Hewrazibun Fluskfhf Амгардзинад Solidarity solidaroba }'vh'mksr ...
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Hewrazibun Fluskfhf Амгардзинад Solidarity solidaroba }'vh'mksr ...

Hewrazibun Fluskfhf Амгардзинад Solidarity solidaroba }'vh'mksr ...

Hewrazibun Fluskfhf Амгардзинад Solidarity solidaroba }'vh'mksr ...

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`<strong>solidaroba</strong>~ No6(15)'07<br />

saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis<br />

yovelTviuri Jurnali<br />

redaqtori:<br />

stilis<br />

nino cincaZe<br />

redaqtori: levan bregaZe<br />

dizaini: besik danelia<br />

foto: levan xerxeuliZe<br />

garekanze: giorgi kilaZis<br />

naxati<br />

redkolegia: sozar subari<br />

beqa mindiaSvili<br />

Tamar Samili<br />

sergo ratiani<br />

Jurnali momzadebulia saxalxo damcvelTan<br />

arsebuli tolerantobis centris mier<br />

ibeWdeba gaeros ganviTarebis programis da<br />

norvegiis mTavrobis finansuri mxardaWeriT<br />

misamarTi: Tbilisi, maCablis 11,<br />

tel.: 96 63 27, 92 24 77<br />

www.ombudsman.ge<br />

saqarTvelos<br />

saxalxo damcveli<br />

gaeros<br />

ganviTarebis programa<br />

norvegiis mTavroba<br />

Cveni wre<br />

2 drois mosaklavad danergili novaciebi<br />

Tamar kacitaZe<br />

7 interviu<br />

12<br />

34<br />

40<br />

revoluciis Semdeg miznad yvela saxelmwifo<br />

saagentos efeqturad amoqmedeba davisaxeT<br />

interviu robert uoTkinsTan<br />

eka kvesitaZe<br />

TOLERANCE<br />

60 Summary<br />

adamianis uflebebi da<br />

universaluri pasuxismgebloba<br />

mrgvali magida<br />

16 stumrad samSobloSi<br />

23 ezidizmi<br />

religiebi saqarTveloSi<br />

dimitri firbari<br />

28 kalvinizmi saqarTveloSi<br />

moamzada daviT TinikaSvilma<br />

30<br />

dalai-lama XIV<br />

eTnosebi saqarTveloSi<br />

mcirericxovani erebi saqarTveloSi:<br />

avarielebi<br />

mamuka komaxia<br />

adamianis uflebebi<br />

lustracia - samarTlianobis aqti<br />

Tu adamianis uflebebis<br />

darRvevis axali meTodi?<br />

fridon sayvareliZe<br />

samarTali<br />

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli<br />

sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba<br />

golderi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg<br />

masala moamzada nona kalandaZem<br />

44 STIGMA-FREE<br />

disleqsia<br />

TaTia mebaRiSvili<br />

49 PRO-aqcia<br />

bavSvze orientirebuli<br />

samedicino momsaxureba<br />

xaTuna doliZe<br />

53<br />

axali ambebi<br />

yuranis axali qarTuli Targmani;<br />

religiaTmcodneTa saerTaSoriso simpoziumi;<br />

eTnikuri umciresobebi qarTul sainformacio sivrceSi;<br />

evrokavSiris daxmarebiT kavkasiuri instituti samxreT<br />

saqarTvelos eTnikur umciresobebs exmareba<br />

1<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

Cveni wre<br />

drois mosaklavad<br />

danergili novaciebi<br />

Tamar kacitaZe<br />

daaxloebiT oTxwliani intervalis<br />

Semdeg, ramdenime dRis<br />

win sasjelaRsrulebis departamentidan<br />

rusTavis #2 sapyrobilis<br />

saerTo da mkacri reJimis<br />

dawesebulebaSi Sesvlis specialuri<br />

nebarTva miviReT. oficialuri<br />

inforamciiT, am dawesebulebaSi<br />

cota xnis win<br />

2<br />

kapitaluri remonti Catarda<br />

da, saqarTvelos sxva `koloniebisgan~<br />

gansxvavebiT is, faqtobrivad,<br />

evrostandartebis<br />

doneze mowyobil sapatimroebs<br />

gautolda. miuxedavad amisa,<br />

aseve cota xnis win, rusTavis<br />

#2 dawesebulebis patimrebma<br />

ombudsmens saprotesto werili<br />

gaugzavnes. TavisuflebaaRkve-<br />

Tili adamianebi sayofacxovrebo<br />

pirobebis gaumjobesebas<br />

moiTxovdnen.<br />

yovelive amis fonze (raoden<br />

gasakviric ar unda iyos) `koloniaSi~<br />

Cveni vizitis mizani<br />

arc erTi da arc meore mizezi<br />

ar yofila. dawesebulebas axlaxan<br />

danergili novaciebis da<br />

novatori patimrebis sanaxavad<br />

vestumreT.<br />

oTxi wlis Semdeg<br />

rusTavis #2 sapyrobilis saerTo<br />

da mkacri reJimis dawesebulebas<br />

rom miuaxlovdebiT,<br />

aucileblad dainaxavT CanTebiT<br />

datvirTul adamianTa

grZel rigs, _ eseni patimrebis<br />

axloblebi arian. `koloniis~<br />

win, sadac arc xe da arc raime<br />

saxis TavSesafari ar arsebobs,<br />

yoveldRe _ mzeSi, Tovlsa Tu<br />

wvimaSi, aTobiT adamiani cdilobs<br />

saWmeli an yofiTi cxovrebisTvis<br />

saWiro nivTebi miawodos<br />

TavisuflebaaRkveTil<br />

axlobels. lodiniT gaTangulebi<br />

imasac amboben, rom Tumca<br />

rigSi gamTeniisas dgebian, patimrisTvis<br />

amanaTis gadacemas xSirad<br />

saRamosTvisac ver axerxeben<br />

da ase grZeldeba ramdenime<br />

dRis ganamvlobaSi.<br />

`saSiS zonad~ wodebul dawesebulebaSi<br />

ki SesvlisTanave igr-<br />

Znob sakmaod gamkacrebuli,<br />

ukve Tanamedrove teqnikiT<br />

aRWurvili dacvis sistemis<br />

arsebobas. SenobaSi Sesvlisas<br />

imaSic rwmundebi, rom remonti<br />

am dawesebulebaSi marTlac<br />

kapitalurad Catarebula.<br />

direqtoris moadgile CvenTvis<br />

sasurvel patimrebTan Sexvedris<br />

organizebas gvpirdeba, Tumca<br />

gvafrTxilebs:<br />

`patimrebma TqvenTan saubari<br />

Tu ar moindomes, Cven<br />

ver dagexmarebiT, _ es maT<br />

neba-survilzea damokidebulio~.<br />

cota xanis Semdeg administraciis<br />

SenobaSive gavicaniT<br />

msjavrdebuli mirian cxvaraZe,<br />

`koloniis~ biblioTekis e.w. direqtori,<br />

da dawesebulebis kompiuteruli<br />

centris sulisCamdgmelebi<br />

mama-Svili amiran da<br />

arCil qadagiSvilebi. Cveni maspinZlobac<br />

swored maT gadaibares<br />

da sakuTari `samuSao<br />

adgilebisaken~ gagviZRvnen.<br />

sasjelaRsrulebis departamentis<br />

socialuri da ganaTlebis<br />

departamentis samsaxuris<br />

warmomadgenelma baton mirians<br />

biblioTekisTvis erTi kviris<br />

Jurnal-gazeTebi gadasca. mZime<br />

tvirTis gamo pirvelad Cvenc<br />

biblioTekis sanaxavad wavediT,<br />

romelic patimrebis sacxovrebel<br />

korpusSia.<br />

SenobaSi SesvlisTanave TvalSi<br />

mogvxvda gansxvaveba oTxi wlis<br />

winandel Camongreul-dabzarulsa<br />

da axlandel Selesil-SeRebil<br />

kedlebs Soris. derefanSi<br />

gavlisas, karRia saknebSi axali<br />

sawolebic SevniSneT (samwuxarod,<br />

`koloniis~ daTvaliereba<br />

an patimrebTan gasaubreba departamentis<br />

xelmZRanelobas-<br />

Tan SeTanxmebuli ar yofila.<br />

amis gamo metis naxva ver movaxerxeT).<br />

miuxedavad kapitaluri<br />

remontisa, SenobaSi cixis tradiciuli,<br />

saSinlad mZime suni<br />

dgas, ramac patimrebis mier<br />

saxalxo damcvelis saxelze gamogzavnili<br />

werili da is higienuri<br />

problemebi gagvaxsena,<br />

romlebzec masSi aris saubari,<br />

Tumca am sakiTxs garkveuli<br />

mizezebis gamo ar SevexebiT.<br />

biblioTeka<br />

qarTul penitenciur sistemaSi<br />

biblioTekis arseboba siaxle<br />

namdvilad ar aris. axali isaa,<br />

rom, sxva dawesebulebebis analogiuri<br />

`samsaxurebisgan~ gansxvavebiT,<br />

rusTavis #2 `koloniaSi~<br />

mirian cxvaraZem `Tanamedrove<br />

menejmenti~ danerga,<br />

biblioTekis teqnikuri anu<br />

kompiuteruli uzrunvelyofa<br />

SeZlo da Sedegmac ar daayovna.<br />

amitomac iTvleba misi biblioTeka<br />

qarTul penitenciur<br />

sisitemaSi novatorulad.<br />

`mirian, espanuris<br />

saxelmZRvaneloebi<br />

mogvitanes?~ `mirian,<br />

krosvordebi Seminaxe!~,<br />

`axali gazeTi momeci!~ _<br />

3<br />

aseTi SeZaxilebiT Sexvdnen<br />

Jurnal-gazeTebiT datvirTul<br />

`biblioTekis direqtors~ erTerTi<br />

saknis karebTan Segrovili<br />

patimrebi. batonma mirianma<br />

`mkiTxvelebs~ stumar-maspinZlobis<br />

wesebi Seaxsena, dalodeba<br />

urCia da im oTaxSi SegviZ-<br />

Rva, romlis karebzec `biblioTeka~<br />

ar weria.<br />

tradiciul sakanze gacilebiT<br />

patara da TeTrad SeRebili oTaxis<br />

erTi kedeli mTlianad xis<br />

TaroebiT aris dafaruli. biblioTekis<br />

es nawili ZiriTadad<br />

mxatvrul literaturas aqvs<br />

daTmobili. meore kedelze damagrebul<br />

or Taroze, batoni<br />

mirianis gadawyvetilebiT, filosofiuri,<br />

fsiqologiuri da<br />

religuri wignebia. erTi Taro<br />

specialurad iuridiuli literaturisTvis<br />

aris gankuTvnili.<br />

rogorc `biblioTekis direqtori~<br />

gveubneba, am kategoriis<br />

wignebi saknebSi ar gaicema:<br />

`msurvels SeuZlia dajdes<br />

biblioTekaSi da aq waikiTxos<br />

`sisxlis samarTlis<br />

kodeqsi~ an sxva kanoni. kanonebi<br />

TiTo egzemplarad<br />

gvaqvs, arada moTxovnileba<br />

maTze Zalian didia~.<br />

biblioTekaSi gansakuTrebuli<br />

adgili aqvs daTmobili saswavlo<br />

literaturas. swavlas mowyurebuli<br />

patimrebis umravlesoba<br />

ucxo enebis Seswavlas cdilobs;<br />

iSviaTad, magram mainc,<br />

fizikiT dainteresebulebic<br />

gamoerevian Turme maT Soris.<br />

erTi sityviT, batoni mirianis<br />

menejmentis damsaxurebiT koloniis<br />

biblioTekaSi yvela Janris<br />

Tu daniSnulebis wigns naxavT.<br />

`biblioTeka naTeli dasturia<br />

imisa, rom departamenti<br />

iTvaliswinebs patimrebis<br />

survils.<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

Cveni wre<br />

Cveni muSaobis procesi ase<br />

warimarTeba: jer patimar-<br />

Si ibadeba ama Tu im wignis<br />

wakiTxvis survili. igi<br />

modis CemTan da meubneba,<br />

ra saxis wigni surs. Semdeg<br />

me misi am Txovnis Sesaxeb<br />

werilobiT vacnobeb sasjelaRsrulebisdepartamentis<br />

socialur da ganaTlebis<br />

samsaxurs. departamenti<br />

ganixilavs Txovnas<br />

da umetes SemTxvevaSi<br />

akmayofilebs mas~,<br />

_ ambobs mirian cxvaraZe, romlis<br />

biblioTekaSic dRes zustad<br />

1618 wignia.<br />

`biblioTeka zonis gaxsnis dRidan<br />

arsebobs. Tavidan aseTi ar<br />

iyo. pirvelad 09-m gvaCuqa wignebi.<br />

marTalia, naklebad kiTxvadi<br />

literatura iyo, magram,<br />

xom iciT, `naCuqar cxens kbilebi<br />

ar gaesinjeba~, amitom ma-<br />

Ti madloblebi varT. biblioTekis<br />

Sevsebis erT-erTi wyaro<br />

Tavad patimaria, _ anu Semouvida<br />

kacs amanaTiT wigni, waikiTxa,<br />

mere ki gadawyvita,<br />

rom is wigni biblioTekas unda<br />

aCuqos, rom sxvamac waikiTxon.<br />

aseTi wignebi fondis<br />

daaxloebiT 15 procents Seadgens.<br />

wignebis did nawils<br />

sasjelaRsrulebis departamentis<br />

socialuri samsaxuri<br />

gvawvdis. garkveuli nawili ki<br />

sapatriarqosa da saxalxo<br />

damcvelis aparatTan arsebuli<br />

tolerantobis sabWos<br />

Semowirulobaa~.<br />

pirobiTad `biblioTekis dro~<br />

anu biblioTekis samuSao periodia<br />

`zonis gaxsnidan zonis daxurvamde<br />

_ dilis 11-dan saRamos<br />

8 saaTamde. kviraSi Svidi dRe~.<br />

miuxedavad miRwevebisa, mirian<br />

cxvaraZes miaCnia, rom umaRlesi<br />

klasis menejments ver axorcielebs:<br />

`magram am patara biblioTekisTvis<br />

rom ikmaros,<br />

imdens ki vaxerxeb. ivane<br />

javaxiSvilis saxelobis<br />

universitetis ori fakulteti<br />

maqvs damTavrebuli<br />

_ geologiuri da ekonomikuri.<br />

mxatvrul literaturas<br />

naklebad vkiTxulobdi,<br />

specialuri literaturis<br />

kiTxva miyvarda,<br />

magram organizeba, menejmenti,<br />

aseTi raRacebi vici.<br />

Cemi azriT, biblioTekis<br />

da, saerTod, nebismieri<br />

dawesebulebis direqtori<br />

ar aris savaldebulo<br />

didi specialisti iyos.<br />

misTvis sakmarisia sagnis<br />

zogadi codna, magram aucilebelia<br />

hqondes menejeris<br />

niWi da gamocdileba~,<br />

_ es aris mirian cxvaraZis kredo,<br />

Tumca `biblioTekis direqtorad~<br />

mis muSaobas sxva axsnac<br />

moepoveba:<br />

`me Zveli bolSeviki var,<br />

komunistebis dros raikomis<br />

mdivnad namuSevari.<br />

saerTod mimaCnia, rom adamiani<br />

fuWad ar unda flangavdes<br />

dros, arc maSin,<br />

roca sasjels ixdis. Tu<br />

ramis gakeTeba SegiZlia,<br />

unda akeTo, valdebuli<br />

xar akeTo. am dawesebulebaSi<br />

yofna imiTac aris<br />

mZime, rom imis mokvlas<br />

vcdilobT, risi yidva fuliT<br />

ar SegviZlia _ Cven<br />

vklavT dros. es aris Cveni<br />

cxovrebis tragizmi _ is<br />

ki ara, rom amdeni da amdeni<br />

weli gvaqvs mosjili,<br />

aramed is, rom Cven iZulebulni<br />

varT movklaT dro~.<br />

eqvsi wliT msjavrdadebul mirian<br />

cxvaraZes oTxi weli ukve<br />

`mouklavs~. marTalia, didi<br />

xania `udoc~ Seexo, magram misi<br />

gaTavisuflebis sakiTxi sas-<br />

4<br />

jelaRsrulebis departamentSi<br />

jer ar ganixileba.<br />

`filmi `ana da xelmwife~<br />

xom gaqvT nanaxi, iq aris genialuri<br />

fraza: `siamSi yvelafers<br />

Tavisi dro aqvs~,<br />

CvenTanac asea: Tavis droze<br />

yvelaferi iqneba, Tavisuflebac.<br />

isini, visac ramdenjerme<br />

mouxdia sasjeli,<br />

meubnebian, yvelaze kargi<br />

SegrZneba isaa, maSin rom<br />

gaTavisufleben, roca ar<br />

elio~,<br />

_ Tumca gamogvityda, rom patimrobis<br />

darCenil dReebs gamudmebiT<br />

iTvlis. weliwadisa da aTi<br />

Tvis `mokvlas~ ki isev biblioTekaris<br />

saqmianobiT gaagrZelebs.<br />

`biblioTekaSi kidev bevria<br />

gasakeTebeli, risTvisac socialuri<br />

samsaxuris imedi<br />

gvaqvs. patimrebi ucxo enebis<br />

Sesaswavlad specialur wignebs<br />

gvTxoven. dRemde departamentis<br />

saxelze sami gancxadeba<br />

maqvs dawerili, pirveli<br />

_ Jurnal-gazeTebTan dakavSirebiT,<br />

meore da mesame weriliT<br />

ki wignis fondis Sevseba<br />

moviTxove. axla meoTxe gancxadeba<br />

unda davwero _ kompiuteri<br />

gvWirdeba. marTalia,<br />

wignis gatana-dabrunebasTan<br />

dakavSirebul informacias<br />

Tavidan specialur JurnalSi<br />

viwerT, magram dRis bolos es<br />

monacemi kompiuterul bazaSi<br />

Segvyavs da arqivs vqmniT~, _<br />

gveubneba `koloniis~ novatori<br />

biblioTekari.<br />

koloniis biblioTekis arqivi<br />

kompiuteris standartuli programaa,<br />

romelic mirian cxvara-<br />

Zem amiran da arCil qadagiSvilebTan<br />

erTad Seqmna.<br />

sqema aseTia: cxrilSi aRniSnulia<br />

_ patimari #1264. wigni _<br />

0623. failis gaxsnis Semdeg ga-

iSifreba patimris vinaoba, wignis<br />

dasaxeleba da wignis gatanis<br />

dro. koloniis 800-mde msjavrdebulidan<br />

biblioTekiT sistematurad<br />

sargeblos 370 patimari.<br />

wignze moTxovnileba e.w. kritSic<br />

aris, Tumca, iq arsebuli Sez-<br />

Rudvebis gamo, patimrebTan<br />

literatura `biblioTekis<br />

direqtors~ TviTon miaqvs.<br />

patimarTa moTxovnebis raodenobiT<br />

Tu vimsjelebT, rusTavis<br />

#2 dawesebulebaSi yvelaze<br />

popularuli wignebia `saqarTvelos<br />

istoria~ da `peles biografia~.<br />

biblioTekidan wignis<br />

gatanis xangrZlivoba erTi Tvea,<br />

Tumca, rogorc `biblioTekis<br />

direqtori~ ambobs, am wesis<br />

darRvevisTvis sanqciebi<br />

dawesebuli ar aqvs.<br />

`dagvianebul wignebs saknidan<br />

sakanSi veZeb. dazianebis<br />

SemTxvevaSi wignebs<br />

sakuTari ZalebiT varemontebT,<br />

ZiriTadad `skoCiT~,<br />

_ ambobs `biblioTekari~.<br />

rusTavis #2 dawesebulebis<br />

kompiuteruli skola<br />

`zonis~ gaxsnidan cota<br />

xanSi patimrebs sasjelaRsrulebis<br />

departamentis<br />

Tavmjdomare baCo axalaia<br />

Segvxvda. man saubrisas<br />

Tqva, rom dawesebulebaSi<br />

kompiuterebis Semotanas<br />

apirebdnen. me da Cemma<br />

Svilma vuTxariT, rom kompiuteris<br />

specialistebi<br />

varT da patimrebisTvis<br />

kompiuteruli skolis<br />

Camoyalibeba SegveZlo.<br />

cota xanSi kompiuterebi<br />

marTlac gadmogvces“,<br />

_ ase ixseneben amiran da arCil<br />

qadagiSvilebi kompiuteruli<br />

skolis jer ideis, Semdeg ki<br />

mis realur dabadebas.<br />

kompiuterul skolaSi ori<br />

axali maRali sixSiris kompiuteri<br />

`pentium 4~ aqvT. ukve<br />

arsebobs kompiuteris Seswavlis<br />

msurvelTa 150-kaciani<br />

siac: Sedgenilia swavlebis<br />

gegma, programa da ganrigic.<br />

swavlis msurvelebi jgufebad<br />

arian dayofilebi. moswavles<br />

ori kviris ganmavlobaSi 45-wu-<br />

Tiani gakveTili yovel meore<br />

dRes utardeba. kompiuterul<br />

skolas ukve hyavs `pirveli<br />

kursdamTavrebulebic~, magram<br />

sawyis etapze miRebuli codna<br />

sakmarisi ar aris, amitom msurvelebi<br />

swavlis gasagrZeleblad<br />

sxva jgufebSi erTiandebian.<br />

`yvela adamians individualuri<br />

midgoma sWirdeba.<br />

zogma saerTod ar icis kompiuteri,<br />

zogs specifikuri<br />

programebi ainteresebs.<br />

arian iseTebic, romlebsac<br />

arqiteqtura ainteresebT,<br />

zogs enebis Seswavla unda,<br />

zogs xatva uyvars da Tavis<br />

samecadino dros kompiuteriT<br />

xatvas andomebs,<br />

specefeqtebs swavlobs~,<br />

_ amboben maswavleblebi.<br />

5<br />

kompiuterul skolaSi mecadineoba<br />

dilis 9 saaTze iwyeba da<br />

mama-Svili qadagiSvilebi yoveldRiurad<br />

rva gakveTils atareben.<br />

`skola TebervalSi daarsda<br />

da am xnis ganmavlobaSi<br />

arc erTi mecadineoba ar<br />

Cagvigdia. sapatiod mxolod<br />

gakveTilis paemanis<br />

gamo gacdena iTvleba~,<br />

_ gveubneba amiran qadagiSvili,<br />

romelic moxarulia, rom<br />

Tavisi moRvaweobiT adamianebs<br />

keTil samsaxurs uwevs.<br />

`CemTvis didi mniSvneloba<br />

aqvs imas, rom aq myof axalgazrdebs<br />

davexmarebi. zogi<br />

male gava aqedan. adamiani,<br />

romelmac kompiuteri<br />

icis, SeiZleba iseT saqmes<br />

moekidos, rom danaSaulze<br />

samudamod aiRos xeli.<br />

Tumca aq bevria SemTxveviT<br />

moxvedrili, kriminalze<br />

rom arc ufiqria, iseTi.<br />

zogi imitom zis, rom iara-<br />

Ri an narkotiki Caudes.<br />

zogs saerTod ar Caudenia<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

N3(12)'07<br />

Cveni wre<br />

danaSauli da mainc patimaria.<br />

vaswavli am xalxs<br />

da kmayofili var, radgan<br />

vici, rom karg saqmes vake-<br />

Teb~,<br />

_ ambobs mama-maswavlebeli, romelsac<br />

miaCnia, rom am skolaSi<br />

ki ar muSaobs _ `ubralod~ dro<br />

gahyavs.<br />

`me Tavisufali adamiani<br />

var, miuxedavad imisa, rom<br />

sasjels vixdi. sivrceSi<br />

gadaadgilebis SezRudva<br />

Cems Tavisuflebas veras<br />

daaklebs, Tumca Tavidanve,<br />

iseve, rogorc sxva patimrebi,<br />

dRis reJims morCilad<br />

vasruleb: Tavis droze<br />

vdgebi, Tavis droze viZineb,<br />

vseirnob, balandasac<br />

mivirTmev da ase Semdeg~,<br />

_ mamis am mosazrebas Svili _<br />

arCil qadagiSvilic kvers ukravs,<br />

Tumca, mamisagan gansxvavebiT,<br />

miiCnevs, rom kompiuteruli<br />

skola misTvis samuSaoa.<br />

`aqaurobas samsaxurs veZaxi.<br />

mudmivad Semogvaqvs<br />

ganaxlebebi, novaciebi~,<br />

_ ambobs Svili-maswavlebeli.<br />

misi sityviT, saqmem mama-Svili<br />

ufro metad daaxlova. ufro<br />

sworad, gareT, TavisuflebaSi,<br />

raki sxvadasxva adgilas msaxurobdnen,<br />

mama-Svili mxolod<br />

saaxalwlo sufraze xvdeboda<br />

erTmaneTs, aq ki sul erTad<br />

arian da erTmaneTTan sasaubro<br />

dro saWiroze metic aqvT.<br />

`skolis garda vsaubrobT<br />

bavSvebze, Cems Svilebze<br />

da mamaCemis SviliSvilebze.<br />

telefoniT ojaxis wevrebTan<br />

dakavSireba problemaa;<br />

xan erTi vaxerxebT<br />

darekvas, xan meore da<br />

mere ojaxis ambebs erTmaneTs<br />

vuyvebiT~,<br />

_ ambobs arCili.<br />

rogorc mama-Svili qadagiSvilebi<br />

amboben, isini ukanono<br />

patimrebi arian, maT ekonomikuri<br />

danaSaulebebis mTeli<br />

`buketi~ braldebaT, risTvisac<br />

TerTmeti weli aqvT misjili.<br />

raki TavianTi simarTle saqar-<br />

TveloSi ver daamtkices, brZolas<br />

strasburgSi, adamianis<br />

uflebebis dacvis sasamarTlo-<br />

Si, apireben.<br />

Tumca strasburgamde jer kidev<br />

didi droa. amitom mama-Svili<br />

kompiuterul skolaSi muSaobas<br />

agrZelebs da madlieric<br />

bevri hyavT moswavle-patimar-<br />

Ta Soris.<br />

`skolaSi sami problema<br />

gvaqvs: skamebi gvWirdeba,<br />

radgan, rac gvqonda, daimtvra;<br />

denis xSiri vardnis<br />

gamo SeiZleba kompiuteri<br />

gagvifuWdes da<br />

amitom administraciisgan<br />

`iupiess~ moviTxovT; da<br />

kidev erTi _ normaluri<br />

muSaobisTvis kondicioneria<br />

saWiro~,<br />

_ ambobs batoni arCili da imedi<br />

aqvs, rom departamenti ama-<br />

Sic daexmareba.<br />

`patimari iseTive adamiania,<br />

rogoric yvela sxva, _ masac<br />

sWirdeba swavla, kiTxva,<br />

werac (ara marto saCivrebis)<br />

da, rac mTavaria,<br />

yuradReba. marTalia, dRevandel<br />

sistemaSi sasikeTo<br />

Zvrebs vxedav, magram vfiqrob,<br />

rom kidev aris resursebi,<br />

romelTa amoqmedeba<br />

SeiZleba. amasTan, kargi<br />

iqneba, Tu sazogadoebaSic<br />

Seicvleba Cvendami damokidebuleba:<br />

nu gviyureben<br />

ise, TiTqos Cven ukve aRarafrisTvis<br />

aRar vvargodeT.<br />

gamovalT gareT da iqneb<br />

gamovadgeT kidec qveyanas.<br />

ra ici, yvelaferi win aris~,<br />

6<br />

_ am sityvebiT da ukeTesi momavlis<br />

imediT gamogvaciles<br />

Cvenma maspinZlebma.

omelia is sferoebi,<br />

romlebSic gaeros<br />

ganviTarebis programa<br />

gansakuTrebiT aqtiurad<br />

aris CarTuli?<br />

gaeros ganviTarebis programa<br />

saqarTveloSi 1993 wlidan moqmedebs<br />

da oTx ZiriTad sferos<br />

moicavs: demokratiul mmarTvelobas,<br />

ekonomikur ganviTarebas,<br />

energetikasa da garemos dacvas,<br />

krizisebis prevenciasa da krizisis<br />

Semdgom reabilitacias.<br />

demokratiuli mmarTvelobis<br />

sferoSi Cven aRmasrulebeli<br />

da sasamarTlo xelisuflebebis<br />

reformaTa ganxorcielebas vuwyobT<br />

xels. vexmarebiT saqarTvelos<br />

mTavrobas mmarTvelobis<br />

sistemis decentralizaciaSi,<br />

revoluciis Semdeg<br />

miznad yvela<br />

saxelmwifo<br />

saagentos efeqturad<br />

amoqmedeba davisaxeT<br />

interviu robert uoTkinsTan<br />

eka kvesitaZe<br />

misi sakvanZo institutebis saqmianobis<br />

gaumjobesebaSi da a. S.<br />

Tqveni azriT, ramdenad<br />

efeqtiania es proeqtebi<br />

da saboloo jamSi<br />

sagrZnobia Tu ara maTi<br />

Sedegebi?<br />

Cveni aqtivobebi ZiriTadad<br />

iqiTken aris mimarTuli, rom<br />

saqarTvelos xelisuflebas<br />

davexmaroT rogorc sakanonmdeblo<br />

bazis daxvewasa da<br />

gaumjobesebaSi, aseve strategiuli<br />

ganviTarebis politikis<br />

SemuSavebasa da adamianuri resursebis<br />

menejmentSi. am sferoebSi<br />

ki, ra Tqma unda, Znelia<br />

efeqtianobis zusti gazomva.<br />

7<br />

interviu<br />

saqarTveloSi gaero-s ganviTarebis programis mudmivi warmomadgeneli<br />

da gaero-s mudmivi koordinatori, robert uoTkinsi, Jurnal<br />

`solidarobis~ mkiTxvels saqarTveloSi mimdinare demokratiul da<br />

sazogadoebriv procesebze mis Sexedulebebs uziarebs da im proeqtebs<br />

acnobs, romelsac gaeros ganviTarebis programa saqarTveloSi<br />

axorcielebs.<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

interviu<br />

rekomendaciebs, romlebsac<br />

sakanonmdeblo<br />

sferos gaumjobesebis<br />

kuTxiT SeimuSavebT,<br />

ramdenad iTvaliswinebs<br />

saqarTvelos xelisufleba,<br />

xdeba Tu ara<br />

maTi drouli implementacia?<br />

xelisufleba mzadaa TanamSromlobisTvis.<br />

es gansakuTrebiT<br />

revoluciis Semdeg igrZnoba.<br />

Cven vexmarebiT dRevandel<br />

mTavrobas im prioritetebze<br />

muSaobaSi, romlebic man Tavad<br />

gansazRvra.<br />

mWidrod vTanamSromlobT arasamTavrobo<br />

organizaciebTanac.<br />

samagaliToa Cveni TanamSromloba<br />

saxalxo damcvelis ofis-<br />

Tan.<br />

konkretulad ra daxmarebas<br />

uwevT saxalxo<br />

damcvelis ofiss, raTa<br />

misi saqmianoba adamianis<br />

uflebaTa dacvis<br />

sferoSi ufro nayofieri<br />

iyos?<br />

revoluciis Semdeg miznad yvela<br />

saxelmwifo saagentos efeqturad<br />

amoqmedeba davisaxeT. am<br />

miznis misaRwevad saWiro iyo<br />

TanamSromlebs normaluri, metnaklebad<br />

adekvaturi xelfase-<br />

8<br />

bi hqonodaT. Cven uzrunvelvyaviT<br />

maRalCinosnebisTvis saxelfaso<br />

danamatis gamoyofa,<br />

raTa saxelmwifos saSualeba<br />

hqonoda, maRalkvalificiuri<br />

kadrebi moezida. es proeqti<br />

mxolod weliwadnaxevars gagr-<br />

Zelda, magram am drois ganmavlobaSi<br />

movaxerxeT administrireba<br />

funqciuri da efeqturi<br />

gamxdariyo. Cveni wvlili SevitaneT<br />

aseve saxelmwifo struqturebis<br />

teqnikuri bazis gaumjobesebaSi,<br />

strategiuli dokumentebis<br />

SemuSavebaSi da a. S.<br />

am mimarTulebiT davexmareT<br />

ombudsmenis ofissac. Cveni amocana<br />

iyo, rom is gavlenian saxelmwifo<br />

institutad Camoyalibebuliyo.

