du'.
Lead, ^fi" k'aw, M huh k'aw, (red) $
^ /mng taw, ^ k'aw taw, (white
lead) /^ k'a fun.
Lead, (to^ % 'ling, | 'yun 'ling, ^

LET
Xeaf, ^ yili, (of a book) J^ p'iew,
5 tsang.
leak, I^iUAl leu' t'eh.
Xean, ^ seu', (upon) ftfu k'au'
t'oh.
leap, l^t t'iau'.
Xearn, ^ hoh.
Xeamed, tfl p6h yah.
Xease, (a house for five ye^rs) ^j^
-f4^^IS 'tie vong 'tsz 'ng
men we //an'.
Xeast, T^^h t'ing 'siau.
Xeather, Jijjfjzohbi, (calf) ^ zoh
(52
iiieu hi.
Xeave, MM H l>ili, M li k'e= (a
thing behind) @f^^ lieu dzu'
meh zz'
(leave here as a security)
JTJilltJfi ah 'la't'szdi'.
Xeaven, H| kau', BM ka^'' fleu.
Xeft, (liand) S,^ 'tsu 'seu.
Xeg, ij kah, K 't'e.
Xeisure, (have) W3jl 'yen k'ung',
{^ k'ung' 7?a;;..
Xeisurely, 'fS^lS'lb ^i^^^^' i^^^"' nung.
Xend, 1g tsia'.
Xentils, ^ IL 'pie deu'.
Xeopard, f^ pan'.
leprosy, ^Sj!^ mo fung bing', ^
la' bing'.
Xess, |E>J> kung 'siau.
Xessen, J^ ^ 'ka 'sau.
Xesson, ^^kungk'u',
Xest, ?Stfi 'k'ung p'o', '^ffi dzang
p'oS 155 'k'ung bong.
let, Ji^bingi, 1^0^ yeui, ft
niung bing i, (let go) JJSt fong'
t'eh, (let a house) Jl M"? tHffi
LTG
ta vong 'tsz t'seh tsu.
Xetter iJ^BI zz' deu, ^# zz'
(epistle) fe sing', ^'f^' sit sing'.
Xettuce, 4^ sang t'se'.
'mii,
Xevel, ^ bing, (water level) 7jC sz'
bing.
Xiver, ^ kun.
Xiberal, ^^:/vm k'wew /mng dii
liang', Jf.^ hen' zeh, i/c:fr da'
fong.
Xiberate, ^^Jfe suh fong'.
Xibrary, "^^ su vong, ^/^ su
k'u'.
Xicense, (certificate) ftBH tseh tsau',
(give license to passions) jJxMt^L
'0i fons' tsung' sz yoh.
Xichees, ^ft li' tsz, (dried) $^ li'
ku.
Xick, fS 't'iew.
Xictors, ^^ zau' di'.
Xid, ^k6'.
Xie, (down) jggH 'yie ngu', 'Uj'T'
^ 'tau 'Aau le-
Xie, ^^ siih hwong, SSE '''ong
tsung', Ss* vong' yie.
Life, *I1j^^ sing' ming', (present life)
'^^ kiun sung, (future) 3^^ le
sung, or -^ jE V^eu sz', (life time)
'
*^" 'IS! ih sang ih sz'.
Xift, ^ 'kil, (pick up from ground)
f^ zih, (the eyes) 'jJfl @ 'niang moh,
(with the hands) J^ de, (the anchor)
SIS 'k'i or (bah) mau, (lift from
ground) ^ giung.
Xight, 7^ kwong, 9^ liang' kwong,
(not heavy) ^Je k'iung, (in punish-
ing) ^ k'wt'.

LTN
Light, (a lamp) SJS 'tien tung, (a
fire) ^>Jt sang'lm.
lighter, (a) l^jIS P^^i ^ew.
lightly, fSIIfS k'iung k'iungku''
(look upon) ^ k'o' k'imig.
Xightning, ^ diew', p^ sew die?*', fiM
[li^lioh'h'ie.
Like, ft I^I siang dung, fj[3f|| siang
zz', 1^ siang ziang', 0!) 'tau yiang,
ftf 'liau ziangS 50 iRj zu dung,
(like him) l^ip-^W.
fell i ih
yang', 'In fl^fJc "^ Aah tuh 'ngu
ih yang'.
Like, (to) f^M tsung' i', g
hwe^, (not like) ^f. Ii'ien.
h'i
Likeness, f^ ziang,' >J>55 '^^^^^ tsau',
f^ du ziang', (take a likeness)
j^jplji dze zun, Mff^ tsau' ziang'.
Likewise, (and further) ^tB. ^Jng'
't'sia, (did likewise) KStbfflt '^
zeh k6' nuns tsu'.
Lilac, ^jM
^^^^ 15^'*'
Lily, (seeds, lotus do.) jS"? ^^^'^
'tsz.
Limbs, (four) ^^ sz' tsz.
Lime, 5 J^C sah Invc, (kiln) ^ hwe
yau.
Limit, 3C^ kiau ka', J^ ka' Aa'.
Limit, (to) P^/^ //a;' ding'.
Line, (string) ,^fc sie', (on paper) ^
?rah or sie;r.
Linen, fiTtJ mo pu', (grass cloth) '^
koh pu', tM si' mo pu'.
Linger, ^liS tleu' lieu, ^^ 'kieu
lieu.
Linguist, jiffi.^ t'ung zz'.
^Lining, |p^ kali 'li..
63
LOA
Link, ft 58 siang lie, (link one's self
with others for bad purposes) ^
^MAMMW- keu t'scM' bih niun
tsu' oh zz'.
Linseed, rQ ft "^^
Lintel, r^rM ^lun mo.
Lion, S-? sz'tsz.
'
hn mo tsz.
I 'tsz zun, (harelipped) P^
k'ioh'tsz.
Liquid substances, fMMM'i^W- lieu
dung' ku' meh zz'.
Liquorice, ^ k6;e 't'sau.
List, @ ^1^ moh 16h, Vr ^ t'sing taM,
( of person ) JVPu* niun ting
t'sah.
Listen, ^ t'ing.
Literal, (meaning) ^MJuMMH-
zz' mie' long' kil' i' sz'.
Literary, (attainments) ^f^ hob.
vun', (examinations) ^^ 'k'au sz',
(chief provincial superintendent of)
hoh. de.
"
Little, >]> 'siau, |p| si' 'siau, (to a
'siau, i^
small extent) tS"@ 'sau %e, (know
a little of) M^ 'P'^ 'hiau, (a little
time) JxM P'iew' k'uk.
Live, ^ sung, fg w;eh, j ?
du'
nyih 'tsz, (on hills) '(ifi [i] Jl dzi'i'
'la saw long'.
Livelihood, (work for) W^fS'^^tM
tsu' sang tt'eh k'iuh va?^'.
Lively, fglfS'ifS we\i p'eh p'eh.
Liver, JT kw?.
Living, fSf@ w?eh ku'.
Load, ^'T' taw 'tsz, taw.
Load, (to) $|(it tsong tsc'.
Loadstone, $||5" t^^.z za.h, PJIIlS"

LOO
h'ih t'ih zah.
Loaf, SBM n^en den.
Loan, fSfifSlBS tsia' 'la kiV dung
die.
Loathe, J^;^ yietv ivxx', Pj^^^ff
ngau
veil tuh.
Loathesome, PJ ^ 'k'6 wu'.
Local, (deities) i Jfi 't'u di'.
Lock, ^ 'sii.
Lock, (a door) ^jg 'su mun.
Locust, Hl^^ tvowg dzung.
I-odge, 15 'iiu, % soh, fi dzu'.
Lodging, (house) ^*^ k'ah 'nu.
I'Ofty, 1^ kau.
Logarithms, IH^ te' sii'.
Loins, 1^ yau. i
Long, ^ dzang, (in time) y\ dzang
'kieu, ^ liang 'kieu, (long ells) p^
H pill 'ki.
Long after, (to) ^^ e' rau'.
Longevity, ^ zeu', ;^ dzang zeu'.
Longitude, (degrees of) ^j|^ kimig
du', (lines of) $^ kiung sie'.
Longitudinally, (and transversely)
m'~'S ih W'-ang ih zu'.
- '
Look, 5 k'dS |g kwe k'o;^',
(through a hole or tube) |fl| k'we
k'o;?', |j?gj!; su su k'o', g| mongS
Looking-glass, jSjH mie' kiung', 3^
"
>% \)\i li kiung*.
Loom, ^i1j^ tsuh piV ki.
Loop, 8 'nieu, P 'nieu 'k'eu.
Loose, (to) Ji^ fong' sung, (let go)
KM fong' t'eh, (loose earth)
, sv'mg 't'u.
Loosen, %^^% 'ka k'e, (a knot) ^
^i' ^ka kih.
04
LOT
Loquat, iJt^^G, bi bo, (white) gj bah
bih bo.
JiOrd, ^ 'tsu, (of Heaven) 5^;t'ie
'tsu, (Lord's day) jE H 'tsu nyih.
Lose, :^K eh t'eh, '^ lok t'eh, (it m
lost) ^^^ veh kie' 'tse, H song'
t'eh. ( and win) S^^ su yung.
Loss, (sustain) P^;!? k'iuh 'kii, (of
100 teals) M'-^'S^ ^^'we ill pah
'liang, (of capital) 1^7^ zeh 'pun.
I-ost, ^HJifH eh t'eh 'la kir,
(sheep) tl^ vong yang, ^ sell
song' 'la ku', (in earth's prison) {/U
SiiiiSiS ^^iin lun 'la di' nioh
'11.
Lot, (destiny) ^jS ming" yi>u', ^
t'sie, H kieu, (cast lots) ^J 'tang
t'siew, JO nie kieu, pf p tsew poh,
(take bamboo slip from a cylinder by
lot) Wt^^M^ t>ah zah ih kii'
t'siew.
Lotus, fPJ^i^ Au hw6, 3^
liew liw6.
Loud, glSiC sang k'i' du', #3t:
'h'iang hang'.
Love, (to) ^ e', \^ e' sih, 1 t'sing
e', l^felt nioh mo, (mutually) /f3
siang e', (and respect) ^X kiung' 6',
(ati'ection) '|"jy e' dzing, xH zun e'.
Lovely, IJ^ 'k'6 e'.
Louse, ^\t seh.
Low, j^ ti, (in rank) -^j^^ pe dzie',
(in character) p|>|){3 'pi leu', T*SE
'Aau lieu, *T^^ 'Aau 'tung, (in sta-
ture) MM.^ "" ^iang' 'to^',
(lowest) IHilt 'ting ti vi.
I-owly, K^ k'ie;^ pe.
Loyal, ^,5^ zing' t&ung, iS)L? tsung

MAC
Lucid, 01JK ming Hang', f^S t'sing
'
t'su.
Luck, tBtu 'zau Invo-, (meet witli)
3^ o vung kill, (seek luck and avoid
misfortune) S'rJSKJ t'sukihlu'
h'iung.
Luckily, *\^ii- hali 'liau.
"
Lucky, (day) H kill nyih, J(J hau
nyih, (opportunity) ijM'^ 'l^au
'ki we'.
Lucraban, (seed) ycS'J'i /iV fung
'tsz.
Ludicrous, Pj^ 'k'o siau', iff 'liau
'^a.
siau=, ^>A niun siau*.
Luggage, fi^ Aang 11.
Lukewarm, ^^-^^^^ V^'i' 'langpew'
nyilif
Lumbago, H^'WM yau I^weli t'ung'.
Luminous, ^3^10 fall kwong ku',
P3S: niing liang'.
Lump, ^ k'we', (count them in the
lump) ^^.^ 'tsung su'.
Lunatic,
niun.
m^fSA- f'''"g t'iew ku'
Lunch, S>& 'tie;? sing.
Lungs, IJljj fiS (disease of) ^fi' bing'.
Lung-ngan, (seeds) SEl ^^^'

MAN
Maintain, ^fi 'seu dzii', ^kxi^'seu,
m^f ku' 'sen, (support) ^fS
'yang weh.
Major, nJpfS 'seu 1)6 ^
Maize, i^ J^:^t tsun tsu 'mi.
Make, fSt tsu', 5a 'zau, M t'song
'zau, ^ tsz' 'zau.
Maker, THTui 'zau hwo' 'tsu.
Malady, ^^ bing' tsung'.
Male, (^sex) :^ n6w, ( gender ) 2^
yiiing, ^ kung.
Malediction, 5E.lH.fiSiXIS tseu' 'tsu
ku' sell (/-6'.
Malevolent, ^iW ^^^^^ sing.
Malleable, (iron) '^MM zok t'ih.
Mallet, (iron) gtH t'ih dzue.
Man, _A niun.
Manage, |)| Vf| ba' zz' 't'i.
Mandarin, ^* j^f kAvc^? 'fu.
Manger, >^t 'mo zau.
Mangrove, (bark) l^jfe 'k'au bi, (used
in dying sails brown).
Manifest, SB^ ffi^ 'h'iew ming t'seh
le, ^H^ 'piau ming, (of a vessel)
:j|&^^
zc ta;i 'tsz.
Manifold, iPM# 'liau 'ki yang', |t
j|5c tsu 1)6??.
Mankind, '[S^JlA sz' kiV long'
niun.
Manner, ^^|^ mu yang', ^ yang'
suh.
Manner, Hfl 'li'fi,|S 'li man', (of
a people) SfS ^^ng z6h.
Mansion, (of stars) ~i /^'fS
pall sieu'.
Mantle, $I^ ngn' t'au'.
^"^ ^^^
Mantis, (praying) J^lllj^ dong long.
G6
MAR
Manual, (labour) ^Jl 'seu kung.
Manufactory, 31^ kung gioh.
Manufactures, AXf&tti^f@V
niun kung tsu' t'seh le ku' meh z2.
Manure, ^ fun', (to) f^ kiau fun',
(manure cakes) J/L^ k'ang so.
Manuscript, ^^'^ t'sau 'pun, S'^
u8^ t'sau 'sia ku' su, ^ dung
'sia ku' su.
Many, ^ tii, p^ 'h'u tu.
Many, (coloured) 3115/ nS '^ i^gaw
16k suh.
Map, Ji|SIldi"lidu.
Maple-tree, fitS f'ing zu'.
Marble, i^j^^ how' bah nioh, ^
/Q" yu zah, /f^/ph\v6 za^ijp'iew'.
March, jnl^ifT^'S' saw kiiin yung lu'.
Margin, j piew, (of a river) ^ 6w',
(of the sea) '}'B t'aw, (of ^ book) ^
5cffl su t'iew deu.
Mariner, tJC^ 'sz 'seu, jlSJt^tt
zdn long' 'liu ki'.
Mariner's compass, fp f^^T
tsun.
'^sz new
Maritime, (customs office) ^-1 'he
k\va'.
Mark, ^^ zz' Aau', pf ki' Aau', 5,S
"J" 'mo 'tsz, 7iau' 'mo, (in writing)^
ah, ^ J hwo ah, (foot marks) JiJ
K^ kiak tsih, (marks of a wound)
ffiS song /urn'.
'
-^*' *i* Dili
Mark, (to) @-^^ wah zz' Aau', (a
book) ^H s 'tie su.
Market, ftl 'zz, (at) #Jlffg| ka'zz
deu long', (state of) ^^ tong sz'.
Marriage, ^^0 hwun yun, ^^t'su'
t'si, 1 t;su' t'sing ^ p'a t'sing

MAT
^tSS? t'su' du' niang 'tsz, ta kill
t'sing, (of the woman) ffili t'seh
ka', iiP^ku'mim.
Marrow, *Q"tl
kweli sili.
Mars, ^Xh 'h^ sii^S. '-^^ ^^""^
Mart, i^M Tju'deu, ,^ 'mo deu.
Martial, iR^ 'vu.
Martyr. j^JS^^flaA
^6' 'dau
'so ming' ku' niun, (or) ^w ^'o'
67
'dan tsz' ming' ku' niun.
Marvellous, ^^ gi kwa', ^^"&
g h'i gi 'ku kwa'.
Masculine, ^jl yung, ^ kiing.
Mason, '}lb7KlS ni 'sz dziang', (stone
masolj) 5^ zah dz^ang'.
Mass, (lump) Bj do, ("say mass")
fgtSiJ^tsii'misah.
Massicot, ^:fj* ^og ^^''
Massive, S^;/C 'dzung du'.
Mast, tE ^/tzz'16'hu.
Match-lock, ,^:|^ 'niau t'siang.
Material, (heavens and earth) W?i^
^ His 5C life 'yew ywng 'yen ziang'
ku" t'ie^? di'.
MEN
Materials, >M**^ dze liau*, fp liaut
tsoh.
Matter, ^ff zz' 't'i, (properties of
matter) ^Sft^Tpi'I^kohyang
meh zz' 'pun sing'.
Mattress, l^-J* nioh 'tsz.
May, pTJH 'k'6 'i, fg^ nung 'i, M
nung keu'.
Meal, ^W mie' fun, (a meal)
iSIlR ill tw"S' vaw'.
* *
Mean, (vile) g|5H 'pi leu', ^JJ p6
dziew', (mean number)
kiiin yun su' mah'.
JQ^SfcB
Moaning, W*S^ i' sz', ^^ 'ka seh.
Measles, 5l^-J* 'tsun 'tsz.
Measure, (in feet and inches) m. m /\.
"5J* liang liang t'siih t'sun', (in pints
and pecks) yf^r liang liang tu 'sau
sung 'teu.
Meat, 1^ nioh.
Mechanic, ILE kung dziang', EA
"^^ dziang' niun sz via'.
Meddle, ^ffiVfl sang t'seh zz' 't'i,
Mediator, ff* {^^ tsung 'pau.
Medicine, ^ yah.
Meet, jS^ nil' zah, JM bang' zah,
'^ wc' zah, (meeting with misfor_
tune) f^^.^'^Bif ling
'k'u 'nau.
Melancholy, ^pl^ k'i' mun'.
zak tsz
Melon, JE. kwo, (seeds) -f" kwo 'tsz.
Melt, i^iii yung hwo', ^ hwo' k'cj
):i^3^yangk'616.
Members, (of the body) IH^'SfS.
hz'- tsz puh 't'i.
Memory, |g,tt ki' sing'.
Mend, ^f^ sou tsuli. sieu pu

'
asien'li.
MIL
Mercha'^*' ffi:^;E A- tsu' sangi' iiiiin'
^M ^' ^^^ ^oiig) (tea mercliant) ^
^ dzo k'sih.
Merciful,

MIX
Minutely, p-j-ippi ^^if^ug si'.
Miracle, # pj^ljf Li gi zz' 'ti
m
Ji{^ ling tsih, ^ sung' tsih, jlf zun
tsilK g^i'tsih,g4i*^t|i'yang'
zz' 't'i.
Mire, t[M i^i-
Mirror, 0J3|g ming kiung', ^ kiimg'
Hsz, (of glass) Sc^gj pii 11 kiung',
5J^ dung kiung'.
Mirth, ^|?|'li'i loll.
Misantliropist, tR A(I3 /'i"ig' i"^"^ ^^^'^'
Misappeliend, SM 'siang t'so.
Miscalculate, ^M suw' t'so.
Miscellaneous, ^^ ling ling
ku'.
so' so'
Mischanbe, ^i'l'fti veli 'zau 1^^Y6^
Mischief, (do) \%'-^%^^ song /^e'
meh zz'.
Misery, i^J
naw.
'k'u 'nan, Jill kie
Misfortune, ,\,|S ^^'a' iia^'.^-'g^ law
'k'u.
Miss, ^S^kuniang, (tomiss) |1^
^ bang' veil zah, :^^ veh kie'.
Misspend, |g^ long' fi', :Sffl vong'
yung'.
Mist, ^S yiin vu',
Mistake, i^p t'sir.
Mister, ;$b^ sie sang.
vu' lu'.
Mistress, i# 'tsu 'mu, Jfi "ia^S
niang, (highly respectful) :i^:lCt'a
t':V.
Mix, };f '^^i^^, Ji do', (with Avater)
mi

MOS
Monsters, (and demons) i^MaJ^^tt!
3'au mu 'kwe kwa\
Monstrous, -J2 8'^ kwa'.
Montli, ^ uioh, (first day of) ^-^
t'su ill, (end of) J^ i& nioli 'ti.
Monument, ^^ '/Mi p6.
Monumental, (g-ate\va,y) j^^^pdleu.
Moon, J^ itiuh, J^ ()xi niohliang', (the
stars and moon mix their light) ^
M fSS ig ni^'di k-iau hu'e.
Mope, i?ili Hang siug, (stan-
dard) ^j^ b'iew 'li, (give moralin-
l^'i^'^^"'
struction) WSlAJ^ "iun
Morally, (good and evil) ^^ 'ze
oh.
More, ^^ kiing' tu, (themorehehas
the more he wants) m$M9 y^^^
tu yoh yau', (more and more) ?5
yoh
fah tii.
Moreover, ^fl. 'hwon g 't^sia, yj^
/f^ tvau 'yen ih yang', *ffii 'a 'yen
ih yang'.
Morning, ^M^^ tsau zuu deu, Jl
^
13 zong' pe/i' nyih, (star) ^Hj}
^ 'k'i ming sing, I^M 'Idau sing
(every morning) ^ tsau tu.
Mortal, >2U^f!3 pill Jau' 'i ku'.
Mortar, (stone) ^{l3 zah gieu', (Hme
cement) 5-^ ^^^^ l^^^'*^*
Mortgage, J^ 'tiew. g^ tong'.
Mortification, (mental) tlf:'!^ ^'*'au
ziieS (physical) ^MS>(5 d

MY 11
MusliTOoms, ^& niu ku, li'iang
kiiin,
'urh.
f^C hMangsing', /fvS ^^^^
Music, Ifl yah, "gf yung yuh.
Mnsical, (stone) JJ^ k'iung, (boxes)
/V"q^E P^^i 3'w
^*ah.
Musician, ^SUH tseii' yu]i ku', P^
^
Musk,
t'sz 'sen.
^
z6' h'iaiig.
Musket, i^$S yaii? t'siaii!*-.
Muslin, i/n^j^flj ksi so pu',
Musquito, 1F.^-J* mun 'tsz.
Mussels, (dried) Jj{^^
dmr t'sts'.
Must, )^>; pihding', |S^- 'tsung
yauS j^ su yau', iy^^i^ 'sau veh
tuli, ^^f^ 'lnie^^ veil tiih, (must
certainly) |jl)l-yS 'siau k
"^^^
Pl

(placo) ^j% 'puM Iriaiig, |S 'pun
't'^'^
dzili, (productions) iS 't'sa.
Nativity, (of our Lord) ^^i^ tl
kieu' 'tsii sang nyih.
Natural, Q ^ zz' zcn, Ji^M ^'ie
sang ku'.
Nature, t'ie;? O/v zz=
Jilt g f^l^^li
zcw tsz 'li, (of medicines) ^'H yuh
sing', (of soils) jt 't'u si ngS (human
nature) Jvf niun sing'.
Naval, (officer) 7jC6ili 'sue sz, (com-
mander of fleet of armed boats) $tE
'^
'sue sz di toll.
Navel (cord) J^^ dzi ttV.
Navigator, ff:l5f0A /^ang
niun.
Nauseate, |5P@>& f^^^ '^'^u sing.
z6;i ku'
Near, yj 'giun, /fS siang 'giun, pfj vu'
'giuD, JlJl^tau' k'wii'.
Nearly, ^^ ^ t'so veli tu, (dead) 5E
'K^
'.si Iv'wa' 'tse.
Neat, iltflf t'sing sieu, ^f^i^MM
seu tsoli 'liau k'6;r.
Nebula, -g^^ singk'i'.
Necessary, /i^f5E peli tuli 'i, 4^1^
^^ P^'li t^li P^^' ^'^"
Necessaries, ^Jffif|ll^^^- su yung'
ku' meli ZZ'.
Necessity, V^^^BW^-'m 'i"ie veil
le kiV zz' 'L'i.
Neck, il*B* kiung kweh, ffl deu
kiuiig kweli.
Kecldace, IHS kiung g\\a>i, (necktie)
^t\\\l Miiigkiun.
Need, ftS, k'wh vali, |Jiffl k'ioli
yung', 5. vah yung', >i^^^J-^-jB
l)ih su yau' yung'.
Needle, ^|* tsun, 51^1^
'"'"^^^"S ^ic^^S
Needle-work, E"h/T;c3ltS^
sang -eli.
tsun slew'
Needless, ^'J i^ veh pih, ^^U veh
yau', fR^J^4 yung' veil zali.
Needy, ^'i giung 'k'u.
Neglect, I^^^M veil Isau' yung', ^
S;6 veil lieu sing, >^.. Inveli
liuli, %u'lx. k'iung ma'.
Negotiate, (for others) fi;AfiW'tl
de' niun h'An' Z2' (for peace) ^'^,
:/C^fUlif@I|Ptlongliang da'
ka /m niok ku' zz' 't'i, or p^^Q
'kong 7a'i.
Negotiator, ^ JV t^^'i^iig uiun.
Neighbour, fl^ ling s6', PgS kah
pih, [pl^|i|) dung h'iang. A
Neither, ^^^ zo)i veh 'zz, in the
(
east nor in the west) Jil^ikM'^
^jifE 'a veh 'h> tung 'a veh 'la si.
Neophyte, Sjl^ifS singtsing' kiau'
kiV.
Nephew, pfjS adzeh, (sisters son) 9\^
.
^j nga' sang.
Nerve, fifj kiun, flixj^C 'uau k'i'.
Nest, ^^^ ten ziau, (bird^) ^ 'niau
jru.
Net, M 'inong, (fishing) Jg.'^, tsoh
ng 'mong.
Never, |/i^^ W dzung 16 veh zung,
(never been done) ^^'^^M'^^^
li'iang' veh zung tsti', (can never be
obtained) ^^^Bbf# tsung veh
nung tub.
Neuter, ^Djc^jlfc veh 'p6 veh 't'sz,
(remains) M iH 5^S ^ /JE 'Hang
mie' fob veh voli.
New, ^^ sing, Hi* sig' ^i^-"-
News, i^fcl. sing sih, (ii] sing vun,i

i,
siaii sih.
NOI
Newspaper, S M|S sing
vim 'tsz.
Next, (time) T^ 'Aau t'sz', (of coming)
^3^ tso' 16, (next day) ^
t'sz- nyih, ^^ mlng tsaii, (next
year) l^^k'eniew.
Nice, ^HU: si' 'niciw, (to eat) i?ll
'liau k'iuh.
Niche, (for Buddua) ff, ffi
Niece, ^^ dzeh 'nil.
veh k'e;?.
Niggardly, :'! ling sih, MM k'uh
boli.
Nigh, jJt 'giun.
2Jiglit, ^ ya*, (midnight) ^ pew' yd',
(to-night) ^ kiun yd', (last night)
B"^ z6h ya'.
Nine, ;JL 'kieu, (times) ffi^ 'kieu
't'ong,* (ninefold) f ,'kieu be'.
Nineteen, "XA* ^e^i 'kleu.
Ninety, JLl
'kieu zeh.
Nippers, (of silver-smith) ^i"^ niung
giew.
Nipple, iMH 'na deu.
Nitre, $* si an.
No, (will not) ^1^ veh 'k'ung, (cannot)
^t^ veil nung, (no one) PH
R A m sa' niun, (of no use) P,!
fli& ffl m sa yiing', (no noise)
^^$ ih 'nga veh 'h'iang.
'
^8
Noble, (hereditary) Wffi'ffifS 'yeu
sz' tsiah ku'.
Nobility, (five ranks of) S-^fS^
^ kung 7ieu puh 'tsz ncn.
'3
nau'.
None,
NOW
^ m meli.
Nonsense, PiS#>Sfll:|Sm meh
i' sz' ku' seh^ao' |^'6^ hxi dii.
Noon, 4^J1# 'ng zz, JEnP tsung' 'wu.
i' Nor, neither, Jl^'KX^It veh
k'wa' i' veh man'.
North, :It p6h, ^t^^l pohpaw'baw,
j^ poll pie;?.
North-wind, ftS P^l^ ^"ng, (north-
west) "E ft si puh.
Nose, M-M ti^i cieu, (bridge of) ^
bih liang.
Nostril, jft.?L T^ih 'k'ung.
Not, ^ veh, (it is not) ^^ veh 'zz,
If fi, (do not come) ^S^ veh
yau'16, (not yet) ^'' veh zung,
:^^mi"li. ^
Note, IS, ki', if sing', (take a note)
lE "pS ki' ih ki',
Nothing, (produce from) ^4*^W
vu tsung sung 'yeu, (there is) PM
H^^y m sa' meh zz', (know no-
thing) :^Hiff lit
veh 'hiau tub
sa'.
'li Notice, a# we', g^ koh zah.
Notify, Ji^ll tung tsz, fg t'ung
pau'.
i' Notion, MM- sz'.
Nourish, ^fg 'yang weh, (a super-
Nod, (as a sign) Sli& 'tie deu,
t'sih dz6 'tsz su.
(through drowsiness) ^T5mMr tang Now, JSWt
k'eh t'sung'.
Noise, ^- 'h'iang, P^fQ 'fsaunau', |3
ku' h'ih, || nawku' h'ih,
g:ffi Men' dzcS H naw, 'g^
tong kiun, ji\i
'su kiun, @ -^ mob
*
T'ong means a sudden stopping. Hence it is used to mark the number of
times an action takes place.
ior)
t kung 'yang.
Novel, ihM 'iau soh, f^^ han su,
(of the seven men of genius) ^ ^i
^^

