skolamdeli aRzrdis dawesebulebis fizikuri garemo - Unicef.ge

skolamdeli aRzrdisdawesebulebisfizikuri garemo(principebi da praqtika)

skolamdeli aRzrdisdawesebulebis fizikurigaremo(principebi da praqtika)2010

saxelmZRvanelo momzadebulia 2009 wels.ibeWdeba gaeros bavSvTa fondis (iunisefi) finansuri daxmarebiT.publikaciaSi gamoxatuli mosazrebani sruliad araa aucilebeli asaxavdes gaeros bavSvTa fondisoficialur Tvalsazriss.© saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministroavtorimxatvari-dizaineriredaqtoriTinaTin qavTaraZebuba oGCiauriqeTi gogavamadlobas vuxdiT gaeros bavSvTa fondis skolamdeli ganaTlebiskonsultants nato fanCuliZes standartis SemuSavebaSi Setanili wvlilisaTvis.ISBN 978-9941-0-1627-1

s a r C e v isaxelmZRvanelos Sesaxeb......................................................................................5ZiriTadi principebi da garemos dagegmvismimarTeba bavSvis ganviTarebasTan...............................................................6moZraoba da ganviTareba.......................................................................................8aRWurviloba.................................................................................................................9sanitaruli movla da usafrTxoebisZiriTadi principebi..............................................................................................11garemos usafrTxo mowyobis principebi...................................................13misawvdomoba SezRuduli SesaZleblobismqone pirebisTvis....................................................................................................18skolamdeli ganaTlebisa da aRzrdisdawesebulebebis gare teritoriismowyobisa da usafrTxoebis ZiriTadi principebi.............................20skolamdeli aRzrdisa da ganaTlebisdawesebulebis garemos dagegmviskonkretuli magaliTebi ......................................................................................26

gamoyenebuli dokumentebi:1. Dinchiiska S. (2004) Space in the kindergarten as an intercultural phenomenon,Trakia Journal of Sciences, Volume 2, pp.40-44.2. ПСИХОЛОГИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ. Грейс Крайг 2000г. Издание “Питер”Санкт-Петербург. Москва. Харьков. Минск.3. Montessory M. (1956) Child in the family. New York: Avon Books4. Creating Kindergarten Environment (2000) Early childhood education handbook,Ochamizu University5. samSeneblo standartebi saqarTvelos sajaro skolebis SenobebisTvis(2005) ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saaministro, ganaTlebis proeqti6. skolis movla-patronoba: dagegmvisa da marTvis saxelmZRva nelosaqarTvelos sajaro skolebisTvis (2008) ganaTlebisa da mecnierebissaministro, ganaTlebis proeqti7. Harms, Clifford, Cryer (2005) Playground safety8. Gavin (2005) Safe playground

saxelmZRvanelos SesaxebTqven winaSea sarekomendacio saxelmZRvanelo skolamdeli ganaTlebisada aRzrdis dawesebulebebis (sabavSvo baRebis) garemos dagegmvisada mowyobis Sesaxeb. saxelmZRvaneloSi mokled aris mimoxiluli skolamdeliasakis bavSvis ganviTarebisa da garemos dagegmvis principebis Sesabamisoba.sagangebo yuradReba eTmoba garemos usafrTxoebisa da maszezrunvis ZiriTad sakiTxebs.winamdebare saxelmZRvanelo erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da SefasebiscentrSi Seiqmna. misi gamocema SesaZlebeli gaxda saqarTveloSi gaeros bavSvTafondis mxardaWeriT.am saxelmZRvanelos mizans ar warmoadgens aseTi dawesebulebis garemosdagegmva-mowyobis konkretuli wesebisa Tu normebis (mag., ra tipisavejia aucilebeli da ra adgilas unda ganTavsdes is oTaxSi) karnaxi, aramedmasSi warmodgenilia bavSvis ganviTarebas, garemosa da usafrTxoebasSoris arsebuli mimarTebebi da ZiriTadi principebi.saxelmZRvaneloSi araerTgzisaa xazgasmuli, rom, pirvel rigSi, skolamdeliaRzrdisa da ganaTlebis dawesebulebas unda hqondes sakuTaripedagogiuri xedva da midgoma. swored am midgomidan gamomdinare undaganixilebodes bavSvis ganviTareba, misi etapebi, Sesabamisad daigegmosaRmzrdelobiTi programa da Seiqmnas xelsayreli garemo.gisurvebT warmatebebs!5

ZiriTadi principebi da garemos dagegmvismimarTeba bavSvis ganviTarebasTan2-dan 6 wlamde asakSi xdeba bavSvis sxvadasxvaunaris gansakuTrebulad swrafiganviTareba – magaliTad, metyveleba asociaciuridanlogikurisaken viTardeba, racuSualodaa dakavSirebuli bavSvis gonebrivda fizikur zrdasTan. moZraobebis ganviTarebasada Zalis matebasTan erTad, bavSvsuCndeba survili, es SesaZleblobebi swavlisada garemos Sec nobisaTvis gamoiyenos, xoloes SemecnebiT-orientirebiTi saqmianoba, Tavismxriv, isev fizikuri da gonebrivi moqnilobisada sisxartis gan viTarebas ganapirobebs.bavSvi TanatolebTan erTad ebmebaaqtiur socialur da rolur TamaSebSi, romlebSicTandaTan wesebi da organizebuloba ikveTeba.2-dan 6 wlamde bavSvebs gansakuTrebiT uviTardebaT uxeSi da faqizi(xelis TiTebis zusti da natifi moZraobebi) motoruli unarebi. uxeSmo torul unarebs isini xvewen sirbiliT, xtunviT, ZromialiT, qanaobiT,velosipedze jdoma-seirnobiTa da sxv., xolo xelebis natif moZraobebs–xatviT, ZerwviT, xelgarjilobiT, makratlis xmarebiT, damoukidebeliWamiT (kovzis, Canglis xmarebiT) da a.S.aRniSnul asakSi SeuZlebelia gaimijnos bavSvis fizikuri, motorulida emociuri aRqmis ganviTareba gonebrivi ganviTarebisagan. magali-Tad, rodesac bavSvi tyeSi morze gadis, is erTdroulad swavlobs wonasworobisSenarCunebas, Seimecnebs siviwrovis gonebriv gagebas, amavedros, mas uCndeba sakuTari SesaZleblobebis emociuri gancda da uvi-Tardeba Tavdajerebuloba.skolamdeli ganaTlebisa da aRzrdis dawesebuleba warmoadgens aqtiuricxovrebis, TamaSis, swavlisa da muSaobis garemos. is unda iTvaliswinebdes,astimulirebdes yvela zeomoaRniSnul asakobriv Taviseburebasda xels uwyobdes maT harmoniul ganviTarebas.arsebobs garemos dagegmvisa da, Sesabamisad, bavSvis qcevaze misizegavlenis ramdenime martivi principi, romelic adamianis SegrZnebebisada misi garemoSi orientaciis Taviseburebebidan gamomdinareobs: garemounda axdendes bavSvis zomier stimulirebasa da orientirebas, is ar undaiyos gadatvirTuli da ar unda abnevdes bavSvs.6

