hindi

1 lwjg QkrsgkeDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bl dh 7 vk;r− g®Óq: djrk gw¡ vYykg ds uke ls tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS ¼1½lc rkjhQ vYykg gh ds fy, gS ¼2½vkSj lkjs tgk¡u dk ikyus okyk cM+k esgjcku jge okyk gS ¼3½jkst+s tt+k dk ekfyd gS ¼4½vYykg ge rsjh gh bcknr djrs g® vkSj rq> gh ls enn pkgrs gSa ¼5½rks gedks lh/kh jkg ij lkfcr d+ne j[k ¼6½mudh jkg ij ftUg− rwus ¼viuh½ usver vrk dh gS u mudh jkg ftu ij rsjk x+t+c

ssssssssssssssssss2 lwjg cd+jklwjg cd+jk ¼xk;½ enhuk e− ukft+y gqbZ vkSj ble− nks lkS fN;klh vk;r− vkSj pkyhl :dw g®AvYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvfyQ+ yke ehe ¼1½¼;s½ og fdrkc gSA ftl ¼ds fdrkcs [kq+nk gksus½ e− dqN Hkh 'kd ug° ¼;s½ ijgst+xkjk− dh jguqekgS ¼2½tks x+Sc ij bZeku ykrs g® vkSj ¼ikcUnh ls½ uekt+ vnk djrs g® vkSj tks dqN geus mudks fn;kgS mle− ls ¼jkgs [kq+nk e−½ [k+pZ djrs g® ¼3½vkSj tks dqN rqe ij ¼,s jlwy½ vkSj rqe ls igys ukft+y fd;k x;k gS ml ij bZeku ykrs g®vkSj ogh vkf[k+jr dk ;d+hu Hkh j[krs g® ¼4½;gh yksx vius ijojfnxkju dh fgnk;r ij ¼vkfey½ g® vkSj ;gh yksx viuh fnyh eqjkn− ik,¡xs¼5½cs'kd ftu yksxk− us dqÝ+ b[k+rs;kj fd;k muds fy, cjkcj gS ¼,s jlwy½ [+okg ¼pkgs½ rqe mUg−Mjkvks ;k u Mjkvks og bZeku u yk,¡xs ¼6½muds fnyk− ij vkSj muds dkuk− ij ¼ut+j djds½ [kq+nk us rlnhd+ dj nh gS ¼fd ;s bZeku uyk,¡xs½ vkSj mudh vk¡[kk− ij ijnk ¼iM+k gqvk½ gS vkSj mUg° ds fy, ¼cgqr½ cM+k vt+kc gS ¼7½vkSj ckt+ yksx ,sls Hkh g® tks ¼t+cku ls rks½ dgrs g® fd ge [kq+nk ij vkSj d+;ker ij bZekuyk, gkyk¡fd og fny ls bZeku ug° yk, ¼8½[kq+nk dks vkSj mu yksxk− dks tks bZeku yk, /kks[kk nsrs g® gkyk¡fd og vius vkidks /kks[kk nsrs g®vkSj dqN 'kÅj ug° j[krs g® ¼9½

muds fnyk− e− et+Z Fkk gh vc [kq+nk us muds et+Z dks vkSj cwBcksyk djrs Fks blfy, mu ij rdyhQ nsg vt+kc gS ¼10½vkSj tc muls dgk tkrk gS fd eqYd e− Q+lkn u djrs fQjks ¼rks½ dgrs g® fd ge rks flQZblykg djrs g® ¼11½[k+cjnkj gks tkvks cs'kd ;gh yksx Q+lknh g® ysfdu le>rs ug° ¼12½vkSj tc muls dgk tkrk gS fd ftl rjg vkSj yksx bZeku yk, g® rqe Hkh bZeku ykvks rksdgrs g® D;k ge Hkh mlh rjg bZeku yk,¡ ftl rjg vkSj csodw+Q+ yksx bZeku yk,] [k+cjnkj gkstkvks ;gh yksx csod+wQ+ g® ysfdu ug° tkurs ¼13½vkSj tc mu yksxksa ls feyrs g® tks bZeku yk pqds rks dgrs g® ge rks bZeku yk pqds vkSj tcvius 'kSrkuk− ds lkFk rugk jg tkrs g® rks dgrs g® ge rqEgkjs lkFk g® ge rks ¼eqlyekuk− dks½cukrs g® ¼14½¼og D;k cuk,¡xs½ [kq+nk mudks cukrk gS vkSj mudks kbZ ug° nsrk ;s yksx cgjs xw¡xs vU/ks g® fd fQj viuh xqejkgh ls ckt+ ug°vk ldrs ¼18½;k mudh felky ,slh gS tSls vklekuh ckfj'k ftle− rkfjfd;k¡ xjtnkj fctyh gks ekSr ds [kkSQ+ls dM+d ds ekjs vius dkuk− e− maxfy;k¡ ns ysrs g® gkyk¡fd [kq+nk dkfQ+jk− dks ¼bl rjg½ ?ksjs gq,gS ¼fd fgy ug° ldrs½ ¼19½d+jhc gS fd fctyh mudh vk¡[kk− dks pkSfU/k;k ns tc muds vkxs fctyh pedh rks ml jkS'kuh e−

py [kM+s gq, vkSj tc mu ij v¡/ksjk Nk x;k rks ¼fBBd ds½ [kM+s gks x, vkSj [kq+nk pkgrk rks;w¡ Hkh muds ns[kus vkSj lquus dh dqOor− Nhu ysrk cs'kd [kq+nk gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼20½,s yksxk− vius ijojfnxkj dh bcknr djks ftlus rqedks vkSj mu yksxk− dks tks rqe ls igys FksiSnk fd;k gS vtc ug° rqe ijgst+xkj cu tkvks ¼21½ftlus rqEgkjs fy, t+ehu dk fcNkSuk vkSj vkleku dks Nr cuk;k vkSj vkleku ls ikuh cjlk;kfQj mlh us rqEgkjs [kkus ds fy, ckt+ Qy iSnk fd, il fdlh dks [kq+nk dk gelj ¼Ójhd½ ucukvks gkyk¡fd rqe [kw+c tkurs gks ¼22½vkSj vxj rqe yksx bl dyke ls tks geus vius cUns ¼eqgEen½ ij ukft+y fd;k gS 'kd e− iM+sgks il vxj rqe lPps gks rks rqe ¼Hkh bl tSlh½ ,d lwjk cuk ykvks vkSj [kq+nk ds flok tksHkh rqEgkjs ennxkj gk− mudks Hkh cqyk yks ¼23½il vxj rqe ;s ug° dj ldrs gks vkSj gjfxt+ ug° dj ldksxs rks ml vkx ls Mjks ftldsbaZ/ku vkneh vkSj iRFkj gk−xs vkSj dkfQ+jk− ds fy, rS;kj dh xbZ gS ¼24½vkSj tks yksx bZeku yk, vkSj mUgk−us usd dke fd, mudks ¼,s iSx+Ecj½ [kq'k[k+cjh ns nks fd mudsfy, ¼cfg'r ds½ og ckx+kr g® ftuds uhps ugj− tkjh g® tc mUg− bu ckx+kr dk dksbZ esok [kkusdks feysxk rks dg−xs ;s rks ogh ¼esok gS tks igys Hkh ge− [kkus dks fey pqdk gS½ ¼D;k−fd½mUg− feyrh tqyrh lwjr o jax ds ¼esos½ feyk dj−xs vkSj cfg'r e− muds fy, lkQ+ lqFkjhchfo;k¡ gksxh vkSj ;s yksx ml ckx+ e− ges'kk jg−xs ¼25½cs'kd [kq+nk ePNj ;k mlls Hkh c−irkil tks yksx bZeku yk pqds g® og rks ;s ;d+hu tkurs g® fd ;s ¼felky½ fcYdqy Bhd gS vkSj;s ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ls gS ¼vc jgs½ og yksx tks dkfQ+j g® il og cksy mBrs g® fd [kq+nkdk ml felky ls D;k eryc gS] ,slh felky ls vYykg cgqrsjk− dh fgnk;r djrk gS exjxqejkgh e− NksM+rk Hkh gS rks ,sls cndkjk− dks ¼26½tks yksx [kq+nk ds ,gnks iSeku dks et+cwr gks tkus ds ckn rksM+ Mkyrs g® vkSj ftu ¼rkYyqd+kr½dk [kq+nk us gqDe fn;k gS mudks d+rvk dj nsrs g® vkSj eqYd e− Q+lkn djrs fQjrs g®] ;ghyksx ?kkVk mBkus okys g® ¼27½¼gk¡,½ D;k− dj rqe [kq+nk dk bUdkj dj ldrs gks gkyk¡fd rqe ¼ekvk− ds isV e−½ cstku Fks rks

mlh us rqedks ft+Unk fd;k fQj ogh rqedks ekj Mkysxk] fQj ogh rqedks ¼nksckjk d+;ker e−½ft+Unk djsxk fQj mlh dh rjQ ykSVk, tkvksxs ¼28½ogh rks og ¼[kq+nk½ gS ftlus rqEgkjs ¼uQ+s½ ds t+ehu dh dqy pht+k− dks iSnk fd;k fQj vkleku¼ds cukus½ dh rjQ+ eqrkoTtsg gqvk rks lkr vkleku geokj ¼o eqlrgde½ cuk fn, vkSj og¼[kq+nk½ gj pht+ ls ¼[kw+c½ okfd+Q gS ¼29½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ ml oD+r dks ;kn djks tc rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us Q+fj'rk− ls dgk fd eSa ¼viuk½,d uk,c t+ehu esa cukusokyk gw¡ ¼Qfj'rs rkTtqc ls½ dgus yxs D;k rw t+ehu ij ,sls 'k[+l dksiSnk djsxk tks t+ehu esa Q+lkn vkSj [kw+ujsft+;k¡ djrk fQjs gkyk¡fd ¼vxj½ [k+yhQ+k cukuk gS ¼rksgekjk T+;knk gd+ gS½ D;ksafd ge rsjh rkjhQ+ o rlchg djrs gSa vkSj rsjh ikdht+xh lkfcr djrsgSa rc [kq+nk us Q+jek;k blesa rks 'kd gh ugha fd tks eSa tkurk gw¡ rqe ugha tkurs ¼30½vkSj ¼vkne dh gd+hd+r t+kfgj djus dh x+jt+ ls½ vkne dks lc pht+ksa ds uke fl[kk fn, fQjmudks Qfj'rksa ds lkeus is'k fd;k vkSj Q+jek;k fd vxj rqe vius nkos esa fd ge eqLrgds+f[k+ykQ+r gSaA lPps gks rks eq>s bu pht+ksa ds uke crkvks ¼31½rc Q+fj'rksa us ¼vkftt+h ls½ vt+Z dh rw ¼gj ,Sc ls½ ikd o ikdht+k gS ge rks tks dqN rwuscrk;k gS mlds flok dqN ugha tkurs rw cM+k tkuus okyk] elygrksa dk igpkuus okyk gS ¼32½¼ml oD+r [kq+nk us vkne dks½ gqDe fn;k fd ,s vkne rqe bu Q+fj'rksa dks mu lc pht+ksa dsuke crk nks cl tc vkne us Q+fj'rksa dks mu pht+ksa ds uke crk fn, rks [kq+nk us Qfj'rksa dhrjQ f[k+rkc djds Q+jek;k D;ksa] eSa rqels u dgrk Fkk fd eSa vklekuksa vkSj t+ehuksa ds fNis gq,jkt+ dks tkurk gw¡] vkSj tks dqN rqe vc t+kfgj djrs gks vkSj tks dqN rqe fNikrs Fks ¼og lc½tkurk gw¡ ¼33½vkSj ¼ml oD+r dks ;kn djks½ tc geus Q+fj'rksa ls dgk fd vkne dks ltnk djks rks lc dslc >qd x, exj 'kSrku us bUdkj fd;k vkSj x+q:j esa vk x;k vkSj dkfQ+j gks x;k ¼34½vkSj geus vkne ls dgk ,s vkne rqe viuh choh leSr cfg'r esa jgk lgk djks vkSj tgk¡ lsrqEgkjk th pkgs mlesa ls c Q+jkx+r [kkvks ¼fi;ks½ exj ml nj[+r ds ikl Hkh u tkuk ¼ojuk½fQj rqe viuk vki uqd+lku djksxs ¼35½rc 'kSrku us vkne o gkSOok dks ¼/kks[kk nsdj½ ogk¡ ls Mxexk;k vkSj vkf[k+j dkj mudks ftl¼,S'k o jkgr½ esa Fks muls fudky Qsadk vkSj geus dgk ¼,s vkne o gkSOok½ rqe ¼t+ehu ij½

mrj iM+ks rqeesa ls ,d dk ,d nq'keu gksxk vkSj t+ehu esa rqEgkjs fy, ,d [k+kl oD+r ¼d+;ker½rd Bgjko vkSj fBdkuk gS ¼36½fQj vkne us vius ijojfnxkj ls ¼ekt+jr ds pUn vYQkt+½ lh[ks il [kq+nk us mu vYQkt+ dhcjdr ls vkne dh rkSck dq+cwy dj yh cs'kd og cM+k ekQ+ djus okyk esgjcku gS ¼37½¼vkSj tc vkne dks½ ;s gqDe fn;k Fkk fd ;gk¡ ls mrj iM+ks ¼rks Hkh dg fn;k Fkk fd½ vxjrqEgkjs ikl esjh rjQ+ ls fgnk;r vk, rks ¼mldh iSjoh djuk D;ksafd½ tks yksx esjh fgnk;r ijpysaxs mu ij ¼d+;ker½ esa u dksbZ [k+kSQ+ gksxk ¼38½vkSj u og jathnk gksxs vkSj ¼;s Hkh ;kn j[kks½ ftu yksxksa us dqÝ b[k+rs;kj fd;k vkSj gekjhvk;rksa dks >qByk;k rks ogh tgUuqeh gSa vkSj ges'kk nkst+[k+ esa iM+s jgsxs ¼39½,s cuh bljkbZy ¼;kd+wc dh vkSykn½ esjs mu ,glkukr dks ;kn djks tks rqe ij igys dj pqds gSavkSj rqe esjs ,gn o bd+jkj ¼bZeku½ dks iwjk djks rks eSa rqEgkjs ,gn ¼lokc½ dks iwjk d:¡xk]vkSj eq> gh ls Mjrs jgks ¼40½vkSj tks ¼dq+jku½ eSaus ukft+y fd;k og ml fdrkc ¼rkSjsr½ dh ¼Hkh½ rlnhd+ djrk gw¡ tks rqEgkjsikl gS vkSj rqe lcls pys mlds bUdkj ij ekStwn u gks tkvks vkSj esjh vk;rksa ds cnys FkksM+hd+her ¼nqu;koh Qk;nk½ u yks vkSj eq> gh ls Mjrs jgks ¼41½vkSj gd+ dks ckfry ds lkFk u feykvks vkSj gd+ ckr dks u fNikvks gkyk¡fd rqe tkurs gks vkSjikcUnh ls uekt+ vnk djks ¼42½vkSj t+dkr fn;k djks vkSj tks yksx ¼gekjs lkeus½ bcknr ds fy, >qdrs gSa muds lkFk rqe Hkh>qdk djks ¼43½vkSj rqe yksxksa ls usdh djus dks dgrs gks vkSj viuh [k+cj ugha ysrs gkyk¡fd rqe fdrkcs [kq+nkdks ¼cjkcj½ jVk djrs gks rks rqe D;k bruk Hkh ugha le>rs ¼44½vkSj ¼eqlhcr ds oD+r½ lcz vkSj uekt+ dk lgkjk idM+ks vkSj vycRrk uekt+ nwHkj rks gS exjmu [k+kd+lkjksa ij ¼ugha½ tks c[k+wch tkurs gSa ¼45½fd og vius ijojfnxkj dh ckjxkg esa gkft+j gksaxs vkSj t+:j mldh rjQ ykSV tk,¡xs ¼46½

