proeqtis xelmZRvaneli - Unicef.ge

saqarTvelossoflis meurneobis saministroiodirebuli marilis xarisxis monitoringisruli angariSiproeqtis xelmZRvaneli: qeTevan laferaSvilibiologiis mecnierebaTa doqtoriTbilisi2007 weli1

saqarTvelos mTavrobasa da gaeros bavSvTa fonds (UNICEF) Sorisdadebuli 2006-2010ww. qveynis samoqmedo gegmis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelossoflis meurneobis saministros sursaTis uvneblobis, veterinariisa damcenareTa dacvis erovnuli samsaxuris mier, gaerTianebuli erebisorganizaciis bavSvTa fondis Tbilisis regionaluri ofisisxelSewyobiTa da mxardaWeriT, 2007 wlis seqtember-dekemberSi qveynismTel teritoriaze, regionebis mixedviT, sacalo vaWrobis obieqtebSiganxorciela iodirebuli marilis xarisxis monitoringi.gansakuTrebul madlierebas gamovxatavT gaerTianebuli erebisorganizaciis bavSvTa fondis Tbilisis regionaluri ofisisxelmZRvanelis, qalbaton jovana barberiss mimarT im TanadgomisaTvis,romelic man gamoiCina Cveni qveynis mimarT da romlis ZalisxmeviTa dafinansuri daxmarebiT ganxorcielda aRniSnuli proeqti, madlobasvuxdiT saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ministrs b-n petreciskariSvils, ministris pirvel moadgiles b-n bakur kvezerels,ministris moadgileebs q-n lili begiaSvils da b-n aleqsandre cincaZes,gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis bavSvTa fondis Tbilisisregionaluri ofisis jandacvis oficers, qalbaton Tamar ugulavas,sursaTis uvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacvis erovnulisamsaxuris ufross b-n levan orkoSnels, saqarTvelos ekonomikissaministros akreditaciis erTiani erovnuli organos - akreditaciiserovnuli centris direqtors b-n paata gogoliZes, finansTa saministosSemosavlebis samsaxuris ufross, b-n grigol gobejiSvils,akreditebuli laboratoriebis xelmZRvanelebs b-n o.manjgalaZes, q-nd.zoiZes, q-n m.xaraZes, b-n T.filiSvils, b-n n. ilaurs, q-n n.mgelaZes,marilis importiorebs, sacalo vaWrobis obieqtebis mflobelebs dayvela im adamians, vinc daxmareba gagviwia aRniSnuli proeqtisganxorcielebaSi.2

. .S e s a v a l isxvadasxva saerTaSoriso organizaciebis, maT Soris:ioddeficitur daavadebaTa kontrolis saerTaSoriso sabWos (ICCIDD),mikronutrientuli iniciativis (MI), programa “kvebis nutrientebiTuzrunvelyofis SesaZleblobebi” (OMNI), mikronutrientebis ukmarisobisprofilaqtikis programis (PAMM), gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciisbavSvTa fondis (UNICEF), aSS saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos(USAID) jandacvis msoflio organizaciis (WHO) mier, aRiarebul iqna,rom sazogadoebriv jandacvis sistemaSi ukanaskneli aTwleulismniSvnelovan miRwevas warmoadgens marilis sayovelTao iodirebis gziTioddeficitur daavadebaTa profilaqtikaSi miRweuli progresi; Tumca,problemis saboloo gadawyvetisaTvis aucilebelia miRweuli Sedegebismdgradoba, es ki saWiroebs Zlier politikur mxardaWeras dastimulirebas. saerTaSoriso gamocdilebis gaTvaliswinebiT, problema,romelic axlavs iodirebuli marilis xarisxis uzrunvelyofas, undagadaiWres efeqturi propagandis, sazogadoebasTan kavSiris, iodirebulimarilis xarisxis regularuli monitoringis ganxorcielebis,sakanonmdeblo da samarTaldamcavi gziT.proeqtis mizaniproeqtis ganxorcieleba mizanad isaxavda qveynis iodirebuli mariliTsrul uzrunvelyofas, romlis miRweva gaxdeba mas Semdeg, rodesac1. Seswavlili iqneba:a. importirebuli iodirebuli marilis saqarTvelos savaWroobieqtebSi ganawilebis saerTo foni;3

. 2007 wlis ganmavlobaSi sacalo vaWrobis donezeiodirebuli/araiodirebuli marilis procentuli wili;2. gansazRvruli iqneba iodis danakargi da masze moqmedi faqtorebi;3. Semcirdeba iodirebuli marilis falsifikaciis faqtebi;4. aprobirebuli iqneba da dainergrba iodirebuli marilis xarisxismonitoringis sistema, romelsac ganaxorcielebs saxelmwifomakontrolebeli organo;5. zustad ganisazRvreba problema, SemuSavdeba rekomendaciebi daganisazRvreba xangZlivi da gadaudebeli qmedebebi arsebuli darRvevebisaRmofxvrisaTvis.proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli RonisZiebebis srulyofiladganxorcieleba xels Seuwyobs qveyanaSi marilis universaluriiodirebis programis mdgradobas da Sesabamisad ioddeficituridarRvevebis prevenciis gziT, mosaxleobis janmrTelobis mdgomareobisgaumjobesebas.1. monitoringis ganxorcielebis Teoriuli safuZvlebirogorc msoflio gamocdileba gviCvenebs, marilis sayovelTaoiodirebis danergviT miRweulma progresma warmoaCina ori sakvanZosakiTxi: pirveli, iodirebuli marilis xarisxis efeqturi daregularuli monitoringis ganxorcieleba da meore, miRweuli Sedegebismdgradobis uzrunvelyofa.zogadad qveyanaSi am instrumentis, rogorc idd aRmofxvriskriteriumebia :iodirebuli marilis importireba im raodenobiT, romdakmayofilebuli iqnes mosaxleobis potenciuri moTxovnileba(daaxloebiT 4-5 kg marili 1 sul mosaxleze wlis ganmavlobaSi);4

95% marilisa, romelic moixmareba mosaxleobis mier, unda iyosiodirebuli da Seesabamebodes qveyanaSi moqmed saxelmwifostandarts;Sidameurneobebis doneze, reprezentatulobis principiT SerCeulimosaxleobis 90% unda moixmardes aranakleb 15 ppm iodisSemcvelobis iodirebul marils;importirebul marilSi iodis masuri wilis Semcveloba, rogorcsacalo vaWrobis doneze, ise SidameurneobebSi gansazRvruli undaiqnes titraciis meTodiT, dasaSvebia aseve sertificirebulitesterebis gamoyeneba eqspres-analizis CatarebisaTvis savelepirobebSi;regionaluri da saerTo erovnuli monitoringis masalebi undaemyarebodes ukanaskneli ori wlis ganmavlobaSi mopovebulinformacias;cnobilia aseve, rom garda aRniSulisa qvemoT CamoTvlili aTiprogramuli maCveneblidan rva unda iyos realizebuli da Sesrulebuli.es maCveneblebia: efeqturi funqcionaluri erovnuli organo, romelic pasuxismgebeliiqneba mTavrobis winaSe ioddeficitur daavadebaTa aRmofxvriserovnuli programis Sesrulebaze, masSi CarTulni unda iyvnensxvadasxva dargis specialistebi, maT Soris sxvadasxva profiliseqimebi, ganaTlebis sferos warmomadgenlebi, mrewvelebi, masobrivisainformacio saSualebebisa da momxmarebelTa uflebebis dacvisorganizaciaTa warmomadgenlebi;5

politikuri neba da Sesabamisad politikuri gadawyvetilebis miRebaqveyanaSi marilis sruli da sayovelTao iodirebis Sesaxeb; ioddeficitur daavadebaTa likvidaciis programis Sesrulebazepasuxismgebeli piris daniSvna;kanoni, an sxva normatiuli dokumentis miReba, romelic daadgensmarilis sayovelTao iodirebas (idealur SemTxvevaSi kanonis an sxvanormatiuli dokumenti unda moicavdes rogorc adamianisaTvisgamosayenebel, ise mecxoveleobaSi gamoyenebul marilsac, Tumca, Tues ukanaskneli piroba ar sruldeba, es ar SeiZleba gaxdesqveynisaTvis ioddeficitur daavadebisagan Tavisufali statusisminiWebis xelis SemSleli faqtori);mniSvnelovani pirobaa realuri mdgomareobis Sefaseba, risTvisacaucilebelia qveyanaSi laboratoriebis arseboba, romlebicganaxorcieleben iodirebul marilSi iodSemcvelobis gansazRvras daiodurias;sazogadoebrivi ganaTlebis da socialuri mobilizaciis programa,romelic moicavs ioddeficitur daavadebaTa da iodirebuli marilismoxmarebis Sesaxeb swavlebas;sawarmos, sabiTumo, sacalo vaWrobisa da Sidameurneobebis donezeinformaciis regularuli mopoveba marilSi iodSemcvelobis Sesaxeb;maRali riskis zonebSi mcxovreb saskolo asakis bavSvebSi ioduriisregularuli analizi; TanamSromloba marilis mwarmoeblebTan (importiorebTan)iodirebuli marilis xarisxis kontrolis meqanizmis Seqmnis mizniT;6

iodirebul marilSi iodis Semcvelobis gansazRvris regularulimonitoringis da ioduriis monitoringis monacemTa bazis Seqmna.ra mdgomareobaa dReisaTvis am mxriv saqarTveloSi ?1.1 marilis sayovelTao iodirebis politika saqarTveloSi.normatiuli dokumentaciis analiziioddeficituri daavadebebi saqarTvelosaTvis yovelTvis warmoadgendasamxareo paTologias, xolo misi maRalmTiani regionebi odiTganve Ciyvisendemur kerad iyo cnobili;pirvelad, Ciyvis sawinaaRmdego respublikuri dispanseri 1935 welsgaixsna TbilisSi1939 wels, quTaisSi organizebuli iqna marilis iodireba, adgilobriviwarmoebis mariliT momaragda endemiis mZime kerebi: qvemo svaneTi, oni,ambrolauri;iodirebuli marilis gamoyenebiT 1938-1944 wlebSi Ciyvis sixSire 42,7%-dan 14%-mde Semcirda;70-ian wlebSi miRweuli iqna principuli cvlilebebi endemuri CiyvislikvidaciaSi; Seiqmna problemis saboloo likvidaciis iluzia; amasmohyva strategiuli Secdomac, Semcirda iodirebuli marilis Semotana;80-ian wlebSi naklebi yuradReba daeTmo miRweuli warmatebisSenarCunebas;7

90-ian wlebSi qveyanaSi arsebulma socialur-ekonomiurma krizisma xeliSeuwyo iodirebuli marilis importisa da miwodebis sistemis moSlas;amitomac logikuri iyo, rom1995-1998 ww. jmo-s da iunisef-is xelSewyobiT, qveynis masStabiT qarTvelieqimebis mier ganxorcielebuli epidemiologiuri kvlevebis SedegebiT,Ciyvis sixSire 36-93% aRmoCnda. amave periodSi moewyo eqspediciebisaqarTvelos TiTqmis yvela regionSi da epidemiologiuri kvlevebismonacemebiT endemuri Ciyvis sixSire 6-12 wlis asakis bavSvebSi 320-370-sSeadgenda yovel 1000 bavSvze.gamomdinare zemoaRniSnulidan, dgeba marilis sayovelTao iodirebiserovnuli programis miRebis aucilebloba, anu dgeba gadawyvetilebismiRebis faza, romelic moicavs marilis sayovelTao iodirebas,Sesabamisi normatiuli bazis Seqmnas da programis realizaciis gegmas;1996 wels qveyanaSi SemuSavebuli iqna “iodis deficitiT gamowveuldaavadebaTa profilaqtikis saxelmwifo programa”, romlis mizani iyokompleqsuri RonisZiebebis gatarebiT idd efeqturi marTva, misiSemcireba da minimumamde dayvana; Seiqmna idd brZolis erovnuli sabWo.saqarTvelos prezidentma 1996 wlis 24 ivlisis gamosca #480brZanebuleba “mosaxleobis iodirebuli mariliT uzrunvelyofisSesaxeb”;1996 wlis 24 oqtombers saqarTvelos prezidentma gamosca #684brZanebuleba “iodis naklebobiT gamowveuli daavadebaTa winaaRmdegbrZolis sakoordinacio sabWos Sesaxeb”, romliTac damtkicdasakoordinacio sabWos Semadgenloba da samuSao RonisZiebaTa gegma;8