Tqveni azriT ramdenad<br />

gavleniania dRes saxalxo<br />

damcvelis instituti<br />

saqarTveloSi?<br />

mimarTuleba da pozicia, romelic<br />

saxalxo damcvelis ofisma<br />

airCia adamianis uflebaTa dasacavad,<br />

Zalian sworad aris<br />

gansazRvruli. marTebulad<br />

aris formulirebuli is rekomendaciebic,<br />

romlebsac saxalxo<br />

damcvelis ofisi xelisuflebas<br />

aZlevs, raTa adamianis<br />

uflebaTa dacvis sferoSi mdgomareoba<br />

gaumjobesdes. yvela<br />

indikatoris mixedviT es instituti<br />

gavlenian saxelmwifo<br />

saagentod Camoyalibda.<br />

adamianis uflebebis<br />

sferoSi ra SeiZleba<br />

CaiTvalos xelisuflebis<br />

warmatebad da ra<br />

ZiriTadi problemebia<br />

jer kidev gadauWreli,<br />

dauyovnebliv reagirebas<br />

rom moiTxovs?<br />

ra Tqma unda, am mimarTulebiT<br />

garkveuli progresi aSkaraa.<br />

magram im Sedegebis miRwevas,<br />

romlebic Cven davisaxeT miznad,<br />

sakmaod didi dro dasWirdeba,<br />

radgan aseTi Sedegebi adamian-<br />

Ta mentalitetis, maTi cnobierebis<br />

cvlilebasac moiTxovs.<br />

es ki swrafad ver xerxdeba.<br />

adamianis uflebebis<br />

sferoSi arsebul problemebTan<br />

mimarTebiT<br />

xelisuflebis mentalitetis<br />

cvlilebasac<br />

gulisxmobT?<br />

ra Tqma unda, amasac. vmuSaobT<br />

imaze, Tu rogor unda gaxdes xelisufleba<br />

ufro metad pasuxismgebeli<br />

da angariSvaldebuli<br />

adamianis uflebebTan dakav-<br />

Sirebuli sakiTxebis gamo, rogor<br />

unda moxdes Sesabamisi rekomendaciebis<br />

danergva da ma-<br />

Ti monitoringi.<br />

rogor fiqrobT, am TvalsazrisiT<br />

progresi Seim-<br />

Cneva xelisuflebaSi?<br />

rasakvirvelia, Tumca isev vimeoreb,<br />

rom xelSesaxebi Sedegebis<br />

miRweva did dros moiTxovs.<br />

magaliTad, Cveni erT-er-<br />

Ti proeqti genderul politikas<br />

exeba da am sakiTxze parlamentTanac<br />

vTanamSromlobT.<br />

magram sustma da Zlierma sqesma<br />

rom erTnairi mopyroba daimsaxuros,<br />

amisTvis, meti Tu ara,<br />

is dro mainc unda gavides, rac<br />

asparezze kidev erTi axali Taobis<br />

gamosvlisTvis aris saWiro.<br />

ra Tqma unda, ver moxdeba<br />

ise, rom Cven proeqts davasrulebT<br />

da Sedegad saqarTveloSi<br />

qalebis mimarT ufro samarTlian<br />

mopyrobas miviRebT. magram<br />

es proeqti, Cveni Rrma rwmeniT,<br />

am grZel gzaze erTi win<br />

gadadgmuli nabijia.<br />

Cven SeviswavleT qalebis mimarT<br />

ganxorcielebuli ojaxuri<br />

Zaladobis sakiTxi. ra Tqma<br />

unda, marto kvleva am problemas<br />

ver gadaWris, magram problemebisa<br />

da maTi gamomwvevi<br />

mizezebis dadgena umniSvnelovanesi<br />

etapia, romlis Semdeg<br />

mdgomareobis gaumjobesebis<br />

gzebi unda gamoinaxos.<br />

Cvenve vafinansebT erovnuli<br />

umciresobebis problemebis<br />

kvlevasac, romelsac saxalxo<br />

damcvelis ofisi axorcielebs.<br />

ra Tqma unda, kvleva am SemTxvevaSic<br />

ver Secvlis eTnikuri<br />

umciresobebis mimarT sazogadoebis<br />

damokidebulebas. magram<br />

am kvlevis Sedegad miRebuli<br />

rekomendaciebi daex-<br />

9<br />

mareba xelisuflebas erovnuli<br />

umciresobebis mimarT saxelmwifo<br />

politikis SemuSavebaSi,<br />

rac am sferoSi arsebuli problemebis<br />

mogvarebis winapirobaa<br />

da a. S.<br />

adamianis uflebebis<br />

sferoSi erT-erTi yvelaze<br />

seriozuli problema<br />

cixeebSi arsebuli<br />

mdgomareobaa. Tqveni<br />

azriT, ra keTdeba am<br />

mimarTulebiT? icvleba<br />

Tu ara xelisuflebis<br />

mentaliteti, xvdebian<br />

Tu ara, rom patimrebsac<br />

adamianurad unda<br />

moeqce, rom maTi Ziri-<br />

Tadi uflebebi daculi<br />

unda iyos?<br />

cixeebSi arsebuli problemebi<br />

erT-erT umTavres gamowvevad<br />

rCeba am xelisuflebisTvis.<br />

aseve bevri pretenzia arsebobs<br />

eWvmitanilTa dakavebis dros<br />

daSvebuli Secdomebis gamo,<br />

imis gamo, rom policia araTanazomad<br />

iyenebs Zalas eWvimitanilebis<br />

ayvanisas da a. S.<br />

me vfiqrob, rom policiis struqturebSi<br />

bevri ram Seicvala,<br />

policiis saqmianoba gacilebiT<br />

ufro gamWvirvale gaxda. sagrZnoblad<br />

Semcirda korufciac.<br />

bevri ram gakeTda, rom es organo<br />

pasuxisgeblobis mqone samoqalaqo<br />

institutad iqces.<br />

magram miRweuli warmatebebis<br />

miuxedavad, kvlav rCeba problemebi<br />

da es problemebi, pirvel<br />

yovlisa, dakavebulTa mimarT<br />

mopyrobaSi mdgomareobs. amitom<br />

es Tema erT-erTi prioritetulia<br />

saxalxo damcvelisaTvis,<br />

iseve rogorc saerTaSoriso<br />

organizaciebisTvisac.<br />

patimarTa mdgomareoba sruliad<br />

miuRebelia, gansakuTrebiT<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

interviu<br />

maTi, vinc sasamarTlos molodinSi<br />

winaswari dakavebis sakanSi<br />

imyofeba. me piradad movinaxule<br />

ramdenime cixe da Sokirebuli<br />

davrCi iq arsebuli<br />

viTarebiT.<br />

roca me-5 izolators vestumre,<br />

iq amixsnes, Tu ra progresi<br />

iqna miRweuli am bolo dros,<br />

rom, magaliTad, is sakani, romelic<br />

sardafSi iyo mowyobili<br />

patimarTa dasasjelad, aRar<br />

arsebobs. es informacia saerTa-<br />

Soriso organizaciis warmomadgenlebmac<br />

damidastures. ase<br />

rom, sapatimroebSi arsebuli<br />

bevri mankieri tradicia aRmoifxvra.<br />

magram, miuxedavad amisa,<br />

sruliad miuRebeli rCeba<br />

pirobebi, romlebSic patimrebis<br />

umravlesobas uwevs yofna.<br />

am problemas xelisuflebac<br />

acnobierebs da garkveuli nabijebi<br />

ukve gadaidga. Sendeba<br />

axali cixeebi, rac mdgomareobas<br />

aucileblad gamoasworebs.<br />

magaliTad, rusTavis me-2<br />

sapyrobileSi Seudareblad<br />

ukeTesi pirobebia, vidre imave<br />

me-5 izolatorSi.<br />

miuxedavad erTgvari<br />

warmatebisa, progresis<br />

tempi am mimarTulebiT<br />

mainc nelia. Tqveni azriT,<br />

ratom? imitom, rom<br />

xelisuflebisTvis es<br />

Tema prioritetuli ar<br />

aris, Tu imis gamo, rom<br />

cixeebSi pirobebis gaumjobeseba<br />

did materialur<br />

saxsrebTan aris<br />

dakavSirebuli, ris sa-<br />

Sualebasac biujeti ar<br />

iZleva?<br />

me vfiqrob, am SemTxvevaSi orive<br />

faqtoris kombinaciasTan<br />

gvaqvs saqme. cxadia, patimrebi<br />

imitom arian aseT pirobeb-<br />

Si, rom ar aris saxsrebi axali<br />

cixeebis asaSeneblad. Tumca<br />

TandaTan saxsrebic gamoCnda,<br />

cixeebis mSenebloba dawyebulia<br />

da Cven imedi gvaqvs, rom<br />

momavali wlisTvis sapatimroebSi<br />

arsebuli gausaZlisi pirobebi<br />

sagrZnoblad Semsubuqdeba.<br />

magram TviT is faqti,<br />

rom amdeni xnis ganmavlobaSi<br />

dasaSvebad miiCneoda cixeebSi<br />

arsebuli mdgomareoba, swored<br />

imaze metyvelebs, rom mentalitetis<br />

cvlilebac saWiroa.<br />

eTnikuri umciresobebis<br />

integraciis sakiTxi<br />

erT-erTi mTavari<br />

problemaa saqarTvelos<br />

mier damoukideblobis<br />

mopovebis dRidan. rogor<br />

ggoniaT, ramdenad<br />

sworia am sferoSi xelisuflebis<br />

mier aRebuli<br />

gezi da ra tendenciebi<br />

SeiniSneba am TvalsazrisiT<br />

sazogadoebaSi?<br />

ra Tqma unda, eTnikuri umciresobebis<br />

mimarT sazogadoebis<br />

damokidebulebis Secvla umniSvnelovanesi<br />

ram aris am sferoSi.<br />

xelisuflebas marTebs<br />

biZgi da swori mimarTuleba<br />

misces am process. xelisuflebam<br />

iseTi proeqtebi unda ganaxorcielos<br />

(da amas akeTebs<br />

kidec), romlebic umciresobebis<br />

winaSe mdgar problemebs<br />

gadaWris. magaliTad, Tu samcxe-javaxeTis<br />

regionze visaubrebT,<br />

romelic ZiriTadad<br />

eTnikuri umciresobebiT aris<br />

dasaxlebuli, mizezi, ris gamoc<br />

es regioni mowyvetili iyo danarCeni<br />

qveynisgan, sagzao infrastruqturis<br />

ararsebobac<br />

iyo. samcxe-javaxeTi wlebis<br />

ganmavlobaSi CamoSorebuli<br />

iyo yvela im process, romelic<br />

qveyanaSi mimdinareobda. dRes<br />

bevri ram keTdeba, gzebis reabilitaciis<br />

CaTvliT, rom es re-<br />

10<br />

gioni welSi gaimarTos da srulfasovnad<br />

CaerTos ekonomikuri<br />

ganviTarebis procesebSi, rac<br />

xels Seuwyobs adgilobrivi<br />

mosaxleobis integracias<br />

qveynis mTel sazogadoebasTan.<br />

Tqveni azriT, ramdenad<br />

tolerantulia qarTuli<br />

sazogadoeba eTnikuri<br />

umciresobebis mimarT?<br />

magaliTad, maRali<br />

Tanamdebobis dakavebis<br />

ra SesaZlebloba<br />

aqvs Cvens sazogadoebaSi<br />

sxva eTnikuri warmomavlobis<br />

adamians?<br />

sanam es umciresobebi izolirebulebi<br />

iqnebian da sanam<br />

isini ekonomikur siduxWireSi<br />

icxovreben, manamde minimaluri<br />

Sansi rCeba saimisod, rom<br />

maTma warmomadgenlebma sazogadoebaSi<br />

maRali socialuri<br />

statusi moipovon.<br />

garda amisa, isic Zalze mniSvnelovania,<br />

ramdenadaa mzad<br />

qarTuli sazogadoeba kulturuli<br />

TvalsazrisiT, rom eTnikuri<br />

umciresobis warmomadgeneli<br />

maRal saxelisuflo<br />

Tanamdebobaze ixilos. mTavrobac<br />

da gaeros ganviTarebis<br />

programac bevrs akeTebs imisaTvis,<br />

rom umciresobebis winaSe<br />

mdgari problemebi, ekonomikuri<br />

Tu socialur-kulturuli,<br />

gadaiWras, magram Tu<br />

sazogadoebaSi arsebuli stereotipebi<br />

ar Seicvala, maSin<br />

mniSvnelovani gardatexa am<br />

mimarTulebiT ar moxdeba.<br />

meore mxriv, rac ufro metad<br />

iqnebian eTnikuri umciresobebi<br />

CarTulni sazogadobrivi<br />

cxovrebis mTavar dinebebSi,<br />

miT ufro gaadvildeba maTi<br />

socialuri poziciebis gamyareba<br />

sazogadoebaSi.

magram imisaTvis, rom<br />

eTnikuri umciresobebis<br />

integrireba moxdes<br />

qveynis politikur da<br />

ekonomikur cxovrebaSi,<br />

sul mcire qarTuli enis<br />

codnaa saWiro, rac seriozuli<br />

problemaa<br />

TiTqmis yvela eTnikuri<br />

umciresobisTvis. es ki<br />

is barieria, romelsac<br />

maT magivrad veravin<br />

daZlevs.<br />

rasakvirvelia, asea, magram unda<br />

arsebobdes motivacia imisaTvis,<br />

rom qarTuli iswavlon.<br />

rodesac isini ekonomikuri da<br />

politikuri TvalsazrisiT<br />

srul izolaciaSi cxovrobdnen,<br />

ra Tqma unda, aranairi<br />

aseTi motivacia ar arsebobda.<br />

axla ki, roca am izolaciis<br />

dasaZlevad bevri ram gakeTda,<br />

motivaciac gaaCnda. Tavis mxriv,<br />

xelisuflebac qmnis pirobebs,<br />

rom qarTulis Seswavla maT-<br />

Tvis xelmisawvdomi gaxdes. magram<br />

enis swavla or-sam dReSi<br />

ar xdeba, amasac dro dasWirdeba.<br />

sxvaTaSoris, momavali saparlamento<br />

arCevnebi iqneba kargi<br />

indikatori imisa, Tu rogori<br />

damokidebuleba aqvs xelisuflebas<br />

eTnikuri umciresobebis<br />

mimarT. Cven vesaubrebiT mTavrobis<br />

warmomadgenlebs da<br />

vuxsniT _ imisaTvis, rom arCevnebi<br />

namdvilad demokratiuli,<br />

Tavisufali da gamWvirvale<br />

iyos, saWiroa eTnikur umciresobebs<br />

maqsimaluri informacia<br />

hqondeT imis Sesaxeb, Tu romeli<br />

partiebi iReben monawileobas<br />

arCevnebSi, vin arian maTi<br />

liderebi, ra programa aqvT da<br />

a. S. imis gamo, rom eTnikur<br />

umciresobaTa umravlesobam ar<br />

icis qarTuli, maT am informaciis<br />

miReba uWirT. 2008 wlam-<br />

de isini qarTuls ise ver iswavlian,<br />

rom saarCevno procesebSi<br />

aqtiurad Caeban. amitom<br />

maT es informacia mSobliur<br />

enaze unda miewodoT. es ase<br />

xdeba yvela qveyanaSi. magali-<br />

Tad, SveicariaSi mosaxleoba<br />

oTx lingvistur jgufadaa<br />

gayofili. amitom aucilebelia,<br />

rom yvela oficialuri,<br />

saxelmwifo dokumenti oTxive<br />

enaze iTargmnos. miuxedavad<br />

imisa, rom am oTxi enidan erTerTs<br />

mosaxleobis 2 procentze<br />

meti ar flobs.<br />

11<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

Tolerance<br />

adamianis uflebebi<br />

da universaluri<br />

pasuxismgebloba<br />

dalai-lama XIV, gaeros saerTaSoriso konferencia `adamianis uflebebi~<br />

vena, avstria, 1995 wlis 15 ivnisi<br />

mosaxleobis zrdis Sesabamisad,<br />

adamianebsa da mTavrobebs Soris<br />

kontaqtebis gaRrmavebas-<br />

Tan erTad Cveni samyaro sul<br />

ufro mWidro da urTierTdamokidebuli<br />

xdeba. am garemoebis<br />

gaTvaliswinebiT, adamianebis<br />

xalxebisa da erebis uflebebi<br />

erTmaneTTan da mTlianad<br />

planetasTan damokidebulebis<br />

TavalsazrisiT axal gaazrebas<br />

saWiroebs. organizaciebisa da<br />

mTavrobebis es saerTaSoriso<br />

konferencia msoflioSi adamianebis<br />

uflebebisa da Tavisuflebis<br />

sakiTxs eZRvneba. es imaze<br />

miuTiTebs, rom sul ufro<br />

da ufro Rrmad vacnobierebT,<br />

rom erTmaneTze damokidebulni<br />

vxdebiT.<br />

warmomavlobis miuxedavad, yvelani,<br />

upirvelesad, adamianebi<br />

varT. am TvalsazrisiT arafriT<br />

ganvsxvavdebiT erTmaneTisgan;<br />

gvaqvs saerTo adamianuri<br />

12<br />

moTxovnilebebi da sazrunavi;<br />

miuxedavad rasisa, religiisa,<br />

sqesisa da sazogadoebrivi<br />

statusisa, yvelani bednierebas<br />

veswrafviT da tanjvisgan Tavis<br />

daRwevas vcdilobT. adamians,<br />

iseve rogorc yvela cocxal<br />

arsebas, bednierebisken<br />

swrafvis, samyaroTi tkbobisa<br />

da Tavisuflebis ufleba aqvs.<br />

rogorc Tavisufal pirovnebebs,<br />

ZalgviZs, unikaluri inteleqtis<br />

wyalobiT vcadoT<br />

sakuTari Tavisa da samyaros<br />

Secnoba, magram Tu Cveni SemoqmedebiTi<br />

potencialis gamoyenebaSi<br />

xels gviSlian, maSin adamianobis<br />

ganmsazRvrel erTerT<br />

mniSvnelovan Tvisebas vkargavT.<br />

adamianis uflebebis dar-<br />

Rvevis msxverplad, Zalze xSirad,<br />

Cveni sazogadoebis yvelaze<br />

niWieri, Seupovari da SemoqmedebiTad<br />

moazrovne wevrebi<br />

xdebian. amrigad, adamianis uflebebis<br />

darRveva xels uSlis

Cveni sazogadoebis politikur,<br />

socialur, kulturul da ekonomikur<br />

ganviTarebas. Sesabamisad<br />

am uflebebis da Tavisuflebis<br />

dacva kolosalur mniSvnelobas<br />

iZens, rogorc calkeuli<br />

adamianisTvis, aseve mTlianad<br />

sazogadoebis ganviTarebis-<br />

Tvis.<br />

mwams, rom is ZiriTadi faqtori,<br />

ris gamoc erTi adamiani meores<br />

tanjavs, bednierebis WeSmariti<br />

mizezebis arasakmarisi codnaa.<br />

zogi fiqrobs, rom sxvisi datanjva<br />

mis bednierebas Seuwyobs<br />

xels, misi piradi bednierebis-<br />

Tvisaa saWiro sxvisTvis tkivilis<br />

miyeneba, magram es xom<br />

aSkara sibecea. sxva adamianebisTvis<br />

zianis miyenebiT namdvil<br />

bednierebas veravin miaRwevs.<br />

sxvis ubedurebaze agebuli<br />

bedniereba xanmoklea. sxvis-<br />

Tvis tanjvis miyeneba, maTi samyarosa<br />

da bednierebis dangreva<br />

wuxils, SiSsa da sakuTari Tavis<br />

mimarT undoblobas iwvevs.<br />

ukeTesi da ufro bednieri samyaros<br />

Seqmnis gasaRebs sxva adamianebis<br />

siyvaruli da TanagrZnoba<br />

warmoadgens. es, ra Tqma<br />

unda, imas niSnavs, rom ufro<br />

meti unda vizrunoT Cvens debsa<br />

da Zmebze, visac naklebad<br />

gaumarTla. am mxriv, gadamwyveti<br />

roli sazogadoebriv organizaciebs<br />

eniWebaT. Tqven sazogadoebas<br />

ara marto yvela adamianis<br />

uflebebis dacvis aucileblobaSi<br />

arwmunebT, aramed<br />

adamianis uflebebis darRvevis<br />

msxverplT ukeTesi momavlis<br />

imeds usaxavT.<br />

1973 wlis evropaSi pirveli vizitis<br />

dros msoflioSi adamianTa<br />

mzardi urTierTdamokidebulebisa<br />

da universaluri<br />

pasuxismgeblobis grZnobis<br />

ganviTarebis Sesaxeb visaubre.<br />

Cven globalur azrovnebas<br />

vsaWiroebT, vinaidan erTi romelime<br />

eris moqmedeba mis mier<br />

aTvisebuli teritoriis sazRvrebidan<br />

Sors aisaxeba. Tanamedrove<br />

msoflioSi principul<br />

mniSvnelobas iZens adamianis<br />

uflebebis yvelasaTvis savaldebulo<br />

standartebis miReba,<br />

rogorc es aRniSnulia, Cawerilia<br />

adamianis uflebaTa `universalur<br />

deklaraciaSi~ da<br />

adamianis uflebaTa `saerTa-<br />

Soriso konvenciaSi~. adamianis<br />

fundamenturi uflebebis pativiscema<br />

mxolod idealad ar unda<br />

darCes, igi mtkice safuZv-<br />

13<br />

lad unda daedos adamianTa<br />

sazogadoebis mSeneblobas.<br />

uflebebi da Tavisufleba pirovnul<br />

movaleobasac gulisxmobs.<br />

gvinda ganvacxadoT, rom<br />

mSvidobiani cxovrebisa da bednierebis<br />

ufleba sxvebsac iseve<br />

aqvT, rogorc Cven. amiT gaWirvebulebis<br />

SewevniT valdebulebas<br />

viRebT sakuTar Tavze. adamianis<br />

fundamenturi uflebebis<br />

pativiscema mniSvnelovania,<br />

rogorc afrikisa da aziis, iseve<br />

evropisa da amerikis mcovreb-<br />

TaTvis. yvela adamiani,<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

Tolerance<br />

miuxedavad kulturuli da<br />

istoriuli memkvidreobisa,<br />

itanjeba, roca aSineben, apatimreben,<br />

an awameben. adamianis<br />

uflebebis Sesaxeb sakiTxs<br />

iseTi fundamenturi mniSvneloba<br />

aqvs, rom amasTan dakavSirebiT<br />

raime gansxvavebuli Sexeduleba<br />

ar arsebobs. ase rom,<br />

adamianis uflebebis pativiscemis<br />

valdebulebasTan dakav-<br />

SirebiT unda mivaRwioT ara<br />

mxolod sayovelTao SeTanxmebas,<br />

aramed Tanxmobas am<br />

uflebebis gansazRvris dros.<br />

amas winaT zogierTma azielma<br />

mmarTvelma ganacxada, rom<br />

adamianis uflebaTa `universalur<br />

deklaraciaSi~ Cawerili<br />

uflebaTa normebi dasavleTis<br />

mieraa SemoTavazebuli da kulturuli,<br />

aseve socialur-ekonomikuri<br />

ganviTarebis gansxvavebis<br />

gamo ar gamodgeba aziisa<br />

da mesame qveynebis sxva regionebSi.<br />

me ver gaviziareb am Sexedulebas.<br />

aseve mjera, rom am<br />

Tvalsazriss bevri azielic ar<br />

eTanxmeba, vinaidan Tavad adamianis<br />

bunebaSia Cadebuli Tavisuflebis,<br />

Tanasworobisa da<br />

Rirsebisken swrafva. yvela adamians<br />

erTnairad amoZravebs<br />

maTi miRwevis survili. veravi-<br />

Tar winaaRmdegobas ver vxedav<br />

ekonomikuri ganviTarebis aucileblobasa<br />

da adamianis uflebebis<br />

pativiscemis valdebulebas<br />

Soris. simdidrem da kulturul-religiurmamravalferovnebam<br />

yovel sazogadoebaSi<br />

mxolod xeli unda Seuwyos<br />

adamianis fundamenturi uflebebis<br />

dacvas. es mravalferovneba<br />

yvela adamianis, rogorc<br />

erTi zogadasakacobrio ojaxis<br />

wevrebis, gamaerTianebel<br />

fundamentur principebs gulisxmobs.<br />

tradiciebis gansxvavebiT<br />

verasdros aixsneba da gamarTldeba<br />

adamianis uflebebis<br />

darRveva. sxva rasis adami-<br />

anebis, qalebisa da sazogadoebis<br />

dabali fenebis diskriminacia<br />

SesaZloa tradicias warmoadgendes<br />

zogierT regionSi,<br />

magram, Tu isini universalurad<br />

aRiarebul adamianis uflebebs<br />

ewinaaRmdegeba, moqmedebis es<br />

formebi warsuls unda Cabardes.<br />

damyardes yvela adamianis<br />

Tanasworobis universaluri<br />

principi.<br />

adamianis uflebebis universalurobis<br />

aRiarebas umTavresad<br />

avtoritaruli da totalitaruli<br />

reJimebi ewinaaRmdegebian.<br />

maTi Sexedulebebis gaziareba<br />

yovlad Seuwynarebelia.<br />

piriqiT, saWiroa aseTi reJimebis<br />

iZuleba, raTa pativi scen<br />

sayovelTaod aRiarebul principebs<br />

da ganaxorcielon isini,<br />

sakuTari xalxebis ufro arsebiTi<br />

da grZelvadiani interesebidan<br />

gamomdinare. ukanasknel<br />

wlebSi momxdarma dramatulma<br />

cvlilebebma naTlad warmoaCina<br />

adamianis uflebebis aRiarebisa<br />

da gamarjvebis gardauvaloba.<br />

erebi erTmaneTisa da Cveni saerTo<br />

planetis mimarT sul ufro<br />

met pasuxismgeblobas iCenen.<br />

es sasixarulo movlenaa im fonze,<br />

roca adamianebi jer kidev<br />

uzarmazar tanjvas ayeneben<br />

erTmaneTs, Sovinisturi, rasobrivi,<br />

ideologiuri da istoriuli<br />

mosazrebidan gamomdinare.<br />

daCagrulTaTvis axali<br />

imedebi isaxeba. adamianebi<br />

yvelgan mzad arian TanamoZmeebis<br />

uflebebisa da Tavisuflebis<br />

dacvisaTvis.<br />

uxeSi Zala verasodes CaaxSobs<br />

Tavisuflebisa da Rirsebisadmi<br />

adamianis miswrafebas. aRar<br />

aris sakmarisi xalxis damSeva<br />

da maTi sisxlis daRvra, rogorc<br />

amas komunistebi akeTebdnen.<br />

adamianis bunebis ufro<br />

14<br />

Rrma moTxovnilebas Tavisuflebis<br />

haeriT sunTqva warmoadgens.<br />

Tumca zogierTi mTavroba<br />

sakuTari moqalaqeebis<br />

fundamentur uflebebs saSinao<br />

saqmed ganixilavs. maT ar surT<br />

gaigon, yoveli qveynis mcxovrebTa<br />

bedi saerTo, zogadsakacobrio<br />

zrunvis sagans warmoadgens<br />

da mosazrebebi suverenitetis<br />

Sesaxeb sakuTari mosaxleobis<br />

Cagvris safuZvels ar<br />

unda qmnides. Cven, rogorc adamianTa<br />

globaluri ojaxis wevrebs,<br />

ara marto protestis ufleba<br />

gvaqvs, roca Cveni debi da<br />

Zmebi sisastikis msxverplni<br />

xdebian, aramed valdebulni<br />

varT yvelaferi gavakeToT maT<br />

dasaxmareblad.<br />

arc Tu didi xnis win erebisa<br />

da xalxebis gamyofi xelovnuri<br />

barierebi moiSala. berlinis<br />

kedlis dacemiT aTwleulebis<br />

manZilze dasavleTad da<br />

aRmosavleTad gayofili msoflio<br />

warsuls Cabarda. Cven<br />

imedebiTa da molodiniT aRsavse<br />

epoqaSi vcxovrobT, magram<br />

jer kidev rCeba uzarmazari<br />

naprali, romelic kacobriobis<br />

ojaxis guls Suaze kveTs. am<br />

SemTxvevaSi CrdiloeTisa da<br />

samxreTis ganxeTqilebas vgulisxmob.<br />

Tu marTla vaRiarebT<br />

Tanasworobis principebs, romelic<br />

adamianis uflebebis<br />

koncefciis safuZvels warmoadgens,<br />

aRar unda davxuWoT<br />

Tvali dRevandel ekonomikur<br />

uTanasworobaze. aRar SeiZleba<br />

mxolod gancxadeba imisa,<br />

rom adamianebi Tanasworuflebianebi<br />

arian TavianTi RirsebiT.<br />

es moqmedebaSi unda gamoixatos.<br />

Cven msoflio resursebis<br />

ufro samarTliani gadanawilebis<br />

gzebi unda gamovnaxoT.<br />

mTel msoflioSi adamianis uflebebisa<br />

da demokratiuli Tavisuflebis<br />

dasacavad umniSvne-

lovanesi sazogadoebrivi moZraobis<br />

mowmeni varT. es moZraoba<br />

ufro Zlevamosili unda<br />

gaxdes zneobrivi TvalsazrisiT,<br />

rom misi CaxSoba yvelaze saxelgatexilma<br />

maTvarobebma da armiebmac<br />

ki ver SeZlon. es konferencia<br />

am principebis mimarT<br />

Cvens erTgulebas adasturebs.<br />

samarTliani da bunebrivia,<br />

roca erebi, xalxebi da calkeuli<br />

adamianebi sakuTari uflebebisa<br />

da Tavisuflebis pativiscemas<br />

iTxoven, represiebis,<br />

rasizmis ekonomikuri eqspluataciis<br />

aRkveTisTvis ibrZvian,<br />

samxedro okupaciis, kolonializmis<br />

sxvadasxva formebis<br />

da garedan gabatonebis winaaRmdeg<br />

ilaSqreben. mTavrobebma<br />

fuWi laparakis nacvlad aqtiurad<br />

unda dauWiron mxari<br />

msgavs moTxovnebs.<br />

me-20 saukunis dasasruls vuaxlovdebiT<br />

da msoflios erTian<br />

sazogadoebad Camoyalibebis<br />

procesi Cvens Tvalwin mimdinareobs.<br />

movaleni varT, gaver-<br />

TiandeT seriozuli problemebis<br />

gadasaWrelad. es problemebi<br />

ukavSirdeba migracias,<br />

bunebrivi resursebis amowurvas,<br />

ekologiur kriziss, rac<br />

planetaze Cvens arsebobas uqmnis<br />

safrTxes. adamianis uflebebi,<br />

garesamyaros dacva, socialur-ekonomikuriTanasworoba<br />

_ yovelive es mWidro<br />

urTierTkavSirSia. mwams, rom<br />

drois mier wamoWrili problemebis<br />

dasaZlevad adamianebma<br />

sakuTar TavSi universaluri<br />

pasuxismgebloba ufro unda<br />

gaaRrmavon. yvela Cvenganma<br />

unda iRvawos ara mxolod sakuTari<br />

Tavis, sakuTari ojaxis,<br />

an sakuTari xalxis, aramed<br />

mTeli kacobriobis keTildReobisaTvis.<br />

universaluri pasuxismgebloba<br />

mTeli msoflios<br />

winaSe mSvidobis safuZvels<br />

warmoadgens.<br />

TanamSromlobis saWiroeba<br />

mxolod daaxlovebs kacobriobas.<br />

misi daxmarebiT gavacnobierebT,<br />

rom axali msoflio<br />

wesrigis yvelaze mtkice safuZvels<br />

warmoadgens ara ubralod<br />

farTo politikuri da ekonomikuri<br />

kavSirebis Camoyalibeba,<br />

aramed gulwrfeli siyvarulis<br />

praqtika da yoveli calkeuli<br />

adamianis TanagrZnoba. es Tvisebebi<br />

adamianis bednierebis<br />

umTavresi wyaroa da maT mimarT<br />

Cveni moTxovnileba yofierebis<br />

saZirkvels warmoadgens. TanagrZnoba<br />

aris ara idealizmi, aramed<br />

sakuTari da sxvisi WeSmariti<br />

moTxovnilebebis dakmayofilebis<br />

yvelaze efeqturi<br />

saSualeba. rac ufro urTierTdamokidebulebi<br />

vxdebiT, miT<br />

ufro vgrZnobT sxvaTa keTildReobisaTvis<br />

zrunvis saWiroebas.<br />

mwams, rom erT-erTi principuli<br />

faqtori, rac urTierTdamokidebulebis<br />

gacnobierebaSi<br />

gviSlis xels, aris materialuri<br />

progresiT metismeti gataceba.<br />

Cvenda uneburad umTavresi<br />

Tvisebebi _ TanagrZnoba,<br />

sxvebze mzrunveloba, TanamSromlobisaTvis<br />

mzadyofna<br />

ugulebelvyaviT. Tu viRacas<br />

ar vicnobT, an romelime adamianTan,<br />

an jgufTan raime ar<br />

gvakavSirebs, saerTod ar vaqcevT<br />

maT gaWirvebas yuradRebas.<br />

adamianTa sazogadoebis<br />

ganviTareba ki moiTxovs, rom<br />

adamianebma erTmaneTs daxmarebis<br />

xeli gauwodon.<br />

mwams, rom sazogadoebis Secvla<br />

calkeul adamianebs ZaluZT.<br />

TiToeulma ufro meti unda<br />

akeTos, raTa Cveni saerTo ojaxi<br />

swori mimarTulebiT ganvi-<br />

Tardes. es valdebuleba yovelma<br />

Cvenganma unda itvirTos.<br />

rogorc budisti beri, sakuTar<br />

TavSi TanagrZnobis ganviTa-<br />

15<br />

rebas vcdilob ara mxolod<br />

religiuri praqtikis, aramed<br />

adamianuri TvalsazrisiTac. am<br />

altruistuli ganwyobilebis<br />

gasaZliereblad zogjer warmovidgen,<br />

rom sruliad marto<br />

vdgavar uzarmazari brbos pirispir,<br />

romelsac yvela danar-<br />

Ceni adamiani warmoadgens da<br />

vekiTxebi sakuTar Tavs, visi<br />

interesebi ufro mniSvnelovania?<br />

CemTvis savsebiT cxadi<br />

xdeba, rom rogori mniSvnelobac<br />

ar unda mivaniWo sakuTar<br />

Tavs, me mxolod da mxolod<br />

erTi adamiani var, maSin, rodesac<br />

sxvebi usasrulod bevrni<br />

arian TavianTi raodenobiTa<br />

da mniSvnelobiT.<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

mrgvali magida<br />

stumrad samSobloSi<br />

mogonebebi mSobiluri mxarisa da sakuTari saxlkaris Sesaxeb; uamravi keTili<br />

adamianis mier gamowvdili daxmarebis xeli, gamamxnevebeli sityva da survilebi;<br />

