Tab. 20.3 Igiene degli alimenti ad uso umano - IZS della Lombardia ...

TAB. 20.3 - RICERCHE EFFETTUATE 

Andreoli° G 

IGIENE DEGLI ALIMENTI AD USO UMANO 

Trichinellosi: aspetti eziologici ed epidemiologici nell'uomo e negli animali alla luce della 

normativa di riferimento (Reg.ce 2075/2005) 

Alimenti, ambiente, biologia clinica, biotecnologie : realtà attuali della professione (aspetti normativi 

e pratici) : XXII Congresso Internazionale Ordine Nazionale dei Biologi, European Countries 

Biologists Association : 14-18 Ottobre 2009, Cervia (Ravenna) / [s.l. : s.n., 2009]. - p 38 [Nr. Estr. 

4386] 

Congresso Internazionale Ordine Nazionale dei Biologi e European Countries Biologists Association 

(22 : Cervia (Ravenna) : 14-18 Ottobre 2009) 

Arrigoni° N, Scavia G, Tamba° M 

Latte crudo: esperienze e problematiche igenico-sanitarie in Regione Emilia Romagna 

Large Anim Rev. - Vol. 15 no 5 ( 2009). - p 215-219.- 14 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4228] 

Assini° W, Tognoli° N, Bozzoni° E, Gasparini° M, Dusi° G 

Development and validation of a confirmatory method for the determination of gestagens in 

animal fat sample by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry 

1st Mass Spectometry Food Day : 2-3 December 2009 Parma / [Parma : s.n., 2009]. - p - 2 bib ref 

[Nr. Estr. 4249] 

Mass Spectometry Food Day (1 : Parma : 2-3 December 2009) 

A confirmatory method for the determination of eight gestagens in animal fat was developed and 

validated. After acetonitrile extraction and SPE clean up the analytes were detected by positive ion 

electrospray LC-MS/MS using deuterium-labelled internal standards. The parameters taken into 

account during the validation, carried out according to the Decision 2002/657/EC criteria, were: 

decision limit (CCa), detection capability (CCb), precision, recovery, calibration curves, specificity 

and ruggedness. 

Badan M, Dorigo M, Dalvit P, Zambon D, Biancotto G, Bertocchi° L, Varisco° G, 

Barberio A 

Approfondimenti sulla dinamica di trasferimento delle aflatossine nel latte bovino: fattori di 

variabilità individuale nell’escrezione di aflatossine M1 = Factors affecting Aflatoxin M1 

excretion into milk 

Buiatria. - Vol. 4 no 3 ( 2009). - p 39-44. - 5 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4193] 

L’obiettivo di questa comunicazione è descrivere i risultati di uno studio effettuato per valutare il 

potenziale effetto di alcuni fattori di variabilità individuali (fase di lattazione, produzione di latte, 

ordine di parto, contenuto di cellule somatiche, ingestione) sulla quantità di Aflatossina M1 (AFM1) 

escreta nel latte. A 12 bovine in lattazione, di razza Frisona italiana, sono stati somministrati 500g di 

farina di mais naturalmente contaminata con AFB1 per 5 giorni e successivamente 800g della 

stessa farina per altri 5 giorni: tale alimento contaminato conteneva mediamente 29.7 ppb di AFB1. 

L’ordine di parto non ha influenzato la concentrazione di AFM1 nel latte. La valutazione della fase di 

lattazione ha evidenziato un contenuto medio di AFM1 maggiore nelle bovine con meno di 40 giorni 

di lattazione rispetto a quelle con più di 40 giorni. L’eliminazione di maggiori quantità di M1 nelle 

vacche fresche è stato messo in correlazione con la maggiore produzione di latte: in questa

sperimentazione tuttavia il confronto fra animali con livelli produttivi diversi (< vs >17 Kg/die) non ha 

evidenziato differenze. Il contenuto di cellule somatiche non si è dimostrato sufficientemente alto (< 

300.000/ml) da consentire il confronto fra gruppi. Si è infine evidenziato un tendenziale calo 

dell’ingestione durante tutto il periodo di somministrazione della farina contaminata nonostante i 

bassi valori di AFB1 ingeriti. 

The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of lactation phase, milk yield, parity, somatic cell 

count and feed intake on conversion of dietary aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) into milk aflatoxin M1(AFM1). 12 

Friesian lactating dairy cows were fed 500g of a naturally contaminated corn flour, for 5 days, 

followed by another 5 day-period during which the animals were fed 800g of the same flour. The 

contaminated feedstuff contained an average of 29.7 ppbs of AFB1. No effect could be attributed to 

parity, but AFM1 levels were higher in fresh cows (< 40 DIM) than in cows late in lactation (> 40 

DIM): in this study these results could not be related to milk yield since we found no differences 

between different production levels (higher vs lower than 17 Kg). The somatic cell count was not 

related to aflatoxin carry over into milk: however, the somatic cell levels were not high enough (< 

300.000/ml) to draw any significant conclusions. Even at low levels of AFB1 intake, cows showed a 

decreasing trend in feed intake during the contaminated flour administration. 

Barbaro A, Bianchi DM, Gallina S, Chiavacci L, Pavoni° E°, Losio° MN, Decastelli L 

Presenza di Toxoplasma Gondii in carni fresche, prodotti e preparazioni di carni abitualmente 

consumati crudi in Piemonte 

XI Congresso Nazionale SIDiLV : Parma, Centro Congressi, Comune di Parma 30 Settembre - 2 

Ottobre 2009 : volume degli atti / [s.l. : Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria ( 

SIDiLV ), 2009]. - p 85-86. - 7 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4108] 

Congresso Nazionale Societa' Italiana Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria (SIDiLV) (11. : Parma 

: 30 Settembre - 2 Ottobre 2009) 

The aim of the study is to investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in fresh meat and meat 

products intended to be eaten raw in Piedmont region. During 2008 we analysed 111 samples of 

fresh meat and meat products collected by the Veterinary Service during the activity of regional 

monitoring plan; samples were analyzed with molecular methods in order to identify DNA of the 

target parasite. We obtained a prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii between 20,7 to 31% with RT-PCR 

method and the confi rmation rate with sequencing method was 87,5%. 

Bardasi° L, Bonilauri° P, Rugna° G, Galletti° G, Fed rizzi° G, Santandrea G, 

Gandolfi P, Vecchi G, Merialdi° G 

Sviluppo di Listeria innocua in coppa di testa naturalmente contaminata = Growth of naturally 

occuring Listeria innocua in coppa di testa 

XIX Convegno Nazionale AIVI : la filiera corta: lo stato dell’arte, la tutela del consumatore, le 

difficoltà e le prospettive : Perugia 24 - 25 - 26 Giugno 2009 / [s.n. : s.l., 2009]. - p 47 [Nr. Estr. 4182] 

Convegno Nazionale AIVI (19 : Perugia : 24 - 25 - 26 Giugno 2009) 

Coppa di testa is a traditional cookcd pork salami produced in different ltalian regions. The main raw 

material is deboned meat of pork head with the addition of tongue and rind. After a long (3-5 h) high 

temperature (97°C) cooking, additives and flavourin gs are added and the salami is prepared. After 

cooling the salami is often portioned and vacuum-packaged. In this study the growth of naturally 

occurring contaminati on of Listcria innocua in thrce batches of vacuum packaged Coppa di testa, 

stored at 4°C for 80 days, is described. The averag e µmax was 0.24 (days-1) and thc average 

doubling time was 2.87 days. The maximum growth level ranged from 4.90 to 8.17 (log10 cfu/g). 

Thesc results indicate that Coppa di testa definitely supports the growth of Listeria innocua in the 

considered storage conditions. Taking into account that at 4°C Listcria monocytogenes strains are 

associated with higher grow rates than L. innocua, these results emphasize the importance of 

preventing Listcria monocytogenes contamination in the produetion stages following cooking.

Bardasi° L, Giommi E, Fontana° MC, Galletti° G°, Mer ialdi° G, 

Confronto fra il metodo ISO 6579:2002 e il metodo ISO 6579:2002/Amd 1:2007 per la ricerca di 

Salmonella spp. in carcasse di Tacchino 






Salmonella spp. is an important cause of foodborne disease in humans. The aim of the present 

study was to compare the ability of the international standard method ISO 6579:2002 used for 

isolation of Salmonella spp. in poultry carcasses (neck skin samples) to ISO 6579:2002/Amd.1:2007 

, used for isolation of Salmonella spp. in faeces and environmental samples. 235 samples of turkey 

neck skin were examined for Salmonella spp.. The results obtained with two method showed no 

differences: k =0,93 (IC 95%: 0,88 – 0,98). 

Bonardi S, Paris A, Salmi F, Bacci C, Floriani ME, Bignami S, D'Incau° M, 

Tagliabue° S, Brindani F 

Il suino quale portatore faringeo di stipiti di Yersinia enterocolitica patogeni per l'uomo = The 

role of pigs as pharyngeal carriers of human pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica strains 

AIVI Rivista dell’Associazione Italiana Veterinari Igienisti. - Vol. 3 ( 2009). - p 51-54. - 23 bib ref [Nr. 