,s cuh bljkby esjh mu usverksa dks ;kn djks tks eSaus igys rqEgsa nh vkSj ;s ¼Hkh rks lkspks½ fdgeus rqedks lkjs tgk¡u ds yksxksa ls c

d bZeku u yk,¡xs tc rd ge [kq+nk dks t+kfgj ct+kfgj u ns[k ys ml ij rqEgsa fctyh us ysMkyk] vkSj rqe rdrs gh jg x, ¼55½fQj rqEgsa rqEgkjs ejus ds ckn geus ftyk mBk;k rkfd rqe 'kqØ djks ¼56½vkSj geus rqe ij vcz dk lk;k fd;k vkSj rqe ij eu o lyok mrkjk vkSj ¼;s Hkh rks dgfn;k Fkk fd½ tks lkQ+ lqFkjh o uQhl jksft+;k rqEgsa nh gSa mUgsa 'kkSd+ ls [kkvks] vkSj mu yksxksa usgekjk rks dqN fcxM+k ugha exj viuh tkuksa ij flre

muds [kq+nk ds ikl gS vkSj u ¼d+;ker esa½ mu ij fdlh dk [k+kSQ gksxk u og jathnk fny gksaxs¼62½vkSj ¼og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc geus ¼rkehys rkSjsr½ dk rqels ,d+jkj dj fy;k vkSj geus rqEgkjslj ij rwj ls ¼igkM+ dks½ ykdj yVdk;k vkSj dg fn;k fd rkSjsr tks geus rqedks nh gS mldkset+cwr idM+s jgks vkSj tks dqN mlesa gS mldks ;kn j[kks ¼63½rkfd rqe ijgst+xkj cuks fQj mlds ckn rqe ¼vius ,gnks iSeku ls½ fQj x, il vxj rqe ij[kq+nk dk Qt+y vkSj mldh esgjckuh u gksrh rks rqeus l[+r ?kkVk mBk;k gksrk ¼64½vkSj viuh d+kSe ls mu yksxksa dh gkyr rks rqe c[kw+ch tkurs gks tks 'kEcs ¼luhpj½ ds fnuviuh gn ls xqt+j x, ¼fd ckotwn eqekfuvr f'kdkj [ksyus fudys½ rks geus mu ls dgk fd rqejkbUns x, cUnj cu tkvks ¼vkSj og cUnj gks x,½ ¼65½il geus bl okd+;s ls mu yksxksa ds okLrs ftu ds lkeus gqvk Fkk vkSj tks mlds ckn vkusokysFks vt+kc d+jkj fn;k] vkSj ijgst+xkjksa ds fy, ulhgr ¼66½vkSj ¼og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc ewlk us viuh d+kSe ls dgk fd [kq+nk rqe yksxksa dks rkdhnh gqDedjrk gS fd rqe ,d xk; t+cg ¼gyky½ djks og yksx dgus yxs D;k rqe gels fnYyxh djrsgks ewlk us dgk eSa [kq+nk ls iukg ek¡xrk gw¡ fd eSa tkfgy cuw¡ ¼67½¼rc og yksx dgus yxs fd ¼vPNk½ rqe vius [kq+nk ls nqvk djks fd gesa crk ns fd og xk;dSlh gks ewlk us dgk cs'kd [kq+nk us Qjekrk gS fd og xk; u rks cgqr cw

c;ku fd;k] x+jt+ mu yksxksa us og xk; gyky dh gkyk¡fd muls mEehn u Fkh og fd og ,slkdjsaxs ¼71½vkSj tc ,d 'k[+l dks ekj Mkyk vkSj rqeesa mldh ckcr QwV iM+ xbZ ,d nwljs dks d+kfrycrkus yxk tks rqe fNikrs Fks ¼72½[kq+nk dks mldk t+kfgj djuk eatw+j Fkk il geus dgk fd ml xk; dks dksbZ VqdM+k ysdj bl¼dh yk'k½ ij ekjks ;w¡ [kq+nk eqnsZ dks ft+Unk djrk gS vkSj rqe dks viuh dq+njr dh fu'kkfu;k¡fn[kk nsrk gS ¼73½rkfd rqe le>ks fQj mlds ckn rqEgkjs fny l[+r gks x;s il og fely iRFkj ds ¼l[+r½ Fks ;kmlls Hkh T+;knk dj[+r D;ksafd iRFkjksa esa ckt+ rks ,sls gksrs gSa fd muls ugjsa tkjh gks tkrh gSavkSj ckt+ ,sls gksrs gSa fd mues a njkj iM+ tkrh gS vkSj muesa ls ikuh fudy iM+rk gS vkSj ckt+iRFkj rks ,sls gksrs gSa fd [kq+nk ds [k+kSQ ls fxj iM+rs gSa vkSj tks dqN rqe dj jgs gks mlls[kq+nk x+kfQy ugha gS ¼74½¼eqlyekuksa½ D;k rqe ;s ykyp j[krs gks fd og rqEgkjk ¼lk½ bZeku yk,¡xsa gkyk¡fd muesa dk ,dfxjksg ¼lkfcd+ esa½ ,slk Fkk fd [kq+nk dk dyke lqukrk Fkk vkSj vPNh rjg le>us ds ckn myVQsj dj nsrk Fkk gkyk¡fd og [kw+c tkurs Fks vkSj tc mu yksxksa ls eqykd+kr djrs gSa ¼75½tks bZeku yk, rks dg nsrs gSa fd ge rks bZeku yk pqds vkSj tc muls ckt+&ckt+ ds lkFkrf[k+y;k djrs gSa rks dgrs gSa fd tks dqN [kq+nk us rqe ij ¼rkSjsr½ esa t+kfgj dj fn;k gS D;krqe ¼eqlyekuksa dks½ crk nksxs rkfd mlds lcc ls dy rqEgkjs [kq+nk ds ikl rqe ij gqTtr yk,¡D;k rqe bruk Hkh ugha le>rs ¼76½ysfdu D;k og yksx ¼bruk Hkh½ ugha tkurs fd og yksx tks dqN fNikrs gS a ;k t+kfgj djrs gSa[kq+nk lc dqN tkurk gS ¼77½vkSj dqN muesa ls ,sls vuirs vkSj og Qd+r [+;kyh ckrsa fd;k djrs gSa] ¼78½il ok, gks mu yksxksa ij tks vius gkFk ls fdrkc fy[krs gSa fQj ¼yksxksa ls dgrs fQjrs½ gSa fd;s [kq+nk ds ;gk¡ ls ¼vkbZ½ gS rkfd mlds t+fj;s ls FkksM+h lh d+her ¼nqu;koh Q+k;nk½ gkfly djsail vQlksl gS mu ij fd muds gkFkksa us fy[kk vkSj fQj vQlksl gS muij fd og ,slh dekbZdjrs gSa ¼79½

vkSj dgrs gSa fd fxurh ds pUn fnuksa ds flok geas vkx Nq,xh Hkh rks ugha ¼,s jlwy½ bu yksxksals dgks fd D;k rqeus [kq+nk ls dksbZ bd+jkj ys fy;k gS fd fQj og fdlh rjg vius bd+jkj dsf[k+ykQ+ gjfxt+ u djsxk ;k cs le>s cw>s [kq+nk ij cksgrku tksM+rs gks ¼80½gk¡ ¼lp rks ;g gS½ fd ftlus cqjkbZ gkfly dh vkSj mlds xqukgksa us pkjksa rjQ ls mls ?ksjfy;k gS ogh yksx rks nkst+[k+h gSa vkSj ogh ¼rks½ mlesa ges'kk jgasxs ¼81½vkSj tks yksx bZekunkj gSa vkSj mUgksaus vPNs dke fd, gSa ogh yksx tUurh gSa fd ges'kk tUur esajgsaxs ¼82½vkSj ¼og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc geus cuh bZljkby ls ¼tks rqEgkjs cqtq+Zx Fks½ vgn o iSeku fy;kFkk fd [kq+nk ds flok fdlh dh bcknr u djuk vkSj ek¡ cki vkSj d+jkcrnkjksa vkSj ;rheksa vkSjeksgrktksa ds lkFk vPNs lqywd djuk vkSj yksxksa ds lkFk vPNh rjg ¼ujeh½ ls ckrsa djuk vkSjcjkcj uekt+ i

fn, vkSj ikd :g ftcjhy ds t+fj;s ls mudh enn dh D;k rqe ml d+nj cnfnekx+ gks x, gksfd tc dksbZ iSx+Ecj rqEgkjs ikl rqEgkjh [+okfg'ks uQ+lkuh ds f[k+ykQ dksbZ gqDe ysdj vk;k rksrqe vdM+ cSBs fQj rqeus ckt+ iSx+Ecjksa dks rks >qByk;k vkSj ckt+ dks tku ls ekj Mkyk ¼87½vkSj dgus yxs fd gekjs fnyksa ij fx+ykQ p

¼,s jlwy½ bu yksxksa ls dg nks fd vxj [kq+nk ds ut+nhd vk[k+sjr dk ?kj ¼cfg'r½ [k+kl rqEgkjsokLrs gS vkSj yksxksa ds oklrs ugha gS il vxj rqe lPps gks rks ekSr dh vkjtw+ djks ¼94½¼rkfd tYnh csfg'r esa tkvks½ ysfdu og mu vkekys cn dh otg ls ftudks muds gkFkksa usigys ls vkxs Hkstk gS gjfxt+ ekSr dh vkjt+w u djsaxs vkSj [kq+nk t+kfyeksa ls [kw+c okfd+Q gS¼95½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe mu gh dks ft+Unxh dk lcls T+;knk gjhl ikvksxs vkSj eq'kfjd+ksa esa ls gj ,d'k[+l pkgrk gS fd dk'k mldks gt+kj cjl dh mez nh tkrh gkyk¡fd vxj bruh rwykuh mez Hkhnh tk, rks og vYykg ds vt+kc ls NqVdkjk nsus okyh ugha] vkSj tks dqN og yksx djrs gSa[kq+nk mls ns[k jgk gS ¼96½¼,s jlwy mu yksxksa ls½ dg nks fd tks ftcjhy dk nq'keu gS ¼mldk [kq+nk nq'keu gS½ D;ksafdml Q+fj'rs us [kq+nk ds gqDe ls ¼bl dq+jku dks½ rqEgkjs fny ij Mkyk gS vkSj og mu fdrkcksadh Hkh rlnhd djrk gS tks ¼igys ukft+y gks pqdh gSa vkSj lc½ mlds lkeus ekStwn gSa vkSjbZekunkjksa ds okLrs [kq+'k[k+cjh gS ¼97½tks 'k[+l vYykg vkSj mlds Qfj'rksa vkSj mlds jlwyksa vkSj ¼[k+kldj½ ftcjkbZy o ehdkby dknq'keu gks rks cs'kd [kq+nk Hkh ¼,sls½ dkfQ+jksa dk nq'eu gS ¼98½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ geus rqe ij ,slh fu'kkfu;k¡ ukft+y dh gSa tks okts, vkSj jkS'ku gSa vkSj ,slsukQjekuksa ds flok mudk dksbZ bUdkj ugha dj ldrk ¼99½vkSj mudh ;s gkyr gS fd tc dHkh dksbZ vgn fd;k rks mues a ls ,d Qjhd+ us rksM+ MkykcfYd muesa ls vDlj rks bZeku gh ugha j[krs ¼100½vkSj tc muds ikl [kq+nk dh rjQ ls jlwy ¼eqgEen½ vk;k vkSj ml fdrkc ¼rkSjsr½ dh tksmuds ikl gS rlnhd+ Hkh djrk gS rks mu vgys fdrkc ds ,d fxjksg us fdrkcs [kq+nk dks viusils iq'r Qsad fn;k xks;k og yksx dqN tkurs gh ugha vkSj ml ea= ds ihNs iM+ x, ¼101½ftldks lqyseku ds t+ekus dh lyrur esa 'k;krhu tik djrs Fks gkyk¡fd lqyseku us dqÝ ughab[+krs;kj fd;k ysfdu 'kSrkuksa us dqÝ ,[+krs;kj fd;k fd og yksxksa dks tknw fljok;k djrs FksvkSj og pht+sa tks gk:r vkSj ek:r nksuksa Q+fj'rksa ij ckbfcy esa ukft+y dh xbZ Fkh gkyk¡fd ;snksuksa Q+fj'rs fdlh dks fl[kkrs u Fks tc rd ;s u dg nsrs Fks fd ge nksuksa rks Q+d+r ¼t+fj;k,