dauviwyari ambebi gmiri meomrebis, gamyidveli sardlebisa da politikosebis<br />

Sesaxeb; Tvidan Tvemde saarsebod sakmari 14 laris molodini; saxlSi<br />

dabrunebisa da droebiTi sacxovrebeli farTidan specrazmisa da vidokamerebis<br />

TanxlebiT gamosaxlebis `perspeqtiva~; mSobliur mxareSi dabrunebis Sesaxeb<br />

SeTxzuli imedebis asrulebis molodini; mravaljer mosmenili sayveduri<br />

`amdeni iyaviT da aqeT ras gamorbodiT~; _ esaa afxazeTidan da samxreT ose-<br />

Tidan gandevnili 300 aTasamde Cveni Tanamemamulis yoveldRiuri fiqrisa da<br />

cxovrebis nawili.<br />

koba Cofliani: dRevandeli<br />

mrgvali magidis<br />

Temaa saqarTvelos devnili<br />

mosaxleoba, maTi<br />

socialuri mdgomareoba,<br />

sayofacxovrebo<br />

problemebi, ganviTarebis<br />

perspeqtivebi da<br />

devnilebTan dakavSirebuli<br />

sxva sakiTxebi.<br />

magram vidre yovelive<br />

amaze visaubrebdeT, sainteresoa<br />

piradad<br />

TqvenTvis vin arian devnilebi,<br />

Tqveni dakvirvebiT,<br />

rogor aRiqvamen<br />

maT sazogadoebis sxvadasxva<br />

jgufebi da Tvi-<br />

Ton devnilebi rogor<br />

aRiqvamen im sazogadoebas,<br />

sadac maT amJamad<br />

uwevT cxovreba?<br />

SoTa molaSxia, saqarTvelos<br />

parlamentis wevri, teritoriuli<br />

mTlianobis droebiTi saparlamento<br />

komisiis Tvamjdomare:<br />

devnilebi, pirvel yovlisa,<br />

samarTlebrivad SezRuduli<br />

adamianebi arian, romlebmac<br />

dakarges qoneba, maTi ufleba<br />

16<br />

dairRva, maT ar aqvT dakargulis<br />

Sesabamisi bina da mdgomareoba<br />

aq, sadac axla cxovroben.<br />

aris meore tipis problema _<br />

fsiqologiuri: amdeni xnis ganmavlobaSi<br />

maTze praqtikulad<br />

aravin zrunavda, aravin eubnebodaT,<br />

rogor ganviTardeboda<br />

maTi cxovreba, sul molodinSi<br />

iyvnen da amitom sasowarkve-<br />

Tilni arian. unda moxdes maTi<br />

fsiqologiuri reabilitacia,<br />

maT saqarTvelos srulyofil<br />

moqalaqeebad unda igrZnon<br />

Tavi. am xalxs gansakuTrebuli<br />

midgoma da gansakuTrebuli<br />

mopyroba sWirdeba _ maT xom<br />

umZimesi tanjva gamoiares.<br />

uSuqobas, uwylobas, rac yvela<br />

Cvenganis problema iyo, maT-<br />

Tvis isic daemata, rom mTeli<br />

qoneba dakarges da axla imeds<br />

mainc nuRar davakargvinebT!<br />

giorgi gvasalia, saqarTvelos<br />

parlamentis teritoriuli mTlianobis<br />

droebiTi saparlamento komisiis<br />

aparati:<br />

ra RonisZiebebis gatarebasac<br />

ar unda apirebdes saxelmwifo<br />

devnilTa mdgomareobis Sesam

subuqeblad, pirvel yovlisa<br />

am xalxisTvis sayofacxovrebo<br />

da socialuri pirobebis gaumjobesebaa<br />

aucilebeli. am mxriv<br />

rom mdgomareoba arasaxarbieloa,<br />

iqidanac Cans, rom ukve<br />

14 welia aq cxovroben da maTi<br />

sabinao problemebi jer kidev<br />

gadauWrelia.<br />

malxaz pataraia, advokati:<br />

me TviTon var afxazeTis mkvidri,<br />

sakuTar Tavze gamovcade<br />

mTeli is ubedureba, amJamindel<br />

viTarebasac kargad vicnob da<br />

SemiZlia giTxraT: devnilobaSi<br />

gatarebuli es TxuTmeti weli<br />

Zalian mZime iyo am adamianebis-<br />

Tvis, rac marto sayofacxovrebo<br />

sakiTxebis mougvareblobiT<br />

rodi iyo gamowveuli _ maTdami,<br />

devnilTadmi sazogadebis<br />

damokidebulebac problemebiT<br />

aRsavse iyo. am TxuTmeti wlis<br />

ganmavlobaSi es xalxi sazogadoebis<br />

marginalur, gariyul<br />

fenad, garkveulwilad Caketil<br />

sazogadoebad Camoyalibda,<br />

radganac ver damyarda normaluri<br />

urTierToba devnil da<br />

adgilobriv mosaxleobas Soris.<br />

mxedvelobaSi maqvs ara epizoduri<br />

kontaqti, aramed srulyofili,<br />

rogoric Cveulebriv<br />

arsebobs sazogadoebis sxvadasxva<br />

nawilebs Soris. amas Tavisi<br />

obieqturi da subieqturi mizezebi<br />

aqvs. jer obieqtur faqtorze<br />

vTqvaT oriod sityva:<br />

daaxloebiT aseTi damokidebuleba<br />

iyo vietnamSi nabrZoli<br />

jariskacebis mimarT mas Semdeg,<br />

rac isini aSS-Si dabrundnen:<br />

did xans adgils ver poulobdnen<br />

da gariyulni iyvnen amerikuli<br />

sazogadoebisgan. sazogadoebas<br />

ar uyvars Tavisi tkivilebis<br />

da marcxis gaxseneba,<br />

Cven ki am tkivilis da marcxis<br />

gamxsenebelni varT. subieqturi<br />

faqtori ki is gaxlavT, rom wina<br />

xelisuflebas eSinoda xalxis<br />

am masis, amitomac yvela ubedurebas,<br />

rac afxazeTSi datrialda,<br />

Cven gvabralebdnen. fsiqolo-<br />

giurad es Zalian mZimed moqmedebda<br />

devnilebzec da saer-<br />

Tod sazogadoebazec. devnil-<br />

Ta mimarT negatiuri ganwyobis<br />

Camoyalibebas wina xelisuflebam<br />

Seuwyo xeli.<br />

valeri kopaleiSvili, devnilTa<br />

mimarT saxelmwifo strategiis<br />

SemmuSavebeli samTavrobo komisiis<br />

samdivnos xelmZRvaneli: TxuTmeti<br />

welia devnilebi Sin dabrunebas<br />

elian da cxovrebis autanel<br />

pirobebsac amis imediT uZleben.<br />

rom ver brundebian, es<br />

erTi problemaa, meore problema<br />

isaa, rom Cven maT marto<br />

molodiniT vkvebavT, intensiurad<br />

ar vurTierTobT maTTan,<br />

isinic wamsvlelebad, `stumrebad~<br />

grZnoben Tavs. es iwvevs<br />

zustad gariyulobis SegrZnebas,<br />

rac ukmayofilebis wyaroa.<br />

socialuri integraciis gzebi<br />

maTTvis Caketilia. sazogadoebis<br />

nawili buzRunebs _ `ra<br />

sul devnilebs unda vexmarebodeT!~.<br />

dabrunebamde am xalxs<br />

xom unda SevuqmnaT imis piro-<br />

SoTa molaSxia<br />

17<br />

bebi, rom stumrad ar igrZnon<br />

Tavi arc TbilisSi, arc quTaisSi,<br />

arc zugdidSi _ arsad.<br />

isinic xom saqarTvelos moqalaqeebi<br />

arian, iseve rogorc<br />

Cven _ danarCenebi; Cven xom SegveZlo<br />

gvecxovra afxazeTSi,<br />

aseve unda SeeZloT maTac aq<br />

cxovreba _ Tbilisi maTic aris,<br />

iseve, rogorc soxumia Cvenic.<br />

giorgi TavaZe, ltolvilTa da<br />

gansaxlebis saministros devnilTa<br />

sakiTxebis departamenti: rodesac<br />

devnilebi aq gamoCndnen, Tavidanve<br />

arasaxarbielo mdgomareobaSi<br />

aRmoCndnen. am adamianeb-<br />

Si amoqmedda TviTgadarCenis<br />

instinqti da uamravi gza da<br />

saSualeba mosinjes, xSir Sem-<br />

TxvevaSi, modi, nu davmalavT,<br />

arakanonieric, rom Tavi gadaerCinaT.<br />

amas ver gavamarTlebT,<br />

magram gageba amisi, vfiqrob,<br />

SesaZlebelia.<br />

dRes Cven vambobT, rom es xalxi<br />

Cveni tkivilia, am xalxs Svela<br />

unda. upirvelesi da umTav-<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

N5(14)'07<br />

mrgvali magida<br />

resi is iqneba, rom devnilebs<br />

Sin dabrunebis imedi ar movuklaT,<br />

maTi 90%-isTvis es aris<br />

yvelaze mTavari. yvela gaWirvebas<br />

Sin dabrunebis imediT<br />

umklavdebian.<br />

lado arqania, afxazeTis<br />

ministrTa sabWo: nu dagvaviwydeba,<br />

rom afxazeTidan devnilebi<br />

saqarTvelos moqalaqeebi arian<br />

da isini imave uflebebiT unda<br />

sargeblobdnen, ra uflebebi-<br />

Tac saqarTvelos sxva moqalaqeebi<br />

sargebloben. ra Tqma unda,<br />

problema uTvalavia _ sabinaoc,<br />

sayofacxovreboc, socialuri<br />

integraciac problemaa maTvis,<br />

dasaqmebac... magram ver vityvi,<br />

rom Cems Tbilisel an quTaisel<br />

megobrebs odesme egrZnobinebinoT,<br />

Sen devnili xar da amitom<br />

arasrulfasovani moqalaqe<br />

xaro.<br />

koba Cofliani: ra saqmianobas<br />

eweva saxelmwifo<br />

da konkretulad<br />

Tqveni uwyebebi devni-<br />

malxaz pataraia<br />

lebTan mimarTebaSi,<br />

maTi sabinao, sayofacxovrebo<br />

da socialuri<br />

mdgomareobis gaumjobesebis<br />

mizniT?<br />

SoTa molaSxia: CvenTvis am<br />

problemebis gadawyvetis dros<br />

ar arsebobs wvrilmani sakiTxi,<br />

vinaidan tragikuli bedis adamianebTan<br />

gvaqvs saqme; amitom<br />

yvelaferi Zalian mniSvnelovania,<br />

rac maT amJamindel yofas<br />

Seexeba. gvindoda gagvemartivebina<br />

registraciis, pasportizaciis,<br />

axalSobilTa sabuTebis<br />

gaformebis procesebi. magali-<br />

Tad, rodesac galSi daibadeboda<br />

bavSvi, misi dabadebis<br />

mowmobis asaRebad garkveuli<br />

barierebis gadalaxva iyo saWiro.<br />

iusticiis saministros<br />

mxardaWeriT saamiso procedurebi<br />

gamartivda. an kidev: am<br />

xnis ganmavlobaSi galis skolebis<br />

pedagogTa xelfasi ar<br />

gaicemoda; wels es Tanxa ukve<br />

biujetSi zis da xelfasic gaizrdeba.<br />

esec Cveni monawileobiT<br />

gakeTda. Tavidanve Zalis-<br />

18<br />

xmeva iqiT mivmarTeT, rom saerTaSoriso<br />

sasamarTloebis<br />

gamoyenebis meqanizmi agvemoqmedebina,<br />

raTa devnilebs egr-<br />

ZnoT, rom saxelmwifo gverdiT<br />

udgaT. erTi mimarTuleba Cveni<br />

moRvaweobisa, kerZod, debulebis<br />

SemuSaveba qonebrivi zaralis<br />

Sesaxeb, saxelmwifo politikis<br />

sakiTxad iqca. Tqven<br />

iciT, Seiqmna prezidentis programa<br />

`Cemi saxli~. devnilebis<br />

sayofacxovrebo problemebis<br />

mosagvareblad aseTi ram gadavwyviteT:<br />

1600-mde dasaxleba<br />

arsebobs, sadac devnilebis<br />

45% cxovrobs. gamovyaviT<br />

sxvadasxva mimarTuleba. unda<br />

garkveuliyo, am kompaqturi<br />

Casaxlebebis privatizacia raime<br />

pirobaTa daTqmiT moxda<br />

Tu daTqmis gareSe; Tu daTqmiT<br />

moxda, maSin sruldeba Tu<br />

ara daTqmis pirobebi devnilebTan<br />

mimarTebiT; xolo Tu<br />

daTqmis gareSe moxda da es<br />

kanondarRvevaa, SesaZlebelia<br />

Tu ara am saqmis gamosworeba.<br />

aris saxlebi, arc erT struqturas<br />

rom ar ekuTvnis. gvinda<br />

es saxlebi SeviswavloT da, Tu<br />

marTla aravis balansze ar zis,<br />

moxdes maTi privatizacia da<br />

isini devnilebs gadaeces. vfiqrobT,<br />

seqtembrisaTvis sruli<br />

monacemebi gveqneba amis Taobaze<br />

da devnilebis 45% ecodineba,<br />

ra perspeqtiva eliT am<br />

mxriv.<br />

malxaz pataraia: axla ras vxedavT:<br />

xelisuflebis erTi nawili<br />

_ Tqven, saxalxo damcveli,<br />

ltolvilTa da gansaxlebis<br />

saministro _ erTs akeTebs,<br />

meore nawili _ ekonomikis<br />

saministro, Sss _ sxvas.<br />

valeri kopaleiSvili: gasworda<br />

is brZaneba (igulisxmeba<br />

Sss ministris brZaneba, romlis<br />

ZaliTac gamartivebulad xdeboda<br />

devnilebis gamosaxleba).

malxaz pataraia: brZaneba gasworda!<br />

ese igi, aRmoCnda, rom<br />

is ukanono yofila da isini,<br />

vinc am brZanebis safuZvelze<br />

gamoasaxla xalxi, sisxlis samarTlebrivi<br />

wesiT unda daisajon.<br />

kanondarRveva aSkaraa _<br />

arsebobda normatiuli aqti,<br />

romelic iusticiis saministros<br />

reestrSi ar iyo registrirebuli,<br />

anu ZalaSi ar iyo Sesuli<br />

da am aqtis safuZvelze gamoasaxles<br />

devnilebi binebidan.<br />

giorgi TavaZe: SarSan ltolvilTa<br />

da gansaxlebis saministrom<br />

Tavisi resursebiT da<br />

saerTaSoriso organizaciebis<br />

TanadafinansebiT 60 kompaqturad<br />

Casaxlebuli obieqtis<br />

reabilitacia moaxdina. Tavis<br />

qebaSi nu CamomarTmevT, magram<br />

policiasTan urTierTobis Zalian<br />

kargi forma movnaxeT, da<br />

policiamac angariSi gagviwia _<br />

arc Cven gvinda am xalxis codvaSi<br />

CavdgeT da mogveciT rame<br />

xelCasaWidi, rom gamosaxleba<br />

Tavidan avaciloTo. praqtikulad<br />

30-35 gamosaxleba SevaCereT.<br />

didi Semoteva iyo policiis<br />

mxridan _ iZulebulni iyvnen,<br />

ase moqceuliyvnen, radgan<br />

reagireba unda moexdinaT e.w.<br />

muxianis `araSendasTan~ dakav-<br />

SirebiT. SarSan devnilTa departamentSi<br />

28000 werili Semovida.<br />

departamentSi devnilTa<br />

sakiTxebze 25 kaci muSaobs. xom<br />

warmogidgeniaT, ra Sroma uwevs<br />

TiToeuls! pirdapir getyviT,<br />

daufaravad: yvelafers fizikurad<br />

ver vwvdebiT. erT Tanam-<br />

Sromelze weliwadSi 1000 meti<br />

werili modis da yvelaze reagirebaa<br />

saWiro! amas emateba<br />

ramdenime aTasi uwyebrivi sa-<br />

Suamavlo werili. axla ekonomikis<br />

saministros rac Seexeba:<br />

gasuli wlis ganmavlobaSi iq<br />

7-8 werili mainc gavgzavne ltolvilebiT<br />

dasaxlebuli obieqtebis<br />

CamonaTvaliTa da TxovniT,<br />

rom aseTi obieqtebis auqcionis<br />

an konkursis wesiT gayidva<br />

CvenTan SeuTanxmeblad ar momxdariyo,<br />

vinaidan ramdenjerme,<br />

roca amgvari ram uCvenod gaakeTes,<br />

es cudad Semoubrunda<br />

saxelmwifosac da am xalxsac.<br />

igive iTqmis 2005 wels gayiduli<br />

sastumro `quTaisis~ gamoc:<br />

ver iqna miRebuli gadawyvetileba<br />

imitom, rom privatizacia<br />

xarvezebiT Catarda.<br />

valeri kopaleiSvili: Cven<br />

gvinda mTavrobam ekonomikis<br />

saministros kompaqturi Casaxlebis<br />

obieqtebis kategorizacia<br />

daavalos. anu unda gairkves,<br />

romeli maTgani ekuTvnis<br />

saxelmwifos, romeli maTgani<br />

aris strategiuli daniSnulebisa<br />

da SesaZlebelia Tu ara<br />

maTi privatizeba devnilebis<br />

mier. ori Tvea amaze vmuSaobT,<br />

samoqmedo gegma albaT male<br />

dasruldeba, agvistoSi waredgineba<br />

mTavrobas dasamtkiceblad.<br />

es iqneba mTavrobis samoqmedo<br />

programa, Sesasruleblad<br />

valeri kopaleiSvili<br />

19<br />

savaldebulo. axla vikiTxoT,<br />

ras akeTebs ltolvilTa da<br />

gansaxlebis saministro? ra<br />

unda gaakeTos? registracias<br />

atarebs, daxmarebas gascems,<br />

magram mas ar SeuZlia sacxovrebeli<br />

adgili gamouZebnos<br />

ltolvil ojaxs, sadme daasaxlos<br />

is, arc adamianuri da arc<br />

finansuri resursi mas saamisod<br />

ar moepoveba. sxvaTa Soris,<br />

isic unda iTqvas, rom yvelafris<br />

saministroebis doneze gadawyveta<br />

arc aris mizanSewonili,<br />

saWiroa adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis<br />

CarTva am saqmeSi.<br />

lado arqania: Cven devnilTa<br />

arc erT gancxadebas ganuxilavad<br />

da upasuxod ar vtovebT.<br />

afxazeTis mTavrobis biujeti<br />

mcirea. amiT koleqtiur centrebSi<br />

patara wyalgayvanilobebis<br />

mowyobas vaxerxebT. gvaqvs<br />

urTierToba sxvadasxva saer-<br />

TaSoriso arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan<br />

da SeZlebisdagvarad<br />

vexmarebiT maT.<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

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Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

N5(14)'07<br />

mrgvali magida<br />

malxaz pataraia: aseTi sura-<br />

Tia: raRac segmenti amuSavda,<br />

raRac segmenti isev Zveleburad<br />

umoqmedoa. samwuxaroa,<br />

rom am mxriv ukeTesoba ar Cans<br />

Zalovan uwyebebsa da ekonomikis<br />

saministroSi. ai amonabeWdi<br />

maTi vebgverdidan: aq aRniSnulia<br />

saprivatizaciod gamotanili<br />

obieqtis kreditoruli<br />

davalianeba, debitoruli davalianeba...<br />

yvelaferi weria,<br />

garda imisa, rom iq devnilebi<br />

cxovroben. ar weria, maT mimarT<br />

vin ra valdebulebas kisrulobs.<br />

strategias amuSaveba<br />

da implementacia sWirdeba. kanoni<br />

arsebobs, ager aris mTavrobis<br />

dadgenileba 2005 wlis<br />

12 seqtembrisa, romelic pirdapir<br />

avalebs ekonomikis saministros,<br />

ministr CogovaZes,<br />

rom saqarTvelos ekonomikis<br />

saministrom im Senobebis privatizaciis<br />

dros, romlebSic<br />

kompaqturad Casaxlebuli devnilebi<br />

cxovroben, gaiTvaliswinos<br />

iZulebiT gadaadgilebul<br />

pirTa da devnilTa Sesaxeb<br />

giorgi gvasalia<br />

kanonis me-5 muxlis me-4 punqtiT<br />

devnilTaTvis miniWebuli<br />

saxelmwifo garantiebi da maTi<br />

gamoyvana Senobidan miTiTebuli<br />

normebis sruli dacviT ganxorcieldes.<br />

axal strategiaSi<br />

axali araferi weria. yovel<br />

ministrs xom ver SevZaxebT da<br />

SevaxsenebT, kanonSi ase da ase<br />

giweria da Seasrule-Tqo! obieqtebis<br />

privatizaciis dokumentSi<br />

devnilTaTvis micemul<br />

garantiazec unda eweros rame.<br />

eseni mets ki arafers iTxoven!<br />

roca iq garantiebzea laparaki,<br />

esenic gulmSvidad arian.<br />

viRacam, an saxelmwifom, an<br />

potenciurma myidvelma am xalxs<br />

garantia unda misces.<br />

giorgi TavaZe: es albaT privatizaciis<br />

sammarTvelos gasakeTebelia,<br />

mas evaleba am sakiTxis<br />

mogvareba. Tumca meore uwyebac<br />

aris ekonomikis ganviTarebis<br />

saministroSi _ saxelmwifo<br />

qonebis marTvis sammarTvelo<br />

_ da masac SeuZlia am saqmeSi<br />

wvlilis Setana.<br />

20<br />

koba Cofliani: devnilebisTvis<br />

Sin dabrunebis<br />

Semdeg umTaresi sazrunavi<br />

sayofacxovrebo,<br />

socialuri da sabinao<br />

problemebia. Tqven am<br />

problemebis gadaWris<br />

ra gzas xedavT?<br />

giorgi TavaZe: am situaciaSi<br />

erTaderTi gamosavali es unda<br />

iyos: saqarTvelos ekonomikis<br />

ganviTarebis saministrom mkacrad<br />

unda gansazRvros devnil-<br />

Ta kompaqturi gansaxlebis obieqtTa<br />

konkursiT gayidvis wesi.<br />

valeri kopaleiSvili: ekonomikis<br />

saministros gasarkvevia,<br />

ramdeni adamiani cxovrobs SenobaSi,<br />

ra farTia dakavebuli.<br />

amaze SeTanxmebulni varT, magram<br />

es SeTanxmeba jer normatiul<br />

aqtad ar qceula; unda iqces<br />

rac SeiZleba male. erT ramesac<br />

mivaqcioT yuradReba: vTqvaT,<br />

obieqti gasxvisda, devnilebi<br />

dazaraldnen da saprotesto<br />

aqciebi moawyves, rogorc Sandor<br />

petefis quCaze moxda. vin<br />

dazaralda maSin saboloo jam-<br />

Si? saxelmwifo! mTavroba iZulebuli<br />

gaxda maTTvis farTi<br />

moeZebna da amiT viRac investorma<br />

ixeira.<br />

giorgi TavaZe: diax, gaWirvebiT<br />

gamovZebneT farTi da 25 000 lari<br />

gaviReT misi remontisTvis<br />

biujetidan, remontamde ki<br />

binebi davuqiraveT.<br />

malxaz pataraia: es problema<br />

ver mogvardeba, ar gvaqvs iluzia,<br />

rom saxelmwifos ZaluZs<br />

am problemis gadawyveta, es Zalian<br />

did xarjebTanaa dakavSirebuli.<br />

am problemis gadawyvetas<br />

me devnilebis dabrunebaSi<br />

vxedav. magram unda Seicvalos<br />

maTdami damokidebuleba _ meti<br />

yuradReba, siTbo da mofereba<br />

sWirdeba am xalxs. rogor SeiZleba<br />

binidan gamoasaxlo, radio,

televizia da gazeTi gauuqmo<br />

da quCaSi saprotestod gamoiyvano<br />

es natanji xalxi! devnili,<br />

damerwmuneT, sakmao did xansac<br />

moiTmens im mdgomareobas, ra<br />

mdgomareobaSic amJamad aris,<br />

oRond damokidebuleba, mopyrobis<br />

forma unda Seicvalos<br />

mis mimarT xelisuflebis mxridan.<br />

realisturi unda iyos is<br />

gza, romelsac xelisufleba<br />

usaxavs maT, Torem 15 wlis ganmavlobaSi<br />

mravalgzis gawbilebuli<br />

devnili Tavs aRar moityuebs,<br />

rasac SeiZleba Zalian<br />

seriozuli eqscesebi mohyves.<br />

bolo dros momxdari erT-erTi<br />

gamosaxlebis dros policias<br />

saaRsrulebo furceli Caabares<br />

gamosaxlebis SeCerebis Sesaxeb,<br />

magram devnilebi mainc<br />

gamoasaxles. rogorc xelisufleba<br />

moepyroba devnilebs, iseve<br />

moepyroba maT sazogadoebac.<br />

giorgi TavaZe: sabinao problemis<br />

gadawyveta, batoni malxazisa<br />

ar iyos, arc me mimaCnia<br />

realurad, imitom, rom... aba<br />

warmoidgineT, rogori dasakmayofilebelia<br />

binebiT 300 000<br />

adamiani! ra saxsrebi gvaqvs saamisod?<br />

Tan isic gaiTvaliswineT,<br />

rom arc yvela ZirZveli<br />

Tbiliseli cxovrobs dRes ise,<br />

rogorc mas ekadreba, da esec<br />

xom gamoiwvevs adgilobrivTa<br />

ukmayofilebas. saxelmwifom<br />

did qalaqebSi _ TbilisSi, qu-<br />

TaisSi, zugdidSi, Telavsa da<br />

zogierT sxva qalaqSic _ saamiso<br />

resursi amowura, fizikurad<br />

ar arsebobs Senobebi, sadac<br />

devnilTa Sesaxleba SeiZleba.<br />

koba Cofliani: okupirebul<br />

teritoriebze<br />

devnilebis qonebrivi<br />

uflebebis dasacavad<br />

saxelmwifo ra programebs<br />

axorcilebs?<br />

giorgi TavaZe: mogaxsenebT,<br />

rom saamisod saministro axor-<br />

cielebs programas `Cemi saxli~,<br />

risi umTavresi mizani is aris,<br />

rom momzaddes devnilTa qonebrivi<br />

uflebebis darRvevis<br />

damadasturebeli sabuTebi<br />

strasburgis saerTaSoriso<br />

sasamarTloSi warsadgenad;<br />

meore mizani, rasac es programa<br />

emsaxureba, is gaxlavT, rom,<br />

rodesac es xalxi Sin dabrundeba,<br />

gvecodineba vin sad brundeba.<br />

gvaqvs kompiuterizebuli<br />

geoinJinruli sistemebi da yvela<br />

im adamianis uZravi qoneba,<br />

romelic Tavis monacemebs mogvawvdis,<br />

rukaze iqneba datanili.<br />

momdevno etapia qonebis<br />

registracia sajaro reestrSi.<br />

yvela im saxls, romelic mitacebulia,<br />

wiTlad waewereba:<br />

`okupirebulia~ an `mitacebulia~.<br />

yvela msurvels eqneba SesaZlebloba<br />

internetis meSveobiT<br />

gaecnos am programas da<br />

naxos iq Tavisi saxli.<br />

malxaz pataraia: rac praqtikulad<br />

bevrs arafers niSnavs,<br />

radgan jerjerobiT aq varT.<br />

giorgi TavaZe<br />

21<br />

magram samarTlebrivad es sakuTari<br />

_ da ara marto sakuTari<br />

_ saxelmwifosTvis dakarguli<br />

qonebis dasabruneblad<br />

moTxovnis wardgenis uflebas<br />

iZleva, rac moraluri TvalsazrisiT<br />

Zalian mniSvnelovani<br />

ram aris.<br />

koba Cofliani: is socialuri<br />

daxmarebebi, rasac<br />

devnilebze gascems<br />

saxelmwifo, ramdenad<br />

adekvaturia da ramdenad<br />

aZlevs devnils<br />

gadarCenis da jansaRi<br />

sicocxlis saSualebas?<br />

giorgi TavaZe: gvindoda saamisod<br />

gamoyofili saxsrebi<br />

gazrdiliyo, magram ver mivaRwieT<br />

amas. es Tanxa, ra Tqma unda,<br />

umniSvneloa, Zalian cotaa,<br />

simboluri Tanxaa. magram Tu<br />

adamians imis SesaZlebloba<br />

aqvs, rom es 14 lari yovelTviurad<br />

ki ara, vTqvaT, wlis bolos<br />

erTianad gamoitanos, erT<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

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Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

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Solidarität<br />

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Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

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Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

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Solidarität<br />

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Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

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<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

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Solidarität<br />

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Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

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Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

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Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

N5(14)'07<br />

mrgvali magida<br />

koxta saaxalwlo sufras gaawyobs<br />

amiT.<br />

lado arqania: unda giTxraT,<br />

rom amJamad devnilTa erTi<br />

nawili umuSevaria, maTi dasaqmeba<br />

Wirs, sayofacxovrebo pirobebi<br />

mZime aqvT, isic gaviTvaliswinoT,<br />

rom yvelaferi<br />

dRiTi dRe Zvirdeba. me myavs<br />

devnilebi, romlebic Tvidan<br />

Tvemde am 14 laris Semyure<br />

arian, da ra SeuZliaT am<br />

TanxiT iyidon? vTqvaT, puri,<br />

Cai. es aris da es.<br />

valeri kopaleiSvili: es marto<br />

devnilTa problema rodia. arsebobs<br />

socialuri programa,<br />

romelsac `siRaribis daZlevis<br />

programa~ hqvia da mas saxelmwifo<br />

axorcielebs. devnils SeuZlia<br />

am programaSi miiRos monawileoba,<br />

magram Tu ase moiqca,<br />

maSin daxmarebaze unda Tqvas<br />

uari, anu arCevani unda moaxdinos:<br />

an daxmareba, an programa-<br />

Si monawileoba. imis Tqma minda,<br />

rom saxelmwifos dRes metis<br />

SemoTavazeba ar SeuZlia.<br />

lado arqania<br />

saerTo mdgomareobaa qveyanaSi<br />

am TvalsazrisiT Zalian mZime.<br />

ase rom, devnilTa da mTeli<br />

mosaxleobis problemebi aq<br />

erTmaneTs aris gadajaWvuli.<br />

malxaz pataraia: devnilTa<br />

socialuri daxmareba adamianis<br />

Rirseul cxovrebas rom ver<br />

uzrunvelyofs, es savsebiT<br />

cxadia. es Tanxa `sasursaTo<br />

kalaTis~ RirebulebasTan SedarebiT,<br />

ra Tqma unda, simboluria.<br />

igi imdenive darCa, ramdenic<br />

adre iyo, oRond axla<br />

misi msyidvelobiTunarianoba<br />

bevrad dabalia. me isev devnilebisadmi<br />

damokidebulebis sakiTxs<br />

davubundebi. Tbilisel<br />

pensioners Tu gauzardes pensia<br />

2-3 lariT, im devnils ratom<br />

ar gauzardes, romelic<br />

TbilisSi cxovrobs da Tbilisis<br />

sakrebulos amomrCevelia?<br />

ratom gamorCaT es?<br />

koba Cofliani: Tqven<br />

rogor ggoniaT, ratom<br />

gamorCaT?<br />

22<br />

malxaz pataraia: imitom, rom<br />

amaze aravin fiqrobs. aseTi<br />

faqtebis gamo vambobT, devnilebisadmi,<br />

maTi problemebisadmi<br />

damokidebuleba, midgoma<br />

unda Seicvalos-Tqo. es Zveli<br />

inerciaa. xom Tqva prezidentma,<br />

`Cven davalebuli varT am<br />

xalxis winaSeo~. saxelmwifo<br />

moxele saxelmwifos saxes warmoadgens;<br />

rogor moeqceva is<br />

devnils pasportis aRebis an<br />

devnilis baraTis gamocvlis<br />

dros Tu misi sxva problemebis<br />

mogvarebisas, amis mixedviT<br />

imsjeleben imaze, ra damokidebuleba<br />

aqvs saxelmwifos Tavisi<br />

moqalaqeebis am nawilis mimarT.<br />

amitom, rodesac Tbilisel<br />

pensioners 3 lars umateben,<br />

devnilebi ar unda daiviwyon.<br />

materialurad ver vexmarebiT<br />

da moralurad mainc davexmaroT.<br />

devnilebTan damokidebulebis<br />

sakiTxi rom ufro naTeli<br />

gaxdes, kidev erT faqts<br />

moviyvan; afxazeTis televiziis,<br />

radiosa da internet-gverdis<br />

likvidacias exeba saqme. roca<br />

afxazeTis sainformacio saSualebebs<br />

auqmeb, rogor gindaT<br />

devnili daarwmunoT, rom saxelmwifo<br />

masze zrunavs. is xom xedavs,<br />

rom sanakoevs aqvs televizia,<br />

afxazeTidan devnilebs<br />

ki im televizias uuqmeben, romelic<br />

TviTon Seqmna soxumSi<br />

omis dros! vis uSlida xels<br />

afxazeTis televiziis yovelkvireuli<br />

naxevarsaaTiani gadacemebi?<br />

saxelmwifos uqmnida<br />

es safrTxes? opoziciis rupori<br />

iyo Tu didi xarjebs moiTxovda?<br />

250 000 lari jdeboda<br />

televizia, radio da vebgverdi<br />

erTad weliwadSi. is gazeTi, is<br />

radio-televizia da vebgverdi<br />

Cvens interesebs akmayofilebda.