Id tin.
OAT
Noxious, (vapour) ^^ dok lii\
Null and void, ^f,^^^^ kwcT/uvu
'yen.
Number, |^ @ su' mail, (wliole) ^
gung= su', (science of) ^ su'
yah, J^ su?r' fah.
Number, (to) ff^ ki-' sv,n', f^ &un'
su', (difficult to) II i ]la;^ 'i sim'
S'J^S 3$ gi su' naw su'.
Numberless, P^ m su'.
Numbness, (of foot) BB kiah mo.
Numerous, ^ tu, 'ff^ tu hau'.
Nun, (Buddhist) J^i^ ni kii.
Nurse, ^g^g sun sun, (wetnurse) ^
'nti sun sun.
Nurse, (to a baby) fgiJ^H ban' 'siau
'now, (a sick person) jjg:^ v6h zz',
:^Vk su tsang.
Nut-galls, 3Ef^ 'ng be' 'tsz.
Nutmeg, Sg deu' k'eu', 3g|| ni& ngang' sing, gftS
^ ku' tseh 'ki kie??'.
Obedient, Jg zun', (filial) ^ hiau'zun',
(compliant) i^^ { dznng, 'S^'S
M. Piih i pull zun'.
Obeisance, (to perform) ^^ ga^ pd',
(knocking the head) MK k'eh deu'
(make a bow) f^g tsoh yih.
Obey, mi5 t'ing dzung.
Object, (ingoing) ^f@S>g k'i' ku'
i' S2', (objects truck) ^J^Jifg] ^
^ 'tang zdh 'hi ku' meh zz=.
Objection, (of another kind raised by
'zz i hien^ lun' ling' 'zz ih fan 'dau
Oblation, ^J|^
ku' meh zz', ^
m veh.
p* rung' h'iew.
Obligation, ;$:^ 'pn run', ^pfr^
ffii vun' 'su tong zen.
Oblige, (compel) gjg 'mie;? 'k'iang,
(do because obliged) ^MEjMM
veh tub 'i urh tsu', (do any thing for
a person) #AffiVfl
tsu' zz' 't'i.
Obliging, fa^;,uki'.
t'i' niun
Oblique, (inclined) $4 zia, ^ hwd zia'
(inclined plane) ffif mie^?', (not
correct) ^ JE veh tsung', (oblique
tones) jTvg tsuk sung.
Obliterate, ^^ du meh, UM sa
fell.
Oblong, -g^^ dzang fong.

occ
Obloquy, (endure) *^Af@5L>S '^e^i
niim ku' tseu' moS S>F#Bl]Af@
3{.p^
'pong.
'niiin ne' bih niun ku' 'Inve
Obscene, (books) '/^^* yim su, (conducF
ftSLfEil^tl yim lu' ku' zz' Ti.
Obscure, #O^^0JJ hwim m5' veil
ming, (dark heaven and black earth)
'^5clltt bwun V'len huh di',
(hard to understand) RftH^
'yun me' na 'h'iau.
Observatory, WlM^t. kwe ziang' de,
^ ling de.
Observe, }|jjfl; t'suh Hang. flS^* kwdn
k'on', (statutes) j^^ tsun 'seu,
(diligently observe) iM^ 'kiuw 'seu.
Obsolete, ^EjSM 'tsau'i fi' t'eh.
Obstacle, ^5|f@^^^H long nge'ku'
meh zz'.
Obstinate, ^Jffe wa bi, ^*JS 'au
giang.
Obstruct, }|i^ law zih, J law 'tong,
IS. Jh 'tsu 'tsz, (no obstruction) ^
?|R# vehnge'saS.RMRtH?! m
sa' kah ngc'.
Obtain, ^^ tub ziih, (my wish) ^
,g, tub i'.
Obtuse, ;^ bun', ;6!it nge bun'.
Obviate, (in order) ^^ 'mie tub,
J^ 'mie fob. ^;^ 'sang [tsz, etc.
Obvious, ^mm^&f^M^ veh
yung' bie' lau zz' zen 'hiau tub.
Occasion, ^^^ ki t-6S (seizihg the
convenient occasion) ^J^fltfSfO
zung tsz zz biew' ku' ki wt'.
Occasioned, (his death) Pij '^5E kiau'
i Vsi.
Occult, ^' '^ pi' raih.
/D
OFF
Occupation, ^]^|| zz' nyih, y^ 'pun
nyih.
Ocean, "ff^ yang, (western) W si yang.
Odd and even, ^1^ ki 'ngeu, (odd
number) S^W^ taw su', (strange) ^
^ gi kwiV.
Ode, p|f sz, (book of odes) ^wf^ ^z
kiung.
Odious, pT^ 'k'6 mu', f^ 'k'6 ng'.
Odoriferous, (wood) ^/iC h'iang mob'
(vapour) ^l[, h'iang k'i'.
Oesophagus, P^P|i /^eu lung.
Of, O ku', (the emperor of China) 4*.
S f@^^ tsung kok ku' trong ti'.
Offence, ^^ ku' seb, ^ t'so.
Offend, (him) ^^WP tub 'dzue i,
(against the law) JS'^f^f^ t.-e be'
lib fab, (against the law of heaven)
~fi^Jii^
ku va' t'iew diau'
(offender) ^yv 'dzue niun.
Offer, ^ sung', ^ Iriew', (tribute) j^
M, tsing' kimg'.
Offering, Hf^ 'li veh, (burnt offering)
'Jt#^ va tsi', (sin offering) 0p
^ zoli 'dzue tsi, l|jii^ zia' un tsi.
Ofi&ce, Ifii^ tsuh vun', (to be in office)
{&* tsu' kw6w, (foreign office) If,
a#BV^P^ 'tsung Mi koh
koh zz' vu' nga mun, (office of the
Tautai) tSJ^SP^ 'dau de nga
mun.
Officer, *gpjj^ kw6?^ 'fu, (prin-
ces and great officers) 3E>^CS
t^ong da' dzun, (civil and military
officers) SiSi'ff virti 'vu pub
kwe, (official style) ^^ kung
vun, (duties) ^^ kung zz*', (often-

ONL
ce) S-P kung 'clzue, (robes) ^
/]]< dzaii voli.
Ofl&cious, ^^ tu zz'.
Often, (comes) ^^ dzang 16, (sinned
often) M^JBP 'lu t'sz' 'va
'dzue.
Oil, J^ yen, (of cotton) /f,^ raie yeu,
(oil paint) J^^ yen t'sih, (oilpa-
per) f& yeu 'tsz, (bean oil) i. deu,
yeu, (anoint wi tb oil) ^ meh yeu
i$ f^' yeu, (wood oil) 4^|3 dung yeu
(vegetable) ^ t'se' yeu.
Ointment, ^|| kau yali, (fragrant)
^'^ li'iang kau.
Old,, ^ 'lau, (old man) ^A^ 'lau
niun ka.
Olive, (a small green drupe
called tbe
Chinese olive, canarinm) T^fll ka
law, (olive seeds) jll la niun.
Omen, ^J^IiH dzau' deu, (bad) 1)^1 ^^
h'iung dzau', (good) "^ kih dzau'.
Omit, (record of) ^^ seh tse'.
Omnipotent, ^>^/f|[b ^'^^ 'sii peh
uung, (Lord) ^tbiSi zie nung
kii' 'tsu.
Omnipresent, ^fJxyJ^^ vu 'su peh
dzc'.
Omniscient, (creator) llS^^^nfH
jHrTuBE "^'u 'su Invo' 'tsu.
-peh tsz ku' 'zau
On, ^j Ji leh 'lis( JoffO j|5 -t leh 'la
zcn long'.
Once, ^"^cK 'yeu ih t'sz', |hI ib w;6S
ff
ih 't'ong.
One, "f@ ih ku'.
Onion, ^11^ t'sung deu.
Only, jhW 'tsz 'yeu, ^f# tseh tub,
(only this one) |m||-^^' y;v
ta;?
76
orr
ta;2 di' ih kiV, 'in vi dob di-' ih ku',
^S pih ku' di' ku', (but) fB ^
da' 'zz, :; dob 'zz, (it is only
needful) ^'/g' tseh siau.
Only begotten son, IS^SE"?, dok
sang ni isz.
Onwards, ^"SJ-^ zau ziew k'i'.
Ooze-out, (in drops) flfjg
(through) f^ sib leu'.
tib leu'
Opaque, :^ig)Efi veb t'eu' kwong
ku'.
Open, 13 f@ k'e ku', (of woven fabrics)
M h'i.
(H)en, (to) ^ k'e, Jj 'tang k'6, (a
shop) ^/5 k'e tiew', IJ ^'e p'u',
(suddenly to open men's dark minds)
HM^S tung' k'e mau sub.
Opening, (away for tbe diffusion of doc-
trine) i3ft5tf@Pgg k'e dze
'dau ku' mun liV.
Oponly, a,^'h'ie;^zew ^^^M'^
ming tong 'h'iang liang', f"f3 ^
t'sing t'iew bah nyib.
^
Opiate, ft^ mo yah.
Opinion, ^^ i' kie', ^^ 'tsu
kiew', >. i' sz', (every one has bis op-
inion) ^W>^ kob 'yeu kob i'.
Opium, ^%]x '^ P'ie', S^ffl yang^iew,
(as a drug) i yang 't'u, (shop) f|*
yien p'u', | a p'iejz' 'kwcw.
Opponent, fJ-jfJ: te' dib, f% W deu,
(my) ffiiil^fSA'titong' 'ngu
kii' niun.
Opportunely, f^0 bah 'bau, $
yung' k'i'i, (vou have come opportun-
ni'mo;" 16 tsz tsung' 7ieb zab 'ngu ku'

0K1>
Opportunity, (taking the) ^i.^m
t'siins' tsz ki we', (do not lose) ^
^W.'& veil yaii' t'so kii' ki we'.
Oppose, Jfiljc 'ti dih, Jg 'ti tong', }g
jK gij' dzih, iX k'ong' gii', (oppose
the majesty of heaven) 3 5C -^ W
we' t'iew tsz ming'.
Opposite, ^^^ to' mie??', ff te' mun,
(mutually opposed) ^0 JX siang 'fa.
Opposition, T'0|I1* siang te', (in opposi-
tion to the sun) i^ t'sung zeh.
Oppress, ^/8 bau' niah.
Optics, (doctrine of light) 3^k\vong
yah, /doctrine of seeing) fj^ zz' yah^
Opulent, WS f^ng fiV, Jf. fu' Aeu',
Or, ^ w6h, ^^ w6h'ts6, ^:S
woh 'zz, (or if it be not so) ^f^
veil zej -^^^^ tso' veh zc;j
meh.
Oracles, (of God) Jl^lgls* ! zang'
ti' kii' p[(^i 'nii, (they pretend oracles
of the gods in temples to induce men
to come constantlv to burn incense)
HimmmmmmmmAn
^^^ miau* ']i 'kalsong zunming
ku' y\en 'nil kiau' niun dzang 16 sau
h'iang.
Oral, n f$T3^ 'k'eu dz-^ 'aule, ^
P tH (S 'J^ '^ 6U siang d-Atn.
Orange, (small) 1^"^ kioh 'tsz, (mid-
dle sized) I'll kew 'tsz, (large) ||c
zung 'tsz, (cumquat for preserves)
2^
kiun kiuh.
Orbit, ^'S kwe' dan', (sun's) ^g
wong dau', (moon's) Qbah dau'.
Ordain, (a law) lxjJL#J'i
seh lib
OTtP
lib fab, (an elder) JL^^^ hh
u-e 'tsang 'lau, (preordain) iR^U
jL*^ 2/u' sie lib ding'.
Order, ^/^ t'sz'zu', H t'sz'di', (com-
mand) -fe*^ ming'Tuig', p^ ka',. V^f
m fun fu', (imperial) J^ p sung'
tsz', JiIIk zang' u'.
Order, (to arrange) i^ft J>11^ k'e 'siau 'ngaw.
Origin, 3^ |^ 16 yeu, J^^f^nionden,
W.M-f' mon 'ti 'tsz, ^0. 16 lib,
-^ m6n kun, fe|^ 'k'i t'su, i^X
nio;?. yo;?, f^ 'k'l ton.
Original, (ancestor) ^jffl 'sz 'tsii, BM
'fSJPfii^deu ih ku' 'tsu tsung,
original text) JlCyC niuwvuii, (cause)
i^ yo??, M yowku'.
Ornament, ^i^ih^l tsong sub lnv6
deu. It sieu sub, (literary) ^ vun
sub, (head ornaments) "i*fl^ 'seu'
sub.
without sons
Orphan, JlSl ku, (persons
and relatives) jR
husbands, parents

^^1^
OUT
kwa^i 'kwo ku doli.
Orpiment, i^^ yiung ivor.g.
Oscillate, j^^nl^"^ yau 'p-^ veil
ding'.
Ostensibly, (to learn doctrines but really
for a livelihood):Sjg!^5tg@
^ H ming we hoh 'dau zeli wq du'
nyih.
Other, ^l] bill, (persons) J^ bill niim,
(what you do not wish your self do
not give or do to others) cL>S?/Pm
'^fM^^J^ 'ki 'su peh yoh veh sz yii
niun, (otherwise) ^^J^Wb^veh
/ell ko nung meh, Z^j^^ veh z6n
meh.
Otter, ^8 t'ah, (skin) ^ t'ahbi, (sea-
otter) TjC 'sz t'ah.
Oval, ^ Jl dzang yow, (egg-shaped)
ilStl-? ki flan' yang"tsz.
Oven, (of iron) ^ t'sang, (of brick)
ffi-? h\ 'tsz.
Overturn, SH^ 'fa 'tscn le, !!
'tail 'ts6 le, ^ 'fa ku' 16 (pass
over a river) ^)^^ du' kiV k'i',
(over and over) JXRffifX fa fan
foh fuh.
Over-anxious, ^ Jlf^H t'sie kwo'
man' lii', S^^,'2 ku' vun' kwo'
nian'.
Overcome, ^%Jl$ tiih sung', Wm
tsc'
^
yung, (overcome one's self)
k'lih 'ki, (others) SS'JA
sung' ku' bib niiin.
Over-count, ^^ tu su'.
Overflow, ^ yiew, SSfS 'tsang yuh,
yiE faw' la'.
Over-hasty, i^^^ t'uh kih.
Overhead, it^ JlF^ deu 'zong den.
OVE
Overlay, (with gold) fj^l^ miaukiun,
it
du' kiun.
Overlook, ^ 'kw6; 'li, (not take no-
tice of) ^^il^veh'liwc'.
Overpower, jJIJ v6h, (by strength) ^
:/jmi)KB']A yunglih liang' v6h
bih niiin.
Oversee, BB^ tsau' 'kwc, f^
t'sah.
Overseer, ^'^
ka toh.
Overset, j^^^ t'e 'tau.
Oversight, (commit an) ^^
'li tv6% ^^i\J veh lieu sing.
kan
veil
Overspread, (the country) i^lwdltfT
piew' di' lieu yung.
Overstep, (duty) JS/^3^ l':"' 'pun
vun'.
Overtake, jiB.^ tsue zah, (cannot)
^S'^S'J tsue 'ku veh tau'.
Overthrow, (a kingdom) {|SlliL0i
mill t'eh koh du'.
Ought, M^ yung tong, ^ yung k6,
ke tong, ^ 'li tong, (it ought to be
so) Jll9f^^ 'li 'su tong zen.
Ounce, ^ 'liang.
Our, $ciJtf@ 'ngu 'ni ku', (country)
^S 'punkuh.
Ourselves, 5?1)t S ^ '"gu 'ni zz' ka.
Out, (give) 15 [fi^ fah t'seh le,
(come out) Ul^^v t'seh le, (go out)
{!] P^ t'seh mun, -^ t'seh k'i'.
Outer, ^hHffl ng^' f^^u ku'.
Outrun, (him) JtPlt^^W.I^ 'pi
i 'bau tub kung k'wa', jfi 'bau
ku' i.
Outside, ^^H nga' deu, (appearance)
IS nga' mau'.

PAI
Owe, % k'ie^eS (men money) p^A
^1^^ ko niiin dung die;*.
Own, g^fS zz' k-X kuS (-baud)
H^ f sincr 'seu. _
Owner, i$ii 'puu 'tsu, (of liouse) ^
^ A'ong tuug.
Ox, ^ nieu.
Oxygen, l^^Mi dzu'sung kU', 8
'yaug k'i-'.
Oyster, ta^M ^^eli li, (shells) % li
k'oh, (oyster shell windows) J^fUl
^. lu diew t'song, (large oysters) jlf
bong'.
X acify, ^ o wc', (be pacified)
T^^ 'Aauk'i', ,6^^ sih uii'.
Tack, Q pan, ^5 vob, (a bundle) ill
ku' pau voh, (pack of cards) ""^f^
MiM ih f"' 'tsz bii.
Pack, (to) Q pau, U voli, ^ tsong
J{i ff
seu tsoh.
Packet, (of letters) "^'^m ih pau
sing'.
Packthread, jM;|?| mil zung,
Paddee, JQ dau', (fields) dau'
die?.
Padlock, '.su, fji tiau' 'sd.
Pagan, (nations) ??JSfif@H P^^
'ngeu ziang' kir koli dd', (customs)
i' ^^Si^ pong fung zoh.
Page, (leaf of book) #'M sii yih,
(twenty one pages) "^ *Ofi i^i^w'
ih tsang
Pagoda, J t'ah, ^ 'pau t'al*.
Pail, H 'dung-
79
Pain, '^ t'ung'.
PAP
Paint, f^ t' sih, (colours) ||fe' nga
suh, (vegetable green paint) ^'^
loh kaii, (oil and paint) J^ yeu
t'sih, (colour materials) 1H*-1' "S^'^
liauS (boxes of) ^^ suh siang.
Paint, (to) fi to', H tod'- du, |i" -c'
du.
Painter, ft*I ^6' kung.
Pair, --fi ih teS (of shoes) -
"J* ih song Aa 'tsz.
ffiS
Pair, (to) E1^ P'ili 'ngeu, It p'e'
'useu, '^ p'e' /

PAR
letter) fK sing' 'tsz.
Parable, ^"^ 'p'i yu', Jt 'pi yir.
Paraclete, f;S^>U6iIJ 'pan avc' sz.
Paradise, (Buddhist) W^cSilffi
^ si t'iew giuh loh sz' ka', (chris-
taiii) 5C^ t'ie doiig, (of Eden) :^
ffllSlH 6 dioMlohyo;?.
Paradox, Jtl^M ^^
m' 'zz nrli I'i.
Paragraph, (of a book) 'fxff i^^
dow' su.
Parallax, (annual) "WC^ sue' t'so.
Parallel, (lines) ^fl'|^ bing yiing
sie?i'.
Paralysis, (of the liead) fiBM^S p'iew
deu fung, (of one si de) #^ Jfi'^ jE
pew' sun veil zue', OTfp p'ie^i k'u.
Paraphrase, ^gjlj 'kwong hiun'.
Parasitic, (i)lant) ^^!^ ki swng
't'sau.
Parasol, ^}f^^ liang saw'.
Parcel, "Q, pan.
Parch, JjJ; 't'sau, (dry, parched) ^
sau'.
Parchment, ^jf^ yang bi.
Pardon, ^^'^ niau so', ;^ so' 'miew^
(general pardon by special grace)
^M^-htk ^'-ong nn da' so'.
Pare, (nails) flj^B^ siak 'tsz kah,
(an apple) fiJft^fZlljg p6k t'eh
bing 'ku bi.
Parents, JSIft 'liang t'sing, ;^# 'vu
'jnu.
Parliament, f^JS^S'S' ni tsung kung
Parlour, ^^ k'ali dong, H k'Ah
t'ing.
Parrot, ||^ ang ku.
Parsimonious, ij>^"pi ling', (in spen-
80
I'AS
ding) '[g ling' sih, f^ gie' ling',
(in spendins money).
Parsley, 'Jr^ giun t'so'.
Part, ^ fun, (one part) -JS^ih 'ku.
Part, (to) ^ fun. (equally) ^ bing
fun, J:^ kiun fun, (part and separate)
^^ f" saw', (cannot part with)
Jil^ff'sovehtuh.
Partial, fi^ p'iew, 6', fpj Mp'ie
h'iang'
ili niier/.
Particle, ^^K h'ii zz' 'nga;?..
Particularly, ^^^ duh i

PAT
t'sung' ze, (mone}')
'sz kii'ih.
e kiah, TjC
Passenger, (by boat) j|^ zew k'ah.
Passion, ^ k'i^ iK 'h^i k'iS (the pass-
ions) 1ft^ zing yoh, (the seven
passions and six desires) ^jTh/n
^ t'sili zing loll yoh.
Passover, ^^{MMy^ yoh tsih, (feast
of unleavened bread) B^^fiS dzu
kiau' tsih.
Passport, E^^lu' p'iauS EP lu' yun'.
Past, JS-ifS ku' k'i' k.V, (faults) BO
^p
zie fi.
Paste, 1^ tsiang'.
Paste,

PER
Pedigree, (book of) ^|f k^l 'pu, ^
M^^& tsung dzoh tsz p'a'.
Peel, Jffc l)i, (orange) f$, dziin bi'
(pumelo) ^fy zieii bi, (citroi)) |fl"
kew bi.
Peel, to (the skin of fruit) gijifc poll
bi.
^eep> KS 1^'^^'^' k'o'.
^eg. /fvfr nioh ting.
Peltry, jfeg bi hir.
;Pen, :^ pib, (goose pencil) Ji|^^
ngu mau pih, (hair pencil) |2^
long mau pih.
Pendulum, |jf^ tsung 'pa.
Penetrable, jf#jg t'eu' tuhku', ^
t'.sew tub ku'.
Penetrate, IM^lJ S t'seh tan' 'ti, (bore
through) H; fsiiw tau' 'ti, tsu t'eu'.
Penitence, '|||'j]| 'an hue', (for sin)
SPM^ ymig 'dzue yeu clzeu.
Penknife >J\ JJ 'siau tau.
Pentecost, ^L^lli 'io zing tsih, (50
day's festival)|ffS 'ts6;i kinn- tsih.
Penurious, ^^ ling sih.
People, Igi^ pAk sing', J5 ming.
Pepper, j^Q^Jif Jm tsiau.
Peppermint, fUfpf boh 7m, (oil) f^
boh M yeu, (leaves) ^ boh 7m yih.
Perambulate, jg^fx zing yung, (and
search) ^ zing dz6.
Perceive, ^^ koh zah, igf#{f|
'slang tub t'seh, (thoroughly) ^Wi
t'eu'jl'seh.
Perfect, yQ^ ivdn zien, (in a lesson)
^^ z6h.
Perfect, (to) ^Jj zung kung, J/t
zung dzieu', (a lesson) Hf^ doh
y.oh.
PER g|
Perfectly, -j^^ zeh fun.
Perfidiously, (act) ^ff seh sing', ^
82
jf.^J pe' yah.
Perforate, fijif fsz t'eu', ^ t's6
t'eu'.
Perform, fx 7.ang, (perform secret
acts of merit) fl||lj^ sieu yun
kung, (perform a Buddhist mass for
the souls of the dead) ^^EMS.
LjM man' kiung t'sau du' vong
ling, (perform a Tauist sacrifice with;
prayers for rain) tjMMM 'tang
tsiau' gieu 'yu.
Perfume, h'iang.
Perfume, (to) S^-^S li'iun iiih'iun.
Perhaps, f^fg 'k'ung p'6', J^^
u-6h 'tse.
Perigee, j^.^ tsiie' p6.
Peril, ^ 'h'ie;^ /tJ ngwo 'h'ie;?, (ex-
posed to peril) ^ mau' 'h'ie??.
Period, (of prosperity) S|Pif|gJ]#1^
h'iung ?6-ong' ku' zz 7ieu'.
Periodical, (printed each month) ^
fS nioh pau', #^P|] M 'me
nioh yun* ih Aau'.
Perish, Ij^ta mih vong, 'Sl'S" f^^^n
lun, (by hunger) ^'^ ngu' sali.
Perishable, ^^^JC^M y^^ng
wk'.
i' ba'
Perjury, ^^ p6' zz', f. p6' mung
yah.
Permanent, ^*^^Ji dzang dzang
leh 'la.
Permit, ^^^ 'yiin 'h'ii, i^ 'yun 'tsun,
^?ui^ yung bing, {^ zun bing.
Perpendicular, (line) _^|
Sfe dzue sie^i'.
'zu
siew',

Perpetrate, '\p
PES
Perpetual, ^:^JU 'siang veli t'seli,
IwPfSl t's6 laii iii tcoh. H>&
gj^g^sa/ising'liangi', ^^/lS
;i^ lib veil ding 'tsu i'.
Persecute, Jtj^ ndm zoli, jiw.^ pih
p'lili.
Persevere, SHIS-H
kie;^ kiV 'iiiun
iioS $$:X^M t.sung 'kieu veil
piew*.
Persimmon, lip-f
^^ 'tsz,
Person, (in his own) @ ^ Jj" Jt zz'.ka
.
sun long', (other person) ^ijA l>Jh
niun, (three persons and one sub-
!sa?< ^6c' ih 't'i.
iJ
't'sing, (for leave) "^fSI kau' ka'.
Petticoat, f>^ giun.
Phantasm, IbSCi^ '1^^^ ziang'.
Phases, (of moon) Ilf:^5^g| hwe'
s6h pien vong'.
Pheasant, |f|| 'ya ki.
Phoenix, ][By.)|il vung' M.ong.
Philanthropy, fll>ii^^lf zim sing 6,
veh, kt^^i^tM^ 'liau sung tsz tuh.
Philanthropist, ^Af@A

PIN
flower) ^12 't'se hwo.
Pickles, l^yK. sww kw6.
Picture, ^ w6', (pasted on x>aper) f^
f^ 'tsic 'piaii wb^, (of scener}') Uj7jC
sa?i 'sz, (of men and animals) yv^|?
niun veil, (oil) {{tlf^ 3'en t'sih ivd',
'
(pith paper) T^Mi t'^ng 'tsz tt'6'.
Piece, (of ink) *M S ill k'wc' mull
(of cloth) -^/E^* ih p'ih pu'.
Pier, j^lil 'mo deu.
Pierce, Jij t'sz', (with needle) W
t'sah, (with a boring instrument) ^
tsuw.
Piety, j^>i^ gie sing, M>6 ^^^^^ng
sing, (to parents) f#:JC#^ de' 'vu
'mu hiauS (to God) ffJl^^ISi
de' zang' ti' kung kiuug'.
Pig, ?l# tsz lu, (stye) UM tsz
k'iow, (shed) ^ tsz bang.
Pigeon, $.1 -f^ keh 'tsz.
Pike, :5lt tlzang t'siang.
Pile, (up in layers) ^ 16S[(in a heap)
ffi te.
Piles, 3^S dzz' t'song, (drive piles)
^7# 'tang tsong, (stone upon piles)
^#5 ke' tsong zah.
Pilgrim, Jfe
k'ah 'lii.
Pills, j^M ^^'^^^ yah-
Pillage, tTSi 'tang kih, Jt 't'siang.
Pillar, fi ziiS (of the state) H^fil
'fJ/O kOh kia ku' zu' zah.
Pillow, ttFM tsun deu, (case) 5 tsun
deu t'au'.
Pilot, 5lJ|S4'^A 'yun
f^ 'ling ze;i ku'.
Pin, if tsun, j^
bih tsun.
Pincers, ^1^ t'ih gie;J>|^ 'siau t'sung', (revolving)
?T/A lii il^it 'tang 16h t'*eh yang
t'siang.
Pit, JjL k'ang.
Pitch, |^ sung h'iang.
Pitch, (to) ttjlift meh lih t'sing,
(throw) JJ(i p'au, ^ deu, (a tent)
WW tah ban^.
Pitious, P]*'^ 'k'u lie?2.
Pith, (of grass) ^i\j> 't'sau sing.
Pitiful, WSWAf@>5 'yen e lie
niun ku' sing.
Pity, ft^ lie?^ e', ^flc nioh mo.
Pivot, fliiH ch'u 'nieu.
Placard, (official) ^TJ^ kau' zz', (pri-
vate advertisement) -^Q kau' bah.
Place, Jl:^ di' foug, ^^ M dong,
ft'ffc dzang hau', ^^ 'su ze',
(what place) R^^ sa' 'su, F^ sa'
'sii deu, ^ sa' 'sii dong.
Place, (to) i$ on', Jf| koh, j^J fong.
Plain, 'f^^ p'oh su', (easy to under-
stand) 0J3 1& ming bah, f^J^ 't'siew
giun, (flat) ^ bing, (level plain)
^>S bing niciw, ""i^^ ih dzang
bing,
Plaintiff, W*% nio" kau'.

1>LE
85
Plaintive, (note of a bird) it P,|&^ i
gi ming 'yo e.
.Pait, ^ tselu
Plait, (to) |# Inen'-.
Plan, #f^ long fah, 01]
FT!^ ki'.t'siih.
Plan, (to) li'ljic
ki' m^"-
Plane, (a) M ^au', (to) W] ban'.
Planet, fTtM: /'ang sing.
Plank, ^iS mok 'paw.
Plants, ^'1: Jfl Invo 't'sau.
fah tsnli,
Plant, (to) 'Ji t.sungS J ts6, tsc
tsuug', (and manure) i ts6 1)6.
Plantain, t^ ;^ p6 tsiiui.
Plaster,^ (for walls) ^iJ? hwe si>,
(sticking) ^^ kau yah.
Plaster, (to walls) ^^f; nieli, |^ maw, (a
sore) SfiW^ ^'il* l^au yah.
Plate, {^-^ dih 'tsz, ^^ bun 'tsz,
(of iron) ft)r ^'il^ p'ie/i'.
Platter, ^ ])e;^
Play, ^tn boh siang', (play for
money) Hs'^I^II^ 'ti^i dung die
(play music) f^U| tsoh yah.
Players, ''p^f@ t'songh'i^ ku', (disciples
of the pear garden *) ^ ^
'T'^ ^i yon 'tsz di'.
Plaything, ^^U "F ^eh siang ku??, Jc
:i^gf ^^'a?i' k'i''.
Plead, ^^ 'k'un gieu, (argue in
various ways) l^^fl^fsf ^'ang
bie' 'zu bie?r.
Pleasant, (prospect) ^-J:!;!!!: 'hau
'kiuDg tsz-, ( circumstances) ^^
Oil loh.
I'l^U
tsung' v, ^^^: veh to' Mdunjj.
(not pleased with) ^^^ veh 'h'i
liwew, veh 'h'i yoh.
'yeu
t'su*.
Pleasing, P^'^ 'k'6 6-', ^g
Pleasure, ^|^ yiew' loh.
Pledge, (to) '^ tongS M 'tiew, (for a
short time) ^f ah, (a pledge) 'gfjl^
tong' deu, ;^ tsz*.
Plenipotentiary, #C^/;E k'iung
t'sii da* dzuii.
Plenteous, g^^ fung zung-', (year)
^ fung nie;/.
Plenty, (time of) ^'^ zung' sz%
(successive years of) jS^;/^^^
lie;i nie diV z6h.
Pliable, l^ll 'niow zah, #1^1$
wa;; tuh 'tsc;/, (bend with the wind)
MB.M ^ue fling 'tau.
Plod, SilligtVtl giuu 'kiun tsu^
zz' 't'i.
Plot, tf^ ki' t'silh, nf e;r
plot rebellion) ^^ meu *fa.
ki', (to
Plough, i^IMlideu.
Plough, (to) ^ li, ^ kung.
Pluck, (ears of wheat) i$#||JM
't'su mak zeh deu, (up by the roots)
i^K^ftbaht'ehkun.
Plug, SBH suh deu.
Plum, ^ 'li,
(in
a field of melons do
not adjust your shoe, nor under a
plum tree your hat) )S>. HI /i>$ft IS-
^TyfWM kwo die peh nah lu'
'li 'Aau peh 'tsung kwc;r.
Plumbline, ^llfi 'tsun zung.
Plumber, (maker in lead) ^ | k'an
Please, (men) Jgffii'iA 't'su yoh
yii niun, (not pleased) ^^4*^8 veh
* So called fioni the garden in the palace of T'ang-ming-hwang, the Plummet, (of lead) ^it^, k'au du
emperor
Nvho is regarded as the founder of p]?y acting in China.