struqturirebuli da dagegmili garemo awvdis bavSvs saxvadasxvaminiSnebebsa da orientirebs. amdenad, maswavleblis mier oTaxis sivrcismowyoba TiToeuli konkretuli jgufis saWiroebebs, pedagogiur miznebsada bavSvis Taviseburebebs unda eyrdnobodes.bavSvisTvis gankuTvnili sivrce SeiZleba zogadad ramdenime nawiladdaiyos, Tumca es dayofa, Senobis gegmarebis Taviseburebebidan gamomdinare,cvalebadia:•Semosasvleli zona – adgili, sadac bavSvi pirvelad Semodis ba RisSenobaSi, icvlis fexze an ixdis quCis zeda tanisamoss; am zonisarseboba sasurvelia sanitaruli TvalsazrisiTac – quCidan Semotanilimtveri da talaxi oTaxebSi rom ar moxvdes.•ZiriTadi oTaxi, sadac bavSvebi TamaSoben, swavloben, SeiZlebasaW melsac ki miirTmeven da umetes dros atareben.•sanitaruli da samzareulo zonebi - Senobis dagegmarebidan gamomdinare,samzareulo SeiZleba gaerTianebuli iyos ZiriTad oTax-Tan, magram sasurvelia, rom mravalulufiani sadilis mosamzadebladsagangebo samzareulo oTaxi calke gamoiyos; sapirfareSoda xelsaban oTaxebSi gasvla SeiZleba xdebodes ZiriTadi oTaxidanda yvela oTaxs sakuTari sapirfareSo hqondes.maswavleblisa da administraciis oTaxi;•4 jgufs SeiZleba hqondes erTi Sesasvleli.gasaTvaliswinebelia Semdegi Taviseburebebi:•sabavSvo dawesebulebis miwiszeda sarTulebis simaRle unda iyosaranakleb 3 metrisa.•sasurvelia, rom saTamaSo, jgufur da saZinebel saTavsebSi xerxdebodesorpiri an kuTxuri ganiaveba.•sabavSvo skolamdeli dawesebulebebis ZiriTad Senobebsa da oTaxebSiunda iyos bunebrivi ganaTeba. damatebiTi xelovnuri ganaTebadasaSvebia mxolod sapirfareSosa da misaRebSi.•calmxrivi ganaTebis SemTxvevaSi jgufebis oTaxebis rekomendebulisiRrme mxolod 6 metria, xolo ufro Rrma SenobebisTvisaucilebelia fanjrebis ormxrivi, paraleluri an kuTxuri ganlageba.•arasasurvelia, rom samzareulos, samrecxaos, sapirfareSos fanjrebiganTavsdes jgufebis, saTamaSo da saZile oTaxebis fanjrebisqveS.oTaxis sivrcis dagegmva da gaazreba sxvadasxva principiT SeiZlebamoxdes, magaliTad:1) saqmianobis xasiaTis mixedviT: oTaxis garemo SeiZleba daiyos sa -7

skolamdeli aRzrdis dawesebulebis fizikuri garemoTamaSo, SemecnebiT da sxva sivrceebad. farTobi, agreTve, SeiZleba gaimijnosjgufuri da individualuri muSaobisaTvis;2) misawvdomobis principis mixedviT: usafrTxo saswavlo da saTamaSomasalebi (qaRaldebi, furclebi, fanqrebi) SeiZleba moTavsdes bav-SvebisaTvis nacnob martiv konteinerebsa da yuTebSi, rom le bic patarebisaTvisadvilad misawvdom adgilebze (magidebze, Taroebze) iqnebaganTavsebuli.miniSnebebi oTaAxis sivrceSi - oTaxis sivrce da masalebi SeiZlebazed miwevniT struqturirdes garemos organizaciis da masSi bavSvis orientaciisgaumjobesebis mizniT; amisTvis SegviZlia gamoviye noT martivi,bavSvis asakis Se sabamisi naxati-simboloebi; zemoT naxsenebi masalebisyu Te bi SeiZleba aRiniSnos Sesaferisi naxati-simboloebiT, rom bavSvi adviladmixvdes, ra aris masSi da swrafad miagnos sa Wiroebis SemTxvevaSi.garda amisa, karadebze, romlebSicsvadasxva samuSao ansas wavlo ma salebia Senaxuli,rac usafrTxoa da bavSvebisTvisaris gankuTvnili, SeiZlebagakeTdes miniSneba-sim boloebi;es gacilebiT aadvilebsbav Svis garemoSi orientacias,zogavs dros da, rac mTavaria,aniWebs bav Svs damoukidebladmoqmedebis saSualebas.moZraoba da ganviTarebagaremos SegrZnebiTi maxasiaTeblebi da maTi mimarTeba bavSvi ganviTarebasTan.Tanamedrove ganaTlebis Teoriis centraluri principi xazs usvamsbavSvis socialuri ganviTarebis aucileblobas da TanatolebTan Tanaarsebobisunarebis xelSewyobas (Краийг, 2000).maria montesoris azriT, ar arsebobs garemo, romelsac bavSvi moergeba,radgan igi cxovrobs ufrosebis garemoSi. magaliTad, bavSvsa da garSemomyofobieqtebs Soris arsebuli sxvaobis gamo, igi ver amyarebs kavSirsam obieqtebTan da, Sesabamisad, ver aRwevs bunebriv ganviTarebas (Montessory,1956). nivTebis morgebul zomebze Cven Semdeg TavSi vi saubrebT, xoloaq unda aRvniSnoT garemos `SegrZnebiTi simdidris“ mniSvneloba bavSvisganviTarebisaTvis. aucilebelia, rom baRis oTaxis garemo sTavazobdes8