1997 wlis martidan xorcieldeba saqarTvelos jandacvis saministrosmier SemuSavebuli iodis deficitiT gamowveul darRvevaTaprofilaqtikis programa. programis CarCoSi iqmneba da finansdeba yvelaraionuli da endokrinologiuri samsaxuri;1998 wlis 30 marts, saqarTvelos prezidentis #109 gankargulebiT“saqarTvelos mosaxleobaSi iodis, sicocxlisaTvis aucilebelimikroelementebisa da vitaminebis naklebobiT gamowveuli daavadebebaTaprofilaqtikis, mkurnalobisa da misi Semdgomi likvidaciis damatebiTiRonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb”, ganisazRvra mkacri kontrolis daweseba qveynismosaxleobis standartizebuli iodirebuli mariliT uwyvetadmomaragebis uzrunvelyofisaTvis da aseve sakontrolo sistemisSemuSaveba, iodirebuli marilis importis, Senaxvis, ganawilebisa damoxmarebis yvela stadiaze; gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eTmobakomunikaciis komponentis gaZlierebas, iodis (da sxva mikroelementebis)deficitiT gamowveul daavadebebis profilaqtikis sakiTxebis gaSuqebasteleviziiT, radiomauwyeblobiT, sxva sainformacio-sagamomcemlosaSualebebiT.1998 wlis 24 dekembrs saqarTvelos prezidentma gamosca #711brZanebuleba „‟ iodis, sxva mikroelementebisa da vitaminebis deficitiTgamowveuli daavadebebis profilaqtikis RonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb”;1998 wels importirebuli iodirebuli marili gaTavisuflda dRg-gan(20%);1998 wels saqarTvelos kvebis mrewvelobis samecniero kvleviTiinstitutis mier SemuSavebuli iqna saqarTvelos saxelmwifo standarti“marili sufris iodirebuli” – sst 19-98. saerTo teqnikuri pirobebi;standarti damtkicebuli da samoqmedod SemoRebuli iqna saqstandartismier 1998 wlis 15 maisis #70 brZanebiT. standartis mixedviT marilis9

iodirebisaTvis fortifikantad gamoyenebulia qveiodmJava kaliumismarili (kaliumis iodati – KIO 3 ); ganisazRvra da dadgenil iqna iodismasuri wili mSral nivTierebaze gadaangariSebiT _ (40±10)X 10- 4 ,standarSi mocemulia marilSi iodSemcvelobis gansazRvris titraciismeTodi;1999 wels qveyanaSi importirebuli iyo daaxloebiT 2100 tonaiodirebuli marili;2001 wels xeli moewera damoukidebel Tanamegobrobis wevrsaxelmwifoTa SeTanxmebas, “ damoukidebel saxelmwifoTa Tanamegobrobiswevri qveynebis mosaxleobaSi ioddeficituri daavadebebisprofilaqtikis Sesaxeb”, romlis me-9-e statiis Tanaxmad, monawileqveynebis mer dadgenili iqna, rom importirebuli iodirebuliproduqtebis miwodebisa da realizaciis aucilebel pirobas warmoadgenseqsportiori qveynis mier gacemuli Tanmxlebi dokumentacia, riTacdasturdeba misi xarisxi da uvnebloba _ damamzadeblis (mimwodeblis)sertifikati da an mimwodebeli qveynis oficialuri rwmunebulobis mqoneorganos mier gacemuli specifikaciebi; aRsaniSnavia, rom aRniSnulxelSekrulebis moqmedebis vada ganisazRvra 5 wliT, vadisgasvlisTanave avtomaturad xdeba misi moqmedebis gagrZeleba Semdegi 5wlis ganmavlobaSi (statia 14);2002 wlis 18 maisis saqarTvelos prezidentma gamosca #242 brZanebuleba“saqarTvelos mosaxleobaSi iodis naklebobiT gamowveul daavadebaTaSemcirebis damatebiTi RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb”, romlis Tanaxmadac, iodisnaklebobiT gamowveul daavadebaTa Semcirebisa da likvidaciisdaCqarebis mizniT, Seiqmna iodis naklebobiT gamowveul daavadebaTalikvidaciis dargTaSorisi sakoordinacio sabWo da ganisazRvra maTisaqmianobis mimarTulebebi; amave brZanebulebis punqti 7-is Tanaxmad,10

saerTaSoriso organizaciebs eTxova qmediTi daxmarebis aRmoCena iodisdeficitiT likvidaciis RonisZiebaTa efeqtianad ganxorcielebaSi.2003 wels importirebuli iodirebuli marilis raodenoba 34 000 tonamdegaizarda;2003 wlis 27 seqtembers gamoica saqarTvelos prezidentis #466brZanebuleba - “iodis naklebobiT gamowveul daavadebaTa profilaqtikisdargTSorisi 2004-2008 ww. programis damtkicebis Sesaxeb”; ambrZanebulebiT ganisazRvra programis miznebi, programis realizaciisaucileblobis dasabuTeba, programis Sesrulebis vadebi, programisobieqti da misi mdgradoba. programis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos soflismeurneobis saministros daevala sakveb produqtebSi iodis Semcvelobissistemuri monitoringi, aseve iodirebuli marilis importisa daadgilobrivi warmoebis ganviTareba da mosaxleobisaTvis saWiroraodenobiT saxelmwifo standartis Sesabamisi iodirebuli mariliTxelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyofa; Tumca dRemde iodirebuli marilisxarisxis monitoringi qveynis masStabiT ar ganxorcielebula.2004 wlis 16 dekembers saqarTvelos parlamentis janmrTelobis dacvisada socialur sakiTxTa komitetSi, iunisef-is xelSewyobiT, Seiqmna“mikroelementebis naklebobiT gamowveuli daavadebebisfortificirebuli sakvebiT prevenciis” samuSao jgufi, romlis mizaniasaqarTveloSi adamianis janmrTelobisaTvis aucilebelimikroelementebisa da vitaminebis naklebobiT gamowveul daavadebaTafortificirebuli (gamdidrebuli) sakvebiT profilaqtikis (prevenciis)xelSewyoba, xolo misi amocanebia :fortifikaciis erovnuli politikis SemuSaveba;sakanonmdeblo bazis Seqmna;kanonis implementacia;samTavrobo da arasamTavrobo seqtoris koordinacia;11

sazogadoebrivi azris aqtualizacia; axal wamowyebaTa mxardaWera nutriciologiisa da sakvebisfortifikaciaSi;epidemiologiuri kvleva;2005 wels moxda marilis sayovelTao iodireba. parlamentma miiRokanoni “iodis, sxva mikroelementebisa da vitaminebis deficitiTgamowveuli daavadebebis profilaqtikis Sesaxeb”, romlis Tanaxmad,qveyanaSi ikrZaleba araiodirebuli sakvebi marilis importi darealizacia, garda am kanonis me-5-e muxliT gansazRvruli moTxovnebisa,rodesac araiodirebuli marilis saqarTveloSi importireba darealizacia dasaSvebi xdeba: a) samedicino mizniT; b) teqnikuridaniSnulebiT da arasakvebi produqciis warmoebisaTvis; araiodirebulimarilis samedicini mizniT importireba dasaSvebia mxolod saqarTvelosSromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros nebarTvissafuZvelze da misi realizacia dasaSvebia mxolod saafTiaqo qselidan.amave kanonis me-6-e muxlis Tanaxmad, saqarTveloSi ikrZalebaiodirebuli marilisa da sxva fortificirebuli sakvebi produqtebisimporti da realizacia savaldebulo sertifikatis gareSe da warmoebalicenziis gareSe. amave dros iodirebuli marilis importirebisassabaJo organoebs waredginebaT sabaJo deklaraciasTan erTadSesabamisobis sertifikati.dReisaTvis, finansTa saministros Semosavlebis samsaxuris miermowodebuli informaciiT, marilis importirebisas Sesabamisobissertificirebis regulaciasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT,dadgenil iqna, rom iodirebuli marilis yoveli calkeuli partiisimportisas, sabaJo gaformebis jgufebs waredginebaT eqsportioriqveynis Sesabamisobis sertifikati. “produqciis da momsaxureobissertifikaciis “ Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanonis me-4 Tavis me-15 muxlis12

Sesabamisad, sazRvargareT gacemuli Sesabamisobis dokumentebis aRiarebaxdeba saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli wesebis mixedviT.2005 wlisaTvis saqarTvelos mTavrobis da iunisef-is erTobliviZalisxmviT ioddeficitur daavadebaTa ricxvi 55-58% - dan 36-37 %-mdeSemcirda;2005 wlis 25 Tebervals saqarTvelos kanonSi “saqarTvelosadministraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsi” Setanili iqna Semdegidamatebebi: kodeqss daemata 44 4 muxli, romlis Tanaxmadac“araiodirebuli marilis realizacia, vadagasuli iodirebuli marilisada falsificirebuli sxva fortificirebuli sakvebi produqtebisimporti da realizacia (garda “iodis, sxva mikroelementebisa davitaminebis deficitiT gamowveuli daavadebebis profilaqtikis Sesaxeb”saqarTvelos kanonis me-5-e muxlis pirveli da me-3-e punqtebiTgaTvaliswinebuli SemTxvevebisa), vadagasuli iodirebuli marilis ansxva fortificirebuli sakvebi produqtebis importi an realizacia –gamoiwvevs dajarimebas 500-dan 2000 laramde”.2006 wlis 29 dekembers cvlilebebi Sevida saqarTvelos kanonSi“ iodis,sxva mikroelementebisa da vitaminebis deficitiT gamowveulidaavadebebis profilaqtikis Sesaxeb”, romlis mixedviTac “saqarTvelosSromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis, soflis meurneobissaministroebi da saqarTvelos finansTa saministros Sesabamisisamsaxuri TavianTi kompetenciis farglebSi axorcieleben iodirebulimarilisa da sxva fortificirebuli sakvebi produqtebis erovnulstandartebTan Sesabamisobis kontrols” (muxli 9);2007 wlis 19 oqtombers saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa dasocialuri dacvis ministris #300/n brZanebiT “sazogadoebrivijanmrTelobis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonis me-3 muxlis “q” qvepunqtis13

da 27-e muxlis me-4 da me-5 punqtebis Sesabamisad, romlis Tanaxmadac,sazogadoebrivi janmrTelobis uzrunvelyofis mizniT saministro adgenssavaldebulo teqnikur reglamentebs, fortificirebuli sakvebiproduqtebis uvneblobis normebs da gansazRvravs sakvebi nivTierebebsdeficitiT gamowveul darRvevebTan brZolis politikas, damtkicda“sursaTis fortifikaciis teqnikuri reglamenti”, ganisazRvra higienurimoTxovnebi sufris marilis iodizaciisaTvis, brZanebis me-6 muxlisTanaxmad sufris marilis iodizaciisaTvis gamoiyeneba kaliumis iodati,rogorc es erovnul standartSia, ise kaliumis iodidi. iodis masuriwili orive fortifikantis gamoyenebisas unda Seadgendes (40±10)X 10- 4 ,mkg/g. kaliumis iodidis stabilizatorad gamoiyeneba natriumisTiosulfati, romlis masuri wili ar unda aRematebodes 250 + - 50 mkg/g.amasTan iodirebuli marilis tenianoba ar unda aRematebodes 1%;garda amisa, mniSvnelovania is garemoeba, rom teqnikuri reglamentisavaldebulos xdis damatebuli fortifikantis miTiTebas markirebaze,ganisazRvra, rom kaliumis iodidiT fortificirebuli marilisSenaxvis vada ar unda aRematebodes^6 Tves, xolo kaliumis iodatiTgamoyenebiT- 9-12 Tves.markireba, niSandebaiodirebuli marilis xarisxis monitoringis ganxorcielebisasmniSvnelovani komponentia momxmarebelTa informirebuloba etiketismeSveobiT, saqarTvelos kanonis _ “ momxmarebelTa uflebebis dacvisSesaxeb” me-6-e muxlis Tanaxmad, romelic exeba informacias produqciisSesaxeb, punqti 2, qvepunqtebi a) – z) da punqti 4-is Sesabamisad,“momxmarebels informacia unda miewodos qarTul enaze da ganTavsdesproduqciis SefuTvaze, etiketze, an iarliyze, xolo Tu maTi zomissimciris gamo an sxva pativsadebi mizeziT es SeuZlebelia, igi undaganTavsdes produqciis yovel erTeulze TandarTul furcelze anwarmoebaSi miRebuli nebismieri sxva formiT “14