POL
'tsz, (of iron) t'ili du 'tsz.
Plummet, to, (the depth of water) fpfc
7jCi^S
t'oM \sz sun 't'sie;^.
Plunder, Jt^ 't'siang doli, Jj^
'tantr kill.
Pneumatics, S^$ f^'^ng ^'i' Y'"^^^-
Poach, (eggs) S'llS we Id da;^'.
Pocket, J>'&
^'eh suh i-'.
Pope, l^i^^ kiau' hw6* ?6-ong.
I*0PPy> S^f y^"ig soil hwo.
Popular, (he is) B"S:^^i5^ pak
sing' dze 6' i.
Population, J^^ ming su', ^ P /a'l
'k'eu.
Populous. yVll'I3^^ niun y\eM veh
'sau.
Porcelain, i^S^ dzz k'i'.
Porch, P^tJmunleu, ^^P^ dzue
hwo mun.
Pore, ^ k'iau*.
Pork, ^f ^ tsznioh.
Porpoise, Ji?^ kong tsz.
Port, f P 'ho 'k'eu, (clearance) jfX
,^ /mug taw, (charges) J|hJ|P zew
t'sau'.

oT
Port-lio:e, J.^m p'aii' 'uga;/
Portable, ^|#S4 no tuli Mung,
'Porter, P^ Jlf@ mim long' ku',
f(^
k'o niun kiV.
n
Portion, ^:9* ming van', (lialf or
more)-}"^;2/^
^e^i vim* ts/.
'ng loll, (destined portion),-j^^^ yo
vun', (one portion of an army)
gj^ih'ku'tsz.
Portrait, f^ dang', ^J>^ 'siaii tsau',
J^i%. yung //lang'.
Position, iilifiL di' tre', (in position)
Wii^'^M leh Mil 'pun t'su'.
Positively, (enjoin) if$^ duh ming',
##5Pi>Mt duh duh 'li fnn lu'.
Possess, ^ 'yen, (so rich as to possess
the four seas and so honourable as
to be the emperor) '^WISISA
^J^.-f' fu' 'yeu sz' Vieu 'tsz.
'ho, kwe' wo
Possessed, (with a demon) RJ^ vu'
'kii, or ^ JL. sun long' viV 'kii.
Possessions, Sifi ^^ "3'^^ ^kiinyih,
^ ka 't'sa.
Possible, (physically) |[b
allowed) pIJ!^ 'k'6 'i
done) '^fl^ 'sz tub.
Post, (pillar) |^ zu*, (piles) /fC'
moll tsong.
Post-office, W^Wl sing' giuh.
Postage, fe^ sing' tsz, }@S 'tsieu
die;/, 'tsieu tsz.
Posterity, ^fli 'Aeu do', -^Jf, 'tsz
sun, p^ "^ miau i' 'Aeu.
Postman, ^fe (0 ta' sing' ku'.
Postpone, 5SJPI ?/ie
koli.
nung, (it is
(it may be
Pot, (earthenware) ^yji^ 'ngo kwa;/',
'
87
*
(iron) i^Aii
rRA
pot) ^ff^'rjir dz6 hii.
I t'ih kwe' deu, (lea-
Potash, If kaw, M^'ln km.
Potatoe, (sweet) iJjf-^ saw yii', q-||
yii*, (Chinese j^am) Uj|^ sa yah
(foreign) ^^^ nga' koh sa yah.
Potter, 'J^SA sau j^au niun, %
fl^ sau 'ngo kl< ku'.
Pottery, % 'ngo k'i', ^;g yau
^i'iSfel^^S kong bang 'tung
le'.
Pouch, 1^ nong, ?ljH hii pau.
Poultry, tlf^l ki ah.
Pound, (Chinese catty) /fkiun, (Eng-
lish) IS^'Jr ;5lHsz' fun klun tsz
sa, (by the pound) ^Jx^M, 'kong
kiun deu.
Pound, to (in water) J^ dau, (in a mor-
tar) ^ Sling, 1^ t'sah.
Pour, ^J 'tan, |fj tsuu, j|| kwe;/', or
gwcw*.
Powder, ^ fun, (drugs in powder) ^
saw', (gunpowder) ^|^ 'liu yah.
Power, "Bb nung, ^ nung kiu/', ;J]
dz6 nung, (authority) Hlj^ gioM
ping'.
Powerful, ^Bt^f@ 'yeu mmgkuM'
ku', W:/Jfl:fi3 'yeu llh liang' ku'.
Powerless, ^"f^ vii nung.
Practicable, fi|^f#^f@ tsu' tuhleku'.
Practice, fyj^ hang wo.
Practice, (to) i^^ Aoh dzih, M zih
lie', {gJ^'lK
tsu' kwa*.
Praise, ffjp^ t'sung tsaw',
zung', ^ tsa^i' 'mc.
& t'sung
Praiseworthy, 'pTpMIKH 'k" tsa;^
'me ku'.

VRK
^^7, ^i gieu, ^-^ 'tan kau', |Jf
gi 'tan.
I*rayer, H-g-^Jt 'tau kan' Yiin, |/f
X^ gi 'tan vim suh.
Preach, Bffl: 'kong su, (gJi ,,g;,c
'dan.
Precede, ^fe^ sienk'V, ^^ sie lo.
Precedent, Prfc;J|f@
'k'6 i ./e
'tie^^ ku', :4Sit|^filihtsfr yang'-
snh ku'.
Precept, ^^ ming'ling', ^'k^V, %
hiiiir.
Precession, (of the efiniaoxes) ;^|
sue' t's6.
Precipice, ||J| pih d6I,, gH yo;.
ngc, (of ten thousand feet i
deep) -^-* '
m t'sie. t'sie?/ .!-,...< ....,
dzang' nga?^.
Precipitate, >\t t'nh mong, (to pre-
cipitate) ^T* den '//an k'i'.
Precise, (of language) ^^ 'kie
We^^S (of manner) 11'^ 'jdnn znu'.
Precisely, JEW}m\m tsnng' leh
'hxzzAeuMong', iE;g^^^ tsm^.'
'zz zeh kc'.
Preclude, (from advancing) ^fij^
I-& snh dzu-- tsing-' ]u\ (from an op-
portunity) ^mpimit siou
doll 1 ku' ki tre',
Precursor, ^felB siew k'ii.
Predecessors, ^m^ 'Ian zie>/ pC-', (as |
kings) :7t;3: slew trong.
Predestinate, m^Ur^jn' sie 'ka;.
dmg', or 'sie
ding'.
Predicate, (in a sentence) ^ ping,
(subject and) ^ 'tsu
ping, (it may
be predicated of him) iiaMi0
^hlli 'tsz zak tsz i 'k'6 'i uxr.
Predict, fl^fcfS yu* sie;^ fr6-.
I
j
Prediction, Jp/g yu\?/ie;^.
Preeminent, (above all) MM^"^
yv^^JL t'an yob ii
tsz 'zaiig.
Preface, Jfl zu'.
tsuiig' ninn
Prefect, (of department) ^Hjf tsz
'I'u, (of tliree department) j^EJ
'dan de.
Prefer, (civil to military life) ^'X),
M^^ e' vnu ku' yu e^ 'y,',.
Prefix, S Jil|1]ig o;r ^\a z\(^n deu.
Pregnant, *|i]J^ ,,a>^ t'c.
Prejudice, fi g p'jo;? kie^i'.
Prejudicial, fgS^AfS song
/,6-' nini.
^^^^^ture, l|J.g'*5lJ zz znn'Vi tan',
iCAi-?' t'uh 'tsan.
Preordain, WSf^M. yii' sie.. ding*
kw6.
Prepare, {gf^l yu he-', (be prepared
against) [SJ bong b6', (fully pre-
pared) gf^t
y-l I'o'.
Preposterous, [g WiltH 'k'i 'ven 't's^
'li.
Presage, [Jfe^^ sie;^ zan', I/|T /,au' den,
Oi'11'P.v) "n kihzanS(unlncky) [)y
h'ii'mg zau'.
Prescribe, (as a physician) !^':^ 'sia
i'ong, ^:^-f k'c fong 'tsz.
Prescription, ^^-^^ fong 'tsz.
Presence, (in his) f/jJifi^fSMflt
leh 'hi i ku' mie;?' zie;?.
Present ^4]}ii. Mi 'hi, (world) ^jl^
l^iun sz', (time) ]^l%\} 'fsz k'nh,
(life) -7 ^ kiunsnng, (em])ei-or) '^
7 rti ^E t^'Jig I'^i^"! wong ti'.
Present, (a gift) fi^ 'h veh, (marri-
age presents) fl| p'ing' 'jj.
1

PRE
Present, (as a gift) ^ sung', "U gwe-
suDg'j (with both hands) J$Jt 'fung
'zong, Wi 'lung h'iew'.
Presently, (Iwill come)
zieii* 16.
Preserve, ^^ 'pau dzien.
Preserved, (fruits) |^ dong
(ginger) ^ dong kiang.
'ku.
Preside, ^^ 'tsang 'kwew, 'S'M
WQ 'sen 'ling.
President, (of one of the six boards)
t^^ zang' su, (chief in any office)
JE^ tsung* dong.
Press, (cupboard) K kwc', ^ i kwe',
(wine-press) JHB^ 'tsieu tso', (print-
ing) *f[J 4^3^ -J yung' su kah 'tsz.
Press, (down) ^ ah, (heavily) m
'dzung ah, (near) jilLjifi p'uh 'giun,
(urgently) JS^ t'sue kih, (upon)
S^JhJ/ tsi lau gah.
Presume, (wrongly rely on)^|| g ^
ffl>^fi vong' k'au' zz'kakii'lih
liang', (not presume to interfere) ^
St^V veh *kew tu zz', (to attack
presumptuously his tiger like gran-
i
deur) B?!i#f@Jl;^ mau' 'va
ku* 'hu we.
Pretend, (to be a prince's son) ^U
>i'J 'ka tsong zz' wo ?ong
'tsz, (to be good)'^@ 'ka mau'
w6 'zen.
Preternatural, (doctrines) ttf@
jSSI t-'sau sing' ku' 'dau 'li.
Pretty, ifM 'hau k'Ow', ^ 'me, ffi
or ^ t'su', ,#Hg sie ming, WM
piau tsz', 3l&it^J) 'niau 'nu.
Prevail, fg'^ tuh sung

^iHM
PRO
^^^^ i t'seh sun.
Jtivatily, 'Ig'It 't'siau 't'siau, fZjg
IF sz 'ti 'Aau,. 0f e^r' 'ti 'li.
Privy-council, "^^^'^^^ SISS ^^ t*siV.
Prize, _p. 'song, ^^ 'song sz-'.
Prize, (to) t^ Jc^ 'i ^^"^ 'pan pe',
^!^ k'dw' 'dziing.
Probable, J?^^ 'hau ziang' yau',
(not iH'obable) '^X*^%
tub.
veil kiew'
Probation, (time of) MSSAf@>^
^ sz' sz' niun ku' zun kwong.
Probe, ^tsim, (for the eye) ^iS
kiun bi.
Probe, (to) glj kwah, gcjij few t'sub.
Probity, ^JE ni' 'dau, jEW tsiing'
dznh, ^ ni' k'i'.
Proceed, Jt flj"^ zo^g' ziew k'i', ^
zau ziew, (proceeds from some unknown
origin) U^^^k^^
-frffi^ zung veb tsz-' sa' kii' le
yeu Aang t'seli le, (proceeds from
the simple to the profound) H^
A.*S yeu
't'siew zeh sun.
Procession, (of idols) {!{'' t'seh ti^^6',
(go out to meet idols and thank them
in assembly) 53lSfJ$'' niung zun
se" iv&'.
Proclaim, (cry out) ^cS^f ^-4 da'
sung hii kiau', (publish) ja f^ sie??
yang, ^ ^ pu' kau', ^^Ic 'h'iau
yu'.
Proclamation, ^7f\ kau' zz', (imperi-
al) JSR dung w'ong.
Procrastinate, JS'ffi dzzf/iew, ^ ta
yien, jij dzz lieu.
Prodigal, (son) 1^-^ ba'tsz, ^% long'
Hsz, (expenditure) ^^MJ9 1^'
90
fi' long' yung'.
PRO
Produce, (to) ^ffi^ gang' t'seh U,
(something from nothing) ^ff*S
^ vu tsung- sung 'yeu.
Produce, (a country) j^S 't^i't'sa;?,
\m t'seh 't'saw.
Profane, (a sacred name) fi}SS^
sih doh sung' ming, (a sacred place)
Sf HSJil tsau t'ah sung' di'.
Profess, (to be) U^%^ zz' kd
t'sung WQ, (in words to be good
in heart bad) I~I:S;i&# 'k'eu 'zz
sing fi.
Proficiency, (make) :gj'tsangtsing'.
Profit, ^lj,i,li'sih^ li' die;^, (capi-
tal small and profit great) /S^^'J
^ 'pun 'sau li' tu.
Profligate J^J;^ fong' sz'.
Profound, ^^ sun an', ^ sun
miau', au* miau*.
Progenitor, )IE^ 'tsii tsung, ^ 'tsu
sie, (first) ]ia 'sz 'tsu.
Progeny, ^i\ 'Aeu do', ^ '/^eu i'.
Prognostic, ^^IH ^^u' deu, ^ sie
Prognosticate, (power to) yCKtii^Ji
slew kie' tsz ming, (by cash) ^
'k'i k'li', (by the eight symbol) i5
^ i^&n kwo'.
Progress, BijfJ ziew /ang, (gi-owing
better day by day) '-*
if "^ 0)
ih njih 'hau ih nyih, (in learning)
:I8^Fp1 'tsang tsing' lidh. vun,
(make no progress)
veil zie.
-fT^ B'J ^^^^^
Prohibit, ^jt kiun' 'tsz.
Prohibited place, ^Jifi kiun' di'.
a)mm 'va
\ Prohibition, (transgress

kiiin'
^^.
PRO
^Vf
Project, (design) H |^c du men, (throw
out) Jttii^ p'au t'seh kl', (as a
noun) ^ ki, Fl ;^ ki' t'suh.
Projectile force, ^ji^jj p'au lili.
Prolong, ^11;^ ka. dzang, (somewhat)
^iP 'Ifi tu ka ih 'Hen.
Prominent, (!( |il^ deh t'seh 16, ffi
BM
t'seh deu.
Promiscuous, CS^ 'wun dzah, ^^
^it veh fun 'pe 't'sz.
Promise, iS^^ yung 'h'ii, p^
'h'ii or
'he, (from the emperor) MJ% uu
'tsun.
Promote, |^ sung, ?^M 'ku yung',
(two Iteps) EiJSIK sung 'liang
kih.
Promotion, (as
the result of examina-
tions mounting high on the golden
list) I'M^'^W kau tung kiun
'pong, (to the l^ighest rank) 3^^
^pp lie?2 sung ih 'p nig.
Prompt, (to act) '^MM^^^ 'kuw
'kiun han' zz' 't'i.
Promulgate, S|^ pu yang, (eveiy-
where) ^i% pie dzcw, (a decree
through the empire) ?S^MfT3C
*7^ tsau su paw' yung t'iew 'haw.
Pronounce, pj ill^ zvo' t'seh 16, (
sentence) /^^ ding' on'.
Pronounciation, P "g^ 'k'eu yun. '^
Proof, gJJ Ling kii'.
Prop, U dzu', (wooden) /fv nioh dzu',
^^^mohkiV'tsz,
Prop, (to) ;i tsz, {i tsz dzu' fgJt
tail zong'.
Propagate, (a religion) ff^ zcn kiau'
^
n
'^
I'llO
(not) ^J'S^'IhS veh Aeh dzing Mi
J^P\
Property, ^^'^ ka iiyih, ^ tsz
dze, (properties of substances) ^
f0/$^t meh zz' ku' 'pun sing'.
Prophecy, (the books of) ^fc^Olttt
sieK tsz tsu sii, (the words) f^I^pS
siew tsz ku' seh wo'.
Prophesy, (to) Mi^^^BWS,
aien tvo' 'Aeu le ku' zz' 't'i, ^ l^jG
9n vi' poll sie tsz.
Prophet, yQj^H sien tsz, (female) 5C
'nil siew tsz, (prophet of Islam) ^
^ k'iung t'sa.
Propitiatory, (sacrifice) ,^|p^ ^^^^
'd^ue tsi'.~
Propitious, (wind) |^S znn' fung.
Proportion, J^tl^J 'pi H*.
Proportionals, (four) 0^ sz' seh,
f@J^t^!l$ sz' ku' li' 'pi s5h.
Proportionate, ?i^0lffi siang yung', |i?
siang t'smig'.
Propose, (one's own opinion) ^^ t-*
^1^^ dzun soil 'ki i'.
Proprietor, /j^j^ 'pun 'tsu, 'M^
tung ka.
Prose composition, (essays) ^^ vuii
tsang, (classical prose) pf^C 'ku
vun.
Prosecute, "^ kau', ^ zung' kau'.
Prosecutor, ;^'^ niciw kau'.
Proselyte, ^fiffl vung' kiau' ku', jg
tsing' kiau' ku',
Prosody, (rules
#
for i)oetical composi-
tion) pj'ft sz lih, (for songs) gQ
k'ioh hh.
Prospect, (fine) -^^^ 'kiung tsz'.
Proper, JJl^ Hi tong, ^S /^eh ni, [Prosper, JRH li'iung fah, Eh'ii

IT 92
PRO
f^3l liung fung, \\ fang
t'sangS )I{h g zmi' tong.
Prostitute, ^H^ljc t'sanw gi', (his sons
will be (or are) robbers and his
daughters prostitutes) J^'S^^^
ncH dau' 'nu t'sang.
Prostrate, (.cast one's self) j^f fJJ 'i'*^
voh, ^ pa' Viih,
Prostration, (ceremony of) MlI(M ^*eh
deu.
Protect, i^^i^ 'pau yeu', |J "pau ku',
Mffi ^s^^^' y""gs -OE 'pau pis S
kiO' yeu-'.
Protestant, (religion) JfBJI^li ya su
kiau'.
Protonmrtyr, -^^MM^^BA
'seu sie ted' 'dau tsz'' luing' ku'
niua.
Prototype, *^^^tf^ 'seu sie'piau
yang\
Protract, (time) JSfl|M5S;B ^^^^ ^z
7^eu /ie^i dzang.
Protuberant, {III Hi 3^ deh t\seh le.
Proud, I^Sit kiau ngau'.
Prove, fiJE |li JSS^ tsung' t'seh bing
kii- l(i.
Provender, fM-^ liang 't'sau.
Proverb, ^p i:6h 'mi, ^W tsun
^ie>f.
Provide, ^(fj ;?/u< bi', f|jj be' ba-,
(again.si) I^J boug b6', J^ di bong.
Providence, (of God) JL'rtf {Sfll ^ang'
ti' 'pau 3'eu\
Provident, ^WrWJfi 'liJau tuh*/u'
b.
Province, -^ 'sang, (eighteen) "j /\.
zeh pah 'sang.
Provincial, (dialect) ^||)p^S h"iangda,
1^ 't'u buh, (city) iMM ''^ang
zung, sang ?/'o-.
-^^Sfe/
PUL
Provisions, P)^ k'iuh gioh, P(13
k'iuli ku-. fM^ liang 't'sau.
Provoke, ^,. 'za, ^g tsau 'zd, (do not
provoke his anger) ^U'f'^flS
'^ veil yau' ku;^ i ku- nii', (provoke
anger) ^(M kih nu''.
Prow, ;^B3 zcM deu.
Proximate, (proximity)
'giuu.
Prudence, (discernment)
.suh, (caution) ^^)^ aV sing.
Prudent, (wise) ^^B 'yeu tsz wii%
(well informed, discerning) W^lS
'yeu kie' suh, (cautious) WlBI>&
'yeu si' sing, (intelligent)* ^.01]
t'sung ining, "
Prune, ^;Bg
sieu 'li.
Pry, k'wo t'e.
Psalms, pf sji
sz, ^
t'song' sz.
vu' 'giun,
'^1^ k^e;^'
p'ie^i, (sing) ^^
PubHc, (the) ^A tsung' uiun, "gj^
tsung* pal^ sing', (business) ^^
kung zz', (hall) SJ?f kung 'su,
(road) *i^ kw'iiu W, (duties)
^^
kwc;^ sue'.
Publish, M.^^ sie j^aug, (to the wor-
ld) ^[frfim. pa^*?/angyu sz'.
Pudding, ^^>L? 'ticM sing.
PuU, Ji *la, ^ k'iew, (pull up) ^K
bah fell, (pull down) ^^ 'lii 'tau,
$f )K t'sah t'eh, (pull open or asun-
der) tiig t'sa k'6.
Pulley, }# wall t'so.
P^pit, nStfS 'kong su do.
Pulsation, M^W) i^^ali 'dung.
Pulse, (bloodvessel) J|^" mdh, J^L h'ioh
iiii'ik niah, /JliCitI' slh.

PUR
Pulverize, >-^ mu fun.
Pumeloe, 5^JR vim taw, flB-?> ye"
'tsz.
Pumice-stone, {-^^Q vcu zali.
Pummel, (rice, to remove the skin) ^0
^{t 'dau 'mi, (and wash clothes) ^
^^ 'dau 'si i zorig.
Pump, viC^ 'sz t'so.
Pumpkin, "^JS- kiun k\v6.
Punctual, ^MSBt^ll veh t'so ku'
y/A k'uh.
Punctuate, iJlH 'tiew k'iow, ^ 'tie^i
su.
Puncture, (to) lj t'sah.
Punctured hole, fl^ 'iigaw.
Pungent* (iil taste) |i^ lah, (of words)
$ljAfS
t'sz'niuTi kiV.
Punish, fj^ vah, ^JpJliJia k-^ yung
vail.
Punishment, Jfl]i3 yung vah, Sfp
'zeu 'dzue.
Punkah, iJiS t'seu fung.
Pupil, ^^^ /.ok sang 'tsz, f^^
mun sang, ^ mun du, f^ du di',
(of the eye) 0^^ 'ngaw tsu.
Purchase, ^ 'ma, (rice)
(goods) ^M, tsz' hu'.
^3 dih 'mi'
Pure, j^ t'sing, H^ ku;? r-ing', J|?
kih zing', (in intelligence) J^^Wl/^
i^ h'ii ling peh m6', (the pure article)
j^^ niow hu'.
Purgative, t^|$| sia' yah.
Purgatory, jt|i|H[ lie' nioh.
Purge, ^'i^ sih sia'.
Purified, |^S lie^j' kir.
Purify, (by water) '&Q 'si, (by fire)
^ ion' Wen', (one's nature) ^')^
sicu ]ic;r, (nialio clean) ^^i^
9:
QUA
lung' kwi zing'.
'Sll^*
Purple, ^ 'tsz, (bluish) ^IgJTfj beh
dau t'sing.
Purport, M*Mi*
i' i^^J.
Purpose, ;S;>S i' sz', ^ tsz' i', (on
purpose) iA ku' i', ##J|: dub
duh 'li, (for this very purpose) $f=
;l^@jlfc
duh i' w6' 't'sz.
Purposely, (and knowingly to offend)
BJ]^n |S5:JEL ming tsz ku' van'.
Purse, ^ de', ^IJQ hn pan.
Pursue, 3ii, tsue, @ 'ku, tsue 'ku.
Pus, Ui ming.
Push, ^ t'c, (and overset) '[%
'tau, (a side) ^ t'6 k'e.
t'6
Pusillanimous, K>J> 'ta 'siau.
Pustule, 'ig^ tsun'tsz, BjlvS. nung
pau.
Put, JK fong', ^ on, M koli, (put on
clothes)
tsah i zong, (put
off clothes) B5 fob i zong, (put away)
fS^M f^^'^i

RAB
cines) |^ yak sing'.
Quantity, ^>J? tu 'sau, ^Hi 'ki
]i;iir'.
Quarrel, /r0 :^ siano; tsurig,
luir, \MWL dau k'i'.
piij tsung
Quarter, 0^;^-^ sz' fan ts2 ili^
(moon's four quarters) "^PM^S:
-c' soil ?/e';2 vong'.
Queen, ^J^ u-ojv^ V^eu, "^C^ 'nii
w'ong.
Queer, ^j^ gi kwa'.
Quencli, (thirst) ^?} 'ka k'oh, jh
'tsz k'oh, (fire) Mit^C mih t'eli
'hu, ^ yun fell 'hu.
Question, (him) P9 P^'j^ i^^^iii' i^^^"^' i,
(and examine) ^ 'k'au mnn', (and
search) ^ dz6 mun'.
Quick, Pi k'wtV, k'wa' k'wa', *^0^
/^ausau', (as ahorse) ^11 ^^ k'wa' zu
'mo.
Quicken, {SJ ^^eh 'dung.
Quicksilver, 7Ki^ 'sz niun.
Quiet, ^ J3f- o^^ zing', Qp bing o.
Quilt, |;A^ hi' ta;?, (stuifed) $||i mie;^
bi'.
Quit, Hlgg li k'e, (the world) ^itt
k'i' s//.
Quite, ^ zie^/,
(({uite aware) \yy
R|j H 26h full ming buh.
Quiver, "gij"!^ tsie;^' do', (stick arrows
in) Jip t'sah tsie?^'.
Quote, 51 ^ 'y^iii tsung'.
Itabbit, ^^, t'lV 'Lsz,
94
RAN
Kace, ifiJIji tsung d/.61i.
Eace, (to) ^Sfi se' 'ban, 0j 'bau
*'m6.
Eack, (frame) yfr'T'
^^'^^ '^Si^.
Eadiant, \ flS ^ fg tsau' kwong ku',
^1 z6' kwong ku'.
Eadiate, ^^jQ fah kwong.
Eadically, (wrong) W^^k^M niun
kun veh 'han,
Eadish, (red) ^XMM] ^' i^i^ A mo' niun.
Eailing, fl/f-f la?^ kuw.
Eailway, |iE& t'ih lu'.
Eain, || 'yii, (to rain) ^ loh 'yu.
Eainbow, fe Aung, |^ kiang.
Eain-water, ]^7jC *yii 'sz.
Eaise, ^j^'^^ 'kii 'k'i '16, ^ ginng
'k'i 'le.
(of two chairbearers) J^ do 'k'i 'le,
(assist to rise) ^ vu 'k'i '16, (from
obscurity) ^"wt di bah, (raise
troops) iu^"^^ t^au mu' ping
'yung, (the head) 3^^^ de deu.
Eaisins, i^^^^i beh dan kun.
Eake, (or pronged hoe) ^Jif^" t'ih tah.
Earn, S" kiing yang.
Eamble, ^^W 'tseu behsiang'.
Eandom, (running at) Lfl6 ^on' 'ban,
(talking at) BS^B|/\1@iS:Blf
hah t'sih hah pah kvi' seh wo'-.
Eank, (in the state) ppri^ 'p'ing kih,
(first rank) Ilfl deu 'p'ing, (order)

-^J$ f. t'sz'di-'. (in ranks
95
of 50) 3L+fA PfrngzehkiV |
niun ill do', (among brothers) JlpfT
bi'i Aong, (classes) ^jE^fe pa t'sz',
(rise from the ranks) friElh^
7/oiig '-u t'seh sun.
Hansom, zoh, (and save) ^ kieu'
z6h, (from sin) ^^ zoh 'dzue.
Hapid, ^jiS kih s6h, ^ sing' soh,
(water flows rapidly) 7jCV)E
sing'
'sz lieu
soh.
Bapine, iJB$3t?|f 't'siang doh dze
veh.
Eare, ^^ h'i 'ho, ||f#S iia
tuh. k'ti/;/ kiew*.
Ilaslily,_Btt^^ man' mo' vu tsz,
(become connected) ^^t^long'tah. j
Eat, M 'su, ^ 'lai^'su, or 'lau 'sz. I
Bate, ffJM ^^' *^ie, ftt ding' su',
(at a certain rate) BB tsau' su'. !
Bate, (to) fpi'^ 'ku liang'.
Bather, (I had or you should) jyu Pf
niung 'k'6, (die than do it) 5E^
wfifj^ niung 'k'6 'si veh niou' tsu',
(you ought rather to say) UJ^fS
JM^&Mm "^^' ^^^' 'taeM yung
ke wo^.
Bational, ^S '}'eu 'li, (endowed
with reason) ^MttfB 'yeu 'ling
sing' ku'.
Battans, Sfl^ dung diau, (split) I^
dung nioh, (blinds) ^ dung lie?^,
(chairs) f^ dung 'i.
Battle, (of wood) /{Cf^ luoh doh.
Baven, ,^?|j un yd, ^ 'lau au.
Baw, ^ sang, .(eat raw) P^ sang k'iuk.
Bay, (of light) ^|^ ^E ill ie' kwong.
Bazor, l^lJgMJJ
t'i' deu tau.
JReacli, ^'3' J'J tuk tau', (camiot reach)
|
|
j
EEC
:^^ilj'tseii veil tan'
Bead, Igfl* dok su, -^ nian' su.
Beady, (for use) JglJc /,ie;?' zung, "gl
bie', (prepared) gff Jft^yii'be'
'la 'ts6. (ready money) ^ Men' zien.
Real, flL tsun, ^ffi zeh :.6S Jfk'iah
zeh.
Really, ^f^.'kAzhi, K#^, zeh
kweh 'tsz, MM&li ^eh zeh z6'
20 ', li[I^ zuh deu.
Reap, fj| koh, JJ5: sen, lie;/..
Reaping-hook, ^ JJ lie tau.
Bear, (children) 9^>J>^ 'yang yoh
'sieu 'nu.
Bear, (of a city)|[^^^ zungpu' 'hen.
Beason, 3|| li, jg 'dau 'li, 'dau, 5^
t'ie
'li, (cause) i'^jK: yo kii', ]g
13 niow yen.
Beason, (to) f^ lun', |,if bieu' lun'.
Beasonable, MJ^Ji'^^M 'li 'su tong
zc, (not) ^J'^'ltM vehAehdziug
'li, veh heh 'li J^ veh /teh ni.
Bebel, (to) MM be'*' '^'iih KMi
'fan Km'-, 5 'zau 'fa.
Bebel, !lji|| dzuh fi, (long haired) ;g
^ dzang mau, (filchers) ^{^^ [11 niew
ii.
Bebuke, _^f|| tsuh be', (remove and)
Slt^-^'^'^eh'tsewle.
Eecal, ii.lHi^ tsiie w&U, (a word
once sijokeu is dilficult to recal even
with four horses) -^B* Ijt lU E3 i^
llil- il)^ yiew
tsue,
Becant, KP 'fa?2 'k'eu
Becede, jH t'e', gjg
ki' t'seh sz' 'mo na
c bi'.
Beceipt, ij^|^ seu ta?i, 3^- scu p'iau'.