avSvs misi unarebis mastimulirebel da gamamdidrebel nivTebsa Tu masalebs.mravali avtoris azriT, bavSvebisaTvis saTamaSod Segrovili bunebrivimasala – xe, qva, barda da girCebi bevrad ufro mdidar da, racmTavaria, bunebriv SegrZnebebs iwvevs bavSvebSi, vidre mxolod xelovnurimasalebisgan damzadebuli saTamaSoebiT TamaSi.2-dan 6 wlamde asakSi garemo unda iZleodes bavSvis mdidari fantaziisgamovlenisa da ganviTarebis saSualebebs: roluri, jgufuri daindividualuri TamaSebis SesaZleblobas. amisTvis garemo kargad undastruqturirdes, amasTan erTad, unda iyos saWiro masalebi- saTamaSo (SeiZlebanamdvilic, magram usafrTxo) sayofacxovrebo nivTebi, samagidoTamaSebi, naWrebi, qudebi, mosasxamebi warmodgeniTi da roluri TamaSebisTvis,agreTve kubebi konstruqciuli inteleqtisa da fantaziis ganvi-TarebisTvis.ra Tqma unda, mniSvnelovania agreTve ganaTebis intensivoba da oTaxiskedlebis feri. miuxedavad imisa, rom dRevandel dRes adre popularuli`ferTa zemoqmedebis Teoria“ aRar iTvleba aqtualurad, maincar aris sasurveli mkveTri da mWaxe ferebiT oTaxis SeRebva, radgan esdamRleli da mosabezrebelia.aRWurviloba`ufrosebis garemosTan“ disbalanss qmnis ara marto gansxvavebulizomebi, aramed ufro metad is, rom aRniSnuli garemo gavlenas axdensbavSvis moZraobebis simardeze, siswrafeze. montesori ambobs, rom baRisoTaxi morgebuli unda iyos bavSvis fizikur da fsiqikur saWiroebebs- aveji unda iyos msubuqi da moxerxebuli, rom bavSvma SeZlos misiadvilad gadaadgileba; suraTebi unda ekidos iseT doneze, rom bavSvmakomfortulad Sexedos maT. es principi unda gavrceldes garemoSiarsebul yvela nivTze: aveji, romelsac bavSvi moixmars, advilad undaiwmindebodes da irecxebodes. montesoris azriT, amas ara marto higienuriTvalsazrisi udevs safuZvlad, aramed bavSvebSi pasuxismgeblobisada sakuTari moxmarebis nivTebze zrunvis Cvevis ganviTareba.bavSvebis samuSao, saTamaSo, saxatavi Tu xelgarjilobis magidebisada skamebis SerCevisas unda gaviTvaliswinoT maTi simaRle bavSvebis asak-Tan mimarTebiT:•pirvel rigSi, maTi forma usafrTxo da mosaxerxebeli unda iyos- gverdebi momrgvalebuli da ara basri marTi kuTxis; sadgamimyari, xolo zedapiri – zedmiwevniT moxvewili.9

skolamdeli aRzrdis dawesebulebis fizikuri garemo•Tu bavSvis simaRle 112-127 sm–ia. magidis simaRle 52, xolo skamisa30 sm unda iyos;•ufro maRali bavSvisTvis, romlis simaRle 127-142 sm–ia, magidissimaRle 58, xolo skamisa 34 sm unda iyos;aRniSnul zomebze mcire magidebisa da skamebisdadgma ar aris mizanSewonili, radgan bavSvebiZalian swrafad izrdebian da patara skamzejdoma xerxemlisa da kunTebisaTvis didad sazianoa.baRis aveji unda esadagebodes im pedagogiurmidgomasa da aqtivobebs, romlebic miRebuliakonkretul skolamdel dawesebulebaSi.Tumca nebismier SemTxvevaSi gasaTvaliswinebeliaramdenime punqti:10•avejis Taroebi da saTav se bi patarebisaTvismisawvdom simaRleze unda iyos, rom maT damoukidebladSeZlon TavianTi saTamaSoebisa dasaswavlo nivTebis gadmoReba;•arasabavSvo aveji myarad unda iyos midgmulian mimagrebuli kedelze, rom TamaSis dros, Tuzed aZroma an misi gadaaadgileba scades, argadayiravdes;•sasurvelia, rom bavSvis ZiriTad samyofoTaxSi, romelic SeiZleba gamoiyenebodes saTamaSod,SemecnebiT-SemoqmedebiTi aqtivobebisTvisda sasadilodac ki, ganlagdes mravalfunqciuriaveji, romelic miscems bavSvebs saSualebasar isxdnen mTeli dRis ganmavlobaSi skamebzeerT pozaSi, rac Zalian sazianoamaTi ganviTarebisTvis.magaliTad, SeiZleba Se varCioTiseTi aveji, ro melzecbavSvebi wa mowvebian, saxeldobr,ma tebi, leibebi; dadgebianfexze warmosaxviTiTamaSis an xa t vis dros;•garda amisa, auci lebladunda SeiZlebodes aRWurvi-

lobisa da avejis gadaadgi leba,raTa oTaxis sivrce gaTavisufldesTamaSisa da sxva moZravi aqtivobisaTvis.es aris ZiriTadi principebi,Tumca vimeorebT, skolamdeliaRzrdis dawesebulebis oTa xisaRWurva mniSvnelovnadaa damokidebuliim pedagogiur mid gomaze,romelsac mocemuli dawesebulebaiziarebs. zogierTi baRis oTaxebi ufro saklaso oTaxs gvagonebs, xolosxvebisa – mxatvrebis saxelosnoebs.wina Semosasvleli zona (romelic SeiZleba yvela oTaxs Tavisi hqondesan saerTo iyos yvela oTaxisaTvis) aRWurvili unda iyos bavSvebisaTvisSesabamisi zomis dasajdomi skamebiT, sakidebiTa da fexsacmelebisSesalagebeli niSebiT.sanitaruli movla da usafrTxoebis ZiriTadi principebisadezinfeqcio-sawmendi qimiuri saSualebebis SerCevasadezinfeqcio-qimiur produqcias adamianebisTvis didi zianis miyenebaSeuZlia; bavSvebi gansakuTrebiT mgrZnobiareni arian aseTi qimiurinaerTebis mimarT, radgan maTi sasunTqi organoebi jer kidev Camouyalibebelia.qimiur saSualebebTan Sexebam SeiZleba sasunTqi gzebisa dacentraluri nervuli sistemis sxvadasxva saxis dazianeba gamoiwvios.sayofacxovrebo qimiis produqcias zianis miyeneba SeuZlia im Sem-TxvevaSi, Tu:axali wasmulia zedapirze;•arasworadaa gazavebuli (zogierTi produqtis gazavebisas gamoiyofamomwamlavi airi);gamoiyeneba gauzaveblad;•inaxeba gauniavebel sacavSi;• tovebs mZime suns. 11