etiketi unda Seicavdes Semdegi saxis aucilebel informacias:dasaxeleba;damamzadeblis safirmo saxelwodeba da misamarTi, im qveynisdasaxeleba, sadac damzadebulia iodirebuli marili;vargisianobis vada, iodirebuli marilis gamoyenebis sabolooTariRi;damzadebis TariRi da Senaxvis vada;dafqvis nomeri (xarisxi); masa (neto) ; teqnikuri reglamenti an sxva normatiul-teqnikuridokumentaciis aRniSvna;Senaxvis pirobebi;warwera “iodirebulia”;ioddanamatis dasaxeleba;iodSemcveloba;sertifikaciis Sesaxeb informacia;“sursaTis fortifikaciis teqnikuri reglamenti” – is muxli 6-is punqti2-is mixedviT “iodirebuli marilis markirebaze aucileblad unda iqnesmiTiTebuli damatebuli iodis forma, (kaliumis iodidi an kaliumisiodati), iodis Semcveloba, gamoSvebis TariRi da Senaxvis vada. amasTankaliumis iodidis gamoyenebiT iodirebuli marilis Senaxvis vada arunda aRemtebodes 6 Tves, xolo kaliumis iodatiT gamoyenebiTiodirebisas ki -12 Tves.saqarTvelos standartis 19-98-is punqti 8.2.1. Tanaxmad ki“produqciisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli niSandeba unda Seicavdes Semdegmonacemebs :produqciis damamzadeblis dasaxelebas da mis sasaqonlo niSans;15

produqciis dasaxelebas, mis xarisxsa da dafqvis nomers,masa-netos;gamoSvebis TariRs;sufris iodirebul marilis realizaciis bolo TariRs; am TariRisgasvlis Semdeg iodirebuli sufris marili gamoiyeneba rogorc sufrismarili danamatis gareSe. standartis 10.2 punqtis Tanaxmad ki,iodirebuli marilis Senaxvis sagarantio vadaa 3 Tve gamoSvebis dRidan.gadawyvetilebis miRebis fazasTan erTad amoqmedda programisganxorcielebis realizaciis faza, Seiqmna infrastruqtura marilissayovelTao iodirebis, misi xarisxis uzrunvelyofis da propagandisSesaxeb. Seqmnilia kanonmdebloba. Tumca 2006 wlis 3 ianvridan uqmdebarespublikis sanitariuli zedamxedvelobis inspeqcia, romelicaxorcielebda sabiTumo da sacalo vaWrobis doneze iodirebulimxolod marilis xarisxis kontrols da ara monitorings.2005 wlis 29 dekembers saqarTvelos parlamenti iRebs kanons“sursaTis uvneblobisa da xarisxis Sesaxeb”, romlis Tanaxmad sursaTisuvneblobisa da xarisxis sferoSi saxelmwifo politikas gansazRvravssaqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministro, xolo sursaTisuvneblobisa da xarisxis sferoSi kontrolsa da zedamxedvelobasaxorcielebs soflis meurneobis saministros mmarTvelobis sferoSiSemavali saqveuwyebo dawesebuleba _ sursaTis uvneblobis, veterinariisada mcenareTa dacvis erovnul samsaxuri.dReisaTvis sursaTis uvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacviserovnul samsaxuris daqvemdebarebaSia qveynis masStabiT 59 raionuli dasaqalaqo sammarTvelo da aWaris a/r samsaxuri.amave kanonis 24-e muxlis Tanaxmad, sursaTis xarisxis kontrolixorcieldeba sacalo vaWrobis doneze da moicavs dadgenili wesiT16

nimuSis aRebas da dasaxelebul laboratoriaSi gamocdis Catarebas,aseve dokumenturi masalis Semowmebas.2006 wlis 24 Tebervals gamodis saqarTvelos mTavrobis #45dadgenileba, romelic gansazRvravs “saqarTvelos mier sxva qveynebisteqnikuri reglamentebis aRiarebisa da moqmedebis wess”. am dadgenilebispunqti 1- Si mocemulia, rom “ aRiarebuli iqnes da saqarTveloSimoqmedi sxva teqnikuri reglamentebis paralelurad sruluflebianadiqnes gamoyenebuli evrokavSiris, ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa daganviTarebis organizaciis wevr da saqarTvelos savaWro ZiriTadipartniori qveynebis produqciisa da momsaxureobis sferoSi moqmediteqnikuri regulirebis dokumentebi. dadgenilebis me-2-e punqtisTanaxmad ki gagrZeldes damoukidebel saxelmwifoTa TanamegobrobiasTanan mis wevr saxelmwifoebTan ukve dadebuli saerTaSorisoxelSekrulebebis safuZvelze teqnikuri regulirebis sferoSi dResmoqmedi dokumentebis “gosteb”-i, sanitariuli wesebi da normebi da sxv.sruluflebiani moqmedeba; Tumca, rogorc finansTa saministrosSemosavlebis samsaxuridan gvacnobes, aRiSnuli nusxis gadaxedva daganaxleba unda moxdes weliwadSi erTxel mainc, SesabamisisamTavrobaTaSorisi xelSekrulebis gaTvaliswinebiT.“sursaTis uvneblobisa da xarisxis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonisgardamavali debulebis Sesabamisad saqarTvelos soflis meurneobisministris 2006 wlis 7 agvistos #2-147 brZanebiT damtkicebulia “nimuSisaRebis wesi” , romelic adgens zogad moTxovnebs sursaTis, aseve masTanSexebaSi myofi masalis nimuSis aRebisa da dasaxelebulilaboratoriisaTvis gadacemisadmi da moicavs am saqmianobisganmaxorcielebeli uflebamosili moxelis moqmedebis wess, misi mizanianimuSis aRebis organizaciisa da sqemis Sedgena, aseve uflebamosilimoxelis kompetenciisa da valdebulebebis dadgena, romelic moqmedikanonmdeblobis safuZvelze axorcielebs aRniSnul saqmianobas.17

saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ministris 2006 wlis 7 agvistos #2-148brZanebiT damtkicebulia “sursaTis monitoringis, zedamxedvelobisakontrolis procedurebi” , romlis me-2 muxlis punqti 2-is Tanaxmad,“monitoringi tardeba sursaTis uvneblobasa da xarisxis maCveneblebzesistemuri dakvirvebis meSveobiT, sursaTis sarealizacio adgilebSinimuSis aRebis, maTi organoleptikuri Sefasebisa da laboratoriuliSemowmebis gziT. nimuSis aReba sursaTis sarealizacio adgilebSi xdebamisi SesyidviT.amrigad, dReisaTvis qveyanaSi Seqmnilia erTaderTi uflebamosilisaxelmwifo organo, monitoringisaTvis momzadebuli personali,romelic ganaxorcielebs qveynis masStabiT iodirebuli marilisxarisxis monitorings. es erTerTi aucilebeli komponentia programiskonsolidaciis fazis realizaciisaTvis.iodirebul marilSi iodSemcvelobaze moqmedi sxvadasxva faqtorebis maTSoris ioddanamatebis aramdgradoba, arahomogenuroba anu ioddanamatisSesaZlo araTanabari ganawileba partiis SigniT da SefuTvaSi, iodisdanakargebi dafasoebis, arasasurveli garemo faqtorebis zemoqmedebis,Senaxvisa da transportirebisas, danakargebi gadamuSavebisas,aucileblad saWiroebs saxelmwifoebriv midgomas, amitom qveynismasStabiT calkeuli regionebis mixedviT Catarebuli monitoringisaSualebas iZleva ganisazRvros, Tu ramdenad sruldeba iuridiulipiroba, anu importirebuli marili Seesabameba qveyenaSi moqmednormatiul moTxovnebs; fiziologiuri piroba –marili, romelsacmoixmars qveynis mosaxleoba, Seicavs Tu ara idd profilaqtikisaTvissaWiro iodis raodenobas; davrwmundeT importiorebis saimedoobaSi,davrwmundeT, rom sacalo vaWrobaSi arsebuli iodirebuli mariliSeesabameba qveyanaSi moqmed standarts da xelmisawdomiamosaxleobisaTvis.18

amdendac iodirebul marilSi iodSemcvelobis gansazRvramonitoringisaTvis gazomvadi, adeqvaturi da iafi indikatoria, igiakmayofilebs zogadad monitoringisa da Sefasebis maCveneblebis iseTkriteriumebs rogoricaa:utyuaroba – maCvenebliT izomeba konkretuli parametri –iodSemcveloba;sandooba – maCvenebeli ganmeorebiTi gazomvisas iZleva igive Sedegs;operatiuloba _ maCveneblis gazomva xorcieldeba SemuSavebulimeTodebisa da standartebis saSualebiT mokle droSi;specifiuroba _ maCvenebeli damaxasiaTebelia mxolod konkretuliobieqtisaTvis;Rirebuleba _ maCveneblis gansazRvra iafi da zomieria;Sesrulebadi _ maCveneblebis Sesaxeb monacemTa miReba advilia.2. iodirebuli marilis testirebis laboratoriebismdgomareobaioddeficitur daavadebaTa aRmofxvris, mdgradobis da monitoringisganxorcielebis erTerTi mniSvnelovani pirobaa realuri mdgomareobisSefaseba, risTvisac aucilebelia qveyanaSi laboratoriebis arseboba,romlebic ganaxorcieleben iodirebul marilSi iodSemcvelobisgansazRvras.akreditaciis erTiani erovnuli organos – akreditaciis centridanmiRebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, dReisaTvis qveynis masStabiT,akreditaciis sferos Sesabamisad, iodirebul marilSi iodSemcvelobisada uvneblobis maCveneblebis parametrebis laboratoriul gamokvlevaze19

akreditebulia iuridiuli statusis mqone organizaciis struqturulierTeulebi -sagamocdo laboratoriebi, romlebic teqnikuri operaciebisada dadgenili procedurebis meSveobiT adgenen iodirebuli marilisxarisxobriv maxasiaTeblebs. es laboratoriebia :1. Sps “momavali saukune” q.Tbilisi2. Sps “etaloni”, q.Tbilisi3. ”saqarTvelis damoukidebel eqspetTa asociacia q.rusTavi4. Sps “multitesti” q.Tbilisi5. Sps “Nnorma “ Tbilisi6. Sps “eqspertiza+”, q.Tbilisilaboratoriebi funqcionireben “produqciisa da momsaxurebissertifikaciis Sesaxeb”, “gazomvaTa erTianobis uzrunvelyofis Sesaxeb”saqarTvelos kanonebis Sesabamisad da eyrdnobian sst en 45001 : 2006 dasst iso/iek 17025 : 2006 standartebs, romlis Tanaxmadac isiniaRiarebulni arian teqnikur kompetenturobaze.aRniSnul laboratoriebs gavlili aqvT akreditacia anu –administraciuli warmoebis farglebSi saeqsperto Sefaseba daakreditaciis centris mier Sesabamisi mowmobis gacemiT, oficialuradaRiarebulni arian iodirebuli marilis Sesabamisobis Sefasebisganxorcielebis uflebamosilebaze.laboratoriebs gaaCniaT organizaciuli struqtura,debuleba,dokumentirebulilaboratorias hyavs teqnikuri xelmZRvaneli, romelic pasuxismgebeliamaTze dakisrebul teqnikuri davalebebis, funqciebis davaldebulebebis ganxorcielebaze.20