Estr. 4381] 

From March 2007 to January 2008, a total of 170 pigs at slaughter were tested for Y. enterocolitica 

contamination in tonsils tissue. The animals carne from 125 different farms located in four regions of 

Northern Italy Y. enterocolitica was isolated from 19 out of 170 (11.2%) tonsils samples. The 

prevalent bio-serotype (68.4%) was 4/0:3, followed by bioserotypes 1A/0:8 (15.8%), IA/0:5 (10.5%) 

and 4/0:8 (5.2%). Among bio-serotype 4/0:3, several strains possessed yadA, ail and ystA virulente 

genes. 

Boselli E, Rodriguez-Estrada MT, Fedrizzi° G, Caboni MF 

Cholesterol photosensitised oxidation of beef meat under standard and modified atmosphere 

at retail conditions 

Meat Sci. - Vol. 81 ( 2009). - p 224-229. - 29 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4174] 

The effect of the fluorescent light exposure and type of packaging (normal atmosphere and oxygenrich 

atmosphere) was evaluated on the oxidation parameters (peroxides and cholesterol oxidation 

products) of raw beef slices placed in packed vessels and refrigerated. The concentration of COPs 

in meat treated under modified atmosphere ranged from 0.15 to 0.52 mg/100 g meat (average value 

of 0.27 mg COPs/100 g meat), which was twice as much as the average COPs content (0.14 

mg/100 g) of meat packed under air (0.04–0.27 mg COPs/100 g meat). The main cholesterol oxide 

was 7k, which represented about one third of the total cholesterol oxides, followed by 7ß-OH (20– 

25% of total COPs), 7a-OH (about 20%) and ß-epoxy (12–18%). In normal atmosphere, 

photoxidation was a superficial process, since an inverse correlation between meat slice weight and 

COPs content on a lipid basis was observed, unlike in a high oxygen (32%) atmosphere.

Bulgari O, Campagnari M, Bolzoni° G, Gigliotti C, Ca roli AM 

Dosaggio dell’attività enzimatica delle proteasi del latte bovino = Quantification of bovine milk 

total protease activity 

Sci Tec Latt Casearia. - Vol. 60 no 5 ( 2009). - p 463-472. - 24 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4280] 

Il sistema proteico del latte è un elemento di fondamentale importanza sia dal punto di vista della 

qualità nutrizionale del latte, sia per le evidenti implicazioni sulle caratteristiche tecnologiche del 

latte. Si tratta di un sistema dinamico: le lattoproteine sintetizzate dalle cellule mammarie sono 

sottoposte all’azione di enzimi proteolitici, con importanti ripercussioni su aspetti tecnologici e 

nutrizionali del latte. L’idrolisi enzimatica delle proteine può avere effetti favorevoli su aspetti quali lo 

sviluppo di sapori e i cambiamenti della tessitura durante la maturazione dei formaggi. Tuttavia, una 

proteolisi indesiderata può condizionare in modo negativo la qualità del latte e derivati e la shelf-life 

degli stessi. Nel presente lavoro è stato applicato un metodo colorimetrico per la valutazione delle 

proteasi totali in campioni di latte bovino aziendali e individuali. Il metodo, che utilizza come 

substrato l’azocaseina, è stato ottimizzato e standardizzato per rispondere alle esigenze di 

laboratorio e alle caratteristiche del latte prodotto in provincia di Brescia. Tale metodo colorimetrico 

si è dimostrato di facile applicazione e può essere indicato per un monitoraggio su ampia scala delle 

proteasi totali in campioni di latte aziendali e individuali. Sono stati analizzati preliminarmente 20 

campioni di latte aziendale e 40 campioni di latte individuale, ottenendo un’attività media di proteasi 

pari a 5,6 mU/mL, con una deviazione standard di 1,1 mU/mL, un valore minimo di 3,2 mU/mL e un 

valore massimo di 8,4 mU/mL. 

Milk protein system exerts a crucial role from the point of view of both milk nutritional quality and 

technological properties. It is a dynamic system: milk proteins synthesised by the mammary cells 

undergo the action of proteolitic enzymes with important effects on milk quality. Milk protein 

enzymatic hydrolysis can favourably affect flavour development and texture changes during cheese 

ripening. However, unwished proteolysis can have a negative effect on both dairy product quality 

and shelf-life. A colorimetric method was used to quantify total proteases in bovine herd and 

individual samples. The method, based on azocasein substrate, was optimised and standardised for 

fitting laboratory conditions and analysed milk characteristics. It is a cheap and easily applicable 

method and can be used for routine milk tests. A preliminary analysis was performed on 20 herd and 

40 individual milk samples. The protease mean activity was 5.6 mU/mL (standard deviation =1.1 

mU/mL; minimum value = 3.2 mU/mL; maximum value = 8.4 mU/mL). 

Carra° E, Bassi° S, Sarti M, Fontana MR, D'Incau° M, L ambertini A, Pongolini° A 

Indagine molecolare di un focolaio di salmonellosi umana da Salmonella enterica subsp. 

enterica serovar Manhattan, confronto tra stipiti di focolaio e da collezione = Molecular 

investigation of a human Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Manhattan outbreak, 

comparison between outbreak and collection isolates 

V Workshop nazionale di epidemiologia veterinaria "L'epidemiologia veterinaria di fronte ai 

cambiamenti naturali e sociali che influenzano la salute" : Torino, 10-11 Dicembre 2009 / a cura di 

Gaia Scavia ... [et al.]. - Roma : Istituto Superiore di Sanità, c2009. - (ISTISAN congressi ; 09/C13) p 

32-33 [Nr. Estr. 4293] 

Workshop nazionale di epidemiologia veterinaria (5. : Torino : 10-11 Dicembre 2009) 

Chiapponi° C, Re M, Pierantoni M, Mazza G, Barigazzi° G , Foni° E 

Indagine sulla contaminazione da Listeria monocytogenes e Listeria spp. In uno stabilimento 

di stagionatura, disosso e affettata di prosciutto crudo: confronto fra metodiche = Study of 

the contamination by Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria spp in ham plant production by 

microbiological and biomolecular methods 



SIDiLV ), 2009]. - p 16 -17. - 1 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4113]



A plant for the production of Parma Ham that had shown cases of Listeria monocytogenes 

contamination was monitored for the presence of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria spp by 

microbiological and bio molecular methods. 

Along the production process, 193 samples were collected and examined according to FSIS USDA 

(MLG 8.06) method and by Real-Time PCR method. This method was able to detect more positive 

samples than the microbiological one. The study permitted to identify some critical points of the 

production process that were corrected or removed. 

Colmegna° S, Invernizzi° A, Mascher° A, Corsale E, Ferr azzi V, Grilli G 

Microbiological characteristics of poultry meats-results of inspections carried out in the 

province of Milan 

Atti della Societa' Italiana di Patologia Aviare 2009 : XLVIII convegno annuale 1-2 Aprile 2009, Forli / 

[s.l. : s.n., 2009]. - p 63-68. - 5 ref bib [Nr. Estr. 4158] 

Convegno annuale Societa' Italiana Patologia Aviare (SIPA) (48 : Forli' : 1-2 Aprile 2009) 

Sono stati esaminati, sotto il profilo microbiologico quali/quantitativo 

(C.B.T., Coliformi, E. coli, S. aureus, Clostridi solfito-riduttori, B. cereus, Salmonella spp. e Lysteria 

spp. e Campylobacter spp.), 240 campioni di carni avicole (pollo, tacchino e quaglia) conferite 

ufficialmente in base alle norme previste dal Piano regionale di programmazione e coordinamento 

degli interventi in materia di controllo ufficiale dei prodotti di origine animale della Lombardia e da 

alcune aziende private per autocontrollo. La CBT è risultata sempre bassa ed in linea con quanto 

riportato in bibliografia cosi come e avvenuto anche per i coliformi, E. coli, S. aureus , Clostridi solfito 

riduttori e B. cereus. Per quanto riguarda Salmonella spp., solo 5 campioni sono 

risultati positivi: uno a S. typhimurium e uno a S. enteritidis (pollo), un solo campione di tacchino e 

risultato positivo a S. blokley e due di quaglia su cinque campioni analizzati sono risultati positivi a 

S. typhimurium. Circa il 3% dei campioni analizzati e risultato positivo a Listeria monocitogenes ma 

entro i limiti di legge. La ricerca dei Campylobacter termofili ha interessato solo 50 campioni e solo 5 

sono risultati positivi.Questi risultati confermano l’elevata qualita igienico-sanitaria delle carni 

avicole, in accordo a quanto riportato nella bibliografia nazionale e nel rispetto delle norme 

comunitarie. 