vkt+ekb'k½ gS il rks ¼bl ij vey djds½ csbeku u gks tkuk ml ij Hkh muls og ¼VksVds½lh[krs Fks ftudh otg ls fe;k choh esa rQ+jd+k Mkyrs gkyk¡fd cx+Sj vT+us [kq+nk cUnh og viuhbu ckrksa ls fdlh dks t+jj ugha igq¡pk ldrs Fks vkSj ;s yksx ,slh ckrsa lh[krs Fks tks [kq+n mUgsauqd+lku igq¡pkrh Fkh vkSj dqN ¼uQ+k½ igq¡pkrh Fkh ckotwn fd og ;d+huu tku pqds Fks fd tks'k[+l bu ¼cqjkbZ;ksa½ dk [k+jhnkj gqvk og vkf[k+jr esa csulhc gSa vkSj cs'kqcg ¼eqvkot+k½ cgqr ghcM+k gS ftlds cnys mUgksaus viuh tkuksa dks cspk dk'k ¼mls dqN½ lksps le>s gksrs ¼102½vkSj vxj og bZeku ykrs vkSj tknw ox+Sjg ls cpdj ijgst+xkj curs rks [kq+nk dh njxkg ls tkslokc feyrk og mlls dgha csgrj gksrk dk'k ;s yksx ¼bruk rks½ le>rs ¼103½,s bZekuokyksa rqe ¼jlwy dks viuh rjQ eqrkoTts djuk pkgks rks½ jvkuk ¼gekjh fjvk;r dj½ udgk djks cfYd mut+qjuk ¼ge ij ut+js roTtks j[k½ dgk djks vkSj ¼th yxkdj½ lqurs jgks vkSjdkfQ+jksa ds fy, nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼104½,s jlwy vgys fdrkc esa ls ftu yksxksa us dqÝ b[k+rs;kj fd;k og vkSj eq'kjsdhu ;s ugha pkgrsgSa fd rqe ij rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls HkykbZ ¼ogh½ ukft+y dh tk, vkSj ¼mudk rks blesadqN btkjk ugha½ [kq+nk ftldks pkgrk gS viuh jger ds fy, [k+kl dj ysrk gS vkSj [kq+nk cM+kQt+y ¼djus½ okyk gS ¼105½¼,s jlwy½ ge tc dksbZ vk;r eUlw[k+ djrs gSa ;k rqEgkjs t+sgu ls feVk nsrs gSa rks mlls csgrj;k oSlh gh ¼vkSj½ ukft+y Hkh dj nsrs gSa D;k rqe ugha tkurs fd cs'kqcgk [kq+nk gj pht+ ijd+kfnj gS ¼106½D;k rqe ugha tkurs fd vkleku dh lyrur cs'kqcgk [k+kl [kq+nk gh ds fy, gS vkSj [kq+nk dsflok rqEgkjk u dksbZ ljijLr gS u ennxkj ¼107½¼eqlyekuksa½ D;k rqe pkgrs gks fd rqe Hkh vius jlwy ls oSlS gh ¼cs

vkSj uekt+ iqdk fn;k vkSj vPNs dke Hkh djrk gS rksmlds fy, mlds ijojfnxkj ds ;gk¡ mldk cnyk ¼ekStwn½ gS vkSj ¼vk[k+sjr esa½ ,sls yksxksa ij ufdlh rjg dk [k+kSQ+ gksxk vkSj u ,sls yksx x+ex+hu gksxs ¼112½vkSj ;gwn dgrs gSa fd uqlSjk dk et+gc dqN ¼Bhd½ ugha vkSj uqlSjk dgrs gSa fd ;gwn dket+gc dqN ¼Bhd½ ugha gkyk¡fd ;s nksuksa Qjhd+ fdrkcs ¼[kq+nk½ i

gekjs ikl ¼[kq+n½ dksbZ fu'kkuh D;ksa ugha vkrh] blh rjg mUgha dh lh ckrs og dj pqds gSa tksmuls igys Fks mu lc ds fny vkil esa feyrs tqyrs gSa tks yksx ;d+hu j[krs gSa mudks rksviuh fu'kkfu;k¡ D;ksa lkQrkSj ij fn[kk pqds ¼118½¼,s jlwy½ geus rqedks nhus gd+ ds lkFk ¼cfgÓr dh½ [kq+'k[k+cjh nsus okyk vkSj ¼vt+kc ls½ Mjkusokyk cukdj Hkstk gS vkSj nkst+f[k+;ksa ds ckjs esa rqels dqN u iwNk tk,xk ¼119½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ u rks ;gwnh dHkh rqels jt+kean gksxs u uqlSjk ;gk¡ rd fd rqe muds et+gc dhiSjoh djks ¼,s jlwy muls½ dg nks fd cl [kq+nk gh dh fgnk;r rks fgnk;r gS ¼ckd+h

¼'kgj½ dks iukg o veu dk 'kgj cuk] vkSj mlds jgus okyksa esa ls tks [kq+nk vkSj jkst+s vkf[k+jrij bZeku yk, mldks rjg&rjg ds Qy [kkus dks nsa [kq+nk us Qjek;k ¼vPNk exj½ oks dqÝb[+krs;kj djsxk mldh nqfu;k esa pUn jkst+ ¼mu pht+ks ls½ Q+k;nk mBkus nw¡xk fQj ¼vk[k+sjr esa½mldks etcwj djds nkst+[k+ dh rjQ [khap ys tkÅ¡xk vkSj og cgqr cqjk fBdkuk gS ¼126½vkSj ¼og oD+r ;kn fnykvks½ tc bcjkghe o blekbZy [k+kuk, dkck dh cqfu;knsa cqyUn dj jgsFks ¼vkSj nqvk½ ek¡xrs tkrs Fks fd ,s gekjs ijojfnxkj gekjh ¼;s f[k+ner½ dq+cwy dj cs'kd rw gh¼nwvk dk½ lquus okyk ¼vkSj mldk½ tkuus okyk gS ¼127½¼vkSj½ ,s gekjs ikyus okys rw gesa viuk Qjekcjnkj cUnk cuk gekjh vkSykn ls ,d fxjksg ¼iSnkdj½ tks rsjk Qjekcjnkj gks] vkSj gedks gekjs gt dh txgksa fn[kk ns vkSj gekjh rkSck d+qcwydj] cs'kd rw gh cM+k rkSck dq+cwy djus okyk esgjcku gS ¼128½¼vkSj½ ,s gekjs ikyus okys eDds okyksa esa mUgha esa ls ,d jlwy dks Hkst tks mudks rsjh vk;rsai

¼;gwnh bZlkbZ eqlyekuksa ls½ dgrs gSa fd ;gwn ;k uqljSuh gks tkvks rks jkgs jkLr ij vk tkvksxs¼,s jlwy muls½ dg nks fd ge bcjkghe ds rjhd+s ij gSa tks ckfry ls drjk dj pyrs Fks vkSjeq'kjsdhu ls u Fks ¼135½¼vkSj ,s eqlyekuksa rqe ;s½ dgks fd ge rks [kq+nk ij bZeku yk, gSa vkSj ml ij tks ge ijukft+y fd;k x;k ¼dq+jku½ vkSj tks lghQ+s bcjkghe o blekby o blgkd+ o ;kdw+c vkSj vkSykns;kdw+c ij ukft+y gq, Fks ¼mu ij½ vkSj tks fdrkc ewlk o bZlk dks nh xbZ ¼ml ij½ vkSj tksvkSj iSx+Ecjksa dks muds ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls mUgsa fn;k x;k ¼ml ij½ ge rks muesa ls fdlh¼,d½ esa Hkh rQjhd+ ugha djrs vkSj ge rks [kq+nk gh ds Qjekcjnkj gSa ¼136½il vxj ;s yksx Hkh mlh rjg bZeku yk, gSa ftl rjg rqe rks vycRrk jkgs jkLr ij vk x,vkSj vxj og bl rjhds+ ls eq¡g Qsj ysa rks cl og flQZ rqEgkjh gh ft+n ij gS rks ¼,s jlwy½mu ¼ds 'kj½ ls ¼cpkus dks½ rqEgkjs fy, [kq+nk dkQ+h gksxk vkSj og ¼lcdh gkyr½ [kw+c tkurk¼vkSj½ lqurk gS ¼137½¼eqlyekuksa ls dgks fd½ jax rks [kq+nk gh dk jax gS ftlesa rqe jaxs x, vkSj [kqnkbZ jax ls csgrjdkSu jax gksxk vkSj ge rks mlh dh bcknr djrs gSa ¼138½¼,s jlwy½ rqe muls iwNks fd D;k rqe ge ls [kq+nk ds ckjs >xM+rs gks gkyk¡fd ogh gekjk ¼Hkh½ijojfnxkj gS ¼ogh½ rqEgkjk Hkh ¼ijojfnxkj gS½ gekjs fy, gS gekjh dkjxqt+kfj;k¡ vkSj rqEgkjs fy,rqEgkjh dkjlrkfu;k¡ vkSj ge rks fujs[kjs mlh esa gSa ¼139½D;k rqe dgrs gks fd bcjkghe o blekby o blgkd+ o vkykSnsa ;kdw+c lc ds lc ;gwnh ;kuqlSjuh Fks ¼,s jlwy muls½ iwNks rks fd rqe T+;knk okfd+Q+ gks ;k [kq+nk vkSj mlls c

vkSj ftl rjg rqEgkjs fd+cys ds ckjs esa fgnk;r dh mlh rjg rqe dks vkfny mEer cuk;k rkfdvkSj yksxksa ds eqd+kcys esa rqe xokg cuks vkSj jlwy eksgEen rqEgkjs eqd+kcys esa xokg cusa vkSj ¼,sjlwy½ ftl fd+cys dh rjQ+ rqe igys lt+nk djrs Fks ge us mldks dks flQZ bl otg lsfd+cyk d+jkj fn;k Fkk fd tc fd+cyk cnyk tk, rks ge mu yksxksa dks tks jlwy dh iSjohdjrs gSa ge mu yksxksa ls vyx ns[k ysa tks myVs iko fQjrs gSa vxjps ;s myV Qsj flok muyksxksa ds ftu dh vYykg us fgnk;r dh gS lc ij Ókd+ t+#j gS vkSj vYykg ,slk ugha gS fdrqEgkjs bZeku uekt+ dks tks cSrqyeqd+íl dh rjQ idjÀ gd+ ckr dks fNikrs gSa ¼146½,s jlwy rcnhys fd+cyk rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls gd+ gS il rqe dgha Ód djus okyksa esals u gks tkuk ¼147½vkSj gj Qjhd+ ds okLrs ,d flEr gS mlh dh rjQ og uekt+ esa viuk eq¡g dj ysrk gS ilrqe ,s eqlyekuksa >xM+s dks NksM+ nks vkSj usfd;ksa es mu ls yid ds vkxs c

eksgrje ¼dkck½ dh rjQ+ dj fy;k djks vkSj cs'kd ;s u;k fd+cyk rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQls gd+ gS ¼149½vkSj rqEgkjs dkeksa ls vYykg x+kfQy ugh gS vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe tgk¡ ls tkvks ¼;gk¡ rd dseDdk ls rks Hkh½ rqe ¼uekt+ esa½ viuk eq¡g efLt+ns gjke dh rjQ dj fy;k djks vkSj ¼,sjlwy½ rqe tgk¡ dgh gqvk djks rks uekt+ esa viuk eq¡g mlh dkck dh rjQ+ dj fy;k djks ¼ckjckj gqDe nsus dk ,d Qk;nk ;s gS rkfd ykskxksa dk bYt+ke rqe ij u vkus ik, exj mu esa lstks yksx ukgd+ gB/kehZ djrs gSa og rks t+#j bYt+ke nsxsa½ rks rqe yksx muls Mjks ugha vkSj flQ+Zeq>ls Mjks vkSj ¼nwljk Q+k;nk ;s gS½ rkfd rqe ij viuh usver iwjh dj nw¡ ¼150½vkSj rhljk Qk;nk ;s gS rkfd rqe fgnk;r ikvks eqlyekuksa ;s ,glku Hkh oSlk gh gS tSls ge usrqe esa rqe gh esa dk ,d jlwy Hkstk tks rqedks gekjh vk;rsa i

xqukg ugha ¼cfYd lokc gS½ vkSj tks Ó[+l [kq'k [kq'k usd dke djs rks fQj vYykg Hkh d+njnk¡¼vkSj½ okfd+Q+dkj gS ¼158½cs'kd tks yksx gekjh bu jkS'ku nyhyksa vkSj fgnk;rksa dks ftUgsa geus ukft+y fd;k mlds cknfNikrs gSa tcfd ge fdrkc rkSjSr esa yksxksa ds lkeus lkQ+ lkQ+ c;ku dj pqds gSa rks ;gh yksxgSa ftu ij vYykg Hkh ykur djrk gS vkSj ykur djus okys Hkh ykur djrs gSa ¼159½exj ftu yksxksa us ¼gd+ fNikus ls½ rkSck dh vkSj viuh [k+jkch dh blykg dj yh vkSj tksfdrkcs vYykg esa gS lkQ+ lkQ+ c;ku dj fn;k il mu dh rkSck eS d+qcwy djrk gw¡ vkSj eS rkscM+k rkSck d+qcwy djus okyk esgjcku gw¡ ¼160½cs'kd ftu yksxksa usa dqÝ ,[+rs;kj fd;k vkSj dqÝ+ gh dh gkyr esa ej x, mUgh ij vYykg dhvkSj Qfj'rksa dh vkSj reke yksxksa dh ykur gS ges'kk mlh QVdkj esa jgsaxs ¼161½u rks muds vt+kc gh esa r[+Q+hQ+ ¿dehÀ dh tk,xh ¼162½vkSj u mudks vt+kc ls eksgyr nh tk,xh vkSj rqEgkjk ekcwn rks ogh ;drk vYykg gS ml dsflok dksbZ ekcwn ugha tks cM+k esgjcku jge okyk gS ¼163½cs'kd vkleku o t+ehu dh iSnkb'k vkSj jkr fnu ds jíks cny esa vkSj d+f'r;ksa tgkt+ksa esa tksyksxksa ds uQs+ dh pht+s ¼ekys frtkjr oxS+jg nfj;k½ esa ys dj pyrs gSa vkSj ikuh esa tks vYykgus vkleku ls cjlk;k fQj ml ls t+ehu dks eqnkZ ¼csdkj½ gksus ds ckn ftyk fn;k ¼'kknkc djfn;k½ vkSj ml esa gj fd+Le ds tkuoj QSyk fn;s vkSj gokvksa ds pykus esa vkSj vcz esa tksvkleku o t+ehu ds njfe;ku vYykg ds gqDe ls f?kjk jgrk gS ¼bu lc ckrksa esa½ vD+y okyksads fy, cM+h cM+h fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼164½vkSj ckt+ yksx ,sls Hkh gSa tks [+k+qnk ds flok vkSjksa dks Hkh vYykg dk fely o Ójhd cukrs gSa¼vkSj½ tSlh eksgCcr vYykg ls j[kuh pkfg, oSlh gh mu ls j[krs gSa vkSj tks yksx bZekunkj gSaog mu ls dgha c