laboratoriebi dakopleqtebulia Sesabamisi ganaTlebis dakvalifikaciis mqone specialistebiT;akreditebuli laboratoriis saqmianobaze pasuxismgebloba nawildebalaboratoriis xelmZRvanelobasa da/an im organizaciis administraciasSoris, romlis struqturul qvedanayofsac igi warmoadgens.laboratoriebi aRWurvilia iodirebuli marilis xarisxisa dauvneblobis gansazRvrisaTvis saWiro danadgarebiT, mowyobilobebiT,gamzomi saSualebebiT, agreTve sxva masalebiT (qimiuri reaqtivebi,nivTierebebi da sxv.) rac aucilebelia misi kompetenturobisaRiarebisaTvis. amasTan yvela mowyobilobebis momsaxureba warmoebsdadgenili wesiT da saTanado momsaxureba dokumentirebulia.garemo pirobebi, romelSic xorcieldeba laboratoriuli samuSaoebi,garantias iZleva miRebul gazomvaTa Sedegebis utyuarobaze.laboratoriebis ganlageba, Senoba da farTobi, romelic gamoiyenebalaboratoriuli samuSaoebis Casatareblad, energiis wyaro, ganaTeba,gaTboba da ventilacia uzrunvelyofs samuSaos saTando wesebis dacvas.laboratoriebSi gaTvaliswinebulia gazomvaTa Sedegebze moqmedi garemofaqtorebi (temperatura, tenianoba, vibracia, sisufTave da sxv).mowyobilobebs gaaCniaT niSandeba. gamzom saSualebebs moqmedi damRa,damowmebis mowmoba an sxva dokumenti, romelSic dafiqsirebuliaatestaciis, damowmebis da dakalibrebis Sedegebi. gamzomi saSualebebisTiToeul erTeuls gaaCnia saregistracio baraTi.laboratoriebSi iodirebuli marilSi iodis raodenobrivigansazRvrisaTvis iyeneben titraciis standartulmeTods, romelic21

mocemulia saqarTvelos saxelmwifo standartSi 19-98 “marili sufrisiodirebuli” saerTo teqnikuri pirobebi. aRniSnuli meTodi srulSesabamisobaSia saerTaSoriso standartTan da misi saSualebiTSesaZlebelia KIO 3 -iT fortificirebul marilSi I-is masuri wilisgansazRvra. rac Seexeba KI-iT fortificirebul marils, masSi iodismasuri wilis gansazRvrisaTvis, damkveTis moTxovnis Sesabamisad,laboratoriebis mier gamoiyeneba gost 13685-84 “marili sufris”,gamocdis meTodebi. da gost 13830-91 “marili sufris” gamocdis meTodebi.aRniSnul standartebiT xdeba kaliumis iodidis gansazRvrapermanganatuli meTodiT, saidanac Semdeg gamoiangariSeba iodis masuriwili.saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis ministris2001 wlis 16 agvistos brZaneba # 301/n “sasursaTo nedleulisa da kvebisproduqtebis xarisxisa da usafrTxoebis sanitariuli wesebisa danormebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb”, indeqsi 6.9.12-is Tanaxmad, sufris dasamkurnalo-profilaqtikuri marilisaTvis dadgenili toqsikurielementebisa da radionuklidebis gansazRvrisaTvis gamoiyeneba:gost 26927-86 “nedleuli da sakvebi produqtebi. ”vercxliswylisgansazRvris meTodebi”.gost 26930-86 “nedleuli da sakvebi produqtebi. ”dariSxanisgansazRvris meTodebi”.gost 26931-86 “nedleuli da sakvebi produqtebi. ”spilenZisgansazRvris meTodebi”.gost 26932-86 “nedleuli da sakvebi produqtebi. ”tyviisgansazRvris meTodebi”.gost 26933-86 “nedleuli da sakvebi produqtebi. ”kadmiumisgansazRvris meTodebi”.gost 26934-86 “nedleuli da sakvebi produqtebi. ”TuTiisgansazRvris meTodebi”.22

aRsaniSnavia, rom laboratoriebSiÓ funqcionirebs xarisxis Sidasistema, romelSic dokumentalurad aris gaformebuli samuSaosprocedurebi, amocanebi, moculoba. “xarisxis saxelmZRvanelo”-saqtualizacia ekisreba laboratoriis pasuxismgebel pirs, romelicdaniSnulia laboratoriis xelmZRvanelis mier da pasuxismgebeliaxarisxis sistemis uzrunvelyofaze;iodirebuli marilis xarisxisa da uvneblobis gamokvlevis Sedegebiaisaxeba gamocdis oqmSi, romelSic konkretulad naCvenebia Sedegebi damasTan dakavSirebuli sxva informacia TiToeuli gamocdis oqmi SeicavsSemdeg monacemebs:-laboratoriis dasaxelebas, misamarTs, akreditaciis mowmobisnomers.-oqmis aRniSvnas ( rigiTi nomeri) da TiToeuli furclis nomers;- damkveTis gvars da misamarTs;- gamosacdeli nimuSis daxasiaTebas da aRniSvnas;- nimuSis miRebisa da gamocdis Catarebis TariRebs;-normatiuli dokumentis dasaxelebas da aRniSvnas, rismixedviTac tardeba testireba;-gazomvis cdomilebis konstancias (aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi);oqmis Semdgeneli pasuxismgebeli piris xelmoweras daTanamdebobas, oqmis Sedgenis TariRs;proeqtis ganxorcielebis farglebSi, laboratoruli kvlevebis oqmebiregionebis mixedviT warmodgenili iqna srulad.laboratorias aqvs gamocdebis Sedegebis registraciis sistema, romelicSeesabameba dadgenil wesebs da uzrunvelyofs pirveladi dakvirvebis daangariSebis, warmoebuli monacemebis Semowmebebis aqtebisa da gamocdebisdaskvniTi oqmis registracias dadgenil vadaSi. registraciaSi SehyavT23

monacemebi personalze, romelic axorcielebs samuSaos, gamocdisoqmebi inaxeba saTanado adgilas, damkveTisaTvis konfidicialobisdacviT.sagamocdo nimuSebi identificirebulia normatiul dokumentaciasTanSesabamisobaze da Tan axlavs Sesabamisi nimuSis aRebis aqti, romlisforma da nimuSis aRebis wesi damtkicebulia saqarTvelos soflismeurneobis ministris 2006 wlis 7 agvistos #2-147 brZanebiT.nimuSis sagamocdod momzadebis yvela stadiaze miRebulia usafrTxoebisyvela zoma, romelic gamoricxavs nimuSebis gafuWebas, gadaWarbebuldatvirTvas, rac uaryofiTad imoqmedebs gamocdebis Sedegebze.3. monitoringis praqtikuli ganxocielebis meTodebiproeqtis ganxorcielebis farglebSi SemuSavebul iqna da UNICEF-isfinansuri mxardaWeriT gamoica “iodirebuli marilis xarisxismonitoringi” – meToduri miTiTebani (UDK 613.26/29 + 614.31 + 658.562 ; ISBN978-9941-0-0103-1 avtori, biologiis mecnierebaTa doqtori qeTevanlaferaSvili, redaqtori - medicinis mecnierebaTa doqtori QqeTevandadiani, recenzentebi – qimiis mecnierebaTa doqtori, profesori giorgiCaCava, medicinis mecnierebaTa doqtori irakli FfaRava). masSi mocemuliaioddeficitur daavadebaTa aRmofxvrisa da marilis sayovelTaoiodirebis politika saqarTveloSi, politikis mdgradobis ZiriTadimaCveneblebi, iodirebuli marilis xarisxis monitoringisganxorcielebis meTodebi, aseve ganxilulia normatiuli dokumentebi damarilSi iodis gansazRvris meTodebi, SemuSavebulia formebi, romelicsaSualebas iZleva srulad iqnes Sefasebuli qveyanaSi arsebulirealoba, dadgindes faqtorebi, romlebic uaryofiTad moqmedebenmonitoringis maCvenebelze da zustadD iqnes gansazRvruli problema.24

aRniSnuli meToduri miTiTebebis safuZvelze SemuSavebuli iqnasaswavlo programa da Catarda treningi sursaTis uvneblobis,veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacvis erovnuli samsaxuris uflebamosilimoxeleebisaTvis (ix.www.fvp.ge). treiningSi monawileoba miiRes rogorcregionaluri sammarTveloebis, ise aWaris a/r, q.Tbilisisa dacentraluri aparatis TanamSomlebma. (ix.danarTi 1)treiningis dros uflebamosil moxeleebs daurigaT testerebi KIO 3 -iTfortificirebuli marilis eqspres-analizisaTvis.monitoringis Catarebisas gamoyenebul iqna monacemTa miRebisxarisxobrivi, raodenobrivi da gamokiTxvis meTodebi, risTvisacSemuSavda specialuri formebi da anketebi. ( ix. “iodirebuli marilisxarisxis monitoringi” meToduri miTiTebebi. danarTi 1,2,3,4).raodenobrivi meTodi gamoyenebuli iqna monacemTa Segrovebis mizniT damisTvis damaxasiaTebeli statistikuri gaangariSebebiT moxda miRebuliSedegebis klasifikacia, aseve Sedegebis daxasiaTeba Sefaseba;Catarebuli iqna ori saxis gamokiTxva: anketuri anu arapirdapirigamokiTxva, da interviu anu pirdapiri gamokiTxva.anketuri gamokiTxvisas sqematurad masSi zustad ganisazRvra:informacia, unda miviRoT gamokiTxvis Semdeg; ra saSualebiT Catardeba gamokiTxva;Tematuri blokebi;konkretuli SekiTxvebi blokis SigniT;pasuxis forma TiToeul SekiTxvaze;pasuxis zusti formulireba;kiTxvebis Tanmimdevroba blokis SigniT;anketis maxasiaTeblebi.25

marilis sruli situaciuri analizis mizniT anketuri gamokiTxvaCautardaT TviT minitoringis ganmaxorcielebel moxeleebs,importiorebsa da sacalo vaWrobis maRaziis mflobelebs.4 . monitoringis Sedegebi4.1 marilis importiproeqtis ganxorcielebis farglebSi, saqarTvelos finansTasaministros Semosavlebis samsaxuridan miRebuli informaciis Tanaxmad,( 03.12.2007 #16-02-09/21260), m/wlis 10 TveSi (Tebervali-noemberi)saqarTveloSi importirebulia 28 882 078 kg iodirebuli marili,mowodebuli iqna im 15 importioris rekvizitebi, romlebmacganaxorcieles importi, esenia:1. Sps “geo-soli”;2. Sps “prima 7”;3. Sps “ponto-stari”;4. Sps N” N &N kompani” ;5. Sps “vudimporti”;6. i/m “fanCuliZe giorgi”;7. Sps “pavlini”;8. Sps “N.T.I”;9. Sps “HIBA”;10. Sps “saqarTvelo-tailandis savaWro”;11. i/m “beriZe nikolozi”12. i/m “daviT ananiZe”13. Sps “gudvili”14. i/m “valerian murvaniZe”15. saqarTvelos wiTeli jvris sazogdoeba;26

ac Seexeba araiodirebuli marilis imports, dReisaTvis araiodirebulimarilis importisa da realiaciisaTvis nebarTvas iZleva saqarTvelossoflis meurneobis saministros sursaTis uvneblobis, veterinariisa damcenareTa dacvis erovnuli samsaxuri, saqarTvelos soflis meurneobisministris 2006 wlis 16 oqtombris #2-197 brZanebiT damtkicebuli“araiodizirebuli marilis importis sanebarTvo mowmobis formisa daaRricxva-angariSgebis wesis damtkicebis Sesaxeb” mixedviT; samsaxurisregistraciisa da nebarTvebis sammarTvelos informaciiT m/wlis 10TveSi ( ianvari – dekemberi) saqarTveloSi importirebulia 5 159 775 kgaraiodirebuli marili, sanebarTvo mowmoba gacemulia Semdegimportiorebze :1. Sps “enerji investi”;2. i/m “goCa gvaramaZe”;3. Sps “gza-servisi”;4. Sps “zaza”;5. Sps “saria”;6. Sps “ jemi sastumroebi”;7. Sps “jani”;8. Sps “ diagnostikuri sistemebi”;9. Sps “via vita”;10. Sps “ giorgi 2004”;11. s/s “populi”;12. saqarTvelos ebrael TemTa saganmanaTleblo kavSiri;13. “saqarTvelos dializis nevrologiisa da Tirkmelistransplantaciis kavSiri”14. Sps “uSba distiluri”15. Sps “emergomed jorjia”.27