Under the qualitative/quantitative microbiological profile (C.B.T., Coliforms, 

E. coli, S. aureus, Sulphate-reducing Clostrides, B. cereus, Salmonella spp. and 

Lysteria spp. and Campylobacter spp.), 240 samples of poultry meat (chicken, turkey and quail) 

were examined and officially considered according to the norms envisioned by the regional plan of 

the programming and co-ordinating of operations concerning official inspections of Lombardy animal 

origin and from a few private industries for self-inspection. The CBT always turned out to be less and 

in line with that reported in the bibliography, as is also the case with coliforms, E. coli, S. aureus, 

sulphate reducingClostrides and B. cereus. As for Salmonella spp., only 5 samples have turned out 

positive: one for S. typhimurium and one for S. enteritidis (chicken); only one sample from turkey has 

turned out positive for S. blokley, and two out of five samples 

analysed from quail have been positive for S. typhimurium. About 3% of the samples analyzed have 

turned out positive for Listeria monocitogenes, but within the limits of the law. Research on 

Campylobacter thermophiles has involved only 50 samples, of which only 5 have resulted positive. 

These results confirm the high quality of hygiene and cleanliness of poultry meat, in agreement with 

that reported in the national bibliographyand with respect to EU norms. 

Croci L, Losio° MN, Arcangeli G, Pepe T, Pavoni° E, Ma gnabosco C, Ventrone J, 

Suffredini E 

Survey of enteric viruses presence in seafood products in Italy (1999-2008)

7th International Conference on Molluscan Shellfish Safety : Nantes, France 14-19 June 2009 : 

Conference handbook / [s.n. : s.l., 2009]. - p 51 [Nr. Estr. 4379] 

International Conference on Molluscan Shellfish Safety (7th : Nantes, France : 14-19 June 2009) 

Enteric virus contamination in shellfish has been increasingly recognised as a risk for public health. 

In Italy, in the last decade, the surveiliance of enteric virus in seafood products has progressively 

joined the official controls required by the European legislation. From 1999, after the first pilot study 

on Hepatitis A (HAV) in shellfish at market retail in Puglia, the screening has enlarged to Norovirus 

(NoV), Enterovirus (EV, year 2001) and Rotavirus (RV, 2003). In the period 1999-2008, with 

progressive improvements in the detection and characterization methods (conventional PCR, realtime 

PCR, sequencing, etc.), were analysed between 1200 (RV) and 2500 (HAV) samples, 

depending on the virus considered. The monitoring included shellfish at consumption level and at 

production stage (sampling from class A and B harvesting areas in Adriatic and Tyrrhenian sea), 

national and imported products, products suspected for epidemics, as well as prepared and treated 

seafood products. Overall, at retail level enteric virus contamination involved approximately 5% of 

the samples (5.8% with HAV, 5.2% EV, 2.9% NoV and 0.9% RV), while higher contamination was 

detected in samples from ciass B harvesting areas. Genotypes most frequently detected were 1A 

and 113 for HAV and GlIA, Glib, G11.1 and G11.2 for NoV. For cuitivable viruses, presente of 

infective virus was confirmed in a low percentage of the positive samples (5.4% for HAV and 13.2% 

for EV). These data provide a preliminary picture on the circulation level of different enteric viruses in 

seafood products. Further systematic studies on harvesting areas, carried on with the use of 

standardized methods and taking into account the environmental conditions influencing virus 

survival and spread, are needed to evaluate the safety problem of virai contamination in shellfish. 

This work was partially supported by the Integrated Research Project SEAFOODpIus (Sixth 

Framework Programme - contract N° FOOD-CT-2004-5063 59). 

De_Bernardinis° F, Finazzi° G, Daminelli° P, Bertolassi° R, Boni° P, Bonometti° E, 

Boni° P 

Comportamento di microrganismi patogeni nel salame piacentino DOP artificialmente 

contaminato = Dynamic of several pathogens in artificially contaminated Salame Piacentino DOP 

Ind Aliment (Pinerolo). - Vol. 48 n 497 ( 2009). - p 40-45. - 6 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4202] 

Finalità di questo lavoro era valutare la dinamica di comportamento di alcuni microrganismi patogeni 

durante il processo di stagionatura del Salame Piacentino DOP. Sospensioni a titolo noto di Listeria 

monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7 e Salmonella typhimurium sono state utilizzate per 

contaminare sperimentalmente differenti aliquote d’impasto di carne prima dell’insacco. I salami 

ottenuti, sottoposti al normale processo di asciugatura e stagionatura, sono stati periodicamente 

campionati per valutare l’andamento delle popolazioni di patogeni, dei lattobacilli mesofili, e le 

variazioni del pH e dell’Aw. Al termine del periodo di stagionatura programmato si è osservato che 

Salmonella typhimurium diminuisce con andamento lineare e caratterizzato da un tempo di riduzione 

decimale (D) pari a 16 giorni e 20 ore. Anche Escherichia coli O157:H7 diminuisce con andamento 

lineare caratterizzato da un D pari a 13 giorni e 5 ore. Per Listeria monocytogenes il decremento 

avviene in maniera molto più lenta mostrando un D pari a 112 giorni e 23 ore. Sulla base dei dati 

ottenuti, si può affermare che il normale processo tecnologico di stagionatura del Salame Piacentino 

DOP è in grado di contrastare efficacemente Salmonella typhimurium ed E. coli O157:H7 fino ad un 

livello tale da soddisfare i protocolli internazionali in merito alla sicurezza alimentare, mentre L. 

monocytogenes, pur non manifestando capacità di crescita nell’alimento, mantiene una 

concentrazione molto vicina a quella di contaminazione e perciò risulta fondamentale prevedere in 

autocontrollo specifiche procedure in grado di evitare a contaminazione degli ambienti e degli 

strumenti di lavorazione con questo microrganismo. 

The aim of this trial was to evaluate the dynamic of several pathogens, such as Salmonella 

typhimurium, L. monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7, during the seasoning period of traditional 

Salame Piacentino DOP. During preparation different salami were artificially contaminated during 

preparation with these pathogens and samples were collected during the seasoning period.

Salmonella typhimurium decreased with a linear trend characterized by a decimal decreasing time 

(D) = 16 days e 20±19 hours. E. coli O157:H7 population decreased with a D = 13 days e 5±13 

hours. Decreasing of Listeria monocytogenes observed during usual seasoning period was very 

slow, with a D = 112 days e 23 hours ± 32 days e 21 hours, even in presence of Staph. carnosus 

used as a starter cultur. 

De_Nadai V, Finazzi° G, Daminelli° P, Bonometti° E, B ertolassi° R, Boni° P 

Dinamica di comportamento di microrganismi patogeni nel processo di lavorazione e 

stagionatura del Bagòss = Behavioural dynamics of several pathogen microorganisms during 

processing and ripening of Bagòss cheese 

Ind Aliment (Pinerolo). - Vol. 48 no 495 ( 2009). - p 58-63. - 13 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4239] 

The aim of the survey was to value the behaviour of the most common dairy pathogens in the 

Bagòss, a peculiar ripe cheese of the Bagolino area (Brescia). Milk wasn contaminated with a three 

strains suspension of each of the investigated microorganism (L. monocytogenes, Salmonella 

typhimurium, E. coli O157:H7 e Staph. aureus), then processed and ripened in collaboration with the 

dairy. Cooking and next rest under whey of curd were not able to determine any effect on pathogens 

concentration. But rather the ripening ensured the abatement of Salmonella, E. coli and Staph. 

aureus and the decrease of 4-5 log of Listeria concentration. 

Dorigo M, Badan M, Dalvit P, Zambon D, Biancotto G, Bertocchi° L, Varisco° G, 

Barberio A 

Approfondimenti sulla dinamica di trasferimento delle aflatossine nel latte bovino: carry-over 

dell’aflatossina B1 a basse concentrazioni = Carry-over in milk of low doses of aflatoxin B1 

Buiatria. - Vol. 4 no 3 ( 2009). - p 33-38. - 5 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4194] 

L’obiettivo di questa comunicazione è descrivere i risultati di uno studio effettuato per valutare nella 

vacca da latte il “carry over” dell’aflatossina B1 (AFB1), mediante l’analisi del suo metabolita M1 

(AFM1) nel latte. A 12 bovine in lattazione, di razza Frisona italiana, sono stati somministrati per 5 

giorni 500g di farina di mais naturalmente contaminata con AFB1 e successivamente 800g della 

stessa farina per altri 5 giorni. Tale alimento contaminato conteneva mediamente 29.7 ppb di AFB1, 

valore inferiore a quanto solitamente utilizzato negli studi sperimentali sul carry over: la variabilità di 

questo dato è stata molto elevata sia tra i diversi giorni della sperimentazione che entro analisi 

ripetute sullo stesso campione. L’andamento della concentrazione di AFM1 nel latte ha rispecchiato 

le caratteristiche dell’ingestione di AFB1: in particolare, per entrambi i livelli di somministrazione 

sono stati evidenti gli aumenti successivi all’ingestione della farina contaminata; il calo successivo 

all’ultimo trattamento è stato rapido, tornando a concentrazioni non rilevabili già dopo 72h. Ciò 

conferma quanto finora riportato in letteratura, ed indica come il metabolismo di questa aflatossina 

rimanga pressoché invariato anche a bassi dosaggi come quelli impiegati in questo studio. 