ezidizmi tradiciul da nacionalur<br />

religiaTa ricxvs miekuTvneba.<br />

am religiis mimdevrebi<br />

ezidebad iwodebian da warmoadgenen<br />

subeTnoss did qur-<br />

Tul eTnikur jgufSi. maTi subeTnosad<br />

Camoyalibeba mravalsaukunovani<br />

devniT aris ganpirobebuli.<br />

sxvadasxva wyaroTa Tanaxmad,<br />

ezidebis ricxvi milions aRwevs.<br />

maTi ZiriTadi nawili Tavis istoriul<br />

samSobloSi _ samxreT<br />

qurTistanSi (mdebareobs erayis<br />

CrdiloeTSi) dohukis midamoebSi,<br />

Seixanis olqsa da Sangalis<br />

mTian raionebSi cxovrobs.<br />

samxreT-dasavleT qurTistan-<br />

Si (siriaSi) ezidebi kompaqturad<br />

yamiSlisa da hasaqas midamoebSi<br />

cxovroben, maTi soflebi<br />

afrinis (alepo) olqSic aris<br />

mimofantuli. CrdiloeT qur-<br />

TistanSi (TurqeTSi) ezidebiT<br />

dasaxlebuli raionebi diarbaqris,<br />

batmanis, mardinis, sertis,<br />

veranSaharis olqebSi mdebareobs.<br />

ezidebi cxovroben somxeTsa da<br />

saqarTveloSic. isini aq vanis<br />

23<br />

religiebi saqarTveloSi<br />

ezidizmi<br />

dimitri firbari<br />

vilaieTidan, baiazidis sanjayis,<br />

surmalis mazrisa da yarsis<br />

olqidan gadmosaxldnen.<br />

maTi aq gadmosaxleba osmale-<br />

Tis imperiis muslimi mosaxleobis<br />

mier ezidebis devnam gamoiwvia.<br />

laliSis taZari erayis qurTistanSi<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

religiebi saqarTveloSi<br />

qurTistanis teritoriaze, adreuli<br />

Sua saukuneebidan moyolebuli<br />

XIX saukunis CaTvliT,<br />

damoukidebeli (ZiriTadad<br />

naxevrad damoukidebeli)<br />

qurTuli samTavroebi arsebobda,<br />

romlebic did gavlenas<br />

axdendnen axlo aRmosavleTSi<br />

mimdinare istoriul procesebze.<br />

XIII_XIV saukuneebSi zogierT<br />

samTavroSi ZiriTadad eziduri<br />

religiis mimdevari qurTebi<br />

cxovrobdnen.<br />

cnobilia, rom qurTuli tomebi<br />

X saukunemde ebrZodnen islamis<br />

gavrcelebas qurTistanSi. Tumca<br />

am procesis SeCereba sxvadasxva<br />

mizezebis gamo ver mo-<br />

axerxes da ukve X saukuneSi<br />

qurTTa nawilma islami miiRo.<br />

qurTi ufliswuli da mematiane<br />

Saraf xan bidlisi (XVI s.) mowmobs,<br />

rom CrdiloeT qurTistanis<br />

didgvarovnebi _ bohtanis,<br />

haqaris, bahdinanis, dasnis<br />

da a.S. mmarTvelebi eziduri<br />

religiis mimdevrebi iyvnen. osmalTa<br />

xalifebis dros ezidebs<br />

da sxva aramuslim mosaxleobas<br />

naklebad devnidnen, vidre<br />

abaselTa baRdadis saxalifo-<br />

Si. abaselebma miznad daisaxes<br />

Zveli religiis mimdevar qur-<br />

TTa gamuslimeba da sadamsjelo<br />

eqspediciebi moawyves maT<br />

winaaRmdeg. am droisaTvis ezid-<br />

24<br />

Ta winaprebi, romlebic dasnebad<br />

moixsenebian, damarcxdnen.<br />

maT dakarges TavianTi wminda<br />

adgilebi, romlebsac muslimebi<br />

da adgilobrivi nestorianelebi<br />

daepatronen.<br />

X I I saukuneSi ezidebma moaxerxes<br />

gaerTianeba Seix adi musafiris<br />

meTaurobiT, romelic<br />

uaRresad ganaTlebuli pirovneba<br />

iyo da siriaSi erT-erT cnobil<br />

RvTismetyvelad iTvleboda.<br />

ezidebma Seix adi RmerTis mogzavnilad<br />

da TavianT mxsnelad<br />

dasaxes da misi mimdevrebi gaxdnen.<br />

Seix adim moaxerxa ezidTa<br />

wminda adgilebis, kerZod, uZvelesi<br />

taZris _ laliSis dabruneba.<br />

mis garSemo mravali moswavle<br />

Seikriba. Seix adi 90 wlis<br />

asakSi gardaicvala da laliS-<br />

Si aris dakrZaluli, sadac yovel<br />

wels mravali ezidi piligrimi<br />

Cadis. cnobilia, rom Seix<br />

adi asketur cxovrebas eweoda<br />

da igi ar iyo daojaxebuli. zogierTi<br />

mkvlevaris azriT, Seix<br />

adim ezidizmSi garkveuli cvlilebebi<br />

Seitana da mas eziduri<br />

religiis reformators uwodeben.<br />

Seix adis Semdeg ezidTa devna<br />

isev ganaxlda, ramac ezidebis<br />

raodenobis Semcireba gamoiwvia.<br />

sayuradReboa, rom ezidebs<br />

arabebis, Turqebisa da sparselebis<br />

garda TviT axlad gamuslimebuli<br />

qurTebic aviwrovebdnen.<br />

ezidizmis warmomavloba<br />

ezidizmis warmomavlobisa da<br />

Camoyalibebis Sesaxeb jer kidev<br />

ar arsebobs erTiani azri<br />

mecnierebs Soris. erTmniSvnelovania<br />

is, rom es erT-erTi<br />

Zveli aRmosavluri religiaa,

omlis fesvebi SuamdinareTis<br />

uZveles kultebTan kavSirs<br />

amJRavnebs. es religia erTba-<br />

Sad ar Camoyalibebula da mravali<br />

saukunis ganmavlobaSi<br />

sakuTriv qurTul sivrceSi uZvelesi<br />

xalxuri warmodgenebis<br />

safuZvelze viTardeboda. rogorc<br />

Cans, Tavdapirvelad ezid-<br />

Ta winaprebi mzes, mTvaresa da<br />

varskvlavebs, agreTve oTx<br />

bunebriv stiqias aRmerTebdnen.<br />

maT cecxli, wyali, miwa da<br />

haeri wmindad miaCndaT.<br />

mravali saukunis ganmavlobaSi<br />

ezidizmi viTardeboda da sabolood<br />

monoTeistur religiad<br />

Camoyalibda. ezidebi miiCneven,<br />

rom mxolod erTi RmerTi arsebobs,<br />

romelmac Seqmna samyaro<br />

da mis gareSe araferi xdeba<br />

qveynad. RmerTi _ xude an iazdani<br />

(ezidi) aris yvelgan da is<br />

yvelaferSia, is aris siyvaruli<br />

da sinaTle, romelic sxvadasxvanairad<br />

evlineba adamianebs.<br />

magaliTad, mzis siTbosa<br />

da sxivebSi ezidebi RvTis sinaTles<br />

xedaven da amitom locvisas<br />

mzis mimarTulebiT iyurebian.<br />

ezidebi RmerTs da mis angelozebs<br />

eTayvanebian da miiCneven,<br />

rom angelozebi RvTis nebas<br />

awvdian maT. angelozebs saTaveSi<br />

malaq tavusi udgas, romelic<br />

RmerTis nebiT marTavs<br />

samyaros 1 .<br />

mkvlevarTa umravlesoba ezidizmsa<br />

da zoroastrizms Soris<br />

bevr saerTo elements xedavs,<br />

Tumca, unda iTqvas, rom es ori<br />

religia fundamenturad gansxvavdeba<br />

erTmaneTisgan. saqme<br />

is aris, rom ezidizmi Zveli<br />

ariuli da mesopotamiuri war-<br />

modgenebis bazaze Seiqmna. ezidizmis<br />

Tanaxmad, RmerTi erTia<br />

da is yovlisSemZlea. keTilic<br />

da borotic, bnelic da naTelic,<br />

dReca da Ramec da a.S. misi<br />

nebiT arsebobs. ezidebis<br />

rwmeniT, yvelaferi RvTis nebiT<br />

xdeba da ar SeiZleba siborotis<br />

RmerTi an RvTaeba arsebobdes,<br />

romelic sikeTis RmerTs<br />

win aRudgeba. RmerTma es samyaro<br />

mravalferovani Seqmna,<br />

raTa adamians SeeZlos kargisa<br />

da cudis erTmaneTisgan gar-<br />

Ceva. es uZvelesi warmodgenebi<br />

miTraizmSi, zurvanizmSi da<br />

Semdeg ezidizmSi gadaizarda,<br />

rac ewinaaRmdegeba zoroastrizms.<br />

zaratuStra (zoroastri)<br />

qadagebda, rom arsebobs<br />

naTeli RvTaeba axura mazda da<br />

bneli RvTaeba anxra maniu, romlebic<br />

erTmaneTs ebrZvian. cnobilia<br />

rom zoroastri winapar-<br />

Ta Zvel religias daupirispirda<br />

da iranis samxreTiT gadaixvewa.<br />

aqedan gamomdinare,<br />

ezidizmsa da zoroastrizms<br />

mravali saerTo da urTierTsawinaaRmdego<br />

elementi moepovebaT.<br />

islamur xanaSi, rodesac maT<br />

sastikad sdevnidnen, ezidebma<br />

mainc moaxerxes TavianTi religiis<br />

SenarCuneba. rogorc<br />

zemoT aRvniSneT, X I I saukuneSi<br />

Seix adim moaxerxa ezidTa gaerTianeba,<br />

xolo misma mimdevrebma<br />

eziduri sazogadoebis<br />

reformireba moaxdines da<br />

iseTi sistema Seqmnes, romelic<br />

sxvadasxva regionebSi dasaxlebul<br />

ezidebs erTmaneTTan<br />

daakavSirebda 2 .<br />

Seix adi cnobili sufiebis Tanamoazre<br />

iyo, ramac gavlena<br />

moaxdina mis mimdevrebze. ezi-<br />

25<br />

debi sufiebSi TavianT mokavSireebs<br />

xedavdnen maTdami mtrulad<br />

ganwyobil orTodoqsi<br />

muslimebis winaaRmdeg.<br />

eziduri sazogadoebis<br />

struqtura<br />

ezidebi religiur sazogadoebas<br />

warmoadgenen da ezidis yoveldRiuri<br />

cxovreba religiasTan<br />

aris dakavSirebuli. upirveles<br />

yovlisa, ezidebs ekrZalebaT<br />

sxva sarwmunoebis adamianTan<br />

erTad ojaxis Seqmna. eziduri<br />

religiis Tanaxmad, ezidi dedi-<br />

Tac da mamiTac ezidi unda<br />

iyos.<br />

ezidebi sam Stod (`kastad~)<br />

iyofian: Seixebi, firebi da muridebi<br />

3 . indurisgan gansxvavebiT,<br />

eziduri `kastebi~ religiis<br />

winaSe Tanasworni arian.<br />

aq ar moqmedebs socialur-ekonomikuri<br />

principi da urTier-<br />

Toba mxolod sulier kavSirebzea<br />

agebuli.<br />

Seixebi da firebi sasuliero<br />

fenas warmoadgenen, xolo muridebis<br />

ZiriTadi masa eriskacebs<br />

miekuTvneba. erTi kastidan<br />

meoreSi gadasvla SeuZlebelia.<br />

muridebisaTvis, romlebic<br />

Rrmad religiur cxovrebas ewevian,<br />

arsebobs sxvadasxva religiuri<br />

wodebebi: xlmatqar, yavlbeJ,<br />

qoCak, fayir, yaval da a.S.<br />

eziduri religiis Tanaxmad<br />

yoveli ezidi Tavisi Seixis da<br />

firis muridia anu maTi mimdevaria.<br />

es agreTve Seixebsa da<br />

firebzec vrceldeba, rac imas<br />

gulisxmobs, rom isinic TavianTi<br />

Seixisa da firis muridebi<br />

arian. ubralo muridebisagan<br />

1 angelozTa simbolod ezidizmSi farSevangi iTvleba, romlis spilenZis gamosaxuleba ezidTa religiuri simboloa.<br />

2 Seix adi wminda triadaSi Sedis (malaq tavusi, ezidi, Seix adi) da is mTavar angelozis gamovlenad iTvleba.<br />

3 muridi mimdevars niSnavs .<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

religiebi saqarTveloSi<br />

gansxvavebiT, maT kidev TavianTi<br />

muridebi hyavT. religiis<br />

Tanaxmad am sami Stos warmomadgenelTa<br />

Soris qorwineba<br />

ikrZaleba, vinaidan maT mxolod<br />

sulieri kavSiri unda<br />

hqondeT erTmaneTTan. maT<br />

Soris qorwineba disa da Zmis<br />

erTmaneTze qorwinebis tolfasia<br />

(es SeiZleba SevadaroT<br />

naTel-mironobiT dakavSirebul<br />

adamianebs Soris qorwinebis<br />

akrZalvas qristianobaSi).<br />

Seixebi sam Stos qmnian: adani,<br />

yaTani da Samsani, da esenic<br />

Tavis mxriv kidev mraval gvarebad<br />

iyofian. am sami Stos<br />

warmomadgenelTa Sorisac<br />

ikrZaleba qorwineba.<br />

firebi mraval gvarebad iyofian:<br />

fir hasnmamani, fir mahmaraSani,<br />

fir isebia, fir bari,<br />

fir mamSvani, fir omarxali,<br />

fir xani da a.S. firebis zogierT<br />

gvarTa Soris qorwineba ar<br />

aris nebadarTuli, vinaidan<br />

zog maTgans mxolod sulieri<br />

kavSiri aqvT erTmaneTTan.<br />

ezidTa ZiriTadi nawili muridebi<br />

arian da isinic mraval<br />

tomad da gvarad iyofian. muridebs<br />

miekuTvnebian aseve yavalebi<br />

da fayirebisa da qoCakebis<br />

mniSvnelovani nawili. yavalebi<br />

eziduri religiis mqadageblebi<br />

arian, romlebsac weliwadSi<br />

erTxel eziduri soflebis<br />

Semovla da maTTvis wminda<br />

teqstebis axsna ekisrebaT.<br />

fayirebi naxevradasketur<br />

cxovrebas ewevian da mistikosebs<br />

miekuTvnebian. fayiri, muridebis<br />

garda, SeiZleba zogierTi<br />

Seixi da firic iyos.<br />

qoCakebi morwmune ezidebi arian<br />

da iTvleba, rom isini ezidebs<br />

angelozTa da wmindanTa<br />

nebas awvdian wminda teqstebis<br />

saSualebiT.<br />

26<br />

iezidTa ojaxi<br />

sasuliero kreba<br />

ezidebs marTavs ezidTa sasuliero<br />

kreba, sadac sxvdasxva<br />

Tanamdeboba arsebobs. sasuliero<br />

krebis mosawvevi adgili<br />

SeixanSia (erayis qurTistani).<br />

Seixani da baadri ezidTa sam-<br />

Tavros administraciuli centrebi<br />

iyo. jer kidev me-XX s.<br />

dasasaruls osmaleTis sulTani<br />

ezidTa amiras (mirs) msoflios<br />

ezidTa meTaurad aRiarebda.<br />

ezidebs saTaveSi miri (amira)<br />

udgas. vinaidan ezidebi religiur<br />

sazogadoebas warmoadgenen,<br />

miri rogorc religiuri,<br />

aseve saero meTauric aris. mas<br />

ezidTa da maTi wminda adgilebis<br />

dacva evaleba.<br />

ezidTa sulieri mama aris axtiare<br />

margehe (margahs uxucesi) 4 .<br />

isini ZiriTadad SeixTa faxradinis<br />

(Samsanis) gvaridan irCevian<br />

da maTi meore wodebaa bave<br />

Sex, rac SeixTa mamas niSnavs.<br />

sasuliero krebaSi aseve Sedian:<br />

bave gavani, peSimami, bave CaviSi,<br />

yavalTa meTauri, fayirebi da<br />

sxva mRvdelTmsaxurebi.<br />

ezidTa sasuliero kreba (`divana<br />

din~ an `jvata ruhani~) Tavis<br />

gadawyvetilebas yavalebis<br />

meSveobiT avrcelebs ezidebs<br />

Soris. sasuliero krebis nebas<br />

farSevangis spilenZis gamosaxuleba<br />

adasturebs, romelsac<br />

yavalebi weliwadSi erTxel<br />

ezidTa soflebSi atareben<br />

wminda teqstebis galobis<br />

TanxlebiT.<br />

wminda teqstebi<br />

ezidTa religia wminda religiur<br />

teqstebs _ yavlebs (sityva)<br />

anu RvTaebriv mecnierebas<br />

efuZneba, romelTa avtoriteti<br />

uryevia morwmune ezidisaTvis.<br />

4 margah _ im adgils hkvia sadac<br />

ezidTa mTavari taZari mdebareobs.

ezidTa msoflmxedveloba, kosmogonia,<br />

mcnebebi, zneobrivi<br />

kodeqsi, istoria da sxv. am teqstebis<br />

meSveobiT aris warmodgenili.<br />

es teqstebi ZiriTadad<br />

zepirad gadaecemoda momdevno<br />

Taobas mcodne-ostatebisagan.<br />

Tumca irkveva, rom isini werilobiTi<br />

formiTac arsebobdnen,<br />

magram ezidebze xangrZlivi<br />

Tavdasxmebis Semdeg xelnawerebi<br />

ganadgurda da zepirad<br />

gadmocema tradiciad iqca. am<br />

teqstebs araerTi avtori hyavs,<br />

romelebic ezidTa wmindanebi<br />

arian. magaliTad, darveS yaTani,<br />

Seix faxri, fir raSe hairani,<br />

pese jami, hasad Tauri da<br />

a.S. eseni ZiriTadad Seix adis<br />

moswavleebi arian, romlebmac<br />

mdidari poeturi xasiaTis religiuri<br />

literatura Seqmnes,<br />

sadac Seix adis da sxva wmindanTa<br />

cxovreba aris aRwerili.<br />

maT agreTve uZvelesi teqstebis<br />

redaqtireba moaxdines,<br />

raTa xalxisTvis gasagebi gaexadaT<br />

isini. eziduri teqstebi<br />

ZiriTadad qurTulad (kurmanji)<br />

aris Seqmnili.<br />

ezidTa wminda teqstebi uZveles<br />

informacias gvawvdian qurTi<br />

xalxisa da saerTod Zveli mesopotamiis<br />

mosaxleobis religiur<br />

warmodgenebze.<br />

garda yavlebisa arsebobda ori<br />

cnobili wigni _ `mashafa raS~<br />

da `qeTeba jelva~ (`Savi wigni~<br />

da `gamocxadebis wigni~), romelTa<br />

dednebi dakargulia da<br />

Cvenamde mxolod maTma fragmentebma<br />

moaRwia. ezidTa sasuliero<br />

pirebi maT ar aRiareben,<br />

vinaidan miaCniaT, rom es fragmentebi<br />

ar SeiZleba iyos sando.<br />

cnobilia, rom es wignebi gansakuTrebuli<br />

eziduri anbaniT<br />

qurTul enaze iyo Sesrulebuli.<br />

arsebobs agreTve arabul<br />

enaze tyavze dawerili wignebi<br />

`mSur~, romlebSic wmindanTa<br />

cxovreba da maTi xalxTan urTierToba<br />

aris aRwerili. es xelnawerebi<br />

ezidTa sasuliero gvarebis<br />

warmomadgenlebs firebs<br />

ekuTvnis da dRemde maT ojaxebSi<br />

inaxeba. zemoT naxsenebi<br />

wignebi XII saukuniT TariRdeba.<br />

maSasademe ezidizmis ZiriTad<br />

wyaros yavlebi warmoadgenen,<br />

sadac naTqvamia, rom ezidma<br />

mxolod sikeTe unda daTesos<br />

Tavisi xanmokle cxovrebis<br />

ganmavlobaSi. ezidizmSi, rogorc<br />

sxva religiebSi, ZiriTadi<br />

mcnebebia ara kac kla, ar<br />

imruSo, ar icruo da a.S.<br />

Tu naxe vinme<br />

da sikeTe gaakeTe<br />

nu hkiTxav ra rjulis xar<br />

Tu gaakeTe sikeTe<br />

wyals gaatane igi<br />

da ar daikargeba is RmerTTan<br />

(ezidTa wminda teqstidan)<br />

erT-erTi mcneba is aris, rom<br />

ezidma yvela gaWirvebul adamians,<br />

misi rjulisa da aRmsareblobis<br />

miuxedavad, daxmarebis<br />

xeli unda gauwodos.<br />

ezidebi saqarTveloSi<br />

ezidTa urTierToba samxreT<br />

kavkasiasTan gacilebiT ufro<br />

adrindelia, vidre zogierTi<br />

mkvlevari varaudobda. cnobilia,<br />

rom mravali qurTuli tomi<br />

saxlobda kavkasiaSi da gamoricxuli<br />

ar aris, rom maTSi<br />

ezidebic yofiliyvnen.<br />

magaliTad, arqivSi daculi istoriuli<br />

dokumentebi amtkiceben<br />

qarTul-ezidur Tbil<br />

urTierTobebs. cnobili faqtia,<br />

rom qarTl-kaxeTis mefes<br />

erekle I I -s miwer-mowera hqonda<br />

ezid didebulTan Coban aRasTan,<br />

27<br />

romelTan erTadac osmaleTis<br />

imperiis winaaRmdeg galaSqrebas<br />

apirebda, rac sabolood<br />

sxvadasxva mizezebis gamo ver<br />

ganxorcielda.<br />

garda amisa, ezidebi odiTganve<br />

vanis vilaieTidan, surmalidan<br />

da baiazeTidan samuSaod da<br />

savaWrod Camodian TbilisSi.<br />

ezidTa pirveli nakadi ruseTis<br />

imperiaSi XIX saukunis 20-ian<br />

wlebSi, ruseT-TurqeTis omis<br />

dros gamoCnda. saqarTveloSi<br />

ezidebis ZiriTadi masa 1918<br />

wlidan iwyebs Semosvlas, rodesac<br />

osmaleTis imperiaSi eziduri<br />

religiis mimdevar qur-<br />

Tebs sdevnian. ezidebi iZulebulni<br />

iyvnen TavianTi sacxovrebeli<br />

adgilebi mietovebinaT,<br />

radgan maT winaaRmdeg religiuri<br />

devna daiwyes osmalTa<br />

imperiis muslimebma, maT Soris<br />

muslimma qurTebmac.<br />

ezidebi ZiriTadad Tbilisis<br />

Zvel ubnebSi dasaxldnen: sololakSi,<br />

veraze, zemelze, didubeSi,<br />

meidanze, voroncovze<br />

da a.S. Tbilisis garda ezidebis<br />

ramdenime komli dasaxlda kaxeTSi<br />

(TelavSi, wnorSi, yvarel-<br />

Si), TianeTSi (erwoSi, sionSi),<br />

ozurgeTSi (nasakiralSi,<br />

gurianTaSi) da baTumSi.<br />

sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg,<br />

rodesac sazRvrebis gadalaxva<br />

gamartivda, ezidebs TavianTi<br />

wminda adgilebis, ker-<br />

Zod laliSis (erayis qurTistani)<br />

monaxulebis saSualeba<br />

miecaT. Tumca, amis miuxedavad,<br />

saqarTvelos ezidTa ZiriTad<br />

nawils mainc ver miuwvdeba xeli<br />

TavianT taZramde. dReisaTvis<br />

ezidebs saqarTveloSi sakulto<br />

nageboba ar gaaCniaT da<br />

isini iZulebulni arian locva<br />

da sxva religiuri dResaswaulebi<br />

ojaxebSi Seasrulon.<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

religiebi saqarTveloSi<br />

kalvinizmi<br />

saqarTveloSi<br />

moamzada daviT TinikaSvilma<br />

kalvinizmi _ es aris protestantizmis<br />

erT-erTi mimarTuleba,<br />

romelic Camoyalibebul<br />

iqna frangi Teologisa da mqadagebelis<br />

Jan kovenis (laTinizirebuli<br />

formiT _ kalvinus) mier.<br />

kalvinistTa saerTo raodenoba<br />

dResdReobiT 35 milionia.<br />

aRniSnuli mimarTuleba warmoiSva<br />

1530-ian wlebSi, qalaq JenevaSi.<br />

kalvinizms aRiarebs Sveicariisa<br />

da holandiis mosaxleobis<br />

umravlesoba. aseve kalvinizmi<br />

sakmaod aris gavrcelebuli<br />

safrangeTSi, did britaneTSi,<br />

aSS-Si, kanadaSi, avstraliasa<br />

da samxreT koreaSi.<br />

kalvinizmSi arsebobs ramdenime<br />

mimarTuleba, romelTa Sorisac<br />

yvelaze ufro mniSvnelovani<br />

morwmuneTa raodenobis mixedviT<br />

reformatoruli da presviterianuli<br />

eklesiebia.<br />

Tuki martin luTerma me-16 saukuneSi<br />

protestantuli reformacia<br />

daiwyo principiT,<br />

romlis mixedviTac eklesiaSi<br />

unda gauqmebuliyo yovelive<br />

28<br />

is, rac ewinaaRmdegeboda biblias,<br />

frangi iuristi, Jan<br />

kalvini ufro Sors wavida _<br />

man eklesiaSi gaauqma yovelive<br />

is, rasac ar iTxovda biblia.<br />

amitom kalvinis mixedviT, eklesiis<br />

reformacia xasiaTdeboda<br />

racionalizmisaken midrekilebiTa<br />

da nawilobriv<br />

misticizmisadmi undoblobiT.<br />

kalvinizmis centraluri doqtrina,<br />

romlidanac racionalurad<br />

gamomdinareobs yvela<br />

sxva, aris RmerTis suvereniteti,<br />

anu RmerTis uzenaesi Zalaufleba<br />

yvelaferSi. amgvari<br />

swavleba warmoadgens kalvinizmis<br />

ZiriTad ganmasxvavebel<br />

niSans sxva qristianuli eklesiebisgan<br />

(aseve kalvinizmis-<br />

Tvis niSandoblivia swavleba<br />

winaswargansazRvrulobis<br />

Sesaxeb)~.<br />

reformistebi arian kontinentur<br />

evropaSi warmoSobili<br />

kalvinisturi eklesiebis memkvidreebi,<br />

gansxvavebiT Sotlandiur-inglisurikalvinisturi<br />

eklesiebis memkvidre

ebisgan, romlebic presviterianelebad<br />

iwodebian. me-16 saukunidan<br />

evropul qveynebSi<br />

axali qristianuli eklesiebi,<br />

romlebic reformaciuli moZraobis<br />

Sedegad warmoiSvnen,<br />

tradiciulad reformatorul<br />

an evangelistur eklesiebad<br />

iwodebian.<br />

kalvinisturi eklesiis struqturuli<br />

mowyoba gulisxmobs<br />

avtonomiur kongregaciebs, romlebic<br />

imarTebian Sesabamisi<br />

sabWoebis mier. sabWos wevrebi<br />

arian mrevlis mier arCeuli<br />

pastori, diakoni da erTi uxucesi.<br />

kongregacia sruliad Tavisufalia<br />

saeklesio sakiTxebis<br />

gadaWraSi. luTerisgan gansxvavebiT,<br />

kalvini amtkicebda,<br />

rom saxelmwifo valdebulia<br />

ara mxolod iTanamSromlos<br />

eklesiasTan sazogadoebis mar-<br />

TvaSi, aramed igi aseve unda<br />

daemorCilos eklesiis dadgenilebebs<br />

da amiT aRasrulos<br />

RvTis samarTali.<br />

kalvinis mier warmodgenilma<br />

saero asketizmis eTikurma idealma,<br />

romelic gmobda fufunebisa<br />

da parazitizmis gamovlinebebs,<br />

didi roli Seasrula<br />

kapitalizmis formirebaSi. amas-<br />

Tanave burJuaziuli wyobis<br />

Camoyalibeba, individualizmis<br />

idealebi da sindisis Tavisufleba<br />

sul ufro cxad winaaRmdegobaSi<br />

modioda kalvinis religiur<br />

rigorizmTan. amis gamo<br />

me-17 saukunis dasawyisis inglisSi<br />

kalvinizmTan uTanxmoebisas<br />

warmoSoba daiwyo sxvadasxva<br />

mimdinareobebma (baptistebi,<br />

kvakerebi, meTodistebi<br />

da sxv.), romlebic gadaWriT<br />

gamovidnen rjulSemwynareblobis<br />

ideis dasacavad da saxelmwifosgan<br />

eklesiis sruli<br />

gamoyofa moiTxoves. istoria<br />

gameorda CrdiloeT amerikaSi,<br />

sadac pirveli presviterianel-<br />

kolonizatorebi Seecadnen<br />

Teokratiuli reJimis damyarebas,<br />

ramac aqtiuri winaaRmdegoba<br />

gamoiwvia sxva protestantuli<br />

konfesiebis mxridan. me-20<br />

saukunidan kalvinizmis gavlena<br />

protestantul Teologiaze<br />

SesamCnevad izrdeba.<br />

evangeluri eklesia<br />

`uryevi safuZvli~<br />

kalvinisturi eklesia saqarTveloSi<br />

warmodgenilia eklesiis<br />

`uryevi safuZvlis~ saxiT,<br />

romlis moZRvrebac Seesabameba<br />

reformaciis RvTismetyvelebas.<br />

eklesia saqarTveloSi daarsda<br />

1995 wlis oqtomberSi, qalaq baTum-<br />

Si. eklesias aqtiuri da axlo saeklesio<br />

urTierTobebi aqvs amerikis<br />

da germaniis reformaciul<br />

eklesiebTan. saqarTveloSi, ba-<br />

Tumis garda, aRniSnuli eklesiis<br />

daqvemdebarebaSi myofi<br />

Temebi ikribebian qobuleTSi,<br />

foTSi, ozurgeTSi, lanCxuTSi.<br />

eklesiis ufrosi pastoria varlam<br />

ramiSvili 1994 wels man<br />

saeklesio ordinacia (xeldasxma)<br />

miiRo aSS-Si, oregonis StatSi,<br />

qalaq portlendSi. eklesia<br />

`uryevi safuZveli~ aRiarebs<br />

mmarTvelobis Sereul episkopalur-presviterianul<br />

models<br />

(arsebuli episkopalur, presviterianul<br />

da kongregacionaluri<br />

modelebisa); sxva sityvebiT<br />

rom vTqvaT, Teokratias<br />

eklesiaSi. saeklesio wodebebia:<br />

pastori, presviteri (uxucesi)<br />

da diakoni. msaxurebis<br />

dRea `uflis dRe~, anu kvira<br />

dRe. ZiriTadi saeklesio dResaswaulebia<br />

ieso qristes Soba,<br />

vnebis paraskevi, ieso qristes<br />

aRdgoma (paseqi), ieso qristes<br />

amaRleba, sulTmofenoba (meergasoba)<br />

da reformaciis dRe<br />

(31 oqtomberi).<br />

29<br />

eklesiis RvTismsaxureba Sedgeba<br />

saerTo locvis, saRvTo<br />

werilis kiTxvis, RvTis sityvis<br />

qadagebis, samociqulo mrwamsis<br />

saerTo aRsarebisa da saer-<br />

To sagaloblebisagan.<br />

pastor varlam ramiSvilis azriT,<br />

saxelmwifo mowyoba-mmar-<br />

Tvelobis saukeTeso forma<br />

aris demokratia. misi rwmeniT,<br />

aucilebelia eklesiis gamijvna<br />

da damoukidebloba saero xelisuflebisagan.<br />

aseve „eklesiis<br />

valia xelisufalTa da mTavrobaTa<br />

(xelisufalni RmerTis<br />

mier arian dadgenilni Cvens<br />

sasikeTod) mxardaWera locviT,<br />

amasTan, maTdami morCileba<br />

sindisis gamo~.<br />

eklesias `uryevi safuZveli~<br />

ganxorcielebuli aqvs mravali<br />

humanitaruli aqcia. wlebis<br />

ganmavlobaSi eklesia TanamSromlobs<br />

aSS saerTaSoriso<br />

organizaciasTan `samarielis<br />

qisa~ (“Samaritan’s Purse”:<br />

www.samaritanspurse.org), romelic<br />

axorcielebs saqvelmoqmedo<br />

misias msoflios mraval<br />

qveyanaSi, maT Soris saqarTveloSic.<br />

agreTve eklesiis TanamSromloba<br />

xorcieldeba<br />

sxvadasxva qristianul eklesiasTan,<br />

ebrauli Temis warmomadgenlebTan.<br />

eklesia aqtiur monawileobas<br />

Rebulobs agreTve sxvadasxva<br />

ekumenur SexvedrebSi, romelsac<br />

qalaq baTumSi kaTolikuri<br />

eklesia axorcielebs rogorc<br />

samTavrobo, ise saeklesio doneebze.<br />

aRniSnuli eklesiis<br />

mRvdelmsaxurebs kaTolikur<br />

eklesiis warmomadgenlebTan<br />

erTad Catarebuli aqvT mravali<br />

saerTo-saeklesio msaxureba.<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

