The Gothic and dark romanticism - University of Alberta
The Gothic and dark romanticism - University of Alberta
The Gothic and dark romanticism - University of Alberta
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
Friday, September 30, 2011<br />
THE GOTHIC AND DARK<br />
ROMANTICISM<br />
Dr. Svitlana Krys<br />
MLCS 499/ C LIT 497<br />
Sept 30, 2011
THE GOTHIC<br />
• Literary movement that contained the elements <strong>of</strong> the<br />
romance <strong>and</strong> horror<br />
• Origins: From “Goth” – Northern tribes that invaded Europe<br />
in 4-6 cc. AD<br />
• In architecture: revival <strong>of</strong> medieval forms, pointed tops <strong>of</strong> the<br />
cathedrals, flying buttresses, vaults, <strong>Gothic</strong> decorations<br />
(monsters, birds with 2 heads, gargoyles)<br />
• Goal: to represent horrific reality<br />
Friday, September 30, 2011
Friday, September 30, 2011
GIAMBATTISTA PIRANESI (1720 –1778)<br />
THE PRISONS (CARCERI)<br />
Friday, September 30, 2011
HORACE WALPOLE (1717 –1797)<br />
<strong>The</strong> Castle <strong>of</strong> Otranto (1764) -<br />
inaugurated the <strong>Gothic</strong> literary<br />
movement<br />
Features:<br />
-Haunted, gloomy castle<br />
-Deserted location<br />
-Secret passages, underground<br />
tunnels, lots <strong>of</strong> staircases <strong>and</strong> (<strong>of</strong>ten<br />
locked) doors<br />
Friday, September 30, 2011
FEATURES OF THE GOTHIC NOVEL (CONTINUED)<br />
- Graveyard, the dead, death, church bells tolling<br />
- Dungeons / bell towers<br />
- A play <strong>of</strong> <strong>dark</strong> <strong>and</strong> light,<br />
night <strong>and</strong> day<br />
- Twilight / liminal time<br />
- Supernatural: witchcraft, magic, vampires, etc.<br />
Friday, September 30, 2011
CHARACTER TYPES<br />
• “Damsel” in distress (virgins,<br />
young men, <strong>of</strong>ten fatherless)<br />
• Villain (an evil father /<br />
relative, a sadistic monk, a<br />
foreigner )<br />
• A hero / a rescuer<br />
Friday, September 30, 2011
PLOT AND METHOD OF NARRATION<br />
• Complex, broken, distorted, baroque plot<br />
• Chinese box <strong>of</strong> narration (story within a story)<br />
• A discovered manuscript technique – to add<br />
credibility to the narration<br />
• Emphasis on psychology: dream states,<br />
hallucinations, visionary experiences<br />
Friday, September 30, 2011
TWO SCHOOLS OF THE GOTHIC<br />
• Ann Radcliffe (1764 – 1823)<br />
Sentimental <strong>Gothic</strong><br />
Features:<br />
• Supernatural always explained<br />
at the end<br />
• Emphasis on the experience <strong>of</strong><br />
the sublime / emotions<br />
<strong>The</strong> Mysteries <strong>of</strong> Udolpho (1794)<br />
Friday, September 30, 2011<br />
• Matthew Lewis (1775 – 1818)<br />
Frenetic <strong>Gothic</strong><br />
Features:<br />
• Emphasis on the supernatural,<br />
unreal, uncanny; unexplained<br />
• Very bloody, violent, gory events<br />
<strong>The</strong> Monk (1796)
FOLLOWERS AND PRACTITIONERS<br />
• Sentimental <strong>Gothic</strong><br />
Francis Lathom, <strong>The</strong> Midnight Bell (1798)<br />
• Frenetic <strong>Gothic</strong><br />
Charles Maturin, Melmoth the W<strong>and</strong>erer<br />
(1820)<br />
Friday, September 30, 2011
THE GERMAN GOTHIC (DER SCHAUERROMAN)<br />
Friedrich Schiller (1759–1805)<br />
<strong>The</strong> Ghost-Seer (1787-1789 ): necromancy, secret<br />
societies, spiritualism; remains unfinished<br />
Ludwig Tieck (1773-1853)<br />
A collection Fairy tales <strong>of</strong> Peter Lebrecht (1797)<br />
E.T.A. H<strong>of</strong>fmann (1776-1822)<br />
<strong>The</strong> Devil’s Elixirs (1815-1816)<br />
A collection <strong>The</strong> Night Pieces in 2 volumes (1816-1817)<br />
Friday, September 30, 2011
THE FRENCH ÉCOLE FRÉNÉTIQUE<br />
• Precursor: Jacques Cazotte (1719 –1792) <strong>The</strong><br />
Devil in Love (1772)<br />
• Writers:<br />
Jules Janin (1804-1874)<br />
Charles Nodier (1780-1844)<br />
Young Honoré de Balzac<br />
(1799 –1850)<br />
Friday, September 30, 2011
THE COMIC GOTHIC<br />
Jane Austen, Northanger<br />
Abby (1803)<br />
Mocks the <strong>Gothic</strong> novel<br />
aficionados<br />
Friday, September 30, 2011
THE GOTHIC IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE<br />
Nikolai Karamzin (1766 –1826)<br />
Isl<strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong> Bornholm (1793): exotic setting, a castle,<br />
follows the conventions <strong>of</strong> the sentimental <strong>Gothic</strong><br />
Aleks<strong>and</strong>r Pushkin (1799-1837): urban local setting,<br />
follows H<strong>of</strong>fmann in the use <strong>of</strong> uncanny, introduces<br />
folklore in poetry<br />
“<strong>The</strong> Queen <strong>of</strong> Spades” (1833)<br />
Nikolai Gogol’ / Mykola Hohol’ (1809-1852)<br />
Friday, September 30, 2011
REFERENCES<br />
• Bayer-Berenbaum, Linda. <strong>The</strong> <strong>Gothic</strong> Imagination: Expansion in <strong>Gothic</strong><br />
<strong>and</strong> Art. London <strong>and</strong> Toronto: Associated <strong>University</strong> Press, 1982.<br />
Literature<br />
• Cornwell, Neil, ed. <strong>The</strong> <strong>Gothic</strong>-fantastic in Nineteenth-century Russian Literature.<br />
Studies in Slavic Literature <strong>and</strong> Poetics 33. Amsterdam <strong>and</strong> Atlanta, GA.:<br />
Rodopi, 1999.<br />
• Horner, Avril, ed. European <strong>Gothic</strong>: A Spirited Exchange, 1760-1960. Manchester<br />
<strong>and</strong> New York: Manchester <strong>University</strong> Press, 2002.<br />
• Horner, Avril <strong>and</strong> Sue Zlosnik. <strong>Gothic</strong> <strong>and</strong> the Comic Turn. Hampshire <strong>and</strong> New York:<br />
Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.<br />
• McAndrew, Elizabeth. <strong>The</strong> <strong>Gothic</strong> Tradition in Fiction. New York: Columbia <strong>University</strong><br />
Press, 1979.<br />
• Punter, David, ed. A Companion to the <strong>Gothic</strong>. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing,<br />
2001.<br />
Friday, September 30, 2011
Change language