vkSj iSjo dgus yxsaxs fd vxj gesa dgha fQj ¼nqfu;k esa½ iyVuk feys rks ge Hkh mu ls blhrjg vyx gks tk;saxs ftl rjg ,Su oD+r ij ;s yksx ge ls vyx gks x, ;w¡ gh vYykg muds vkeky dks fn[kk,xk tks mUgsa ¼lj rkik ikl gh½ ikl fn[kkbZ nsaxsa vkSj fQj Hkyk dc ognkst+[k+ ls fudy ldrsa gSa ¼167½,s yksxksa tks dqN t+ehu esa gSa ml esa ls gyky o ikdht+k pht+ ¼'kkSd+ ls½ [kkvks vkSj ÓSrku dsd+ne c d+ne u pyks og rks rqEgkjk t+kfgj c t+kfgj nq'eu gS ¼168½og rks rqEgsa cqjkbZ vkSj cndkjh gh dk gqDe djsxk vkSj ;s pkgsxk fd rqe cs tkus cw>s vYykgij cksgrku ck¡/kksa ¼169½vkSj tc mu ls dgk tkrk gS fd tks gqDe vYykg dh rjQ ls ukft+y gqvk gS ml dks ekuksrks dgrs gSa fd ugha cfYd ge rks mlh rjhd+s ij pysaxs ftl ij geus vius cki nknkvksa dksik;k vxjps mu ds cki nknk dqN Hkh u le>rs gksa vkSj u jkgs jkLr gh ij pyrs jgs gksa¼170½vkSj ftu yksxksa us dqÝ ,[+rs;kj fd;k mu dh felky rks ml Ó[+l dh felky gS tks ,slstkuoj dks iqdkj ds viuk gyd+ QkM+s tks vkokt+ vkSj iqdkj ds flok lqurk ¼le>rk [k+kd½ ugks ;s yksx cgjs xw¡xs vU/ksa gSa fd [k+kd ugha le>rs ¼171½,s bZekunkjksa tks dqN ge us rqEgsa fn;k gS ml esa ls lqFkjh pht+sa ¼'kkSd+ ls½ [kkvksa vkSj vxjvYykg gh dh bcknr djrs gks rks mlh dk ÓqØ djks ¼172½mlus rks rqe ij cl eqnkZ tkuoj vkSj [kw+u vkSj lwvj dk xks'r vkSj og tkuoj ftl ij t+cgds oD+r vYykg ds flok vkSj fdlh dk uke fy;k x;k gks gjke fd;k gS il tks Ó[+l etcwjgks vkSj ljd'kh djus okyk vkSj T+;knrh djus okyk u gks ¼vkSj mues ls dksbZ pht+ [kk ys½ rksmlij xqukg ugha gS cs'kd vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼173½cs'kd tks yksx bu ckrksa dks tks vYykg us fdrkc esa ukft+y dh gS fNikrs gSa vkSj mlds cnysFkksM+h lh d+her ¼nqu;koh uQ+k½ ys ysrsa gS ;s yksx cl v¡xkjksa ls vius isV Hkjrs gSa vkSj d+;kerds fnu vYykg mu ls ckr rd rks djsxk ugha vkSj u mUgsa ¼xqukgksa ls½ ikd djsxk vkSj mUgha dsfy, nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼174½

;gh yksx og gSa ftUgksaus fgnk;r ds cnys xqejkgh eksy yh vkSj cf[ÓÓ ¼vYykg½ ds cnysvt+kc il og yksx nkst+[k+ dh vkx ds D;ksadj cjnk'r djsaxs ¼175½;s blfy, fd vYykg us cjgd+ fdrkc ukft+y dh vkSj cs'kd ftu yksxksa us fdrkcs vYykg esajíks cny dh og yksx cM+s iYys njts dh eq[k+kysQr esa gSa ¼176½usdh dqN ;gh FkksM+h gS fd uekt+ esa vius eq¡g iwjc ;k if'pe dh rjQ+ dj yks cfYd usdh rksmldh gS tks vYykg vkSj jkst+s vkf[k+jr vkSj Q+fj'rksa vkSj vYykg dh fdrkcksa vkSj iSx+Ecjksa ijbZeku yk, vkSj mldh myQ+r esa viuk eky d+jkcr nkjksa vkSj ;rheksa vkSj eksgrktks vkSj ijnsfl;ksavkSj ek¡xus okyksa vkSj ykSUMh x+qyke ¼ds xqyw [kyklh½ esa lQZ djs vkSj ikcUnh ls uekt+ i

,s bZekunkjksa jkst+k j[kuk ftl rjg rqe ls igys ds yksxksa ij QtZ+ Fkk mlh rjQ rqe ij Hkh Qt+Zfd;k x;k rkfd rqe ml dh otg ls cgqr ls xqukgksa ls cpks ¼183½¼og Hkh ges'kk ugha cfYd½ fxurh ds pUn jkst+ bl ij Hkh ¼jkst+s ds fnuksa esa½ tks Ó[+l rqe esals chekj gks ;k lQj esa gks rks vkSj fnuksa esa ftrus d+t+k gq, gks½ fxu ds j[k ys vkSj ftUgsajkst+k j[kus dh dw+or gS vkSj u j[ksa rks mu ij ml dk cnyk ,d eksgrkt dks [kkuk f[kyk nsukgS vkSj tks Ó[+l viuh [k+q'kh ls HkykbZ djs rks ;s ml ds fy, T+;knk csgrj gS vkSj vxj rqele>nkj gks rks ¼le> yks fd fQn;s ls½ jkst+k j[kuk rqEgkjs gd+ esa cgjgky vPNk gS ¼184½¼jkst+ksa dk½ eghuk jet+ku gS ftl esa d+qjku ukft+y fd;k x;k tks yksxksa dk jguqek gS vkSj mlesajguqekbZ vkSj ¼gd+ o ckfry ds½ reht+ dh jkS'ku fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼eqlyekuksa½ rqe esa ls tks Ó[+lbl eghusa esa viuh txg ij gks rks mldks pkfg, fd jkst+k j[ks vkSj tks Ó[+l chekj gks ;k fQjlQ+j esa gks rks vkSj fnuksa esa jkst+s dh fxurh iwjh djs vYykg rqEgkjs lkFk vklkuh djuk pkgrk gSvkSj rqEgkjs lkFk l[+rh djuh ugha pkgrk vkSj ¼Óqekj dk gqDe bl fy, fn;k gS½ rkfd rqe¼jkst+ks dh½ fxurh iwjh djks vkSj rkfd vYykg us tks rqe dks jkg ij yxk fn;k gS ml usverij ml dh cM+kbZ djks vkSj rkfd rqe ÓqØ xqt+kj cuks ¼185½¼,s jlwy½ tc esjs cUns esjk gky rqels iwNs rks ¼dg nks fd½ eS mu ds ikl gh gw¡ vkSj tceq>ls dksbZ nqvk ek¡xrk gS rks eS gj nqvk djus okyksa dh nqvk ¼lqu ysrk gw¡ vkSj tks equkflc gksrks½ d+qcwy djrk gw¡ il mUgsa pkfg, fd esjk Hkh dguk ekus½ vkSj eq> ij bZeku yk,¡ ¼186½rkfd og lh/kh jkg ij vk tk, ¼eqlyekuksa½ rqEgkjs okLrs jkst+ksa dh jkrksa esa viuh chfo;ksa dsikl tkuk gyky dj fn;k x;k vkSjrsa ¼xks;k½ rqEgkjh pksyh gSa vkSj rqe ¼xks;k mu ds nkeu gks½vYykg us ns[kk fd rqe ¼xqukg½ djds viuk uqdlku djrs ¼fd vk¡[k cpk ds viuh chch dsikl pys tkrs Fks½ rks mlus rqEgkjh rkSck d+qcwy dh vkSj rqEgkjh [k+rk ls nj xqt+j fd;k il rqevc muls ge fcLrjh djks vkSj ¼vkSykn½ tks dqN vYykg us rqEgkjs fy, ¼rd+nhj esa½ fy[k fn;kgS mls ek¡xksa vkSj [kkvks vkSj fi;ks ;gk¡ rd fd lqcg dh lQsn /kkjh ¼jkr dh½ dkyh /kkjh lsvkleku ij iwjc dh rjQ+ rd rqEgsa lkQ ut+j vkus yxs fQj jkr rd jkst+k iwjk djks vkSj gk¡tc rqe efLt+nksa esa ,rsdkQ+ djus cSBks rks mu ls ¼jkr dks Hkh½ ge fcLrjh u djks ;s vYykgdh ¼eqv¸;qu dh gq;h½ gns gSa rks rqe muds ikl Hkh u tkuk ;w¡ [kqYye [kqYyk vYykg vius,gdke yksxksa ds lkeus c;ku djrk gS rkfd og yksx ¼ukQ+jekuh ls½ cpsa ¼187½vkSj vkil esa ,d nwljs dk eky ukgd+ u [kkvks vkSj u eky dks ¼fj'or esa½ gqDdke ds ;gk¡

ksad nks rkfd yksxksa ds eky esa ls ¼tks½ dqN gkFk yxs ukgd+ [k+qnZ cqnZ dj tkvks gkykfd rqetkurs gks ¼188½¼,s jlwy½ rqe ls yksx pk¡n ds ckjs esa iwNrs gSa ¼fd D;ks ?kVrk c

dyhQ gks rks ¼lj eq¡Mokus dk cnyk½ jksts+ ;k [kS+jkr ;k dq+jckuh gS il tc eqrebu jgksa rkstks Ó[+l gt reRrks dk mejk djs rks mldks tks dq+jckuh e;Llj vk;s djuh gksxh vkSj ftl lsdq+jckuh uk eqefdu gks rks rhu jksts+ t+keku, gt esa ¼j[kus gkasxs½ vkSj lkr jksts+ tc rqe okilvkvks ;s iwjk ngkbZ gS ;s gqDe ml Ó[+l ds okLrs gS ftl ds yM+ds ckys efLt+nqy gjke¼eDdk½ ds ckf'kUns u gks vkSj vYykg ls Mjks vkSj le> yks fd vYykg cM+k l[+r vt+kcokyk gS ¼196½gt ds eghus rks ¼vc lc dks½ ekywe gSa ¼'kOoky] t+hd+knk] ftygt½ il tks Ó[+l mu eghuksaesa vius Åij gt ykft+e djs rks ¼,gjke ls vkf[k+j gt rd½ u vkSjr ds ikl tk, u dksbZvkSj xqukg djs vkSj u >xMs+ vkSj usdh dk dksbZ lk dke Hkh djksa rks vYykg ml dks [kw+ctkurk gS vkSj ¼jkLrs ds fy,½ t+kn jkg eqfg¸;k djks vkSj lc es csgrj t+kn jkg ijgst+xkjh gSvkSj ,s vD+yeUnksa eq> ls Mjrs jgks ¼197½bl esa dksbZ bYt+ke ugha gS fd ¼gt ds lkFk½ rqe vius ijojfnxkj ds Qt+y ¼uQ+k frtkjr½ dh[+okfg'k djks vkSj fQj tc rqe vjQkr ls py [kM+s gks rks e'kv#y gjke ds ikl vYykg dkftØ djks vkSj ml dh ;kn Hkh djks rks ftl rjg rqEgs crk;k gS vxjps rqe blds igys rksxqejkgks ls Fks ¼198½fQj tgk¡ ls yksx py [kM+s gksa ogha ls rqe Hkh py [kM+s gks vkSj mlls ex+fQjr dh nqvk ek¡xksacs'kd vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼199½fQj tc rqe vjd+kus gt ctk yk pqdks rks rqe bl rjg ft+Øs vYykg djks ftl rjg rqe viuscki nknkvksa dk ft+Ø djrs gks cfYd mlls cs nqfu;k esa usver ns vkSjvkf[k+jr esa lokc ns vkSj nkst+[k+ dh ckx ls cpk ¼201½;gh og yksx gSa ftuds fy, viuh dekbZ dk fgLlk pSu gS ¼202½vkSj vYykg cgqr tYn fglkc ysus okyk gS ¼fuLQ+½ vkSj bu fxurh ds pUn fnuksa rd ¼rks½vYykg dk ft+Ø djks fQj tks Ó[+l tYnh dj cSBS vkSj ¼feuk½ ls vkSj nks gh fnu esa py[k+M+k gks rks ml ij Hkh xqukg ugha gS vkSj tks ¼rhljs fnu rd½ Bgjk jgs ml ij Hkh dqN xqukg

ugh ysfdu ;g fj;k;r mlds okLrs gS tks ijgst+xkj gks] vkSj [kq+nk ls Mjrs jgks vkSj ;d+hu tkuksfd ,d fnu rqe lc ds lc mldh rjQ d+czksa ls mBk, tkvksxs ¼203½,s jlwy ckt+ yksx equkfQd+hu ls ,sls Hkh gSa ftudh fpduh pqiM+h ckrsa ¼bl t+jk lh½ nqu;kohft+Unxh esa rqEgsa cgqr Hkkrh gS vkSj og viuh fnyh eksgCcr ij vYykg dks xokg eqd+jZj djrs gSagkykWfd og rqEgkjs nq'euksa esa lcls T+;knk >xM+kyw gSa ¼204½vkSj tgk¡ rqEgkjh eksgCcr ls eq¡g Qsjk rks b/kj m/kj nkSM+ /kwi djus yxk rkfd eqYd esa Q+lknQSyk, vkSj t+jkvr ¿[ksrh ckM+hÀ vkSj eos'kh dk lR;kukl djs vkSj vYykg Qlkn dks vPNk ughale>rk ¼205½vkSj tc dgk tkrk gS fd vYykg ls Mjks rks mls x+q#j xqukg ij mHkkjrk gS cl ,sls dEc[+rds fy, tgUuqe gh dkQ+h gS vkSj cgqr gh cqjk fBdkuk gS ¼206½vkSj yksxksa esa ls vYykg ds cUns dqN ,sls gSa tks [+k+qnk dh ¼[+kq'kuwnh½ gkfly djus dh x+jt+ lsviuh tku rd csp Mkyrs gSa vkSj vYykg ,sls cUnksa ij cM+k gh Ó+D+d+r okyk gS ¼207½bZeku okyksa rqe lcds lc ,d ckj bLyke esa ¼iwjh rjg ½ nkf[k+y gks tkvks vkSj ÓSrku ds d+nec d+ne u pyks og rqEgkjk ;d+huh t+kfgj c t+kfgj nq'eu gS ¼208½fQj tc rqEgkjs ikl jkS'ku nyhys vk pqdh mlds ckn Hkh Mxexk x, rks vPNh rjg le> yksfd vYykg ¼gj rjg½ x+kfyc vkSj rnchj okyk gS ¼209½D;k og yksx blh ds eqUrft+j gSa fd lQsn ckny ds lk; ckuks dh vkM+ esa vt+kcs vYykgvkSj vt+kc ds Q+fj'rs mu ij gh vk tk, vkSj lc >xM+s pqd gh tkrs gkykWfd vkf[k+j dqymeqj [+k+qnk gh dh rjQ #tw fd, tk,¡xs ¼210½¼,s jlwy½ cuh bljkby ls iwNks fd ge us mu dks dSlh dSlh jkS'ku fu'kkfu;k¡ nh vkSj tc fdlhÓ[+l ds ikl vYykg dh usver ¼fdrkc½ vk pqdh ml ds ckn Hkh ml dks cny Mkys rkscs'kd+ vYykg l[+r vt+kc okyk gS ¼211½ftu yksxksa us dqÝ b[+rs;kj fd;k mu ds fy;s nqfu;k dh t+jk lh ft+Unxh [k+wc vPNh fn[kk;h x;hgS vkSj bekunkjksa ls el[kjkiu djrs gSa gkykWfd d+;ker ds fnu ijgst+xkjksa dk njtk muls ¼dgha½c