The present study aimed at evaluating the carry-over of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), of a naturally 

contaminated feedstuff in dairy cows, by analysing its metabolite M1 (AFM1) in milk. 12 Friesian 

lactating dairy cows were fed 500g of a naturally contaminated corn flour for 5 days, followed by 

another 5 day-period during which the animals were fed 800g of the same flour. The contaminated 

feedstuff contained an average of 29.7 ppb of AFB1: the extreme variability in the results of AFB1 

analysis in the contaminated feedstuff, among both the different experimental days and the different 

repetitions on the same sample was remarkable. The variation in AFM1 in milk reflected the 

characteristics of AFB1 ingestion, with a marked increase after the first treatment (for both 500 and 

800g administration) and a rapid decrease after the last treatment. This confirms previous literature 

findings, and indicates that AFB1 metabolism is maintained even with ingestion of low amounts of 

AFB1. 

Dusi° G, Bozzoni° E, Assini° W, Tognoli° N, Gasparini° M , Ferretti° E

Confirmatory method for the determination of resorcylic acid lactones in urine sample using 

immunoaffinity cleanup and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry 

Anal Chim Acta. - Vol. 637 ( 2009). - p 47-54 - 18 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4018] 

The presence of Zeranol (a-zearalanol) in urine samples due to natural contaminantion or illegal 

treatment is under debate within the European Union. The simultaneous determination of zeranol, its 

epimer taleranol (ß-zearalanol), zearalanone and the structurally-related mycotoxin zearalenone with 

the corresponding a- and ß-zearalenol metabolites appears to be critical in deciding whether an 

illegal use has occurred. The aim of this study is to develop and validate a simple analytical 

procedure applicable to bovine and swine urine samples for the determination of all six resorcylic 

acid lactones. After an enzymatic deconjugation, the urine was subjected to a one-step cleanup on a 

commercially available immunoaffinity chromatography cartridge. The analytes were detected by 

liquid chromatography-negative-ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry using deuteriumlabelled 

internal standards. The method was validated as a quantitative confirmatory method 

according to European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The evaluated parameters were: 

linearity, specificity, precision (repeatability and intra-laboratory reproducibility), recovery, decision 

limit, detection capability and ruggedness. The decision limits (CCa) obtained, were between 0.56 

and 0.68 µg L-1; recovery above 66 % for all the analytes. Repeatability was between 1.4 % and 5.3 

% and within-laboratory reproducibility between 1.9 % and 16.1 % for the six resorcylic acid 

lactones. 

Fabbi° M, Messeri D, Vicari° N, Merlo LM, Pierozzi C, Ta lini M, Perelli G, 

Wanderlingh W 

An outbreak of tularaemia in Tuscany, Central Italy, linked to a natural spring water 

6th International Conference on Tularemia 2009 : Tularemia Network, September 13 - 16, 2009 

Berlin, Germany / [s.l. : s. n., 2009]. - p 108 ( 4163] 

International Conference on Tularemia (6th : Berlin, Germany : September 13-16, 2009) 

Aims: We report an outbreak of tularaemia occurred in the Italian province of Pistoia, Tuscany, 

linkec to a natural spring water. 

Methods: Between April 2007 and March 2008, 43 cases of tularaemia were confirmed by clinical 

signs and serological analysis by tube agglutination test. Most cases (n = 38) occurred between 

December 2007 and March 2008. The probable source of infection was natural spring water 

collected from a small cement basin at about 950 m of altitude. Water from the spring was usually 

collected by resident people and tourists, stored in containers and consumed at home. Water 

samples from the spring were collected twice, on February 15th and March 4th, 2008 and tested for 

Francisella tularensis by PCR, microbiogical methods and mouse inoculation. 

Results: Out of the 43 confirmed cases, 34 (79 %) had been exposed to a common source of water 

The most frequently clinical presentation observed was a cervical lymphadenopathy and tonsillitis 

and sore throat were observed in a few cases. Antibodies titres of confirmed cases ranged from 

1:5C to 1:1,600. Fransisella tularensis subsp. holarctíca (type B) was demonstrated both times in the 

natural spring water by PCR and mice inoculation. Direct culture of the organism from water was 

unsuccessfull. The outbreak was brought under control after the demolition of the cement basin and 

the restoration of the water source as stream. 

Conclusions: This large epidemie occurred about 20 years after two last important outbreak of 

Tularaemia recorded in northern and centra) Italy (Liguria and Tuscany regions) and confirms the 

circulation of Fransisella tularensis in Tuscany. Nevertheless further investigations are needed to 

explain the route of contamination and the environmental characteristics that could have maintained 

or supported the presence or the replication of Francisella tularensis in the natural spring waters.. 

Finazzi° G, Daminelli° P, Ducoli° S, Boni° P, Cosciani_C unico° E

Inattivazione della tossina botulinica mediante cottura di gnocchi di patate sperimentalmente 

contaminati = Botulinum toxin inactivation during cooking of artificially contaminated potato 

gnocchi 

Ind Aliment (Pinerolo). - Vol. 48 ( 2009). - p 38-41. - 8 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4142] 

Gli gnocchi di patate vengono solitamente venduti in confezioni con etichette sulle quali come 

indicazioni per il consumatore è riportato "cuocere in acqua bollente salata fino ad affioramento". 

l'obiettivo della ricerca è stato verificare se tale trattamento fosse sufficiente ad inattivare la tossina 

botulinica nel caso di un'ipotetica contaminazione di questa tipologia di alimento. A tal fine quattro 

diverse tipologie di gnocchi di patate prodotte da una stessa ditta sono state contaminate con 

tossina botulinica ottenuta da coltura in brodo di una miscela di 4 diversi ceppi di CI. botulinum. Gli 

gnocchi sono stati poi messi in pentole di acqua bollente salata e per ogni tipologia un'aliquota è 

stata prelevata ol momento dell'affioramento ed un'altra prolungando lo cottura per un minuto. La 

ricerca di tossina botulinica mediante prova biologica su topini ha dato esito favorevole su tutti i 

campioni analizzati. Pertanto l'eventuale presenza di tossina botulinica, evenienza peraltro remota, 

non rappresenta un rischio per il consumatore che applichi le indicazioni di cottura degli gnocchi 

indicate in etichetta. 

Potato gnocchi are usuolly sold in pockoge reporting the instructions for consumere "cook in boiling 

salted water unti) rising to the surfoce". The object of this trial was to verify if this treatment is 

sufficient io inoctivote botulinum toxin in case of gnocchi accidentally contaminated with CI. 

botulinum. Four different types of gnocchi produced by the some foctory were contaminated with 

botulinum toxin obtoined from o broth medium of four different CI. botulinum strains. Each type of 

gnocchi was put in o pan of boiling salted water and different portions were token at floating and also 

ofter one minute from floating. The botulinum toxin, using o biologicol test conducted on mice, was 

not found in ony of analysed somples. Therefore the potential possibility of the presence of 

botulinum toxin in gnocchi remains remote, but it does not represent a risk for consumers who cook 

this type of product properly. 

Frasnelli° M, Raffini° E, Pongolini S, Zanotti S, Ga llegati P, Savorellli P 

Presenza di Escherichia coli 0157 e Campylobacter spp, termotolleranti in allevamenti di 

vacche di latte con produzione di latte crudo nella Provincia di Ravenna = E. coli O157 and 

thermotolerant campylobacter spp, detection in dairy cattle farms producing raw milk in Ravenna 

province (italy) 

Large Anim Rev. - Vol. 15 no 5 ( 2009). - p 199-203. - 28 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4215] 

È stato condotto uno studio per verificare la presenza e prevalenza di E. coli 0157 e Campylobacter 

spp, termotolleranti nelle aziende bovine da latte della provincia di Ravenna autorizzate alla vendita 

del latte crudo. L'indagine, condotta nell'estate 2008, è stata effettuata su pool di tamponi ano-rettali, 

latte di massa e filtri delle macchine mungitrici mediante separazione immuno-magnetica per la 

ricerca di E. coli 0157 con successiva caratterizzazione genomica dei ceppi isolati mentre per la 

ricerca di Campylobacter spp. termotolleranti sono stati utilizzati metodi microbiologici standard. La 

prevalenza rilevata per E. coli 0 157 è stata del 33% per le stalle e del 4,9% per i pool di tamponi. La 

prevalenza di Campylobacter spp. termotolleranti è risultata dell'83% nelle stalle e del 42% nei pool 

di tamponi esaminati. Tutti i ceppi di E. coli 0157 isolati sono risultati positivi per il gene EAE e per 

geni codificanti verotossine. Il latte di massa e i filtri mungitrice sono sempre risultati negativi per 

entrambi i patogeni. Si ritiene l'assenza di isolamento dal latte di massa indice di buona prassi 

igienica nelle fasi di mungitura, raccolta e conservazione del latte. Si osserva come le aziende 

risultate positive per E. coli 0157 nel nostro studio siano quelle situate in zona collinare e utilizzanti il 

pascolo per le manze nei mesi primaverili ed estivi. Per la ricerca di E. coli 0157 si conferma la 

validità del campionamento utilizzando il tampone ano-rettale. 