REO
Eeceive, ^ 'zeii, $^ 'ling zeu', (re-
ceive with respect) ^f^ tsih do',
(receive fovour) ^>^l inung un, i^
tiih un.
Kecent, S*^ sing 'sie;^, yj^i 'giiin
le.
Eecipe, jf'f' fong 'tsz.
Eeciprocal, mA^ ngu' siang, siaiig.
Eecite, ^ pc', -^ man'.
Eeckless, )MJ^^'\U 'ta dir' veil p'6',
(fears not the law) :^S2f^ veil
wo' wong fall.
Eeckon, ^|5 su' tsang-, nun', f[
'tang axiir,
Eecline, H*T^ k'wun' 'au Ic.
Eecognize, pjcr^ niung* zdli, (do you
or not) p^^ suh veh sub
Eecollect, p(i -f-^
'siang 'k'i 16.
ki' tiili, igS^
Eecommend, ^J^j 'ku tsie?;', f^ 'pan
'ku.
Eecompence, ^;^|^ pau' yimg', (good
actions have a good recompence and
evil actions an evil recompence) H
l)au' oh 'yeu oh pan'.
Eecompense, (to) ^-^ pau' tali, ^i
pau' ynng', (favour) >^, pan' un, (re-
ward good and punish ^Yickedness)
M H' HS 'song 'ze vah oh.
Eeconcile, JfttU ^^o^i ^'^'^
^'^', M 'h^^^^,
/fpi siang/m, (imite to reconciliation)
15AfnBi k'ioM' niuii 7m nioh,
(talk about) |^. 'kong hu.
Eecondite, ft^
VJir au' niiau", i^ sun
Eecord, (a name) pQ ^ ^^
ming
(merits ond faults) Jljj^ k un"; ku'
i)G
11 EF
(bear record) fSf^iE
tsung'.
tsu' iie'
Eecover, (from sickness)

KEF
(does it refer to us?) MV
5S k^van i' 'iigu
'ni ni?.
lie.' niung
'tsz, (gold and silver) *M'M^^^
ton' Ueir kiim iiiuii, (retlne men's
Eefi^e! (silver) "*Sil^ i
minds by afflictions) }^'^M'M
J^ilj* 'i 'k'u nun' Wen' niun sing. \
Eefit, i^li sieu 'pu, I15:f^ seutsob. i
Keflect @S^ tsnng tsob, j^S tsue
'siang, S, sz 'siang, (ligbt) RM
jt^ 'fa?i tsau' kwong bang'.
Keflection, (of a mirror) ^^ kiung'
tsau'.
Beform, \LX1E 'k^ tsnng', llllig .r6
'k^''/' ll^v'''^
(leu, i|CtU
Eefraction, %M. kwong t's6.
Kefrain, (from smoking) 5[!cffl
^a'
,ie, (from eating) *1P^Pwn'
'k'eu veb k'iub.
Refresh, ^M- o we', ^ftj
'pu ill 'pii tsing zun, (men
I \
's minds) I
Wt^Aib 'l'i yob niun sing, (re ,
fresb witb coolness) ;;^7R;;^'^
bang
k'wii' bang k'vviV.
Refuge, ^#f@iiii:fr d;jsunk.V di' I
fong, (from danger) jSlt bi' na' !
ku' di' fong, (take refuge bere) 5$ j
J-JLjIfcJili dau na;i' 'Ul 't'sz di'.
Refugees, -ilJ^ na ming
A dau naw kii' niun.
Refund, (money) ipjJlK^ be ivan
dung die.
Refuse, j^^l t'6 k'iab, $^ t'6 dzz,
(lirndy refuse) Hlff ku' dzz, (re-
fuse consent) ^jW\eh 'b'ii, JMJ^
veb yung' dzung.
Refute, gx^J p6Ii 'tau.
'
Eegain,
^^^mce)
i dzue
| j^^^^^^^
| ^^^.^^^
REJ
3^f# i^ tub, (a city) jU^
t'V/^ ^m zinis sen voli, (a form-
^1flffi
k'6 voh nio
Kegard, ^ ku', (condescendingly) ^
ku', (not even regard life) *|3E
^Jil^J sing' ming' 'a veb ku',
(not regard otbers) ^M^AA veh
'li l)ib niun.
Regenerate, BS:8|5^ff 'ke 'gieu
dzung sing, H^lil^ tsc' sang
t'seb le, Sf jS "ig '^'^zau.
Kegeneration, ^^ kung sung, S
dzuns suns:.
1^:1 seb tsung' wong.
Regimen, gl) j^ tsib diV.
Regiment, (camp)
yung, (division)
i^^^O^if iu U' dr fon;
k:V.
Register, Hit t'sub, v^i- bvV
I Register,
|
du, IS 'pa^^
r -TflH. '^'
(to) JlA J W ^^^''^
ting t'sab.
il paw
, .j^, ^ ^ ^ zong niun
Regret, gfi^ yeu man', )5ti "^i
tsiau.
b^v6'
Regret, (to) fetk bun',
au
liwc'', (it is to be regretted) Pj 'la
'k'6 sib.
Regular, f^if
to fong, ^#W
f,^ 'tsing 'tsing 'yeu diau.
Regulate, 19M diau 'li, fp dzz 'li, (a
family) WM dzi kia, (one's self)
fl^J^ sieu sun.
Regulations, ^fS tsang dzung,
^ H
fab du', f^^lj diau li'.
^'""
Reject, ^
k'i'feb, Mk'i'dzih.

98
IIEL REN
Keign, ^'S. u-c ivoug, ^Jlf 'zu
t'ie?i an', ^X.\l[ 'zu kiang sa/i.
Eejoice, Wi^ liw6 'h'i. |SI 'h'i loh,
Eeiterate, (orders) ^HP^tPft tsc' san
fnn lu'.
Eelate, fjl^
dzcw soh.
Eelated, /fB |S siang kwa.
Eelations, iftifX t'sing t'sih, ^ t'sing
z6h, ^ t'sing kio', (the five hnman
relations) ^itt '"^ ^^n, A niun
Inn, (on the father's side) ^M^,
kweh nioh tsz t'sing.
Kelative, (on father's side) ^il dong
.
.1 , N :*: , X,. Eemedy, i
t'sing, (on mother's) ^ 'pian t'smg. | .^
I _ , ^/--a^ , '^/^T , , , Vn
Kelax, BliC fong' sung, %Hr k'^ew
Eelease, p^jf^ k'c snh, j|^ k'e fong',
snh fong',fi| 'ka k'e.
Eelent, |5I^>65 fah 'nii3; sing
dzang, ^]S^ veh nu'.
Eeliance, (that on which we rely) ^
Jl k'an' den, # k'au' bong', jj/f
ftJEf0 'ii k'au' t'okku', (act of
relying, my hope) f-SfH^HS '"g'i
ku' 'tsz vong', ^ k'an' etc.
Belies, (of Bnddha) ^^!] so' li, (in
Sanscrit) sharira.
Eelieve, (the poor) Pj^'^
tseu tsi.
Eeligion, ^P^ kiau' mnn, (three) jr.
r. ^ sa kian', (Confucianism) '^ zu
kian', (Buddhism) ^^ snh kiau',
(Tanisi^) jS 'dan kian', (Catholic)
3CZE t'ie?i 'tsu kian', (Protestant)
fll^w,^ ya. su kian', (Mahommedani-
sm) in [fil tvd ?te kian'.
Keligious, J^|^ giew znng.
1 Eemember,
Eelisli, 5^Ji; mi-' dan', | tsz mi', (to
relish it) ^'^ 6* gi mi'' dan'.
Eeluctant, ^'[flS veh dzing niow*.
Eely, i^m 'i k'au', ^ 'i dzaiig', M
'i 16', % k-Iu' foil, II dzih, 1$
z/.'.
Eemain, (in office) ^i^ lien znn',
(remain over) f^ijHF^ znng' 'an le,
f^ y^ 'an le.
Eemainder, 0\]lj\ znrg' den, fj; yil
den, ;;^ dzang den.
Eemarkable, ^ t^* "^^ h'i gi 'ku kwa',
^''^ 1' dzang.
;;:aS fongfah, (for a disease)
^/m
^f tlzz

Kent, f4 tsu,
^- vons tsu,
Eent, (to) IB. tsv'i.
REP
$ tsii dien, (of house)
Rent, (torn) t^t}4:S t'sa p'd' 'la
'tse, ^^ so' 'tse.
Eepair, I|^f^ sen tsoli, fif If sieu
'pu.
Kepay, '^Jp^S J^ono; wa;?, P,p bo u-a.
Repeat, (a task) ^^ po' su, (say
again) 45pS tse' wo'.
Repeatedly, ?j-H tso' sa;^ ^^ lu
t^sz\
Repel, Ji5j 'ti bong.
Repent, 'K'l"^ 'au lair', 'J'^| 'an Lw6',
'l^tlJC hwc- 'ke, (of sin) |p liwe'
'dzae,a 'kckus iE5:^>;K# 'k6
oh tvd 'zen, ^JISIfJE
tsung-.
^^'i' '^-'^'^ l^^^*^
Repetition, fiffiflSIJtfS ^.Tzung fuh
ku' sell tvo'-.
Repine, (at providence) ?S5C Y^"'
t'iew.
Replenish, ^^ ziing 'ni6;^,
Keply, ^d.-6 tah, i-g tab yimg',
^i to- tab, (to a letter) fi^ ?t'6 sing'.
Report, (of a charity) IJEffi'tl? tsiing'
sing' lob, (riimoui) S^ fiing sung,
(idle report) p^s" yaii i/ien, (a
sound, a noise) ^^/b'iang sung.
Report, (to) 55f^ t'ungpau', (to the
emperor) ^BJJM'i^ tseu' ming
wong ti',
Repose, j^ jg, o;? sib.
Repose, (to) %.,%, b'ihslb.
Represent, J^: |U ^^ yung yung tseb
99
16, (in speaking) ^r^ dzun sob,
^^ Q 'piau ming bah, (a charac-
RES
ter on the stage) flt^jl'tsongpa;?'.
Representation, J]?^ yung ziang'.
Repress, !}^^ dan yah, ^{Jt kong
voh, rfy'^ ydb sob, jti 'tsz
dZLl'.
Reprieve, qictfe
Reprimand, ;^ffij
if-'^'i- kiob.
tsah bo'.
Reprint, "^^l} dzung k'ub,
Reproach, (to) ^^^ tsab mo', ftj
tsab b6', (without) ISJfiligg
vu tie vu z6b.
Reprove, j^l^ 'tsz tsub, tJltfi kw6
kie;^', |i[ dzub kie', (one's prince)
MlWi kie' kiun.
Reptile, jffTiB#7$- ^o yung kiV
meh zz'.
Repudiate, ^pJS veh niung', 5^ffC
t'6' h'ieu.
Repugnant, (to feelings) Z^'M'^ veh
to' 'kiung, ^^M veh tsung' i'.
Repulse, ^JjiS 'tang t'6'.
Reputation, q^ ming sang, 5^
ming k'i', (to lose) Pi{xffi?L '^
meh mie' 'k'ung.
Request, ^^ gieu, ^Ijt vung' 't'sing,
(leave of absence) "tafEi kau' ka',
(an edict) ^ 't'sin g 'tsz.
Require, M,M ^i y^i^gS ^ yan',
(oblige him to) 5SS'# 'k'iang
yau' i.
Requisite, >i5^^-ffi pili^ su yau'
yung'.
Requite, ^^^ pau' tah, |B pau'
yung'.
Rescue, J^^|c 'tsung kieu', jjc kieu'
bah.
Resembling, 40 f^ siang ziang', (there

j-:s
is no resemblance) ^ veil /.ians',
(it resembles) i% ziangS {#,
long feh.
Eesent, f&^ ban yci;/.
Resentment, ^5{Ct yow' k'i-'.
Eeserve, ^"^ dzun lieu.
Keside, ]_ dzu-'.
Eesidence, (my) Hjii:^ bi'
Jl^'i 'bi longS (bouse) i^T^ ^"^"g
'tsz.
Residue, #,|ijT3^fia ^'^ ^-^^"S' '^^
100
16 k.V. !
Resign, (office) ^f;jC fe b'ieu, (for a
time) ^jP;| kau' kiV, (on account |
1 Restitution,
of age) "^^ kau' Man, (on account >^
I ^ I
of sickness) ^"^
kau'' bing
Resin, ^h^ sung b'iang, Sl zu'
kau.
== ^ '-'",, _^
Resist, \^\% 'ti 'tong, Jf gu' dzir,
itJcK dib fell.
Resolve, :i:S lib ding' 'tsu i^ |
Resolved, '^^^.^'^^ tsz' i' kie ]
ding' 'tse.
Resources, (mental poAver) /$*-^ 'pun |
zz', (metbods) yjiTi fog f^^i-
k'wt;/ i 'bang nyib,
Respond, MM ynng' dzeu, 7^ yung'
dzung, -^ tab yung', (tins one sings
and tbat one responds) jlfc^'pSfO
't'sz t'song' 'pi 7m.
Responsible, (be is) 1^51^ van'
TKim a 1 yaii' ta;;! tong.
(y^"0 Rest, :S S o sib, ^ bing o.
(i
resource) nfeg; m fab, P,%^fiif
5. nc' hu.
Respect, ^j|5 kung kiung',
kiun g- I
dzung', (written paper) '|o'^>|K \
kiung' sih zz' 'tsz, (the superior man
respects bimself) ^""T'SM kiun
'tsz zz' dzung'.
Respectable, "fl^M't'l mie'.
Respecting, (tbat matter) Fli^ JlJ'^^S
^tS bin' tau' i tsong zz' 't'i.
IRespire, j^JJK, t'eu' k'i'.
Respite, (grant two days) Jifj^M
| Rest,
j
I
|
Restore,
I
Resurrection,
| Retail,
to, (awbile) 1^ -g^h'ib ib b'ib,
(rest on) ^^,^ bing zah, ^ k'au-
zah.
Restless, ^jfe tiau bi, >5^^S
sing veil bing on, '[jic bwong.
(make) Rp^^ be 'pi'i.
?^
^^
wn, p,p be wsin, (his
life) ^^f^fg^^ kieu'iit.-eh'ts6;i
le.
Restrain, ^^^ JJ^^i sob, ^pJ ku sob. ^
'k\yen sob, (one's self) S ^^^
P ;^
zz' ka, t'sau dzz zz' ka.
Restrict, (in time) |! H -f //a;?'
ding' nyib 'tsz.
Result, II {^ kwa?? i', (cause and) B
:^ yun 'ku, (consequence) ^J^
.sen dzang, f|| sen sau.
Resuscitate, (bim) H&^S^fS kau'
i v6h treb.
iM,^ v6b sung, fj vob
^'"e^^-
^^M. li"g s HA^h
lit^S tsu' 'siau sang i', (retailer)
JKJ^ fa'7m.
Retain, J|^" sen lieu, T3^ lieu 'au
16.
Retard, ^M ta;?
y'len, M ^^^z yie;?.
Retinue, $^^iUA kun dzung ku'

101
11KV iiui
Retire, (from office) 5f/fC t'u' liMeu^
(from the front) /^MS k-''^ ^iS (^^^-
dest'.y) Jfll k'ien t'e'.
Eetired, ^ fJ yeu dzing-.
Eetract, ^C P 'ta 'k'eii.
Eetribution, ffijf; pair yuiig'.
Return, ||^ 'tsew 16, HI tve nadn
]6, ^ bell 'taoH 16, 4^ zie 'tsc 16,
B^ kw6 ?r6, (home) B^ kii k'i',
(return to the world from being a
monk) j%'^ u-nn zoh.
Eeveal, M/ctS muh y.yJ, PgigJC^H
TT*
I'''' 'ti 'li 'tsz zz'.
Eevenge, ^^fi pair dzeu.
Eevenue, MI9; fu' siie=, Bl?||fl^
koh dii' tsing" 'h'iang, (customs)^
^ sue' niun, (land revenue) ^^M
zie;< liang.
Eevere, ^i^ kung kiung'.
Eeverence, JH"l3|^ s6h dzing', J^>JJ
gie sing, ^x kiung* gie;i.
Reverie, (be in) H2s ^h mi, iJJ^Q,
^>\> sing 'wong ziang' w6'.
Eeverse, /fSSfj" siang tc^ ^SjlR 'tan
'fa;/.
Reverse, (to) 1mI||3^ w6 'ts616^K
'fan 'ts6>i le, 'Sj 'tau 'tse;j 16.
Revert, (to its original) If 1^171^]^
k\v6 we 'pun ui6, f^ vuh nio.
Review, (military) ^|^ t'sau Wen',
(examine) ^.!|5 dz6 nie;/'.
Revile, JrJ '1i\v6 pong', ,F^A m6'
niun.
Revise, ^pT kiau' ting', HjlJ saw
ting'.
Revive, fKR v6h h'iung.
Revolt, JS5|^ hdn niuh, jaS 'z^u
'fan.
Revolve, ^|$ ziew 'tsc/?, f^^ hiii
'tscy;, 5iii 't.se>('. yiin'.
Reward, jp[ 'song, J^ 'song sz'.
Rheumatism, ^B^^ kwehdeut'ung',
(in the shoulder J^ -J^ kie fung.
Rhinoceros, 1^"^ si nieu.
Rhubarb, ^^ da' wong.
Rhyme, h^ yim', J^ yim' kiali.
Ribs, B:f355'i'l^^l^angkweh.
Ribband, fff ta'.
Rice, (growing") %\^ dau', (uncooked)
^f^ 'mi, (boiled) |ji va'.
Rich, "g fu', (to become) l^flt fiih
dz6, (a rich man) {U*^ dz6 'tsii, ^
dze ung, (riches and honour) ^^
fu' k\v6'.
Riddle, ^55 'run 'nii.
Ride, (a horse) ^Wj gi 'mo, (in a
carriage) ^^ zu' t'sc^iu a sedan)
'1^ zii' giau'J
Ridge, (of a house) ^J^ vong tsih,
(of the back) '^## P

RIS
right) H:^ ni' ping, (riglit feeling)
IEM tsiing= k'iS (not right) ^
-^ veh 'zz, ^JE veh tsungS ^
^IftiE veh Aeh dzing 'ii.
Eighteous, 5V^ kung ni', (in theo-
log.y complete in virtue) ^j^yhm |
'zi'y* vu peh 1)6-, (with out sin) P||
JS.PPi^ix^ m meh 'dzue m meh
Eighteousness, (in theology complete
^^e
virtue) ^^fSSfr zie;i ku'
tuh yung', (impute) WM t'sung
niS (impute righteousness to hhn)
S'fi^^ll t'sung
i tvo nV.
Eigid, (in governing) SM i^''^'^
'kiun, (in adhering to) Hfi^ji t'ih
giun' tsz, (unbending) ft ft ngang'
tseh, tseh ding= tsz, (physically)
W^$l wa^e veh 'tsew, ^ k'ioh
veh 'tsc-'^. ^
Eim, jj pie.
King, ig gwaM, (for finger) ^Jg ka'
'tsz, (iron) fe t'ih gwau, (brass)
Eing, (to) ^Tii 'tang tsung, Ji| k'au
tsung, (hand-bell) J^lp yau ling,
Eingleader, "Ji |3 deu m6h.
Einse, (the mouth) Jif^ P s6k 'k'eu,
Ifl
koh 'k'eu.
Eip, (open) pfjlifl p'eu' k'e.
Eipe, ^Jj zoh.
Eipple, (on water) 7K$^ 'sz vun.
Else, i^M 'k'l deu, g 'kl to,
(there is a rise m price) 'fTny:5
:^ hong zing 'tsang 'tse.
Else, to, (in promotion) ^ sung (in
baking) ^^i^^ fah 'k'i le, (getting
102
Eisk,
ry OL
up early) Vr-^ t'siiig
'tsau -k'ila .
(of water) ^ 'tsang, (of rising from
tlie dead) ?Ef]^'fgfg 'si ts/ lau
voli -eh, JEltiifXife 'sz rh v6h
sung (stand up) S|c
16k 'Iv'i le.
(life) l/t^^ p'ing ming', (dan-
ger) g 1^ mau' 'h'ie?i.
Eite, )il Mi, ^ Mi su--.
Eival, fpit tc' deu.
Eiver, Jpf An, '/i kong, (small) \^
pang.
Kivet, lElj gii' ting,( basins) }{^
tab ^icdfi.
Eoad, SS-luS 3^ hr' du, jg dau' hV.
Eoam, ^MMl'M
yeu.
Eoar, PgB| bauh'iau.
Eoast, f^< hungS Ji^ k'au-'.
Ivok t'su-' 'tseu
Eob, Jt* 't'siang dob, JTilJ 'tang
'
kih.
Eobber, 5'S giang dau', PJ^ dzuh.
Eobe, f^ -^ ban tsz, (court robes) ^
JJK zau voh, (emperor's dragon robe)
^^ lung bau.
Eobust, SSjIi giang tsong, ^ giang
gie'.
Eock, ^5 ^ 2uh.
Eod, ^ kiin, (fishing) pj tiau' kii^e,
^M^^
'kwuu 'tsz.
Eogue, (slippery ) ^^^ kwong 'kwun,
'^iiflSA tiau bi ku' niun.
Eoll, ^ kiow', (of cloth) -"/E^ ih
p'ih pu', (picture mounted on a roller)
*#t ih gioh no', (of bread) |i
3M. iiiew deu, ^Q mie?i' pau.
Eoll, tOj (transitive) ^ kio;r', (intran-
sitive) ^'{M. 'tang 'kwun, (roll about)
iM'^tU^ 'kwun Ic 'kwun k'i'.
*

103
KOU KUL
Holler, (for picture) ^fjl "l^i^$^'2 niohiii hwy.
Eot, ^"SJii 'li'ieu laS
J la' wa'.
Eote, (say lessons by) ^IL|3c po'
kuug
k u'.
Eotten, jifij'vutra', JJ:^
'tse.
t^-d-* 'la
Eove, (idly) u^TSt han yen, (roving
bandits) "Sfclfeii lieu dzuli, {rove
through the world) |g.rt&tt#
Jl p'iau lieu 'la sz' ka' long'.
Eouge, (red dye for silks) fl@Jj^ i/ien
tsz.
Eough, (in manners) |J. t'su 'Iti,
(rough copy) J^|j^ 't'sau 'l^au.
Bound, J] yon.
Eonse, P-4S kiau' 'sing, ^ 'kiung
j
I Eoute,
I Eouted,
I Eow,
iMS kill fah, (the spirits)
f4#tt# 'teu 'seu tsing zun.
52" hV.
tT^Kft 'tang tsz ba'
tsang'.
f} hong, Jl^ ba
Eow, to,

SAD
Euminate, (chew cud) '(JilPg 'tau
ziah, (meditate) S^Jl az '.siaiig, j[S
tsiie sz.
Eumour, SkM fung sung, pij fdng
vun, ?t!r,> siau sili.
Kun, -& -'bau, (run out) | leuS (run
a race) Mj 'ban 'mo.
Rush, fiff bu, (mats) J$ bu zili. i
Eush, to, (against tlie scafFoldiug) ft |
^^? zong' zah luV 'tsz.
Eut, (of a cart) 5|.|: t'so t'seli. !
s, abbath, ;gf ,g, H o^^- sili nyili, (wor-
sliip day) |i?f H Mi pa= nyili,
(Lord's day) ^ 'tsii nyih.
Sable-skin, |p .[^ tiau bf.
Sack, U^ 'k'en do'.. ^ noiig.
Sack-cloth, ftfl^ mo pu-'.
Sacrament, ^JJlS sung' 'If, (tlie seven
Romanist) -tSS^ t'sili rang'
'ri -1' ^"'' '^'' ^''^^'''^^^^^'>^^) ^ I
104
SAL
Saddle, (to a liorse) jJHJ^ bo' 'mo,
J-
-m'J^ 2ong-' o
'^/'' V
#ig^@'liangy. ang' suiig*
^ij ?rc' li-.
'Ji.
Sacred, ^ sung', (edict) f|f sung' u,
(books) $^ sung' kiung, ^' sung' sii,
(emperor) ^ sung' 'tsu.
Sacrifice, ^ tsi', |E tsi' zz', H tsr'
'li, (burnt) f^ y-dn tsi'.
Sacrifice, (to) jS!(^)iiB h'ie;i' tsi' zz',
Sacrilege, (to holy places) flifig |
Sake,
'tsz,
Sadness, 'g pvj yen ra\-n '
.
Safe, ^'g 't'u tong, |^J 'wmi tong,
(fix safely) /^ diug' 't'u tong, (safe
profits) Jtf, 'wun dza;r'.
Sagacious, ^^^f$M 'yen tsz' avc'
ku-', ,fpJ-0J] tsing ming.
Sagacity, Snj|fg|^ tsingming nung
ku;r.
Sage, ;^-A sung' niun, (sages) R
yV suno-' iiiun 7/ie niun.
Sail, :ii; bung, (hoist) tit t'sa biJiig,
-JU. ^ii'ibung, (lower) -^ loh bung,
T 'an bung, (raise sail) fftlft yang
vu/v, (sail cloth) ^ bung pu'.
Sail, to, (a boat) ff^ /,ang 7.6n.
Sailor, 7jC^ 's. 'sen, ^fjl&fi ya
zcn ku'.
Saint, (chirstian) ^^ sung' da,(Con-
fucianist) A sung^ niun, (Tauist)
J^A tsun niun.
(for sake of) ^^ ..e', (for gain)
Salammonic, {jS'Q/ 'lu so.
Salad, ^|g sang t'se'.
^
Salary, (fi-om tlie emperor) '^;]t^
fang' loh, (of a teacher, bundle of dri-
ed fish) J^flf s6k sieu. ^ sieu
kiun, (fuel and water) $7jC sing
'sz, ^ sing fling'.
^ Sale, (not on (to ancestors) f^Jflll^ tsi' 'tsu
tsung.
):^ W voh ma', (no
sale
l[li sih doll sung' di'
Sad, ^^ yen dzeu, (very) ^-^
^ k'i' mun' 16 'si,
Saddle, l^-fi On 'tsz, ,P^ 'mo ,j;?.
fo,^> \\M.^jK ^^Li dzang.
Saleable, Bl 11 mmg ma', Y#Ulfi
ma' tub t'seli ku'.
Saliva, \%'^^
dzan t'l'i'.
Sallow, (face) ]^uil ^r-'Ug mie?r.