4.2 iodirebuli marilis situaciuri monacemebiproeqtis farglebSi iodirebuli marilis xarisxis monitoringiganxorcielda qveynis masStabiT regionebis mixedviT, TiToeul regionsmieniWa sek 002-98-is Sesabamisad kodi; uflebamisil moxeleebs adgilzetestirebisaTvis unda SeeZinaT sacalo vaWrobis qselis TiToeulobieqtSi arsebuli da realizaciisaTvis gankuTvnili iodirebulimarilis yvela dasaxelebis nimuSebi. gamokvlevebi Catarda erTianimeTodikiT, erTiani indikatoriT da drois erTnair monakveTSi _(1 noembridan 10 dekembramde), sxvadasxva regionSi da sxvadasxva savaWroobieqtebSi. regionebis, qalaqebis, sacalo vaWrobis obieqtebisa danimuSebis raodenobis cifrobrivi monacemebi mocemulia cxrili 1-Si.nimuSebi aRebuli iqna rogorc supermarketebSi, aseve mini-marketebSi;calkeul regionSi aRebuli nimuSebis dasaxeleba etiketis mixedviT,maTi raodenoba da mwarmoebeli qveyana, aseve iodirebul marilSiiodSemcvelobis gansazRvris Sedegebi testerebis gamoyenebiT ( eqspresmeTodiT)mocemulia cxrili # 2-12-Si.2-12-Si.4.2. laboratoriuli analizis (titraciis) Sedegebiregionebis mixedviT, sursaTis uvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTadacvis erovnuli samsaxuris teritoriul-struqturuli erTeulebisSesabamisi mimarTvebiT, nimuSebis 11,4% gadaigzavna laboratoriuligamocdebisaTvis dasaxelebul laboratoriaSi; TiToeuli nimuSisaTvisSeivso nimuSis miRebis oqmebi da titraciis meTodiT ganisazRvra iodismasuri wili. laboratoriuli gamocdebis Sedegebi mocemuli # 13-32cxrilebSi.28

4.3 sacalo vaWrobis obiqtebis mfloblTa da iodirebuli marilisimortiorTa anketuri gamokiTxvis SedegebiqveyanaSi iodirebuli marilis sruli situaciuri analizis mizniT, Cvensmier SemuSavebuli anketa-kiTxvarebis mixedviT gamokiTxva CautardaT:a. sacalo vaWrobis obieqtebis mflobelebs.Sedegebi mocemulia cxrili # 32-48-Si.rogorc cxrilebis analizidan Cans, dReisaTvis sacalo vaWrobisobieqtebis mflobelebis ndoba makontrolebeli organoebisadmi maRalia.maTi umetesoba (87,9%) mondomebiTa da interesiT CaerTo anketurgamokiTxvaSi da mzadyofna gamoTqves Semdgomi TanamSromlobisaTvisac.dadginda, rom sarealizaciod marilis SeZena ZiriTadad xdeba sabiTumovaWrobis qselidan (34,8% da 20,2 %) bazrobebidan, romlebic axlosmdebareoben obieqtebTan, Tumca did qalaqebSi aqtiurad muSaobenimportiorebis distributorebi (27,1 %). regionebSi sarealizaciodmarilis Sesyidvis sixSire met-naklebad erTnairia da SesyidvaZiriTadad xdeba TveSi erTxel (47,0% da araumetes tveSi erTxel 32,4 %).qselSi ZiriTadad msxvilad dafquli (33,6%), wvrilkristaluri (7,1 %) darafinirebuli marili (15%0) aqvT, vinaidan aseT marilze momxmareblismoTxovna (38,6%) maRalia, vinaidan maTTvis misaRebia fasi da xarisxi(19,0%), Tumca mniSvnelovani nawili yuradRebas amaxvilebsfalsifikaciaze (2,2%) da mniSvnelobas aniWebs iodSemcvelobasa (8,1%)da vargisianobis vadas (25,2 %), aseve vargisianobas, iodSemcvelobas dadamamzadebels (6,5%). sarealizacio marilis Senaxva ZiriTadad maRaziispirobebSi xdeba (68,2), gamokiTxulTa nawili marils sawyobSi inaxavs(23,6%), Tumca erTeul SemTxvevaSi marili daxlzec inaxeba (!1,2%);sarealizaciod savaWro obieqtSi marili yovelTvis aqvT (70%), Tumca29

iyo Seferxeba daaxloebiT erTi Tvis win (21,8%). sayuradReboa is faqti,rom sacalo vaWrobis obieqtebis mflobelebi marilis SeZenisasyuradRebas aqceven markirebasa da niSandebas, (93,1%) gansakuTrebiT kivargisianobis vadas da iodSemcvelobas (25,2% da 8,1%.) isininaklebinformirebulebi arian “Sesabamisobis sertifikatTan”dakavSirebiT (40%), da amitom arc Txouloben mas marilis Sesyidvisa dadistribuciis dros (80%). miuxedavad imisa, rom isini sxvadasxvawyaroebidan floben informacias ioddeficituri daavadebebis Sesaxeb,(57,8% televizia da jandacvis sistemis TanamSromlebi, 12,4% presa, 6,7%ojaxis wevrebi, da a.S) maTTvis naklebadaa cnobili (60,1%)kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili moTxovnebi marilis sruli iodirebisSesaxeb, aseve administraciuli saxdelis Sesaxeb, rac mniSvnelovnadcvlis maT pasuxismgeblobas aRniSnul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT.sayuradReboa sacalo vaWrobis maRaziebis mflobelTa miergamoTqmuli winadadebebi, romelic ase gamoyureba:- “kargia, rom xdeba Semowmeba, es dagvicavs falsifikaciisagan”.- “sasurvelia iodiebul marils hqondes qarTuli warwera”- “sasurvelia regulirebuli iyos marilis fasebi”- „‟saWiroa meti informirebuloba”- “sasurvelia daibeWdos bukletebi maRaziebis mflobelebisaTvis”- “miesalmeba aRniSnul RonisZiebas, gamoTqva survili, Semowmdesfalsifikaciaze sxva produqtebi”- “miesalmeba iodirebuli marilis programis arsebobas qveyanaSi”;- “gamkacrdes moTxovnebi iodirebuli marilis Semotana-realizaciisdokumentebze.”-“aRniSnul sakiTxs ufro meti saxelmwifo midgoma sWirdeba”- “ iodirebul marils aqvs Senaxvis specifiuri pirobebi, SesaZlebeliamaRaziaSi Semotanil marilSi ukve iodSemcveloba iyos naklebi,saWiroaTavdacvis garkveuli zomebi da saSualebebi”-“sasurvelia marili iyos mSrali da kargad SefuTuli”- “saWiroa aRniSnuli RonisZiebebis (monitoringis) xSirad Catareba”30

- “albaT saWiroa pasuxs agebdes sabaJo da xdebodes Semowmeba ”- “ZroxebisaTvis gamosayeneblad sasurvelia iyidebodes asawoni marilic,msxvili”;- “rac Semodis, imas vyidiT”.b. importiorebs. TiToeul importiors gaegzavna oficialuri mimarTva( #5-1-11/4032 12.1207) da anketa-kiTxvari. gamokiTxvaSi monawileoba miiRo 6importiorma, maT Soris :Sps “HIBA”;Sps “geo-soli”Sps “N&N Company”Sps „ponto-star”-ii/m “nikoloz beriZe”saqarTvelos wiTeli jvris sazogadoebamaTgan “saqarTvelos wiTeli jvris sazogadoeba” marils humanitarulidaxmarebis saxiT Rebulobs da marilSi iodSemcveloba mTlianaddonori organizaciis pasuxismgeblobaa, Tumca „saqarTvelos wiTelijvris sazogadoebam” ganvlili periodis ganmavlobaSi orjer waradginanimuSebi laboratoriuli gamocdisaTvis Sps “norma”-s testirebislaboratoriaSi.Sps “ponto stari” marilis imports axdens saberZneTidan, weliwadSidaaxloebiT 300 tonas (TveSi 20-25 tona), marilis transportireba xdebakonteinerebiT sazRvao transortiT foTamde, Semdeg saxmeleTotransportiT sawyobamde, transportrebis xangZloba saSualod samkviras Seadgens; firmas ar gaaCnia xarisxis uzrunvelyofis sistema damarilis Senaxvze pasuxismgebloba mTlinad ekisreba sawyobis gamges. arhyavT aseve TanamSromeli, romelic pasuxismgebeli iqneboda marilSiiodis adeqvturobaze , Tumca Tvlian, rom “analizis sertifikatebi”garantiaa. maT ar gaaCniaT maT mier importirebuli marilis teqnikuri31

dokumentacia, romlis mixedviTc xdeba marilis warmoeba. maT miergamoTqmuli SeniSvnebidan da winadadebebidan Cans, rom maTi azriTsaxelmwifos mxridan SeRavaTebi “mosaxleobas saSualebas miscemsSeiZinos bunebrivad iodirebuli marili da ara xelovnuraddasxurebuli produqti” (!) mimdinare wels maT 7-jer mimarTes Sps“normas” da waradgines nimuSebi laboratoriuli gamocdebisaTvis,razedac gacemulia Sesabamisi gamocdis oqmebi.Sps “N&N Company”- is mier iodirebuli marilis importi xorcieldeba(ganxorcielda erTjeradad 120 tonis odenobiT) sasomxeTidan,matarebliT, romlis xangZlioba 5 dRea. ; firmas ar gaaCnia xarisxisuzrunvelyofis sistema Tumca hyavT TanamSromeli, romelicpasuxismgebelia marilSi iodis adeqvturobaze, maT mier importirebulmarils aqvs ISO 9001 xarisxis sertifikati, rac sertifikaciisa daSemowmebis aucilebel xarisxis sistemis da damatebiT profesiulikompetenturobis garantia. aqvT aseve testerebi eqspres analizisatvis,romliTac isini uzrunvelyo TviT mwarmoebelma firmam “avanismarilkombinatma” maTi winadadebiT saWiroa qveyanaSi gamkacrdesxarisxis kontroli standarTan SesabamisobasTan dakavSirebiT, damoxdes mosaxleobis informirebulobis gazrda xarisxian produqciasTandakavSirebiT.Sps “HIBA”-s mier iodirebuli marilis importi xorcieldebaavtotransportiT TurqTidan, yovelwliurad daaxloebiT 45 t. odenobiT,kvartalSi erTxel, transportirebis xangZlioba 2-3 dRea. ; firmas argaaCnia xarisxis uzrunvelyofis sistema, ar hyavT TanamSromeli,romelic pasuxismgebelia marilSi iodis adeqvturobaze, marilisSenaxvis pirobebi srul distribuciamde ar kontroldeba.Sps “geo-soli”-s mier marilis importi xorcieldeba ukrainidan,yovelwliurad 35 000 tona, tranportireba xdeba rkinigziTa da gemiT,32

