28 saerTo gazeTi #20 (204), 25.IV.-1.V, 2012 w. mogzauroba samSobloSi yinwvisuri kvali Zamis xeoba mas Semdeg, rac samwevrisis kompleqsi vnaxeT da ciciSvilebic vaxseneT, Zamis xeobis siRrmisken unda daviZraT. mdinaris marjvena napirze gadasasvlelad umjobesia foni sofel saneblidan veZioT, rac damatebiT ori saintereso Zeglis naxvis saSualebas mogvcems. sanebeli patara sofelia. misgan Crd-aRmosavleTiT, samasiod metrSi, nasoflaris teritoriaze Semonaxulia mcire jvargumbaTovani taZris (12,7X7,8 m) naSTebi: sakurTxevlis afsidi, koxtad gaTlili muqi ruxi qvis martivi ze- Zirkveli, 1-3 metri simaRlis kedlebi, romlebic riyis qviTa da qviSaqvis uxeSad gaTlili lodebi- Taa amoyvanili. taZarSi gamoyenebulia aguric, romliTac samxreTisa da dasavleTis karis Riobebi yofila gadaxuruli. saydari, romelic wm. giorgis saxelobisaa, XVII saukunis Semdegaa a<strong>ge</strong>buli. kargi iqneba Tu mdinareze gadasvlas ar viCqarebT da mas napirnapir avuyvebiT. or kilometrSi kidev erT patara sofelSi _ vedrebaSi SevalT, romelic 50 metriT maRlaa. saxelwodebidan gamomdinare, vedreba, TiTqos Zveli so- saneblis naeklesiari feli unda iyos, magram vaxuSti batoniSvili, romelic icnobs sanebels, vedrebas ar asaxelebs. arada, vedrebaSi sanebelze gacilebiT Zveli naeklesiaria. igi soflis sasaflaoze dgas da RvTismSoblis saxelobisaa. saydari Zalianaa dangreuli, Tumca Tavis droze _ IX- X saukuneebSi _ mSvenieri Sesaxedavi iqneboda Tlili qviSaqvis perangis gamo. yuradRebas iqcevs isic, rom adre taZars sakurTxevlis kedelSi, sarkmlidan aqeTiqiT, iatakidan 1,6 metris doneze, maRali niSnebi hqonia, romlebic gvian xanebSi amouqolavT. amave kedelSi zed iatakis doneze kidev ori dabali niSia, romlebic, al- baT, saeklesio inventaris samalavi iyo. axla ukve droa ukan, saneblisken gavbrundeT da Zamis marjvena sanapiroze gadavideT, sadac yinwvisi gvelodeba. vaxuSti batoniSvili yinwvisis nacvlad yincviss wers da garda imisa, rom Zamis xeoba- Si arsebul mSvenier taZars axsenebs, Tavis rukaze amave saxelwodebis sofels awyurTan axlos, Tiselis xeobaSic aTavsebs. amitom, sanam eklesias movinaxulebdeT, albaT, toponimis warmomavlobiTac unda davinteresdeT. sulxan-saba orbeliani gvTavazobs erT sityvas, romelic Sinaarsobrivad da fonetikurad Zalian sainteresoa yinwvisTan mimarTebaSi: es aris fuZe `xinc~ da aqedan nawarmoebi `Camoxincva~. ai, ras wers igi: `Camoxincva _ Camosvla mTidgan barSi, mTiskacni xmaroben _ `axla CamovixinceniTo~. sainteresoa fuZe `xinZT~, aqedan nawarmoebi `xinZvac~ (tomris piris wakvra) da `saxinZavic~ (samalavi adgili). albaT, arc `yinCi~, da `yinwi~ unda daviviwyoT, magram upiratesoba mainc mTidan barad Camosaxlebas da samalav adgils unda mivaniWoT. me saswors am orSic pirvelis sasar<strong>ge</strong>blod gadavxri, radgan samalavi adgilis Sinaarsis matarebeli toponimi yinwvisis msgavsi mdebareobis soflisaTvis mTlad misaRebi ar aris. am sja-baasSi yinwvissac mivadeqiT. `... ars monasteri yincviss wmidis nikolaozisa, gunbaTiani, didSvenierad naSeni maRals adgilsa zeda. zis winamZRvari~ _ wers vaxuSti. maRali adgilisa ra mogaxsenoT, magram yiwvisi rom didebulia, amas damtkiceba ar Wirdeba. aguriT aSenebul taZrebSi mas mxolod erTi uwevs konkurencias da imasac `yinwvisis Zmas~ uwodeben moferebiT (saubaria gujareTis xeobaSi mdebare timoTesubnis taZarze). Soridan saubars, albaT, monastris teritoriaze Sesvla sjobs. sataZro kompleqsi Sed<strong>ge</strong>ba wm. nikolozis, RvTismSoblisa da wm. giorgis eklesiebisgan da galavan- Si Cadgmuli koSkura samreklosgan. yvelaze gviandelia yvelaze mcire (5,1X4,5 m) wm. giorgis saydari, romelic Tlili qviTaa na<strong>ge</strong>bi. mZime mdgomareobaSia aseve Tlili qviT na<strong>ge</strong>bi `RvTismSobeli~, romelic, SesaZloa, `wm. nikolozze~ adrea a<strong>ge</strong>buli. am eklesiidan mxolod aRmosavleTis kedelia gadarCenili Tavisi moxatuli konqiT. `RvTismSoblis~ mxatvroba did saerTos poulobs mTavari taZris _`wm.nikolozis~ freskeb- Tan da albaT, erTi da imave drois _ XII-XIII saukuneebis Semoqmedebaa. yinwvisis `wminda nikolozi~, `RvTismSobeli~ da