105
SAP SAW
Salt, ^ y'leny (salt merchant) ^
yxen k'ah.
Salt, (in taste) ^ Aaw.
Salt, (to) it yiGn,
Saltpetre, '{^ siau.
Salvation, (doctrine of) ^AfB^
J^ kieu* ninn kii* 'dan 'li.
Salutation, P3iiyF{@m& mun' 'hau
seh wo'. ,
Salute, (by shaking the folded hands)
>gEg t'song z6', (by uplifting the
folded hands) ^^ kong 'seii,i(by
prostration) SJA-SmK
k'eh deu. ^
to' niun
Same, (kind) '/^ihyang', (same day)
""^ f:H "41 i^ ^^'^' nyih 'tsz, (in most
things the same) ycIpU'*^ Cla'
dung 'siau i' (same in meaning)
;S^|p| i' sz' siang dung.
Sample, 'tjc'J* yang' 'tsz.
Sanctification, (become sanctified) ^
dzuug sungS WiMWA tsu'
kih zing' niun.
Sanctify, 15^A>^I&kiau' niun dzung
sung', kiau' niun tsu' kih zing' niun.
Sanction, (to) it^^ '3'un 'tsun.
Sand, J^ so, (moving) S lieu so,
(bank) '}8 so t'aw,
Sandals, (straw shoes) I^Q 't'sau JiL
Sandal-wood, fe/fC da moh, @ dan
h'iang moh deu.
Sanguinary, ^UcAfB
kii'.
c' sah niun
Sanguine, I4^ sing' kih, jfil^^
im
h'ioh k'i' tu kiV.
Sanhedrim, 4:+fi^S# t'sih
seh 'tsang 'lau kur.g ivd'.
Sanscrit, jr^'^ v;\)) 7jie>/.
3rp, (o* tree,-) J^^^ taz kau, ^ff* ^u-'
tseh.
Sapper, ffiJ!iTIS?'[SIf@
wall dung' ku'.
Sapan-wood, |7fC su moh,
di' 'ti 'au
Sapphire, 3^ pih nioh.
Sarcasm, JiJAf^KfS t'sz' niun kiic
seh w'6'.
Sarcenet, IS"? ling 'tsz.
Sash, # sun, ^ ta', (girdle) ^^
'rff soh yau ta'.
Satchel, ^^ su de'.
Satellite, ^pfrM 'siau Aang sing,
'siau sing, ^ nioh, j^J vu' Aang
sing ku' 'siau sing.
Satiated, fS 'pan, JE 'pau tsoh.
Satin, JS"?* d^^^' 'ts^-
Satirical, ^HJlJAfH
niun kii'.
6' ki t'sz'
Satisfaction, (make him) ^fiMj^ff
'pu %vsin tsz i, lip bo 'pu tsz I.
Satisfy, (appetite) jfc JIL t'sung ki, fl^
IS k'iuh 'pau.
Saturated, MjS^ sah t'eu' 'tso.
Savage, (wild) $f 'ya, (cruel) ^^
dzaw zun, ]^ h'iung.
Sauce, ^ tsiang', fS/fil- diau liau',
(saucepan) pM
ku' kwew* deu.
^?SMdiaut's^'
Saucer, 5^"^ dih tsz, (boat shaped)
^jUS
dz6 z6w.
Saunter, ^^ffi 'tseu beh siang', ^
^1 yeu h'i'.
Save, iSc kieu', ^ kicii' tsi', ^^ 'tsung
kieu', MllM ^'sau du', ^^ 'pau
dziew.
Saviour, J^fc^ kieu' 'tsu.
Savour, ^iM "ii'

106
sen SCPv
ku' mob deu, (sawdust) pfC^ moh
sih.
Say, iS ivo\ ^ sob, (to bim) ^ r^
^
IvaiV su' i.
Saying, (common) "^pp
zob 'nii.
Scabbard, f^'^ siau' 'tsz, ijlQ t'au.
Scaffold, ^^, ka' 'tsz.
Scale, (balances) 5C^ t'iew bing, fl^
t'sung, (of fisb) ,^,i|ng ling, (scale
in tbe eye) j^K kab mob.
Scale, to, (a wall) S J ^^'^^S ziang,
jfSM^ozmig.
Scaling-ladder, JlM 2;ong' zung
t'i.
Scallions, M1^ '^^^^ ^'^^'
Scandal, ^ sieii zob, AfS^tl
sieu zob nimi ku' zz' 't'i, ^-tA^*
fiS:^Mffl*^tl
lau veb vob ku' zz' 't'i.
y'len'-
kau' niun 'za
Scar, f^^ song Aun, 3$ 7mn tsib,
song tsib.
Scarce, HJ^ na?^ 'tsaii, ^i;* 'sau, ^
'bow.
Scarcely, (obtained) M'JM^J'fiS" ^o^g
kong tub zab, f^
k'aw' k'aw' tub
zab, ( enougb) "IMSS 'ki^n keu'.
Scarlet, jfX /^ung, "^> t'sub Aung.
Scatter, ^"4 fun saw', }|iJI3 sabk'e,
(seed) f^ sab 'tsung, 4^ saw' bwo,
(scattered) SII01J: Heu ii sz'
saw'.
Scent, ^ b'iang mi'.
"Sceptical, @>L^ ni sing, ^
Sceptre, ^ kvve, iVi^
Scheme, Wj ^j^ ki' t'sab.
zu i'.
ni ^voh.
Ssheme, (to) Hj ^;\^ du meu, ^ meu
kuw'.
Scholar, (pupil) ^^-J", 7iok sang
'tsz, (educated men) pj^A dok
su niun, 'i^-^, 'zz 'tsz, (class of
scbolars) ^^ zu kiau^
School, ^^ Aob 4ong, 8^11. su
'kwew, (charitable) ^ ni' hoh,
(school of Confucius) ^LPj 'k'ling
mun.
Schoolmaster, :$fc^ slew sang, 8^^
fl^ kau' su ku'.
Schoolmistress, ^^fc^
sang.
'nli slew
Science, ^^Wi"^^ ^^^ tsz' tsz yah,
(of astronomy) 5c3C t'iew vun, (of
numbers) ^^ su' yah, (of light)
p^ kwong yah.
Scissors, ^ JJ 'tsiew tau.
Scoff, ^^ b'i' siau'.
Scold, ^ mo'.
Scoop, to, (a bole in tbe ground) S Jb
U wall di' k'ang.
Scope, SCiS i' sz', i^ p 'tsung 'tsz.
Scorch, S h'iiin, ^j? 't'sau, ,^, tsiau.
Scorn, JS'S k'iung maw', ^ k'6w'
k'iung.
Scorpion, JU; b'ib, ^ h'ih 'tsz.
Scoundrel, ^S kwong 'kwun.
Scour, 'iS dau.
Scourge, 5$iJ^ t'iew tso.
Scout, ^.f@A few t'ing ku' niun.
Scrape, ^'ij kwab, (smooth) ^ kwab
bing.
Scratch, jf^ po, 4R 'tsau, ^ tsau, (I]
?rab.
Screen, MM ^ing f^ng,
Screen, (to) p^^ tso k6=, ^ tso pi',
^i
tso 'yiew.
Screw, (cork) '^ff, tsz tsuw', (nail)
4>

SEA
liMUiS ^^ sz ting.
Scribe, f^^ de' pih, S^f@ 'si^ zz'
ku-'.
Scriptures, S$M sung' kiung, w
sung' su.
Scror, ^U kiow' gioh.
Scrub, 'i/tJM 'si seh.
**
Scruple, ^>J^ ni sing.
Scrupulous, iS^^IKS va 'su M ni.
Scrutinize, ^'^ 'k'au dzo t'sah.
kieu', S?^
Scull, (of a boat) ^@ 'lu, (of
person) 'fS*^ k'u leu kweh.
Scull, to, (a boat) ^j|S yau 7en.
Sculptor, ^E tiau dziang'.
a dead
Sea, ^ 'he, (bottom of) ig 'h6 'ti,
(shore of) J
Seaman, 7jC^ 'sz 'seu.
Seaport, ^ P 'he 'k'eu.
Seaweed, i^'i^ 'h6 ta'.
'he piew, ^ 'h6 t'a.
Seal, (an animal) ^f| 'he lung,
(stamp) ^;^ du tsang, ^ du su,
PP yun' tsang, (imperial seal) HS
koh 'sih, (seal character) j^3C
dz6' vun.
Seal, (to) JTPP 'tang yun', ^ ke'
yun', (a letter) ^ n fung 'k'eu, ft
fung sing', (seal up a door) f^ fung
mun.
Seam, (straight) jlt^ dzuh vung',
107
(cross) -J^ wang vung', (mend a rent
seam) ^H^^ sieu 'pu p'li'
dza'.
Sear, ^ tsiau.
Search, ^ gieu.
^ niih.
ix 'tsau, ^ zing,
Season, (use in its) fl$i^Jl^ zz /ieu'
long' yung', (four seasons) HBIf
SED
sz' zz, ^ sz' kl', (fruit in season) ^^
^
zz 'ku.
to, (food) f3^^diau /m
Seasonable, 'S*^ /ieh yung', JE'S*
^9^ tsung' Aeh gi zz, jE^ tsung'
'hau, (seasonably) '['p if hah 'hau.
Seasoned, (timber) ^/f^lR kuw moh
deu.
Seat, ffifjL zu' w;e'.
Secluded, (in situation) i^^ 'lang
dzing', ^ 'lang loh, j^ pi' dzing'.
Second, ^Zl di' ni', (month) ^^
urh' nioh, (a second of time) "^pp
ih miau'.
Secret, |2^ pi' mih, Pg^J e^' 'ti
'li, ( merit) I^Jy yun kung, (
plot) ^1^ 'yun meu.
Secretary, (to a mandarin) Bipj^ szya^
Secrete, ^ zong, Jj^ k'ong', (lay
ambush) Syi^ ma voh.
Secretly, ^ZST" sz 'ti 'au, (trans-
mitted) 12 i pi' dz6, fUft-^t'eu
bc' tsz.
Sect, ^f^
kiau' mim.
Section, (of a book) ^ tsang, (of
bamboo) fjf tsih, (a slice) j=p p'iew'
(of a novel) lU w;e.
Secular, Ift^ Jlf@ sz' ka'.long' ku'.
't'li Securi, ^^ tong, ^f 'wun
tong.
Secure, (to) "fS 'pau.
Security, 'R^A 'pau niun, (shop keeper
as security) f p'u' 'pau.
Sedan-chair, ^^ giau' 'tsz.
Seduce, 5ilf 'yiin yeu', ilS t'so^^
tub, ^jEPg t'iau SU; S15C mi '^^''

SEL
(be seduced) Jt^ 'zong tong'.
Sedulous, WjM, giun 'kiun.
See, ^ k'ow', (through) 3^ k'on' t'eu',
Seed, fH 'tsung, ^ 'tsung 'tsz, (Icer-
nel) tl niun, (stone of fruit)^ ivoh,
(offspring) -f^ 'tsz sun.
Seek, ^^ gieu, ^ zing, (seek gain)
p] ^ij du li^
Seem, ^ff^ 'hau ziangS (seem will-
ing) 7i^J:;:-#f@ kwong 'kiung
'zz 'k'ung ku'.
Segment, fy p'iew'.
Seize, J^ tsoh zah, fi#: giun no-
Seldom, (see) |Sf#^^ nawtuhk'ow/
kiewS (comes) :^icK3^ veh da'
'Ji le.
Select, -gg jg 'ka 'sie;?, ^ 'ka;^ dzuh.
Self, g^zz'ka, ia# t'sing sun,
(what you wish not yourself do not
to others) ^PJi:T^&i^MMA
'ki 'su peh yoh veh s?. yii niun, (self
examination) g^^t^g^ zz'
ka 'sing t'sah zz' ka, (respect one's
self) H Jlzz- zung', (kill one's self)
S^S zz' sah zz', (selfexistent)
^f&M^
'
zz' zon urh ye u, (re-
proach one's self) g ^ g /z' tsah
zz'.
Selfish, MQM wo' zz' ka, ^E,
w6' 'ki, (selfish desires) ^j;^ sz
yoh, (he is selfish in tlie extreme)
p.mu^m^mmiA tseh
'h'lau tuh zz' ka, veh 'h'iau tuh bih
iiiun.
Sell, ;g mu', E ma' t'eh, (by auction)
P4 kiau ma', (o]d) rWg^ siau
fell '(>,('".
108
SEP
Semblance, ^ J| yung ziang'.
Semicircle, ^gj p6' k'idw.
Semidiameter, ^22 pe' kiung'.
Seminary, 3tft vun \yven, ^ hok
'kwen.
Send, ^Jll 'tang fah, ^ t'sa, (a let-
ter) ^in ki
sing', (send by a
friend) #ftj(f^ t'oh siang 'hau
ta'.
Senior, :g^ 'tsang p6', (to me) i^
'^X-^^ 'pi 'ngu niew 'lau.
Sense, (of seeing) fl k'6n% 0^*g
'ngaw kwe .(five rulers of the sen-
ses) jj*^ 'wu kwcw, (has a sense of
shame) ^M^%MM 'h'iau tuh sieu
't'sz, (meaning) g^g, V sz'.
Senseless, PlJ^^.g m meh i' sz'.
Sensible, (perceptible) fbS^fH
nung koh zah ku', IgiRijgfi nung
t'suh liang ku', (sensible of kindness)
MiJM. 'ken un.
Sensualist, SISSfilit^EScffl
A peh 'la 'tsieu suh dzc k'i* mi tvbh
ku' niun.
Sentence, ^ kii', (beginning of) gg
kii' deu, (end of) ^UP kii' meh
kiah, (pass sentence) ^'lj p'cw*
ding', ^ p'e??' tow'.
Sentinel, ^Mf k'ow' kang ku', jig
^ zing ya' ku'.
Separable, ^ll-i| f@ fun tuh k'e ku',
ft Hi siang
li tuh k'e kiV.
Separate, ^3&f@ fun k'6 'la ku',
Cthat is a separate one)
ling' 'zz ih ku'.
;;: 'f@
Separate, (to) ^\^ fun k'6, \glj fun
pill, (wlicn separated) ftif(S]fl#

SET
li
-f^ siang ku' zz Aeu'.
Separately, (sell) JfM ^'sa^i ma'.
Sepulchre, iRS van mii'.
Sequester, (goods of a criminal) fl^ip
Affl^^Vsau
ka nyih.
'dzue niun ku'
Serene, (sky) Hh 5C zii^S t'iew, (calm)
:^JI^ 6w zing'.
Sergeant, 3H"^S 'ngzehfu 'tsang,
GIS 'p6 'tsuog.
Series, (order) sfejf^ t'sz' zfi', jK^
paw liew, paw t'sz', ppU 'p'ing kill,
tt fr l>ii ^iong.
Serious, ^ yau' 'kiun, (in disposi-
tion) J^;ft* niew s6h, M>& z^S zung
sing, (seriously ill) ^] bins'
dzung'.
Serpent, 4 dz6, (brazen) ^ diing
dz6.
Serrated, (wall) W^^SfSM 'yen
nga 't'sz ku' dzung.
Servant, JB^lFA 'ti 'an niun, ^
yung' niun, (cook) '^^f@ sau va'
ku*, (boy) K6SK kun paft, (chair
coolies) |S$&E giau' paw, (garden-
er) ^ifSMfS ^^'

SHE
(shake heaven and earth)
tsun' dung'.
Shall, )K>^ pih yau'.
m
Shallow, ^M 't'sie?2, (superficial) $
'L'siew giun'.
Shame, ^'tl dza kw6', ^12 sieu
't'sz, ^i^-MM^ veh 'hau i' sz*.
Shame, (to) ^^ sieu z6h, (feel
shame for me) J[})^^'3^ t'a t'sung*
'ngu.
Shameless, ^ElifcJJ niie' bi Aeu', P^
i2;ftffi w meh lie;2 't'sz.
Shape, f^^ yung zong', i%^ mu
yangS '^ yang' suh.
Shapeless, ^"p*-^^ veh heh yang'
suh.
Share, (one) """BS i^i ''^^i '^ i^i
fun, (divide into three shares) ^
H3x fun saw 'ku.
Share, (to) ^ fun, ^ gung' fun,
(share in sorrow and in joy) [^If-J
^151 dung tub 'k'uloh.
Shark, ip^^ so ng.
Sharp, 'Kk'wa^
Sharpen, ^j^ muk'vva'.
Shattered, 5l^Sf@ p'u' so' 'h'l ku'.
Shave, ^ll t'i', (the beard) ^ t'i'
* i'
(the head) BM ^eu.
Shavings, mob /fv'f-ii bwo.
She, ifi i.
Sheaf, (one)
*|H ih 'k'wun.
su,
Shear, (sheep) ^^^ 'tsie yang
mau.
Shears, JJTJ 'tsiew tau.
Sheath, $' siau', f t'au.
Shed, tJB bang, (set up a) f^ tab
bang.
Shed, to, (tears) j^^ lieu 16', 5?
110
k'oli.
SIIO
Sheep, ^ yang, J.^ mie
lH yang k'io;?.
yang,'(fold)
Sheet, Hg^ta^i! bi, (of paper) ^
ffi ib tsang 'tsz.
Shelf, (set on the) JSJi^^ Jt on'
'la kii' 'tsz long'.
Shell, ^ k'oh, (conical winding) 4^
W^> lu sz, lu k'oh.
Shelter, (one's self from wind and
rain) ^H^ bi fung 'yu.
Shelter, to, (unfortunate people)
p5ffiIi.R/'u' pi' naw' ming.
Shepherd, ^^^ mob dung, g^f@
J\. k'o yang ku' niun.
Shield, (long wicker) tf^ clung ba,
(to ward off arrows) j^^fj^ 'tong
tsiew' ba.
Shine, JB;)^ tsau' kwong, |5 fah
kwong, (shines by its own light)
^ zz' ka tsau' kwong, (borrows
light from the sun) fticHfB^
tsia' t'c' yang kiV kwong.
Ship, j| zoM, (ship master) ^ zen
^^) ^yC ^^" 'lau da'. ^
Ship-owner, ;)|SSi zew 'pa 'tsu.
Shipwreck, ^^ sehzo^, ^lE^
ze ?6'

8HR
Shoot, lif^-p 'sz diau tsz, (bamboo
shoots) J^-^ tsoh 'sun.
Shoot, (to) Mm 20k tsienS Ji^
'lii kiing, (with a gun) ]gxig fong'
t'siang, b3 k'e t'siang.
Shop, f|-f p'lV 'ts'/, jS tie/^^
Shopkeeper, f^^ tien' ka.
Shore, ^ uw', (gone a shore) P J^
: 'zong o' 'tse, (on shore) Ji
/^ Jl 'hi o' long', (sea shore) f
^ 'he t'a.
Short, @ 'tow, (of breath) ^ k'i'
'to, (short time) ^^fltfl veh
tiizz /ieu', ^^-J;X:^ib h'ih kiing
fii, (come short of) ^^ veh gili.
Short-comings, ^;^ 'tO^U'su'.
Short-sighted, tfeS^S^ tbS it
nung k'o^e' 'giuu veh nung k'ow'
'yon, (eyes that are) jitlfillS
'giim zz* 'nga.
Shorten, j^fe soh 'to, '(p 'ka'to.
Shot, |p daw.
Should, >^;^ yung ko, "^ yungtong^
S 'li
tong, ketong, RTJ!^ 'k'6 'i^
(should
zik 'sic i.
1^ ^'^_#
Shoulder, ^ kie, ^ kie deu, f^
kie 'pong, (of mutton) ^^"flJiJii
yang nioh ziew 't'6, (shoulder to
shoulder) 3^;^ bing' kie.
Shout, P)J-5S kiau' ha', Pf
liii kiau'.
Show, ^0)J 'piau ming, (to him) j^
^Mw^ 'tsz pell i k'o', (kindness)
Jl.l, sz un.
Shower, (of rain) >J^
p^ ill dzun' 'yu.
'siau 'vu,
Shrewd, W^lS 'yen kie- suh.
Shrill, :^{^ tsie?? sung.
Ill
Sir.
Shrimps, J^ how, (dried) :?[(* how 'mi.
Shrine, (for an idol) fj^^ veh k'm.
Shrink, jg^g t'e' soh, soh,
Shroud, ^P'^4^ pau sz 'seu pu'.
Shrunk, (much) |gf#:^>i? soh tuh
veh 'sau.
Shudder, Hcf^ tse' 'ten.
Shun, i^^ bi' k'e, (shun writing
names of emperors of the present
dynasty) S^ISlf bi'' 'pun dzau
hwe'.
Shut, (eyes) ^BSBf pi 'nga tsing,
(door) II P^ kwaw mun.
Sty, ^ifMlS^ veh 'hau i' sz*.
Sick, >^J| 'yeu bing', ^sangbing',
^jfiS veh suh i'.
Sickness, j^jl^ zih bing', ^ffi bing'
tsung', ^^ tsung* hen'.
Sickle, Si JJ liew tau.
Side, j piew, ^ bong pie, (side
rooms) 1^^ siang vong.
Siege, (lay to a city) SHMffi tt'e
k'wun dzung dzz, (raise) ^ 'kii
we.
Sieve, ffi^ pu ki, s6 (s.), S lu.
Sift, ^}|f puyang, so (sz), (rice)
7(t pu 'mi.
Sigh, ^Mm* t'a/i'
k'i', ,i, t'aw' sih.
Sight, (a fine) iJ'TErg; 'hau kwong
'kiung, ^ 'hau 'kiung tsz', (in
sight) flf#^ k'o;^' tuhkieS g|
w-^" mong' tuh zah.
Sign, I&lj/L ki' Aau', ^ zz'Aau', (shop
sign) ^3) tsau ba, (twenty eight
signs of the zodiac) Il!.~i"A?S
urh' zeh i^ah sieu', (twelve signs) '^"
Zl S ^eh ni' kiing, ^ zeb ni- t'sz'.

'. S
SIM
Sign, (to) #7tB^ 'tang ki' ImiV, ^
ivkh /mu', ^ wAli zz' /mix'-, Jff ah
zz'.
Signal, (hoist a) ffg t'sah piau,
(make a) ^g^g 'tsz hwe, (signal
flag) ^]^ 'piau gi.
Significant, ^M^^ 'yen V sz'-, ^^
BT ri> pan Mn 'h'u tu i' sz'.
Signify, j^jf; 'tsz zz', (what does it
signify) \l^MM& sa= ku' i'sz'.
Silent, Sfc^g* muhmuh vu p\en,
^^^ miih muh veh 'hMang, ^^
pS veh bah tub\ (silent) ^^^
veh yau' 'h'iang, veh yau- bah %v6\
Silently, (think) fj;ig muh 'siang.
Silk, 1^, sz, (Taysaam) ^cS da' dze;?,
(Tsat li) rtll t'sih '11, (Yue fa)
-^lE y('>^* liwo, (Canton pongees)
JRSS kvvong tung dzeii, (wild
silk-worm silk) ^ 'kie
dzeii, (Hii-
cheii silk)S3 ^^^
sz, (silk and satins)
dzeii do;?', (flowered silk) :j2
hwo dzeu, (a ball of silk) H^ sz
g^ieu, (silk stuffing) ^M s^ mie;?,
(silk thread) ,^^ sz sie?j', (silk cord)
f.ll| sz zung.
Silly, 511^ nge 'to, g'| fah hwun,
W *lf[^S 'y^^^ ill 'tiew fling.
Silver, 15^ niun 'tsz, (fish) ^^
niun ng, (smith) | niun dziang'.
Similar, (to this) ISf@-^'fi t'eh
di' ku' ih yang', (they are similar)
wl^ siang ziang'.
Similitnde, y\:if 'pi fong, ^I^ p'i
Simple, ^^ 'lau zeh, ^ p6h zeh,
1^ znng zeh, (simple heart) :f5*>{3
ta?? sing, zung sing, (unmixed) ^
112
SIS
CSSI veh 'hwun zeh.
Simplicity, (fond of) ^^^^^'^
e- su' veh e- vun.
Simply, (just) ^ kiungS ;j;j^ pih
ku'.
Simultaneous, ftl^H^j^ siang dung^
zz Z^eu'i
Sin, 'dzue, Pi ze' ku', (heavy and
grievous) p^g^J; 'dz{ie nyih
sun 'dzung, (original and actual) ]g
fP^iP niow 'dzue 'pun 'dzue, (an
unwitting sin is no sin) yf^UTf^
peh tsz peh 'dzue, (cause of sin) ;fJJ
'dzue kun.
Sin, (to) IB IP Wan 'dzue, (when a
man has sinned against heaven there
is no use in praying) MW^Ji
i^rJiH^^ w'oh 'dzue yii t'iew vii
'su 'tau 'yci
Since, (in time), since the hecfinning
of the ])rcsent dynasty ^^^^
iU^ 'pun dzau k'e koh 'i 16, (in
argument) %%f^ ki' zd^i, (since it is
tJms) :g;inil{: ki' zew 'zz zu 't'sz.
Sincere, W^M ^ung zeh, i^ zung
Sinew, |5 kiun.
Sing, Pg son; t
Single, M i^n.
Singly, -^m f@ ih ku' ih ku',
ft'^fi ih tsah ih tsah, (standing
singly and alone) j|#|^:i tsah
sun doh lih.
Sink, 0i;T^dzun'auk'i', fg dzun
meh, (into perdition) Jj^ dzun lun.
Sir, ^^ 'lau ya, -^^ Bien sang,
^iffi tsun kd', ^S^V siang kung.
Sister, ^^j^ 'tsi me', (elder) fpf a

SKY
'tsi, (younger) mo' mo'. |
Sister-in-law, (elder brother's wife)
P^fi^ ah 'sau, (younger brother's
wives) ^[ilM

SNA
cutUfig to pieces) SW^S^
^ giuh yung ling dzz 't'su Idoli.
114
SOL
Snip, B^^l 'tsie;e don'.
Snov/, 5 sih, (snow white) j^ sih
Slowly, '|
SjJJ ma' 'tiew.
Sluggard, 'M'lf f@A
niim.
ma;i' ma', (a little slower)
'l^n du' ku
Slur, SiiS paw 'tie;?, JfiJ^ ^i^w' ^t'u,
^ tie' 'iiie/?.
Small, >J> 'siau, |H si', {i^ vi.
Smallpox, ^J' den' 'tsz, ^'^Vien
liwo, (have smallpox) {llS"X
t'seh deu' 'tsz.
Smart, '^ t'ung', (ready) fpffjl ling
li'.
Smash, fj"^ 'tang se'.
Smear, ^ du, ^^ du meli.
Smell, ^5ftk'i'mi=.
Smell, (to) ^ viin, P^ p'un.
Smelt,. 'ft hwo', |^ yung, |]^^ siau.
Smile, ^ siau'.
Smith, I^Jk. dziang' niun, HI k'ing
dziang'.
Smoke, j|@ 7/ie??.
Smoke, (to) P^^'JtH k'iuli yiew, (opium)
S&}t k'iuh a p'iew', (to smoke clo-
thing) ^^^ h'iuw i zong.
Smooth, '}'*|* wah, ^ bing, ;) kwong,
kwong ?rali.
Smooth, (to) 5?^ ^i-^"S' ^ing; M ^iali
bing.
Smother, ^;^ ^jien sail.
Smuggle, {^^ leu' siie' (into the
interior) ^^ A. ft till
sz zeh ne' di'.
Snake, ^jf z6, (poisonous) -^ doh z6.
Snare, |El kio;? t'au', ^ ki
k'a)2, (net) ippf 'mong.
Snatch, Jg 't'siang.
Ldli.
Sno\7, (to) ^ lok sih.
Snuff, ^jtg bih ^jien, (bottle) jf^ bih
yien bing.
Snuff, (a candle) MffitH^E 'tsie
t'eh lah hwo,
So> ^ffitb zehko- nung, zehke', ^H
Jifc zu 't'sz.
Soak, ^ tsing, ^g p'au', (soaked
through with rain) iMWM%
^ peh 'la 'yu ling wen 'tse.
Soap, *bi JG^ zau'.
Sober, |1 'kiun, (become sober) H
El tsue' 'sing.
Society, "^ u-6\
Sodomy, ^ ^ n^n suh.
Soft, |J^ 'nioM, ^11 zeu zdh, (in
disposition) J^wunzeu, (to become)
15 fah 'nioM.
Soften, -(this medicine in water) tJC^
EI>vMf@^ 'sz 'li p'au' 'm6;^
di' ku' 3'ah.
Soil, 't'u, Ji 't'u di'.
Soil, (to) tie;^' 3fif5 wu.
Solder, If hon'.
Soldier, :H-y pjng ting, '^:^fi
tong ping.kii'. .
Sole, (a fish) jt i^ 'pi moh ng, (of
a shoe) ^iS Aa 'ti.
Solely, |^;g doh ^;e'.
Solemn, ^^ tsong niew, f^"^ tow
soh, (solemn service) ;:/cli^ clu'
'li piV.
Solicit, ^ gieu, (a reward) HJK
't'au 'sonsc.

SCO
Solicitous, (be) ^[^ kwo' iiiaw', (anxious)
MM^ ^^ k'^i. ^Mi^
veh foiig^ sing, ^^ fong' sing veil
loh.
Solid, (not hollow) ^ zeli, (in character)
^ poh zeh, (strong) ^M
Idewkti'.
Solitary,
tsz, (standing) JL 1^^ lili>
(place) ^>g"|g^^ 'lang
dong.
loh 7m
Solstice, (summer) SM V^aii tsz,
(winter) ^ tung tsz'.
Solve, ^?|3 'kak'c, (doubts)^^
'kii t'eh ni ivdli.
Some, HIS 'ki kuS (men) WA 'yen
niun.
Bomething, (bring) jSlfiUS"
ta?i 'tiew
sa', flf^ taw 'tiew meh zz', (bring
something to eat) P^I
ta;^ ih tiew
meh zz' k'iuh, (some little things)
115
r--B^^||^ ih 'nga meh zz'.
Sometimes, WBtl^ 'yen zz ^eu', ^
^ veh dzang, ^B"^ dzang zz.
Son, 51 "T ni 'tsz, ng 'tsz, (a dopted)
JS J^" ku' vong ni 'tsz (my son) ij>
51 'siau urh, >J'^ 'siau 'k'iow,
(your son) -^J^l) ling* long.
Son-in-law, "ic^ "^nu si'.
Song, ^ k'ioh, (of Kwun shan) ,
Ji'wun k'ioh, (sing songs) Pg t'song'
k'ioh, (song book)^ k'ioh 'pun,
Soon, (come) ^MjJ^ 'tsau 'tie Ic,
(not soon) ^^ veh 'tsau.
Sooner, (than I) it^^ 'pi 'ngu
'tsau, (the sooner the better)
yoli 'tsau yoli 'liau.
SPA
Soot, jtH^S ?/iew zung.
Soothe, SS on wo'.
Sorcerer, /gig vu 'ts6, ftSPfB t'iauc
zunkiV, fr^ISftjfS /^angzia zeh
kiV.
Sore, ^ fling', (a sore) ^ t'song.
Sorrow, M^ yeu dzeu, p^ dzeu
mun', ^ hwuu mun', f^>y song
sing, ^ yeu yoh.
Sort, H 'tsung, ;f^-5^ yang* 'tsz, 'g;
yang' suh, ^ 'tung, 2|^ 16'.
Sort, (to) ffi^ 'tang 'tie^?, :9^#g/
fun y:ing' suh.
Sovereign, Si kiim 'tsu, ^ kiiin
(Jong, 03^ koh 'tsu.
Soul, S^ ling w'ung, )5iP sing
zun,/f^ tsing zun, ^ ling k'i', (ra-
tional soul) t4 ling sing'.
Sound, ^"h sung yun,
sang, M* sang kl'.
-
'h'iang
Sound, to, (depth of water) 7K'g
'ten 'sz sun.
Sound, (in health) '^jli gie' tsong'.
Soup, Wi t'ong, ii kang.
Sour, 1^ SUM.
Source, ^{j^ le yeu, i^Tl^ Dio/i
'pun, /|k nio;i kun.
South, I n6, (go south) jflj zau new,
(on the south side) new haw', jS new
piew, new paw' baw.
Sow, #^S 'mil tsz.
Sow, (seed) fl^ tsung' 'tsung 'ts?.
Space, (between) '^4*fSK tong
tsiing kaw 'li, (of a month) P)?j-"
{@J=1 kah ihlaV niuh, Ifij^ b'iU
tsz ih ku' nioh.