skolamdeli aRzrdis dawesebulebis fizikuri garemomavne nivTierebam bavSvis organizmSi sxvadasxva gziT SeiZleba SeaRwios:CasunTqviT, kanze SexebiT, piris RruSi moxvedriT, da sxva.rogor SevarCioT sayofacxovrebo qimiis saSualebebi? yvela maTganiaraswori gamoyenebisas zianis momtania. amitom aucilebelia etiketzemiTiTebuli instruqciis gaTvaliswineba! aseTi produqciis SeZenisas ramdenimeprincipis dacvaa sasurveli:SeiZineT `mwvane“ ekologiuri niSnis mqone produqti;•nu SeiZenT iseT produqts, romlis etiketi gvamcnobs, rom misigamoyenebisas niRabi, xelTaTmanebi da saTvale unda gavikeToT,radgan es moTxovna nivTierebis maRal toqsikurobasa da aqroladobazemiuTiTebs;•miaqcieT yuradReba iseT sityvebs, rogorebicaa:o CAUTION = saSualo, zomierad toqsikuri;o WARNING = saSualod toqsikuri;o DANGER = feTqebadi/koroziuli,Zlier toqsikuri;o POISON = Zalian Zlieri Sxami;saqarTvelos aRmzrdelobiT dawesebulebebSi ZiriTad sadezinfeqciosaSualebad qloris Semcvlel xsnarebs iyeneben. agreTve kargi sadezinfeqciosaSualebaa saWmeli soda.haeri SenobaSi, misi xarisxi da bavSvis janmrTelobaSenobaSi haeris xarisxobriv mdgomareobas gadamwyveti mniSvlobaaqvs! is uSualo gavlenas axdens SenobaSi myofi sazogadoebis janmr-Telobaze, bavSvebis yuradRebis koncentraciasa da daRlaze. SenobaSihaeris xarisxze mravali faqtori axdens gavlenas _ sawmendi saSualebebisxarisxi, ventilacia, gaTboba, xalxis raodenoba, sisufTave, mosapirkeTebelimasalebi, tenianoba, rbili aveji, saTamaSoebi da a.S.arsebobs e.w. SenobasTan asocirebuli daavadebebis sindromi (SickBuil ding Syndrome) _ rodesac, sxva raime mizezis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi,adamianebi janmrTelobis mwvave gauaresebas SenobaSi gatarebul drosukavSireben. problemebi SeiZleba arsebobdes garkveul oTaxSi, zonaSi anmTel SenobaSi.niSnebi, romlebic Senobis garemoSi problemebis arsebobazemig vi TiTebs•bavSvi diliT arafers uCivis, magram Semdgom, dRis ganmavlobaSimas TandaTan Tavis tkivili uviTardeba an Tavbru exveva;12

•bavSvi Sin dabrunebisas mudam avadaa, daRlili an gaRizianebulia;•asTmiT daavadebuli an sxva respiratoruli problemebis mqonebavSvi aRmzrdelobiTi dawesebulebis SenobaSi CveulebrivzexSirad iyenebs asTmis sawinaaRmdego medikamentebs;•bavSvs uCndeba problemebi an misi janmrTelobis mdgomareobauaresdeba mxolod garkveul dReebSi, magaliTad, gaTbobis sezonisdawyebisTanave;•bavSvi Sin ucnauri suniT gaJRenTili tansacmliT an TmiTbrun deba.aucilebelia, rom aRmzrdelobiTi dawesebulebis movla-patronobazepasuxismgebeli muSakebi yuradRebas aqcevdnen SenobaSi haeris xarisxs,agreTve mikroklimatsa da sxva ZiriTad parametrebs (temperaturas, tenianobasada a.S.)garemos usafrTxo mowyobis principebibavSvebis usafrTxoeba ZiriTadad damokidebulia:Senobis iatakis xarisxze;mowyobilobebisa da avejis xarisxze;karebisa da fanjrebis xarisxze;•Senobis interieris mosapirkeTebeli masalis xarisxze;saevakuacio gasasvlelebis sworad dagegmarebaze;bavSvebis TavSeyris adgilebi, rekreaciuli zonebi:TavSeyris adgilebSi (magram ara aqtiuri TamaSis zonebSi) dagebuliunda iyos mocurebis sawinaaRmdego zedapiri, romelic am Tvisebasdasvelebis SemTxvevaSic SeinarCunebs. aseTi zedapiri SeiZleba iyos:• asfalti;daxerxili bunebrivi qva;• xaoiani zedapiris mqone metlaxi da sxva. 13

skolamdeli aRzrdis dawesebulebis fizikuri garemoar aris sasurveli Semdegi tipis zedapiris gamoyeneba:priala qvis filebi;betoni;maxvilkideebiani filebi;•uxeSi xreSiTavSeyris adgilebSi kolonebsa da kedlis kuTxeebs ar unda hqondeTbasri kideebi da maTi SemCneva advili unda iyos; es piroba Sesruldeba,Tuki kolonisa da kedlis kuTxeebs 5mm-iani radiusis momrgvalebaeqnebaT.saxifaTod SeiZleba CaiTvalos:•karebis amortizatorebi da fiqsatorebi, romlebic kedlidan 15sm-ze metadaa gamoSverili;araTvalsaCinod ganTavsebuli gadaxurvis elementebi;•calkeuli safexurebi da sxva.rodesac erT sivrceSi iatakis doneebs Soris sxvaoba 20 sm-s aRemateba,doneebi erTmaneTisagan sxvadasxva saSualebiT unda gamoiyos;aseT gamomyof saSualebebs warmoadgens:mcenareuli zolebi, buCqebi;• skamebi;moajirebi da sxva.calkeuli safexurebi, romlebic aucilebelia, magram arcTu Cveuladgilasaa, sagangebod unda ipyrobdes yuradRebas, risTvisac SeiZlebagamoyenebul iqnes:kontrastuli ferebi;gansxvavebuli struqturis masala;•safexuris ganaTebebi.im adgilebSi, sadac SesaZlebelia aRsazrdeli 50 sm simaRlidan gadmoxtesan gadmovardes, 2 metris siganeze iatakis safari Tavisufaliunda iyos, xolo, Tu 1 metris simaRlidan bavSvis gadmoxtomis an gad-14

movardnis albaToba arsebobs, maSin 2–metriani siganis Tavisufali zonarbili safriT (mag.balaxis safriT, qviSiT, damcavi xelovnuri zedapiriTda sxva) unda daifaros.TavSeyris adgilebSi kedlebs 2 metris simaRleze ar unda hqondeTbasri kideebi, wvetiani, gamoSverili nawilebi da araferi iseTi,romelmac SeiZleba bavSvs safrTxe Seuqmnas dajaxebisas.aRmzrdelobiTi dawesebulebis teritoriidan gamosasvleli saavtomobilogzas unda gaemijnos:• moajirebiT;mcenareuli gazoniT da sxva;kibeebi da pandusebikibeebiTa da pandusebiT sargebloba safrTxes ar unda warmoadgendes.safexurebs, romlebic damzadebulia priala masalisagan, kideebSiunda hqondeT mocurebis sawinaaRmdego sartylebi da ar unda hqondeTbasri kideebi.SenobaSi dauSvebelia xveuli kibeebis ganTavseba;kibeebs orive mxridan unda mihyvebodes uwyveti moajiri;•Tu kibis sigane 5 m-s aRemateba, kibis SuaSi damatebiTi moajiriunda ganTavsdes;moajirebimoajirebi imgvarad unda daproeqtdes, rom SeuZlebeli iyos maTigamoyeneba Camosajdomad, Camosacureblad, asaZromad da nivTebis dasawyobad.am mizniT moajirebze wvetiani elementebis damontaJeba dauSvebelia.15