an<strong>ge</strong>lozis freska. rogorc vTqviT, `wminda nikolozi~, konstruqciul mzid nawilebs Tu ar miviRebT mxedveloba- Si, mTlianad aguris Senobaa, magram Zalian mkvidradaa na<strong>ge</strong>bi. erTgvar moulodnelobad unda miviCnioT odnav Seisruli kamarebisa da TaRebis gamoCena, rac XI-XII saukuneTa gardamaval xanebs ufro axasiaTebda. <strong>ge</strong>gmarebaSi raime axali sityva aq ar igrZnoba, magram rac aris, yvelaferi umaRles donezea. `wminda nikolozi~ centraluri jvargumbaTovani taZaria. misi ZiriTadi sxeuli, dasavleTis, samxreTisa da CrdiloeTis karib- Weebis da ekvderis gareSe, sigrZe- Si 19,7, xolo siganeSi 14 metria. simaRle gumbaTis qveS 24,3 metria. `wm. nikolozis~ mTavari Rirseba misi mxatvrobaa, romelic Tamar mefis pirveli vaziris anton Wyondidelis (glonisTavisZis) dakveTiT aris Sesrulebuli. igi moxseniebulia samxreT mklavis samxreT kedlis dazianebul freskul warwera- Si. yinwvisis mxatvrobaze imdeni ram aris naTqvami, rom Cvengan raimes damateba uxerxulic kia. veranairad gavixsene vin Tqva: erTi naxatiT rom SeiZlebodes msjeloba, renesansis aTvlis wertilad SeiZleboda yinwvisis an<strong>ge</strong>lozi migveCnia. aRsaniSnavia kidev erTi garemoeba: XII-XIII saukuneTa mijnis <strong>ge</strong>nialur mxatvrobas mxars ubams dasavleT narTeqsis gviandeli mxatvrobac. misi damkveTi yofila zaza cicis Ze fanaskerteli (samkurnalo wign `karabadinis~ avtori da cnobili politikuri moRvawe), romelmac samudamod daasaxla fanaskertelebi Sida qarTlSi da saTave daudo ciciSvilTa sagvareulos. misi da misi gvaris Sesaxeb wina weril- Sic visaubreT da Zamis xeobaSi momdevno mogzaurobis drosac SevivsebT codnas, axla ki umjobesia, yinwvisis gviandel mxatvrobas mivubrundeT. igi sxvadasxva period- Sia Sesrulebuli. misi erTi nawili XV saukunis SemorCenili freskebia. es metadre narTeqsis Sua sa- Tavsze iTqmis, sadac zaza faenaskertelis qtitoruli freskaa (Crd.kedeli). aris mosazreba da xalxSic le<strong>ge</strong>ndasaviT dadis is ambavi, rom XV saukunis freskebis avtori zaza fanaskertelis 5 Svilidan erT-erTi _ is siauS fanaskertelia, romelic Sah-Tamazis karze dawinaurebuli da aRiarebuli mxatvari iyo. es sakiTxi bolomde gamorkveuli ar aris da siauSis fanaskertelobaze dabejiTebiT saubari sariskoa. (ist. cnobili siau- Sis naxatebidan dRes cnobilia `Sevardeni~). sanacvlod erTi ramis Tqma SeiZleba dabejiTebiT: XII-XV saukunis yinwvisis <strong>ge</strong>nialuri mxatvrebis vinaoba rom ucnobia, es Cveni tradiciuli codvaa: sicocxle- Si saTanado pativs ar miva<strong>ge</strong>bT <strong>ge</strong>niosebs, gardacvalebis Semdeg ki xelis cecebiT, varaudebiT daveZebT maT saxelebsa da saflavebs. ... yinwvisidan zRuderSi mivideT. am patara sofelSi, romelsac iranelTa da osmalo dampyrobTa winaaRmdeg brZolaSi didi Wiri daadga da dacarielda, XIX saukuneSi raWidan Camosuli joxTaberi- Zeebi dasaxlebulan. ase gagrZelda aq aTaswleulTa cxovreba, romlis kvali goCaanTkarSi warmoebulma arqeologiurma gaTxrebma gamoavlina. aqtiuri antikuri cxovrebis dasturi imas gveubneba, rom Zamis xeobaze qvemo qarTlisken da samxreT saqarTvelosken mimavali sakvanZo gza gadioda. soflis saxelwodeba zRuderic raRac uZveles da uZlieres zRudeze migvaniSnebs. rogorc Cans, swored aseTma aqtiurma cxovrebam mouRo bolo sofels da VI-VII saukuneebis samnavian bazilikas, romelic araer- Txel (X, XII, XV, XVII ss) gadaukeTebiaT da aRud<strong>ge</strong>niaT, magram bolos ise daqceula, rom mxolod calkeuli fragmentebi gadarCenila. aq sanaxavi bevri araferia. zRuderi Zamisa da misi marjvena Senakadis _ imerxevis SesarTav- Sia da sanam ZiriTad xeobas avuyvebodeT, imerxevSi Sesvla da iqidan ZaZvis monasterSi gadasvlac ar iqneba urigo. savaraudoa, rom mSvidobianobis Jams erT-erTi mTis dasaxleba ZaZvic iqneboda, saidanac gadarCenili qarTveloba Camoixinca barSi... xom gvaxsovs, rom yinwvisi yvelaze ufro, albaT, am Sinaarsis toponimia. <strong>ge</strong>la qoqiaSvili avtoris fotoebi yinwvisis `wminda nikolozi~: Tamaris freska _ XII-XIII s. da zaza fansakertelis freska XV s.
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