transportirebis xangZlioba 12-16 dRea, firmas hyavs TanamSromeli,romelic pasuxismgebelia marilSi iodis adeqvaturobaze. marilisSenaxva xorcieldeba pirobebis kontroliT, maT mer importiebulimarilis fasi mimdinare wels umniSvnelod gaizarda, risi mizezic iyotransportisa da sawarmos mier produqtis gaZvireba. maTi winadadebebiTsasurvelia ganbaJeba moxdes swrafad da “Sesabamisobis sertifikatis “aReba ganxorcieldes sabiTumo sawyobSi dasawyobebis Semdeg,realizacamde. problemaa savaWro niSnis falsifikacia.i/m “nikoloz beriZe”-m erTjeradad ganxorciela marilis importiavtotransportiT sasomxeTidan 15 tonis odenobiT, distribuciacpiradad ganaxorciela. misi winadadebiT, aucilebelia importisgamartiveba.4.4. iodirebuli marilis laboratoriuli gamocdebisa da “Sesabamisobissertifikatis” arsebuli mdgomareoba2007 wels akreditebuli laboratoriebis mier iodirebuli marilislaboratoriuli gamocdebisa da “Sesabamisobis sertifikatis” arsebulimdgomareobis SefasebisaTvis mivmarTeT akreditebli laboratoriebisxelmZRvanelebs, maT mier mowodebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, 2007 wlisianvridan 28 dekembramdeSps „normas” mier gacemulia 4 Sesabamisobis sertifikati ( 1 Sps“pavlini‟-s, 2 Sps “prima -7”-is, da 1 Sps “T da restornebi”-s ganacxadebissafuZvelze) Catarebulia 16 laboratoriuli gamocda, maT Soris 3 Sps“kavSiri vesta”-s , 7 Sps “ponto star”-is, 2 Sps “prima 7”-is, 1 Sps “vake777‟-is da 2 “saqarTvelos wiTeli jvris sazogadoebis” momarTvebissafuZvelze.33

Sps “eqspertiza+ -is mier Catarebulia 2 labratoriuli gamocda, maTSoris 1 sertifikaciis organo “vesta +”-is da 1 sursaTis uvneblobis,veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacvis erovnuli samsaxuris mimarTvebissafuZvelze, ( franguli warmoebis marili “Sel gro”)Sps “momavali saukune”-s Catarebul aqvs 124 laboratoriuli gamocdaproeqtis farglebSi, mimdinare wels maT mier arcerTi ”Sesabamisobissertifikati” ar gacemula;Sps “etaloni”-s testirebis laboratoriaSi Catarebulia orilaboratoriuli gamokvleva da gacemulia 2 Sesabamisobis sertifikati,maT Soris 1 Sps „populi”-s mier warmodgenil niderlandebis warmoebismarilze “jozo” da 1 Spa “HIBA”-s mier warmodgenil Turquli warmoebismarilze.Sps “multitesti” – s mimdinare wlis ganmavlobaSi miRebuli aqvs 53ganacxadi iodirebuli marilis sertificirebis Taobaze. maTganlaboratoriuli gamocdis Semdeg 45 „Sesabamisobis sertifikati”gacemulia Sps “geo-sol‟-is mier warmodgenil iodirebul marilze –“artemsoli” da 4 - Sps “N&N Company”-is mier warmodgenil marilze“eqstra”. iodis masuri wilis gansazRvra orive SemTxvevaSiganxorcielda saqarTvelos erovnuli srandartis 19-98 mocemulimeTodis mixedviT. rac Seexeba Sps “ponto star kompani”-s mierwarmodgenil nimuSebs, aRniSnuli nimuSebi fortificirebuli iyokaliumis iodidiT, da maT uari eTqvaT sertifikatis gacemaze.saqarTvelos damoukidebel eqspertTa asociacias mimdinare wels arCautarebia arcerTi laboratoriuli gamokvleva iodirebul marilze daar gaucia arcerTi “Sesabamisobis sertifikati”.34

5. monitoringis Sedegebis analizi5.1 iodirebuli marilis situaciur monacemTa analizirogorc cxrili #2-12-is analizi giCvenebs, sul sacalo vaWrobis 321obieqtidan aRebuli iodirebuli marilis 1014 nimuSi. maT Soris:1.kalasi klasiki – 230 nimuSi;2.HPA - 62 nimuSi;3.asaftuzi – 23 nimuSi;4.eqstra – 109 nimuSi;5.artemsoli – 327 nimuSi;6.kalasi–goldeni _ 117 nimuSi;7.ileckaia – 9 nimuSi;8.Iod saltz – 13 nimuSi;9.Salt - 31 nimuSi;10. Usoung Proung – 10 nimuSi;11.Fior di salt iodato , 12.Tafel satz, 13. megapolisi, 14. Iod saltz, 15.Sals – 3-3 nimuSi;16.Xin-Alati, 17.kalasi kladiko 6 _ 6 nimuSi;18. basoli _ 9 nimuSi;19. Sonen saltz - 7 nimuSi;20. baskunCakis iodirebuli marili – 16 nimuSi;21. zRvis marili, 22.slavianski, 23. Youtlu, 24. Marken Iod saltz, 25.Ia salt 26.Saftur, 27. rafne; 28. Saray-salt – TiTo nimuSi;29.kalasi – 5 nimuSi;30. Bad reishenhuller – 2 nimuSi;31. astraxanis iodirebuli marili – 5 nimuSi;32. kristali – 2 nimuSi;33. Goso -2 nimuSi.35

sacalo vaWrobis obieqtebidan aRebuli iodirebuli marilis nimuSebissaxeobrivi variacia mocemulia naxazi 30-ze.amdenad, rogorc monacemebidan Cans, sacalo vaWrobis qselidanaRebuli iqna 33 dasaxelebis iodirebuli marili; importiori qveynebia:ukraina, ruseTi, saberZneTi, somxeTi, azerbaijani, germania, irani,TurqeTi, holandia, bulgareTi, italia.sxvadasxva dasaxelebis iodirebuli marilis procentuli Tanafardobaregionebis mixedviT araerTgvarovania. Sedegebis grafikuligamosaxuleba mocemulia nax. #1-11-ze.rogorc nax.1 Cans, TbilisSi sacalo vaWrobis obieqtebSi 20,9 %warmodgenilia berZnuli kalasi-klasikiT, 19,4 % ukrainuli“artemsoliT”, 10,8% berZnuli “kalasi-goldeni”, 10,2 % HPA-kladiko, 9,7% Turquli “ Salt”-iT, 8,7% somxuri mariliT “eqstra”, 5,6% - germanuli“ Iod-Saltz”, 2,6% rusuli warmoebis “ileckaia”, 2,5% germanuli “Sonen Saltz “da Turquli “asaftuzi”, 1,5 % modis iranuli warmoebis “Prung”, italiuriwarmoebis “Fior i Salt ioato” da ruseTis “baskunCakis” marili, xolo 0,5%ukrainuli warmoebis “megapolisi”, germanuli warmoebis „Tafel-Saltz”,niderlandebis warmoebis “zRvis marili”.maTgan testerebis gamoyenebiT (Tvisobrivi eqsres-analiziT) ar Seifera73 nimuSi, anu TbilisSi aRebuli nimuSebis 37,2%, xolo

imereTis regionSi aRebuli nimuSebis iodirebuli marilis 43,0 %warmodgenilia ukrainuli “artemsoliT”, 17,0 % berZnuli kalasiklasikiT,9,6 % HPA-kalasi, 8,9% somxuri mariliT “eqstra”, 7,8%berZnuli “kalasi-goldeni”, 3,0 % “kalasi kladiko”,, 2,2% astraxaniswarmoebis marili, ”, 1,5 % rusuli warmoebis “ileckaia”, da 0,7%germanuli “Sonen Saltz “ da Tafel-Saltz” da“ Iod-Saltz.maTgan testerebis gamoyenebiT (Tvisobrivi eqsres-analiziT) ar Seifera54 nimuSi, anu zestafonsa da quTaisSi aRebuli nimuSebis 40,0 %, 1515ppm-ze naklebi aRmoCnda 1 nimuSi, anu nimuSebis saerTo raodenobis2,0%

Tumca arcerT maTganSi iodSemcveloba ar akmayofilebs saqarTvelosstandartiT dadgenil normas.mcxeTa-mTianeTis regionSi aRebuli nimuSebis iodirebuli marilis 48,0% warmodgenilia ukrainuli “artemsoliT”, 37%“kalasi-goldeni”, 6 %HPA-kalasi da 2,1 % rusuli “baskunCaki”, ukrainuli “megapolisi”somxeTis “eqstra” da berZnuli “kalasi-kasiki”.”.maTgan testerebis gamoyenebiT (Tvisobrivi eqsres-analiziT) ar Seifera21 nimuSi, anu mcxeTasa da duSeTSi aRebuli nimuSebis saerToraodenobis 45,6%, 1515 ppm-ze naklebi aRmoCnda 4 nimuSi, anu nimuSebissaerTo raodenobis 2,8%.. 8 nimuSi gadaigzavna laboratoriaSititraciisaTvis. laboratoruli kvlevebis Sedegebis Tanaxmad,saanalizod wardgenili yvela nimuSi iodizirebulia, (cxrili #18-19) ,Tumca yvela maTganSi iodSemcveloba saqarTvelos standartiT dadgenilnormaze gacilebiT naklebia, gamonaklisia ukraini warmoebis“artemsoli” (nimuSis kodi 32-5), romelSic iodis masuri wili 5x10 -4 -iTaRemateba standartiT dadgenil moTxovnebs.qvemo qarTlis regionSi aRebuli nimuSebis iodirebuli marilis 38,7 %warmodgenilia ukrainuli “artemsoliT”, 21,8% “kalasi-goldeni”, 18,3%berZnuli “kalasi-kasiki”, 10,5% somxeTis “eqstra”, 4,2% rusuli warmoebis“basoli” da Turquli warmoebis “asaftuzi”, 1,4% azerbaijanuli“kristali”, 0,7 % rusuli warmoebis “slavianski”;maTgan testerebis gamoyenebiT (Tvisobrivi eqsres-analiziT) ar Seifera58 nimuSi, anu rusTavsa da marneulSi aRebuli nimuSebis saerToraodenobis 40,8%, romelTagan 8 nimuSi gadaigzavna laboratoriaSititraciisaTvis. laboratoruli kvlevebis Sedegebis Tanaxmad,saanalizod wardgenili yvela nimuSi iodizirebulia, (cxrili #20-21),garda ukrainuli warmoebis “artemsoli”-sa (nimuSis kodi 44-25) , Tumca38

yvela maTganSi iodSemcveloba saqarTvelos standartiT dadgenilnormaze gacilebiT naklebia.samegrelos regionSi aRebuli nimuSebis iodirebuli marilis 36,0 %warmodgenilia ukrainuli “artemsoliT”, 19,8 % berZnuli kalasiklasikiT,9,3 % HPA-kalasi da kalasi-goldeni, 8,1 % soxuri warmoebis“eqstra”, 7,0 % iranuli warmoebis Usounb-Prung, 5,8 % Turquli warmoebis“Salt”, 3,5 % Turquli warmoebis “asaftuzi”, da 2,3% rusuli warmoebis(astraxani) marili.maTgan testerebis gamoyenebiT (Tvisobrivi eqsres-analiziT) ar Seifera36 nimuSi, anu zugdidsa da foTSi aRebuli nimuSebis 41,8 %,romelTagan 9 nimuSi gadaigzavna laboratoriaSi titraciisaTvis.laboratoruli kvlevebis Sedegebis Tanaxmad, yvela saxeobis mariliiodiziebulia, (cxrili 22-23), Tumca yvela maTganSi iodSemcvelobanaklebia saqarTvelos standartiT dadgenil normaze..kaxeTis regionSi aRebuli nimuSebis 31,3% warmodgenili berZnuli“kalasi-klasikiT”, 21% ukrainuli “artemsoliT”, 17,1 % berZnul “kalasigoldeniT“ da Turquli “Salt”-iT, 8,1 % Turquli warmoebis “asaftuzi‟-T,5,1 % rusuli warmoebis “baskunCak”-iT‟ 2,1 % somxuri warmoebis“eqstra” marili da germanuli warmoebis “Iod-Saltz”-iT.maTgan testerebis gamoyenebiT (Tvisobrivi eqsres-analiziT) ar Seifera53 nimuSi, anu Telavsa da gurjaanSi aRebuli nimuSebis 53,5 %,romelTagan 10 nimuSi gadaigzavna laboratoriaSi titraciisaTvis.laboratoruli kvlevebis Sedegebis Tanaxmad, yvela saxeobis mariliiodizirebulia, Tumca yvela maTganSi iodSemcveloba naklebiasaqarTvelos standartiT dadgenil normaze. (cxrili 24-25);39