skolamdeli aRzrdis dawesebulebis fizikuri garemoiatakebiiatakebi dafaruli unda iyos mocurebis sawinaaRmdego masaliT, romelicsaTanado movlis pirobebSi ar dakargavs Tavis Tvisebebs garkveulidrois ganmavlobaSi;imisaTvis, rom dawesebulebis SenobaSi iatakebi dabinZurebisa dadasvelebisagan davicvaT, Senobis SesasvlelebSi aucilebelia fexis sawmendimowyobilobebis mTel siganeze damontaJeba;iatakebi iseT mdgomareobaSi unda iyos, rom fexis wamokvris saSiSroebaar arsebobdes.fanjrebi da karebi•karebisa da fanjrebis gaReba aranair safrTxes ar unda uqmnidesmoswavleebs. amisaTvis saWiroa specialuri fiqsatorebisada stabiluri Camketebis gamoyeneba; amasTanave, fanjrebi SidamimarTulebiT ar unda iRebodes;•karebisa da fanjrebis saxelurebi moxmarebisaTvis usafrTxounda iyos;•yvela karebi, romelic emsaxureba iseT farTebs, sadac xdebamoswavleebis didi raodenobis koncentracia, unda iRebodes immimarTulebiT, saiTac xdeba moswavleebis gadaadgileba evakuaciisSemTxvevaSi da unda hqondeT Camketebi, romlebic gaiRebauSualod karebze miwolis Sedegad;•karebs iseTi mdebareoba unda hqondes, rom arc daketili da arcRia – saevakuacio gzas ar xergavdes;•dauSvebelia satrialo da ori mimarTulebiT rom iReba, iseTikaris saevakuacio gzebze ganTavseba.•im saTavsebSi, sadac erTdroulad 15 moswavleze meti imyofeba,karis sigane 0.9 m–ze naklebi ar unda iyos.minis elementebiminis tixrebi, romlebic iatakis donidan 2 metris simaRleze undaiyos, aucilebelia damzaddes msxvrevis sawinaaRmdego an iseTi minisagan,romelic msxvrevis SemTxvevaSi adamians safrTxes ar Seuqmnis. Tu Seminulikedeli advilad misawvdomi ar aris, maSin minis sagangebod SerCevissaWiroeba ar arsebobs;minis tixrebi ar iTvleba saxifaTod Tu:•Seminuli kedlis win (minimum 20 sm–is siSoreze) mdebareobsminimum 1 metris simaRlis damcavi barieri;•Seminuli kedeli savali nawilisagan gamwvanebiTaa gamoyofili;16

SuSis karebi da tixrebi, romlebic uSualod iatakis donidan iwyeba,aucileblad advilad SesamCnevi unda iyos yvelasaTvis.CarCodan da tixrebidan aveji usafrTxo manZilze unda iyos dacilebuli.manZili magididan an sxva avejidan Seminul CarComde unda iyosaranakleb CarCos simaRlis naxevrisa, raTa miwisZvrisa da teqtonikurizemoqmedebis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlo Wrilobebi da travmebi Tavidan iqnesacilebuli.sportuli darbazisportuli darbazis iatakisaTvis unda SeirCes iseTi masala, romelicdacemis SemTxvevaSi saxifaTo ar iqneba, magaliTad:damuSavebuli xe;• kauCuki;rezinis Semcvleli xelovnuri safari;sportuli darbazis kedlebi iatakidan 2 metris simaRlemde ar undaiyos mopirkeTebuli uxeSi zedapiriT, romelic dajaxebis SemTxvevaSitravmebs gamoiwvevs. SesaZlebelia kedeli mopirkeTdes xis masaliT, rbilidartymis sawinaaRmdego masaliT.sportuli darbazis minebi da xelovnuri ganaTebis obieqtebi bur-Tis moxvedrisa Tu bavSvis dajaxebis SemTxvevaSi daculi unda iyos dazianebisagan.Sveduri da asacocebeli kedlebi imgvarad unda ganlagdes, rom darbazSiaqtiuri RonisZiebebis Catarebisas safrTxes ar qmnides; amisaTvisSveduri kedlebi niSebSi, kedelTan maqsimalurad axlos unda damontaJdes,amave mizniT SeiZleba zemoT asawevi konstruqciis gamoyeneba.saevakuacio gasasvlelebiSenobis sxvadasxva wertilSi unda arsebobdes ramdenime saevakuaciogasasvleli, romelic advilad sapovni, swrafad da iolad misadgomiiqneba.oTaxebs, romlebSic xanZris riski maRalia (mag:samzareulo, saxelosno),unda hqondeT minimum ori gasasvleli, karebi unda iRebodes garemimarTulebiT da gaReba Signidan nebismier dros unda SeiZlebodes. miwisqvedasarTulze, sardafis momijnave farTobs minimum ori uSualodgareT gasasvleli unda hqondes. am saTavsoebisaTvis SeiZleba moewyospirvel sarTulze amosasvleli damatebiTi kibe, romelic ar iqneba gan-Tavsebuli saerTo kibis ujredSi.17

skolamdeli aRzrdis dawesebulebis fizikuri garemomisawvdomoba SezRuduli SesaZleblobismqone pirebisTvis18 es parametri Seexeba mxolod im bavSvebis kategorias, romlebicinvalidis etliT gadaadgildebian.aRmzrdelobiTi dawesebulebis Senoba SezRuduli SesaZleblobismqone bavSvebisaTvisyvelanairad mosaxerxebeli unda iyos;ZiriTadi aqcenti unda gakeTdes:Sesasvlelebze;kibeebze, pandusebze;• sapirfareSoebze.etlSi mjdom adamians Senobis nebismier saWiro wertilamde damoukideblad,sxva pirebis daxmarebis gareSe unda SeeZlos gadaadgileba.erTsarTulianze maRali Senoba aRWurvili unda iyos liftiT anspecialuri eskalatoriT, romelic gankuTvnili iqneba etliT gadasaadgileblad.Senobis arc erT saWiro saTavsSi ar unda iyos iseTi safexurebi,romlebic xels SeuSlis etliT gadaadgilebas. amisaTvis doneebis sxvaobaZiriTadad unda regulirdebodes pandusebis saSualebiT da arasafexurebiT.ZiriTadi zomebi:karebis minimaluri sigane- 81,5 sm;•derefnis minimaluri sigane erTi etliT gadaadgilebisaTvis -91,5 sm;•derefnis minimaluri sigane ori etliT gadaadgilebisaTvis -152,5 sm;

