Ciberseguridad. Retos y amenazas a la Seguridad Nacional - IEEE

Situación de la ciberseguridad en el ámbito internacional y en la OTAN
CYBERSECURITY SITUATION IN INTERNATIONAL FIELD AND THE
NATO
ABSTRACT
Chapter IV deals with the risks and dangers that threaten the security
of modern societies due to its dependency on Information Technology.
It introduces the reader in the most contentious issues within the cyber
security international framework, on the dilemmas that arise from
the need to protect networks and information services while protecting
individual liberties inherent in democratic societies, particularly freedom
of expression and privacy.
It is studied and analyzed two cases of cyber attacks of world importance:
cyber attacks committed against Estonia, in the spring of 2007,
known for being the first case in which cyber operations affect the national
security of a country in a clear, dramatic and comprehensive fashion;
and cyber attacks committed against Georgia, in the summer of 2008,
known as the first case in which the cyber operations are initiated and
conducted in conjunction with armed military operations.
Finally we analyze the state of cyber security in NATO and the transformation
process that NATO is carrying out in this issue.
Key words: Cyber attack, cyber defense, cyber security, cyber threat,
cyber deterrence, NATO, NCIRC, CDMA, CCDCOE, Estonia, Georgia,
Russia, DDoS, botnet, forensic investigation.
INTRODUCCIÓN
Tópico es iniciar el tema que nos ocupa subrayando la dependencia
de las sociedades modernas y de los países desarrollados de los sistemas
de información. En cualquier introducción de cualquier libro relacionado
con el tema aparece esta idea como básica para el desarrollo de
sus argumentos posteriores, no en vano el desarrollo de la sociedad de
la información en los países avanzados es a su vez su gran fortaleza y su
gran debilidad.
A pesar de los riesgos que conlleva una sociedad cada vez más interconectada
digitalmente y cada vez más olvidada de los procedimientos
— 168 —