¼igys½ lc yksx ,d gh nhu j[krs Fks ¼fQj vkil esa >xM+us yxs rc½ vYykg us utkr ls[+kq'k [k+cjh nsus okys vkSj vt+kc ls Mjkus okys iSx+Ecjksa dks Hkstk vkSj bu iSx+Ecjksa ds lkFkcjgd+ fdrkc Hkh ukft+y dh rkfd ftu ckrksa esa yksx >xM+rs Fks fdrkcs [+k+qnk ¼mldk½ Q+Slykdj ns vkSj fQj vQ+lksl rks ;s gS fd bl gqDe ls b[+rsykQ fd;k Hkh rks mUgha yksxksa us ftudks fdrkc nh x;h Fkh vkSj og Hkh tc mu ds ikl vYykg ds lkQ ,gdke vk pqds mldsckn vkSj og Hkh vkil dh Ójkjr ls rc vYykg us viuh esgjckuh ls ¼[k+kfyl½ bZekunkjksa dksog jkgs gd+ fn[kk nh ftl esa mu yksxksa us b[+rsykQ Mky j[kk Fkk vkSj [+k+qnk ftl dks pkgs jkgsjkLr dh fgnk;r djrk gS ¼213½D;k rqe ;s [+;ky djrs gks fd csg'r esa igq¡p gh tkvksxs gkykWfd vHkh rd rqEgs vxys t+ekusokyksa dh lh gkyr ugha is'k vk;h fd mUgsa rjg rjg dh rd+yhQksa ¼Qkd+k d'kh eksgrkth½ vkSjchekjh us ?ksj fy;k Fkk vkSj t+yt+ys esa bl d+nj f>a>ksMs+ x, fd vkf[k+j ¼vkft+t+ gks ds½ iSx+EcjvkSj bZeku okys tks mu ds lkFk Fks dgus yxs nsf[k, vYykg dh enn dc ¼gksrh½ gS ns[kks¼?kcjkvks ugha½ [+k+qnk dh enn ;d+huu cgqr d+jhc gS ¼214½¼,s jlwy½ rqels yksx iwNrs gSa fd ge vYykg dh jkg esa D;k [kpZ djsa ¼rks rqe mUgsa½ tokcnks fd rqe viuh usd dekbZ ls tks dqN [kpZ djks rks ¼og rqEgkjs ek¡ cki vkSj d+jkcrnkjksa vkSj;rheksa vkSj eksgrktks vkSj ijnsfl;ksa dk gd+ gS vkSj rqe dksbZ usd lk dke djks [+k+qnk mldks t+#jtkurk gS ¼215½¼eqlyekuksa½ rqe ij ftgkn QtZ+ fd;k x;k vxjps rqe ij Ókd+ t+#j gS vkSj vtc ugha fd rqefdlh pht+ ¼ftgkn½ dks ukilUn djks gkykWfd og rqEgkjs gd+ esa csgrj gks vkSj vtc ugha fdrqe fdlh pht+ dks ilUn djks gkykWfd og rqEgkjs gd+ esa cqjh gks vkSj vYykg ¼rks½ tkurk ghgS exj rqe ugh tkurs gks ¼216½¼,s jlwy½ rqels yksx gqjer okys eghuksa dh fuLcr iwNrs gSa fd ¼vk;k½ ftgkn muesa tk;t+ gS rksrqe mUgsa tokc nks fd bu eghuksa esa tsgkn cM+k xqukg gS vkSj ;s Hkh ;kn jgs fd [+k+qnk dh jkgls jksduk vkSj vYykg ls bUdkj vkSj efLtnqy gjke ¼dkck½ ls jksduk vkSj tks ml ds ,gy gSmudk efLtn ls fudky ckgj djuk ¼;s lc½ vYykg ds ut+nhd bl ls Hkh c

cs'kd ftu yksxksa us bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vYykg dh jkg esa fgtjr dh vkSj ftgkn fd;k ;ghyksx jgers vYykg ds mEehnokj gSa vkSj vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼218½¼,s jlwy½ rqels yksx Ójkc vkSj tq, ds ckjs esa iwNrs gSa rks rqe mu ls dg nks fd bu nksuks esacM+k xqukg gS vkSj dqN Qk;ns Hkh gSa vkSj mu ds Qk;ns ls mu dk xqukg c

vkSj ¼eqlyekuksa½ rqe viuh d+leksa ¼ds ghys½ ls vYykg ¼ds uke½ dks yksxksa ds lkFk lqywd djusvkSj vYykg ls Mjus vkSj yksxksa ds njfe;ku lqyg djok nsus dk ekusv u Bgjko vkSj vYykglcdh lqurk vkSj lc dks tkurk gS ¼224½rqEgkjh yx+ks ¿csdkjÀ d+leksa ij tks csb[+rs;kj t+cku ls fudy tk, vYykg rqe ls fxj+rkj ughadjus dk exj mu dleksa ij t+#j rqEgkjh fxj+r djsxk tks rqeus d+lnu ¿tku djÀ fny ls[kk;ha gks vkSj vYykg c[+'kus okyk cqnZckj gS ¼225½tks yksx viuh chfo;ksa ds ikl tkus ls d+le [kk;sa mu ds fy, pkj eghus dh eksgyr gS ilvxj ¼og viuh d+le ls ml eqír esa ckt+ vk,½ vkSj mudh rjQ roTtks djsa rks cs'kdvYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼226½vkSj vxj rykd+ gh dh Bku ys rks ¼Hkh½ cs'kd vYykg lcdh lqurk vkSj lc dqN tkurk gS¼227½vkSj ftu vkSjrksa dks rykd+ nh x;h gS og vius vkidks rykd+ ds ckn rhu gSt+ ds [k+Re gkstkus rd fudkg lkuh ls jksds vkSj vxj og vkSjrsa vYykg vkSj jksts+ vkf[k+jr ij beku yk;ha gSarks muds fy, tk,t+ ugha gS fd tks dqN Hkh vYykg us muds jge ¼isV½ esa iSnk fd;k gS mldksfNik,¡ vkSj vxj mu ds ÓkSgj esy tksy djuk pkgsa rks og ¼eqír et+dwjk½ esa mu ds okilcqyk ysus ds T+;knk gd+nkj gSa vkSj Ójh;r eqokfQd+ vkSjrksa dk ¼enks Za ij½ ogh lc dqN gd+ gStks enksZa dk vkSjrksa ij gS gk¡ vycRrk enksZa dks ¼Q+thyr esa½ vkSjrksa ij QkSfd+;r t+#j gS vkSjvYykg t+cjnLr fgd+er okyk gS ¼228½rykd+ jtvbZ ftlds ckn #tw gks ldrh gS nks gh ejrck gS mlds ckn ;k rks Ójh;r dseokfQd+ jksd gh ysuk pkfg, ;k gqLu lqywd ls ¼rhljh nQ+k½ fcYdqy :[+klr vkSj rqe dks ;stk;t+ ugha fd tks dqN rqe mUgsa ns pqds gks ml esa ls fQj dqN okil yks exj tc nksuksa dksbldk [k+kSQ+ gks fd vYykg us tks gnsa eqd+jZj dj nh gSa mu dks nksuks fe;k choh d+k;e u j[kldsaxs fQj vxj rqEgs ¼,s eqlyekuks½ ;s [+kkSQ+ gks fd ;g nksuks vYykg dh eqdjZj dh gq;h gnksij d+k;e u jgsaxs rks vxj vkSjr enZ dks dqN nsdj viuk ihNk NqM+k, ¼[kqyk djk,½ rks blesamu nksuksa ij dqN xqukg ugha gS ;s vYykg dh eqd+jZj dh gq;h gnsa gSa cl mu ls vkxs u c

vycÙkk mu fe;k chch ij ckge esy dj ysus esa dqN xqukg ugha gS vxj mu nksuksa dks ;gx+qeku gks fd vYykg gnksa dks d+k;e j[k ldsaxsa vkSj ;s vYykg dh ¼eqd+jZj dh gq;h½ gnsa gSa tksle>nkj yksxksa ds okLrs lkQ lkQ c;ku djrk gS ¼230½vkSj tc rqe viuh chfo;ksa dks rykd+ nks vkSj mudh eqír iwjh gksus dks vk, rks vPNs muoku lsmu dks jksd yks ;k gqLus lqywd ls fcYdqy #[k+lr gh dj nks vkSj mUgsa rdyhQ igq¡pkus ds fy,u jksdks rkfd ¼fQj mu ij½ T+;knrh djus yxks vkSj tks ,slk djsxk rks ;d+huu vius gh ijtq+Ye djsxk vkSj vYykg ds ,gdke dks dqN g¡lh BV~Vk u le>ks vkSj vYykg us tks rqEgsausversa nh gSa mUgsa ;kn djks vkSj tks fdrkc vkSj vD+y dh ckrsa rqe ij ukft+y dh muls rqEgkjhulhgr djrk gS vkSj vYykg ls Mjrs jgks vkSj le> j[kks fd vYykg gj pht+ dks t+#j tkurkgS ¼231½vkSj tc rqe vkSjrksa dks rykd+ nks vkSj og viuh eqír ¼bír½ iwjh dj ysa rks mUgsa vius ÓkSgjksds lkFk fudkg djus ls u jksdksa tc vkil esa nksuksa fe;k choh Ójh;r ds eqokfQd+ vPNh rjgfey tqy tk,¡ ;s mlh Ó[+l dks ulhgr dh tkrh gS tks rqe esa ls vYykg vkSj jksts+ vk[ks+jrij bZeku yk pqdk gks ;gh rqEgkjs gd+ esa cM+h ikdht+k vkSj lQ+kbZ dh ckr gS vkSj mldh [k+wchvYykg [kwc tkurk gS vkSj rqe ¼oSlk½ ugha tkurs gks ¼232½vkSj ¼rykd+ nsus ds ckn½ tks Ó[+l viuh vkSykn dks iwjh eqír rd nw/k fiyokuk pkgs rks mldh[k+kfrj ls ek,¡ viuh vkSykn dks iwjs nks cjl nw/k fiyk,¡ vkSj ftldk og yM+dk gS ¼cki½ mlij ekvksa dk [kkuk diM+k nLrwj ds eqrkfcd+ ykft+e gS fdlh Ó[+l dks t+ger ugha nh tkrhexj mldh xqUtkb'k Hkj u ek¡ dk ml ds cPps dh otg ls uqd+lku xokjk fd;k tk, vkSj uftl dk yM+dk gS ¼cki½ mldk ¼cfYd nLrwj ds eqrkfcd+ fn;k tk,½ vkSj vxj cki u gks rksnw/k fiykus dk gd+ mlh rjg okfjl ij ykft+e gS fQj vxj nks cjl ds d+Cy ek¡ cki nksuksaviuh ejt+h vkSj e'kojs ls nw/k c

dh ¼dSn+ bík½ [+kkLrxkjh ¿mEehnokjhÀ djks ;k vius fnyks esa fNik, j[kks rks mlesa Hkh dqN rqeij bYt+ke ugha gSa ¼D;ksafd½ vYykg dks ekywe gS fd ¼rqe ls lcz u gks ldsxk vkSj½ mu vkSjrksals fudkg djus dk [+;ky vk,xk ysfdu pksjh fNis ls fudkg dk ok;nk u djuk exj ;s fd muls vPNh ckr dg xqt+jksa ¼rks et+k,d+k ugha½ vkSj tc rd eqd+jZj fe;kn xqt+j u tk, fudkg dkd+ln ¿bjknkÀ Hkh u djuk vkSj le> j[kks fd tks dqN rqEgkjh fny esa gS vYykg ml dks t+#jtkurk gS rks ml ls Mjrs jgks vkSj ¼;s Hkh½ tku yks fd vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk cqnZckj gS¼235½vkSj vxj rqe us viuh chfo;ksa dks gkFk rd u yxk;k gks vkSj u egj eqv¸;qu fd;k gks vkSjmlds d+Cy gh rqe mudks rykd+ ns nks ¼rks bl esa Hkh½ rqe ij dqN bYt+ke ugha gS gk¡ muvkSjrksa ds lkFk ¼nLrwj ds eqrkfcd+½ ekynkj ij viuh gSfl;r ds eqvkfQd+ vkSj x+jhc ij viuhgSfl;r ds eqokfQd+ ¼diM+s #i, ox+Sjg ls½ dqN lqywd djuk ykft+e gS usdh djus okyksa ij ;sHkh ,d gd+ gS ¼236½vkSj vxj rqe mu vkSjrksa dk esgj rks eqv¸;u dj pqds gks exj gkFk yxkus ds d+Cy gh rykd+ns nks rks mu vkSjrksa dks esgj eqv¸;u dk vk/kk ns nks exj ;s fd ;s vkSjrsa [k+qn ekQ dj nsa ;kmu dk oyh ftlds gkFk esa muds fudkg dk ,[+rs;kj gks ekQ+ dj ns ¼rc dqN ugh½ vkSj vxjrqe gh lkjk esgj c[+'k nks rks ijgst+xkjh ls cgqr gh d+jhc gS vkSj vkil dh cqt+qZxh rks erHkwyks vkSj tks dqN rqe djrs gks vYykg t+#j ns[k jgk gS ¼237½vkSj ¼eqlyekuksa½ rqe reke uekt+ksa dh vkSj [k+qlwlu chp okyh uekt+ lqcg ;k t+ksgj ;k vlz dhikcUnh djks vkSj [k+kl vYykg gh okLrs uekt+ esa d+quwr i