•etlis 180- 152,5 sm;•pandusebi•gradusiT motrialebisTvis saWiro sivrce/diametriminimaluri farTobi etlisa da misi momxmareblisaTvis - 76 -122sm.axali mSeneblobisas pandu sismaqsimaluri qanobi unda ganisazRvros1:2;•TiToeuli pandusis maqsimalurisimaRle unda ganisazRvros 76sm-iT;•im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac pandusissimaRle ar aRemateba 16 sms,misi daxriloba SeiZleba iyos1:10, xolo 8 sm simaRlis SemTxvevaSi- maqsimum 1:8;•pandusis minimaluri sigane, moajirisan sxva mimdebare elementebisgareSe, unda iyos 91,5 sm;•7.5.2 panduss TavSi da boloSi unda hqondessiganisa, ra siganisac iqneba Tavad pandusi;•baqani, minimum imim SemTxvevaSi, rodesac pandusi icvlis mimarTulebas baqanTan,baqnis minimaluri zomebi unda iyos 152,5 - 152,5sm.moajirebi•Tu pandusis simaRle 15 sm-s aRemateba, mas orive mxridan moajiriunda mohyvebodes;moajiri pandusis paraleluri unda iyos;moajiri kedlidan minimum 4sm-iT unda iyos moSorebuli;moajiris simaRle iatakis donidan 86,5-96,5 sm unda iyos;•moajiris boloebi momrgvalebuli unda iyos.liftebiTu lifti sagangebod etliT gadasaadgilebladaa gankuTvnili, misigamoZaxeba SeiZleba mxolod specialuri gasaRebiT xdebodes, romelicSezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirsa da direqcias eqneba; liftis gamosaZaxebeliRilaki iatakis donidan maqsimum 110 sm-ze unda mdebareobdes.liftis kabinis minimaluri zomebi 137 - 173 sm unda iyos. liftiskabinis arc erTi Rilaki iatakis donidan 137 sm-ze maRla ar unda gan-Tavsdes, raTa etlSi mjdomi Tavisuflad miswvdes nebismier maTgans.19

•sasurvelia, rom teritoria esazRvrebodes sazogadoebriv parksan sxva gamwvanebul teritorias;•sasurvelia teritorias hqondes Sida ezo, romelSic perimetrzeimgvarad iqneba ganTavsebuli Senobebi, rom mzis sxivebis ezoSiSeRweva ar dabrkoldes.•gauSenebel teritoriaze gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnes SemdegidaniSnulebis saTavsebi: fizkulturul-sportuli, saswavlo-sa-TamaSo, sameurneo, avtosadgomi;•teritoriis dagegmarebisas nagulisxmebi unda iyos saxanZro manqanisSemosasvleli, gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnes saxanZro manqanisefeqturad manevrirebisaTvis saWiro pirobebi;•teritoriis dagegmarebisas navaraudebi unda iyos sanagve yuTebisgansaTavsebeli adgili, romelic sasadilo blokis Sasasvlelidanmaqsimum 25 metris moSorebiT unda mdebareobdes.saTamaSo moednis usafrTxo mowyobis Taviseburebebiskolamdeli saswavlo dawesebulebis gare teritoriaze gansakuTrebuliyuradReba unda mieqces saTamaSo, gasarTob an sportuli aqtivobebisaTvisgankuTvnil moedans. aRsaniSnavia, rom aseTi moednis dagegmvisasgaTvaliswinebul unda iqnes bavSvis ganviTarebis Taviseburebebi(mag.asaki) da usafrTxoebis pirobebi. ezoSi mowyobili saTamaSo moednebiaucilebelia bavSvis moZraobebis, koordinaciisa da SegrZnebebis ganvi-TarebisTvis. sxvadasxva masalasTan (qviSa, xe, qva) Sexebisas bavSvi iZens21

skolamdeli aRzrdis dawesebulebis fizikuri garemomravalferovan SegrZnebiT gamocdilebas. bavSvi aseve iviTarebs da avarjiSebsmotorul moZraobebs - wonasworobas, moqnilobas, sirbils, Zromials,Zalas, amtanobas, sivrceSi orientacias da a.S.e.w. msxvili motorikis (moZraobebis) ganviTarebisTvis auci lebelimowyobilobebi orad iyofa: uZravad damontaJebuli mowyobilobebi -saqanelebi, sasrialoebi, asaZromi aRWurviloba, kibeebi da moZravi inventari-burTebi,saxtunaoebi, hulahupebi (satrialo rgolebi), borblianisaTamaSoebi (velosipedi, urika) da a.S.skolamdeli aRzrdis daweseblebis garemos Sefasebis amerikulistandartis mixedviT (Harms, Clifford, Cryer, 2005) skolamdeli aRzrdisdawesebulebaSi bavSvis 8-saaTiani yofnis SemTxvevaSi aucilebelia, rommsxvili motorikis aqtivobebs sul mcire erTi saaTi eTmobodes; dadgenilia,rom saTamaSo moednebze bavSvis travmirebis SemTxvevebi ZalzedxSiria (Gavin 2005). amitom, safrTxis Tavidan asacileblad, daculi undaiyos saTamaSo moednis mowyobis Semdegi principebi:mTavari principia, rom saTamaSo moedanze bavSvi yovelTvis ufrosismeTvalyureobis qveS imyofebodes!garda amisa, moednis Sefasebisas yuradReba unda mieqces:1) moednis zedapirs,2) dizainsa da daSorebas da3) danadgarebis regularul inspeqciasa da movla-patronobas.moednis zedapiri travmebis Tavidan acilebisa da travmatulobisSemcirebis umTavresi faqtoria.saTamaSo moedanze arsebuli danadgarebis qveS zedapiri sakmarisadrbili da sqeli unda iyos, rom bavSvis vardna Searbilos.gasaTvaliswinebelia Semdegi:•saTamaSo moednebis zedapiris masalad betonis, asfaltisa daxreSis gamoyeneba saxifaTo da miuRebelia. balaxi, rbili niadagida datkepnili miwa saTamaSo moednis zeda safarad aseve saxifa-To da miuRebelia, radgan verc amgvari zedapirebi ver arbilebsbavSvis vardnas.•saTamaSo moedanze ar unda gubdebodes wyali da ar unda iyos sam-Seneblo an sxva saxifaTo narCenebi, romlebsac bavSvma SeiZlebafexi wamohkras da waiqces; aseTebia: didi qvebi, xis gadanaWrebida xis fesvebi;22