SPE
Spacious, ^U 'kwongk'weh.
Spade, (iron) ll|j? t'ih t'saii, g|
fill 't'saw, (wooden) /fv moh t'sau.
Spare, S 'sen, :^|S veil keu'.
Spare, (to) %^ k'wcn 'miew, ^ft
niau soS (his life) fj0>f@^
niau so' i kii' ming', (cannot spare
time) f^^f#X:^ so' veh tuh
kung fu, (si^are strength) ^ 3^
'sang lih.
Sparing, ^j^ 'sang gieS ^^ ling
siih.
Sparks, iK^ 'M sing.
Sparkle, % fah kwong.
Sparrow, ^^% ka t'siali, Jftmot'siah.
Spawn, ^^^ ng 'tsz.
Speak, |y ^ bah tro', p% ^;6' seh wo',
(for me) uSl^SSS t'uh 'ngu soh,
(did not speak of it) ^f&^
veh ivo' k'i' 'tse.
Spear, ^;|b dzang t'siang, (not to use
spears and shields) ^^~f'^ veh
'diing kun k'u.
Specialty, ^^gdiihi', ^ duh duh
'li.
Species, $^ le', (each after its species)
^I8S koh dzung gi 16', ^^
'tsung.
Specify, (one by one) "-^(0 "f@^
|5 [ij ^ ih ku' ih ku' dzm wo' t'seh
16.
Specimen, Jf^i^'x jang' 'tsz.
Speckled, Wfl^MfifS 'yen P^w *tiew
kii'.
Spectacles, 35 'nga kiung'.
Spectators, ^f^JV k'ow' ku' ninn.
Speech, p%|^ seh wo'.
Speechless, ^ftMSlJufS veh nnng
116
w;6' seh wC.
S1I
Speed, (utmost) Jg'^ 'ting k'wa',
(speed not equal) S^^^ dzz
soil veh 'tnng.
Speedily, iPftl zti fi, (return) '^'^
0^ k'wa' k'wa' wo 16, >^^
'mo long' dzieu' 16.
Spelling, (Chinese syllabic) ^-0 'faw
t'sih.
Spelter, |^|g- bah k'aw.
Spend, (money) ^^ fi'
yiing', :jfg
hw6 fi', (strength) jj fi' lih, (one's
life) S^ du' sung, du' nyih,
(as a profligate) ^% long' fi'.
Spew, Pf 't'u.
Sphere, J^ gieu, JJ yow gieu, (ter-
restrial) Jia di' gieu.
Spherical, ^J^ gieu yung.
Spiced, Wl^f@S:S 'yeuh^iang
liau' ku' mi' dau'.
Spider, i}^^ tsz tsu, (spider's web)
1^ tsz tsu 'mong.
Spike, (iron) ||{# t'ih tsun, (wooden)
7fC moh tsun.
Spikenard, 'f h'iang kau.
Spill, 5^nF^ tih'/^aul6.
Spin, ^Jj 'fong, ^p 'fong so, (thread)
1^ 'fong: slew'.
Spinach, f^^ pu t'se'.
Spindle, ^ su, (light and darkness
come and go like arrows and days
and months like a spindle) 31^f^f^
Ba0>^iP+^ kwong yun zz'
tsiew' zeh yoh zu sii.
Spine, f|'^'* p6' tsih kweh.
Spiral, ji^i^ip^ lu sz yung.
Spirit, (pure) Jljl zun, (of man) ^
tsing zun, ^ zun ki', SsJB ling

SPO
'uijg, (after death) ^ 'kwe, (evil
spirits possessing a man) ^Pwji
yvJ^_L 'kit vu' 'la niiin sun long',
(spirit and habits of the people) S
^ fling k'i', i fung z6h, (spirits
or gods of the mountains and strea-
ms) liljllj^jlpffl saw t'sewtsz zun
ling, (Holy spirit) Btt sung' zn
ge-M sung' ling, (expression and
manner in painting and writing) %\\i
^ zun k'i'.
Spiritual, (belonging to the soul) J^
S^fS zohling W7ui)gku', (belonging
to the Holy spirit) JR^Jlp^
zoh sung' zun kiV, (man has two na-
tures, a spiritual and a corporeal)
AWM^tt'fS ninn 'yeu 'liang
yang' sing' zing, WffiS^O 'yeu
ling wung ku' sing' zing, *|fiWJlh
fa 'a 'yeu sun 't'i ku' sing' zing.
Spit, PJt 't'u.
Spiteful, ?S^% yow' /mg'.
Spittle, '}5il^ dza t'u'.
Splendid, ^^ kwong liang', (splen.
dour) Upt yung kwong, 5tB
kwong hw6, j^Jfi we fung.
Splint, (of wood) '^Jr/tvB^ ih
p'iew' moh deu.
Split, ^ p'ih, gg^ p'ihk'e le, M
lih, IS hwah, (a split) f^Pfll hwah
lah.
Spoil, 5^i|| lung' wa', J^ 'sun ivk\
_X ha' wi', (take spoil, robbery) ^
ilj 'tang kih, (in war) gJJ, 'lii
liah.
Sponge, f^M 'h6 niung.
Spoke, (of wheel) Hfg lun foh.
117
SQU
Spontaneous, j j^
zz^ zew.
Spoon, ft zok, gg zz, H^ diaij
kang, a^ tseh zoh.
Sport, ^43 beh siang'
lung'.
;# h'i-
Spot, jteliS paw 'tiew, (black) ^ huh
'tie, (white spot on a skin)
^5 ih pie bah mau.
Spotless, (white) |i| j^ dzun bah.
*
j^
Spouse, fJfJJ singvii', ^"f sing
niang 'tsz.
Spout, (of kettle) ^'"Sl^dzo 7m 'tsz*
Sprain, (the foot) HM 'nieu kiah.
Spread, ( out, as wings, tents) 5^ p^
tsang k'e,( over, as mats; 131133'^
p'u k'e le' (spread abroad reports).
Ig.^ sie pii'. SlJSf P^^ yangU
lH^ dzcw t'sehl6. ,
Spring, (season) ^ t'sung, (of -watch)
ISli^ fah diau, (steel spring) PJll
kong diau, (of water) ^^ dzie?*
'nga, |5^ nio.
Spring, (to) |t fah, Jjfe t'iau'.
Sprinkle, ^ 'sa.
Sprout, ^^ fah nga.
Spur, (a horse) MMt ^'sz' 'mo, (urge)
fg fsue.
Spurious, fl 'ka, @ ngwe*.
Spurn, JM'fi k'iung maw'.
Spy, iHf^ si' tsoh, UMMA Ven
t'ing ku' niun, (traitorous) Jq[; kaw
si'.
Spy, to, (through a glass or tube) ^
^ k'we k'ow'.
Squander, ^^ hau' fi', ?^ long fi'.
Square^ K^ sz' fong, (a square-

STA
'brick) >7 IS fong tsc;^, (square of
a niTmber) '/J^^ fongtsih, (carpen-
ter's square) ^/? k'ioh t'sah.
Squeeze, ^^"K ah ih ah.
;Sqmrrel, feg sung 'su, (grey) ^
hw6 'su.
Stab, $l] t'sz'.
Stable, l||i 'mo bang, ^ 'm6
vong, (firm) g^ kiewku', ^ lau,
kie^2 lau.
Staff, ttPnr#dzang' a bong, ^jg^
'kwun 'tsz, |:K 'kwa dzang'.
Stag, ^ I6I1.
3tage, (in a journey) fj^ dzaw', (for
actors) ^J{J h'i' de.
Stagnant, (water) ^E^JC
'si 'sz.
Stagnation, (of trade) ^Kfe^llfhu'
suh veh siau.
Stain, ^'/ keu' tcu.
Stain, (to) JiJ^ tie"zcw.
Stairs, ;fg leut'i.
Stake, ;f tsong, (stake palisade) ^
i}^ 'paw ziang.
Stalk, g 'kang.
Stall, ti bang, H t'a.
Stamp, (on the ground) Sgffi

h'ih.
STI
Steady, ^,%m 'wim tonor, JE 'wun
tsoh, '('"Steady resolution) jLySi
^ lih ding' 'tsu i', (stand steady)
Bf#.
kiiili dah 'wun.
Steaks, (cut the meat in) ^Sl^'UJr
tan niok t'sih p'ie**'.
Steal, fif t'eu, (stear children) ^>J'
{^ 'kwa 'siau 'now.
Steam, 7K^ 'sz k'i', (to steam) ^
tsung.
Steamer, ^ClSjlS 'liu lun ze.
Steel, PJlJ kong.
Steep, (in water): ^Ji^JC^ tsing
Ma 'sz 'li, VS p'au* 'la 'sz 'li.
Steer, ^b 'po du', (steer
to the
right) ^|i5 paw sau, (to the left)
^t'6 sau.^
Stem, ^ 'kang.
Step, jp bu', (in rank) ^ kih, (door
steps) j^jg'io ka yien zah.
Step-father, l

STR
Stony, (ground) J^Jg kiaii di'.
Stool, S::^ 'p^-n txmfr.
Stoop, (the head) JS^M ti deii.
Stop, (causative) jtfi 'tsz dzu', f^
ding, (interrupt) 'tsu 'tong,
(stop a bottle) ^ suh dzvi', (stop
work) ff-Hl ding kiin^ (cease wal"
S&
king) .ih^ 'tsz bu-', (stop the road)
la^ dan'.
Stoppage, \M.M 'tsu kah.
Stops, (in writing) Hjij^ k'iow 'tiew.
Storax, (a fragrant oil) S-^f^ su
Aeh yen.
Store, (for foreign goods) ^^mJS
yang hu' tiew', (store house) ^JiJ^
'dzaw vong.
Store, (to) ^ zong, ^g tsih h'ioh.
Stork, flllSI. siew ngoh.
Storm, ^JH ban' fung, SlW^Cf^
fung 'yu da' tsoh.
Storm, to, (a city) JtflMJS kung
p'li' zung dziang.
Story, (a house with two stories) ^
MMMM^. 'liang zung leu ku
vong 'tsz.
Stove, ifiM, 'hu h'l, (of iron) g^ t'ih
^u, (draught stove of earthen ware)
Jfi fung lu.
Stout, ^Jtt gie' tsong', (a stout man),
:^CMffl
tlu' k'we' deu.
Stow, (away) ^ tsong.
Straddle, S k'wo.
Straight, It dzuh, gjLpihhhdzuh,
(line) ^$, dzuh siew'.
Straight-forward, (in disposition) ft
fiffl sing' dzuh ku'.
Straighten, B^jt 'ke dzuh, gJE 'ke
120
STR
ton tsung', ^JC^^W 'U k'ioh
u^6 dzuh.
Strain, (dirty water and make it clean)
aaa7jc;g'/t*
we t'sing 'sz.
Strait, ^%^ 7^ah tsah.
lu' oh fsoh 'sz
Strange, "^jf 'ku kwa', ^^ i'
yang'.
Stranger, ^^A mak sang niun,
^MJ^ k'ah pie^2 niun.
Strangle, |g luh sah, ickiau.
Stratagem, '^\^ ki t'sah.
Straw, (wheat) ij^^^ 'siau mah za,
(rice)|Q dau' za, (used in divination)
2E.-P. sz 't'sau.
Stray, gJS^ ml lii', ^'^ 'tseu t'so.
Streaks, (in stone) 5 ;J zah vun, (a
streak of light) ^^i^t^t ih sie,
kwong.
Stream, (running downwards) 7jC
B&T'SC 'sz ih lu' 'au lieu, (is with
us) MjK zun' 'sz, (is against us>
iSi niuh 'sz.
Streamer, '^ gi.
Street, #i ka.
Strength, ^jj k'i' lih, g lib liang',
(strength of the wine is not great>
'}S:^4^:^'tsieulih liang' veh
diV.
Strengthen, gg kie ku', (medici-
nally) li:^S. 'pii bh bang'.
Strenuous, (effort, make a)iiijj t'seh
y^h,&1^MMM tm lih bang,
yung' dzing'.
Stress, (laid on the word "true") ^
SaSf&M^J: i

121
STU SUB
bow) JS 'lak'e 16, (of the hand)
^ ^3jS sun k'e le, (of the body)
^f J|* 'su sun.
Strew, (on the earth) Mffi P'^' ^i'-
Strict, ;SM niew 'kiun.
Strife, (brethren at) f^5t^^ 'di
h'iung siang tsung.
Strike, ff 'tang, (the breast) JSB^
BS p'ah h*iung dong, (a light) ^
Hang 'hu, (against) ^^ zong' zah.
String, m zung, (small hempen string)
Jijt*^ ^^^ slew', (on clothing) *iff
ta', (bow string) ^5^ kung i/ien,
(of beads) '
'^^^ ih t'sew tsu.
String, to, (cash) ^MM t's6 dung
diew.
Strip, (one's self) JSt'^^Voh i zong,
(to strip another) ^JS^JAflS P^^i
bih niun ku' i zong, (bark) j poh
bi.
Strip, (of paper) il^lS diau 'tsz, ^,
'tsz diau 'tsz.
Stripe, $S3C pa> vun, (striped cloth)
tti^^^ lieu diau pu'.
Strive, (one against another) ^ tsung,
(endeavour) HE 'ming 'miew, (to
be first) yc tsung slew.
Stroke, ^ t^ah.
Stroll, ;^$t9 'taeu J)eh siang'.
Strong, ^M.ll 'yeu k'i' lib, (of
work) ^ lau, (in constitution) ^
tH giew' tsong, (tea) t>^^ nun^
dzo, (of a city) ^ JsS ^'^^ ^^^"g-
Stubborn, *^iJC t-iau bi, ^ wa bi,
(in holding opinions) l3^tCX
ku t'seh 'ki kien*.
Student, (close)
11118^ fSA giun
'kiun doh su ku' niun, (pupil) ^
^J Aok sang 'tsz.
Study, ^;^ su vong.
Study, (to) p^y dok su, ^ nia' su,
ffl $3 yiing' kung, (study minutely)
i^H^Htt^^ si' si' nung 'k'au
t'sah.
Stuff, to, (with cotton) Sf.^?2 tsong
miew hwo, (sausages) Sl^W*^
kwe nioh dzang 'tsz.
Stumble, yk^ seh kiah, (against) ^
^ zong' zah.
Stumbling-stone, ^Af@5^Si ngo'
niun ku* zali deu.
Stunted, ^ 'tow.
Stupefied, "^^ hwun mi.
Stupid, :5i^ ngo bun', ^ t'sun bun'.
Sturdy, JjSiit ngang' d?;uh.
Style, (of composition) '%\^ vun fah,
^ pill fah.
Style, (to) S^T' t'sung hu.
Suavity, ^Q$. M bing, 31, /m k'i'.
Subdivide, (into smaller parts) H^
||>J> tse' fun kung 'siau.
Subdue, ^JJK bing voh, (one's self)
^a^Sfk'uh'
^
'seu voh zz' ka.
'kivoh'li, ^)iE
Subject, E.^ dzun 'tsz, ^Sflgifl
^ 'kw(i; 'la ku' pak sing', (tlieme)
y^ @ di moll.
Subject, (be to him) JflJiiJ^^ peh
'lai ^'
yah, (to make subject) K)]K ah voh,
5^
da ah.
Subjoin, (at the end) ilfj ji ^ Jifl
JlifS leh 'hV meh 'kiah long',

tsiing V'len.
122
SUB sue
Subjugate, (by war) WtM. tse?j' voli,
the Devas (gods) and Maras (devils)
{^^CM voh Vien mo.
Sublime, KifclKifc kau da' m 'pi.
Sublunary, (aflfairs) 5cT f@ & vok t'ie i* ku' bing
sing.
Submit, IfM kw6 voh, ^|^ deu
/ioug, deu voli, (they submit in heart)
l$flRS>& /iong voh gi sing.
Subordinate, (be) BA>E?^ zoh
niun *su 'kwe.
Subscribe, ^^H 'sia ming deu, }?
^^ ah zz' 7iau', ^ wah zz' /^auS
f^ 6ah hwo ah,
Subscription, (of 1000 taels) M'~^ft
Mi^'X ki^^* i'hi t*sie 'liang niun
'tsz.
Subsequent, (generations) ^iS Vieu
sz', (calamities) ^ 'Aeu t^^an'.
Subsist, (in him all thing-s ) ^f^S
^"^ci^ "^^^*' '^'^^ P^^ la i dzz.
pau
Subsistence, (only wish a) ^S-Sfl8
iP pih kii' yau' hu 'k'eu, fJP^
pih ku' yau' keu' k'iuh.
Substance, (in the (Trinity) || 't'i
(matter generally as distinct from
spirit) ^ yung, (all things are divided
into spirit and matter) ^^
^MWf^
vaw' veh i^nn tsiV y.iin
yung, (substance of a thing as dis-
tinguished from its form) ^ JiS tseh
di'. J& ^, 'ti 'tsz, :?^ 'pun 'ti, (es-
tate) ^Ukanyih.
Substantial Jf.^ 7ie\i zeh, ^ lau.
Substantiate, (your words by proof)
a?iS'^IEfifill:^ta bing
kii' le tsung' nung' ku' seh tv6\
Substitute' X t'i' kung.
Substitute, to, (this for that) ^||f@
iM:ikM
t'i* di' ku' icn' ku' kii'.
Subterfuge, il?^f@||:|^
ku' seh iv6'\
'k4 t'oh
Subterraneous, fi^iS'T'

SUL
Sudden, iS^fs^ hweli z6 ka, f^
ngeu ze?^
Sudorific, {H ?f^ t'seh Aow' yah.
Sue, (a person) IrIA^T^^ ^^"S
niun 'tang kwc sz.
Suet, (mutton) ^}ft yang yen.
Suffer, SB^^H^eu' 'k'u zeu' naS
^ zeu' hd'-, P^ k'iuli 'k'u,
SufferaWe, '^ff tong tuh 'k'i, jjflf
?S
ne' tuh ku'.
Sufferings, ^li 'k'u naw'.
Sufficient, keu', ^^ ku zz',
(barely) fl| giun' keu'.
Suffocate, |B5E yah 'sz.
Suffused, (with red face) MM%M^
'me miew' fah /iung.
Sugar, | dong, (candy) ^t ping
dong.
Sugar-cane, p |?|^ kew tso.
Suggestion, (another) ^ 'p^ ling'
ill soh, or, ,g,!. ling' i!i ku- i' sz'.
Suicide, (commit) |S?ES'' z^'
zing 'si lu', ;^ zz' sah zz'.
Suit, (of clothes) glj^^ ih ftV i
zong.
Suit, (to) 14* ff; tsung' i', ft te'
'kiung, (not to suit) ^fJiS veh
to' i*, ^
veh tsiing' i', etc. (punish-
ment not suited to the crime) ^j/j^
a iP y^^i^S V^^ tong 'dzue'.
Suitable, ^9ffl siang t'sung', ^^
Aeh yungS 4* tsung' yung', -^S
Aeh i.
Sully, '^i5J ts' wu.
Sulphate, (of soda) SI8 "Y^ng 2/ie?^
(of copper) p3 ^ t'.sing va.
Sulphur, ^1^ lieu w;ong.
123
SUP
Sum, ^pf gung' ki', H^^ 'tsung
sii', (of words the sum of the whole
is) SWWj^ tsung urh yien tsz.
Summer, 5 'ja, 5C 'au t'ie.
Summit, (of a mountain) UJlH sa?
'ting.
Summon, ^S siew zau, (him to an
interview) S'^^^^ zau i le
kiew'.
Sun, H 1 nyih deu, ^Cp^ t'6' yang.
Sunbeam, H g^^tf % uyih deu zo'
ku' kwong.
Sunday, Si 1^ 'li pa' nyih, ^ 0,
'tsii nyih.
Sundial, nyih kwe'.
Sunflower, fflj ^ hiang' zeh kwe.
Sundries, ^^ ling so', Jt^ dzah
hu'.
Sunrise, gH |i{^ nyih deu t'seh 16.
Sunset, BMS llj nyih deu lok sa^e.
Bup, P:giRk'iuhya' van'.
Superannuated, (he reported himself
as, and returned home) "S'^H^
B|}-^^
kau' 'lau lauku' k'i' tso.
Supercilious, @ 4*^A moh tsung m
niun.
Supereminent, (among all) |li^
A t'sau t'seh tsung' niun, ^^
5 ^a^ t'sue t'sau giun.
Superficial, (contents) W& mien,
tsih, (in acquaintance with things)
^ISfS kiew' suh 't'sien.
Superfluity, |^$l]T^( 1^ zung'
'au le kii', lU yii deu, zung' deu.
Superfluous, ^>2>^f@ vehpihyiing'
ku', Pis m yung' ku'.
Superhuman, (strength) AZfi^Jt
f@>^fi niun lih 'i zang'
ku' lih

liang^
SUP
Superintend, ^ kiew t61i, ^M
'tsang 'li.
Superintendent, g kien toll.
Superior, -g^ 'tsang pei', (of a mon-
astery) ;;^ ;^ fonor dzang', (a man of
superior principles) '^^ kiun 'tsz,
(superior article) _t^f^^ zang'
'tung meh zz', (my superior officer)
3

SWE
Surplus, JlJSM zuiig deu.
Surprised, P2 ^^'^"1^ kiung.
Surprising, ^*^ gi kwa'.
Surrender, ^xP$ ?,
(stop work) i$X di)ig kung, (for a
time) ^fj dza/' ding, (arms) jt
"-p::5^ ding *tsz kun kiV.
Suspense, (lio was in) Ji[,'g: kwu'nia',
J^
kw6' In'.
Suspicion, ^>Li ni sing.
Suspicious, (do not be too) :^S^
- >& veil yau' tu ni sing.
Sustain, Jfe vu, J8^ tan tong, le
(tl
universe) Q^||#J pau dzz va;^'
veil.
Sustenance, fJlMi-M. '^^ y^"g' ^*^^
liang', g!^ vair liang'.
Swaddling, (clothes) tlJ^Sf@;S
^'& V^^^ '^i^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^' d^^^"S i
zong.
Swallow, ^"J* yiew' 'tsz.
Swallow, (to) : t'mi, Pg yie'.
Sway, (have imperial) Sll^ffiH
^/tsang wong ti ku' giow 'ping.
Swear, |1^- fah zz', tE k'i' zz'.
125
SYN
Sweat, ff /iow', (to sweat) ffi t'seli
/io;^'.
Sweep, $5 'san, fl* 'tang 'sau.
Sweet, ?]} die/r, (words) H 5* kew
2/iew, (in disposition) JmtQ wun /m,
(as honejO iH^' die zu mih.
Sweet, (briar) J^^^ yueh ki' hwo.
Swell, J5B 'tsuiig, 1^ tsang', (miti-
gate a swelling) ^J^ siau tsang'.
Swift, ^ k'wa' (as if flying) jSiM
k'wa' zu fi.
Swim, J^7jC yen 'sz.
Swindle, ^J^-l^ 'kwa p'iew',
Swindler, ^j^"? kwa' 'tsz.
Swine, If.'f* tsz 'lu.
Swing, (the arms) %-^}]-^ yau pi'
'poug.
Swoon,

TAK
siang dung ku' wo' deu, (dififerent
characters but synonymous) ^^
fpIiSlpI 2z' veil dung i' dung. ,
Syntax, "fij JJ kii' fah.
Syrup, III7JC dong 'sz.
System, J^S fah du', ^^^I'sz'zu'.
T abernacle, ^^ tf>o'
mu*.
Table, ^S"J de 'tsz, (cloth) ^ de
pu'. _
Tablet, (horizontal inscribed) ^
'piew, ^ 'pie;>e ngoh, (upright ancestral)
JlJiJi^ zun 'tsu ba, Sffi
ling iVG'.
Tackling, (of a ship) i|S:^>Mll
^ zew long' diV 'siau zung soh.
Tack, (iron) ij^i^fif 'sJau t'ih ting.
Tack, to, (of a ship's sailing ||pj|ig
diau' 'tsiang, (of sewing, tack togeth-
er) .^^ 3^ vungk'i'le.
Tael, (of silver) *MlS-p ih 'Hang
niun 'tsz.
Tail, jgjE 'ni 'p6, (of great Bear) ^
zoh.
Tailor, ^i^ dze vung, ^f^ dz6
vung sz vu'.
Taint, \^\^ tse;? wu, ^ tsew 'ze;?.
Take, fl^ 't'su, (capture) JJ^ tsoh
zah, ^ no zah, (take alive) ^f
sung giun, (in the hand firmly) J;ij
^ niah lau,. (by violence) JJ
't'siang, (take captive) ^J^ 'lu
liah, (take awaj^) JH "i ^^n k'i', ^
no k'i-', (take food, or medicine) P^
k'iuh, (take cif ahat) |^M$|-?.
126
TArw
dzu t'eh raau' 'tsz.
Tales, (ancient) -fi-fl^FB^fi^i:!! k4'
zz ka ku' zz' 't'i, (traditional) ^
^te f# f@ I^KS vu' 'lau siang dze^?
ku' sell w6'.
Talent, :^'^ 'pun zz', ^|g dzc
nung, M. dze gii', 5C t'ie; dze, (a
talented man) ^-J* dze 'tsz.
Talk, (idle) Igg* yau yien, f^^
han tvb\ (much) ^ tii m,'6'.
Talk, (to) ^p5 bah ?r6', ^ daw daw,
^ p'aw daw, ^If tah 'kong, fj
\mm ^^' ^*aw ^;6', (not talk
politics)
^MSt- veh daw koh zz'.
Talkative, (do not be) ^^^ |& |S
veh yau' tu bah wo'.
Tall (in body) ^^.M sun liang'
kau, -^ dzang.
Tallow, (mutton) ^^ yang yeu'
(vegetable) ^^^Jl 'gieu lah.
Tally, -^[pI Aeh diing, ^ xA 7^eh
(bamboo tallies) f'J)i$ tsoh ba.
Tame, ^-^ 'zew liang, J^ z6h, (domestic
animals) ^H^Jiffl^*^
ka 'li 'yang la ku' tsiingsang.
Tangent, ijJ}^^ t'sih slew'.
Tangle, ^jS k'ie;^ liew.
Tank, f^ dzz, (for fish) ,' ng
Tanned, (leather) J^i^ z6h bi.
d/z.
Tap, (at a door) PP P^ k'eu' mun.
Tape, ^ ta', (cotton) -^ pu' ta'.
Tapering, ^ f@ tsiew ku'.
Tar, fe^S?^ sung zu' yeu.
Tardy, jfl f^ dzz '?(;ew, 'j^ maw'.
Tares, ^-f ba 'tsz.
Target, ^U ?fi tsie 'po.
Tariff, ^j^lj sue 'ii\

TEA
Tarnish, ^JKIS^ seh t'eli yuns
kwong.
Tarry, ^H lieu dzu^, i$ lieu
ding, its taw yiew.
Tartar, |S^ Tah 'tsz, (north) 4b
poll Tall 'tsz.
Tart, 1^ sxien.
Task, XIS kung k'li'.
Tassel, $^ -J^ sue 'tsz.
Taste, SJO^ tsz mi', jS ^^i'

TEK
sz' kiv long' kiV zz' 't'i.
Temporary, Jl|f dzaw' zz.
Tempt, |lf 'yun yen', ^ yeu' woh;
^ keu 'yun, (test or tempt un-
successfully) S?^ sz' few', J^ sz,
fah.
Tempter, (successful) 5Ilf|iA'yun
yeu' ku' iiiun, (unsuccessful) ^f;tc
f@A sz' few ku' niun, ^^ sz' fall
ku' niun.
Ten, -J" zeli.
Tenacious, (of his own opinion) IH^t
*^ kii' tseh 'ki kiew'.
Tenant, |B.M'?fflA tsu vong 'tsz
ku' niun, ^ vong k'ali.
Tend, (sheep) ^^ k'ow yang, ^^
moh yang.
Tendency, ^[^ tsz' hiang'.
Tender, (hearted) f^>2* 'niowsijig
dzang, (soft) |||^ fah 'nio, (of
meat) j^ 'nun.
Tender, (make an offer) ''""jpfM
, M 'ku ih 'ku kcV die/?.
Tender, (of heart) 1ff]'|S;^>ii .fsuli
t'^n' tsz sing.
Tendon, ;jjj kiun.
Tent, Ift;^ tsang vong, J$ tsang
mu'.
Tenth, ^Y^^^^ zeli vun' tsz ih, +
^^^''^ ^-S' '^ '^'^^"' ^^ ^^^ '^'^^''^'*
Tepid, (water) ^m.7K
^'''^^^^ ^^'^^
Terms, (24 solar) Zl'V 15^ ^^^'^i
zeh sz' tsih k'i', (two principal an-
nual terms) J^f^ ^[1 'ngnioh tsih,
/V pah ni(>h tsih, (fix
a term of
years) p^S^^^ han' ding' tu
'sau nie/,', (fixed time) j|9 nyih gi,
128
TEX
Terminate, jtfj 'tsz dzu', 5c^a ^^""^^^
kih.
Terijxination, ^aM l^ih &^\ ^^SS
meh meh kiah.
Terrace, J de.
Terrestrial, (glohe) Ji|Jjc di' gieu,
(things) ttfiift1^ di' long'
ku' meh zz'.
Terrible, PltfifS '^'6 p'6' ku'.
Terrify, H'lli kiung hah.
Terrified, tfi^JE P'o 16 'si, filS^
hah sail tso.
Territory, Jil di', (of a kingdom) @
>SJl#l|ln]f@iiffi kohdu'
kiung ka' 'li hiang' ku' di' mie??.
Terse, 'p^JfH 'kawhiew'.
Tertian ague, FolffiHS-ffS kaw
'liang nyih ngok 'tsz hing'.
Tesselated pavement, ^"S^llffj
^Sim gi be suh yang' p'u' zah di'.
Tost, ^f^ sz' fah, 11; sz' mar fah.
Tost, (to) sz- iiR,.g,2.'. mew-
Testament, iSfl* i' su, (make a) ^
lih i' au, i (emperor's) gp tsau', Old
Testament) ^$5 'gieu yah, (New)
Mi^ sing yah, (or) iiififS*
'gieu i tsau' su, j\^ sing
i tsau' su.
Testator, JL'AVM li'i i ^^^^ ku', "^
lieu i su ku.
Testicles, ^^^ nga' zun'.
Testify, f^HE tsil' tsung', M tsu,
tsung' kie;?', '"p tsu kow tsung'.
Testimony, ^llE kiew' tsung'.
Tetrarcli, ^=M^^ fun fung tsz
kiun.
Text, (of a discourse) jfl di moh,
(of a comuentary) ^^ bah vun,

THE
(texts as 't^e?^ examples) 'ku.
^ppT
Texture (of cloth is it coarse or fine)
si' 'na imng.
Than, J:^ 'pi, (greater than I) ?2;^ 'pi
'ngu du', JJ yu, (none is greater
than Heaven) MJkM^ "loh da'
yii t'iew.
Thank, ^ ziaS ^ tu ?Ak\
Thankful, ^W'kew zia'. { 'kekiuh.
Thankless, ,^SM^ vong iin vu' ni*.
That, #f@ i ku', llli ktV ku', (does
not distinguish between this and that)
121)
^^Ifijlfc veh fun 'pe' 't'sz, (in order
that, telic) ^' or, j^ kiau', ^
sz*, (with the intention that he
might fall down) -^MM^^M I
kiV i kau' i tih 'tau,(so that, ecbatic)
&:k^&MMKM fung du' lau
kau' ze fan teh, (the wind was
high so that the boat was capsized)
Thatched houses, ^^Wi^'h 't'sau
ko' ku' vong 'tsz.
Thaw, -flj hwo', '{^ siau.
Theatre, ]^i^ hi' dzang.
Theft, fit^^^fflp teu'mehzz'ku'
'dzue.
Their, #(@ i ku', ^ i la ko'.
Them, P i, ^ gi,
Theme, ^ p di mob.
Then, (at that time) ^fl$ tong zz, iS
l^flt'M ku' ku' zz 7ieu', (conse-
quence in time) ^^ nan meh, lH
biew', ^ dzieu', (consequence in
reasoning) m^ kuh meh, (there-
fore) SPfkuhlau pjf^ 'su 'i,
(then immediately come) Wt^
dzieu' le, (then immediately set out)
MS^&M' >'ue tsih k'i= an.
I
Thence,
TIIO
pf zung ku' tall.
Thenceforth, ^ffifillt^a^ zung
kii' ku- zz Aeu' 'i le.
Theorem, ^ di.
Theory, ;ftS, i' sz, |^ sob.
There, jg:^ ku' tab, ftfi^^ ku,
ko' hu dong.
Thereabout, $0^ yah hah, M,^^
t'so veh tu.
Therefore, Jjfl^ 'su 'i, i^^jlfc ku"t'sz,
^Pf kuhlau.
Thereupon, j^BP ziie' tsih, "fH bie',
^^ 'Aeu 16.
Thermal, (spring) fjm:^ wun ziew.
Thermometer, ^^^ how 'su 'piau.
These, ^fg di' kiV,
They,
Thick,
Thief,
Thigh,
Thin,
^i, 7E:fi*/z'i,Szz'gi.
p. Vieii, ^ 'Aeu zeh.
znh.
i(
S 't'6,
1)1 bob, (spare in body) ^
seu', (thinly sprinkled) ^ hi.
Thine, {Rfi! nung' ku'.
Thing, ^^^^ meh zz', (all things) ^
va' veh, (affiiir) ^S zz' 't'i.
Think, ,.^ sz slang, ;^ sz niaw',
'siang nia', (think himself great)
fi^-?'paka"tsz. ^
Third, (of the month) |)3.rL t'su saw,
(in order) ^zl^ dV saw.
Thirst, (to) | k'oh, (quench) ^
'kci k'oh.
Thirteen, +H zeh saw, (thirteenib)
^ di' zeh saw
This, ;^ di', f@ di' ku-', ff. tuh kd'.
Thither, (go) 5)lJiS5:^-^ tau' ku' tab
k'i'.
Thong, jJCii^ bi diau.