vkSj ftu vkSjrksa dks rkv¸;qu esgj vkSj gkFk yxk, cxS+j rykd+ ns nh tk, muds lkFk tksM+s #i,oxS+jg ls lqywd djuk ykft+e gS ¼241½¼;s Hkh½ ijgst+xkjksa ij ,d gd+ gS mlh rjg [+k+qnk rqe yksxksa dh fgnk;r ds okLrs vius ,gd+kelkQ+ lkQ+ c;ku Qjekrk gS ¼242½rkfd rqe le>ks ¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqe us mu yksxksa ds gky ij ut+j ugh dh tks ekSr ds Mj dsekjs vius ?kjksa ls fudy Hkkxs vkSj og gt+kjks vkneh Fks rks [+k+qnk us mu ls Qjek;k fd lc dslc ej tkvks ¼vkSj og ej x,½ fQj [+k+qnk u mUgsa ftUnk fd;k cs'kd vYykg yksxksa ij cM+kesgjcku gS exj vDlj yksx mldk ÓqØ ugha djrs ¼243½vkSj eqlyekuksa [+k+qnk dh jkg es ftgkn djks vkSj tku j[kks fd [+k+qnk t+#j lc dqN lqurk ¼vkSj½tkurk gS ¼244½gS dksbZ tks [+k+qnk dks d+tsZ+ gqLuk ns rkfd [+k+qnk mlds eky dks bl ds fy, dbZ xquk c

mu rCcqjd+kr ls cpk [kqpk gksxk tks ewlk vkSj gk#u dh vkSykn ;knxkj NksM+ x;h gS vkSj mllUnwd dks Qfj'rs mBk, gksxsa vxj rqe bZeku j[krs gks rks cs'kd mlesa rqEgkjs okLrs iwjh fu'kkuh gS¼248½fQj tc rkywr y'kdj leSr ¼'kgj ,sfy;k ls½ jokuk gqvk rks vius lkfFk;ksa ls dgk ns[kks vkxs,d ugj feysxh bl ls ;d+huu vYykg rqEgkjs lcz dh vkt+ekb'k djsxk il tks Ó[+l ml dkikuh ih;sxk eq>s ¼dqN okLrk½ ugh j[krk vkSj tks ml dks ugh p[ksxk og cs'kd eq> ls gksxkexj gk¡ tks vius gkFk ls ,d ¼vk/kk pqYyw Hkj ds ih½ ys rks dqN gtZ ugh il mu yksxksa usu ekuk vkSj pUn vknfe;ksa ds flok lc us ml dk ikuh fi;k [k+Sj tc rkywr vkSj tks eksfeuhumu ds lkFk Fks ugj ls ikl gks x, rks ¼[k+kl eksfeuksa ds flok½ lc ds lc dgus yxs fd geesa rks vkt Hkh tkywr vkSj mldh QkSt ls yM+us dh ldr ugha exj og yksx ftudks ;d+hu gSfd ,d fnu vYykg dks eq¡g fn[kkuk gS cs/kM+d cksy mBs fd ,slk cgqr gqvk fd vYykg dsgqDe ls NksVh tekvr cM+h tekvr ij x+kfyc vk x;h gS vkSj vYykg lcz djus okyksa dklkFkh gS ¼249½¼x+jt+½ tc ;s yksx tkywr vkSj mldh QkSt ds eqd+kcys dks fudys rks nqvk dh ,s esjsijojfnxkj gesa dkfey lcz vrk Qjek vkSj eSnkus tax esa gekjs d+ne tek, j[k vkSj gesa dkfQjksaij Qrsg buk;r dj ¼250½fQj rks mu yksxksa us [+k+qnk ds gqDe ls nq'keuksa dks f'kdLr nh vkSj nkÅn us tkywr dks d+Ryfd;k vkSj [+k+qnk us mudks lYrur o rnchj rEíqu vrk dh vkSj bYe o gquj tks pkgk mUgsa xks;k?kksy ds fiyk fn;k vkSj vxj vYykg ckt+ yksxksa ds t+fj, ls ckt+ dk nQk, ¼'kj½ u djrk rksreke #, t+ehu ij Q+lkn QSy tkrk exj [+k+qnk rks lkjs tgk¡u ds yksxksa ij Qt+y o jgedjrk gS ¼251½,s jlwy ;s vYykg dh lPph vk;rsa gSa tks ge rqe dks Bhd Bhd i

,s bZekunkjksa tks dqN geus rqedks fn;k gS ml fnu ds vkus ls igys ¼vYykg dh jkg esa½ [+kpZdjks ftleas u rks [k+jhnks Qjkss[+r gksxh vkSj u ;kjh ¼vkSj u vk'kukbZ½ vkSj u flQ+kfj'k ¼gh dkevk;sxh½ vkSj dqÝ+ djus okys gh rks tq++Ye iM+k fd tc bczkgheus ¼mlls½ dgk fd esjk ijojfnxkj rks og gS tks ¼yksxksa dks½ ftykrk vkSj ekjrk gS rks oks Hkh¼'ks[k+h esa½ vkdj dgus yxk eSa Hkh ftykrk vkSj ekjrk gWw ¼rqEgkjs vYykg gh eas dkSu lk dekygS½ bczkghe us dgk ¼vPNk½ vYykg rks vkQ+rkc dks iwjc ls fudkyrk gS Hkyk rqe mldksif'pe ls fudkyks bl ij og dkfQ+j gDdk cDdk gks dj jg x;k ¼exj bZeku u yk;k½ vkSjvYykg t+kfyeksa dks eaft+ys ed+lwn rd ugha igqWpk;k djrk ¼258½¼,s jlwy rqeus½ elyu ml ¼cUns ds gky ij Hkh ut+j dh tks ,d xkWo ij ls gksdj xqt+jk vkSsjoks ,slk mtM+k Fkk fd viuh Nrksa ij ls

vtZ+ dh ,d fnu iM+k jgk ,d fnu ls Hkh de Q+jek;k ugha rqe ¼blh gkyr esa½ lkS cjl iM+sjgs vc t+jk vius [kkus ihus ¼dh pht+ksa½ dks ns[kks fd cqlk rd ugha vkSj t+jk vius x/ks¼lokjh½ dks rks ns[kks fd mldh gfM~M;k¡

u vk[+ksjr esa½ vkSj vYykg dkfQ+jksa dks fgnk;r djds eaft+ys ed+lwn rd ugha igq¡pk;k djrk¼264½vkSj tks yksx vYykg dh [+kq'kuwnh ds fy, vkSj vius fnyh ,rd+kn ls vius eky [+kpZ djrs gSamudh felky ml ¼gjs Hkjs½ ckx+ dh lh gS tks fdlh Vhys ;k Vhdjs ij yxk gks vkSj ml ijt+ksj 'kksj ls ikuh cjlk rks vius nqxus Qy yk;k vkSj vxj ml ij cM+s /kM+Yys dk ikuh u Hkhcjls rks mlds fy;s gYdh Qqvkj ¼gh dkQ+h½ gS vkSj tks dqN rqe djrs gks vYykg mldhns[kHkky djrk jgrk gS ¼265½Hkyk rqe esa dksbZ Hkh bldks ilUn djsxk fd mlds fy, [ktwjksa vkSj vaxwjksa dk ,d ckx+ gksmlds uhps ugjsa tkjh gksa vkSj mlds fy, mlesa rjg rjg ds esos gksa vkSj ¼vc½ mldks cq

vYykg rqEgkjs xqukgksa dk d+Q+kjk dj nsxk vkSj tks dqN rqe djrs gks vYykg mlls [k+cjnkj gS¼271½,s jlwy mudk eaft+ys ed+lwn rd igqWpkuk rqEgkjk dke ugha ¼rqEgkjk dke flQZ+ jkLrk fn[kkuk gS½exj gkW vYykg ftldks pkgs eaft+ys ed+lwn rd igqWpk ns vkSj ¼yksxksa½ rqe tks dqN usd dke esa[k+pZ djksxs rks vius fy, vkSj rqe vYykg dh [+kq'kuwnh ds flok vkSj dke es a [k+pZ djrs gh ughagks ¼vkSj tks dqN rqe usd dke esa [+kpZ djksxs½ ¼d+;ker esa½ rqedks Hkjiwj okil feysxk vkSjrqEgkjk gd+ u ekjk tk,xk ¼272½¼;g [kS+jkr½ [k+kl mu gktreUnksa ds fy, gS tks vYykg dh jkg esa f?kj x;s gks ¼vkSj½ :,t+ehu ij ¼tkuk pkgsa rks½ py ugha ldrs ukokfd+Q+ mudks loky u djus dh otg ls vehjle>rs gSaa ¼ysfdu½ rw ¼,s eq[k+kfrc vxj mudks ns[ks½ rks mudh lwjr ls rkM+ tk;s ¼fd ;s eksgrktgSa vxjps½ yksxksa ls fpeV ds loky ugha djrs vkSj tks dqN Hkh rqe usd dke esa [k+pZ djrs gksvYykg mldks t+:j tkurk gS ¼273½tks yksx jkr dks ;k fnu dks fNik dj ;k fn[kk dj ¼vYykg dh jkg esa½ [k+pZ djrs gSa rksmuds fy, mudk vtz o lokc muds ijojfnxkj ds ikl gS vkSj ¼d+;ker esa½ u mu ij fdlhfd+Le dk [k+kSQ+ gksxk vkSj u og vkt+qnkZ [k+kfrj gksaxs ¼274½tks yksx lwn [kkrs gSa og ¼d+;ker esa½ [kM+s u gks ldsaxs exj ml 'k[+l dh rjg [kM+s gksaxs ftldks 'kSrku us fyiV dj e[k+cwrqy gokl ¿ikxyÀ cuk fn;k gS ;s bl otg ls fd og mldsd+k;y gks x, fd tSlk fcØh dk ekeyk oSlk gh lwn dk ekeyk gkykWfd fcØh dks rks vYykgus gyky vkSj lwn dks gjke dj fn;k cl ftl 'k[+l ds ikl mlds ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ lsulhgr ¼eqekfu;r½ vk;s vkSj og ckt+ vk x;k rks bl gqDe ds ukft+y gksus ls igys tks lwn yspqdk og rks ml dk gks pqdk vkSj mldk vez ¼ekeyk½ vYykg ds gokys gS vkSj tks eukgh dsckn fQj lwn ys ¼;k fcØh ds ekys dks ;dlk crk, tk,½ rks ,sls gh yksx tgUuqe esa jgsaxs¼275½vYykg lwn dks feVkrk gS vkSj [k+Sjkr dks c

,s bZekunkjksa vYykg ls Mjks vkSj tks lwn yksxksa ds ft+Ees ckd+h jg x;k gS vxj rqe lPps eksfeugks rks NksM+ nks ¼278½vkSj vxj rqeus ,slk u fd;k rks vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ls yM+us ds fy;s rS;kj jgks vkSj vxjrqeus rkSck dh gS rks rqEgkjs fy, rqEgkjk vly eky gS u rqe fdlh dk t+cjnLrh uqdlku djksu rqe ij t+cjnLrh dh tk,xh ¼279½vkSj vxj dksbZ raxnLr rqEgkjk ¼d+t+Znkj gks½ rks mls [+kq'kgkyh rd eksgYyr ¼nks½ vkSj lnd+k djksvkSj vxj rqe le>ks rks rqEgkjs gd+ esa T+;knk csgrj gS fd vly Hkh c[+'k nks ¼280½vkSj ml fnu ls Mjks ftl fnu rqe lc ds lc vYykg dh rjQ+ ykSVk;s tkvksxs fQj tks dqNftl 'k[+l us fd;k gS mldk iwjk iwjk cnyk fn;k tk,xk vkSj mudh t+jk Hkh gd+ ryQ+h ugksxh ¼281½,s bZekunkjksa tc ,d fe;kns eqd+jZjk rd ds fy, vkil esa d+tZ+ dk ysu nsu djks rks mls fy[kki

vkSj vxj rqe lQ+j esa gks vkSj dksbZ fy[kus okyk u feys ¼vkSj d+t+Z nsuk gks½ rks jgu ;k dCt+kj[k yks vkSj vxj rqeesa ,d dk ,d dks ,rckj gks rks ¼;Ww gh d+t+Z ns ldrk gS exj½ fQjftl 'k[+l ij ,rckj fd;k x;k gS ¼d+t+Z ysus okyk½ mldks pkfg;s d+t+Z nsus okys dh vekur¼d+t+Z½ iwjh iwjh vnk dj ns vkSj vius ikyus okys vYykg ls Mjs ¼eqlyekuks½ rqe xokgh dks ufNikvks vkSj tks fNik,xk rks cs'kd mldk fny xqukgxkj gS vkSj rqe yksx tks dqN djrs gksvYykg mldks [+kwc tkurk gS ¼283½tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS ¼x+jt+½ lc dqN vYykg gh dk gS vkSj tksdqN rqEgkjs fnyksa esa gs [+okg rqe mldks t+kfgj djks ;k mls fNikvks vYykg rqels mldk fglkcysxk] fQj ftl dks pkgs c[+'k ns vkSj ftl ij pkgs vt+kc djs] vkSj vYykg gj pht+ ijd+kfnj gS ¼284½gekjs iSx+Ecj ¼eksgEen½ tks dqN muij muds ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls ukft+y fd;k x;k gS ml ijbZeku yk, vkSj muds ¼lkFk½ eksfeuhu Hkh ¼lcds½ lc vYykg vkSj mlds Q+fj'rksa vkSj mldhfdrkcksa vkSj mlds jlwyksa ij bZeku yk, ¼vkSj dgrs gSa fd½ ge vYykg ds iSx+Ecjksa esa ls fdlhesa rQ+jd+k ugha djrs vkSj dgus yxs ,s gekjs ijojfnxkj geus ¼rsjk bj'kkn½ lquk ¼285½vkSj eku fy;k ijojfnxkj gesa rsjh gh ex+fQ+jr dh ¼[+okfg'k gS½ vkSj rsjh gh rjQ+ ykSV djtkuk gS vYykg fdlh dks mldh rkd+r ls T+;knk rdyhQ+ ugha nsrk mlus vPNk dke fd;k rksvius uQ+s ds fy, vkSj cqjk dke fd;k rks ¼mldk ocky½ mlh ij iMs+xk ,s gekjs ijojfnxkjvxj ge Hkwy tk,sa ;k x+yrh djsa rks gekjh fxj+r u dj ,s gekjs ijojfnxkj ge ij oSlk cks>u Mky tSlk gels vxys yksxksa ij cks>k Mkyk Fkk] vkSj ,s gekjs ijojfnxkj bruk cks> ftldsmBkus dh gesa rkd+r u gks gels u mBok vkSj gekjs dq+lwjksa ls njxqt+j dj vkSj gekjs xqukgksa dksc[+'k ns vkSj ge ij jge Q+jek rw gh gekjk ekfyd gS rw gh dkfQ+jksa ds eqd+kcys esa gekjhenn dj ¼286½