•zedapiri SeiZleba daifaros naxerxiT, qviSiT, wvrili mrgvalixreSiT, moTibuli balaxiT an daqucmacebuli rezinis masaliT;•aseve dasaSvebia usafrTxo rezinis an rezinis msgavsi masalebisagandamzadebuli zedapirisaTvis gankuTvnili safenebi.•rezinis safenebi da naxerxi yvelaze ukeT uzrunvelyofs, rommoednebi misawvdomi iyos etlSi msxdomTaTvis;•Tu moedanze danadgarebis simaRle 2,5 metria, safris sisqe 30sm-s unda Seadgendes;•yuradReba unda mieqces safari masalis sifxvieres, radgan misidatkepnisas mcirdeba safris vardnis Semarbilebeli efeqti;•safari danadgarebs sul mcire 1,9 metriT unda scildebodes;sasrialos simaRlisa da saqanelas sigrZis gaTvaliswinebiT, Sei-Zleba saWiro gaxdes damatebiTi safris dageba.gaxsovdeT, rom saukeTeso safarsac ki ar SeuZlia yvela saxistravmisagan dacva!moednebis dizaini da daSorebebi danadgarebs SorissaTamaSo moednebi igegmeba ori asakobrivi jgufisaTvis:2–dan 5 wlamde (skolamdeli) da 5–dan12 wlamde (saskolo). yvelaze usafrTxo moednebzeufrosi da umcrosi bavSvebisaTvis gankuTvnili sa-TamaSo zonebi gancalkevebulia erTmaneTisagan daaRniSnulia saTanado niSnebiT.skolamdeli asakis bavSvebma araviTar SemTxvevaSiar unda iTamaSon ufrosi asakobrivi jgufisbav SvebisaTvis gankuTvnil danadgarebze, radgan maTizomebi da proporciebi umcrosebisaTvis Seusabamoa,ramac travmebi SeiZleba gamoiwvios;bavSvTa usafrTxoebis uzrunvelsayofad gTavazobTramdenime punqts, romelic dagexmarebaTdar wmundeT, rom danadgarebi mar Tebuladaa agebulida, amave dros, isini saTanado manZiliTaa erTmaneTisagandaSorebuli:•yvela amaRlebul zedapirze un da iyos moajirebida damcavebi;•76 santimetrze maRali saTamaSo danadgarebierTmaneTisagan sul mcire 2,7 metriT undaiyos daSorebuli;• saqanelebi da moZravi nawilebis mqone sxva 23

skolamdeli aRzrdis dawesebulebis fizikuri garemodanadgarebi danarCeni saTamaSo moednisagan moSorebiT un da iyosdamontaJebuli;•saqanelas TiToeul danayofze mxolod ori saqanao dasajdomiunda iyos;•saqanao dasajdomebi erTmaneTisagan 60, xolo saqanelas sayrdenikonstruqciisgan 76 santimetriT unda iyos daSorebuli;•darwmundiT, rom ar arsebobs iseTi sivrceebi an danayofebi ,romlebSic SeiZleba bavSvs Tavi, xeli, fexi an sxeulis sxva nawili gaeCxiros. danadgarebze nebismieri saxis danayofebs (magaliTad,kibis safexurebs) Soris manZili 9 santimetrs ar undaaRematebodes, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, Tavad danayofebi 23 sm-zeganieri unda iyos;•imisaTvis, rom darwmundeT saqanelebisa da satrialoebis saimedoobaSi,aucilebelia trialisa da gadagrexis adgilebis Semowmeba,raTa xelis an TiTis moyolebis safrTxe gamoiricxos.saTamaSo moedanze saxifaTo danadgarebad miCneulia(Gavin, 2005, Hunt , 2005):cxovelebis formis saqanelebi*;•erTze meti bavSvisaTvis gankuTvnili saqanelebi;saqanao Tokebi, romlebic SeiZleba gacvdes, gaixexos, gaixsnas anCamowydes da Seqmnas maryuJi (saTamaSo moedanze nebismieri saxisToki daxrCobis safrTxis Semcvelad miiCneva, amitom arasdrosar misceT bavSvs ufleba, miabas saxtunao Tokebi an sabelebisaTamaSo danadgarebs!);•tanvarjiSisaTvis gankuTvnili rgolebi da trapeciis formisxelsakidebi;• tramplinebi.saTamaSo moednis inspeqcia da movla-patronobaaucilebelia saTamaSo moednisa da misi danadgarebis sisufTavisa dausafrTxoebis mudmivi kontroli.danadgarebs nawilebi ar unda hqondes motexili;•danadgarebis xis nawilebs ar unda hqondes bzarebi da xaoianizedapirebi;•metalis danadgarebi ar unda iyos daJanguli;* saubaria saTamaSo moednebze, skverebsa da parkebSi ganTavsebul cxovelebis formissaqanelebze da ara atraqcionebsa Tu eleqtro gasarTobebze.24

•Robe, romelic gamoyofs moedans sazogadoebrivi teritoriisagan,ar unda iyos dazianebuli, rom bavSvebi gareT ar gavidnenan maT saval nawilze ar gadairbinon;•gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda eqceodes saTamaSo moednis safars,rom man ar dakargos fxviereba da ar daitkepnos, riTicSemcirdeba misi dartymis Semarbilebeli efeqti. gansakuTrebuliyuradReba unda mivaqcioT vardnis adgilebs (saqanelebis, sasrialoebisqveS). garda amisa, mniSvnelovania, rom saTamaSo danadgarebisgarSemo safari Tanabrad iyos dagebuli, rogorc zemoTaris miTiTebuli;•saTamaSo moednis konstruqciebi medegi masalisagan unda iyosdamzadebuli, rom temperaturul da klimatur pirobebs gauZlosda advilad ar daiSalos.SeamowmeT, xom ar aris moedanze basri sagnebi - metalis narCenebi,ka uWebi; darwmundiT, rom danadgarebis pirebi da zedapirebi kargadaada muSavebuli, ara aqvs Sverilebi, ar aris gamoweuli WanWikebi, riTacdaicavT bavSvebsa Tu maT samoss dazianebisagan. danadgaris arc erTinawili ar unda iyos moSvebuli an gatexili, yoveli maTgani zedmiwevniTunda iyos damagrebuli, plastmassa da xes ar unda emCneodes cveTisa damtvrevadobis niSnebi; gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces saTamaSoqviSis yuTs _ regularulad unda SeamowmoT, xom ar aris qviSaSi minisna texebi, basri joxebi an metalis naWrebi, yuTSi mwerebma da xoWoebmaxom ar daibudes.yuradReba! dRis bolos yuTebi unda daixuros, romcxo velma, magaliTad, katam, qviSa ar daabinZuros.25