eTnosebi saqarTveloSi<br />

mcirericxovani erebi<br />

saqarTveloSi:<br />

avarielebi<br />

mamuka komaxia<br />

CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi, kerZod ki daRestanSi mcxovrebi<br />

eTnikuri jgufebidan saqarTveloSi ZiriTadad cxovroben<br />

avarielebi, lakebi, lezgebi. maT Soris yvelaze<br />

mravalricxovanni avarielebi arian, romlebic kompaqturad<br />

saxloben aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mTianeTSi.<br />

daRestani saqarTvelos Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT<br />

mdebareobs<br />

da misi saxelwodeba Turquliranuli<br />

sityvebisagan Sedgeba:<br />

`daR~ Turqulad mTas niSnavs,<br />

xolo `esTan~ geografiuli<br />

30<br />

dasaxelebis iranuli mawarmoebelia.<br />

es saxelwodeba XIV saukuneSi<br />

Cndeba da sabolood<br />

mkvidrdeba XVI saukunidan. ase<br />

rom, daRestani realurad amar-<br />

Tlebs Tavis saxelwodebas _ igi<br />

`mTebis qveyanaa~; es patara qveyana<br />

didi eTnikuri da enobrivi<br />

mravalferovnebiT gamoirCeva.<br />

daRestanis mosaxleoba 2002 wlis<br />

aRweris monacemebiT 2 576 aTas<br />

adamians Seadgens; isini Ziri-<br />

Tadad kavkasiur, Turqulenovan<br />

da iranulenovan xalxebs<br />

miekuTvnebian. daRestnur eneb-<br />

Si sami umTavresi jgufi gamoiyofa:avariul-andiur-didouri,<br />

lakur-dargouli da lezgiuri.<br />

sul cnobilia 26 daRestnuri<br />

ena. daRestnuri enebi<br />

iberiul-kavkasiur enaTa ojaxs<br />

miukuTvneba.<br />

daRestnur enaze molaparake-<br />

Tagan xuT ZiriTad xalxs gamoyofen:<br />

avarielebs, dargoelebs,<br />

lezgebs, lakebs da Tabasara-

nelebs. TiToeuli dasaxelebuli<br />

xalxis irgvliv koncetrirebulia<br />

SedarebiT mcire eTnikuri<br />

jgufebi, romlebic eniT,<br />

kulturiTa da yofiT SedarebiT<br />

axlos dganan erTmaneTTan.<br />

garda amisa, calke ganixilaven<br />

ruTulebs, aRulebsa da waxebs,<br />

romelTa ena, iseve rogorc<br />

Tabasaranelebisa, lezgiur<br />

enaTa jgufs miekuTvneba.<br />

avarielebi 1 (650 aTasi) daRestanSi<br />

mcxovrebTagan yvelaze<br />

mravalricxovani xalxia.<br />

avariuli ena gulisxmobs sakuTriv<br />

avariuls, andiursa da<br />

didours. avarielebi, andielebi<br />

da didoelebi ZiriTadad<br />

mTiani daRestnis dasavleT nawilSi<br />

cxovroben. XX saukunis<br />

40-iani wlebidan avarielebis<br />

nawili maRalmTiani raionebidan<br />

Camosaxlda barSi, yizlaris,<br />

xasaviurTisa da yiziliurTis<br />

raionebSi. daRestnis garda,<br />

avarielebi cxovroben azerbaijanSi<br />

_ zaqaTalasa da belaqnis<br />

raionebSi. maTi axlo mona-<br />

Tesaveebi arian: andielebi, axvaxelebi,<br />

boTlixelebi, Rodoberielebi,<br />

tindielebi, karatalebi,<br />

Wamalelebi, bagvalebi<br />

(andiuri qvejgufi), didoelebi<br />

anu cezebi, beJitelebi, xvar-<br />

Sielebi, hinuxelebi, hunzibelebi<br />

(didouri qvejgufi).<br />

dargoelebs (356 aTasi) miekuTvnebian<br />

sakuTriv dargoelebi,<br />

xaidayelebi da kubaCelebi. dargoelebis<br />

tradiciuli dasaxlebis<br />

adgili Sua daRestnis mTisa<br />

da mTiswina raionebia, zRvispireTis<br />

zolsa da mdinare Raziyumuxis<br />

auzs Soris. isini avarielebis<br />

Semdeg daRestanSi<br />

sididiT meore eTnikuri jgufia.<br />

lezgebs (262 500) miekuTvnebian<br />

TviTon lezgebi, Tabasaranelebi,<br />

aRulebi, ruTulelebi,<br />

waxebi. lezgebis ZiriTadi sacxovrebeli<br />

adgili daRestnis<br />

samxreT-aRmosavleTi raionia.<br />

lezgiur enaze molaparake xalxTa<br />

jgufs miekuTvnebian agreTve<br />

CrdiloeT azerbaijanSi<br />

mcxovrebi mcirericxovani xalxebi:<br />

udiebi, buduxebi, kriwebi<br />

da xinaluRebi. udiebi cxovroben<br />

saqarTveloSic, yvarlis<br />

raionis sof. zinobianSi.<br />

lakebi (120 aTasi) cxovroben<br />

mTiani daRestnis centralur<br />

nawilSi, Tabasaranelebi (98 aTasi)<br />

ki _ daRestnis samxreT-aRmosavleT<br />

nawilSi. aRulebi (16<br />

500), ruTulebi (17 800) da waxebi<br />

(6 600) cxovroben daRestnis<br />

samxreTSi. ruTulebisa da waxebis<br />

nawili cxovrobs azerbaijanSic:<br />

zaqaTalas, kaxisa da<br />

belaqnis raionebSi.<br />

daRestanSi mosaxle Turqulenovan<br />

mosaxleobas miekuTvnebian<br />

yumuxebi, azerbaijanelebi<br />

da noRaelebi. yumuxebis (278 600)<br />

istoriuli sacxovrebeli adgili<br />

daRestnis kaspiispira dablobi<br />

da misi mimdebare mTiswineTia.<br />

noRaelebi (34 400) tradiciulad<br />

noRais stepebSi cxovroben.<br />

maTi sacxovrebeli adgili<br />

ganawilebulia daRestans,<br />

CeCneTsa da stavropolis mxareebs<br />

Soris. azerbaijanelebi<br />

(91 500) ZiriTadad cxovroben<br />

derbendis, Tabasaranis, ruTulis<br />

da yizlaris raionebSi. da-<br />

Restneli azerbaijanelebis<br />

umetesoba derbendis raionSi<br />

uZvelesi droidan cxovrobs,<br />

nawili ki iranidan gadmosaxlda<br />

XIX saukunis meore naxevarSi.<br />

adgilobriv azerbaijanelebs<br />

daRestanSi `Turqebs~ eZaxdnen,<br />

xolo iranidan gad-mosaxlebulebs<br />

_ `sparselebs~.<br />

TaTebis (14 800) umetesoba derbendis<br />

raionSi cxovrobs. isini<br />

iudaizms aRiareben da amis<br />

gamo maT zogjer mTis ebralebsac<br />

uwodeben. TaTuri ena iranul<br />

enaTa jgufs miekuTvneba<br />

da farsis dialeqts warmoadgens.<br />

TaTebis garda daRestanSi<br />

cxovroben ebraelebic.<br />

31<br />

CeCnebi (108 aTasi) ZiriTadad<br />

cxovroben xasaviurTis, babaiurTisa<br />

da kazbekovis raioneb-<br />

Si. CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi bolo<br />

wlebSi mimdinare cnobili movlenebis<br />

gamo CeCnebis raodenoba<br />

daRestanSi, CeCneTidan<br />

maTi emigraciis xarjze, orjer<br />

gaizarda.<br />

rusebi (120 aTasi) daRestanSi<br />

umetesad qalaqebsa da qalaqis<br />

tipis dasaxlebebSi cxovroben.<br />

gansakuTrebiT didia maTi raodenoba<br />

yizlarSi, mahaCyalasa<br />

da kaspiiskSi. pirveli rusuli<br />

dasaxlebebi daRestanSi XVI-XVI I I<br />

saukuneebSi daarsda. rus axalmosaxleTa<br />

Semdegi didi talRa<br />

XIX saukunis Sua xanebSi da bolos<br />

XX saukunis 30-60-ian wleb-<br />

Si daiZra daRestnisaken. 1990ian<br />

wlebSi CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi<br />

Seqmnili arastabiluri<br />

viTarebis Sedegad daRestani<br />

bevrma rusma datova. rusebis<br />

emigraciis tendenciebi SeiniSneba<br />

CrdiloeT kavkasiis sxva<br />

regionebSic.<br />

Sua saukuneebSi daRestnis teritoria<br />

da mosaxleoba mezobel<br />

xalxTa mier, miuxedavad<br />

eTnikuri mravalferovnebisa,<br />

xSirad erTian warmonaqmnad<br />

aRiqmeboda. magaliTad, qarTvelebma,<br />

daRestnelebis uSualo<br />

mezoblebma, ganazogades<br />

erT-erTi daRestnuri tomis<br />

saxelwodeba da mTel daRestans<br />

`lekeTs~ uwodebdnen,<br />

daRestanSi mcxovreb eTnikur<br />

jgufebs ki `lekebs~. es saxeli<br />

dResac gamoiyeneba daRestanSi<br />

mcxovrebi eTnikuri jgufebis<br />

aRmniSvnel terminad.<br />

saqarTvelosa da daRestnel<br />

xalxebs Soris urTierTobas<br />

xangrZlivi istoria aqvs. jer<br />

kidev qarTlis mefe farnavazi<br />

daRestnel xalxebTan erTad<br />

ibrZoda dampyroblebis winaaRmdeg.<br />

saqarTveloSi qristianobis<br />

gavrcelebis Semdeg ki<br />

daRestanSi qarTveli misione-<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

eTnosebi saqarTveloSi<br />

rebi gamoCndnen. qarTvelebis<br />

mier qristianobis gavrcelebis<br />

mcdelobad unda miviCnioT X-XI<br />

saukuneebSi aSenebuli qristianuli<br />

eklesia sof. daTunSi, avariis<br />

yoisus xeobaSi. eklesias im<br />

periodis qarTul xuroTmoZRvrebasTan<br />

aqvs kavSiri. daRestanSi<br />

aRmoCenilia agreTve qvis<br />

jvrebi orenovani warwerebiT.<br />

qristianobis gavrceleba daRestanSi<br />

savaraudod XIV saukuneSi,<br />

Temur-lengis laSqrobebis<br />

dros, Sewyda, rodesac daRestnis<br />

islamizacia dasrulda.<br />

Semdgom saukuneebSi saqarTvelosa<br />

da daRestans Soris urTierTobebi<br />

garTulda. Sedarebi-<br />

Ti mSvidoba kaxeTis mefis levanis<br />

periodSi SeimCneoda, rodesac<br />

man saqarTvelos teritoriaze,<br />

fifineTSi anu WarSi,<br />

daRestneli xalxebi Camoasaxla.<br />

maTi movaleoba zafxulobiT<br />

mTebidan yinulis Camotana iyo.<br />

X V I I saukunidan imdenad gax-<br />

Sirda Tavdasxmebi saqarTvelos<br />

teritoriaze daRestnis<br />

mxridan, rom am movlenam saqarTveloSi<br />

Tavisi saxelic ki<br />

SeiZina _ `lekianoba~. daRestanidan<br />

saqarTveloSi ganxorcielebul<br />

samxedro eqspediciebs<br />

daRestneli feodalebi xelmZRvanelobdnen.<br />

erT-erTi ase-<br />

Ti molaSqre koxta beladi iyo,<br />

romelmac 1757 da 1759 wlebSi<br />

ilaSqra saqarTveloSi. darbevisa<br />

da gaZarcvis mizniT mowyobilma<br />

am laSqrobebma didi<br />

ziani miayena aRmosavleT saqarTvelos<br />

mosaxleobas. laSqrobebis<br />

dros itacebdnen adamianebsac,<br />

maT Soris iyo poeti<br />

daviT guramiSvili, romelic<br />

sof. lamisyanidan moitaces da<br />

uncuqkulSi waiyvanes. mZime<br />

pirobebSi myofma guramiSvilma<br />

sabolood gaparva moaxerxa da<br />

daRestnis mTebSi xetialis<br />

Semdeg samSvidobos gaaRwia.<br />

daRestneli xalxebi, kerZod ki<br />

avarielebi, saqarTveloSi da-<br />

saxlebas saqarTvelos ruseTis<br />

imperiis SemadgenlobaSi Sesvlis<br />

Semdeg iwyeben. maTi nawili<br />

sof. TivSi XIX saukunis meore<br />

naxevarSi Camosaxlda, nawili<br />

ki _ ufro mogvianebiT, 1957<br />

wels. im periodSi sakavSiro<br />

ministrTa sabWos dadgenilebiT<br />

respublikis ganaTlebis<br />

saministros yvarlis raionSi<br />

Camosaxlebul avarielTa saskolo<br />

asakis bavSvebis swavliT<br />

uzrunvelyofac ki daevala.<br />

ganaTlebis saministrom adgilobriv<br />

xelisuflebasTan er-<br />

Tad Seiswavla saqmis viTareba<br />

da maT sacxovreblad yvarlis<br />

raionis oTxi ubani miuCines. es<br />

ubnebi 4-8 kilometriT iyo<br />

daSorebuli erTmaneTisagan.<br />

Catarebuli aRricxvis Sedegad<br />

dadginda, rom oTxive ubanSi<br />

saskolo asakis 215 bavSvi hyavdaT.<br />

es is kontingentia, romelsac<br />

mSobliur enaze unda eswavla,<br />

xolo ufrosi klasebis<br />

mowafeebs swavla uaxloesi<br />

rusuli skolebis Sesabamis<br />

klasebSi unda ganegrZoT.<br />

CanTlisyuresa da sarusos ubnebSi<br />

dasaxlebul avarielTa<br />

74 bavSvi yvarlis raionis<br />

sofel oqtombrisa da axalsoflis<br />

skolebSi miabares. aRniSnuli<br />

skolebis direqtorebs<br />

miTiTeba miecaT, rom saswrafod<br />

Sedgomodnen bavSvebTan<br />

muSaobas. pedagogebi CamosaxlebulTagan<br />

SearCies. elodebodnen<br />

daRestnidan programebsa<br />

da saxelmZRvaneloebs.<br />

ganaTlebis saministros saswavlo<br />

procesi yvela saWiro saswavlo<br />

inventariT unda uzrunveleyo.<br />

moswavleebi skolebSi<br />

ganaTlebas ZiriTadad rusul<br />

enaze iRebdnen. maTma didma<br />

nawilma qarTuli wera-kiTxva<br />

praqtikulad ar icoda.<br />

saqarTveloSi Camosaxlebis Semdeg<br />

avarielebi mWidro kavSirebs<br />

inarCunebdnen daRestan-<br />

Tan, belaqnisa da zaqaTalis<br />

avarielebTan. yvarlis raionSi<br />

32<br />

macxovrebeli avarielebi Safiituri<br />

mimdinareobis sunitebi<br />

arian. avarielebi asruleben<br />

ziqrs da mevluds. TivSi micvalebulis<br />

dakrZalvidan mTeli<br />

kviris ganmavlobaSi mamakacebis<br />

garkveuli jgufi gadis<br />

axladgardacvlilis saflavze,<br />

asrulebs ziqrs da kiTxulobs<br />

mevluds. danarCen sam sofelSi<br />

ki sasaflaoze sami dRis<br />

ganmavlobaSi daiarebian.<br />

avarielebis religiur cxovrebaSi<br />

didi adgili ukavia wmindaTa<br />

kults. isini ZiriTadad<br />

daRestanSi dadian wminda<br />

adgilebis mosaxilvelad.<br />

avarielebi icaven niqahs (avar.<br />

maxar), mtkiced icaven windacveTis<br />

wesebs, klaven yurbans,<br />

magram amas masobrivi xasiaTi<br />

ara aqvs. 50 wels gadacilebulTa<br />

70-80% dReSi xuTjer<br />

loculobs, inaxavs 30 dRian<br />

marxvas. micvalebulis dakr-<br />

Zalva religiuri wesebis dacviT<br />

xdeba. avarielTa sofleb-<br />

Si moqmedebs meCeTi. am soflebSi<br />

arian molebi. sasaflaoebze<br />

aris qviTkiriT naSenebi<br />

samlocveloebi, romlebic 80ian<br />

wlebSi xelisuflebam daxura,<br />

Tumca aralegalurad<br />

isini mainc funqcionirebdnen.<br />

Crdilokavkasiuri tradiciis<br />

Tanaxmad, asakovani morwmuneebi,<br />

miuridzimis principebidan<br />

gamomdinare, sofelSi arsebuli<br />

yvela mniSvnelovani sakiTxis<br />

gadawyvetaSi monawileoben.<br />

sakmaod aqtiuria sasuliero<br />

wodeba. marTalia meCeTebi araa<br />

registrirebuli da amdenad<br />

isini moxetiale molebad iTvlebian,<br />

magram soflebSi didi<br />

avtoritetiT sargebloben.<br />

1990-ani wlebis damdegs qveyanaSi<br />

ganviTarebuli cnobili<br />

movlenebis Sedegad avarielebis<br />

erTma nawilma istoriul<br />

samSobloSi dabruneba gadawyvita<br />

da saxlebis gayidva da-

iwyo. im periodSi saxelmwifos<br />

mxridan saxlebis Sesyidvaze<br />

daixarja 4372 aTasi maneTi da<br />

maSindelma prefeqtma maTSi<br />

adgilobrivi, ZiriTadad mravalSviliani,<br />

ojaxebi Seasaxla.<br />

avarielTa darCenili ojaxebic<br />

gamoTqvamdnen daRestanSi dabrunebis<br />

survils da TavianTi<br />

saxlebis daCqarebul Sesyidvas<br />

moiTxovdnen. 1991 wels avarielebis<br />

daRestanSi organizebulad<br />

gadasaxlebis sakiTxTa<br />

mosagvareblad Camosuli iyo<br />

delegacia, Seiqmna samTavrobo<br />

komisiac. ruseTis federaciaSi<br />

boris elcinis prezidentobis<br />

periodSi iyo mcdeloba imisa,<br />

rom saqarTvelos mTianeTsa da<br />

daRestanSi mcxovrebi avarielebis<br />

gamyofi saxelmwifo<br />

sazRvari gamWvirvale gaexadaT,<br />

raTa avarielebs istoriul<br />

samSobloSi mimosvla gaadvilebodaT.<br />

im dros sazRvarze<br />

gadasvla gansakuTrebul sir-<br />

TuleebTan ar iyo dakavSirebuli<br />

da avarielebic xSirad<br />

kveTden saxelmwifo sazRvars<br />

Tavisi axloblebisa Tu wminda<br />

adgilebis mosanaxuleblad.<br />

saqarTvelos mosaxleobis 2002<br />

wlis aRweris Sedegebis mixedviT,<br />

saqarTveloSi 1996 avarieli<br />

cxovrobs (1989 wels _ 4230<br />

cxovrobda), 210 laki (1989<br />

wels _ 426), 44 lezgi (1989 wels<br />

_ 720). maTgan mxolod avarielebi<br />

arian kompaqturad dasaxlebulni.<br />

avarielebis absoluturi<br />

umravlesoba yvarlis<br />

raionis soflebSi _ TivSi, Can-<br />

TlisyureSi, sarusosa da TxiliswyaroSi<br />

cxovrobs.<br />

1990-iani wlebis Semdeg Seqmnil<br />

axal viTarebasTan adaptaciis<br />

problema da qveyanaSi mimdinare<br />

procesebisgan sruli izolacia,<br />

avarielebs istoriul samSobloSi<br />

gadasaxlebisken ubiZgebs,<br />

rac uaxloes wlebSi saqarTveloSi<br />

maTi raodenobis kidev<br />

ufro Semcirebas gamoiwvevs.<br />

gamoyenebuli literatura da wyaroebi:<br />

1. guguSvili T. saqarTvelos gare migraciul-demografiuli problemebi<br />

(1990-1998 wlebi), Tbilisi, 1998.<br />

2. sanikiZe g., islami da muslimebi Tanamedrove saqarTveloSi, aRmosavleTdasavleTis<br />

urTierTobaTa kvlevis saerTaSoriso centri, `logosi~,<br />

Tbilisi, 1999.<br />

3. sonRulaSvili a. erovnul umciresobaTa kultura saqarTveloSi,<br />

Tbilisi, `mecniereba~, 2002.<br />

4. xuciSvili n. daRestani, `kavkasiuri saxli~, Tbilisi, 2002.<br />

5. gazeTi 24 saaTi.<br />

6. gazeTi rezonansi.<br />

7. sainformacio saagento interpresniusi, 8 maisi, 2007.<br />

8. saqarTvelos statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti.<br />

9. Íàðîäû Äàãåñòàíà, Èçäàòåëüñòâî Àêàäåìèè Íàóê ÑÑÑÐ, Ìîñêâà, 1995.<br />

10. Bobrovnikov V. Muslim Nationalism in the Post-Soviet Caucasus:<br />

The Dagestan Case, Caucasian Regional Studies, Volume 4, Issue 1, 1999.<br />

11. Khabal.info, 10 May 2007.<br />

12. http://www.dagpravda.ru<br />

13. http://www.kavkaz.memo.ru/<br />

SeniSvnebi:<br />

1 avarias qarTvelebi tradiciulad uwodeben `xunZeTs~. Tanamedrove<br />

qarTul enaTmecnierebaSic `avariis~ da `avariuli enis~ nacvlad<br />

damkvidrebulia `xunZeTi~ da `xunZuri ena~.<br />

33<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

adamianis uflebebi<br />

lustracia<br />

samarTlianobis aqti<br />

Tu adamianis uflebebis<br />

darRvevis axali meTodi?<br />

fridon sayvareliZe<br />

lustracia (laT. lustratio _ ganwmenda<br />

msxverplSewirvis gziT)<br />

_ aRmosavleT evropis rig qveynebSi<br />

sapasuxismgeblo saxelmwifo<br />

Tanamdebobis pirebisa da<br />

kandidatTa Semowmebis gansakuTrebuli<br />

proceduraa, romlis<br />

mizania gamoarkvios warsulSi<br />

am pirebis komunisturi<br />

partiis xelmZRvanelobisadmi<br />

an saxelmwifo uSiSroebis samsaxurisadmi<br />

kuTvnileba an gamoamJRavnos<br />

faqtebi am samsaxurebTan<br />

maTi TanamSromlobis<br />

Sesaxeb. lustracia xorcieldeba<br />

specialuri kanonebis<br />

safuZvelze (maTi umravlesoba<br />

1990-1993 wlebSi miiRes), rogorc<br />

wesi, specialuri organos<br />

mier (magaliTad, ungreTSi<br />

lustracias axorcielebda parlamentis<br />

mier arCeuli komiteti,<br />

romelic sami mosamarTlisgan<br />

Sedgeboda). Tu lustraciis<br />

procesSi dasturdeba tota-<br />

34<br />

litarul reJimTan TanamSromlobis<br />

faqtebi, pirovnebas aqvs<br />

arCevani Tanamdebobis nebayoflobiT<br />

datovebasa (gamomJRavnebuli<br />

faqtebis saidumlod<br />

Senaxvis garantiiT) da Tanamdebobis<br />

iZulebiT datovebas<br />

Soris (makomprometirebeli<br />

informaciis sajaro gamoqveynebiT).<br />

sanam lustraciis istoriasa da<br />

kanonmdeblobaze daviwyebdeT<br />

saubars, xazgasmiT unda aRvniSnoT,<br />

rom lustraciis dadebiTi<br />

da uaryofiTi mxareebis Sedarebisas<br />

dadebiTi gacilebiT<br />

damajerebeli da argumentirebulia.<br />

lustracia upirveles<br />

yovlisa zneobrivi aqtia, misi<br />

mizania moraluri ganwmenda,<br />

moraluri kaTarzisi, gnebavT,<br />

rogorc poloneTSi amboben,<br />

`mentalobis higiena da dezinfeqcia~.

amasTan erTad im faqtsac versad<br />

gaveqceviT, rom lustraciuli<br />

kanonmdebloba ar aris yvelaze<br />

humanuri kanonmdebloba<br />

msoflioSi, rom is xSirad ewinaaRmdegeba<br />

adamianis uflebebsa<br />

da Tavisuflebebs (rac ar<br />

unda vTqvaT, yovel adamians<br />

aqvs ufleba iyos uzneo da usindiso<br />

da es misi problemaa). ai,<br />

sad aris kolizia adamianis uflebebsa<br />

da lustracias Soris.<br />

magram rogor unda daicvas axalgazrda<br />

saxelmwifom adamianis<br />

uflebebi samarTlebrivi, demokratiuli<br />

qveynis aSenebis gare-<br />

Se da rogor unda aaSenos aseTi<br />

qveyana Zveli komunisturi kadrebiT?<br />

amis SeuZlebloba yvela<br />

axladmosul demokratiul xelisuflebas<br />

esmis da cdilobs<br />

ganTavisufldes Zvelisa da<br />

dromoWmulisagan, iseTi adamianebisagan,<br />

romelTac ar SeuZliaT<br />

fexi auwyon axals, vinaidan<br />

mentalurad Zvelze arian<br />

mibmuli. aqedan gamomdinare<br />

cxadi xdeba, rom Tu lustracia<br />

mainca da mainc adamianis<br />

uflebebis damrRvevi borotebaa,<br />

es aris `aucilebeli boroteba~,<br />

`saxadi~, romelic axali<br />

demokratiis yvela qveyanam<br />

unda moixados. gansakuTrebiT<br />

mniSvnelovani da aucilebelia<br />

lustracia im qveynebSi, sadac<br />

problema ara mxolod mentalobaSi<br />

da amis gamo axlis Senebis<br />

SeuZleblobaSia, aramed pirvel<br />

yovlisa imaSi, rom agenturuli<br />

qseli dResac agrZelebs saqmianobas<br />

(gansxvavebiT, magaliTad,<br />

germaniisagan) da asrulebs ucxo<br />

qveynis specsamsaxurebis<br />

davalebebs. marTlac maradiulia<br />

saxarebiseuli sibrZne<br />

axali Rvinis Zvel tikebSi<br />

Casxmis miuReblobis Sesaxeb.<br />

lustracia SeiZleba ganvixiloT<br />

moralur-eTikuri, politikuri,<br />

pragmatuli da samarTlebrivi<br />

TvalsazrisiT. Sesabamisad, xed-<br />

vis kuTxe gansazRvravs lustraciis<br />

Sefasebis xarisxsac _ emociuri<br />

da aRtacebuli damokidebulebidan<br />

dawyebuli mSral da<br />

kritikul damokidebulebamde.<br />

lustraciis momxreebi mis aucileblobas<br />

asabuTeben:<br />

komunisturi saxelmwifoebis<br />

danaSulebrivi da ukanono<br />

xasiaTiT, ris gamoc yovelgvari<br />

nebayoflobiTi TanamSromloba<br />

komunistur saxelmwifo<br />

organoebTan danaSaulis<br />

tolfasia;<br />

`axalgazrda demokratiis monapovrebis<br />

dacvis~ pragmatuli<br />

aucileblobiT;<br />

istoriuli precedentiT _ ker-<br />

Zod im keTilismyofeli zegavleniT,<br />

romelic moaxdina sazogadoebaze<br />

germaniaSi denacifikaciisa<br />

da iaponiaSi demilitarizaciis<br />

omisSemdgomma analogiurma<br />

procesebma.<br />

samarTlis mixedviT lustraciuli<br />

kanonebi warmoadgenen<br />

rTul iuridiul kazuss, radgan:<br />

maT aqvT ukuqmedeba, anu aRiareben<br />

gakicxvis SesaZleblobas im<br />

danaSaulisaTvis, romlebic mi-<br />

Rebuli iyo am kanonebis miRebamde;<br />

aRiareben gakicxvis SesaZleblobas<br />

im qmedebebis gamo, romlebic<br />

TavisTavad ar iTvleba<br />

danaSaulad (magaliTad,<br />

specsamsaxurebSi muSaoba).<br />

verc erTma postkomunisturma<br />

reJimma aRmosavleT evropaSi<br />

ver monaxa lustraciis problemis<br />

ioli gadawyvetis gza,<br />

Tumca sajaro samsaxuris gawmenda<br />

yofili agentebisagan<br />

yvela partiis da farTo sazogadoebis<br />

mier iyo mxardaWerili.<br />

35<br />

aRmosavleT evropis lustraciuli<br />

praqtikac gansxvavebuli<br />

da winaaRmdegobrivia. prokurorebs<br />

yvela qveyanaSi gauWirdaT<br />

mtkicebulebebis Segroveba<br />

da maTi braldebulisaTvis<br />

wardgena. Warbobda iseTi sasamarTlo<br />

procesebi, romlebzec<br />

yofil funqcionerebs braldebas<br />

finansuri gadacdomebisa<br />

da korufciis da ara totalitaruli<br />

sistemis mxecur dana-<br />

SaulobebSi monawileobis gamo<br />

uyenebdnen.<br />

1999 wels mavzoleumis daxurvisa<br />

da misi mkvidris qristianuli<br />

wesiT dakrZalvis idea<br />

aRmosavleTevropuli lustraciis<br />

rusuli analogia, romlis<br />

Tavisebureba is aris, rom igi<br />

mxolod cocxlebze ar vrceldeba.<br />

lustraciis magaliTia<br />

xruSCovis gamosvla pirovnebis<br />

kultis winaaRmdeg skkp XX yrilobaze<br />

da a.S.<br />

xelisuflebaSi mosuli revoluciuri<br />

reJimebi xSirad iyeneben<br />

lustracias politikuri<br />

mowinaaRmdegeebis mimarT. is<br />

SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas agreTve<br />

xelisuflebis mier im<br />

pirebis winaaRmdeg, romlebic<br />

safrTxes uqmnian arsebul<br />

reJims (magaliTad, radikaluri<br />

partiebis wevrTa mimarT).<br />

lustraciis tipobrivi magali-<br />

Tia 1920-1930 wlebis sabWouri<br />

`wmendebi~, lustraciis magaliTia<br />

1945 wels germaniis denacifikacia,<br />

agreTve imave periodis<br />

iaponiis demilitarizacia.<br />

SeiZleba aseve gavixsenoT makartizmi<br />

aSS-Si. respublikeli<br />

senatori makarti istoriaSi Sevida,<br />

rogorc sxvadasxva saxelmwifo<br />

da sazogado moRvaweebis<br />

komunistebTan TanamSromlobis<br />

farTomasStabiani sabralmdebo<br />

kampaniis wamomwyebi. politikuri<br />

qulebis werisas makarti ar<br />

Takilobda SeTiTxnili da da-<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

