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Avances en Diabetología - Sociedad Española de Diabetes

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Artículo Original Av Diabetol 2005; 21: 78-83<br />

J. Franch Nadal Guías clínicas <strong>de</strong> tratami<strong>en</strong>to<br />

<strong>de</strong> la diabetes tipo 2:<br />

limitaciones <strong>de</strong>l tratami<strong>en</strong>to<br />

escalonado<br />

ABS Raval Sud (Barcelona) – Institut Català <strong>de</strong> la Salut<br />

Barcelona<br />

Correspond<strong>en</strong>cia:<br />

Dr. Josep Franch Nadal<br />

ABS Raval Sud – Institut Català <strong>de</strong> la Salut<br />

Avd Drassanes 17-21 c 602. 08001 Barcelona<br />

e-mail: 19658jfn@comb.es<br />

RESUMEN<br />

Se han revisado las recom<strong>en</strong>daciones terapéuticas <strong>en</strong> la diabetes<br />

mellitus tipo 2 <strong>de</strong>l European <strong>Diabetes</strong> Policy Group <strong>de</strong> la<br />

International <strong>Diabetes</strong> Fe<strong>de</strong>ration (IDF; 1999), <strong>de</strong>l Scottish Intercollegiate<br />

Gui<strong>de</strong>lines Network (SIGN; 2001), <strong>de</strong>l National Institute for<br />

Clinical Excell<strong>en</strong>ce (NICE; 2002), <strong>de</strong> la American Association of Clinical<br />

Endocrinologists (AACE; 2002), <strong>de</strong>l New Zealand Gui<strong>de</strong>lines<br />

Group (NZGG; 2003) y <strong>de</strong> la Canadian <strong>Diabetes</strong> Association (CDA;<br />

2003). En España, estas recom<strong>en</strong>daciones han sido recogidas <strong>en</strong> la<br />

“Guía <strong>de</strong> tratami<strong>en</strong>to <strong>de</strong> la diabetes tipo 2 <strong>en</strong> At<strong>en</strong>ción Primaria”.<br />

La American <strong>Diabetes</strong> Association (ADA) no ha emitido ningún<br />

posicionami<strong>en</strong>to reci<strong>en</strong>te sobre el tratami<strong>en</strong>to farmacológico <strong>de</strong><br />

la DM2 y su última publicación al respecto data <strong>de</strong> 1999. La opción<br />

terapéutica que se seleccione estará supeditada a diversos aspectos<br />

<strong>de</strong> la <strong>en</strong>fermedad como son el estado pon<strong>de</strong>ral (obesidad o normopeso),<br />

grado <strong>de</strong> resist<strong>en</strong>cia a la insulina, grado <strong>de</strong> déficit <strong>de</strong><br />

secreción <strong>de</strong> insulina, grado <strong>de</strong> control metabólico y la cifra <strong>de</strong><br />

HbA1c, predominio <strong>de</strong> la hiperglucemia <strong>en</strong> ayunas o bi<strong>en</strong> <strong>en</strong> estadio<br />

postprandial, así como <strong>de</strong> la exist<strong>en</strong>cia <strong>de</strong> las distintas complicaciones<br />

crónicas u otros procesos concomitantes (insufici<strong>en</strong>cia<br />

r<strong>en</strong>al, cardiaca o hepática).<br />

ABSTRACT<br />

Therapeutic gui<strong>de</strong>lines on type 2 diabetes from the European<br />

<strong>Diabetes</strong> Policy Group <strong>de</strong> la International <strong>Diabetes</strong> Fe<strong>de</strong>ration (IDF;<br />

1999), the Scottish Intercollegiate Gui<strong>de</strong>lines Network (SIGN; 2001),<br />

the National Institute for Clinical Excell<strong>en</strong>ce (NICE; 2002), the American<br />

Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE; 2002), the New<br />

Zealand Gui<strong>de</strong>lines Group (NZGG; 2003) and the Canadian <strong>Diabetes</strong><br />

Association (CDA; 2003) were reviewed. In Spain, these recomm<strong>en</strong>dations<br />

have be<strong>en</strong> inclu<strong>de</strong>d on the “Guía <strong>de</strong> tratami<strong>en</strong>to<br />

<strong>de</strong> la diabetes tipo 2 <strong>en</strong> At<strong>en</strong>ción Primaria”. The American <strong>Diabetes</strong><br />

Association (ADA) has not particularly published any rec<strong>en</strong>t<br />

positional statem<strong>en</strong>t on pharmacological treatm<strong>en</strong>t of type 2 diabetes<br />

and its last publication is from 1999. The best therapeutic<br />

option will be selected tak<strong>en</strong> into account the <strong>de</strong>gree of adiposity<br />

(lean or obese), insulin resistance, <strong>de</strong>fect of insulin secretion,<br />

metabolic control and HbA1c and predominant basal hyperglycemia<br />

or postprandial hyperglycemia. The pres<strong>en</strong>ce of chronic diabetic<br />

complications or other concomitant diseases (r<strong>en</strong>al or hepatic failure,<br />

congestive heart disease) are also important.<br />

Key Words: gui<strong>de</strong>lines, treatm<strong>en</strong>t, type 2 diabetes.<br />

Palabras Clave: guías clínicas, tratami<strong>en</strong>to, diabetes tipo 2.<br />

Recibido: 3 <strong>de</strong> Junio <strong>de</strong> 2005 / Aceptado: 14 <strong>de</strong> Julio <strong>de</strong> 2005<br />

Acrónimos: DM2, diabetes mellitus tipo 2; RI, resist<strong>en</strong>cia insulínica.

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