Orbita – gornji zid (paries superior)
Orbita – gornji zid (paries superior)
Orbita – gornji zid (paries superior)
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Baza <strong>–</strong> aditus ditus orbitae<br />
•Pars Pars nasalis ossis frontalis<br />
•Margo Margo supraorbitalis ossis<br />
frontalis<br />
•Processus Processus zygomaticus ossis<br />
frontalis<br />
•Processus Processus frontalis ossis<br />
zygomatici<br />
•Margo Margo infraorbitalis maxillae<br />
•Crista Crista lacrimalis anterior<br />
Vrh-<br />
cannalis opticus<br />
• n. opticus<br />
• a. ophthalmica<br />
�� <strong>Orbita</strong><br />
�� Cavitas nasi<br />
�� Fossa infratemporalis<br />
�� Fossa pterygopalatina<br />
Horizontalni prečnik pre nik <strong>–</strong> 4cm<br />
Vertikalni prečnik pre nik <strong>–</strong> 3.5cm<br />
Dubina <strong>–</strong> 4.5cm<br />
<strong>Orbita</strong> <strong>–</strong> <strong>gornji</strong> <strong>zid</strong> (<strong>paries</strong> <strong>superior</strong>)<br />
Pars orbitalis<br />
Ossis frontalis<br />
Ala minor<br />
Ossis sphenoidalis
<strong>Orbita</strong> -spoljašnji <strong>zid</strong> (<strong>paries</strong><br />
lateralis)<br />
Facies orbitalis<br />
Ossis zygomatici<br />
<strong>Orbita</strong> <strong>–</strong>donji <strong>zid</strong> (<strong>paries</strong> inferior)<br />
Facies orbitalis<br />
maxillae<br />
Facies orbitalis<br />
Ossis zygomatici<br />
<strong>Orbita</strong> <strong>–</strong> unutrašnji <strong>zid</strong> (<strong>paries</strong> medialis)<br />
Processus frontalis maxillae<br />
Apertura piriformis
Choanae<br />
Choanae<br />
Cavitas nasi -pod pod<br />
Palatum osseum<br />
� Processus<br />
palatinus maxillae<br />
(2/3)<br />
� Lamina<br />
horisontalis ossis<br />
palatini (1/3)<br />
Unutrašnji <strong>zid</strong>, nosna pregrada<br />
(septum nasi)<br />
Pars ossea<br />
•Os ethmoidale <strong>–</strong> lamina<br />
perpendicularis<br />
•Vomer<br />
Pars cartilaginea<br />
•Cartilago septi nasi<br />
Pars membranacea<br />
� ossa nasalia,<br />
� Spina nasalis<br />
ossis frontalis<br />
� lamina cribrosa,<br />
� corpus ossis<br />
sphenoidalis<br />
Cavitas nasi<br />
<strong>gornji</strong> <strong>zid</strong> - krov<br />
Cavitas nasi<br />
spoljašnji <strong>zid</strong><br />
� maxilla (facies nasalis),<br />
� concha nasalis inferior,<br />
� os lacrimale,<br />
� labyrintus ethmoidalis<br />
(nosna strana),<br />
� lamina perpendicularis<br />
ossis palatini<br />
� processus pterygoideus,<br />
lamina medialis.<br />
PARANAZALNE ŠUPLJINE<br />
(sinus paranasales)
� Gornji <strong>zid</strong> <strong>–</strong> krov <strong>–</strong>donja strana tela<br />
sfenoidalne kosti<br />
� Vrh <strong>–</strong> vodi u canalis opticus major<br />
� Prednji <strong>zid</strong> <strong>–</strong> tuber maxillae i processus<br />
orbitalis ossis palatini<br />
� Zadnji <strong>zid</strong> <strong>–</strong> Prednja ivica processus<br />
pterygoideus i facies maxillaris alae<br />
majoris<br />
� Unutrašnji <strong>zid</strong> - facies maxillaris ossis<br />
palatini<br />
� Spoljašnji <strong>zid</strong> <strong>–</strong> širom otvoren prema<br />
fossi infratemporalis<br />
� Spoljašnji <strong>zid</strong> <strong>–</strong> ramus mandibulae<br />
� Unutrašnji <strong>zid</strong> <strong>–</strong> lamina lateralis processus pterygoidei<br />
