Indoor environment in a digital future - Master thesis - s154397 - s153767 (1)

More documents

Recommendations

Info

testing and sustainability. Nordic Swan operates with labels for both products and buildings and iswell known in Scandinavia. LBC is a strict sustainability label with two versions of marks: living andpetal. Other than a label or grading scheme, most of the certifications and tools provide a detailedreport about the results, and the rating is based on a deeper analysis with a wide range of parameters.Investigating the IEQ parameters is interesting for this project in order to obtain knowledgeabout which to include in a benchmarking tool and database.Figure 3.2: Methods and Grading SchemesParametersA previous study has explored Green Building certificates’ distribution of credits assigned to each ofthe four IEQ categories [76]. A focus in this desk study was on the occurrence of the parameterswithin the four categories: IAQ, thermal, visual and acoustic comfort. This was done by counting thetools and certifications different IEQ parameters related to each of the four categories.INDOOR ENVIRONMENT IN A DIGITAL FUTURE 31
IAQ Thermal comfort Acoustic comfort Visual comfortParameters 10 5 2 4Occurrence 42 out of 107 25 out of 107 16 out of 107 24 out of 107Table 3.2: Occurrence of parameters within the four IEQ categoriesTable 3.2 illustrates the number of different parameters within each of the four IEQ categories. Furthermore,it illustrates the occurrence of the parameters within the categories. Some of the tools,do not identify which specific parameters they apply within a category, but only that it includes thecategory. An example of parameters identified which were related to IAQ were ventilation, CO2,pollution, particles, mould, VOC and CO. The distribution of credits in Green Building (GB) certification’sschemes [76] and the occurrence of parameters within the four IEQ categories in the deskstudy are presented in Figure 3.3.Figure 3.3: GB credit distribution and IEQ parameter occurrence in percentages [76]Figure 3.3 indicates a connection between GB credits assigned to different IEQ categories and occurrenceof parameters within different IEQ categories in the desk study. IAQ is the category withmost assigned GB credits and with the highest occurrence of parameters in the desk study. Thiscould indicate that IAQ is considered as having a major importance compared to the other categoriesbut also that the category is simply composed of more measurable or significant parameters.The dedication of credits and occurrence of parameters in the IAQ category comply with findingsof the research previously described in this project, which found IAQ to be the category causingthe most dissatisfaction amongst occupants compared to other IEQ parameters. The category withthe second most GB credits and occurrence of parameters is thermal comfort category followedby the visual and acoustic comfort category. It is important to mention that the investigated toolsand certification do not necessarily measure the applied parameters, but they incorporate them intheir analysis. Lastly, it must be acknowledged that some IEQ categories or parameters have lowrepresentation or are simply not included in the GB schemes and benchmarking tools even thoughthey are relevant for characterising the IEQ of the building. The reasons hereof could be measuringdifficulties or lack of research and references defining the acceptable levels [76].32 INDOOR ENVIRONMENT IN A DIGITAL FUTURE
Page 3: INDOOR ENVIRONMENT IN A DIGITAL FUT
Page 7: AbstractPoor indoor environment qua
Page 11 and 12: Table ofContents
Page 13: 6.1 IEQ Investigation . . . . . . .
Page 17 and 18: List of Tables2.1 CO2 criteria and
Page 19: 5.4 24h TVOC measurements . . . . .
Page 23 and 24: Today many countries, including Den
Page 25: coming five years. The strategy enc
Page 29 and 30: 2.1 Legislative Authorities and Gui
Page 31 and 32: tion among occupants. Followed by t
Page 33 and 34: Exposure Limit TVOC [ppb]1 Excellen
Page 35 and 36: 2.5 Acoustic ComfortAcoustic comfor
Page 37 and 38: 2.7 Summary of Parameters and Sympt
Page 39 and 40: In order to fully comprehend the po
Page 43: CHAPTER 3Market ResearchChapter 3 p
Page 48 and 49: Origin Method IEQ RatingSustainbili
Page 52 and 53: 3.2 IoT DevicesA market research on
Page 55: CHAPTER 4MethodChapter 4 describes
Page 58 and 59: 4.2 Measurement DevicesWhen choosin
Page 60 and 61: uHooThe uHoo is produced by a Hong
Page 62 and 63: Sense’itThe Sense’it device is
Page 64 and 65: 4.3 OfficesUsing a checklist develo
Page 66 and 67: Floor plan office #2The second and
Page 68 and 69: 4.4 QuestionnairesThe occupant ques
Page 70 and 71: 4.6 Benchmarking ProcessThe benchma
Page 72 and 73: 4.8 Interviews and Value Propositio
Page 74: c o = Outdoor CO2 - level[ppm]where
Page 79 and 80: 5.1 Preliminary Device EvaluationDe
Page 81 and 82: The average CO2 measurements presen
Page 83 and 84: The average temperature measurement
Page 85 and 86: Table 5.1 shows that the average no
Page 87 and 88: was highest for zone 1 in each offi
Page 89 and 90: majority of the zones in the three
Page 91 and 92: 5.3 Stakeholders and ValueStakehold
Page 93 and 94: 5.4 Benchmarking ToolBased on both
Page 95 and 96: Figure 5.22: Radar office #1As seen
Page 97 and 98: Figure 5.23: Potential cost saving
Page 99 and 100: Feedback from the first session inc
Page 101 and 102:
The more detailed part of the categ
Page 105:
CHAPTER 6DiscussionChapter 6 presen
Page 108 and 109:
Measurement PeriodThe measurement p
Page 110:
Economic estimatesRegarding the eco
Page 115 and 116:
7.1 Fulfilment of objectivesThe ful
Page 119 and 120:
Bibliography
Page 121 and 122:
16. Dansk Standard. Bygningers ener
Page 123 and 124:
53. Patel, K. K., Patel, S. M., Sch
Page 125:
106. Hansen, E. J. & Andersen, B. H
Page 129 and 130:
APPENDIX ADesk Study SensorsDevicet
Page 131 and 132:
112 INDOOR ENVIRONMENT IN A DIGITAL
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
APPENDIX DInterview guideNavn:Rolle
Page 139 and 140:
Nej, det har vi ikke haft myndighed
Page 141 and 142:
Questions = italicAPPENDIX FIntervi
Page 143 and 144:
APPENDIX GIEQ InvestigationTVOC box
Page 145 and 146:
APPENDIX IEconomic calculationsEqua
Page 147 and 148:
Economic calculations for Expan128
show all

Indoor environment in a digital future - Master thesis - s154397 - s153767 (1)

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?