We carried out a study in order to find Escherichia coli 0157 and thermotolerant Campylobacter spp, 

and to determine their prevalence in dairy cattle farms producing raw milk in Ravenna province 

(Italy). During 2008 summer months we collected and examined pooled recto-anal swabs, bulk milk 

samples and milking machine filters using immunomagnetic separation for E. coli 0157 detection 

and microbiological standard methods for thermotolerant Campylobacter spp, detection. A genetic

characterization of all the E. coli 0157 strains we isolated was made. E. coli 0157 prevalence was 

33% in farms and 4.9% in pooled swabs. Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. prevalence was 83% 

in farms and 42% in pooled swabs. All E. coli 0157 strains we isolated were positive for ease gene 

and for vero cytotoxins-coding genes. All bulk milk and milking machine filters samples were 

negative for 'both pathogens. We think that the lack of E. coli 0157 and thermotolerant 

Campylobacter spp, detection in bulk milk may be an index of good hygiene practice during milking 

procedures, milk collection and storage. We observe that the farms found positive for E. coli 0157 in 

our study were those located on the hills and where heifers used to graze during spring and summer 

months. We confirm rectoanal swabbing as a valid sampling method for E. coli 0157 detection. 

Galarini R, Fioroni L, Moretti S, Gasparini° M, Dusi° G 

Determination of nine corticosteroids in bovine urine using liquid chromatography tandem 

mass spectrometry 


[Nr. Estr. 4246] 


Gamba° V, Terzano C, Fioroni L, Moretti S, Dusi° G, Galarini R 

Development and validation of a confirmatory method for the determination of 

sulphonamides in milk by liquid chromatography with diode array detection 

Anal Chim Acta. - Vol. 637 ( 2009). - p 18-23 - 35 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4038] 

A simple and rapid multiresidue method for the determination of seven sulphonamides residues 

(sulfadiazine, sulfapyridine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamonomethoxine, sulfadimethoxine 

and sulfaquinoxaline) in milk samples was developed and validated. The drugs were extracted with 

a mixture chloroform/acetone and simply cleaned up on a cation exchange solid phase extraction 

column. The analytes determination was carried out using liquid chromatography with diode array 

detection (DAD). The procedure has validated as a quantitative confirmatory method according to 

the European Union (EU) Decision 2002/657/EC. The developed method shows good linearity, 

specificity, precision (repeatability and intra-laboratory reproducibility), ruggedness and is able to 

confirm each sulphonamide residue above 30 µg kg-1. Decision limits (CCa) around 110 µg kg-1 

and recovery above 56% were obtained for all the analytes. The results of the validation process 

demonstrate that the method is suitable for application, as confirmatory method, in European Union 

statutory veterinary drug residue surveillance programmes. In addition, a hypothetical situation of 

sample judgement (compliance or not) in the case in which, at the saure time, two different 

sulphonamides are found, is discussed. 

Magnino° S, Colin P, Dei_Cas E, Madsen M, McLauchlin J, Nöckler K, Maradona 

MP, Tsigarida E, Vanopdenbosch E, Van_Peteghem C 

Biological risks associated with consumption of reptile products 

Int J Food Microbiol. - Vol. 134 no 3 ( 2009). - p 163-175. - 146 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4095] 

The consumption of a wide variety of species of reptiles caught from the wild has been an important 

source of protein for humans world-wide for millennia. Terrapins, snakes, lizards, crocodiles and 

iguanas are now farmed and the consumption and trade of their meat and other edible products 

have recently increased in some areas of the world. Biological risks associated with the consumption 

of products from both farmed and wild reptile meat and eggs include infections caused by bacteria 

(Salmonella spp., Vibrio spp.), parasites (Spirometra, Trichinella, Gnathostoma, pentastomids), as 

well as intoxications by biotoxins. For crocodiles, Salmonella spp. constitute a significant public 

health risk due to the high intestinal carrier rate which is reflected in an equally high contamination 

rate in their fresh and frozen meat. There is a lack of information about the presence of Salmonella

spp. in meat from other edible reptilians, though captive reptiles used as pets (lizards or turtles) are 

frequently carriers of these bacteria in Europe. Parasitic protozoa in reptiles represent a negligible 

risk for public health compared to parasitic metazoans, of which trichinellosis, pentastomiasis, 

gnathostomiasis and sparganosis can be acquired through consumption of contaminated crocodile, 

monitor lizard, turtle and snake meat, respectively. Other reptiles, although found to harbour the 

above parasites, have not been implicated with their transmission to humans. Freezing treatment 

inactivates Spirometra and Trichinella in crocodile meat, while the effectiveness of freezing of other 

reptilian meat is unknown. Biotoxins that accumulate in the flesh of sea turtles may cause 

chelonitoxism, a type of food poisoning with a high mortality rate in humans. Infections by fungi, 

including yeasts, and viruses widely occur in reptiles but have not been linked to a human health risk 

through the contamination of their meat. Currently there are no indications that natural transmissible 

spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) occur in reptilians. The feeding of farmed reptiles with nonprocessed 

and recycled animal products is likely to increase the occurrence of biological hazards in 

reptile meat. Application of GHP, GMP and HACCP procedures, respectively at farm and 

slaughterhouse level, is crucial for controlling the hazards. 

Magnino° S, Vicari° N, Boldini° M, Rosignoli° C, Nigr elli° A, Andreoli° G, Pajoro° M, 

Fabbi° M 

Rilevamento di Coxiella burnetii nel latte di massa di alcune aziende bovine lombarde 

Large Anim Rev. - Vol. 15 no 1 ( 2009). - p 3-6. - 1 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4133] 

È stata condotta una ricerca per accertare la presenza di Coxiella burnetii, agente della Febbre Q, in 

campioni di latte di massa prelevati nel biennio 2007-2008 in 400 aziende bovine situate in tre 

province del nord Italia (Cremona,Mantova e Pavia). Per l’analisi, è stata utilizzata una metodica 

PCR che amplifica un frammento della regione genomica transposon-like di C. burnetii. In totale, 

161 campioni di latte sui 400 esaminati, pari al 40%, sono risultati positivi. La ricerca del batterio in 

un successivo campione di latte di massa prelevato in alcune aziende selezionate casualmente tra 

quelle risultate positive e quelle risultate negative al primo controllo, ha portato alla conferma della 

positività o negatività nel 61,8% delle aziende positive e nel 70,5% delle aziende negative. Il 

ritrovamento di C. burnetii in una percentuale considerevole delle aziende esaminate non è 

inaspettato, dato che l’escrezione del batterio nel latte bovino è un evento documentato da tempo. 

La positività del latte di massa dipende dal numero di soggetti escretori di C. burnetii nel latte al 

momento del prelievo del campione e dalla presenza in azienda di soggetti che eliminano 

massivamente il batterio. La difformità dei risultati (positivo/negativo) osservata in alcune aziende 

controllate due volte può essere riferita alla mutata composizione del gruppo delle bovine in 

lattazione al momento del prelievo, con aumento o diminuzione dei soggetti escretori di C. burnetii. Il 

risultato dell’indagine suggerisce la necessità di procedere a una valutazione degli effetti 

dell’infezione in allevamento, in particolare sui parametri della fertilità. La presenza di C. burnetii in 

molte aziende pone inoltre interrogativi sul significato sanitario del ritrovamento nei riguardi della 

salute umana. 

Marcolini° A, Varisco° G, Bertocchi° L, Bolzoni° G 

Stima dei cloruri nel latte di massa 

Latte. - Vol. 82 no 2 ( 2009). - p 54-58 [Nr. Estr. 3919] 

Un lavoro sperimentale finalizzato a verificare la possibilità di stimare la quantità di cloruri su grandi 

numeri di campioni tramite uno strumento automatico.

Marzadori° F, Frasnelli° M, Raffini° E, Menotta° S, F edrizzi° G 

Valutazione della presenza di microorganismi produttori di ammine biogene = Evaluation of 

micro-organisms producing biogenic amines and the concentration of these metabolites in animal 

origin foodstuffs which could be correlated to food poisoning episodes 

Ing Aliment. - Vol. 6 no 26 ( 2009). - p 54-62 - 25 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4175] 

E’ stata valutata lo presenza di microrganismi produttori di ammine biogene e le concentrazione di 

tali metoboliti in alimenti di origine animale, correlabili o possibili episodi tossin fettivi. Sono stati 

messi in relazione i risultati ottenuti con i brodi di Moeller contenenti lisine, arginino e ornitino 

seminati con i ceppi batterici isolati do salsicce fresche e stagionate, tessuto muscolare di suino, 

impasti di pollo e di carne macinata bovina fresco e i valori di ammine biogene ottenuti con le 

cromatografia liquida od alta pressione (HPLC). Parallelamente, sono stati valutati i valori ottenuti 

dalla numerazione degli enterobetteri formanti istamina (HFB) con il test di Niven e i valori di 

istamina ottenuti con lo cromatografia liquida od alta pressione (HPLC). Mentre si ritiene di 

confermare lo validitb dei brodi di Moeller nell'individuare i generi batterici produttori di ammine 

biogene, discordanti e quindi non con fermobili sono stati i dati forniti dal test di Niven. Dall'analisi 

complessiva dei dati raccolti si ritiene di attribuire allo carica microbica mesofilo totale e olla 

numerazione Enterobotterioceae valore di indicatori della sicurezza alimentare che possono 

concorrere quali elementi di valutazione del rischio nei confronti delle ammine biogene con limiti nei 

prodotti testati rispettivamente di 1 10' e 1 -10-, ufdg. 