� Prednji <strong>zid</strong> <strong>–</strong> facies infratemporalis maxillae<br />
� Gornji <strong>zid</strong> <strong>–</strong> facies infratemporalis allae majoris
Viscerocranium<br />
Odozgo<br />
Neurocranium<br />
Odozdo<br />
Norma facialis
Norma lateralis<br />
Norma inferior<br />
� Fonticulus anterior 2x2cm<br />
Početak zatvaranja X mes<br />
Završetak XII-XXIV mes.<br />
� Fonticulus posterior 0.5cm<br />
Zatvara se u II-IV mes<br />
Norma posterior<br />
��Fonticulus Fonticulus sphenoidalis<br />
s. anterolateralis<br />
Zatvara se u II-IV mes.<br />
��Fonticulus Fonticulus mastoideus<br />
s. posterolateralis<br />
Zatvara se krajem prve<br />
godine života ivota
� Prvi vratni pršljen (atlas)<br />
� Drugi vratni pršljen (axis)<br />
� Šesti vratni pršljen<br />
� Sedmi vratni pršljen (vertebra prominens)
� Lig. stylohyoideum<br />
� Lig. Pterygospinale<br />
� Syndesmosis<br />
dentoalveolaris s.<br />
gomphosis<br />
� Synchondrosis sphenooccipitalis<br />
� Synchondrosis intraoccipitalis anterior et<br />
posterior<br />
� Synchondrosis sphenoethmoidalis<br />
� Synchondrosis sphenopetrosa<br />
� Synchondrosis petrooccipitalis<br />
Fibrozni spojevi glave Hrskavičavi spojevi glave<br />
(juncturae fibrosae cranii) (juncturae cartilagineae cranii)<br />
� Syndesmoses cranii * Synchondroses cranii<br />
� Suturae<br />
� Sutura serrata<br />
-sutura sagittalis<br />
-sutura coronalis<br />
-sutura lambdoidea<br />
� Sutura squamosa<br />
� Sutura plana<br />
-sutura internasalis<br />
Pokretni spojevi, zglobovi<br />
(articulationes)<br />
� Art. temporomandibularis<br />
� Art. atlantooccipitalis
Funkcija viličnog<br />
Zgloba<br />
• podizanjezatvaranje<br />
usta<br />
• spuštanjeotvaranje<br />
usta<br />
• povlačenje<br />
napred-propulzija<br />
• povlačenje<br />
nazad-retropulzija<br />
• rotacija<br />
+raphe pterygomandibularis<br />
�� Veze<br />
› Lig. Lig. atlantooccipitale atlantooccipitale lat lat<br />
› Lig. Lig. atlantooccipitale atlantooccipitale ant ant<br />
› Membrana Membrana atlantooccipitalis<br />
atlantooccipitalis<br />
anterior anterior<br />
› Membrana Membrana atlantooccipitalis<br />
atlantooccipitalis<br />
posterior posterior<br />
�� Funkcija zgloba globa:<br />
• anteflexio 18-30°<br />
• retroflexio 30 °<br />
• lateroflexio 7-20 °<br />
Zglobljavaju se<br />
• mandibula i<br />
• temporalna kost<br />
Zglobne površine:<br />
• caput mandibulae<br />
• fossa temporalis<br />
Zglobna čahura:<br />
• membrana fibrosa<br />
• membrana synovialis<br />
Veze:<br />
• Kapsularne veze<br />
•Lig. laterale<br />
•Lig. mediale<br />
• Ekstrakapsularne veze<br />
• lig. sphenomandibulare<br />
• lig. stylomandibulare<br />
• raphe pterygomandibularis<br />
Zglobljavaju se:<br />
• atlas<br />
• os occipitale<br />
Zglobne površine:<br />
• facies articularis <strong>superior</strong><br />
atlasa<br />
• condylus occipitalis<br />
Zglobna čahura<br />
•membrana fibrosa<br />
• membrana synovialis<br />
�� Spojevi pršljenskih pr ljenskih tela<br />
(symphisis intervertebralis)<br />
�� Spojevi zglobnih nastavaka<br />
(aticulationes zygapophysiales)<br />
�� Vlaknasti spojevi<br />
(syndesmoses columnae vertebralis)
Lig. cruciforme<br />
atlantis<br />
F:<br />
U art. atlantoaxialisrotatio<br />
(30°)<br />
Lateroflexio (3-4°)
Hvala na<br />
pažnji
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