adamianis uflebebi<br />

udasturebeli braldebebis<br />

gamoyenebas. `wiTlebTan~ brZola,<br />

masobrivi devna da samuSaodan<br />

daTxovnebi mimdinareobda<br />

sayovelTao isteriis fonze.<br />

dRes `neomakartizmSi~ evropaSi<br />

komunisturi reJimebis gakicxvis<br />

praqtika igulisxmeba,<br />

iseve, rogorc centralur da<br />

aRmosavleT evropaSi lustraciaSi<br />

ZiriTadad saxelmwifo<br />

moxeleebis wiTeli warsulis<br />

gamoaSkaravebas gulisxmoben.<br />

qvemoT SevexebiT sxvadasxva<br />

aRmosavleTevropul qveyanaSi<br />

ganviTarebul movlenebs, romlebic<br />

lustraciasTan iyo<br />

dakavSirebuli.<br />

ungreTSi 1992 wlis zeteni-takaCis<br />

kanonis mixedviT, sisxlis<br />

samarTlis pasuxismgebloba daekisra<br />

yvela im pirs, romlebmac<br />

1944-1990 wlebSi samSoblos Ralati<br />

Caidines. survilis SemTxvevaSi<br />

samSoblos Ralatis cnebis<br />

gamoyeneba SeiZleboda yvelas<br />

mimarT, vinc im dros sab-<br />

WoTa kavSirsa da ungreTs Soris<br />

TanamSromlobaSi monawileobda.<br />

Tumca sakonstitucio sasamar-<br />

Tlom arakonstituciurad cno<br />

es kanoni. ungreTSi xangrZlivi<br />

sakanonmdeblo bataliebi das-<br />

WirdaT, sanam 1994 wels lustraciis<br />

kanonis ZiriTad punqtebs<br />

ase Camoayalibebdnen:<br />

parlamentis wevrebi, ministrebi,<br />

prezidenti, sakonstitucio<br />

da Cveulebrivi sasamarTloebis<br />

mosamarTleebi, zogierTi<br />

Jurnalisti, saxelmwifo umaRlesi<br />

Tanamdebobis pirebi valdebuli<br />

arian gaiaron e.w. `biografiuli<br />

kontroli~. lustracias<br />

eqvemdebareba Semdegi saxis<br />

saqmianoba: saxelmwifo uSiSroebis<br />

samsaxurebisaTvis sasargeblo<br />

qmedeba, Cadenili<br />

oficialuri agentis an informatoris<br />

rangSi; faSisturi<br />

partiis wevroba.<br />

kanonis mixedviT, iqmneba sami<br />

mosamarTlisgan Semdgari komiteti,<br />

romelsac eniWeba gansakuTrebuli<br />

uflebamosileba<br />

da imuniteti. maT xeli miuwvdebaT<br />

saidumlo dokumentebze<br />

da evalebaT imis garkveva, Tu<br />

vin iyo saxelmwifo partiuli<br />

reJimis agenti an informatori.<br />

procesi mimdinareobs saidumlod,<br />

sajaro mosmenebis da<br />

lustrirebuli pirebis gareSe.<br />

am ukanasknelT gamoZiebis Catarebis<br />

Sesaxeb mxolod misi<br />

damTavrebis Semdeg ecnobebaT.<br />

Tu pirebs makomprometirebeli<br />

warsuli aRmoaCndaT, uari unda<br />

Tqvan dakavebul Tanamdebobaze<br />

da maT Sesaxeb mopovebuli<br />

informacia ar gaxmaurdeba.<br />

winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi dokumentebi<br />

unda gamoqveyndes. lustrirebul<br />

pirebs SeuZliaT<br />

gadawyvetilebis sasamarTloSi<br />

gasaCivreba. uari iTqva samRvdeloebis<br />

warmomadgenlebis<br />

lustrirebaze. TvalTvalis<br />

msxverplT neba miecaT enaxaT<br />

maTze Seqmnili dokumentebi,<br />

magram maT ar umxeldnen informatorTa<br />

gvarebs.<br />

poloneTSi lustraciis Sesaxeb<br />

1992 wels alaparakdnen, rodesac<br />

imJamindelma Sinagan saqme-<br />

Ta ministrma macereviCma presas<br />

komunistur reJimTan moTanam-<br />

Sromle agentebis sia miawoda.<br />

siaSi aRmoCndnen saxelganTqmuli<br />

adamianebi: poloneTis<br />

imJamindeli prezidenti, nobelis<br />

premiis laureati lex valensa;<br />

metad avtoritetuli antikomunisti,<br />

mecnieri da politikosi,<br />

ukve xanSiSesuli veslav<br />

kSanovski; cnobili opozicionerebi<br />

moCulski da zamoiski.<br />

atyda xmauriani politikuri<br />

skandali. valensa xangrZlivi<br />

sasamarTlo garCevis Sedegad<br />

sufTad gamovida am saqmidan _<br />

Zalian saimedo iyo misi politikuri<br />

reputacia, kSanovskic<br />

gamarTlda, magram bevr cnobil<br />

adamians postis datoveba mo-<br />

36<br />

uxda. am ambis Semdeg lustraciis<br />

procedurazec dafiqrdnen,<br />

raTa daculi yofiliyo<br />

spec-samsaxurebTan TanamSromlobaSi<br />

eWvmitanil pirTa uflebebi.<br />

sakuTari winadadebebi<br />

wamoayenes poloneTis helsinkis<br />

komitetis eqspertebma:<br />

vinaidan saidumlo dosieebis<br />

monacemebi xSirad yalbi iyo,<br />

eWvmitanilebis mimarT daculi<br />

unda yofiliyo udanaSaulobis<br />

prezumpcia, maT unda hqonodaT<br />

sasamarTlos meSveobiT<br />

Tavis dacvis ufleba. Tumca<br />

1997 wlis kanonSi es garantiebi<br />

ar Sevida. male gadadga poloneTis<br />

vice-premieri yofili<br />

disidenti ianuS tomaSevski<br />

(Zneli iyo imis warmodgena,<br />

rom tomaSevski uSiSroebasTan<br />

TanamSromlobda, Tumca misma<br />

partiulma kolegebma erTaderTi<br />

dausabuTebeli dabezRebis<br />

safuZvelze Tavis dazRveva<br />

gadawyvites da mas Tanamdebobis<br />

datoveba aiZules).<br />

saCvenebeli iyo am mxriv finansTa<br />

ministris zita gilovskas<br />

iZulebiTi gadadgomac 2006 wlis<br />

ivnisSi im braldebis safuZvelze,<br />

rom man damala yofili kav-<br />

Sirebi saidumlo policiasTan.<br />

2007 wlis 7 ianvars kaTedraze<br />

asvlis sazeimo ceremoniis win<br />

varSavis arqiepiskoposma stanislav<br />

velgusma gaakeTa gancxadeba<br />

Tanamdebobidan gadadgomis<br />

Sesaxeb, romelic dakmayofilda<br />

romis papis benediqt<br />

XVI-is mier. gadadgomis mizezi<br />

gaxda im masalebis publikacia,<br />

romlebic adasturebda ierarqis<br />

TanamSromlobas poloneTis<br />

saxalxo respublikis specsamsaxurebTan<br />

1960-1970 wlebSi.<br />

`velgusis kazusi~ uamrav kiTxvas<br />

badebs. ratom uaryofda<br />

Tavad velgusi pirveli skandaluri<br />

publikaciebis gamoqveynebis<br />

Semdeg TanamSromlobas<br />

poloneTis uSiSroebis samsaxurebTan?<br />

marTals ambobs

vatikani, rodesac irwmuneba,<br />

rom mas ar hqonia aseTi informacia?<br />

moaxdina Tu ara<br />

velgusis am gadawyvetilebaze<br />

zegavlena poloneTis xelisuflebam?<br />

versiebi bevri iyo,<br />

faqti ki is gaxldaT, rom<br />

poloneTSi lustraciis axali<br />

da mkacri talRa agorda.<br />

2007 wlis martidan ZalaSi Sevida<br />

seimis mier miRebuli kanoni,<br />

romlis mixedviTac poloneTSi<br />

gamoqveyndeba komunisturi specsamsaxurebis<br />

agentTa siebi. kanonis<br />

mixedviT, gafarTovdeba<br />

Tanamdebobebis CamonaTvali,<br />

romlis dakavebis win aucilebeli<br />

iqneba e.w. salustracio<br />

gancxadebis Sevseba. sxvebTan<br />

erTad es axla TviTmmarTvelobis<br />

warmomadgenlebs, diplomatebs,<br />

umaRlesi saswavleblebis<br />

pedagogebs, Jurnalistebsa da<br />

notariusebsac daevalebaT.<br />

axali kanonis miRebamde poloneTSi<br />

lustracias salustracio<br />

sasamarTlo da sazogadoebri-<br />

vi interesebis warmomadgenel-<br />

Ta instituti atarebda. seimma<br />

gaauqma es istitutebi da es<br />

saqme arasamTavrobo organizacias<br />

_ erovnuli mexsierebis<br />

instituts miando, romelsac<br />

saidumlo policiisa da sxva<br />

specsamsaxurebis arqivebi gadaeca.<br />

instituti Seiqmna 1998<br />

wels poloneTis teritoriaze<br />

nacistebisa da komunistebis<br />

mier Cadenil danaSaulebaTa<br />

gamosaZieblad. am institutis<br />

monacemebiT, Semowmebas komunistur<br />

specsamsaxurebTan TanamSromlobis<br />

Taobaze 400-dan<br />

700 aTasamde adamiani gaivlis.<br />

wina kanoniT ukve lustraciagavlilma<br />

moqalaqeebma es procedura<br />

kidev erTxel, amjerad<br />

ufro detalurad unda gaiaron.<br />

kanoni Seexeba diplomatebs,<br />

iuristebs, municipaluri samsaxurebis<br />

TanamSromlebs, saxelmwifo<br />

kompaniebis xelmZRvanelebs,<br />

redaqtorebs, Jurnalistebs,<br />

saxelmwifo da kerZo skolebis<br />

direqtorebs, mecniermu-<br />

Sakebs, notariusebs. aqve unda<br />

aRiniSnos, rom kanoni ar exeba<br />

arqiepiskoposma velgusma verc ki moaswro kaTedraze<br />

asvla, ise daemSvidoba varSavis mrevls.<br />

37<br />

sasuliero pirebs. e.w. lustraciuli<br />

gancxadeba Tanamdebobis<br />

dakavebamde unda daiweros.<br />

vinc uars ityvis lustraciis<br />

gavlaze, kargavs Tavisi profesiiT<br />

muSaobis uflebas.<br />

yvela am adamianma erovnuli<br />

mexsierebis institutisagan<br />

unda miiRos oficialuri sertifikati,<br />

romelSic iqneba informacia<br />

imis Sesaxeb, TanamSromlobda<br />

Tu ara es pirovneba<br />

specsamsaxurebTan. Tu sertifikatSi<br />

weria, rom misi mflobeli<br />

odesRac saidumlo policiis<br />

agenti iyo, es sakmarisi<br />

safuZvelia piris Tanamdebobidan<br />

daTxovnisaTvis. kanoni<br />

exeba 1972 wlis 1 agvistomde<br />

dabadebul moqalaqeebs.<br />

am kanonis miReba tyupi Zmebis,<br />

kaCinskebis, did gamarjvebad<br />

SeiZleba CaTvliliyo, vinaidan<br />

maTi winasaarCevno lozungi saxelisuflo<br />

struqturebidan<br />

komunistebis saboloo amoZirkva<br />

iyo. Tumca ramdenime dRis<br />

win (ufro zustad ki 15 ivniss)<br />

poloneTis sakonstitucio sasamarTlom<br />

lustraciis kanonis<br />

didi nawili arakonstituciurad<br />

cno. sasamarTlo ganxilva<br />

opoziciuri `memarcxene Zalebis<br />

demokratiuli kavSiris~<br />

moTxovniT daiwyo.<br />

germaniaSi 1991 wels bundestagis<br />

mier `Stazis~ (aRmosavleT<br />

germaniis uSiSroebis samsaxuri<br />

_ ÊÃÁ-s mier Seqmnili yvelaze<br />

efeqturi organizacia<br />

aRmosavleT evropaSi, romel-<br />

Sic muSaobda 85 aTasi oficialuri<br />

TanamSromeli da naxevari<br />

milioni StatgareSe informatori)<br />

Sesaxeb miRebuli<br />

kanonis safuZvelze oficialurad<br />

gaixsna misi arqivebi.<br />

sakvlevi informaciis uzarmazari<br />

raodenobis gamo lustraciis<br />

procesi germaniaSi ramdenime<br />

weliwads gagrZelda.<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

adamianis uflebebi<br />

am striqonebis avtori verasdros warmoidgenda, rom odesme<br />

`Stazis~ arqivSi amoyofda Tavs (foto gadaRebulia drezdenSi,<br />

2007 wlis martSi)<br />

sxva saxelmwifoebSi Catarebuli<br />

wmendebisagan gansxvavebiT,<br />

aRmosavleT germanelebis wmenda<br />

`ucxoebma~, anu dasavleTgermanelebma<br />

ganaxorcieles.<br />

lustraciasTan dakavSirebiT<br />

gamoiTqmeboda sxvadasxvagvari<br />

Sexeduleba, isic iTqva, damna-<br />

Saveni iuridiuli pasuxismgeblobisagan<br />

gavaTavisufloTo,<br />

radganac individualuri braleulobis<br />

damtkiceba xSir Sem-<br />

TxvevaSi rTuli aRmoCnda. amas-<br />

Tan, aucileblad miiCneoda monanieba<br />

da qristianuli miteveba,<br />

gulRia da patiosani dialogi<br />

bralmdeblebsa da braldebulebs<br />

Soris. germaniis komunistebisagan<br />

gaTavisuflebis<br />

dramatizms isic aZlierebda,<br />

rom es ufrosi TaobisaTvis es<br />

ukve meore wmenda iyo denacifikaciis<br />

Semdeg, romelic Catarda<br />

nacistur reJimTan Tanam-<br />

SromlobaSi braldebuli iuristebis<br />

winaaRmdeg. yofili liderebis<br />

winaaRmdeg mimarTuli<br />

lustraciuli procedurebi<br />

gdr-Si komunisturi reJimis<br />

dacemasa (1989 wlis noemberi)<br />

da germaniis gaerTianebis (1990<br />

wlis 3 oqtomberi) Sualedur<br />

periodSi daiwyo. yofili gdris<br />

bolo premier-ministrma<br />

modroum SeZlo politikuri<br />

aparatis samarcxvino warsulis<br />

damadasturebeli dokumentebis<br />

ganadgurebis inicireba. bevri<br />

dokumenti dawves, advokatebs<br />

ukanonod eubnebodnen uars<br />

uSiSroebis arqivebSi daculi<br />

cnobebisa da dokumentebis<br />

gacemaze. uSiSroebis TanamSromlebs<br />

Segnebulad SehyavdaT<br />

agentebis siaSi is adamianebi,<br />

romlebmac uari Tqves `Stazis-<br />

Tan~ TanamSromlobaze (es siebis<br />

gamoqveynebidan garkveuli<br />

drois gavlis Semdeg gairkva,<br />

manamde ki xalxma am publikaciis<br />

Sedegad samsaxuri dakarga).<br />

berlinis kedlis dacemidan<br />

ramdenime TveSi xelisuflebis<br />

saTaveSi movida koalicia, romelmac<br />

SeaCera dukumentebis<br />

ganadgureba da politikuri<br />

xasiaTis sisxlis samarTlis<br />

procesebi wamoiwyo partiis<br />

yofili xelmZRvanelis erix<br />

honekerisa da profkavSirebis<br />

yofili lideris hari tiSis<br />

winaaRmdeg. germaniis gaerTi-<br />

38<br />

anebis Sesaxeb xelSekruleba<br />

Zaladakargulad Tvlida potsdam-aixis<br />

akademiis (saidumlo<br />

samsaxuris akademia) mier mini-<br />

Webul yvela samecniero xarisxs.<br />

yofili saidumlo samsaxuris<br />

kartoTekaze kontrolis<br />

mizniT Seiqmna specialuri organo<br />

_ haukis komisia (es saxeli<br />

komisias misi xelmZRvanelis gvaris<br />

mixedviT daerqva). 1991 wels<br />

miRebuli kanonis Tanaxmad, dawesda<br />

msxverplTa pirad dosieebTan<br />

daSvebis wesebi, amasTan<br />

uzrunvelyofili iyo informaciis<br />

arasanqcirebuli gamoyenebisagan<br />

dacva. moxda dawesebulebebis<br />

wmenda im samoqalaqo<br />

pirebisagan, romlebsac kontaqti<br />

hqondaT yofil saidumlo<br />

samsaxurebTan.<br />

lustraciis procedura xorcieldebodadasavleTgermaneli<br />

an ukve Semowmebuli da Tavidan<br />

daniSnuli aRmosavleTgermaneli<br />

mosamarTleebis mier.<br />

gaerTianebuli berlinis<br />

iusticiis ministrma Seqmna prokuraturis<br />

specialuri qveganyofileba,<br />

romlis amocanas mxolod<br />

da mxolod politikur<br />

danaSaulTa gamoZieba warmoadgenda.<br />

maT Soris igulisxmeboda<br />

iseTi sisxlis samarTlis<br />

danaSaulebic, rogoricaa sasazRvro<br />

reJimis darRveva (es<br />

Seexo Tavdacvis nacionaluri<br />

sabWos yvela wevrs da bevr samxedro<br />

Cinosans), arCevnebis falsifikacia<br />

(mimarTuli iyo yvela<br />

qalaqis meris winaaRmdeg,<br />

agreTve im pirTa winaaRmdeg,<br />

romlebic pasuxismgeblebi<br />

iyvnen nacionaluri da adgilobrivi<br />

arCevnebis Catarebaze),<br />

korufcia, gaflangva, sajaro<br />

fondebis aramiznobrivi gamoyeneba<br />

(exeboda nacionalur<br />

da adgilobriv nomenklaturas).<br />

mmarTveli partiis calkeuli pirebis<br />

mimarT sisxlis samarTlis<br />

danaSaulTaTvis bralis wayeneba<br />

arc ise advili aRmoCnda.

iuristTa naxevarze metma dakarga<br />

samsaxuri sasamarTloeb-<br />

Si, sajaro samsaxursa da universitetebSi.aRmosavleTgermanelma<br />

prokurorebma, mosamar-<br />

Tleebma da sajaro moxeleebma<br />

ki wmenda gaiares, sanam maT TavianT<br />

samuSao adgilebze dabrunebis<br />

uflebas miscemdnen.<br />

CexeTSi 1991 wels miiRes kanoni<br />

dekomunizaciis Sesaxeb, romlis<br />

mixedviT, yofil komunistur<br />

nomenklaturas, saxelmwifo<br />

uSiSroebis organoTa TanamSromlebs<br />

da kolaboracionistebs<br />

samsaxuridan iTxovdnen an aqveiTebdnen.<br />

pirTa sia, romlebic<br />

komunistur reJimTan TanamSromlobdnen,<br />

140 000 adamians moicavda.<br />

maTi Semowmeba 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi<br />

unda momxdariyo.<br />

pirebs, romlebic monawileobas<br />

iRebdnen adamianis uflebebisa<br />

da Tavisuflebebis SelaxvaSi,<br />

xuTi wliT aekrZalaT sapasuxismgeblo<br />

postebis dakaveba saxelmwifo<br />

organoebSi (eseni iyvnen:<br />

uSiSroebis organoTa maRali<br />

rangis oficrebi, agentebi,<br />

kompartiis yofili funqcionerebi).<br />

es mxolod im adamianebs<br />

exeboda, romelTa braleuloba<br />

dadasturebuli iyo. braldebulebs<br />

hqondaT apelaciis ufleba.<br />

lustracias axorcielebda<br />

Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosTan<br />

Seqmnili specialuri komisia,<br />

romelic gascemda dadebiT an<br />

uaryofiTpasuxian mowmobas.<br />

uaryofiTpasuxiani mowmobis<br />

mflobeli inarCunebda sakuTar<br />

Tanamdebobas, dadebiTpasuxiani<br />

ki dauyovnebliv tovebda<br />

samsaxurs. dekomunizaciis kanonis<br />

garda CexeTSi saidumlo<br />

policiis arqivebis gaxsnis<br />

Sesaxeb kanonmdeblobis Seqmnac<br />

scades. ivaraudeboda, rom yvela<br />

adamians, romelsac uSiSroebis<br />

samsaxuri uTvalTvalebda,<br />

mcire Tanxis gadaxdis safasurad<br />

unda hqonoda sakuTari<br />

dosies gacnobis SesaZlebloba.<br />

germaniisagan gansxvavebiT arqivebis<br />

sruli gaxsna ar iyo gaTvaliswinebuli<br />

_ ar xmaurdeboda<br />

saidumlo policiis oficer-<br />

Ta gvarebi, informatorebs nomrebiT<br />

aRniSnavdnen, dokument-<br />

Si moxseniebul sxva pirTa gvarebi<br />

ki waSlili iyo. am kanonproeqtis<br />

winaaRmdeg gamovidnen<br />

yofili politpatimrebi da<br />

sxva arasamTavrobo organizaciebi,<br />

romlebic arqi-vebis<br />

srul gaxsnas moiTxovdnen.<br />

rumineTSi ar miuRiaT kanoni<br />

lustraciis Sesaxeb. amis mizezi<br />

is iyo, rom xelisuflebis<br />

saTaveSi faqtobrivad kvlav<br />

komunistebi darCnen (maT Soris<br />

_ yofili prezidenti iona<br />

iliesku) da Zalauflebas isev<br />

politikuri biurokratia<br />

(yofili partiuli Cinovnikebi<br />

da `aparatCikebi~) axorcieldebda.<br />

1990 wels komunisturi<br />

partia gauqmda. 1996 wels ki<br />

antikomunistebma gaimarjves,<br />

magram arc maT miumarTavT represiuli<br />

RonisZiebebisaTvis.<br />

bulgareTSi 1992 wels miiRes<br />

kanoni mecnierebisa da ganaTlebis<br />

sistemis dekomunizaciis<br />

Sesaxeb, romelic ukrZalavda<br />

komunisturi partiis yofil aqtivistebs<br />

da komunisturi ideologiis<br />

leqtorebs xelmZRvaneli<br />

Tanamdebobebis dakavebas<br />

samecniero dawesebulebebsa da<br />

umaRles saswavleblebSi. Tumca<br />

mas Semdeg, rac parlamentma<br />

miiRo kanoni, romelic krZalavs<br />

saidumlo policiis dosieSi<br />

arsebuli informaciis saaSkaraoze<br />

gamotanas, dekomunizaciis<br />

procesi mniSvnelovnad<br />

Seferxda. am kanonis mixedviT,<br />

saidumlo policiis dosieSi<br />

arsebuli informaciis gamavrcelebels<br />

sam wlamde Tavisuflebis<br />

aRkveTa emuqreba, saxelisuflo<br />

Cinovnikisa Tu masobrivi<br />

informaciis saSualebis<br />

TanamSromlisaTvis ki es vada<br />

ormagdeba.<br />

39<br />

baltiis qveynebi<br />

estoneTSi miiRes kanoni arasasamarTlo<br />

masobrivi represiebis<br />

Sesaxeb sabWoTa estoneTSi 1940-<br />

1950 wlebSi. am kanoniT prokuraturas<br />

masobriv mkvlelobebsa<br />

da kacobriobis winaaRmdeg<br />

Cadenil sxva danaSaulSi monawileTa<br />

winaaRmdeg sisxlissamarTlebrivi<br />

devnis dawyeba<br />

daevala.<br />

latviis 1992 wlis kanoni arCevnebis<br />

Sesaxeb parlamentis deputatobis<br />

yvela kandidatisgan<br />

sabWoTa an sxva specsamsaxureb-<br />

Tan maTi TanamSromlobis werilobiT<br />

dadasturebas an uaryofas<br />

moiTxovda. 1995 wlis kanoni<br />

seimis arCevnebis Sesaxeb krZalavs<br />

im pirTa arCevas, romlebic<br />

kompartiis an kompartiis<br />

megobari sxva organizaciebis<br />

funqcionerebi iyvnen 1991 wlis<br />

13 ianvris Semdeg; es exeboda<br />

agreTve sabWoTa uSiSroebis<br />

samsaxuris muSakebsa da agentebs.<br />

litvaSi miiRes kanoni im deputatebis<br />

mandatebis Semowmebis Sesaxeb,<br />

romelTa mimarT sabWoTa an<br />

sxva qveynebis specsamsaxureb-<br />

Tan Segnebuli TanamSromlobis<br />

eWvi arsebobda. am kanonis mixedviT,<br />

arsebuli eWvebis an gaxmaurebuli<br />

faqtebis Sesamowmeblad<br />

da gamosaZieblad specialuri<br />

sadeputato komisia iqmneboda,<br />

romelic saWiroebis Sem-<br />

TxvevaSi prokuraturis, Sinagan<br />

saqmeTa saministros da<br />

erovnuli uSiSroebis samsaxuris<br />

warmomadgenlebs iyenebda.<br />

mainc ra aris lustracia: samarTlianobis<br />

aqti? adamianis<br />

uflebebis darRvevis axali<br />

meTodi? `aucilebeli boroteba~?<br />

dasavleTTan keklucobis<br />

Taviseburi forma? moraluri<br />

kaTarzisi? an iqneb sxva ram?<br />

amis gansjas mkiTxveli Tavadac<br />

kargad moaxerxebs.<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

samarTali<br />

adamianis uflebaTa<br />

evropuli sasamarTlos<br />

gadawyvetileba<br />

golderi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg<br />

masala moamzada nona kalandaZem<br />

1965 wels, didi britaneTis<br />

moqalaqe, sidni elmer golderi,<br />

msjavrdebul iqna gaerTianebul<br />

samefoSi ZarcvisTvis,<br />

romelsac Tan axlda Zalis<br />

gamoyeneba. mas TxuTmeti wliT<br />

patimroba miesaja. is sasjels<br />

40<br />

ixdida parxurstis cixeSi<br />

uaiTis kunZulze.<br />

1969 wels, parxurstis cixeSi<br />

seriozuli areuloba moxda.<br />

cixis oficerma, laridma, romelmac<br />

monawileoba miiRo da<br />

Semdeg daSavda kidec areulobis<br />

CaxSobisas, amoicno Tavdamsxmelebi,<br />

maT Soris golderi.<br />

golderi da is pirebi, romlebic<br />

eWvmitanilni iyvnen areulobaSi<br />

monawileobaSi, patimrebis<br />

ZiriTadi jgufisgan ganacalkeves.<br />

Semdgom golderi policiis<br />

TanamSromlebma dakiTxes.<br />

meore dakiTxvisas mas Seatyobines,<br />

rom igi eWvmitanili iyo<br />

policiis oficerze Tavdasxma-<br />

Si da gaafrTxiles, rom mis<br />

winaaRmdeg gamoZiebis warmar-<br />

Tvis sakiTxi gadawydeboda<br />

faqtebze dayrdnobiT.<br />

imave wels, msjavrdebulma jer<br />

parlamentis wevrs, Semdeg ki<br />

ufros konstebls gaugzavna<br />

werilebi, romlebSic aRwerda

cixeSi momxdar areulobas da<br />

im usiamovnebebs, romlebsac<br />

xsenebuli areulobis Sedegad<br />

waawyda. miuxedavad amisa, cixis<br />

mmarTvelma SeaCera es werilebi<br />

im motiviT, rom msjavrdebulma<br />

ar daayena es sakiTxi im<br />

nebadarTuli saSualebebiT,<br />

romlebic mas gaaCnda adre.<br />

Semdgom, cixis erT-erTma oficerma<br />

aRniSna, rom golderi<br />

buntis Rames masTan erTad imyofeboda<br />

televizoris oTaxSi<br />

im patimrebTan erTad, romlebic<br />

ar monawileobdnen areulobaSi.<br />

Sesabamisad, msjavrdebuli sidni<br />

elmeri daabrunes Tavis sakanSi.<br />

im periodSi cixis administracia<br />

ganixilavda sxvadasxva<br />

gancxadebebs da moamzada im<br />

braldebaTa sia, romlebsac<br />

wauyenebdnen patimrebs, maT<br />

Soris golders, cixis disciplinis<br />

darRvevisTvis; amasTan<br />

dakavSirebuli Canaweri Seitanes<br />

golderis pirad saqmeSi. sabolood,<br />

mas araviTari aseTi braldeba<br />

ar wauyenes da pirad saqmeSi<br />

Setanil Canawerze gakeTda<br />

SeniSnva, rom braldeba ar<br />

waeyena.<br />

1970 wels, golderma peticiiT<br />

mimarTa Sinagan saqmeTa ministrs,<br />

raTa gadaeyvanaT sxva cixeSi.<br />

is, amasTan, iTxovda Tavis advokatTan<br />

moTaTbirebas, raTa<br />

aReZra samoqalaqo sarCeli ciliswamebis<br />

kuTxiT cixis oficris<br />

winaaRmdeg. is saWirod<br />

miiCnevda misi piradi saqmis<br />

damoukideblad Seswavlas.<br />

Tumca, imave wels, Sinagan saqme-<br />

Ta saministrom cixis mmarTvels<br />

daavala, ecnobebina golderis-<br />

Tvis, rom misi peticia zedmi-<br />

wevniT iqna Seswavlili, magram<br />

misi sxva cixeSi gadayvana ar<br />

iyo aucilebeli; agreTve, ar<br />

gamoikveTa safuZveli peticiaSi<br />

aRniSnul sxva sakiTxebze<br />

raime qmedebis gansaxorcieleblad.<br />

1972 wels, golderi vadaze<br />

adre pirobiT gaaTavisufles.<br />

qveynis Sida samarTali<br />

`cixis Sesaxeb~ 1952 wlis kanoni<br />

aregulirebs inglisSi msjavrdebul<br />

pirTa kontaqts sapatimro<br />

dawesebulebis gareT myof<br />

pirebTan.<br />

aRniSnuli kanonis 47-e Tavis<br />

pirveli qveTavis Tanaxmad, Sinagan<br />

saqmeTa ministrs SeuZlia<br />

daadginos wesebi, romlebic<br />

exeba patimarTa Soris wesrigis<br />

damyarebas, marTvas, mopyrobas,<br />

disciplinasa da im pirTa kontrols,<br />

romelTa patimrobac<br />

aucilebelia.<br />

Sinagan saqmeTa ministri Tavis<br />

uflebamosilebas cixis 1964<br />

wlis wesebze dayrdnobiT axorcielebda.<br />

aRniSnuli wesebi<br />

parlaments gansaxilvelad<br />

waredgina da mas gaaCnia kanonis<br />

Zala. debulebebi, romlebic<br />

exeba patimrebsa da sapatimros<br />

gareT myof pirebs Soris<br />

urTierTobas, gansazRvrulia<br />

cixis wesebis 33-e, 34-e da<br />

37-e muxlebiT. aRniSnuli muxlebiT,<br />

ministrs SeuZlia disciplinisa<br />

da marTlwesrigis dasacavad<br />

an nebismieri piris interesebidan<br />

gamomdinare, danaSaulis<br />

Tavidan acilebis mizniT,<br />

daawesos SezRudvebi, rogorc<br />

zogadad, aseve calkeul SemTxvevebSi,<br />

patimarsa da sxva pirs<br />

Soris nebadarTul urTierTobaze.<br />

41<br />

im gamonaklisebis garda, romlebic<br />

dadgenilia kanonis an am<br />

wesebis Tanaxmad, patimars ar<br />

unda hqondes cixis gareT an<br />

patimrobaSi myof nebismier<br />

pirTan urTierTobis ufleba<br />

ministris nebarTvis gareSe.<br />

erT-erTi zemoaRniSnuli wesis<br />

Tanaxmad, ministris nebarTvis<br />

gareSe patimars ar aqvs ufleba,<br />

daukavSirdes sxva pirs samarTlebriv<br />

Tu sxva sakiTxTan mimarTebaSi<br />

an nebismier pirs,<br />

garda naTesavisa Tu megobrisa.<br />

agreTve, samarTalwarmoebis<br />

dros, iqneba es samoqalaqo Tu<br />

sisxlis samarTalwarmoeba, romlis<br />

monawilec patimaria, mis<br />

iuridiul mrCevels unda gaaCndes<br />

gonivruli SesaZlebloba,<br />

raTa mimdinare samarTalwarmoebasTan<br />

dakavSirebiT esaubros<br />

patimars oficris zedamxedvelobis<br />

areSi, mosmenis<br />

gareSe. ministris nebarTviT<br />

patimris iuridiul mrCevels<br />

SeuZlia esaubros patimars<br />

nebismier samarTlebriv Tu<br />

sxva sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT<br />

oficris zedamxedvelobis da<br />

mosmenis pirobiT.<br />

adamianis uflebaTa<br />

evropuli sasamarTlos<br />

Sefaseba<br />

Tavdapirvelad golderma<br />

adamianis uflebaTa evropul<br />

komisias warudgina ori saCivari,<br />

romlebic exeboda misi<br />

werilebis SeCerebas da ministris<br />

mier advokatTan konsultaciaze<br />

nebarTvis gaucemlobas.<br />

Tumca komisiam dauSveblad<br />

cno pirveli saCivari, radgan<br />

Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi dacvis<br />

yvela saSualeba ar yofila<br />

amowuruli. amavdroulad, arsebiT<br />

ganxilvaze dauSva meore<br />

saCivari, romelic Seexeboda<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