3 lwjg vkys bejkulwjg vkys bejku enhuk esa ukft+y gqvk vkSj bles nks lkS ¼200½ vk;rs vkSj chl :dqv gSvYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvfyQ+ yke ehe vYykg gh og ¼vYykg½ gS ftlds flok dksbZ d+kfcys ijfLr'k ugha gS ¼1½ogh ft+Unk ¼vkSj½ lkjs tgku dk lWHkkyus okyk gS ¼2½¼,s jlwy½ mlh us rqe ij cjgd+ fdrkc ukft+y dh tks ¼vklekuh fdrkcsa igys ls½ mlds lkeusekStwn gSa mudh rlnhd+ djrh gS vkSj mlh us mlls igys yksxksa dh fgnk;r ds okLrs rkSjsr obUthy ukft+y dh ¼3½vkSj gd+ o ckfry esa reht+ nsus okyh fdrkc ¼dq+jku½ ukft+y dh cs'kd ftu yksxksa us vYykgdh vk;rksa dks u ekuk muds fy, l[+r vt+kc gS vkSj vYykg gj pht+ ij x+kfyc cnyk ysusokyk gS ¼4½cs'kd vYykg ij dksbZ pht+ iks'khnk ugha gS ¼u½ t+ehu esa u vkleku esa ¼5½ogh rks og vYykg gS tks ek¡ ds isV esa rqEgkjh lwjr tSlh pkgrk gS cukrk gs mlds flok dksbZekcwn ugha ¼6½ogh ¼gj pht+ ij½ x+kfyc vkSj nkuk gS ¼, jlwy½ ogh ¼og vYykg½ gS ftlus rqeij fdrkcukft+y dh mlesa dh ckt+ vk;rsa rks eksgde ¼cgqr ljhg½ gSa ogh ¼vey djus ds fy,½ vly¼o cqfu;kn½ fdrkc gS vkSj dqN ¼vk;rsa½ eqr'kkcsg ¼feyrh tqyrh½ ¼xksy xksy ftlds ek;us esals igyw fudy ldrs gSa½ il ftu yksxksa ds fnyksa esa dt+h gS og mUgha vk;rksa ds ihNs iM+s jgrsgSa tks eqr'kkcsg gSa rkfd Q+lkn cjik djsa vkSj bl [+;ky ls fd mUgsa eryc ij

,s gekjs ijojfnxkj cs'kd rw ,d u ,d fnu ftlds vkus essa 'kqcg ugha yksxksa dks bDV~Bk djsxk¼rks ge ij ut+js buk;r jgs½ cs'kd vYykg vius ok;ns ds f[k+ykQ+ ugha djrk ¼9½cs'kd ftu yksxksa us dqÝ fd;k b[+rs;kj fd;k mudks vYykg ¼ds vt+kc½ ls u muds eky ghdqN cpk,axs] u mudh vkSykn ¼dqN dke vk,xh½ vkSj ;gh yksx tgUuqe ds bZ/ku gksaxs ¼10½¼mudh Hkh½ d+kSes fQ+jvkSu vkSj muls igys okyksa dh lh gkyr gS fd mu yksxksa us gekjh vk;rksadks >qByk;k rks vYykg us mUgsa muds xqukgksa dh iknk'k ¿lt+kÀ esa ys Mkyk vkSj vYykg l[+rlt+k nsus okyk gS ¼11½¼,s jlwy½ ftu yksxksa us dqÝ+ b[+rs;kj fd;k muls dg nks fd cgqr tYn rqe ¼eqlyekuks dseqd+kcys esa½ ex+ywc ¿gkjs gq,À gksaxs vkSj tgUuqe esa bdV~Bs fd;s tkvksxs vkSj og ¼D;k½ cqjkfBdkuk gS ¼12½cs'kd rqEgkjs ¼le>kus ds½ okLrs mu nks ¼eq[k+kfyQ+ fxjksgksa esa tks ¼cnz dh yM+kbZ esa½ ,d nwljs dslkFk xqFk x, ¼jlwy dh lPpkbZ dh½ cM+h Hkkjh fu'kkuh gS fd ,d fxjksg vYykg dh jkg esatsgkn djrk Fkk vkSj nwljk dkfQ+jksa dk ftudks eqlyeku viuh vkW[k ls nqxuk ns[k jgs Fks ¼exjvYykg us d+yhy gh dks Q+rg nh½ vkSj vYykg viuh enn ls ftl dh pkgrk gS rkbZn djrkgS cs'kd vkW[k okyksa ds okLrs bl okd+;s esa cM+h bcjr gS ¼13½nqfu;k esa yksxksa dks mudh ejx+wwc pht+s ¼elyu½ chfo;ksa vkSj csVksa vkSj lksus pkWnh ds cM+s cM+s yxsgq,

¼;gh yksx gSa½ lcz djus okys vkSj lp cksyus okys vkSj ¼vYykg ds½ Q+jekcjnkj vkSj ¼vYykgdh jkg esa½ [k+pZ djus okys vkSj fiNyh jkrksa esa ¼vYykg ls rkSck½ bLrx+Q+kj djus okys ¼17½t+:j vYykg vkSj Q+fj'rksa vkSj bYe okyksa us xokgh nh gS fd mlds flok dksbZ ekcwn d+kfcysijlfr'k ugha gS vkSj og vYykg vn~y o bUlkQ+ ds lkFk ¼dkj[k+kuk, vkye dk½ lWHkkyus okykgS mlds flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha ¼ogh gj pht+ ij½ x+kfyc vkSj nkuk gS ¼lPpk½ nhu rks vYykgds ut+nhd ;d+huu ¼cl ;gh½ bLyke gS ¼18½vkSj vgys fdrkc us tks ml nhus gd+ ls b[+rsykQ+ fd;k rks egt+ vkil dh 'kjkjr vkSj vlyh¼vez½ ekywe gks tkus ds ckn ¼gh D;k gS½ vkSj ftl 'k[+l us vYykg dh fu'kkfu;ksa ls bUdkjfd;k rks ¼og le> ys fd ;d+huu vYykg ¼mlls½ cgqr tYnh fglkc ysus okyk gS ¼19½¼,s jlwy½ il vxj ;s yksx rqels ¼[+okg ek [+okg½ gqTtr djs rks dg nks eSaus vYykg ds vkxsviuk ljs rLyhe [k+e dj fn;k gS vkSj tks esjs rkcs gS ¼mUgksaus½ Hkh½ vkSj ,s jlwy rqe ,gysfdrkc vkSj tkfgyksa ls iwWNks fd D;k rqe Hkh bLyke yk, gks ¼;k ugh½ il vxj bLyke yk,gSa rks cs[k+Vds jkgs jkLr ij vk x, vkSj vxj eqWg Qsjs rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ij flQ+Z iSx+ke¼bLyke½ igqWpk nsuk Q+t+Z gS ¼cl½ vkSj vYykg ¼vius cUnksa½ dks ns[k jgk gS ¼20½cs'kd tks yksx vYykg dh vk;rksa ls bUdkj djrs gSa vkSj ukgd+ iSx+Ecjksa dks d+Ry djrs gSa vkSjmu yksxksa dks ¼Hkh½ d+Ry djrs gSa tks ¼mUgsa½ bUlkQ+ djus dk gqD+e djrs gSa rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqemu yksxksa dks nnZukd vt+kc dh [+kq'k[k+cjh ns nks ¼21½;gh og ¼cnulhc½ yksx gSa ftudk lkjk fd;k djk;k nqfu;k vkSj vk[k+sjr ¼nksuksa½ esa vdkjr x;kvkSj dksbZ mudk ennxkj ugha ¼22½¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqeus ¼myek, ;gwn½ ds gky ij ut+j ugha dh ftudks fdrkc ¼rkSjsr½ dk ,dfgLlk fn;k x;k Fkk ¼vc½ mudks fdrkcs vYykg dh rjQ+ cqyk;k tkrk gS rkfd ogh ¼fdrkc½muds >xM+sa dk QSlyk dj ns bl ij Hkh mues a dk ,d fxjksg eqWg Qsj ysrk gS vkSj ;gh yksx:xjnkuh ¿eq¡g QsjusÀ djus okys gSa ¼23½;s bl otg ls gS fd og yksx dgrs gSa fd gesa fxurh ds pUn fnuksa ds flok tgUuqe dh vkxgjfxt+ Nq,xh Hkh rks ugha tks bQ+rsjk ijnkt+h ;s yksx cjkcj djrs vk, gSa mlh us mUgsa muds nhuesa Hkh /kks[kk fn;k gS ¼24½

fQ+j mudh D;k xr gksxh tc ge mudks ,d fnu ¼d+;ker½ ftlds vkus esa dksbZ 'kqcgk ughabDV~Bk djsaxs vkSj gj 'k[+l dks mlds fd, dk iwjk iwjk cnyk fn;k tk,xk vkSj mudh fdlhrjg gd+rYQ+h ugha dh tk,xh ¼25½¼,s jlwy½ rqe rks ;g nqvk ekWxksa fd ,s vYykg reke vkye ds ekfyd rw gh ftldks pkgslYrur ns vkSj ftlls pkgs lYrur Nhu ys vkSj rw gh ftldks pkgs bT+t+r ns vkSj ftls pkgsft+Yyr ns gj rjg dh HkykbZ rsjs gh gkFk esa gS cs'kd rw gh gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼26½rw gh jkr dks ¼c

cs'kd vYykg us vkne vkSj uwg vkSj [k+kunkus bcjkghe vkSj [kkunkus bejku dks lkjs tgku lscjxqt+hnk fd;k gS ¼33½ckt+ dh vkSykn dks ckt+ ls vkSj vYykg ¼lcdh½ lqurk ¼vkSj lc dqN½ tkurk gS ¼34½¼,s jlwy og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc bejku dh choh us ¼vYykg ls½ vt+Z dh fd ,s esjs ikyusokys esjs isV esa tks cPpk gS ¼mldks eSa nqfu;k ds dke ls½ vkt+kn djds rsjh ut+z djrh gWw rwesjh rjQ+ ls ¼;s ut+z dqcwy Q+jek rw cs'kd cM+k lquus okyk vkSj tkuus okyk gS ¼35½fQj tc og csVh tu pqdh rks ¼gSjr ls½ dgus yxh ,s esjs ijojfnxkj ¼eSa D;k d:W½ eSa rks ;syM+dh tuh gw¡ vkSj yM+dk yM+dh ds ,slk ¼x;k xqt+jk½ ugha gksrk gkykWfd mls dgus dh t+:jrD;k Fkh tks os tuh Fkh vYykg ml ¼dh 'kku o ejrck½ ls [kwc okfd+Q+ Fkk vkSj eSaus mldkuke efj;e j[kk gS vkSj eSa mldks vkSj mldh vkSykn dks 'kSrku ejnwn ¼ds Q+jsc½ ls rsjh iukgesa nsrh gWw ¼36½rks mlds ijojfnxkj us ¼mudh ut+z½ efj;e dks [+kq'kh ls dq+cwy Q+jek;k vkSj mldh u'kks o uqek¿ijofj'kÀ vPNh rjg dh vkSj t+dfj;k dks mudk dQ+hy cuk;k tc fdlh oD+r td+fj;k mudsikl ¼muds½ bcknr ds gqtjs esa tkrs rks efj;e ds ikl dqN u dqN [kkus dks ekStwn ikrs rksiwWNrs fd ,s efj;e ;s ¼[kkuk½ rqEgkjs ikl dgkW ls vk;k gS rks efj;e ;s dg nsrh Fkh fd ;gvYykg ds ;gkW ls ¼vk;k½ gS cs'kd vYykg ftldks pkgrk gS csfglkc jkst+h nsrk gS ¼37½¼;s ektjk ns[krs gh½ mlh oD+r t+dfj;k us vius ijojfnxkj ls nqvk fd vkSj vtZ+ dh ,s esjsikyus okys rw eq>dks ¼Hkh½ viuh ckjxkg ls ikdht+k vkSykn vrk Q+jek cs'kd rw gh nqvk dklquus okyk gS ¼38½vHkh t+dfj;k gqtjs esa [kM+s ¼;s½ nqvk dj gh jgs Fks fd Q+fj'rksa us mudks vkokt+ nh fdvYykg rqedks ;g;k ¼ds iSnk gksus½ dh [kq'k[k+cjh nsrk gS tks tks dyserqYykg ¼bZlk½ dh rLnhd+djsxk vkSj ¼yksxksa dk½ ljnkj gksxk vkSj vkSjrksa dh rjQ+ jx+cr u djsxk vkSj usdks dkj uchgksxk ¼39½t+dfj;k us vt+Z dh ijojfnxkj eq>s yM+dk D;ksadj gks ldrk gS gkykWfd esjk cq gS ¼vYykg us½ Q+jek;k blh rjg vYykg tks pkgrk gS djrk gS¼40½

t+dfj;k us vt+Z dh ijojfnxkj esjs bResuku ds fy, dksbZ fu'kkuh eqd+jZj Q+jek bj'kkn gqvk rqEgkjhfu'kkuh ;s gS rqe rhu fnu rd yksxksa ls ckr u dj ldksxs exj b'kkjs ls vkSj ¼mlds 'kqfØ;s esa½vius ijojfnxkj dh vDlj ;kn djks vkSj jkr dks vkSj lqcg rM+ds ¼gekjh½ rlchg fd;k djks¼41½vkSj og okfd+;k Hkh ;kn djks tc Q+fj'rksa us efj;e ls dgk] ,s efj;e rqedks vYykg uscjxqt+hnk fd;k vkSj ¼reke½ xqukgksa vkSj cqjkb;ksa ls ikd lkQ+ j[kk vkSj lkjs nqfu;k tgkWu dhvkSjrksa esa ls rqedks eqUrf[k+c fd;k gS ¼42½¼rks½ ,s efj;e blds 'kqØ ls eSa vius ijojfnxkj dh Q+jekcnkjh d:W ltnk vkSj :dwm djusokyksa ds lkFk :dwm djrh jgWw ¼43½¼,s jlwy½ ;s [k+cj xS+c dh [k+cjksa esa ls gS tks ge rqEgkjs ikl ^ogh* ds t+fj, ls Hkstrs gSa ¼,sjlwy½ rqe rks mu ljijLrkus efj;e ds ikl ekStwn u Fks tc og yksx viuk viuk d+ye nfj;kesa crkSj d+q+jvk ds Mky jgs Fks ¼ns[ksa½ dkSu efj;e dk dQ+hy curk gS vkSj u rqe ml oD+rmuds ikl ekStwn Fks tc og yksx vkil esa >xM+ jgs Fks ¼44½¼og okfd+;k Hkh ;kn djks½ tc Q+fj'rksa us ¼efj;e½ ls dgk ,s efj;e vYykg rqedks flQ+Z viusgqDe ls ,d yM+ds ds iSnk gksus dh [kq'k[k+cjh nsrk gS ftldk uke bZlk elhg bCus efj;e gksxk¼vkSj½ nqfu;k vkSj vk[ks+jr ¼nksuksa½ esa ckbT+t+r ¼vkc:½ vkSj vYykg ds eqd+jZc cUnksa esa gksxk ¼45½vkSj ¼cpiu esa½ tc >wys esa iM+k gksxk vkSj cM+h mez dk gksdj ¼nksuksa gkyrksa esa ;dlkW½ yksxksals ckrs djsxk vkSj usdks dkjksa esa ls gksxk ¼46½¼;s lqudj efj;e rkTtqc ls½ dgus yxh ijojfnxkj eq>s yM+dk D;ksadj gksxk gkykWfd eq>s fdlhenZ us Nqvk rd ugha bj'kkn gqvk blh rjg vYykg tks pkgrk gS djrk gS tc og fdlh dkedk djuk Bku ysrk gS rks cl dg nsrk gS ^gks tk* rks og gks tkrk gS ¼47½vkSj ¼,s ejf;e½ vYykg mldks ¼reke½ fdrkcs vklekuh vkSj vD+y dh ckrsa vkSj ¼[k+kldj½rkSjsr o bUthy fl[kk nsxk ¼48½vkSj cuh bljkby dk jlwy ¼d+jkj nsxk vkSj og muls ;wW dgsxk fd½ eS a rqEgkjs ikl rqEgkjsijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ls ¼viuh ucwor dh½ ;g fu'kkuh ysdj vk;k gWw fd eSa xqW/kha gqbZ feV~Vh ls,d ifjUns dh lwjr cukÅWxk fQ+j ml ij ¼dqN½ ne d:Wxk rks oks vYykg ds gqDe ls mM+us