130
THR TJD
Thorn, $l] t'sz', (hedge) ^^ISH Icen
kioh 11, (thorns have prickles) ^jj
IIW$!l kiung imh 'yen t'sz'.
Thorough, ^ t'ling, (understand
thoroughly) 53 |& j2 ming baht'eu',
(a little more thorough) Hg t'eu'
'tiew, (thoroughly cooked) ^^ z61i
t'eu', (his learning is thorough) ^
PyJSS ''^oh vun' fling tah.
Thoroughfare, ^? t'ung lu', (here
there is no thoroughfare) jltJlfe^
JJ 't'sz di' veh t'ung,
Those, (men) "^fSA i ku' niun.
Thou, f nung'.
Though, M^^ sue' zcm.
Thought, ;stBl niaw' deu, >|3iS si"g
sz, itilBH 'siang deu.
Thoughtful, ^>i5 tu sing, (careful)
^J"*)!!^ 'siau sing, (be thoughtful) M
)li* yung' smg.
ThoughtlflBs, ^Mi}^ veh yung' sing,
>J> veh 'siau sing, MM: '''^^ '^i^^^
zun'.
Thousand, ^^ffl ih t'sie.
Thread, ^| sie?iS (hemp made) fit
mo sieS (silk) | sz sie', (needle
and) H;^ tsun sie', (spin) ;g5
'fong sie', (thread of a story) UM,
^ deu zu'.
Thread, to, (a needle) ^fl* t'sew
tsun.
Threaten, P hah, iS 'k'ung hah.
Three, H> sa??-, (three cornered) JT.^
saw koh, (divisions) jT^Sx saw ku'.
Thresh, ^J 'tang.
Threshing, (floor) ^T^^ 'tang mah
dzangr.
Threshold, f^^ mun k'aw.
Thrice, jT.^ saw t'sz', saw t^^e'.
Thrifty, ^^^ 'sang giew', ^ 'sang
yungS giew' yung', fji tsih yung'.
Thrive, H H hiung wong'.
Throat, P^Pf Aeu lung.
Throb, (of the heart) >ij.ffe singt'iau'.
Throne, g^ 'pau dzu', (ascend the)
^S tung ki,
TLrong, (to) Jf^ y^mg tsi', ^Ijg
'6^ tsi' lau gah.
Through, ^J t'ung, (go through)
^^ t'sew ku' k'i', (to go through
the whole country) SfxjiSH
piew yung t'ung koh.
Throw, K deu, fg toh, Jl p'au
(away) J^JJJ hwah t'eh, ^ tieu
t'eh.
Thrust, (with one) JlJ ih t'sz',
(thrust away) ^g^^ t'e k'e 16.
Thumb, ^i^M du 'tsz deu, # 'mu
'tsz.
Thunder, Q U, ^ 16 'hiang, ^ le
sung.
Thunder, (to) ^jg'''tang le.
Thus, ^S' zeh ke' fg zeh k6' nung,
f@^^^^ zeh ke' ku' yang' suh.
Thwart, }|fl law tsu'.
Thy, fj^f0 nung' ku'.
Thyself, -
{ft g ^ mang' zz' ka.
Ticket, (pawnbrokers) j^^ tong
p'iau*.
Ticklish, m fah 'yang.
Tide, MyK dzau 'sz, (ebb) -^
loh, (flow) ^ dzau le.
Tidings, Ji& siau sih, (news)
w sins vun.
dzau

TIN
Tidy, (make) IRf^itS
'hau k'ow'.
sen tsoh
Tie, ^ 'pong, (a knot) Jflia 'tang
kih, (in bundles)^|H 'k'wun, (bind)
U voh.
Tiffin, i|5>i!J 'tiew sing.
Tiger, ^j^ 'laii 'hu.
Tight, K 'kiun.
Tile, % 'ngo.
Tile, (to) ^% ke' 'ngo, ^ ko' vong.
Till, H; JlJ dzuk taiv, tau', (till now)
5'Jii tan' na.
Till, (to) QJife tsung' di', (ploughing
and sowing) ^Q kiing tsung'.
Timher, TfvBM "loh deu, %^ moh liauS
(yard) fr moh Aong.
Time, flj'j^ zz /teu', (what time) 1^
^ ;5^ sa' zun kwang, sa' zz 7J\ 'tan 'siau, fg p'6', g
'IS fe' gu'.
Tin, ^ sih, (vessels) ^ sih k'i',
(from tin plates) ,^ P 'mo 'k'eu
t'ih, (Tibetan tin) ^^ zong t'ih.
Tinder, ^XMi 'M 'tsz.
Tinfoil, ^ff sih boh.
Tinged, (with black) -^^^m. ta'
ih 'tie^e huh.
Tinkle, J&J^ ling tong 'hiang.
Tinsel, (gold) ^f kiun boh, (silver)
^ niun boh,
131
TOM
Tint, I nga suh.
Tip, M 'ting, (of tongue) SH^
zeh deu tsie;^.
Tipsy, PB$ k'iuh tsue'.
Tired, ^f bi gion', g2 kwun'
vah, SfS'S sa du.
Tithes, "Y^:^- zeh vun' tsz ih
(take) +^JJtt ffi^g^ zeh vun^
'li I'seu t'seh ih vun'.
Tithing, (man) iilf;^ di' 'pau.
Title, IflPf t'sung hu, (of a book) ^
^ su ming, (official titles) ^"^
kwe tsitili, (the titled people of a
district) ^^[i |^A^ biang sun niun
ka, (his title of honour) #(::
5^
i ku' tsun Aau'.
To, fIj tau', (go to him) M^MM
^ tau' i ha deu k'i', (speak to
him) JcS'^fS t'uh i wo', (to let
him know) Pi|-'0^^|^
kau' i 'hiau
tub, (to day) ^ H kiun nyih.
Tobacco, jt0 yiew, (smoke) Rg k'iuh
yiew.
Toe, (great) MJ^Miu kidh du' 'mu
'tsz.
Together, *iSf@ ih dau ku', (walk)
IrI^ dung 'tseu, '^^ ih k'i'
'tseu.
Toil, ^^ sing 'k'u, ^ lau 'k'u.
Token, l|{| ki' 7/au'.
Tolerable |j||"f#ji& ne' tub ku'.
Tolerate, yung.
To:i, il^ kwa sue', (pay) Jt
'zong siie'. ^
Tomato, $|nJ
^'^^^ zz.
Tomb, jt^ vun, \[\ vun sa^a. vun
Tomorrow, 0J3 ming nyih, ^ ming

TOW
tsau, (day after) ^ 'Aeu nyih.
Tone, # y^^;
^
M sung, (the foui-)
sz' sung.
Tongue, Sffl zeh cleii.
Tongs, ^i{f 'hu gie, (iron) ^ t'ih
g'len.
Too, Iiii\ full, (too far beyond what is
right) iiiJiJS^ t'uh ku' vun'.
Tool, SJE k'i' 'ming, il^^ka sang.
Tooth, :gpS nga 't'sz, (ache) '^
nga 't'sz t'ung'.
Top, 'M 't'ing.
Topography, MM ^i' 'H, ^AM
^^ k'oh t'su* di' ming 'k'au.
Torch, >fCJ^G. 'M 'p6.
Torment, ^H 'k'u na'.
Torment, to, (him) SHjPJi^S'^^ ka
yung vah peh i,
Tom, Jl p'u', ifJlJifS sz p'u' la
ku*.
Torpid, lift fall mo.
Torrid, (zone) ^^'M. nyih dau'.
Tortoise, ffi. kii, (shell) StJI^ te'
me' k'oh.
Tortuous, ^0H wa k'ioh.
Torture, (to) J% k'au, (examine by) |^
k'au sing'.
Total, ^ J!c gung' su', pf g^mg' ki-,
(eclipse) BM^&C nyih deu zuh
ki'.
Touch, JP mu, tt -^I siaug t'sih.
Touchstone, ^3'Q sz' kiun zali.
Tour, (make a) ^H tseu lieu, ^
tseu ytni.
Au mo.
Tow, "ft9 fjj
Tow, (to) ^ ta', (a boat) ^ td zon,
tS t'u ze.
Towards, \li] hiang', (the north) ^;}t
132
zau p6h.
TKA
Towel, r{l kiun, ^ 'seu kiun.
Tower, (for Buddha's relics or for geo-
mancy) J t'ah, (at corner of a wall)
SftiS zung koh leu.
Town, ^ tsmi'.
Toys, ^ft:|^ beh siang' kow.
Trace, BiJft tsung tsih, (no trace)
Pi^PiSi m 'yung m tsung.
Trace, to, (footsteps) J&^UllBiitJ tsue
kiak tsih, (on paper) j|5JlJ3 'tsz
long' miau.
Track, to, (a boat) }*b:)|&
t'u zen.
Tract, (of land) --^Jr Jili i^i P'ie' di',
(a tract exhorting to virtue) Hjctft
38^ k'iow' sz' vun.
Trade, ^^ sang ^^
i '
kiau yuh,
(engage in) '^ tsu' sang i', (trader)
J^ tsii' sang i' niun, ^^ k'ah
song.
Tradesman, 13}^ 'p'u 7m', ^ 'p'u
ka.
Tradition, igf$ i dzew, (from age to
age) UiiE'TBiS sz' sz' siang dzen,
Traduce, pI^r^ hwe' pong'.
Train, (retinue) iJfej Au* w-'e'.
Train, to, (soldiers) t^^^~T t'sau
liew' ping ting, (boys) 25:^>J>nf
k'iau' 'yang 'siau kon.
Traitor, ^^ kaw dzun, (betrayer of
his teacher) JJ^Tfe^fB ma' t'eh
slew sang kii'.
Traitorous, (spy) i^Wi kaw si',
(Chinese) ^ how' ka.
Trample, S^ dah, (and spoil) ^ dah
wa'.
Tranquil, fP^ bing on, JIh iin 'zing.
Tranquilize, ^.-^ u e'.

133
TRA TRE
Transact, (business) S^fS ba' zz'
t'eu t'seh.
't'i
't'i, (for another) ^ AfSC niun
tsii'.
Transaction, (tliis) ||#^ti di'
gie'
zz' 't'i.
Transcend, (what you thinlv) SS
1i>6SiBi:J:
t'sau ku' na 'su
'siang tsz zong'.
Transcribe, J^^ t'sau 'si a.
Transcribed, (copy) iP^ t'sau 'pun.
Transfer, (to another) ftSJi^'JA
dz6w peh la bih niun (remove) ^P
^ no i.
Transfigure, BfcftSI^ 'ke piew'
yung mau'.
Transformation, ^J^tP^ pie' yung
zong', (ten thousand) 'T'^-^'Hi
t'siew pie' van' hwo'.
Transgress, JQ 'van, f^ 'va fah,
y^ ^ we be'.
Transgression, p Mziie, /g 'dzue
k'iew, 3^ ku' seh, (transgressor)
JBA *va niun.
Trans-ship, ifii!lBlJftM* pc^^
tau' bih tsali '/An long' k'i'.
Transient, -^fl^ dzaw' zz, (soon pass-
es) ftS-i k'wa' ku' k'i'.
Transit, (over the sun) fJS H fflffi
Jl hang kii' nyih deu mien' long',
(transit duty in the jnterior) ^ jjli
SilftfS ne' di' ku' kwan sue*
niun.
Translate, ^p? fa yuh, (books) ^
fa7i su.
Transmigration of souls, A\S^lfiI
l(Sh dau' lun we.
Transmit, i^ dzc, (hand to) j8 ^i'-
Transparent, 383^ t'eu' kwong, Wi
Transplant, ft ^ T ?J| no i tse'
tsung'.
Transport,- (as a punishment) 3cS
t'sung kiun, (grain ) ^ yiin.
Transportation, (for three years) ^
du, (3000 li or 1000 miles) 'S Heu.
Transverse, |g w;ang, (line) ^ w;ang
sie, (transversely) I^^J wang
tu 'li.
Trap, H^ 'ki k'a.
Travel, "^'^l^ 'tseu 'yo?a lu', ffi
Pg t'seh men, 'fj 'yo yung, ^[v
t'seh nga'.
Traveller, ^Jg k'ali 'lii.
Tray, ^ Un.
Treacherous, ^i seh sing', ^^
^(0 'k'au veh dzah ku'.
Treacle, ^^'i^ dong tsiang, M dong
kiah.
Tread, ]gf dah, (down) gS /eu law.
Treasure, Jg^ niun 'liang, |}j' ^
dz6 bah.
Treasurer, (of a province) ^^^^
pii' tsung' sz, ^^ faw de.
Treasury, jj k'u', Jj^ 'fu k'u'.
Treat, persons well) f^^iJAif 'do
bih niun 'hau, (lightly) $lf^ k'iung
'du, (ill) '| 'de ma*, (for peace)
pfn 'kong /m.
Treatise, ^ su.
Treaty of peace, ^U if5 ^^^^ yi^li> (cove-
nanted ) S mung yah.
Treble, jr:.f saw be', (layers) ^H.^
saw zuug.
Tree, ^#:;^C zu moh, (of life) ^^
sung minu' zu'.
Tremble, Iff-^ fiih 'ten, Uc'K tse;?

lib.
TRO
Tremendous, Rltfif 'k'o 'p'6' ku'.
Trench, ^ keu.
Tresspass, fpjS '^e ku', ^ ku' seh.
Tresspass, (to) l-ip tuh 'dzue, JS
f^
'vaw fall.
Triad, (Buddhist) H^ sa 'pau,
(Tauist) ZL*M s^'^ t'sing.
Trial, (make) ^ 'MS sz' ih sz'
k'ow', ^ sz' lien', (pass trial before
a mandarin) fSS'gJlfSfp^ Peh
la kwew 'fii 'sun mun'.
Triangle, jr./|^ saw koh yung.
Tribe, ^"^ tsung zoh, "^^ tsz
p'a'.
Tribulation, ,5-,fi i^aw' na'.
Tribunal, -jpjf^ nga mun, (the six tri-
bunals) /^'p^ 16h 'bu.
Tributary, (kingdoms) ^S zoh koh.
Tribute, (bring) 'MM tsing' kiing'.
Trickle, fj|T3^ tih 'Aau le.
Trident, EL^^^ sa^^ ku' t'so 'tsz.
Trifle, (^to) gC# 'wa 'sa', 0^ beh
siang', ^^ hi' lung'.
Trifling, (affair) >J>^t| 'siau sz' 't'i.
Trim, (a lamp) i|;if^S
tung.
seu tsoh
Trinity, Hfi^tl saw we' ih 't'i.
Trip, (of a horse) fjm^ 'tang zie
seh.
Triple, 3f
Tripod, ^ 'ting.
sa be'.
Trivial, ^^^ veh yau' 'kiun.
Triumph, (to) 1ff tuh sung', (return
in triumph) ^^. k'e' zie.
Troops, :^^ ping 'mo, (withdraw)
IJX seu ping, (in ambush) y^ voh
ping.
134
TUB
Tropic, (of cancer) ft 'riff p6h ta', (of
Capricorn) ^ ne?e ta'.
Trouble, ^ j| mu naw-.
Trouble, (to) ^ vaw, 'f^ vaw nau',
^IM tsau 'zau, ^ 'zau lor/, %^
JDI t'au 2/iew.
Troubled mind, ^)\J lau sing.
Troublesome, (to others) y^M^MJ)
YSin *su bih niun, jM^ 'zau 16' bill
iiiun, (do not be) ^^^^ veh
yau' tu zz'.
Trough, ^5 zau, (of w^ood) /fC moh
zau.
Trowsers, l^-f; k'u' 'tsz.
Trowel, ^JJ ni tau.
Truce, ^fJJTft cl^^w' ding 'tang
tsang'.
Truculent, Ml^ hiung ok.
True, M tsun, M^^S zung zeh
vu vong'.
Truly, M:M tsun zeh, m& zeh ze',
-^ lau zeh, '^ k'iah zeh.
Trumpet, ^'^ Aau' dung, ^ koh or
kiak, PJjPAlahpah.
Trunk, ^ -J) siang tsz, (leather) Jx
^ bi siang, (for clothes) ^ i siang.
Trust, (to) ft k'auS 'i #0 le', t#
zz' le', fe JE sing' t'oh,
Trustworthy, RTIb Rift 'k'au sing,
'k'auk'au', f,^ 'wuntong'.
Trusty, *^>& tsung sing.
Truth, MM tsun 'li.
Try, fS^i sz' fah, (by tasting) ^
sz' dzang, ^ sz' few. (as a judge)
^ p^l 'sun mun'.
Tub, (small) /fvS m^^i ^"", G^rge)
tS moh 'dung.

TWi:
Tube, ^ 'k^\cn, (of baiubou) fj*^
tsoh dung.
Tug, (steam) ^Ml^HmiK^M
ta' zcw t'seh k'eu kii' 'liu lun z6n.
Tumble, &ti^\\
till 'tan.
Tumour, ^ t'song, (wateiy) ^ lieu.
Tumultuous, H^P^PM "au< 'zang 'zang,
>^i^L 'fa low', ^ 'zau low'.
Tune, |!pJ diau'.
Turban, gBIlH 'tsew deu man'.
Turbid, ^5 liwun, \^ zoli.
Turbulent, (disposition) tt'l^il'^
sing' maw' naw dzz'.
Turkey, >A:I| 'hu ki.
Turmeric, ^ J^ w?ong kiang.
Turn, If 'tsew, (back) |I|||^^ ?r6
'tse 16, (over) ^ faw 'tse?^ le, (turn
up a lamp) ^ Jt bew zong', (turn
round) 0^ ziew 'tscw, (turn round
as a wheel) $^ lun 'tscw, (watch by
turns) ^fjfcJE lun lieu k'ow'
kang.
Turning, (lathe) 1^]^ y/ieu zong'
(turner) j|^E 7.iew ziang'.
Turnip, (radish) |flj lau boh.
Turtle, (dove) $|i| peh ku, JJEJ^I
paw kieu.
Tutelary, (spirits of the land and
grain) jfife ^e' tsili, (of cities) ^
1)^^^ zung w'ang 'lau pd.
Tutor, gjfif$ sz fu', -^^ siew sang.
Tweezers, ^^jf t'ili giew.
Twelve, -^IZ zeh ni', (twelfth) H
-^Zl di' zeh ni', (12th part) -|*
* m^j^ zeh ni' fun tsz ih.
Twenty, Zl+ ni' zeh, (twentieth) J?
^"X'
tli' ni' zeh.
UNA
Twice, Ms^ 'liang t'sz', (as much) J|l
f ka be'.
Twilight, (dawn) 5C^ tiew Hang',
(evening) JT-^^H wong hwun deu.
Twins, li^ Si"^ song simg ni' 'tsz,
song 'tsz.
Twine, >J>|.ll| 'siau zung.
Twinkle, f;^ sah, (not
eye
in tlie
twinkle the
least) BSl] 'SR^
'ngaw tsing ih 'ngaw veh sah, (of stars)
i^ % yau kwong.
Twist, ^ 'nieu, (twist thread) I^Ct^
'kau siew', (cotton with the fingers)
i^M 'niah siew, (hair) |#g
piew' deu fall.
Two, Zl ni'. (persons) M^IH'liang
ka deu, (two and two) M (0 M O
'hang ku' 'hang ku'.
Tyfoon, :/cfi da' fung, K gii' fung.
Type, ^f^ 'piau yang', (moveable)
tlR ^"e1i 'paw.
Tyrannize, ^/^ pau' niah.
Tyrant, ^3E Po' ^i^ong.
U
U^ gly, ^ifM veh 'hau k'ow'.
Ulcer, ^ t'song, (have an) ^ sang
t'song, (bad ulcer) -^ doh t'song.
Ultimately, W^JMi
tau' 'ti.
Umbrella, ^ saw', (for rain) ^ 'yii
saw'.
Unable, ^"Ifa veh nung, (to bear) ^
^fi tohg' veh dzu', (to eat) P^
^^ k'iuh veh loh, (to overtake)
g^ 'kow veh song'.
Unaccustomed, ^ jK veh kwaw'.

UNO
Unacquainted, ^|?I5I veli niimj?'
tiih, (with the characters) ^H^
veh suh zz'.
ITnadulterated,
*
hu'.
(goods) ^M. tsun
Unalterable, ^

tonjj 'zeu ku'.
Undesigned, ^S^iS
137
UNP UN II
TJndeviating,
^'^^i ku' i'.
M-^^^X sz 7iau veli
'ke.
Undignified, PlJgMH m meh Ave'
fung.
Undiminished, ^'^^ veh 'ka'w 'sau.
Undisciplined, (troops) ^'i'lSHfS
:^ veh zung t'sau lie' ku' plug.
Undivided, ^^^^ veh zung fun
k'e.
Undo, ^13 'kak'e, (mil.) ^jiU ba'
t'eh.
Undoubtedly, ^ ih ding', ^-ffi
zeh z6'.
Undress, UiK t'oh i zong.
Undutiful, :^,>:^^ vehtsung veh
hi^u'.
Undulating, (surface) Sffi^^ffl
Jia35 kau ti veh 'tung ku' di' mie?*'.
Uneasy, Z^'^ilJ' veh fong' sing, il^
'li M.^^ sing veh on.
Unembarrassed, ^ t'sung yuug.
Unemployed, Pil]^-i^t|fS m s4' zz'
'fi tsu'.
Unequal, ^^U ^ veh siang 'tung, ^
^ veh dzi.
Unerring, :^fb^ veh nung t'so.
Uneven, :^^p veh biug, ^^ veh
dzi.
Unexampled, (prosperity) '^ IrJ ^
"W lISMfi ill hiang' veh zung 'yen
ku* hiung te;ong'.
Unexpectedly, f^^'iO^ 'siang veh zah,
^PSflll vehk'ohlau, ^fi|- veh
liau'.
Unfading, ^^t'^Wi
zia'.
veh k'u veh
Unfair, ^ ^'M, veh kiing dau'.
Unfaithful, ^^ veh tsiing, ^'^
seh sing', j^ f^ pe' sing'.
Unfashionable, ^^-^flj^ veh 7^eh zz
suh.
Unfathomable,
veh t'seh.
'JljJS^^Jii t'suh doh
Unfeeling, Pfti^A'H m meh niun
zing.
Unfeigned, :^MU veh 'ka tsong.
Unfilial, ^^ veh hiau*.
Unfinished, ^"fSc^ veh zung tsu'
ivin.
Unfit, (for use) ^4*^ veh tsung'
yung'.
Unfold, ^T^^ 'tang k'c le' |g
tsen k'e le.
Unforced, ^M?S veh 'miew 'k'iang.
Unforeseen, (events) fi[-^S'J{@Vti
liau' veh tau' ku' zz' 't'i.
Unforgiving, :^|jtAPP
'dzue.
veh so' niun
Unfortunate, ^i^Ht veh 'zau hwo',
^lllohnaw'.
Unfounded, P|SftPS(S m kuu m ti.
Unfriendly, ^jfU Bi veh /m moh, :^
ifS
veh 'han i'.
Unfruitful, ^taM veh kih 'ku.
Unfulfilled, ^"^/^MM- veh zung
'yen yung* men^.
Ungenerous, >J^^2r 'siau k'i'.
Ungodly, :^^IS^'" veh kung
kiung' Zang' ti'.
Ungovernable, ^M^
veh 'hau
'kwc;/, ^Ifb^'O veh nung 'kwc
ku'.
Ungrateful, fIB h>^' un, S>i'ft
^ vong' un fu' ni'.
Unhappy, iJJ 'k'u, jS^^jf^TtYtin'

k'i' veil 'ban.
UNI
Unhealthy, yKil^M
'"Lau.
'sz 't'u veh
Unhurt, ^"^^^iU veh zmig 'zeu
song.
TTnicom, ^^ ^^ doh koli suii'.
"Unidiomatic, 35CS^)4
t'ung.
^^^ '^^ ^'*^^^
Uniform, (they are) ^^'^Wi ^^^^^
'zz ih yang

UNS
Unnecessary, ^i}^ veli pih.
Unoccupied, (house) ^^-J k'uug
Yong 'tsz, (persons) {^^ /iawnimi.
Unobserved, PHy^^f-^ m iiiim 'hiau
tub.
Unwholesome, (climate) 7]Cj::^5j
'sz 't'u veil 'liaii.
Unparalleled, PS^RTJ^bO m "^^^^i
'k'au 'pi ku'.
Unpardonable, ^'^Witk
'iiiau so'.
Unphilosophical, ^^JSM
dau* 'li.
veil 'k'au
veli hoh
Unpleasant, ^4*^8 veh tsung' V, ^
ifiASIDC veh peh iiiun 'hi h\v6.
Unpolished, ^1^ mau 'tsau, ^ 3
V'U veh kwong wah.
Unprecedented, (affair) ^1^^^^
f@VtS 2ung 16 veh zung 'yeuku'
zz' 't'i.
Unprejudiced, PftJr-S ni p'ie kie;2,
veh ku'ni, ^fLEi
^^\)l
veh tseh 'kl kiew'.
Unprofitable, OftixS^ ^'^ "leh yuh
tsu'.
Unpropitious, jXJ hiung, ^"^ veh
kih.
Unquencheable, M^^ ^"^^ ^^^^ 1",
JJ5t mill veh t'eh.
Unreasonable, :^"n*1wS
dzing 'li.
veh Aeh
Unredeemable, ^^^M "^'^h hau 5:6h,
^ zoh veh le.
Unrighteous, ^ 5*^ veh kung ni'.
Unripe, ^ sang, :^ J|^ veh zoh.
Unroll, tT^ 't-^"S k'e.
Unsafe, ^Siil veh 't'u tong', j^,
ugwc 'hie.
139
UNT
Unsearchable, jBjJ^^ffi t'suh doh
veh t'seh.
Unseasonable, flff^^^ff zz 'heu' veh
te'.
Unseemly, :^^g veh heh ni, ^^klr
y^ veh 'hau k'o;;'.
Unseen, ^^*^Jif@ veh k'u;/ kie
la ku' (world) |^ [h^ yun kaw.
Unserviceable, ^^M veh tsung'
yung'.
Unsettle, J^JJj yau dung', J^ sew,
d6ng'.
Unskaken, ^^ veh dung', |t g[ ^
nil 'wun ku' veh dung'.
Unskilled, ^ J^ veh zoh, ^'g' veh
6-6'.
Unsociable, ^:/;S|ilSJA^if veh
da' 'li full niun kiau 'hau.
Unspeakable, pj:^^f@
kiV, ^^ tro' veh 'dzing.
tvO' veh 16
Unsuccessful, ^ia'ffc veh'zauhwo',
Vtl^J'i'i^^z' 't'i vehzun'tong',
^f#S veh tuhi'
Unsuitable, :^^0 |i?veh siang t'sung',
^Hffl veh yung yiing'.
Unsuspecting, :^|5l!( veh iii ^oh.
Untalented, :^;:J; veh dzc, PiTls::^;
m 'pun '/z.
Untameable, :^tbf'JJIK veh nung tsz
voh.
Unteachable, JJ;:^^
Unthankful, ^^jgtMfi
ku'.
kiau' veh 16.
veh 'kew un
Until, lit JlJ dzuk tau', tau',5 't'sau'
tau', K gih tau'.
Untimely, ^^M^^M veh zung
tau' zz Aeu', (death) ^ Jljfllf^flg
^f@ veh tau' zz Aeu' lau 'si ku',

UPP
(old age or early
death cannot be
previously fixed) tt^^^"^3't
zeu' yau vi 'k'aii s'len ding'.
Unto, (as a dative, nnto him)
peh la i, (till) 12 JlJ dzuk tau'.
Untoward, ^HSift
J4fi^
veh zue i'.
Untractable, ^ft^lM veh i veh
ziin'.
Untrue, ^M veh tsiin.
Untruth, :^ s* vong' yie, pJuhJiC soh
hwong.
Unusual, ffi^ t'seh gi, ^ gi kwa'.
Unutterable,J^:^^$f@
soh veh le
kiV, (distress) ^/f^ RTs* '1^'^'^ P^l^
'k'au yie;2.
Unvarying, ^HK veh kang kc.
Unwary, ^U'lit veh 'kiun zun', ^
]|pl>L? veh si' sing.
Unwell, ^S veh suh i', BJJ'|^
veh sojri" k'vva'.
Unwilling, ^ ^ veh 'k'un 'Ifi^
veh dzing nibn'.
Unworthy, (I am) :^f veh p'c', g^
"^ veh 'ke toiig, (it is unworthy of
notice) ^ 3:,^'M*
veh tsuh we i'.
"UP) (go) JlJ-tffi:^ tau' zong* deu
k'i', (up to this time) '^^iH'^
dzuh tau' zu kiun, (push up) ^_L
^ t'e zong k'i'.
Upbraid, ^ffl] tsah he'.
Uphold, ife^ vd dzz.
Uplifted, (eyes) f^j^SBS ^'ong hah
'zu 'ngaw.
Upon, (the ground) mJH dl' long,
.
(the table) $jj'
'tsz long'.
Upper, Jl zong',
la ZOTV4' deu kit
4ffi-?J:iehlad6
140
Uppermost,
tsvie' kau.
USII
S J: tsz' zong', l^"^
Upright, (physically) ^it 'zu lih,
)1:[^^(@ 'zu'k'i leku', (morally)
IE IS tsung' dzuh.
Uproar, P>^ fsau nan', fL&l^
lon^ fun fun.
Uproot, JM^'kk ^ah t'eh kun.
Upset, (by pushing) ^ffj) t'e 'tau,
(turn over) ^ 'fan 'tau.
Upside, (down) ;gj| tie
'tau, K
'tau 'fa.
Upstairs, U Jl leu long'.
Upwards, fJJl 'wong zong', Ip]J:
8M^ hiang' zong' deu k'i', (100
years and upwards) ^"'S ^^Ju
ih pah niew 'i zang'.
Urbanity, Iffl m 't'i, f^ '11 mau'.
Urge, fgig t'sue pi', t'sue.
Urgent, g-^ yau' 'kiun, ^^ zah
kih.
Urgently, ffilJ 'k'un t'sih, (entreat)
^^ t'sih t'sih 'k'un gieu.
Urine, (to pass) fg7jC za' 'sz, >J>jg
'siau bie'.
Us, fJ^'jE 'ngu ni'.
Usage, ^^g kwe' 'ku, (receive ill
usage) ^A^ft zeu' niun 'we
k'ioh.
Use, ^ yung', '^ 'sz, 'sz yung', (of
no use) PMfflA m yung' t'su', (use
is second nature) ^'\m^M zih
kwa' zz' zen, (enjoy use of) ^^
zeu' yung'.
Useful, %'^ 'yeuyung', UM 'yeu
yung' deu.
Useless, ^ ^^ y^ng' veh zah.
Usher, (in) 5158^ 'yung tsing' le.