samarTali<br />

adamianis uflebaTa da Ziri-<br />

Tad TavisuflebaTa evropuli<br />

konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirvel<br />

punqtsa da me-8 muxlebs.<br />

adamianis uflebaTa evropulma<br />

komisiam aRniSna, rom konvenciis<br />

me-6 muxlis pirveli punqti<br />

uzrunvelyofs sasamarTloze<br />

xelmisawvdomobas. individualurad<br />

Tu konvenciis sxva<br />

muxlebTan erTad, ar moipoveba<br />

raime saxis SezRudva patimris<br />

uflebaze, aRZras samarTalwarmoeba<br />

da am mizniT iqonios<br />

SeuzRudavi kavSiri advokat-<br />

Tan, amitom am saqmeSi gaerTianebuli<br />

samefos kompetenturi<br />

organoebis mier dawesebuli<br />

SezRudvebi Seusabamoa me-6<br />

muxlis pirvel punqtTan, amas-<br />

Tan, is faqtebi, romlebic warmoadgens<br />

me-6 muxlis pirveli<br />

punqtis darRvevas, amave dros<br />

arRvevs me-8 muxls.<br />

konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli<br />

punqtis Tanaxmad, samoqalaqo<br />

uflebaTa da movaleoba-<br />

Ta an nebismieri sisxlis samarTlebrivi<br />

braldebis gansazRvrisas<br />

yvelas aqvs ufleba kanoniT<br />

Seqmnili damoukidebeli<br />

da miukerZoebeli sasamarTlos<br />

mier gonivrul vadaSi samarTlian<br />

da sajaro mosmenaze. sasamarTlo<br />

gadawyvetileba cxaddeba<br />

sajarod, magram demokratiul<br />

sazogadoebaSi zneobis,<br />

sazogadoebrivi wesrigis an<br />

erovnuli uSiSroebis interesebidan<br />

gamomdinare, presa da<br />

sazogadoeba SeiZleba ar iqnan<br />

daSvebuli mTel sasamarTlo<br />

ganxilvaze an mis nawilze, Tu<br />

amas moiTxovs arasrulwovanTa<br />

interesebi an mxareTa piradi<br />

cxovrebis dacva anda Tu sasamarTlos<br />

SexedulebiT es sruliad<br />

aucilebelia, vinaidan<br />

gansakuTrebul garemoebebSi<br />

sajarooba zians miayenebda<br />

marTlmsajulebis interesebs.<br />

evropulma sasamarTlom gaixsena,<br />

rom 1970 wels, golderma<br />

Sinagan saqmeTa ministrs mimar-<br />

Ta TxovniT, daerTo misTvis<br />

Tavis advokatTan konsultaciis<br />

neba cixis oficer leirdis<br />

winaaRmdeg ciliswamebisTvis<br />

samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebis<br />

aRZvris mizniT. mogvianebiT,<br />

mas am Txovnaze uari eTqva.<br />

Sesabamisad, msjavrdebulma<br />

gamoaaSkarava Tavisi ganzraxva,<br />

rom apirebda aReZra samoqalaqo<br />

samarTalwarmoeba ciliswamebisTvis<br />

da gamoTqva survili,<br />

dakavSireboda Tavis advokats,<br />

rac warmoadgenda Cveulebriv<br />

nabijs. advokatTan dakav-<br />

Sirebis akrZalviT Sinagan saqmeTa<br />

ministrma realurad xeli<br />

SeuSala golders mis mier<br />

ganzraxuli saqmis warmoebaSi.<br />

sasamarTlos SefasebiT, me-6<br />

muxlis pirveli punqti ar adgens<br />

sasamarTlosa Tu tribunalze<br />

xelmisawvdomobis uflebas<br />

aSkara frazebiT. is naTlad<br />

acxadebs uflebebs, romlebic<br />

gansxvavebulia, magram gamomdinareobs<br />

erTi saerTo azridan<br />

da erTad aRebuli qmnis<br />

erT uflebas, romelic specialurad<br />

ar aris gansazRvruli<br />

terminis viwro mniSvnelobiT.<br />

evropuli konvenciis me-6 muxlis<br />

pirveli punqtis terminebi,<br />

erTian konteqstSi aRebuli,<br />

iZleva safuZvels, rom<br />

zemoaRniSnuli ufleba masSi<br />

moiazreba. aseve, principi, romlis<br />

saSualebiTac SesaZlebeli<br />

unda iyos samoqalaqo sarCelis<br />

wardgena mosamarTlisTvis,<br />

uTanabrdeba samarTlis sayovelTaod<br />

aRiarebul ZiriTad<br />

princips. aRniSnuli Seesabameba<br />

saerTaSoriso samarTlis<br />

princips, romelic krZalavs<br />

marTlmsajulebis uaryofas.<br />

me-6 muxlis pirveli punqti am<br />

principebis gaTvaliswinebiT<br />

42<br />

unda iqnas ganmartebuli. sasamarTloze<br />

xelmisawvdomobis<br />

ufleba warmoadgens me-6 muxlis<br />

pirveli punqtiT gansazRvruli<br />

uflebis Semadgenel<br />

nawils. amdenad, nebismier pirs<br />

aqvs ufleba, warudginos samoqalaqo<br />

uflebebTan da valdebulebebTan<br />

dakavSirebuli<br />

saCivari sasamarTlos an<br />

tribunals.<br />

evropulma sasamarTlom ganmarta,<br />

golderma mimarTa ra<br />

Sinagan saqmeTa ministrs peticiiT,<br />

neba daerTo, konsultacia<br />

gaemarTa advokatTan leirdis<br />

winaaRmdeg ciliswamebisTvis<br />

sarCelis aRZvris mizniT,<br />

is cdilobda, gaemarTlebina<br />

sakuTari Tavi mis winaaRmdeg<br />

cixis oficris mier wayenebul<br />

braldebaSi, romelmac<br />

misTvis arasasurveli Sedegi<br />

gamoiRo. amasTan, Sesabamisi<br />

samarTalwarmoeba ukavSirdeboda<br />

cixis cxovrebas da samar-<br />

Talwarmoeba mimarTuli iqneboda<br />

cixis administraciis im<br />

TanamSromlis winaaRmdeg, romelic<br />

eqvemdebareboda Sinagan<br />

saqmeTa ministrs da samsaxurebrivi<br />

movaleobebis ganxorcielebisas<br />

brali dasdo ganmcxadebels.<br />

am dros, Sinagan<br />

saqmeTa ministrs ar hqonda ufleba<br />

Seefasebina golderis<br />

mier Cafiqrebuli RonisZieba<br />

konvenciis me-6 muxlis pirveli<br />

punqtis Tanaxmad, es damoukidebel<br />

da miukerZoebel<br />

sasamarTlos unda gaekeTebina.<br />

adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad<br />

TavisuflebaTa konvenciis me-8<br />

muxlis Tanaxmad, yvelas aqvs<br />

ufleba, pativi scen mis pirad<br />

da ojaxur cxovrebas, mis<br />

sacxovrebelsa da mimoweras.<br />

dauSvebelia sajaro xelisuflebis<br />

Careva am uflebis ganxorcielebaSi,<br />

garda iseTi Carevisa,<br />

romelic daSvebulia kano

niT da aucilebelia demokratiul<br />

sazogadoebaSi erovnuli<br />

uSiSroebis sazogadoebrivi<br />

usafrTxoebis an qveynis ekonomikuri<br />

keTildReobis interesebisTvis<br />

an uwesrigobis Tu<br />

danaSaulis Tavidan asacileblad,<br />

janmrTelobis an zneobis<br />

Tu sxva uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa<br />

dacvisTvis.<br />

evropuli sasamarTlos SefasebiT,<br />

Sinagan saqmeTa ministris<br />

mier 1970 wlis peticiis uaryofam<br />

uSualo zegavlena iqonia<br />

goldersa da mis advokats Soris<br />

raime saxis kavSiris SesaZleblobaze.<br />

korespondenciis warmoebaSi<br />

adamianisTvis dabrkolebis<br />

Seqmna warmoadgens korespondenciis<br />

pativiscemis uflebis<br />

ganxorcielebaSi Carevis<br />

gavrcelebul formas. msjavrdebuli<br />

patimris mier korespondenciis<br />

uflebis ganxorcielebaSi<br />

Carevis aucilebloba<br />

Sefasebuli unda iqnas patimrobis<br />

Cveulebrivi da mizanSewonili<br />

moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT,<br />

magaliTad, uwesrigobis<br />

an danaSaulis Tavidan acilebisTvis<br />

gamarTlebulad CaiTvleba,<br />

rodesac Careva patimar-<br />

Tan mimarTebaSi ufro farTod<br />

ganxorcieldeba, vidre TavisuflebaSi<br />

myof pirTan.<br />

golderis saqmeSi Sinagan saqmeTa<br />

ministris mier gamotanili<br />

gadawyvetileba adasturebs,<br />

rom is ar warmoadgenda aucileblobas<br />

demokratiul sazogadoebaSi,<br />

radgan ganmcxadeblis<br />

mimowera Tavis advokat-<br />

Tan iqneboda mosamzadebeli<br />

etapi imisTvis, rom aReZra<br />

samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoeba<br />

da ganexorcielebina ufleba,<br />

romelic gansazRvrulia konvenciis<br />

me-6 muxliT.<br />

Sesabamisad, adamianis ufleba-<br />

Ta evropulma sasamarTlom da-<br />

adgina, rom golderis saqmeSi<br />

adgili hqonda adamianis uflebaTa<br />

da ZiriTad Tavisufleba-<br />

Ta evropuli konvenciis me-6<br />

muxlis pirveli punqtisa da<br />

me-8 muxlis darRvevas. amasTan,<br />

sasamarTlos azriT, saqmis<br />

pirobebidan gamomdinare, sa-<br />

Wiro ar iyo ganmcxadeblisTvis<br />

samarTliani dakmayofilebis<br />

miniWeba raime sxva saxiT,<br />

garda konvenciiT garantirebuli<br />

uflebis darRvevis dadgenisa.<br />

43<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

Stigma-free<br />

disleqsia<br />

TaTia mebaRiSvili<br />

arian bavSvebi, romlebic Zalian gamoirCevian<br />

Tanatolebisagan: Taviseburebi, Cafiqrebulebi,<br />

erTi SexedviT _ zarmacebi da moundomelebi,<br />

zogjer agresiulebi da garemosTan SeuTavseblebi.<br />

garemo maTgan daJinebiT moiTxovs,<br />

rom `Cveulebrivebi~, `normalurebi~ iyvnen, magram<br />

maTi gansxvavebulobis mizezis Ziebas Tu<br />

daviwyebT, davinaxavT, rom isini arc aranormalurebi<br />

arian, arc Clungebi...<br />

disleqsiis daxasiaTeba<br />

disleqsiis sayovelTaod miRebuli<br />

gansazRvreba ar arsebobs,<br />

Tumca garkveul debulebebze<br />

SeTanxmeba miRweulia: igi kiT-<br />

44<br />

xvis unaris daqveiTebaa, xolo<br />

farTo mniSvnelobiT _ swavlis<br />

unaris daqveiTeba, romelic<br />

kiTxvis, weris, zepiri metyvelebis<br />

problemebiT xasiaTdeba<br />

(termini berZnuli warmomavlobisaa:<br />

dus _ dazianebuli,<br />

lexis _ sityva). am problemis<br />

mqone adamianebi ver axerxeben<br />

dawerili sityvis aRqmas, Tumca<br />

mosmenili sityvis aRqma SeuZliaT.<br />

magram mravalma kvlevam<br />

daadastura, rom disleqsia<br />

metyvelebis, rogorc aseTis,<br />

problema ar aris. igi swavlis<br />

unaris daqveiTebis yvelaze<br />

gavrcelebuli formaa: statistikurad<br />

msoflioSi swavlis<br />

unaris daqveiTebis SemTxveva<br />

skolis moswavleebSi daaxloebiT<br />

15%-a, aqedan 7-9%-s disleqsia<br />

aqvs. garda amisa, disleqsia<br />

ar aris daavadeba da<br />

swavlis unaris daqveiTebis<br />

sxva formebisgan imiT gamoir-

Ceva, rom biologiurad determinirebuli<br />

niSnebi aqvs.<br />

Tamar gagoSiZe, neirofsiqologi:<br />

`aRmoCnda, rom aseTi adamianebis<br />

tvini dazianebuli ki<br />

ar aris, aramed cotaTi gansxvavebulia.<br />

maT gamoxatuli ar<br />

aqvT funqciuri, anatomiuri<br />

asimetria. Cveni tvini fiziologiuradac<br />

asimetriulia,<br />

anatomiuradac da funqcionaluradac.<br />

disleqsia ar aris<br />

SeZenili, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom<br />

igi Tandayolilia. Zalian bevri<br />

gamokvleva Catarda imis<br />

dasadgenad, aris Tu ara disleqsia<br />

genetikuri movlena da<br />

iTvleba, rom igi ufro memkvidreobiTia;<br />

fiqroben, rom mamakac<br />

winaprebs im adamianebisa,<br />

visac kiTxvis unari aqvT daqveiTebuli,<br />

msgavsi problema<br />

eqnebodaT. es mTlad dasabu-<br />

Tebuli Sexeduleba ar aris,<br />

magram arsebobs monacemebi,<br />

rom biWebSi disleqsia 3-4-jer<br />

ufro xSiria, vidre gogoebSi.~<br />

zogi kvlevis Tanaxmad, im eneb-<br />

Si, sadac meti Tanxvedraa asoebsa<br />

da bgerebs Soris, adamianebi<br />

naklebi simZafriT ganicdian<br />

disleqsias (aseTia xorvatiuli,<br />

koreuli, italiuri da espanuri<br />

enebi, gansxvavebiT inglisurisa<br />

da frangulisagan). gamoikvlies<br />

pirvelklaseli bavSvebis<br />

kiTxvis sizuste da aRmoCnda,<br />

rom inglisel bavSvebs<br />

sizustis 40% hqondaT, sxva<br />

evropul enebze mosaubreebs _<br />

95%, xolo frangebsa da danielebs,<br />

rogorc araregulirebuli<br />

warmoTqmis mqoneebs _<br />

75%. es imas ar niSnavs, rom disleqsias<br />

orTografia iwvevs,<br />

magram orTografiulad rTul<br />

enebSi disleqsia ufro mkveTrad<br />

vlindeba.<br />

Tamar gagoSiZe: `Cven gvaqvs<br />

garkveuli unarebi, romlebic<br />

kiTxvis dauflebaSi gvexmareba.<br />

aRmoCnda, rom swored es<br />

unarebi aqvT daqveiTebuli<br />

disleqsiis mqoneT skolaSi<br />

Sesvlisas. pirvel yovlisa maT<br />

sivrciTi orientacia, marjvena-marcxenas<br />

garCeva uWirT<br />

imdenad, rom `x~-s `b~-sgan ver<br />

ganasxvaveben. meore mxriv, imisaTvis,<br />

rom waikiTxo, unda SegeZlos,<br />

rom es `x~ da `b~ im bgeris<br />

JReradobas daukavSiro,<br />

rasac isini aRniSnaven. mesame<br />

problemaa xanmokle metyvelebiTi<br />

mexsiereba _ mexsierebaSi<br />

sakmao xans ver ayovneben imas,<br />

rac aiTvises~.<br />

magram disleqsiis mqone bavSvebs<br />

smenac da mxedvelobac normaluri<br />

aqvT. disleqsia arc dabali<br />

inteleqtis niSania. werakiTxvis<br />

problemis gamo am adamianebs<br />

SeiZleba maRali akademiuri<br />

miRwevebi ar hqondeT,<br />

magram didi niWi gamoavlinon<br />

xatvaSi, Teatralur xelovnebasa<br />

Tu musikaSi, sportSi, meqanikaSi,<br />

biznesSi, dizainsa da<br />

inJineriaSi. `aseT bavSvebs sakmaod<br />

maRali inteleqti aqvT.<br />

kiTxvis unaris daqveiTeba gonebriv<br />

CamorCenilobasTan ar<br />

aris kavSirSi, Tumca Zalian<br />

xSirad ase fiqroben xolme<br />

adamianebi, rac sinamdviles ar<br />

Seesabameba~, _ aRniSnavs Tamar<br />

gagoSiZe. marTlac, bavSvs araferi<br />

etyoba, sanam skolaSi ar<br />

wava. iq ki, kiTxvis swavlisas<br />

warmoqmnili siZneleebi maT<br />

bevr sxva problemasac uqmnis:<br />

Tamar gagoSiZe: `bavSvebi saku-<br />

Tari SesaZleblobebis realizacias<br />

ver axerxeben iq, sadac<br />

saWiroa. disleqsiis gamo imdeni<br />

problema Cndeba, rom TviT<br />

disleqsia, anu is, rom bavSvs<br />

kiTxva uWirda, am fonze aRaravis<br />

axsovs; rom Seecvala,<br />

autaneli gaxda, amas, cxadia,<br />

yvela amCnevs.~<br />

45<br />

Sorena mamukaZe, neirofsiqologi:<br />

`aseT bavSvebze amboben,<br />

ar SeuZliaT da amitom ver ake-<br />

Teben imas, rac moeTxovebaTo.<br />

samwuxarod, maT mimaT agresiulnic<br />

arian xolme. bavSvebi ibnevian,<br />

ver xvdebian, ra undaT<br />

maTgan. mSoblebs hgoniaT jibriT<br />

iqceva ase da sasowarkveTilni<br />

kiTxuloben, ratom mikeTebs<br />

amas Cemi Svili, ras merCis, ra<br />

davuSaveo! _ amgvari teqstiT<br />

modian xolme dabneuli mSoblebi<br />

CvenTan. bavSvs ki SesaZloa<br />

didi survilic aqvs yvelaferi<br />

ise gaakeTos, rogorc misgan<br />

moiTxoven, unda Tavi moawonos<br />

garSemomyofT, magram ver axerxebs,<br />

resursi ar hyofnis. es ki<br />

damatebiTi mizezia saimisod,<br />

rom bavSvma arasrulyofil adamianad<br />

igrZnos Tavi, vinaidan,<br />

rodesac normaluri inteleqti<br />

gaqvs, SesaniSnavad xvdebi, ras<br />

niSnavs kargad gakeTebuli saqme<br />

da ras niSnavs, roca ise ar<br />

gamogdis rame, rogorc saWiroa.<br />

amis Sedegia depresiuli simptomatika,<br />

agresiuloba, jer<br />

sakuTar Tavze Riziandebian da<br />

mere _ garSemomyofebzec, TandaTan<br />

agresia yvela mimarTulebiT<br />

viTardeba. yovelive amis<br />

gamo bavSvebi asocialurni xdebian,<br />

ucnaurad iqcevian, riTac<br />

aprotesteben garemos araadekvatur<br />

moTxovnebs maTdami.<br />

mere da mere emociebis sfero-<br />

Sic uCndebaT problemebi, rac<br />

imas iwvevs, rom sociums veRar<br />

ergebian, miuRebelni xdebian<br />

socialuri garemosaTvis. yvela<br />

unari rom saucxood gvqondes<br />

ganviTarebuli, Tu emociurad<br />

gawonasworebulni ara<br />

varT, saqmes rigianad mainc ver<br />

vakeTebT~.<br />

reabilitacia<br />

marTalia, disleqsia daavadeba<br />

ar aris, magram mas mixedva auci-<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

Stigma-free<br />

leblad sWirdeba. rogorc maria<br />

gunarsoni aRniSnavs (Svedi<br />

specialisti, muSaobs disleqsiis<br />

mqone bavSvebTan da zrdasrul<br />

adamianebTanac), SvedeTis<br />

cixeebSi disleqsiis mqone bevri<br />

adamiani zis, rac swored<br />

maT araadekvatur ganviTarebas<br />

SeiZleba mivaweroT. mas miaCnia,<br />

rom disleqsiisagan gamowveuli<br />

problemebis dasaZlevad xelsayrel<br />

garemos qmnis wesrigi,<br />

gansazRvruloba da disciplina:<br />

`mniSvnelovania reJimis<br />

dacva. SvedeTSi disleqsiis<br />

problema ufro mwvaved SeiZleba<br />

imis gamoc dgas, rom umu-<br />

Sevrobis maRali donea, skolaSi<br />

disciplina moikoWlebs...<br />

am TvalsazrisiT enac mniSvnelobs:<br />

Cven ar warmovTqvamT ise,<br />

rogorc vwerT. Tqven, qarTvelebs,<br />

am mxriv kargad gaqvT<br />

saqme.~<br />

Sorena mamukaZe: `reabilitacia<br />

individualuria, bavSvzea xolme<br />

damokidebuli. zogis mdgomareoba<br />

swrafad umjobesdeba,<br />

zogisa _ nela da Znelad. erTxel<br />

Tu miaRwies warmatebas, es<br />

Sedegi mdgradia. me mqonda er-<br />

Ti saintereso SemTxveva: myavda<br />

bavSvi, pacienti, romelsac ra<br />

tipis disleqsiac SeiZleba arsebobdes,<br />

yvelas simptomi hqonda.<br />

Zalian didi Sromis Sedegad<br />

_ bavSvic mondomebuli<br />

iyo, mSobelic araCveulebrivi<br />

hyavda, esmoda rasTan hqonda<br />

saqme _ mivaRwieT imas, rom<br />

qarTulad wera-kiTxva daviwyeT.<br />

magram, Semdeg wels mSobeli<br />

gvirekavs, axla inglisurSi<br />

gvaqvs problemao. ganvaaxleT<br />

muSaoba da, Tu pirvelad daaxloebiT<br />

rva Tves movundiT<br />

mdgomareobis gamosworebas,<br />

meored or TveSi yvelaferi<br />

alagda~.<br />

sinamdvileSi disleqsiisgan<br />

gankurneba ar arsebobs _ dis-<br />

leqsia es aris adamianis manera,<br />

gansxvavebulad aiTvisos informacia.<br />

man SeiZleba iswavlos<br />

sxvadasxva strategiebi da<br />

gamoimuSavos garkveuli unarebi<br />

problemebTan gasamklaveblad,<br />

magram informaciis damuSavebis<br />

manera ar ecvleba. ubralod,<br />

man siZneleebis gadalaxva<br />

iswavla.<br />

Tamar gagoSiZe: `Cven ukve viciT,<br />

rom kiTxvas esa da es unarebi<br />

sWirdeba. arsebobs specialuri<br />

TamaSebi, romelTa saSualebi-<br />

Tac SegviZlia gavarkvioT, aqvs<br />

bavSvs fonologiuri analizis<br />

unari, Tu ara, arCevs Tu ara<br />

vizualurad obieqtebs, SeuZlia<br />

Tu ara sivrciTi niSnebis<br />

erTmaneTisgan gamoyofa da<br />

gansxvaveba. sabavSvo baRi imis-<br />

Tvis arsebobs, rom iq bavSvebs<br />

weris, kiTxvisa da angariSisTvis<br />

saWiro unar-Cvevebi gamoumu-<br />

Saon da ase moamzadon skolis-<br />

Tvis. bevrma ar icis, rom sabav-<br />

Svo baRs es amocana akisria. es<br />

aris gansakuTrebulad mniSvnelovani<br />

strategiuli daniSnulebis<br />

dawesebuleba, sadac<br />

SesaZlebelia nebismieri dar-<br />

Rvevis, yvelaze advilad ki<br />

disleqsiis ganviTarebis prevencia.<br />

dRes germania, aSS, inglisi<br />

da safrangeTic ki, romelic<br />

ganaTlebisTvis am qveynebTan<br />

SedarebiT nakleb saxsrebs<br />

xarjavs, socialuri proeqtebis<br />

dafinansebis udides<br />

nawils swored sabavSvo baRebisaTvis<br />

gamoyofen. amiT winaswar<br />

agvareben im problemebs,<br />

romelTa likvidacia Semdgom<br />

ufro Zviri daujdebodaT.<br />

am bavSvebis xelis Sewyoba, pirvel<br />

yovlisa, maTi swori gageba<br />

da interpretaciaa. Tu sabavSvo<br />

baRSi ar aswavlian Tama-<br />

Sebs, romlebic bavSvis problemis<br />

gamovlenas uwyoben xels,<br />

mere ukve, skolaSi rom Seva,<br />

46<br />

maswavlebelma unda imarjvos<br />

da rac male atexs gangaSs, miT<br />

ukeTesi. oRond is ki ar unda<br />

iZaxos, bavSvi gonebrivad Camor-<br />

Ceniliao, aramed mSoblebs unda<br />

ganumartos, rom mas specialistebis<br />

daxmareba sWirdeba.<br />

amis mere igegmeba bavSvTan mu-<br />

Saobis individualuri gegma,<br />

imitom, rom igi im gegmiT ver<br />

aiTvisebs 33 qarTul asos, ra<br />

gegmiTac amas misi klaselebi<br />

axerxeben. Tu problema gvian,<br />

mesame-meoTxe klasSi gaxda cnobili,<br />

misi daZleva bevrad ufro<br />

Znelia. ar damaviwydeba er-<br />

Ti Cemi pacienti, romelic unda<br />

Sememowmebina, kiTxulobda Tu<br />

vera. qurTuki ecva, am qurTuk-<br />

Si Cargo Tavi da miTxra: oRond<br />

wigni ar damanaxo da yvelafers<br />

gavakeTebo.<br />

marTlac, rodesac raRacis gakeTeba<br />

gviWirs, masze saerTod<br />

xels viRebT, ise varT travmirebuli,<br />

bloki gvaqvs, _ rogorc<br />

aseT dros amboben xolme.<br />

amitom Cven SevcvaleT strategia:<br />

imiT viwyebT, risi gakeTebac<br />

bavSvs SeuZlia, magaliTad,<br />

xatviT. Tu xatvisas problema<br />

ar gvaqvs, SegviZlia xatvaSi<br />

nel-nela aso-bgerebi CavrToT,<br />

magaliTad, davxatoT saxli,<br />

romlis TiToeul fanjaraSi<br />

esa Tu is aso iqneba gamosaxuli.<br />

ase xatvisas werasac vswavlobT.<br />

TandaTan, nabij-nabij<br />

vzrdiT datvirTvas. es Zalian<br />

xangrZlivi procesia; gegmis<br />

Sedgenaze bevrad meti dro<br />

ixarjeba, vidre TviTon varjiSze.<br />

gegmis Sedgenaa mTavari,<br />

Torem cotaodeni gavarjiSebis<br />

Semdeg ukve uCvenod, Sin<br />

TviTonve asruleben savarji-<br />

Soebs.~<br />

Sorena mamukaZe: `erTia unareb-<br />

Tan dakavSirebuli problemebi,<br />

rac imas ganapirobebs, rom<br />

bavSvs wera-kiTxva uWirs, meorea

emociuri problemebi. erTic<br />

unda mogvardes da meorec.<br />

`rigian qveynebSi~ ramdenime<br />

specialisti erTdroulad<br />

muSaobs bavSvTan, multidisciplinuri<br />

gundi ikvreba. nevropaTologi,<br />

pedagogi, fsiqologi,<br />

mSobeli erTmaneTTan<br />

SeTanxmebulad moqmedeben,<br />

radgan erT-erTi amaTganis<br />

araadekvaturi damokidebuleba<br />

bavSvis mimarT sakmarisia saimisod,<br />

rom es procesi mTlianad<br />

CaiSalos. ra warmatebasac ar<br />

unda mivaRwio bavSvTan muSaobisas,<br />

Tu, vTqvaT, skolaSi<br />

isev `debils~ eZaxian, yvela<br />

garja wyalSi Cameyreba.<br />

unda Sedges individualuri<br />

akademiuri programa, romlis<br />

mixedviTac bavSvi nebismier<br />

saklaso aqtivobaSi CaerTveba,<br />

iqneba es wera, kiTxva, eqskursia,<br />

dasja Tu waxaliseba. Tumca<br />

sxvebma ar unda igrZnon,<br />

rom misdami raRac gansakuTrebuli<br />

damokidebulebaa _ igi<br />

unda iyos Cveulebrivi, maTi<br />

erT-erTi rigiTi klaseli da<br />

ara raRac gansakuTrebuli, romelzec<br />

maswavlebelic dafe-<br />

Tebulia, mSoblebic. Zalian<br />

mniSvnelovania, rom maTTvis<br />

Sedgenili akademiuri gegma<br />

Cveulebriv akademiur gegmaSi<br />

Seerwyas. mozardi ganicdis,<br />

rom Tavisi TanatolebiviT kargad<br />

ar gamosdis raRac-raRacebi,<br />

amitom saWiroa mSobelic<br />

CavrToT am procesSi da bav-<br />

Svis miRwevaTa adekvaturi Sefaseba<br />

vaswavloT _ man bavSvis<br />

winaSe unda gamoxatos gaxareba<br />

imiT, rom Tundac erTi nabijiT<br />

win waviwieT. fsiqologi im unarebis<br />

gamomuSavebze muSaobs,<br />

romlebic disleqsiis dasaZlevad<br />

aris saWiro, emociur sferosTan<br />

dakavSirebul rekomendaciebs<br />

aZlevs maswavleblebs.<br />

garda amisa, Zalian mniSvnelovania<br />

obieqturi damokidebuleba<br />

bavSvisadmi; ar unda<br />

dagvaviwydes, rom mas, iseve<br />

rogorc nebismier adamians,<br />

marto susti ki ara, Zlieri<br />

mxareebic aqvs. miT umetes, rom<br />

aseT bavSvebs Zalian kargi SemoqmedebiTi<br />

azrovneba, mSve-<br />

47<br />

nieri motoruli da vizualuri<br />

unarebi aqvT, iseTi, mis Tanatolebs<br />

rom SeiZleba arc ki<br />

daesizmroT. amitom imis xazgasma,<br />

rom `Sen es ar gamogdis~,<br />

ar SeiZleba. Tumca yuradReba<br />

ki unda miaqcevino imaze, rom<br />

raRac ar gamosdis; amas ver<br />

wavuyruebT, imitom, rom Tvi-<br />

Tonac grZnobs: iseT simarjves<br />

ver iCens, rogoric moeTxoveba.<br />

mSvidad unda vuTxraT: `es<br />

ar gamogivida da modi, vivarjiSoT,<br />

SeiZleba gamogivides,<br />

magram romc ar gamogivides,<br />

ara uSavs, adamianebs yvelaferi<br />

ki ar gamogvdis!~ es yovelive<br />

ganapirobebs imas, rom<br />

bavSvs adekvaturi damokidebuleba<br />

uCndeba sakuTari SesaZleblobebisadmi,<br />

aRar Riziandeba,<br />

aRar SfoTavs, umjobesdeba<br />

misi TviTSefaseba, klebulebs<br />

agresia sociumisadmi<br />

da igi ufro misaRebi xdeba<br />

TanatolebisTvisac, maswavleblebisTvisac,SinaurebisTvisac.<br />

es meoreuli, emociuri<br />

sferos problemebi swored am<br />

gziT daiZleva.~<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

Stigma-free<br />

dRes saqarTveloSi<br />

Sorena mamukaZe: `rogorc wesi,<br />

maswavleblebma ar ician, ras-<br />

Tan aqvT saqme. ubralod, xvdebian,<br />

rom raRac ver aris rigze.<br />

am bolo dros maswavlebeli<br />

aseT SemTxvevebSi sul ufro<br />

xSirad mimarTavs skolis fsiqologs,<br />

romelsac bavSvze dakvirveba<br />

evaleba, raTa miaxloebiT<br />

gamoicnos, rasTan gvaqvs<br />

saqme, da daadginos, romeli<br />

dargis specialisti unda CavrToT<br />

_ fsiqoTerapevti, neirofsiqologi<br />

Tu sxva vinme. TbilisSi<br />

pedagogebi met-naklebad<br />

informirebulni arian amis Sesaxeb,<br />

magram regionebSi _ sul<br />

ara: bavSvebi dacinvis, abuCad<br />

agdebis obieqtebi xdebian, aravin<br />

fiqrobs maTTvis daxmarebis<br />

aRmoCenaze. pirvel yovlisa,<br />

informirebuloba unda gaizardos<br />

_ yvelam unda Seignos, rom<br />

amgvari bavSvi arc Wkuasustia,<br />

arc zarmaci, ubralod, mas specifikuri<br />

problemebi aqvs, romelTac<br />

mixedva sWirdeba, raTa<br />

daiZlios.<br />

amJamad erT-erT skolaSi, ramiSvilis<br />

saxelobis skolaSi, vaxdenT<br />

inkluzias. Zalian rTuli<br />

iyo maswavleblebTan muSaoba:<br />

maT garkveuli stereotipebi<br />

aqvT Camoyalibebuli imis Taobaze,<br />

Tu rogor unda imuSaon<br />

bavSvTan. Tavidan gvegona, rom<br />

axleburi midgomis sisworeSi<br />

maTi darwmuneba SeuZlebeli<br />

iqneboda, magram sul ori-sami<br />

Tvea, rac am proeqtis ganxorcieleba<br />

daviwyeT, da daujerebel<br />

Sedegs mivaRwieT: axla es<br />

bavSvebi Cveulebriv klasebSi<br />

sxedan! erTi kia, rom manamde<br />

mosamzadebeli samuSaoebi CavatareT:<br />

es iyo treningebi,<br />

winaswari Semzadeba maswavleblebisa<br />

da, rac Zalian mniSvnelovania,<br />

Tanatolebisa, romel-<br />

Ta klasSic aseTi bavSvebi unda<br />

Sesuliyvnen. es imitom aris<br />

saWiro, rom am problemebis<br />

mqone mozardebi sxvanairebi<br />

arian, ara iseTebi, rogoric<br />

Cven varT, da es maT gverdiT<br />

myofma adamianebma unda gaiTvaliswinon.<br />

aris aseTi multfilmi<br />

`nemo~. nemo unarSezRuduli<br />

SesaZleblobebis Tevzia,<br />

erTi farfli mokle aqvs. patarebs<br />

am multfilms vaCvenebdiT,<br />

didebisTvis ki SezRuduli<br />

SesaZleblobis bavSvze gvqonda<br />

moTxroba, romelsac maT vukiTxavdiT<br />

da mere gamogvqonda<br />

daskvna, rom Cven yvelani bevri<br />

ramiT vgavarT erTmaneTs, magram<br />

aseve bevri ramiT ganvsxvavdebiT<br />

kidec erTimeorisgan,<br />

amitom erTmaneTi Cven-Cveni<br />

Zlieri da susti mxareebiT<br />

unda miviRoT. aman araCveulebrivi<br />

Sedegi gamoiRo:<br />

rogorc ki am bavSvebs adekvaturi,<br />

momzadebuli garemo<br />

daxvdaT, rakiRa Tanatolebma<br />

da maswavleblebma Cveni rCevebi<br />

gaiTvaliswines, uproblemod<br />

daiwyo maTi inkluzia.<br />

es procesi sasargebloa ara marto<br />

am bavSvebisaTvis, aramed<br />

danarCenebisTvisac, vinaidan<br />

isinic am dros sxvadasxva tipis<br />

adamianTa mimReblobas<br />

swavloben. mSoblebs hqondaT<br />

pretenziebi, ambobdnen: `Cemi<br />

Svilis gverdiT aseTi bavSvi<br />

ar unda iyos, travmas miayenebs<br />

Cems Svils, ar minda aseTi bav-<br />

Svi dainaxos!~ magram davZlieT<br />

es winaaRmdegoba. yvelaze<br />

mniSvnelovani swored is aris,<br />

rom mimRebloba hqondeT maswavleblebsac,<br />

bavSvebsac da am<br />

bavSvebis mSoblebsac. amis miRweva<br />

SesaZlebelia, risi TvalsaCino<br />

magaliTic ukve gvaqvs.~<br />

disleqsia yvela kulturasa da<br />

socialur jgufSi gvxvdeba.<br />

magram disleqsiis mqone adamianebi<br />

araCveulebrivebi mxo-<br />

48<br />

lod mankier garemoSi Canan _<br />

iseTSi, sadac `sxvanairi~ miuRebelia,<br />

sadac yvela erTmaneTs<br />

unda hgavdes, raTa adamianis<br />

sruluflebiani statusiT<br />

isargeblos.<br />

gaxsovT simRera disneis multfilmidan<br />

`pokahontasi~?<br />

“You think the only people who<br />

are people<br />

Are the people who look and think<br />

like you<br />

But if you walk the footsteps of<br />

a stranger<br />

You’ll learn things you never knew,<br />

you never knew”, _<br />

es qarTulad ase iqneba:<br />

`Sen ggonia, mxolod is xalxia<br />

xalxi,<br />

vinc Sennairad xedavs da<br />

fiqrobs,<br />

magram Tu ucxos nabijebs<br />

auwyob fexs,<br />

iseT rameebs iswavli, rac<br />

aqamde ar icodi~.