gansakuTrebuli mdgomareobaa raWaSi, sadac mxolod ori saxeobismarilis nimuSebi iqna aRebuli, maTgan 70% ukrainuli “artemsolia‟,xolo 30 % somxuri warmoebis “eqstra”. sul aRebuli 10 nimuSidan 2nimuSi ar Seifera testirebisas, rac onsa da ambrolaurSi aRebulinimuSebis 20 % - Seadgens. sayuradReboa is garemoeba, rom sacalovaWrobis obieqtebSi orive raionSi iyideboda 1997 wels gamoSvebuliukrainuli marili “artemsoli”; laboratoriaSi gadagzavnili 4nimuSidan ukrainuli warmoebis “artemsoli”-s 2 nimuSi (kodi 35-1 da35-3) saerTod ar iyo iodirebuli, somxuri warmoebis sufris marilSiiodSemcveloba umniSvnelod aRemateboda saqarTvelos standartiTdadgenil normas, xolo 1 nimuSi – ukrainuli warmoebis “artemsoli”srul SesabamisobaSi iyo standarTan. (cxrili 26).samcxe-javaxeTis regionSi aRebuli nimuSebis 51,4% warmodgeniliaberZnuli “kalasi-klasikiT”, 30% ukrainuli “artemsoliT”, 5,7 % HPAHPAkladikoda kalasi-goldeni, 4,3 % rusuli warmoebis (baskunCaki) marilida 1,9 % somxuri warmoebis marili “eqstra”maTgan testerebis gamoyenebiT (Tvisobrivi eqsres-analiziT) ar Seifera44 nimuSi, anu axalcixesa da borjomSi aRebuli nimuSebis 62,3 %,romelTagan 7 nimuSi gadaigzavna laboratoriaSi titraciisaTvis.laboratoruli kvlevebis Sedegebis Tanaxmad, yvela saxeobis mariliiodizirebulia, Tumca yvela maTganSi iodSemcveloba naklebiasaqarTvelos standartiT dadgenil normaze. (cxrili 27-28); gamonaklisiaukrainuli warmoebis “artemsoli”, romelSic iodSemcveloba sruladSeesabameba saqarTvelos standartiT dadgenil moTxovnas.Sida qarTlis regionSi aRebuli nimuSebis 42,1 % warmodgenilia somxuriwarmoebis @”eqstra” mariliT, 27,6% ukrainuli “artemsoliT‟, 19,7 %berZnuli kalasi klasikiT, 2,6 % rusuli warmoebis “ilecki‟ mariliT,40

xolo 1,3 %-ia iranuli “Usounb-prung” , kalasi-goldeni da Turquli“IYOTLU.“ ,maTgan testerebis gamoyenebiT (Tvisobrivi eqsres-analiziT) ar Seifera12 nimuSi, anu gorsa da kaspSi aRebuli nimuSebis 15,8 %, romelTagan 10nimuSi gadaigzavna laboratoriaSi titraciisaTvis. laboratorulikvlevebis Sedegebis Tanaxmad iranuli “Usounb-prung‟-Si (kodi 47-16) iodisSemcvleoba 18x10 -4 - iT aRemateba saqarTvelos standartiT dadgeniliodis normas, ukrainuli wrmoSobis “artemsoli” (kodi 47-5)araiodizirebulia miuxedavad imisa, rom igi gamoSvebulia 09.07- Si.danarCeni yvela saxeobis marili iodizirebulia, Tumca yvela maTganSiiodSemcveloba naklebia saqarTvelos standartiT dadgenil normaze.(cxrili 29-30); gamonaklisia somxuri warmoebis “eqstra”, romelSiciodSemcveloba srulad Seesabameba saqarTvelos standartiT dadgenilmoTxovnas.aWaris regionSi aRebulia 19 saxeobis iodirebuli marilis nimuSebi.maTgan @21,9 % -s Seadgens kalasi-klasiki, 20 % ukrainuli “artemsoli”,11,4 %-ia “kalasi goldeni”, 8,5 %-ia somxuri warmoebis “eqstra” marili,4,8 %-ia berZnuli “kalasi”, 2,8 %-ia rusuli waroebis “basoli”,bulgaruli warmoebis “Sals “ da “Xion-alati”, 1,9% -s Seadgens germanuli“Bad reisenhaller” da “Iod Salz”; 0,9 %-s Seadgens bulgaruli Marken-iod-sals,bulgaruli “safturi”, germanuli “Tafel-saltz” da “Ia-saltz, Turquli “rafne”,berZnuli H”HPA” germanuli “Sonen-saltz” da Turquli “Saray-tzy”;maTgan testerebis gamoyenebiT (Tvisobrivi eqsres-analiziT) ar Seifera54 nimuSi, anu baTumsa da qobuleTSi aRebuli nimuSebis 52,9 %, 1515 ppmzenaklebi aRmoCnda 6 nimuSi, anu nimuSebis saerTo raodenobis 5,7%

dadgenil normaze. (cxrili 31); gamonaklisia ukrainuli warmoebis“artemsoli”, romelSic iodSemcveloba srulad Seesabameba saqarTvelosstandartiT dadgenil moTxovnas.amrigad,1. 321 sacalo vaWrobis obieqtidan aRebul iqna da adgilze testirebaCautarda 1014 sxvadasxva dasaxelebis iodirebul marilis nimuSs, maTgan419 nimuSi (nimuSebis saerTo raodenobis 41,32%) testerebisgamoyenebiT ar Seifera. aRsaniSnavia, rom gamoyenebuli testerebimxolod kaliumis iodatiT (KIO 3 ) fortificirebul marilSi iZleodaiodis Tvisobriobis gansazRvras, ramdenadac, qveyanaSi moqmedistandartis Tanaxmad, marilis iodirebisaTvis daSvebulia mxolodkaliumis iodati. 15 ppm- ze naklebi iodSemcveloba aRmoCnda 14 nimuSSi(nimuSebis saerTo raodenobis 1,4%). (naxazi 31)2. 115 (nimuSebis saerTo raodenobis 11,4%) nimuSi gadagzavnili iyolaboratoriuli gamocdisaTvis, maTgan 101 (laboratoriaSigadagzavnili nimuSebis saerTo raodenobis 87,8%) nimuSinaklebiodizirebulia da ar akmayofilebs iodirebul marilSisaqarTvelos standartiT dadgenil iodSemcvelobis normas; 8 nimuSi(laboratoriaSi gadagzavnili nimuSebis saerTo raodenobis 6,96%)Seesabameba standarts, 5 nimuSSi ( laboratoriaSi gadagzavnilinimuSebis saerTo raodenobis 4,34 %) iodSemcveloba aRematebastandartiT dadgenil normas. xolo 3 nimuSi ( laboratoriaSigadagzavnili nimuSebis saerTo raodenobis 4,34 %)saerTod ar iyoiodizirebuli. (naxazi 32).42

daskvna:dReisaTvis qveyanaSi arsebobs ioddeficitur daavadebaTa aRmofxvriserovnuli programis Sesrulebaze efeqturi funqcionaluri organo,arsebobs politikuri neba da Sesabamisad politikuri gadawyvetilebebiqveyanaSi marilis sruli da sayovelTao iodirebis Sesaxeb, moqmedebskanoni, riTac regulirdeba aRniSnuli sakiTxi, SemuSvebuliaiodirebuli marilis erovnuli standarti da teqnikuri reglamentisursaTis, maT Soris marilis fortifikaciasTan dakavSirebiT, asevearsebobs monitoringisa da zedamxedvelobis ganmaxorcielebelisaxelmwifo organo, realuri mdgomareobis SefasebisaTvis srulyofililaboratoriuli qseli. Seqmnilia monacemTa baza.iodirebuli marilis xarisxis monitoringis piloturi proeqtisganxorcielebis safuZvelze Sefaseba mieca erTjeradi monitoringisSedegebs, romlis Tanaxmadac: iodirebuli marilis importireba qveyanaSi xorcieldeba imraodenobiT, rom dakmayofilebuli unda iyos mosaxleobispotenciuri moTxovna (4-5 kg marili 1 sul mosaxleze) ;saqarTvelos 10 regionSi aRebuli nimuSebis 41,32 % uaryofiTiTvisebiTi reaqcia aqvs testirebisas; laboratoriuli gamocdebisaTvis gadagzavili nimuSebis 88 %naklebiodizirebulia da iodis masuri wilis SemcvelobaSeesabameba qveyanaSi moqmed saxelmwifo standarts;arsaangariSo periodSi qveyanaSi importirebulia rogorc kaliumisiodatiT, ise kaliumis iodidiT fortificirebuli marili;43

zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare, mizanSewonilad migvaCniamonitoringis Sedegad gamovlenili darRvevebis aRmofxvris,arasasurvel movlenaTa Tavidan acilebis, maTi gamosworebagaumjobesebismizniT, momzaddes gadawyvetilebebi da gatardesqmediTi RonisZiebebi warmodgenili rekomendaciebisgaTvaliswinebiT.rekomendaciebiiodirebuli marilis xarixis monitoringi, sacalo vaWrobisobieqtebze, ganxorcielda mxolod saqarTvelos did qalaqebsa daraionebSi, erTjeradad. miRebuli Sedegebidan gamomdinare, srulisituaciuri analizisaTvis, mizanSewonilad migvaCnia rutinulimonitoringis sistemis danergva, rac gulisxmobs imas, romganxorcieldeba nimuSebis perioduli aReba marilSiiodSemcvelobis normasTan Sesabamisobis dadgenis mizniT daaseve iodirebuli marilis sruli inspeqcia, risTvisacauclebelia:a. iodirebuli marilis xarisxis monitoringi ganxorcieldesqveynis masStabiT, romelic dafaravs ara marto didqalaqebsa da raionebs, aramed soflebsac, gansakuTrebiTendemur kerebs; saangariSo periodSi sacalo vaWrobis donezemonitoringi unda ganxorcieldes sul mcire samjer mainc,rac saSualebas mogvcems dinamikaSi iqnes ganxiluliarsebuli situacia, ganxorcieldes iodirebuli marilisxarisxis analizis algoriTmi, romlis drosac moxdebasacalo vaWrobis qselSi, sabiTumo vaWrobis qselSi dasabaJoze arastandartuli nimuSebis 15ppm< da 15>ppm dastandartuli nimuSebis SedarebiTi diferencialurianalizi, aigeba Sesabamisi histogramebi da statistikuri44