We have shown the results using Moellers broth contoining lysine, orgmine and ornithine inoculoted 

with isolcted batteria from fresh and seosoned sausoges, pork muscle, minced chicken aria freshly 

minced beef. We then measured the concentrotions of biogenic amines from high pressure liquid 

chromatogrophs (HPLC).At the seme time, we counted the histamine forming Enterobacteria (HFB) 

using the Niven test and the histamine value from the high pressure liquid chromotogrophs (HPLC). 

While we believe thot we have con firmed the validity of using the Moeller broth solution to find 

micro-orgonism producing biogenic amines, the data given by the Niven test were discordant and 

there fore couid not be con firmed. From on overall onolysis of our data, we believe thet the totol 

mesophyle microbic titre and the leve] of Enterobacteria can be used as food sofety indicators to 

indicate the leve) of risk of biogenic amines in these products os respectively I - 10(alla quarta) e 1- 

10(alla terza) ufc/g. 

Menotta° S, D’Antonio° M, Diegoli G, Montella L, Ra ccanelli S, Fedrizzi° G 

Depletion study of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs concentrations in contaminated homeproduced 

eggs : preliminary study 

4th International symposium on recent advances in food analysis : November 4–6, 2009, Prague, 

Czech Republic : book of abstract / edited by Jana Pulkrabova, Marie Suchanova and Monika 

Tomaniova. - [s.l. : s.n., c2009]. - Lm-22 [Nr. Estr. 4403] 

International symposium on recent advances in food analysis (4th : Prague, Czech Republic : 

November 4–6, 2009) 

Dioxins (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorobyphenyls (PCB) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. 

They are very persistent to chemical degradation, and accumulate in the food chain. The 

contamination of food products with dioxins and PCBs is a well studied issue, because food is 

generally considered as the major source of dioxin intake for humans. Eggs, in particular, contain an 

high fat percentage, and may accumulate persistent organic pollutants such as dioxin and PCBs. In 

Italy, the Regional Monitoring Plan used in the field for 2009, has also included the control of 

environmental pollutants in small egg producers (so called home-produced eggs). Following an 

irregular result, a private owner was recruited on a voluntary basis, and his birds, that were 

contaminated on a first sample (12 hens), were transferred from their free-range farming system into 

a lab controlled environment. Every day (from day 0 to 60) total eggs were collected: most of them 

were analysed for the evaluation of dioxins, dioxin like PCBs (DL PCBs), and non dioxin like PCBs 

(NDL PCBs six congeners) levels. The number of lay-eggs varied from four to 12 in a single day. All 

the eggs from each week were homogenised and lyophilised. The fat fraction was extracted by 

accelerated solvent extraction (ASE). The dioxins and PCBs contents were determined according to

EPA 1613/94 rev B method by gas chromatographic determination, coupled with high resolution 

mass spectrometry. The content of PCDD/F, DL PCB and NDL PCB was evaluated by mean from 

week to week. The concentration of dioxins was lower than DL PCBs (2,5 pgTEQ/g of fat against 4,5 

pgTEQ/g), but we observed the same depletion trend for both. After a steady level for the first two 

weeks, there was a small depletion until the sixth week, were PCDD/F and DL PCB showed similar 

concentration. Then, while a continuous depletion was seen for PCDD/F concentration, DL PCB 

levels decreased very slowly, and reached about 2 pgTEQ/g of fat. On the opposite, NDL PCBs had 

a different course: there was an increase between week six and seven, but the mean levels 

remained very low (about 20 ng/g of fat). The dioxins, and sum of dioxin and DL PCBs concentration 

were below the fixed European limits ( i.e. 3 pgTEQ/g of fat for dioxins and 6 pgTEQ/g of fat for sum 

of dioxins and DL PCB), beginning from the third week of trial, because of their removal from the 

contaminated environment. 

Miraglia° V, Finazzi° G, Daminelli° P, Bonometti° E, Gregorelli° M, Boni° P 

Valutazione della dinamica di Listeria monocytogenes nella bresaola della Valtellina IGP 

commercializzata in tranci e affettata = Behaviour of Listeria monocytogenes in chunked or sliced 

seasoned Bresaola della Valtellina IGP 

Ind Aliment (Pinerolo). - Vol. 48 n 496 ( 2009). - p 58-64. - 10 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4236] 

Il presente studio è stato condotto con l'obiettivo di ottenere dati relativi alla dinamica del 

comportamento di L. monocytogenes durante la shelf-life della Bresaola della Valtellina IGP Moto 1 

stagionata. Si è quindi valutata la dinamica del patogeno che accidentalmente potrebbe venire a 

contatto col prodotto nelle fasi immediatamente successive lo stagionatura. La Bresaola a fine 

stagionatura è stata contaminata superficialmente con una sospensione di differenti ceppi di L. 

monocytogenes in modo do ottenere una concentrazione di 102-103 ufc/cm2, quindi tagliata in 

tranci e confezionata sottovuoto o affettata e confezionata in vaschette in atmosfera mod ificoto 

secondo le modalità indicate dalla Ditta produttrice. Entrambe le tipologie di prodotto sono state 

conservate, per la durata della shelf-life prevista dal produttore, a diverse temperature. Nelle stesse 

condizioni del prodotto contaminato sono state incubate anche confezioni di prodotto non 

contaminato (controllo negativo) per verificare se ci fossero scostomenti significativi riguardo 

all'andamento di ow, pH e dinamica delle flore lattiche naturalmente presenti, tra le une e le altre. La 

durata della shelf-life è stata di 127 giorni per il prodotto in tranci e 120 giorni per quello affettato. 

Grazie alla flora lattica, già presente in elevata quantità in entrambe le tipologie di prodotto, è stato 

possibile osservare come la Bresaola non supporti lo crescita di L. monocytogenes, bensì si assiste 

ad una riduzione della stessa nell'arco della shelf-life. 

The purpose of this work was to get data of Listerio monocytogenes behaviour during the shelf-life of 

portioned Tresco a della Valtellina IGP".At the end of the seasoning process, Bresaola has been 

contominated with a m ixture of different L. monocytogenes stra i ns allowing to obtoin a surfoce 

concentrotion of 10 03 ufc/cm2. Afterwords, different Bresaola were cut in pieces and 

vocuumpacked or sliced and pocked in a mod ified otmosphere. Both products hove been preserved 

ot different temperatures in occordonce to the shelf-life period estoblished by the producer. In this 

trial shelf-life was conducted ot 5°C, temperature shown on the lobel of the product; ot 10°C, 

moderate heat abuse which corresponds to the temperature overoge of the household preservotion; 

ot 15° and 20°C, heat abuse useful to define the pr oduct and/ or the pathogens behaviour following 

the interruption of the cold choin. The experiment lasted 127 days for the chunked product and 120 

for the sliced one. It hos been verified and concluded that: with the bio-competition of the high lactic 

flora percentage belonging to both products L. monocytogenes does not take roots in the product, 

but it decreases during the shelf-life. 

Olivo F, Gili M , Stella P, Dusi° G 

Sviluppo e validazione di un metodo di screening per la ricerca di coccidiostatici in muscolo 

e uova mediante LC-MS = Multi-residue method for detection of anticoccidial drugs in egg and 

muscle by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry: validation according to Commission

Decision 2002/657/EC 


[Nr. Estr. 4248] 


Riu R, Liuzzo G, Merialdi° G, Bardasi° L, Galletti°G , Coccollone A, Giacometti F, 

Serraino A, Rosmini R 

Correlazione tra carica microbica della cute di bovini presentati al macello e caratteristiche 

microbiologiche delle carcasse da essi derivate = Relationship between level of contamination 

on hide of animals presented for slaughter and contamination on the resultant carcasses 




The hide and viscera of cattle entering a slaughter facility are potential sources of contamination of 

carcasses including significant pathogens such as Escherichia coli O 157: H7, Campylobacter spp. 

and Salmonella spp. If evisceration is correctly performed, visceral contents do not therefore 

contribute significandy to the overall contamination of the carcass. However, it is much more difficult 

to restrict contamination from the hide. The aim of this work is to investigate the relationships 

between the levels of dirt and contamination on the hide of animals presented for slaughter and the 

levels of contamination on the resultant carcasses. Cattle were visually inspected in the lairage of 2 

abattoirs and assigned to a category ranging from 1 (very clean) to 5 (very dirty) depending on the 

observed cleanliness of the hide. Samples of hides and carcasses were taken from 50 animals for 

enumerate total viable counts, Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia coli. The results show that there 

is a direct correlation between animai dirtiness and total bacterial count of the carcasses. 