skolamdeli aRzrdis dawesebulebis fizikuri garemoskolamdeli aRzrdis da ganaTlebis dawesebulebebisgaremos dagegmvis konkretuli magaliTebimocemul saxelmZRvaneloSi warmodgenili debulebebis sailustraciodgTavazobT skolamdeli aRzrdis sami dawesebulebis konkretulmagaliTs. aRniSnuli dawesebulebebi sxvadasxva pedagogiur midgomas iyenebenda, Sesabamisad, gansxvavebulad gegmaven garemos. dagegmvis principebisukeT gasacnobad vewvieT samive maTgans da administraciis nebarTviTsuraTebi gadaviReT.skolamdeli aRzrdisa da ganaTlebis dawesebuleba №1:skolamdeli aRzrdisa da ganaTlebisam dawesebulebis pedagogiurixedva emyareba `nabij-na bij~(Step by Step) saerTaSoriso meTodologias.am midgomis mixedviT,TiToeul bavSvSi danaxuli da ganviTarebuliunda iqnes misi unikaluriTvisebebi, waxalisdes misiindividualuri arCevani TamaSsa daswavlaSi. es meTodologia gulisxmobsbavSvze orientirebul midgomas,misi mizania bavSvma Seimecnosgaremo, gaiumjobesos akademiuriunarebi, Seiyvaros swavla.gamoyofilia asakobrivijgufebi – 3-4 da 5-6 wlis aRsazrdelebisaTvis,Tumca step-baistepisaswavlo-aRmzrdelobiTaqtivobebs Sereul jgufebSic iTvaliswinebs.jgufis oTaxi dayofiliaaqtivobe bis mixedviT: maTematikiscentri, saojaxo centri, bunebiscentri da a.S. TiToeul centrSi warmodgenilia araerTi vizualuriminiSneba, Tu risi gakeTeba SeuZlia iq bavSvs _ ricxvebis swavla, saxlobanasTamaSi, kubebiT TamaSi Tu sxva. sxvadasxva TvalsaCino masala26

avSvebs awvdis informacias arsebuliweliwadis drois, Tvis,kviris dReebis Sesaxeb, jgufiswevrebidan vin aris im dRes davin ara; kedelze gakrulia oTax-Si qcevis wesebi.didi yuradReba eqceva xatvasada sxva SemoqmedebiT unarebs- Sesabamisad, oTaxebSi aris akvareliTSesrulebuli namuSevrebissaSrobi Taroebi, molbertebi,saRebavebi, Tixa da sxv. gardaamisa, programa iTvaliswinebsinteleqtualur Ta maSebs _ lotos,asawyob fazlebs, figurebs,konstruqtorebs da sxv.bavSvebi sadiloben sagangebodgamoyofil samzareulo-sasadiloSi.gareT mowyobilia saTamaSomoe dani, xolo cudi amindis drosbavSvebi SenobaSi rCebian da TamaSobensportul darbazSi, romelickoncertebisa da RonisZiebebisTvisacgamoiyeneba.sapirfareSo mowyobilia oTaxebisgareT da sa Wiroebis SemTxvevaSibavSvs maswavlebeli mihyveba.27

ilia saTamaSo moedani. gasaxdelzonaSi awyvia qviSaSi saTamaSodgankuTvnili nivTebi.29

skolamdeli aRzrdis dawesebulebis fizikuri garemoaRmzrdelobiTi dawesebuleba № 3:Cven mier monaxulebuli skolamdeli aRzrdis mesame dawesebulebavaldorfis baRia. valdorfis pedagogika miiCnevs, rom pirveli Svidiweli yvelaze mniSvnelovani etapia adamianis cxovrebaSi. es aris fizikurisxeulis Camoyalibebis periodi. Sesabamisad, am pedagogiuri midgomismixedviT, bavSvi mTlianad garemosgan miRebul gamRizianebelzeadamokidebuli da swavlebisZiriTadi forma am asakSi miba-Zvaa. amdenad, am asakSi pedagogikisamocanas warmoadgens bavSvisgaremomcveli samyaros imgvaradmowyoba, rom bavSvma jansaRi damravalferovani SegrZnebebismeSveobiT ganiviTaros misTvisdamaxasiaTebeli mibaZvis unari -es mibaZvis unarze agebuli swavlebisformaa. baRSi Sereuliasakobrivi jgufebia, romlebSicsxvadasxva asakis bavSvebi erTmaneTTanTamaSiT swavloben.sivrce aqac zonebad iyofa,magram xdeba ojaxis, saxlisgaremos imitacia _ warmodgeniliana m d-vili samzareulo, saxlobanassaTamaSo, mosasvenebeli „mzisoTaxi“ da saTa maSo kuTxe.oTaxis amgvarad mowyobaganapirobebs bavSvebis bunebrivCabmas aramarto TamaSSi, aramedyoveldRiur saqmianobaSi _isini survilisamebr exmarebianaRmzrdels naSuadRevs samxrismomzadebaSi _ Wrian vaSls,zelen coms, akeTeben orcxobilas.ramdenime kerZisgan Semdgarisadilis mo samzadebladoTaxebisgan gancalkevebiT arisdidi samzareulo.30

saTamaSoebi sagangebod ubralo masalisaa(xis naWrebi, kenWebi, girCebi,niJarebi, bambis qsovili), rac fantaziauRviZebs da uviTarebs patarebs. saSeni masalaxisaa _ totebi, gadanaWrebi, girCebi;Tojinebi bunebrivi masalisganaa Sekerili,martivi moyvanilobisaa, nakvTebi mxo lodminiSnebulia, rom bavSvis fantzias gasaqanimieces. saxatavi masala, ra Tqma unda,yovel jgufSia, magram is bavSvebisaTvisTavisuflad mi sawv domi ar aris imitom,rom xatvas dRis garkveuli monakveTebieTmoba; bavSvebi xataven mxolod feradi,msxvi li blok-pastelebiT. sa -TamaSo kuTxeSi aris niv Tebi, romlebicbavSvebma warmosaxviTi TamaSebis drosunda gamoiyenon _ fardagi, Sirmebi, romsivrce TavianTi survilisamebr gatixron,moawyon samalavebi, mouaron Tojinebs daa.S. aRsaniSnavia „drois magida“, romelicweliwadis drois mixedviT da/an moaxloebulidResaswaulis (Sobis, axali wlis, aRdgomisaTu sxv.) Sesaferisad irTveba. ammagidis daxmarebiT bavSvebi informirebuliarian weliwadis droebisa Tu maTgarSemo mimdinare sxva movlenebis Sesaxeb.ezoSi mowyobilia wonasworobis ganmaviTarebelisaSualebebi: aiwo na-daiwona,saqanelebi, SesaZromi fardulebi, iqvearis organizebuli sa TamaSod gankuTvniliqviSa.31