avSvze<br />

orientirebuli<br />

samedicino<br />

momsaxureba<br />

xaTuna doliZe<br />

`TiToeuli bavSvis cxovreba dabadebidan<br />

individualuri tempiT iwyebs ganviTarebas.<br />

Cveni valia es procesi ar dairRves. ganvi-<br />

Tarebis procesi uwyvetia da am procesSi<br />

mudmivi progresi mxolod maSin aris<br />

SesaZlebeli, Tu bavSvze zrunvac aseve<br />

uwyvetad da normalurad xorcieldeba~ _<br />

ase daiwyo erT-erTi gamosvla, romelsac<br />

bi-bi-si gadascemda, cnobilma ingliselma<br />

pediatrma da fsiqoanalitikosma d. v. vinikotma.<br />

misi gamosvla saavadmyofoebSi mo-<br />

Tavsebul bavSvebTan dedebis vizits exeboda.<br />

es iyo meoce saukunis 60-iani wlebi.<br />

es is periodia, rodesac bavSvebs mSoblis<br />

gareSe saavadmyofoSi didi xniT aTavsebdnen.<br />

xSirad bavSvisTvis ucnobi iyo misi iq<br />

moxvedris mizezi. ojaxis wevrebTan ganSoreba,<br />

ucxo stresuli garemo da TamaSis<br />

SezRuduli SesaZleblobebi kidev ufro<br />

sevdians xdida maT iq yofnas. sagangaSo<br />

gaxda Cvil bavSvTa sikvdilianobis zrda<br />

rogorc saavadmyofoebSi, aseve ojaxur<br />

pirobebSi. mecnierebma daiwyes kvlevebi,<br />

romlebic bavSvis dedasTan daSorebis<br />

`eqims xelebi imitom ar davuxate nemsi rom ar<br />

gaukeTos avadmyofs~ - 6 wlis biWuna.<br />

49<br />

pro-aqcia<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

pro-aqcia<br />

5 wlis gogona Cveulebriv ase xatavs sakuTar Tavs.<br />

problemebs Seexeboda.<br />

Sedegebma aCvena, rom Cvil<br />

bavSvTa sikvdilianoba sensorul<br />

deprivaciasa da adamianebTan<br />

arasakmaris kontaqteb-<br />

Tan iyo dakavSirebuli. mozrdil<br />

bavSvebSi ki qronikuli<br />

avadmyofobiT gamowveuli<br />

xangrZlivi hospitalizacia<br />

distress, martoobas da stimulaciis<br />

naklebobas iwvevda.<br />

am Sromebma arsebiTi zegavlena<br />

iqonia samedicino momsaxurebis<br />

humanizaciis procesze.<br />

bavSvTa saavadmyofoebSi gamoCdnen<br />

`TamaSis qalbatonebi~<br />

_ ase Searqves saavadmyofos<br />

administraciis mier sagangebod<br />

daqiravebul pedagogebs,<br />

TamaSisa da rekreaciul<br />

Terapevtebs. isini pacient bav-<br />

SvebTan TamaSobdnen da swavla-<br />

Si exmarebodnen maT. am qalbatonebis<br />

movaleoba iyo agreTve<br />

eqimebisaTvis bavSvTa emociuri<br />

da fsiqo-socialuri moTxovnilebebis<br />

swavleba. im dros<br />

TamaSis programas jer kidev<br />

seriozulad ar aRiqvamdnen.<br />

1955 wels nobelis premiis laureatma<br />

amerikelma eqimma fred<br />

robinsma, romelic klivlendis<br />

saavdmyofoSi muSaobda, mniSvnelovani<br />

roli Seasrula am<br />

programis ganviTarebaSi.klivlendis<br />

klinikis<br />

tuberkulozis<br />

ganyofilebaSi<br />

bavSvebs mxolod<br />

imis gamo aTavsebdnen,<br />

rom mSoblebis<br />

mxriv daniSnulebis<br />

zustad Sesrulebis<br />

imedi ar<br />

hqondaT. mkurnaloba<br />

ki kviraSi<br />

erTxel sainfuzio<br />

xsnaris gadasxmasa<br />

da rentgenis sura-<br />

Tis gadaRebaSi<br />

mdgomareobda. sxva<br />

mxriv janmrTeli<br />

bavSvebi xangrZlivi<br />

hospitalizaciiT<br />

gamowveul stimulaciis<br />

seriozul<br />

naklebobas ganicdidnen.<br />

da ai, eqimma<br />

robinsma gadawy-<br />

vita Seecvala am<br />

ganyofilebis<br />

cxovreba. mcire<br />

50<br />

grantis saSualebiT man skolamdeli<br />

asakis bavSvTa aRmzrdeli,<br />

cnobili pedagogi ema<br />

planki daiqirava. robinsis<br />

survili iyo ema planks, konsultant<br />

eqimTan erTad, iseTi<br />

programa Seeqmna, romelic am<br />

bavSvebis socialur, emociur da<br />

ganaTlebis moTxovnilebebze<br />

iqneboda orientirebuli.<br />

programa imdenad warmatebuli<br />

aRmoCnda, rom saavadmyofoSi<br />

specialuri ganyofilebac<br />

gaixsna, romelsac ema planki<br />

Semdgom 22 weliwads xelmZRvanelobda.<br />

am ganyofilebas<br />

60-iani wlebidan bavSvis cxovrebisa<br />

da ganaTlebis ganyofileba<br />

daerqva (Child Life and<br />

Education Department), vinaidan<br />

programam TamaSze da rekreaciaze<br />

ufro farTo amocanebi<br />

moicva: TamaSiT Terapia, bavSvisTvis<br />

misi diagnozis ganmar-<br />

es naxati ki brma nawlavis operaciidan<br />

ramdenime dRis Semdeg aris Sesrulebuli.

kardiologma saguldagulod unda<br />

Seiswavlos rogor muSaobs Cemi guli.<br />

igi jer fonedoskopiT usmens Cems<br />

guliscemas.<br />

(saqarTvelos bavSvTa<br />

janmrTelobaze zrunvis asociacia)<br />

teba, procedurebisTvis momzadeba,<br />

pacientis ojaxze orientirebuli<br />

momsaxurebis uzrunvelyofa.<br />

TandaTanobiT Seiqmna profesiuli<br />

gaerTianebebi da organizaciebi,<br />

ramac am specialobis<br />

profesionalizaciasa da praqtikaSi<br />

mis danergvas xeli Seuwyo.<br />

es moZraoba gansakuTrebiT<br />

70-80-ian wlebSi gafar-<br />

Tovda. akademiuri programebis<br />

ganviTarebam, hospitlebSi internaturisa<br />

da saserTifikato<br />

programebis Camoyalibebam profesiuli<br />

zrdis tempi daaCqara.<br />

ase Seiqmna fsiqo-socialuri<br />

programa, romelic CrdiloeT<br />

amerikaSi pediatriuli dawesebulebis<br />

standarti gaxda.<br />

samedicino momsaxurebis xarisxis<br />

zrdam Seamcira hospitalizaciis<br />

xangrZlivoba. amitom es<br />

programebi pediatriuli jan-<br />

ici rogor unda daiTvalos eqimma ramdeni Jangbadia<br />

sisxlSi? amas eqimebi saturaciis gazomvas uZaxian.<br />

sisxlis aReba sul ar aris saWiro. amisaTvis TiTze patara<br />

stikeri gimagrdeba, romelic wiTlad anaTebs. daaxloebiT<br />

aT daTvlaSi aparatze is ricxvi daiwereba ramdeni<br />

Jangbadic aris Sens sisxlSi.<br />

aba daiTvale ramdeni Jangbadis burTulebi (0 ) maxatia<br />

2<br />

Sarvalze da es ricxvi aparatSi Cawere.<br />

(saqarTvelos bavSvTa janmrTelobaze zrunvis asociacia)<br />

dacvis sistemaSi ufro farTod<br />

dainerga da tradiciuli stacionaruli<br />

momsaxurebidan ambulatoriul<br />

da sxva saxis samedicino<br />

momsaxurebazec gavrcelda.<br />

CrdiloeT amerikaSi amJamad<br />

fsiqo-socialuri programebi<br />

4000-ze met pediatriul dawesebulebaSi<br />

arsebobs.<br />

saqarTveloSi, joenis kardioqirurgiul<br />

klinikaSi, am samkurnalo<br />

dawesebulebis daarsebidanve<br />

(1996 wlidan) arsebobs<br />

fsiqologiuri samsaxuri,<br />

romelic pacientis janmrTelobasa<br />

da mkurnalobasTan dakavSirebuli<br />

fsiqo-socialuri<br />

problemebis gadaWrazea orientirebuli.<br />

es servisi Crdiloamerikuli<br />

pediatriuli dawesebulebis<br />

fsiqo-socialuri programis<br />

analogiuria. igi momsaxurebis<br />

51<br />

mraval aspeqts moicavs. esenia:<br />

asakisa da pirovnuli Taviseburebebis<br />

gaTvaliswinebiT pacientisTvis<br />

misi diagnozisa<br />

da mkurnalobisTvis saWiro<br />

samedicino procedurebis<br />

axsna-ganmarteba, samkurnalod<br />

Semzadeba, stresuli procesebis<br />

dros mxardaWera, emociuri<br />

Tanadgoma, Terapiuli<br />

TamaSebi, ganviTarebisa da<br />

garemos normalizaciisaTvis<br />

mniSvnelovani saqmianobebi.<br />

es programa, pirdapir Tu arapirdapir,<br />

zrunavs saavadmyofoSi<br />

moTavsebuli bavSvis ke-<br />

TildReobaze, misi mTavari<br />

mizani janmrTelobis problemebiT<br />

da saavadmyofos rutiniT<br />

gamowveuli fsiqologiuri<br />

garTulebebis prevencia da<br />

stresis Semcirebaa.<br />

2007 wels joenis samedicino<br />

centris bazaze saqarTvelos<br />

bavSvTa janmrTelobaze zrun-<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

pro-aqcia<br />

vis asociacia Seiqmna. am organizaciis<br />

ZiriTadi amocana<br />

pediatriul dawesebulebebSi<br />

bavSvze orientirebuli samedicino<br />

momsaxurebis ganviTarebaa.<br />

es gulisxmobs pediatriul<br />

dawesebulebebSi asakobrivi<br />

moTxovnilebebis Sesatyvisi<br />

garemos Seqmnas da janmrTelobasTan<br />

dakavSirebuli fsiqologiuri<br />

da socialuri problemebis<br />

gadaWraze orientirebuli<br />

axleburi momsaxurebis<br />

danergvas.<br />

swored am mizniT asocicaciam,<br />

aSS-is saelCos finansuri mxardaWeriT,<br />

moiwvia eqsperti, profesiuli<br />

sabWos `Child Life<br />

Council~-is wevri andrea manjione<br />

sTendiSi. misi vizitis dros<br />

moewyo treningebi bavSvTa saavadmyofoSi<br />

momuSave fsiqologebisTvis,<br />

gaimarTa am programis<br />

prezentacia samedicino<br />

wris warmomadgenlebisaTvis,<br />

Sedga mniSvnelovani Sexvedre-<br />

saavadmyofo potenciurad<br />

inteleqtualuri stimulaciis<br />

adgilia. aq bavSvebs garemos<br />

axal aspeqtebTan urTierTobis<br />

SesaZlebloba eZlevaT. magram<br />

xandaxan am SesaZleblobebis<br />

praqtikulad gamoyeneba ar<br />

xdeba. metic es gamocdileba<br />

xSir SemTxvevaSi uaryofiTad<br />

moqmedebs bavSvebis<br />

inteleqtualur ganviTarebaze.<br />

10 wlis biWunas naxati joenSi Semosvlisas da opeeraciis Semdeg.<br />

umetes SemTxvevaSi bavSvs ar uxsnian mosalodnel procedurebs. igi<br />

cdilobs TavisiT moipovos es informacia,<br />

romelic umravles SemTxvevaSi arasruli an damaxinjebulia.<br />

bi im pirebTan, romelTac SeswevT<br />

Zala ufro srulyofili<br />

gaxadon pediatriuli dawesebulebebis<br />

momsaxureba saqarTveloSi.<br />

andrea manjione sTendiSi:<br />

`kvlevebis Tanaxmad, bavSvze<br />

orientirebuli samedicino<br />

momsaxureba pacients rogorc<br />

fizikur, aseve fsiqologiur<br />

gajansaRebaSi exmareba, kerZod,<br />

izrdeba sakuTar TavSi misi<br />

darwmunebuloba, ukeT mimdinareobs<br />

eqimTan TanamSromloba,<br />

pacienti damyoli xdeba,<br />

iolad umklavdeba stress, uqreba<br />

SfoTianoba, SiSi, naklebia<br />

operaciisSemdgomi garTulebebi,<br />

mcirdeba reabilitaciisTvis<br />

saWiro da medpersonalis<br />

mier daxarjuli dro, klebulobs<br />

sedaciuri da tkivilgamayuCebeli<br />

medikamentebis<br />

gamoyenebis saWiroebac. momaval<br />

eqimebs, Cveni klinikis rezidentebs,<br />

sul veubnebi: Tqveni<br />

umTavresi amocanaa umkurnaloT<br />

sxeuls da Tavidan<br />

52<br />

aiciloT daavadeba. Cveni amocanaa<br />

vumkurnaloT bavSvis fsiqikas<br />

da Tavidan avaciloT mas<br />

fsiqologiuri garTulebebi.<br />

amrigad, Tqveni da Cveni prioritetebi<br />

sxvadasxvaa. roca<br />

Tqvens saqmes akeTebT, ifiqreT<br />

imaze, zians xom ar ayenebT<br />

bavSvis pirovnebas. imedi maqvs<br />

ise daeuflebiT Tqvens profesias,<br />

rom SeZlebT bavSvis sxeulis,<br />

gulisa da sulis erTdroulad<br />

gankurnebas~.

News<br />

News<br />

News<br />

News<br />

yuranis<br />

axali qarTuli Targmani<br />

53<br />

axali ambebi<br />

16 ivniss kulturul urTierTobaTa centr `kavkasiur<br />

saxlSi~ gaimarTa yuranis axali, rigiT meore, qarTuli<br />

Targmanis prezentacia (yuranis pirveli, petre<br />

mirianaSvilis mier frangulidan gadmoRebuli qar-<br />

Tuli Targmani 1906 wels gamoica). muslimTa upirvelesi<br />

wignis axali Targmani kavkasiuri saxlis islamuri<br />

kulturis Semswavleli centris xelmZRvanelma,<br />

Tbilisis iv. javaxiSvilis universitetis asocirebulma<br />

profesorma, giorgi lobJaniZem arabuli<br />

enidan Seasrula.<br />

giorgi lobJaniZe: yuranis qarTul enaze Targmnis<br />

idea spontanurad daibada: universitetSi mesame<br />

kursze qalbaton Tina margvelaSvilis xelmZRvanelobiT<br />

gavdiodi kurss `yuranis arabuli~ da rodesac<br />

ramdenime sura wavikiTxe, Zalian momxibla teqstis<br />

poeturobam da misma mxatvruli sityvis Zalmosilebam.<br />

gadavwyvite yuranis Targmna, Tumca maSin, dednis<br />

STabeWdilebidan gamomdinare, poetur Targmans<br />

vakeTebdi. universitetis damTavrebis Semdeg swavla<br />

TeiranSi gavagrZele da mivxvdi, rom im viTarebaSi,<br />

rodesac ar gvaqvs yuranis kargad komentirebuli<br />

gamocema, didi fufuneba iqneboda gvqonoda poeturi<br />

Targmani, da gadavwyvite sityvasityviT Targmanze,<br />

anu filologiur Targmanze, muSaoba damewyo. es<br />

samuSao Tormet welze met xans gagrZelda.<br />

vfiqrob, sazogadoebas am TargmanTan dakavSirebiT,<br />

araerTgvarovani damokidebuleba eqneba. Tumca gulwrfelad<br />

da SeiZleba gulubryvilod mjera, rom am<br />

faqts, rogorc did kulturologiur movlenas, yvela<br />

aRiarebs.<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

axali ambebi<br />

54<br />

Targmanis mizani iyo xalxs saSualeba<br />

miscemoda qarTul enaze gascnoboda am<br />

wigns. arcerTi religia ar aris saSiSi,<br />

saSiSia e.w. zepiri religia, romelic<br />

raRac adaTebis saxiT vrceldeba. xSirad<br />

ama Tu im religias iseT rames miaweren,<br />

rac misTvis sruliad ucxoa. yuranis qar-<br />

Tuli Targmani mkiTxvel sazogadoebas<br />

sxvagvar warmodgenas Camouyalibebs islamis<br />

Sesaxeb, es ki saqarTvelos saSualebas<br />

miscems, rom swori orientirebi moiniSnos<br />

muslimur samyarosTan urTierTobisas.<br />

naira gelaSvili, `kavkasiuri saxlis~<br />

direqtori: upirveles yovlisa es aris<br />

qarTuli islamistikisa da qarTuli<br />

yuranologiis didi SenaZeni, Tumca vTvli,<br />

rom es gamocemac Zalian dagvianebulia.<br />

evropul qveynebSi araCveulebrivad<br />

ganviTarebulia aRmosavleTmcodneoba,<br />

islamistika, yuranologia da evropul<br />

enebze yuranis ramdenime Targmani<br />

arsebobs. es dargebi, miTumetes,<br />

ganviTarebuli unda iyos CvenTan, radgan<br />

muslimur qveynebs uSualod vemezoblebiT.<br />

garda amisa, aq sxva interesic unda<br />

iyos gaTvaliswinebuli _ qristiani qar-<br />

Tvelebis garda muslimi qarTvelebic<br />

arseboben, saqarTveloSic da saqarTvelos<br />

gareTac, ase rom, SeiZleba qveynad qarTveli<br />

muslimi metic kia, vidre qarTveli<br />

qristiani, rac Cven gansakuTrebuli kulturuli<br />

da samecniero strategiis SemuSavebisken<br />

gvibiZgebs, radgan aucilebelia<br />

TurqeTSi, iranSi, Sua aziaSi an sxvagan<br />

mcxovrebi qarTvelebi ar gavidnen Cveni<br />

enobrivi sivrcidan. qarTveli xalxis<br />

cnebac erTiani unda iyos, yvela diasporas<br />

unda moicavdes da qarTvelebad ar unda<br />

moviazrebdeT marto maincdamainc amJamindel<br />

saqarTveloSi mcxovreb xalxs. es Targmani<br />

imiTac Zalian mniSvnelovania, rom<br />

saingiloSi Tu Cvens aWaraSi mcxovreb<br />

muslim qarTvelebs, agreTve pankisis xeoba-<br />

Si mcxovreb qistebs, romlebisTvisac<br />

ganaTlebis ena qarTulia da ara rusuli<br />

Tu arabuli, saSualeba eqnebaT qarTulad<br />

waikiTxon yurani.

yvelgan, ara marto qarTul sazogadoebaSi, aramed<br />

muslimebTanac, sadac yurans ar kiTxuloben da<br />

yurmokrul cnobebs sjerdebian mis Sesaxeb, Cndeba<br />

mcdari Sexedulebebi da interpretaciebi. swored<br />

yuranis damaxinjebuli gagebidan modis agresia,<br />

`saRvTo omi~. Tundac mxolod amitom aris aucilebeli<br />

am wignis Targmanis arseboba.<br />

kulturul urTierTobaTa centris _ `kavkasiuri<br />

saxlis~ _ moRvaweobis mTavari mizani samSvidobo<br />

politikaa. samSvidobo politika, upirveles yovlisa,<br />

Seni mezobeli xalxis an SenTan mcxovrebi<br />

araqarTvelebis kulturuli monapovaris gacnobas<br />

niSnavs, radgan mxolod am SemTxvevaSi xdeba es<br />

xalxebi SenTvis axlobeli da dasafasebeli. amitom<br />

vfiqrob, rom Targmani da, sazogadod, kulturuli<br />

urTierTobebi ufro metad aaxloebs xalxebs, vidre<br />

politika. kulturuli urTierToba sulier<br />

erTobas qmnis.<br />

oTxi wlis win SevimuSaveT proeqti `islamuri<br />

kulturis Semswavleli centri kavkasiaSi~. es<br />

mravalwliani proeqti Cvenma megobarma, evropulma<br />

fondma `horizontma~ daafinansa. es fondi imiTac<br />

Zalian gamorCeulia, rom igi Cvens mTel saganmanaTleblo,<br />

mTargmnelobiT da kulturul programas<br />

afinansebs. dRes Zalin Znelia vinmes aseTi<br />

tipis proeqtebi daafinansebino. swored am proeqtis<br />

farglebSi gamoica yuranis akademiuri Targmani,<br />

romelsac darTuli aqvs sakmaod vrceli sunituri<br />

da Siituri komentarebi. xorcieldeba meore<br />

proeqtic _ unda gamoices muhamedis cxovreba,<br />

romelic Zalian gasagebi da xelmisawvdomi iqneba<br />

xalxisTvis. yuranis qarTuli Targmanis gamocema<br />

istoriuli faqtia da muslimi xalxis mimarT did<br />

pativiscemas gamoxatavs. swored aseTi proeqtebi<br />

aaxloebs xalxebs erTmaneTTan da, vfiqrob, am<br />

mimarTulebiT isev gavagrZelebT muSaobas.<br />

55<br />

News<br />

News<br />

News<br />

News<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

axali ambebi<br />

News<br />

News<br />

religiaTmcodneTa<br />

saerTaSoriso simpoziumi<br />

saqarTveloSi ukve meore welia tardeba `religiaTmcodneTa<br />

saerTaSoriso simpoziumi~, romlis organizatori<br />

sulxan-saba orbelianis saxelobis Teologiis, filosofiisa<br />

da istoriis institutia.<br />

nugzar bardaveliZe: SarSan, 17-18 maiss, pirvelad Catarda<br />

saerTaSoriso simpoziumi saxelwodebiT `saqarTvelo _ religia<br />

da Tanamedroveoba~. gadavwyviteT am simpoziumis,<br />

rogorc tradiciis, damkvidreba. meore simpoziumi wels,<br />

isev maisSi CavatareT. monawileobis miRebis msurvelTa<br />

ricxvi, wina welTan SedarebiT, gacilebiT gaizarda. pirveli<br />

Tematuri simpoziumi 14-15 ivniss Catarda saxelwodebiT<br />

`religiaTaSorisi dialogi da globalizaciis problemebi~.<br />

arasamTavrobo organizaciebidan da umaRlesi saswavleblebis<br />

leqtorTagan 18 gamomsvleli<br />

SeirCa, romelTac Zalian saintereso<br />

moxsenebebi waikiTxes. meore Tematuri<br />

simpoziumi gaisisTvis gaimarTeba da<br />

bioeTikas mieZRvneba.<br />

56<br />

minda aRvniSno, rom religiaTmcodneTa<br />

simpoziumi ar aris raime religiuri,<br />

ritualuri saxis Sekreba. warmodgenili<br />

moxsenebebi religiis istoriis, filosofiis,<br />

religiis sociologiisa da fenomenologiis<br />

aqtualur sakiTxebs mieZRvna.<br />

es samecniero xasiaTis Sekrebaa, romel-<br />

Sic ucxoeli momxseneblebic iReben<br />

monawileobas.<br />

pirveli simpoziumis muSaobis procesSi Camoyalibda<br />

`religiaTmcodneebis kavSiri~. masSi gaerTianebulni arian<br />

is mecnierebi, romlebic TavianTi moRvaweobiT, kvlevebiT<br />

religiaTmcodneobasTan arian dakavSirebulebi.<br />

simpoziumebis saqarTveloSi Catarebis mizani CvenSi religiaTmcodneobiTi<br />

azris ganviTarebaa. kavSiris wevrebs<br />

migvaCnia, rom mecnieri sakvlev Temaze muSaobis dros ar<br />

unda gamoxatavdes romelime konfesiis interesebs, aucilebelia,<br />

rom man neitraluri pozicia SeinarCunos.<br />

saorganizacio komiteti xels Seuwyobs msgavsi RonisZiebebis<br />

Catarebas regionebSi, Tu amis survils romelime arasamTavrobo<br />

organizacia an umaRlesi saswavlebeli gamoTqvams.<br />

simpoziumis masalebis krebulis saxiT gamoicemac<br />

igegmeba saorganizacio komitetis mier.

arasamTavrobo organizaciam `axalgazrduli alternativa~,<br />

romelic arasamTavrobo organizaciis `socialur<br />

mecnierebaTa axalgazrduli asociaciis~ bazaze<br />

Camoyalibda, 15 ivniss sastumro `TorSi~ qarTuli<br />

eleqtronuli mediis monitoringis Sedegebis<br />

prezentacia gamarTa, monitoringisa, romelic proeqtis<br />

`erovnul umciresobaTa problemebi saqarTveloSi~<br />

(mxardamWeri organizacia `fridrix ebertis<br />

fondi~) farglebSi ganxorcielda.<br />

erTTviani mediakvleva `eTnikuri umciresobebi<br />

qarTul sainformacio sivrceSi~ oTx wamyvan qar-<br />

Tul telearxs moicavda (`rusTavi-2~-s, `saqarTvelos<br />

sazogadoebriv mauwyebels~, `mzesa~ da `imeds~).<br />

kvlevis mizani imis gamovlena iyo, ra adgili ukavia<br />

teleprogramebSi informacias eTnikuri umciresobebis<br />

Sesaxeb, ra dro eTmoba umciresobebis Sesaxeb<br />

momzadebul siuJetebs rogorc sainformacio, aseve<br />

sxva saxis gadacemebSi, da rogoria wamyvani arxebis<br />

damokidebuleba saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi erovnuli<br />

umciresobebis, kerZod, azerbaijaneli da somexi<br />

mosaxleobis mimarT.<br />

oTxi wamyvani qarTuli telearxis erTTviani monitoringis<br />

ganxorcielebis Semdeg miRebuli Sedegebi<br />

adasturebs, rom saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi azerbaijanuli<br />

da somxuri eTnikuri umciresobebis problemebis<br />

da cxovrebis asaxvas Zalian mcire yuradReba<br />

eTmoba. amis mizezad telearxebis TanamSromelTa<br />

mier Sesabamisi materialuri bazis uqonloba, umciresobebis<br />

Sesaxeb informaciis nakleboba, amgvar<br />

Temebze Seqmnili gadacemebis aramomgebianoba da<br />

sazogadoebaSi maTze moTxovnilebis ararseboba<br />

saxeldeba.<br />

57<br />

News<br />

eTnikuri umciresobebi<br />

qarTul sainformacio sivrceSi<br />

News<br />

News<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

axali ambebi<br />

News<br />

News<br />

News<br />

News<br />

evrokavSiris daxmarebiT<br />

kavkasiuri instituti samxreT<br />

saqarTvelos eTnikur<br />

umciresobebs exmareba<br />

mSvidobis, demokratiisa da ganviTarebis kavkasiuri<br />

instituti iwyebs axali proeqtis „damoukidebeli<br />

media samoqalaqo integraciisaTvis~ ganxorcielebas.<br />

ramdenadac liberaluri demokratiis principebis<br />

matarebeli sazogadiebis CamoyalibebisaTvis<br />

umciresobaTa samoqalaqo integracia erT-erTi<br />

umniSvnelovanesi winapirobaa, kavkasiuri instituti<br />

aseTi mizandasaxulobis proeqtebs didi xania<br />

Tanmimdevrulad axorcielebs.<br />

es proeqti, romelsac instituti samoqalaqo integraciis<br />

fondTan (saqarTvelo), somxeTis sagamom-<br />

Zieblo JurnalistTa asociaciasTan da azerbaijanis<br />

JurnalistTa dacvis komitetTan erTad axorcielebs,<br />

sami wlis ganmavlobaSi 600 000 evromde Rirebulebis<br />

samuSaoebis Catarebas iTvaliswinebs. am<br />

xarjebis 80 procents evrokavSiri faravs.<br />

proeqtit gaTvaliswinebuli miznis misaRwevad sami<br />

ZiriTadi mimarTulebiT gvaqvs dagegmili aqtivobebi.<br />

esenia:<br />

58<br />

adgilobrivi Jurnalistebis profesiuli donis<br />

amaRleba;<br />

maTi CarTva „kavkasiis JurnalistTa qselSi“<br />

iq arsebuli resursebis gamoyenebis miznit;<br />

uSualod proeqtis mizanze orientirebul<br />

profesiul saqmianobaSi Jurnalistebis<br />

xelSewyoba.<br />

Jurnalistebis profesiuli zrdisTvis vgegmavT<br />

treningebs, internetul diskusiebs eqspertebis<br />

monawileobiT, internetul iuridiul konsultaciebs<br />

da internetul interviuebs rogorc saqar-<br />

Tvelos, aseve samxreT kavkasiis mezobeli qveynebis<br />

sazogado moRvaweebTan.<br />

samxreT kavkasiis JurnalistTa qselSi Cveni samizne<br />

jgufis CarTvisaTvis igegmeba JurnalistTa adgi

lobrivi resurscentrebis Seqmna axalcixeSi, axalqalaqSi,<br />

marneulsa da gardabanSi. es centrebi aRWurvili iqneba<br />

Tanamedrove teqnikiT da JurnalistebisaTvis xelmisawvdoms<br />

gaxdis internets, raTa maT internetuli saitis<br />

www.caucasusjournalists.net saSualebiT SeZlon zemoxsenebul<br />

qselSi monawileoba da misi momsaxurebiT sargebloba<br />

statiebze SekveTebis miRebidan dawyebuli, politikosebTan<br />

internetuli interviuebiT damTavrebuli.<br />

Cveni mizania am resurscentrebis bazaze, romelTa menejments<br />

erT-erTi partniori organizacia _ samoqalaqo<br />

integraciis fondi _ ganaxorcielebs, proeqtis dasrulebisas<br />

adgilobriv JurnalistTa avtonomiuri asociaciebi<br />

Camoyalibdes.<br />

proeqti umciresobaTa samoqalaqo integraciis Temaze sxvadasxva<br />

Jurnalisturi produqciis Seqmnac iTvaliswinebs. es<br />

iqneba: samizne jgufis problematikasTan dakavSirebuli<br />

sagazeTo statiebi, romlebsac sami qveynis cnobili gazeTebis<br />

redaqciaTagan Semdgari sagazeTo konsorciumi daukve-<br />

Tavs TavianT gazeTebSi da qselis internetul gverdze<br />

gamosaqveyneblad; interaqtiuli formatis satelevizio<br />

programebi adgilobriv JurnalistTa da samoqalaqo sazogadoebis<br />

warmomadgenelTa monawileobiT; internetuli interviuebi,<br />

romelebsac adgilobrivi sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebisagan<br />

aiReben Tbiliseli, baqoeli da erevneli<br />

Jurnalistebi.<br />

miuxedavad imisa, rom proeqtis ganmavlobaSi bevri da urTierTSemavsebeli<br />

aqtivobaa dagegmili, proeqtis Sedegianoba<br />

mainc im TanamSromlobaze iqneba damokidebuli, romelic<br />

samcxe-javaxeTsa da qvemo qarTlSi dagegmil sxva proeqteb-<br />

Tan unda damyardes, iqneba es samoqalaqo sazogadoebis Tu<br />

saxelmwifos mier gansaxorcielebeli programebi.<br />

59<br />

News News<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />

Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />

}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />

Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />

Solidarität<br />

<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />

<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />

Àìãàðäçèíàä<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

<strong>solidaroba</strong>

N6(15)'07<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

Summary<br />

The first heading of the 15th issue of magazine “Solidaroba” is traditionally “Our Circle”<br />

where we present an article about prisoners who are running a prison’s library and<br />

computer centre.<br />

In this issue our guest is Mr. Robert D. Watkins, UN Resident Coordinator, and UNDP<br />

Resident Representative. He tells us about the UN’s projects in Georgia, human rights<br />

and democratic development in Georgia.<br />

In the heading “Tolerance” we present a text “Human Rights and Universal Responsibility”<br />

by Dalai Lama. The topic of our discussion table is Georgian IDP population,<br />

their social conditions, problems and developmental perspectives.<br />

In this issue Mr. Dimitri Pirbari presents Yezidizm – one of the oldest and interesting<br />

religions. Here you can also get acquainted with the Calvinist church in Georgia. Mr. Mamuka<br />

Komakhia tells the readers about culture and contemporary life of the Caucasian<br />

nations living in Georgia. In Pridon Sakvarelidze’s article you can read about the<br />

experiences of post-Communist countries concerning lustration.<br />

Our heading “Law” presents the short version of the case of ECHR “Golder v. United<br />

Kingdom” which is about the prison disorder.<br />

“Stigma Free” addresses dyslexia – a condition that impairs reading abilities – and<br />

the contemporary methods that can solve this problem.<br />

The readers can also find out about a new project concerning new methods of child<br />

care in pediatric institutions.<br />

In our News we present three pieces of information: the Georgian translation of the<br />

Koran that was published after years of long and hard work, the international<br />

symposium for religious studies held by the Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani Institute of<br />

Theology, Philosophy and History and the new project of Institute of Peace, Democracy<br />

and Development – “Independent Media for Civil Integration”.<br />

<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />

60

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