meTodebis gamoyenebiT ganisazRvreba standartuli daarastandartuli iodirebuli marilis saerTo ganawilebisfoni da aseve makoreqtirebeli qmdebebis gatarebismdgomareoba. Sedegebi aseve Setanil iqneba monacemTa erTianbazaSi;b. moxdes saqarTvelos kanonis “iodis, sxvamikroelementebisa da vitaminebis deficitiT gamowveulidaavadebebis profilaqtikis Sesaxeb”, aseve saqarTveloserovnuli standartis 19-98 da teqnikuri reglamentisSesabamisobaSi moyvana, kerZod: saqarTvelos kanonis “iodis, sxva mikroelementebisa davitaminebis deficitiT gamowveuli daavadebebis profilaqtikisSesaxeb” muxli 4 punqti 1- is Tanaxmad iodirebul marili dasxva fortificirebul sakvebi produqtebi unda Seesabamebodeserovnul standarts, punqti 3-is Tanaxmad ki marili iodirebuliunda iyos erovnuli standartis Sesabamisad. “sursaTisfortifikaciis teqnikuri reglamentis” Tanaxmad, fortifikantaddaSvebulia rogorc kaliumis iodatis, aseve kaliumis iodidisgamoyeneba, romelic erovnuli standartiT ar aris gansazRvruli,amdenad, mizanSewonilad migvaCnia 19-98 erovnul standartSiSevides Sesabamisi cvlilebebi, damatebebi. gamomdinare aRniSnulidan, Sesabamisi cvlilebebi unda SevidesstandartSi iodis masuri wilis gansazRvris meTodSic da masunda mieces standartuli saxe.akreditebuli dasaxelebuli laboratoriebi iodirebul marilSiiodSemcvelobis gansazRvrisaTvis iyeneben 19-98 erovnulistandartis mixedviT mocemul titraciis meTods, magram ammeTods ver gamoiyeneben kaliumis iodidiT fortificirebulimarilSi iodSemcvelobis gansazRvrisaTvis, am SemTxvevaSi maTmier gamoiyeneba gost 13685-84 “marili sufris”, gamocdismeTodebi, gost 13830-91 “marili sufris” gamocdis meTodebi, aseve45

gost r 51575-2000, mizanSewonilad migvaCnia, “sursaTisfortifikaciis teqnikuri reglamentis” miRebidan gamomdinare,erovnul standartSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebis Setanamde,laboratoriebma aqtualizacia moaxdinon ntd-sa da erTiani,unificirebuli meTodiT moaxdnon kaliumis iodidiTfortificirebuli marilSi iodSemcvelobis gansazRvra;Seusabamobaa erovnul standartsa da teqnikur reglaments Soris,fortificirebuli marilis Senaxvis vadasTan dakavSirebiT.erovnuli standartis mixedviT kaliumis iodatiTfortificirebuli marilis Senaxvis vadaa sami Tve, gamoSvebisdRidan, maSin rodesac teqnikuri reglamentis mixedviT kaliumisiodatiT fortificirebuli marilis Senaxvis vadaa 9-12 Tve, xolokaliumis iodidiT fortificirebulis – 6 Tve. aRniSnuliSesworebebi unda Sevides standartSic.Seusabamobaa da Sesworebas moiTxovs niSandebisa da markirebissakiTxic. teqnikuri reglamentis da“ momxmarebelTa uflebebisdacvis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonis mixedviT cvlileba undaSevides erovnul standartSi. markireba unda gaukeTdes qarTulenaze da aucileblad miTiTebuli unda iyos damatebuli iodisforma ( kaliumis iodidi an kaliumis iodati) . aRniSnuliqmedeba mniSvnelovania rogorc momxmareblisaTvis, ise sabaJoorganoebisa da monitoringis ganxorcielebisa damakontrolebeli moxeleebisTvisac, vinaidan berZnuli, italiuri,da sxv enaze etiketireba naklebadinforirebuls xdis produqtsda arTulebs mis identificirebas. garda aRniSnulisa, imis gamo,rom qveyanaSi mxolod imortirebuli marili realizdeba, sxvaqveynebis gamocdilebis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasurvelia moxdesmarkirebaze importioris, distributoris dasaxelebisa damisamarTis aRniSvnac.Sesworebas moiTxovs standartis 8.1.2 punqtic, romelic exebaiodirebuli marilis SefuTvas, vinaidan dReisaTvis saqarTvelos46

Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros mier“kvebis mrewvelobaSi gamosayeneblad nebadarTuli masalebisnusxa” ar aris SemuSavebuli da damtkicebuli. saqarTvelos kanonis “iodis, sxva mikroelementebisa davitaminebis deficitiT gamowveuli daavadebebis profilaqtikisSesaxeb” me-5 muxlis punqti 2-is Tanaxmad araiodirebulimarilis importireba dasaSvebia mxolod saqarTvelos SromisjanmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros nebarTvisTanaxmad, maSin rodesac dReisaTvis amisi uflebamosilebaminiWebuli aqvs soflis meurneobis saministros sursaTisuvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacvis erovnulsamsaxurs, saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ministris 2006 wlis16 oqtombris #2-197 brZanebiT damtkicebulia “araiodizireblimarilis importis sanebarTvo mowmobis formisa da aRricxvaangariSgebiswesi”. aqedan gamomdinare saWiroa kanonSi Sesabamisicvlilebebis Setana. cvlilebebs saWiroebs saqarTvelos kanonis “iodis, sxvamikroelementebisa da vitaminebis deficitiT gamowveulidaavadebebis profilaqtikis Sesaxeb” me-6 muxlis punqti 3,vinaidan iodirebuli marilisa da sxva fortificirebuli sakvebiprodutebis warmoebis licenzireba dReisaTvis SeCerebulia. asevear funqcionirebs savaldebuli sertificirebisganmaxorcielebeli administraciuli organo – sajaro samarTlisiuridiuli piri –standartizaciis, metrologiisa dasertifikaciis erovnuli saagento. TviT termini “savaldebulisertificireba” aris qmedeba da ara dokumenti, romelicproduqtis xarisxobrivi an uvneblobis maCveneblebisdadasturebaa, amitom sasurvelia kanonSi sertificirebasTandakavSirebiT moxdes Sesabamisi cvlilebebis Setana.47

gasaTvaliswinebelia is garemoeba, rom saqarTvelos mTavrobis 45-e dadgenilebis danarTi 1-Si, romelSic CamoTlilia is qveynebiromelTa teqnikuri reglamentebisc aRiarebulia, ar SedisTurqeTi, irani da bulgareTi, saidanac xocieldeba iodirebulimarilis importi; rogorc finansTa saministros Semosavlebissamsaxuridan gvacnobes, aRiSnuli nusxis gadaxedva da ganaxlebaunda moxdes weliwadSi erTxel mainc, SesabamisisamTavrobaTaSorisi xelSekrulebis gaTvaliswinebiT. garda amisa,saqarTvelos parlamentis mier, ratificirebas saWiroebs 2001wels xelmowerili damoukidebel Tanamegobrobis wevrsaxelmwifoTa SeTanxmeba, “ damoukidebel saxelmwifoTaTanamegobrobis wevri qveynebis mosaxleobaSi ioddeficituridaavadebebis profilaqtikis Sesaxeb”.cvlilebebs saWiroebs aseve saqarTvelos kanonis “iodis, sxvamikroelementebisa da vitaminebis deficitiT gamowveulidaavadebebis profilaqtikis Sesaxeb” muxli 9, romliTacgansazRvrulia iodirebuli marilis eronul standartTanSesabamisobis kontroli. es uflebamosileba dReisaTvissaqarTvelos kanonis “sursaTis uvneblobisa da xarisxia Sesaxeb”Tanaxmad miniWebuli aqvs soflis meurneobis saministrossursaTis uvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacviserovnul samsaxurs. mosamzadebelia saqarTvelos kanonis “iodis, sxvamikroelementebisa da vitaminebis deficitiT gamowveulidaavadebebis profilaqtikis Sesaxeb” muxli 11-is Tanaxmad“vadagasuli iodirebuli marilisa da sxva fortificirebulisakvebi produqtebis gadamuSavebis, reiodirebis, teqnikuridaniSnulebiT gamoyenebisa da ganadgurebis wesis SesaxebsaqrTvelos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis, soflis meurneobisa,48

unebrivi resursebis ( garemos dacvis) da Sromis, janmrTelobisada socialuri dacvis ministrebis erToblivi brZaneba, asevesoflis meurneobisa da Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuridacvis ministrebis erToblivi brZaneba, “iodirebuli marilisa dasxva fortificirebul sakeb produqtebSi fortifikantebisSemcvelobisa da fortificirebis meTodebis Sesaxeb”. sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri –standartizaciis,metrologiisa da sertifikaciis erovnuli saagentosuflebamonacvle samsaxurma ganaxorcielos kanoniT maszedelegirebuli valdeblebebi “adamianTa da cxovelTa sakvebadgamosayenebli iodirebuli marilis dafasoebis, Senaxvis,SefuTvis, markirebis, transportirebisa da standarti” – sSemuSaveba da damtkiceba.AcxovelTa moxmarebisaTvis gankuTvnili iodirebuli marilisgamoyenebis normebis SemuSaveba da damtkiceba; gamomdinare zemoaRniSnulidan, dReisaTvis aucilebeliasauwyebaTaSoriso moqmedebebis aqtivacia, dargobrivsaministroebSi pasuxismgebeli pirebis – koordinatorebisdaniSvna, romlebic regularulad, daaxlebiT 6 TveSi erTxelmainc, Setyobinebis sistemis danergviT,urTierTinformirebulobis safuZvelze Seafaseben arsebulmdgomareobas da Sesabamisad moamzadeben winadadebebsstrategiuli gadawyvetilebebis miRebisaTvis.garda sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebisa, monitoringis Sedegebidangamomdinare, aucileblad migvaCnia gaaqtiurdes TanamSromlobaimportiorebTan. maT, makoreqtirebeli qmedebebis49

ganxorcielebisa da mdgomareobis gamosworebis mizniT, mudmivadunda miewodoT informacia monitoringis farglebSiganxorcielebuli laboratoriuli kvlevebisa da qveyanaSiarsebuli normatiuli dokumentebis moTxovnaTa Sesaxeb. maTiarainformirebulobis safuZvels iZleva maT mier importirebuliiodirebuli marilis xarisxobrivi maCveneblebi, SefuTvazeniSandeba, Senaxvis vada (2010,2012?) da anketa-kiTxvaris pasuxebi.importirebuli marilis sruli sruli situaciuri analizisaTvismonacemebi importiorebis, maT mier importirebuli iodirebulimarilis raodenobis, dasaxelebis, SefuTvis, dafasoebis, xarisxis,Senaxvisa da transportirebis pirobebis, fasebis, savaWroobieqtebSi maTi ganawilebis gaTvaliswinebiT. monitoringi ammxriv unda ganxorcieldes weliwadSi erTxel mainc.saqarTvelos kanonis “sursaTis uvneblobisa da xarisxis Sesaxeb”muxli 24-e Tanaxmad sursaTis xarisxis saxelmwifo kontrolimoicavs aramarto nimuSebis aRebas,EBaramed dokumenturi masalisSemowmebas, es kidev erTxel adasturebs importiorebis,distributorebisa da makontolebeli organos – suraTisuvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacvis erovnulisamsaxuris urTierTTanamSromlobis aucileblobas.mizanSewonilia marilis importiorebi flobdnen im normatiuldokumentacias, romlis mixedviTac xdeba maT mier importirebulimarilis warmoeba. importiorebis/distributorebis testerebiT(kaliumis iodatiT da kaliumis iodidiT fortificirebulimarilisaTvis) uzrunvelyofa.iodirebuli marilis (importis) ruqebis Sedgena;50

administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebulida Sesabamisi informaciis mopoveba.D sasurvelia komunikaciuri komponentis ganaxleba dagaZliereba, maT Soris, “idd dRis” daarseba, leqciebi,diskusiebi, samuSao Sexvedrebi, skolebSi, saswavlodawesebulebebSi, did savaWro obieqtebSi informaciuli saxisleqciebis wakiTxva, savaWro obieqtebis mflobelTa metiinformirebulobis mizniT Sesabamisi bukletebis dabeWdva dagavrceleba, satelevizio gamosvlebis gaaqtiureba da sxv.portebsa da sabaJo punqtebis TanamSromelTa informirebulobisgazrda, Sesabamisi seminarebSi da treiningebSi monawileoba..51