Rossi L, Galante F, Fusi E, Luini° M, Dell'Orto V, Bal di A 

Evaluation of the PL-PG-PA system in relation to quality of bovine milk 

Vet Res Commun. - Vol. 33 suppl 1 ( 2009). - p 293-295. - 6 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4141] 

Rubini° MN, Losio° MN, Pavoni° E, Bianchi° L, Galletti ° G, Scordella G, Bresolin R, 

Pongolini° S, Piano A, Serratone P 

Occurrence of Vibrio spp. in shellfish harvested from Emilia Romagna coast (North-western 

Adriatic Sea, Italy) 

7th International Conference on Molluscan Shellfish Safety : Nantes, France 14-19 June 2009 : 

conference handbook / [s.n. : s.l., 2009]. - p 193 [Nr. Estr. 4378] 

International Conference on Molluscan Shellfish Safety (7th : Nantes, France : 14-19 June 2009) 

This work aimed at determining the contamination of shellfish harvested in Northern Italy with Vibrio 

spp.. This study has been carried out in the province of Ferrara since 2006. The monitoring area is 

situated in the North-western Adriatic Sea, from the mouth of Po River to the mouth of Reno River. A 

total of 117 samples, coliected in 31 stations, were analysed. In addition physico-chemical 

parameters of the harvesting water were also measured (salinity and water temperature). Vibrio spp. 

was isolated in 85,5% of the samples. Only 17 samples (14,5%) resulted negative for Vibrio spp.. V. 

alginolyticus was the most frequently isolated (70,9%), followed by V. parahaemolyticus (38,5%) and 

V. cholerae (10,3%). Many samples (32,5%) contained two or more species of Vibrio spp. The 

analysis included the compulsory microbiological parameters Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp., 

according to European legislation (Reg. EU 853/2004, 85412004 and 144112007), as well as the 

determination of the contamination with Vibrio spp.. The isolates were characterized by classical

iochemical tests, API 20E (bioMérieux), and PCR technique based on specie-specific and 

pathogenic genes: toxR, tl, tdh, trh for V. parahaemolyticus, toxR, hlyA, ctxA, tcpl for V. cholerae and 

vvha and viuB for V. vulnificus. One V. parahaemolyticus strain was trh+, and two were tdh+. 

Multiplex PCR was also employed to research V. cholerae-virulence associated factors as cholera 

toxin (ctxA gene), hemolysin (hlyA gene), non 01 heat-stable enterotoxin (stn/sto gene) and outer 

membrane protein (tcpA gene). Although almost ali the analysed molluscs complied with the UE 

legislation, potential human pathogens were detected in a wide range of samples. These results 

evidence that the presence of Vibrio spp. in shellfish is common and confirm the need for a specific 

shellfish monitoring pian to identify the presence and the effective role of potential pathogen Vibrio 

species to protect public health. 

Rubini° S, Galletti° G, Boschetti CL, D'Incau° M, Meri aldi° G 

Prevalenza di Salmonella spp. nei molluschi bivalvi nella provincia di Ferrara (Mar Adriatico) 

nel periodo 2003-2008 

V Workshop nazionale di epidemiologia veterinaria "L'epidemiologia veterinaria di fronte ai 

cambiamenti naturali e sociali che influenzano la salute" : Torino, 10-11 Dicembre 2009 / a cura di 

Gaia Scavia ... [et al.]. - Roma : Istituto Superiore di Sanità, c2009. - (ISTISAN congressi ; 09/C13) p 

94-95 [Nr. Estr. 4340] 

Workshop nazionale di epidemiologia veterinaria (5. : Torino : 10-11 Dicembre 2009) 

Rugna° G, Merialdi° G, Bardasi° L, Bassi° S, Dell'Anna ° S, Fontana° MC, 

Galletti°G, Massi° P, Santi A, Tamba° M 

Indagine sulla diffusione di Campylobacter spp. nei broiler macellati in Emilia-Romagna = 

Survey on Campylobacter spp. prevalence in broiler chickens slaughtered in Emilia-Romagna 

Region 




Thermophilic Campylobacter spp. bave been recognised as a major cause of foodborne infections in 

many countrics throughout the world. Poultry meat is the most common source for foodborne cases 

of human campylobacteriosis. An European baseline study (Dec. 516/07/UE) was carried out in the 

ycar 2008 with the aim ol dctcrmining the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in broiler chickens and 

the contamination Ievel on the broiler carcasses. One hundred broiler tlocks were sampled in 4 

poultry slaughterhouses in Emilia Romagna and 52% (IC 95`Y,: 41,8`%-62,1`%,) were positive for 

Campylobacter jejuni/coli. The prevalence of thermophylic Campylobacter on carcasses was 26,0%) 

(IC 95`%0: 17,7'%0-35,7`%,) and it was correlatcd to finding of these bacteria in the broilers' gut 

(O.R.: 3,8; I.C. 95(/,: 1,4-9,9). 

Rugna° G, Merialdi° G, Ramini° M, Accurso° D, Gelmini° L, Mazzini C, Bacchi M, 

Pozio E 

Inattivazione di larve di Trichinella spiralis in salami fermentati 





: 30 Settembre - 2 Ottobre 2009)

Scarcella C, Carasi S, Cadoria F, Macchi L, Pavan A, Salamana M, Alborali° GL, 

Losio° MN, Boni° P, Lavazza° A, Seyler T 

An outbreak of viral gastroenteritis linked to municipal water supply, Lombardy, Italy, June 

2009 

Euro Surveillance http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19274 - ultimo 

accesso 27/07/2009. - Vol. 14 no 29 ( 2009). - 3 p. - 1 bib ref [Nr. Estr. 4067] 

We report an outbreak of viral gastroenteritis linked to municipal drinking water in a town in northern 

Italy in June 2009. Over one month we identified 299 probable cases of whom 30 were confirmed for 

at least one of the following viruses: norovirus, rotavirus, enterovirus or astrovirus. Water samples 

and filters from the water system also tested positive for norovirus and enterovirus. Control 

measures included treating the water system with chlorine dioxide and filters with peracetic acid, 

while providing temporary alternative sources of drinking water to the population. 

Scordella G, Rubini° S, Bresolin R, Bolognesi° E, Men otta° S 

Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds in seafood: the lack of a shared monitoring plan 

World Aquaculture 2009, a blue revolution to feed the world : September 25-29, 2009 Veracruz, 

Mexico / World Aquaculture Society. - [s.l. : s.n, 2009]. - p 787 [Nr. Estr. 4401] 

World Aquaculture 2009 : Veracruz, Mexico : September 25-29, 2009) 

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as dioxins, furans and PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) 

are a group of toxic and persistent chemicals whose effects on human health and on the 

environment include dermal toxicity, immunotoxicity, reproductive effects and teratogenicity, 

endocrine disrupting effects and carcinogenicity (Matthews et al. , 2008). They are produced in small 

quantities in the manufacture of several chlorinated compounds, in chlorine bleaching in pulp and 

paper mills and in processes of incineration and combustion (Carro et al., 2008). The increasing 

presence in the environment of these substances, coupled with several accidents (Yusho-Japan, 

Yu-cheng-Taiwan and Seveso-Italy), Have triggered a Jeep concern from the international 

community for their reduction and control. Since dioxins are lipophilic compounds, they accumulate 

in the food chain (De Mul et al., 2008). Bioaccumulation is continuing along the trophic chain and 

releases go on from landfills, polluted soils or sediments. The dietary exposure to dioxins and dioxinlike 

PCBs, exceeds the Tolerable Weekly Intake (TWI) or the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) for a 

considerable part of the European population. The Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) of the EU 

adopted since 2001 an opinion on the Risk Assessment of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in food. The 

levels of dioxins and dioxin-like contaminants in fish and humans have decreased considerably 

during the past three decades, however the dietary intakes of these compounds vary considerably 

between countries and between population groups within countries. Limited data are still available 

concerning the levels and dietary intakes of POPs by seafood consumption in many regions of the 

world. Because, in genera, fish and seafood are the food group that show the highest levels of 

PCBs, is important to monitor these goods, also because fisheries products play an important role in 

the European diet as a valuable source of protein and as a healthy food. The low biodegradation 

rate of POPs in bivalve molluscs, makes that these chemicals are found in higher levels than other 

marine organisms. Mussels and oysters are commonly used as bioindicators of these compounds, 

because they may accumulate contaminants in their tissues higher concentrations than in the 

marine water. From 2004 to 2008, the Dioxins Laboratory of the Marketable Animal Origin Foods of 

the Bologna IZSLER had analyzed 33 samples of bivalve molluscs (coming from the North West 

Adriatic Sea; Italy), searching for PCBs (18 congenera), Dioxins and PCB-Dioxin-like compounds. 