141
VAC
VAR
>a
Usual, '^ dzang, ^- bing dzang, ^ Vagabond, 5ES kwong kwun, SC
zing dzang, (has been usually so) "^
'M^ bing su' zeh ke'.
Usurp, ^'fiS'po' tsiew, i$ t'singtsie^^
(imperial name) flfS^IS tsiep^
t'sung tsun' 7iau'.
Usury, JiilgBI^'J fong' tsang' du li',
H^^V^fi^lJl. fong' tsang'
du veil kung bing ku' li sih.
Utensils, (of iron) | t'ih k'i', (for
family use) ^^^ ka sang,
k'i* 'ming ka sang.
Utility, S^ffi ynk t'su-'.
Utmost, (exert strength to the)
^2^] dzing' sing dzing' lih, f^j^J
dzing' sing gih lih, (miserable to the
utmost degree) "^fiy'flj 'k'u tub
giuh.
Utter, ^[li^ still fseh 16, (destruc-
tion) MfiWM ^zing' y^^-ng ta'
Uttermost, M j^ B Jiii tsz' giub die
di'.
Y acancy, ^ k'iob, (wait for) ^'@|
'^^ 'tung hen' 'yeu k'iob, (fill a
vacancy) -j^ 'pu k'iob.
Vacant, ^ k'ung.
Vacation, SfelfMfM k'""S' ^'^w
kiV zz Aeu'.
Vaccinate, f^n^^ tsung' nieu deu'.
Vacillate, H >&W M^ a?/ sing 'bang i'.
Vacuum, *^}M k'ung t'su', (there is a
vacuum here) jl^uJiliWiSr 't'sz di'
yeu k'ung'.
lieu mong, ^ffl fi 16'.
Vain, gig fab bu, f^ hii veu, (vain
world) ^ETEffi^r-
li^vo' bw6' sz'
kaS (do in vain) & gjgffi ^^li
bab li tsi'i'.
Valet, Eft^f kun paw.
Valiant, ||J 'yung mung\
& Valid, 4^'g' 't'utong'
k'au'
tuh zab.
Valley, Ul^ff saw kob, ll]4ffl
sa tsung bing di'.
Valuable, SM'paup6S {iKMfi
dzuk ka' die;i ku', (valuables) ^
tsun 'pau.
Value, (to) ;(; kwe' 'dzung, (set a
value on) ^ 'ku, '^ 'kii dzuh
(what is its value) {jtMAi f^^uk
'ki ho', H^-M sa' ka' diew, (what
do you value it at) {Rf^ niing 'ku
sa' ka' diew.
Vanish, tfxJa^ sn' t'eb, (in a moment)
l:X:^i;^^ ihhih kung
fu dzieu' veh kiew' t.s6.
Vanity, @ p^ if zz' k'wo zz', Q %%
5 @ ^^C ^z' ka kow' zz' ka du',
(of the -world) ffi#f@^i? s^' ka,
ku' bu veu.
VanqLuish, l^l^ tub sung'.
Vapid, \^M ^aW bob.
Vapour, ^ k"i', (fog) ^ vu'.
Variable, BfcffiO 'ke pie' ku'.
Variegated, 3|Han1S< 'ng ngaw lob
sub.
Variety, (there is) ^^fj^l yeb fun
pib, W^feffti 'yf"^^
kob yang'.
i^^ ^^^^
Various, (colours) ##|Hfi knb

yaiig' Bgan siih.
TEN
Vary, \ij^^ 'ko pie^^'.
Varnish, ^ yen, (to varnisli) Jlf^I
'zong yen.
Vase, (for flowers) ^fS ^^^'^ l^ii^S-
Vast, MMW& 'liworig
inen.
Vault, Si k'ung t'su'.
Vaunt, i^ @ zz* k'wo zz'.
Veal, ^J>'t*1^J 'siau nieu iiiuk.
k'weli vu
VegetaWe, ^ t'sc', ^ su', t'se' su',
(vegetable garden) |^ t'se' yo.
Vehement, MS 'kiun kih.
Veil, ^BI k6' deu, If IS mie;^ p'6',
(to veil) ^tx tso meb.
Vein, JJJc niah, Jfll. hiiieh m/ih.
Velocity, 3^ soli, (how much) ^fl^
5^ j^ 'ki ho' dzz soh, (measure of )
^^
soh sell.
Velvet, ^ niung, (cotton) |^ miew
niung, (of silk) j]t^ sz niung.
Venerable, ^^ men 'lau, PTSi RT
'M 'k'o kiung' 'k'o 'dzung.
Venerate, ^Sl kiung' 'dzung, ^
tsun 'dzung, ;^ kiung' we^.
Venereal-ulcer, I^^S yang me'
t'song, (poison) ^ yang me' dob.
Venetians, 'S^'M- pah yih t'song.
Vengeance, (take) ^^ffc pau' gieu.
Venison, ^[^lohniob.
Venom, ^|^ doh k'i'.
Venomous, (snake) ^4*^ dob z6.
Vent, (anger) ^]S fab nu'.
Ventilate, (a room) MWltMBi
vong kan '11 t'uDg fung.
Ventricles, (of the Heart) i\j^ sing
k'iau'.
142
VEll
Venture, (in face of danger) B|^
man' 'hie?^, (risk life) ij^^ p'ing
ming'.
Veracity, pJiBSftR sebtto' tsun zeb.
Verandah, p^J^ yang long, J yang
do, jS| yen long.
Verb,

VIE
IH 'ting 'hau, if 3^?E 'li^u le 'si,
(very hot) *j^*^ kwa' iiyili.
Vessel, S^M k'i' 'ming, if^ ka
sang.
Vest, ^JLi p6' sing.
Vestments, ^:^ i zong.
Veteran, 1^:^ 'lau ping, W*MM^
zoli lie ku' i^ing, p^ 'eu 'lie;? ku'
ping.
Vex, /H'I vaw 'nan, H^ na wo'.
Vexation, ^B^k'i' miin', jj^^J
sing
'li van 'nau.
Vial, (small glass vial) >J\;
'siau pu li bing.
Vibrate, ^l^Si: 'pa ^^e 'pak'i\
Vice, JlSSfSfr ^ia ok ku' Aang
wo'.
Viceroy, ^^"^ 'tsung toh, 'ifjlj^
do.
tsz'
Vicinity, (in the) ffj^ vu' 'giung,
(near Shanghai) ^|J:i#i liZoug
'he 'giun.
Vicious, 5I$i^ zia J^^ve' li'.
pih, ^eM
Vicissitudes, (of the world are constant)
ka long' ku' kwong 'kiung dzang
dzang 'ko piew'.
Victim, (sacrificial) f^^ hi sang,
(the three sacrificial animals) ^S
Victorious, (soldiers) SflS:^ tiih
sung' ku' ping, (victor over enemies)
^^BMikiUA tub sung' gieu
dill ku' uiun.
Victory, (defeat and) ^|{>^ svi yung.
View, (according to my) M?^{@ft
^ tsau' 'ngu ku' i' kie?i', (a beauti-
ful view) M^M 'hau 'kiung tsz'.
-View, (to) S k'o', 12 kwen k'on',
143
VIS
Vigilant, pife 'kiun zun', (be vigilant)
mi\J' lieu sing.
Vigour, m.^ k'i' hh, jftll tsing
zun, tsing k'i' zun.
Vigorous' '^jttgie??' tsong'.
Vile, ^ dziew', ^ p6' dziew', fUpjS
'pi leu'.
Vilify, gJlf hwe"pong.
Village, -^j t'sun, j t'sun tsong, ^
t'sun /iong', ^PP hiang t'sun.
Villager, IPPHFA- hiang '/tau niun.
Villain, f^'^EfiA k6 'si ku' niun.
Villainous, 5fS i^aw oh, 3E iiii^ng
oh, (aflair) ^^j^fS^tl song' sing
ku' zz' 't'i.
Vindicate, ^^ sun y6, ^AM.
H|J t'i' niun 'blew ming.
Vindictive, (disposition) ^^ {ft,{|i!>] >ii
pau' gieu ku' sing.
Vine, ^ bu dau, ^^ beh dau.
Vinegar, g{^ t'su'.
Vineyard, ^ IQ dau yon.
Violate, (oath) ^ p6' zz', (oath)
$5 p6' yah, (laws) JBS 'va fah,
(chastity) ^/ ling zoh.
Violence, (take by) ^^ k'iang no.
Violent, _b[i^ hiung pau', jg^ hiung
oh.
Viper, ^it doh dz6.
Virgin, ^^ dung 'nii, ^i diing
tsung 'vu 'nil.
Virtue, ffg tuh, f} tub yung', ft tuh
sing'.
Virtuous, H 'zew, ^ 'zew liang.
Virulent, 1X|JS hiung oh, ^ij^* H'
Ac'.
Viscera, jIKT^JJift 'ng zong 16h 'fu.
Visible, ^"ItJEfO k'o' tuh kie

144
VOL WAI
kd', (form) 5^^ ynng zian^^;-', (vi-
sible creation) W?]^ffi 5^Ji!l 'yen
yung ku' t'iew di'.
Vision, (faculty of) W9S{l|flbS
'yen 'ngaw tsing nung k.*6n', (a vi-
sion) ^'^ i' ziang'.
Visit, ^'^ pa moDg', mong' mong',
"^ hew' he\i\
Visitation, jl^^ zing t'sah.
Visitor, ^J^ k-ah niun, ^ ping
k'ali.
Vital, ii'14^f@ k\va sing' niing'
ku'.
Vitiate, iH era'.
Vitriol, i

WAR
ninn, J^ yuna niun.
Wake, S 'sing, ^ 'sing ngu'
Waken, ^M kiau' 'sing.
Walk, ^ 'tseii, (go on foot) $fJ bu'
ynng, (take a walk) ;^' "^ 'tseii
ill 'tseii.
Wall, tII dziang (of compartment)
M pih, (city wall)
zung, (the
great ^'^^^^' wall) '^i
'M^&M
dzang zung.
Walnut, bQ^D hu. dau, (coUuquud, bu
dan).
Wand, JSK 'kwa 'dzang.
Wander about, )^ jS^ tseu yeu, iy
yeu yung.
Want, (desire) ^ yau', (has
no defi-
ciency) Plix^Sfcm meh 'k'iew
k'ioh, ^^p^M!^'^ veh 'sail stV
nieli zz', ^ m sa' k'ioli vah.
Wanton, Pl^K m sieu 't'sz, ^^
zia yun.
War, ^\^ 'tang tsang', (go to war)
Wi\^ dung' ku k'u, (war boats)
r^AS ping z6, (war ofKce) ^%
ping 'bu.
Ward, (off) t?$fi bong be', ^f fj
bu' we.
Warder, jiSiSffl zing dz6 ku=, (by
night) ^ zing ya* ku'.
Wardrobe, ^|1 i kwe', ^ i zi\.
Wares, ^'S hu suh, (porcelain ware)
mife tlzz k'i-', (miscellaneous wares)
-Mi. zah hu'.
Warehouse, ^^J^ 'dzaw vong, (tea
warehouse) -^ dz6 'dza, (keeper)
^^ k'o;? 'dza;? von!Z kiV.
145
WAT
Warlike, (Implements) ^ 'vu k'i*,
'now, ^^ 'no;? ^ ping
nyih, ^U
k'i'
Warm, ^
'now M.
Warm, (the liands at a fire) JS^/^CiJ
HK K^ '14 'hu ha?r deu hung
ih hung 'sen.
Warming pan, (for the hajids) ^^
'sen lu, (for the feet) lifl kiah lu.
Warn, t^ kiung ka', fj^ k'iow*
'mie;*.
Warp, g kiung, ^ 'zu, (and woof)
i^ kiung we', (perpendicular threads)
J^
'zu sie'.
Warrant, (issue a) ffi ^ t'seh p'iau',
(lias a warrant to seize a criminal)
Wli#:|PA 'yeu p'iau' tsoh
no 'dzue niun.
Warrant, (to) {^ 'pan, (give him a
warrant book) Mi^M^Wi- peh i
7iau' 'bu.
Wash, C 'si, i^ 'si y6h, (clothes) ^
zing' i zong, (bathe the body)
^ 'si tsau"', zing' yoh.
Washerman, ^

WEA
Watch, (to) 5^ k'o 'seu, (by
night) ^ k'ow' kang, (against) \^^
bong 'seu, (watcli conduct) 'i~XMj
k'o' hsLUg ive, (the house) ^^
"k'on^ vong 'tsz.
Watch-hut, 'g'^ kang so'.
Watchful, fil'|M 'kiun zun'.
Watchman, ^lf@ k'ow kang ku'.
Watch-tower, |U kang leu.
Water, 7jC 'sz, (cold) ^^ 'lang 'sz,
(boiling) '{S. 'kwun 'sz, (clear) Jft
t'sing 'sz.
Water, (to) ^Jp| tsz zun', (flowers)
H^^
kiau hwo.
Watercourse, 7K^'' 'sz lii', ^
'sz keu.
Water-lily, -{if f-^ /m hwo, j8 lie
hwo.
Water-melon, "B jR
Wave, 'Si^M P^ long'.
si kwo.
Wave, to, (the hand) %^ yau 'seu
(a flag) JflKliweji.
Waver, j::.>[iM >& sa?i sing 'liang V,
fSli^S fan ni veh ding'.
Wax, ^\, lah, (yellow) ^ ^-ong lah,
(bees-wax) ^'fcl mih lah.
Wax, to, (great) ^7C 'tsang du''.
Way, kV, (of death) ^ 'si lii',
(public way) g kwe?i lu', (method)
::frJ-ifongfah, ilj fahtsuh.
Wayward, ^/^ wan bi, HHt'f^
zue zz dzang pie^i'.
We, ^^iff^ 'ngu 'ni.
Weak, l^ll 'iiio zah, 'g nu zah.
Wealth, ^ly- tsz' dz6, (acquire) |1
|j5* fall dze.
Weapons, (luilitary) :^S ping k'i',
(sliield and spear) '~f^^ kirn k'u.
146
WEL
Wear, (clothes) ^^^ tsah i zong,
(a cap) ^'Pg-J* ta' mau' 'tsz,
(worn out) ffli^^S Jiing' wa' 'ts6.
Wearied, ^i^ bi gio', (in the feet)
Sait
kiah 8un.
Weary, Hff k'wun' giow', Jf St
sa du.
Weasel, ^J^ tt'ong long.
Weather, 5C^ t'iew k'i'.
Weather-gage, ^Sj^ sz' fiing gi.
Weave, |^ tsuh.
Weaver, ^^f@ tsuh pu' ku'.
Wehfooted, (ducks are) ^%^^^
ifeJa^SffifS ah 'tsang dzew 'zz bi
'tsz siang lien ku'.
Wedding, (keep a) fj5^0 tsii' 'hau
nyih, (feast) MM liwun yun, |
f^ hwun yun p'len zih.
Wedge, ^p'ih.
Weed, ; 't'sau, ^ oh 't'sau.
Weed, (to) ^'^ bah 't'sau, |^H
yun- die??.
Week, (seventh day worship) ^ Q
Sl^ t'sih nyih 'li pa', (one week)
-f@ ihku' 'lipa'.
Weep, 55 k'oh, '^^ lieu 16'.
Weigh, (things) Wt^'^ t'suDg meh
Z2', (in the mind) ^Sl ^^^"^
(anchor) ^1^ 'k'i mau.
^sah^
Weight, (a brass) i^Wj fah 'mo, (two
catties in weight) ^M/T 'dzuiig
'liang kiun.
Weighty, ^ 'dzung, ^^ yau' 'kiun.
Welcome, (give) 'K'^fgfgS
k'a' k'a' i^^'eli well tsih zah, (wel-
come news) ^>g4@fii i& tsung' i
ku* sins' sih.

WHE
Weld, >ffc hwoS };iR yang' t'eh.
Welfare, ^^ bing on.
Well, 5^ 'tsing, (it is well) iff 'hau,
(are you well) ij-jk^ 'hau la 'va,
(pretty well) WJi^ 'k'o 'i, (do it
well) ^iH^'t^M yau' 'liau'hau
nung tsu'.
Wen, ^-^ lieu 'tsz, ?g yung lieu.
West, W si.
Western, (ocean) '5'^siyang,(gate)
"H P^
si num.
Wet, M sa5i, (damp) 5|9 dzau sah,
(nurse) iS^ 'na sun sun, (wetted
with rain) ilJl^j^M ling zah tsz
'ya-
Wliale, .SJ@, giung ng, ^ ngoh ng.
Wharf, tSH 'nio deu.
What, n#J^ sa' meh zz', (what are
you doing) HS^W^ tsu' sa', (what is
your age) "^J^ kwe' kang, (in what
manner) ^JRIlb 'na nung.
Whatever, ^fj^ll^ vehlun' sa', ^
veh ku Sa', Ji^ van, :fe JL da' van.
Wheat, ^ mah, ij> 'siau mah.
Wheel, $1 lun, (for raising water) y}C
^
'sz t'so.
Wheel-harrow, ^-^^ t'so 'tsz, A^
fQ niun t'e ku' t'so 'tsz.
When, fMi 'ki zz, WM^M sd' zz
Aeu', (when he comes) '0^^iS>^
^ i 16 ku' zun kwong', ^^"^^
'zz i ill 16.
Whence, i'jW>M^ 'tang 'a 'li 16, 'a
'11 16, ^ ztJng a 'li 16.
Whenever, ^^qjPM56 veh kii sa'
zun kwong, (whenever I think of it
^^y&M 'nie 'me 'siang tau'.
47
WHO
I 'd 'li, J leh len hla
'a
'li, ?t sa'
'a 'li dong, R#j5^ sa' Au
Where, ^j)^: a u, i}i/j^JL
dong, (wherever) ^f^^ISX veh
kii 'a 'li.
Wherefore, @tl# ^^e' sa'.
Whether, (to ride or walk) ^H^,?^
Wiji7 ^vo\\ gi 'mo w;6h bu' Aang,
(I do not know whether or not he
will be willing) ^W^yP'n^
^ veh 'hiau tuh i 'k'ung veh 'k'ung.
Whet, 0'tfe mil k'wa', (stone) J}^
mu tau zah.
Which, SRS-^fEl
'a 'li ih kii'.
While, (I go) S?*f@S#1i'nguk'i,
ku' z/ Aeu', (wait a while) ^ "^
'tung ih h'ih, (a great while) py^
'hij 'kieu.
Whip, f^^ piew 'tsz, (of leather) ^
bi pie?2.
Whip, (to) ff 'tang.
Whirl, ]5^f zieM 'ts6w, ^ hdn 'tse.
Whirl-wind, "^S z'len fung.
Whisky, ;^S sau 'tsieu.
Whisper, HS^&IS'vu'ni 'tubah
White, ^ bah.
Whitewash, ]|& seh bah, (with
whiting) ^TI^" 'tang 'fun.
Whither are you going? JllJlS^^
tau' 'a 'li k'i'. W^J^Ji^ sa' sue k'i'.
Who*? |1A sa-' niun.
Whoever, ^fpjfli^A veh kii sa' niun.
Whole, ^ ziew, 7c *^'e zie, @H
(;eh lun, (whole night) ^i^ zien
ya', (ate the whole) |jj^^^5
k'iuh tsz ih kwong, (whole world)
''S^^C^T' ^*6h t'ie^i 'ti 'an, (whole
family) Mf^ 'ii^

WIL
number) ^Jt gung' suS (the whole)
-^-^ ih t'sih, -^If, gung' 'tsung,
fl 'lung 'tsilng, (the whole empire)
5C r """if^ t'iew 'au ih 't'ung.
Whore, g^ 'piau 'tsz, ^g^^ t'sang
Whoredom, (and gaming) ^IflS 'Liaii
'tu.
Whose? tl^Af@ sa' niun ku'.
Whosoever, ^^JujU^A veh kii sa'
niun.
Why, jg [|^ ,,.e' ScV.
Wick, S;^ timg sing, ^timg't'sau.
Wicked, ^ oh, ^ tiaii oh, (di.^isposi-
tion) "H oh sing', (man) A oh
niun, (customs) fj^ oh zih.
Wickerwork, (of wilhw) ^fl^M lieu
diau pie, (of hedge saplings) ^'ij
kiung' diau pie;?.
Wide, ^ k'weh, ^ 'kwong k'weh.
Widen, ii^k'c k'weh.
Widow, ^ 'kwo VU-, ^f$ ku
song, (remain a widow) ^ 'seu
'kwo.
Wife, ^-p t'si tsz, (honorific, your
wife) :^A fu niun, Jf /new t'si,
{depredator >/, mj^ wife) p^ A no'
niun, (stupid sapling) fjUflJ tseh
kiung, (marry a wife) ftf;^^^^
't'au diV niang 'tsz.
Wild, If 'ya, JJg fong'dongS (animals)
ffffif; 'yaseu' (talk) ^^g
fSlJuJiO gwong A'ong' ku' seh o'.
Wilderness, i^^f 'k'wong 'ya.
Wiles, l^li" kwe' ki'.
Wilful, tkM k'r !', (wilfully trans-
gress) BJ^O&Jamingtsz kiV 'va;^
148
WIS
Will, ^^ 'tsu i', , i'
sz, (good will)
^f 'hau i', (imperial will) ^^
tsz'
i', ^ sung' tsz', (testament) jj
^ i su, (will of heaven) 5cS t'ie?^
i'
(I will) JIJ-^ 'ng4 'k'ung, (it AviU
do) PfJiJ. 'k'o 'j, '# 'sz tuh.
Willing, -^ 'k'ung, '[f zing nio;?'^
O >Li* k'^^ sing.
Willow, |5P|Si heu ziV, ^^ yang lieu
ziV, (saplings) jl^ lieu diau.
Win, f^' tuh sung', (win at play)
USS 'tu yung.
Wind, S f'^mg, (contrary) j|| niuli
fung, (fair)- )l^ zun' fung.
Wind, (to) ftll zie;2 'tsc;?, gf^
dzcH zau, ^ fee;? 'tse (a watch)
ifl^ k'o 'piau.
Winding, ^^ waw k'ioh, (many)
-t^ftAil^ t'sih k'ioh pah 'niau.
Windlass, -^^UnVao.
Window, ^^, t'song.
Wine,.'i@ 'tsieu, (grape) ^^ bu dau
'tsieu, (winepress) ^p.
Wing, IftMlkihh.
'tsieu tso'.
Wink, f^SJI sail 'nga, (wink at, con-
nive) ^itX^M^ tsong tsu' veh
k'o' kiew'.
Winnow, f|||j pu yang.
Winter, ^ tung, (to pass the winter)
J& ku' tung.
Wipe, (with wet cloth) |g k'a (feather
brush) Jli 'to;?, SU seh, (wipe away
tears) JSKS suh 'nga?ni'.
Wire, iUi ie^?', (copper) Ifpj dung
sie??'.
Wisdom, ^B tsz' c'.
Wise, Wli '.yen kie;r suh, ^gW.

140
WIT won
'yen tsz' weS (the wise)^A^
A sung' niun y'len niun.
Wish, (according to my) ^fSf^.g*
S heh 'ngu lu'i' i' sz', (obtain one's
Avisli) ixf ,g, tub i'.
Wish, (to) ] niow', *[ zing nio;?-',
E^fl l'^z' i' tsib, B ling tsib,
JlJ zun tsib.
Wonder, (to) %M t'sa' i, ^'^ gi
kwa', #bigi, !iHttu I'aktsz
sa' nung.
Wonderful, ^Jj? gi mian', % gi
kwa', Jpip
zun miau'.
Wonted, (ingenuity) H^fflfi^S
dzang 'yen ku' ling 'k'iau.
Wood, /fvFH
"^

WRE
Workman, HIA kuiig niun
dziang'.
World, ffi-^ sz' kaS (customs of the)
iS(^ song sing.
Wrangle, ^1^ tsung teuS i^ tsung
giung'.
Wrap, QJS pankwah, fe^ pau
'k'i 16.
Wrapper, ^^ pau pu', IJpau v6h.
Wrath, S^ j^ fun nu', ^ tsun' nii'.
Wrench, jjc 'nieu.
Wrestle, /ft] |^ siang teu'.
150
YEA
Wretched,* ^ 'k'u, f^ 'Wu 'nau, (life)
-^ 'k'u ming-'.
Wright, ICE kung dziang'.
Wring, f niung, (dry) !^ niung kiiw.
Wrinkles, |$ tseu' vun.
Wrist, ^tj^ 'seu ga', fl^ 'seu wom.
Write, ^ 'sia, (characters) i^
zz', (a letter) i% 'sia sing'.
'si a
Writer, S?f0 'sia zz' kii', (for
government officers) ^*p| su pa,
(amanuensis) fi^^flSA cl6' 'sia
ku' niun, do' sii.
Writing, ^^'seupih, J^ pih fah,
(materials) j|E^{!.| 'tsz muh pih
men', 3^^H5 vun vong sz' Wrong,
'pau.
^iit veh 'zz, ^^ 'yeu
t'so, (my wrongs) f^SfS^fi
'ngu 'zeu kii' yon 'wong, ^09 '"g'J^
'zeu ku' we k'ioh, (not at all wrong)
-^SS^M ih 'ngaw veh t's6.
X am, (Chinese) |il^ sa; yah.
Yard, ZIZ,}^ saw t'sah.
Yam, (of cotton) Tiftv|y nue so, (of
wool) ^^ yang mau so.
Year, ^ rAen, (how many years old
are you) MrL^lB 'ki ho' niew
'ki, ^M 'ki sue', (this year) 4*
kiun nie??. (next year) ^ k'e nie,
^ 16 niew, P^ ming nie, (once a
year) '^'^ ih niew ih t'sz',
g (last year) -^ k'ii' nie, "g gieu'
niew, (j'ear before last) "fltf
ziew nie,
(end of the year) ^ men 'ti, (new

YOU
year) ^ sing meii, (pass
year) 5H kiV niew.
Yearly, ^^ nie;e nie;i nyih 'tsz.
Yet, ^ wan, tE 'a, (he will yet come)
i?^M^ i 'a yau' 16, (it may yet
(j nyih sing.
Zealous, PS^* y^^ S^^"-
Zenith, 3clH t'iew 'ting.
Zodiac, (of 12 signs) '^Zl*^ zeh
ni' kung, (of 28 constellations) Z^T'
y\^ rh* zeh pah sieu*.
Zone, (torrid) ^JE nyih dau', (north
frigid) 4fc$?S poh hon dau', (south
temperate) mfm, new wun dau'.

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