All the resulting data were below the EU risk levels. Anyway many world references report hazard 

ratios for POPs registered on seafood coming from other locations, indicating that these compounds 

may pose some health risks to the local population. A real shared monitoring pain of these 

compounds should be improved in the market of seafood, supplying the consumer also with 

information on the TDI and the TWI.

Serracca L, Rossini I, Ercolini C, Pavoni° E, Losio° N 

Ricerca di norovirus in molluschi bivalvi: ottimizzazione delle performance in booster-PCR 

VII workshop nazionale Enter-net Italia Sistema di sorveglianza delle infezioni enteriche Infezioni 

trasmesse da alimenti e acqua : diagnostica ed epidemiologia : 4-5 novembre 2009 Roma / a cura di 

I. Luzzi... [et al.]. - Roma : Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 2009. - (ISTISAN congressi ; 09/C10) p 70 

[Nr. Estr. 4370] 

Workshop nazionale Enter-net Italia (7 : Roma : 4-5 novembre 2009) 

Nell'ambito del progetto di ricerca corrente 2007 inerente lo sviluppo di metodiche per la 

determinazione di Norovirus nei molluschi bivalvi, i laboratori sopra citati hanno cercato di 

ottimizzare le performance di metodiche in booster-PCR ricavate da bibliografia scientifica. Il metodo 

diagnostico di scelta, attualmente, è la reverse transcriptase PCR. La diagnosi molecolare mediante 

PCR e sequenziamento infatti, consente di determinare il genotipo del ceppo, informazione spesso 

indispensabile per stabilire il nesso di causalità tra epidemie e veicoli d'infezione, soprattutto 

alimentari. La ricerca del genoma virale è stata effettuata mediante una booster-PCR che utilizza 

primers degenerati per un frammento di 326 bp della Regione della RNA-polimerasi 

RNAdipendente. In questo lavoro sono stati sperimentati diversi protocolli di retro trascrizione. In 

particolare sono stati confrontati i risultati ottenuti utilizzando quattro differenti concentrazioni di 

dNTPs: 0,5mM, 1mM, 2mM e 4mM. Nell'ambito delle amplificazioni, invece è stata valutata 

l'influenza del cloruro di magnesio in relazione a diverse concentrazioni di enzima Taq. Il range di 

cloruro di magnesio testato va da 1,5mM a 3mM. Come campioni positivi sono stati utilizzati virus 

certificati da QCMD di Norovirus GII e Norovirus GI quantificati in PCR real-time con un Ct 

rispettivamente di 32,96 e 34,90. Per quanto riguarda la Taq, sono invece state provate due 

concentrazioni: 1,25 U/50µL e 2U/50µL. I protocolli di retrotrascrizione sono stati saggiati su uno dei 

due controlli QCMD, quello con Ct più alto e nelle condizioni che sono risultate ottimali dalle prove di 

messa a punto della booster-PCR. I risultati ottenuti evidenziano che l'aumento della concentrazione 

di Taq non mostra un incremento di segnale. La concentrazione del cloruro di magnesio invece 

agisce in modo evidente sulla resa della reazione; si è potuto notare un incremento di segnale nel 

passaggio dalla concentrazione 2mM a 2,5mM. Tale incremento non si è ottenuto nell'utilizzo di un 

quantitativo superiore di cloruro di magnesio pari a 3mM. Le modifiche apportate alla 

retrotrascrizione relative al quantitativo di dNTPs non hanno modificato in nessun modo l'intensità 

del segnale dei campioni. In conclusione le variazioni apportate al protocollo di amplificazione hanno 

permesso di ottimizzare le performance della prova individuando le concentrazioni ottimali di 

reagenti, in particolare: MgCl2 2,5mM e Taq 1,2U/50µL. Per quanto riguarda la retro trascrizione, la 

concentrazione migliore di dNTPs risulta essere di 0,5mM sia dal punto di vista di intensità del 

segnale che di economia nell'uso del reagente. 

Simoni° M, Berneri° R, Pellegrini° E, Ferretti° D, Piro R, Sangiorgi° E 

Assessing olive oil : quality using FTNIR spectroscopy 

Euroanalysis 2009 : 6 - 10 September 2009 Innsbruck, Austria : Abstracts / [s.l. : s. n., 2009]. - 4166] 

Euroanalysis : Innsbruck, Austria : 6 - 10 September 2009) 

Quality assessment of final foodstuffs is a fundamental parameter in food production in order to 

maintain high quality products. Olive oil, especially extra virgin olive oil, is one of the well recognized 

important component of a modern diet, due to its healthy and nutritional quality. Several different 

analysis are required by official methods, like COI methods and EC Regulations 2568/1991 methods 

to distinguish among the different olive oil categories and to verify oil quality; they appear to be very 

complicated, time spending and expensive. More attractive are alternative and non destructive 

techniques such as spectroscopy. Aim of this work was to verify the possibility of NIR spectroscopy 

in assessing oil quality. NIR analysis were performed using a Fourier transform-NIR spectrometer 

(NIRFlex N-500, Búchi Laboretechnick AG, Flawill, Switzweriand) in the 4,000-10,000 cm-' range at

8 cm-' resolution with NIRCal 5.2 software for calibration. Samples were analysed using quarti cells 

(5 mm path length) in transmittance mode. Every spectrum was a 8 scans average. 160 oil samples 

coming from different italian regions were analyzed. Good correlations with chemical analysis were 

obtained for lipid composition (miristic, palmitic, heptadecanoic, stearic, arachidic, behenic, 

lignoceric, palmitoleic, heptadecenoic, oleic, eicosenoic, linoleic and linolenic acids), K 232, K270, 

AK, peroxides and acidity; that means the possibility to have a rapid "screening" for virgin olive oil 

because these analysis are required, along with organoleptic analysis, to establish the trueness of a 

virgin olive oil. Further attempts were made to have good correlations for other, more specific, 

features, like tocopherols, poliphenols and antioxidants moieties. According to our results, NIR 

spectroscopy seems to be a promising technique for oil quality index. 

Simoni° M, Sangiorgi° E, Biancardi° A, Piro° R 

Istamina : conoscerla per evitarla 

Eurofishmarket. - Vol. no 1 ( 2009). - p 72 - 88 [Nr. Estr. 4126] 

Una disamina sulla problematica dell' istamina al fine di spiegarne la natura, meccanismo d'azione, 

pericoli potenziali e reali, controlli effettuati, metodiche analitiche utili alla sua verifica e casi clinici 

nell'uomo. Alla scoperta della "sindrome sgombroide" per informare chi lavora o consuma prodotti 

della pesca a rischio. 

Simoni° R, Berneri° R, Lorandi° D, Ferretti° D, P iro° R, Sangiorgi° E 

Using spectroscopy FTIR analysis in honey characterization and official parameters 

determination : abstracts 

Euroanalysis 2009 : 6 - 10 September 2009 Innsbruck, Austria / [s.l. : s. n., 2009]. - 4167] 

Euroanalysis : Innsbruck, Austria : 6 - 10 September 2009) 

Honey is very important in the modern diet due to its nutritional features, its genuineness and 

healthiness. Honey composition is quite simple but its analysis is complicated by the different 

techniques implicated, e.g. refractometry and conductivity for moisture and ash determinations, 

liquid chromatography for hydroxymethylfurfural and sugars determinations, enzymatic reaction for 

diastase content and titration for acidity content determination, whereas FTIR spectroscopy allows to 

have many parameters with a single determination and only dilution as sample preparation. Aim of 

this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of FTIR analysis in honey characterization and official 

parameters determination. An IR Fourier transform-spectrometer for liquid was used (Milkoscan 

FT2, Foss Electric) with three waves lengths between 240 and 1299 nm (250-405 nm, 445-460 nm e 

735-770 nm), with WINISI II 1.50 software for data elaboration. Honey samples, 2470 at all, were 

from national competition selections. For parameters calibration sets from 754 (moisture) to 364 

samples (minor sugars) were used. Honey samples were diluted with water and analyzed for the 

following parameters: moisture, fructose, glucose, sucrose, HMF, diastase, Pfund color, minor 

sugars (erlose, maltose, isomaltose, maltulose, melezitose, rhamnose, raffinose, threalose, 

turanose), proline, conductivity and polarizer. The principal constituents curves showed good 

correlations whereas the minor carbohydrates ones looked promising. With IR technology it was 

possibie to verify the principal official requirements and a qualitative valuation of honey quality in a 

quick and cheap mode. It was even successfully possibie, for some monolloreal honeys to compare 

FTIR data with European monofioreal honey profiles (L.Persano Oddo, Apidologie 35, 2004). 

Methylantranilate is a marker for citrus honey and promising correlations were obtained between 

FTIR and chemical analysis, showing, also in this case, the possibility to obtain, in a cheap and 

quick manner, the most part of official parameters and monofloreal features determination.

Tab. 20.3 Igiene degli alimenti ad uso umano - IZS della Lombardia ...

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