yxsxk vkSj eSa vYykg gh ds gqDe ls eknjt+kn ¿iSnk;'khÀ vW/ks vkSj dksxM+s djrs Fks ¼mudk½ rqEgkjs njfe;ku Q+Slyk djnwWxk il ftu yksxksa us dqÝ+ b[+rs;kj fd;k muij nqfu;k vkSj vkf[k+jr ¼nksuksa esa½ l[+r vt+kcd:Wxk vkSj mudk dksbZ ennxkj u gksxk ¼56½vkSj ftu yksxksa us bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke fd, rks vYykg mudks mudk iwjkvtz o lokc nsxk vkSj vYykg t+kfyeksa dks nksLr ugha j[krk ¼57½

¼,s jlwy½ ;s tks ge rqEgkjs lkeus c;ku dj jgs gSa dq+njrs vYykg dh fu'kkfu;kW vkSj fgder lsHkjs gq;s rt+fdjs gSa ¼58½vYykg ds ut+nhd rks tSls bZlk dh gkyr oSlh gh vkne dh gkyr fd mudks dks feêh dkiqryk cukdj dgk fd ^gks tk* il ¼Q+kSju gh½ og ¼bUlku½ gks x;k ¼59½¼,s jlwy ;s gS½ gd+ ckr ¼tks½ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ls ¼crkbZ tkrh gS½ rks rqe 'kd djusokyksa esa ls u gks tkuk ¼60½fQj tc rqEgkjs ikl bYe ¼dqjku½ vk pqdk mlds ckn Hkh vxj rqe ls dksbZ ¼uljkuh½ bZlk dsckjs esa gqTtr djsa rks dgks fd ¼vPNk eSnku esa½ vkvks ge vius csVksa dks cqyk,W rqe vius csVksadks vkSj ge viuh vkSjrksa dks ¼cqyk,W½ vkSsj rqe viuh vkSsjrksa dks vkSj ge viuh tkuksa dks cqyk,Wvksj rqe viuh tkuksa dks ¼61½mlds ckn ge lc feydj ¼vYykg dh ckjxkg esa½s fxM+fxM+k,a vkSj >wBksa ij vYykg dh ykurdjsa ¼,s jlwy½ ;s lc ;d+huh lPps okd+;kr gSa vkSj vYykg ds flok dksbZ ekcwn ¼d+kfcysijlfr'k½ ugha gS ¼62½vkSj cs'kd vYykg gh lc ij x+kfyc vkSj fgder okyk gS ¼63½fQj vxj blls Hkh eqWg Qsjsa rks ¼dqN½ ijokg ¼ugha½ vYykg Q+lknh yksxksa dks [kwc tkurk gS ¼,sjlwy½ rqe ¼muls½ dgks fd ,s ,gys fdrkc rqe ,slh ¼fBdkus dh½ ckr ij rks vkvks tks gekjsvkSj rqEgkjs njfE;ku ;dlkW gS fd vYykg ds flok fdlh dh bcknr u djsa vkSj fdlh pht+ dksmldk 'kjhd u cuk,W vkSj vYykg ds flok geesa ls dksbZ fdlh dks viuk ijojfnxkj u cuk,vxj blls Hkh eqWg eksMs+a rks rqe xokg jguk ge ¼vYykg ds½ Q+jekcjnkj gSa ¼64½,s ,gys fdrkc rqe bcjkghe ds ckjs esa ¼[+okg ek [+okg½ D;ksa >xM+rs gks fd dksbZ mudks uljkuhdgrk gS dksbZ ;gwnh gkykWfd rkSjsr o bUthy ¼ftuls ;gwn o ulkjk dh bCrsnk gS og½ rks mudsckn gh ukft+y gqbZ ¼65½rks D;k rqe bruk Hkh ugha le>rs\ ¼,s yks vjs½ rqe ogh ,ged+ yksx gks fd ftl dk rqEgsadqN bYe Fkk mlesa rks >xM+k dj pqds ¼[kS+j½ fQj rc mlesa D;k ¼[o+kg ek [+okg½ >xM+us cSBsgks ftldh ¼fljs ls½ rqEgsa dqN [k+cj ugha vkSj ¼gdh+d+rs gky rks½ vYykg tkurk gS vkSj rqe ughatkurs ¼66½

cjkghe u rks ;gwnh Fks vkSj u uljkuh cfYd fujs [kjs gd+ ij Fks ¼vkSj½ Q+jekcjnkj ¼cUns½ FksvkSj eq'fjdksa ls Hkh u Fks ¼67½bcjkghe ls T+;knk [+kqlwfl;r rks mu yksxksa dks Fkh tks [k+kl mudh iSjoh djrs Fks vkSj ml iSx+EcjvkSj bZekunkjksa dks ¼Hkh½ gS vkSj eksfeuhu dk vYykg ekfyd gS ¼68½¼eqlyekuks½ ,gys fdrkc ls ,d fxjksg us cgqr pkgk fd fdlh rjg rqedks jkgsjkLr ls HkVdk nsgkykWfd og ¼viuh rnchjksa ls rqedks rks ugha exj½ vius gh dks HkVdkrs gSa ¼69½vkSj mldks le>rs ¼Hkh½ ugha ,s ,gys fdrkc rqe vYykg dh vk;rksa ls D;ksa bUdkj djrs gks]gkykWfd rqe [+kqn xokg cu ldrs gks ¼70½,s ,gys fdrkc rqe D;ks gd+ o ckfry dks xM+cM+ djrs vkSj gd+ dks Nqikrs gks gkykWfd rqetkurs gks ¼71½vkSj ,gys fdrkc ls ,d fxjksg us ¼vius yksxksa ls½ dgk fd eqlyekuksa ij tks fdrkc ukft+ygq;h gS mlij lqcg losjs bZeku ykvks vkSj vkf[k+j oD+r bUdkj dj fn;k djks 'kk;n eqlyeku¼blh rnchj ls vius nhu ls½ fQj tk, ¼72½vkSj rqEgkjs nhu dh iSjojh djs mlds flok fdlh nwljs dh ckr dk ,srckj u djks ¼,s jlwy½rqe dg nks fd cl vYykg gh dh fgnk;r rks fgnk;r gS ¼;gwnh ckge ;s Hkh dgrs gSa fd½mldks Hkh u ¼ekuuk½ fd tSlk ¼mEnk nhu½ rqedks fn;k x;k gS] oSlk fdlh vkSj dks fn;k tk;;k rqels dksbZ “'k[+l vYykg ds ;gkW >xM+k djs ¼,s jlwy rqe muls½ dg nks fd ¼;s D;k x+yr[+;ky gS½ Q+t+y ¼o dje½ vYykg ds gkFk esa gS og ftldks pkgs ns vkSj vYykg cM+h xqUtkbZ'kokyk gS ¼vkSj gj 'kS dks½s tkurk gS ¼73½ftldks pkgs viuh jger ds fy;s [k+kl dj ysrk gS vkSj vYykg cM+k Q+t+yksa dje okyk gs¼74½vkSj ,gys fdrkc dqN ,sls Hkh gSa fd vxj muds ikl :Ik, dh

gk¡ ¼vycRrk½ tks 'k[+l vius ,gn dks iwjk djs vkSj ijgst+xkjh b[+rs;kj djs rks cs'kd vYykgijgst+xkjksa dks nksLr j[krk gS ¼76½cs'kd tks yksx vius ,gn vkSj ¼d+les½ tks vYykg ¼ls fd;k Fkk mlds½ cnys FkksM+k ¼nqu;koh½eqvkost+k ys ysrs gSa mu gh yksxksa ds okLrs vkf[k+jr esa dqN fgLlk ugha vkSj d+;ker ds fnuvYykg muls ckr rd rks djsxk ugha vksj mudh rjQ+ ut+j ¼jger½ gh djsxk vkSj u mudks¼xqukgksa dh xUnxh ls½ ikd djsxk vkSj muds fy;s nnZuke vt+kc gS ¼77½vkSj ,gys fdrkc ls ckt+ ,sls t+:j gSa fd fdrkc ¼rkSjsr½ esa viuh t+ckus ejksM+ ejksM+ ds ¼dqNdk dqN½ Ikks fd ;s fdrkc dk tqt+ gS gkykWfd og fdrkc dk tqt+ugha vkSj dgrs gSa fd ;s ¼tks ge Ik dj vYykg ij >wB ¼rwQ+ku½ tksM+rs gSa ¼78½fdlh vkneh dks ;s t+sck u Fkk fd vYykg rks mls ¼viuh½ fdrkc vkSj fgder vkSj ucworvrk Q+jek, vkSj og yksxksa ls dgrk fQjs fd vYykg dks NksM+dj esjs cUns cu tkvks cfYd¼og rks ;gh dgsxk fd½ rqe vYykg okys cu tkvks D;ksafd rqe rks ¼ges'kk½ fdrkcs vYykg¼nwljks½ dks Ik

¼,s jlwy mu yksxksa ls½ dg nks fd ge rks vYykg ij bZeku yk, vkSj tks fdrkc ge ijukft+y gq;h vkSj tks ¼lghQ+s½ bcjkghe vkSj bLekbZy vkSj blgkd+ vkSj ;kdw+c vkSj vkSykns ;kdw+cij ukft+y gq;s vkSj ewlk vkSj bZlk vkSj nwljs iSx+Ecjksa dks tks ¼tks fdrkc½ muds ijojfnxkj dhrjQ+ ls buk;r gq;h ¼lc ij beku yk,½ ge rks muesa ls fdlh ,d es a Hkh Q+d+Z ugha djrs¼84½vkSj ge rks mlh ¼;drk vYykg½ ds Q+jekcjnkj gSa vkSj tks 'k[+l bLyke ds flok fdlh vkSjnhu dh [+okfg'k djs rks mldk og nhu gjfxt+ dqcwy gh u fd;k tk,xk vkSj og vkf[k+jr esal[+r ?kkVs esa jgsxk ¼85½Hkyk vYykg ,sls yksxksa dh D;ksadj fgnk;r djsxk tks bekus ykus ds ckn fQj dkfQ+j gks x,gkykWfd og bd+jkj dj pqds Fks fd iSx+Ecj ¼vkf[k+:t+t+ek½ cjgd+ gSa vkSj muds ikl okts+, ojkS'ku ekSftt+s Hkh vk pqds Fks vkSj vYykg ,slh gB/kehZ djus okys yksxksa dh fgnk;r ugha djrk¼86½,sls yksxksa dh lt+k ;g gS fd muij vYykg vkSj Q+fj'rksa vkSj ¼nqfu;k tgkWu ds½ lc yksxksa dhfQVdkj gSa ¼87½ vkSj og ges'kk mlh fQVdkj esa jgsaxs u rks muds vt+kc gh esa r[+Q+hQ+ dhtk,xh vkSj u mudks eksgyr nh tk,xh ¼88½exj ¼gkW½ ftu yksxksa us blds ckn rkSck dj yh vkSj viuh ¼[k+jkch dh½ bLykg dj yh rksvycRrk vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼89½tks vius bZeku ds ckn dkfQ+j gks cSBs fQ+j ¼jkst+ cjkst+ viuk½ dqÝ+ c

us tks tks pht+s vius Åij gjke dj yh Fkha muds flok cuh bljkby ds fy, lc [kkus gykyFks ¼,s jlwy mu ;gwn ls½ dg nks fd vxj rqe ¼vius nkos esa lPps gks rks rkSjsr ys vkvks ¼93½vkSj mldks ¼gekjs lkeus½ IkwB rwQ+ku tksM+s rks¼le> yks½ fd ;gh yksx t+kfye ¼gB/keZ½ gSa ¼94½¼,s jlwy½ dg nks fd vYykg us lp Q+jek;k rks vc rqe feYyrs bcjkghe ¼bLyke½ dh iSjohdjks tks ckfry ls drjk ds pyrs Fks vkSj eq'kjsdhu ls u Fks ¼95½yksxksa ¼dh bcknr½ ds okLrs tks ?kj lcls igys cuk;k x;k og rks ;d+huu ;gh ¼dkck½ gS tkseDds esa gS cM+h ¼[kS+j o cjdr½ okyk vkSj lkjs tgkWu ds yksxksa dk jguqek ¼96½blesa ¼gqjer dh½ cgqr lh okt+s vkSj jkS'ku fu'kkfu;kW gSa ¼muesa ls½ eqd+ke bcjkghe gS ¼tgkWvkids d+neksa dk iRFkj ij fu'kku gS½ vkSj tks bl ?kj esa nkf[k+y gqvk veu esa vk x;k vkSjyksxksa ij okftc gS fd egt+ vYykg ds fy, [k+kuk, dkck dk gt djsa ftUgs ogka rd igq¡pusdh bLrsrkvr gS vkSj ftlus ckotwn dq+njr gt ls bUdkj fd;k rks ¼;kn j[ks½ fd vYykg lkjstgkWu ls csijok gS ¼97½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ,s ,gys fdrkc vYykg dh vk;rks ls D;ks eqfUdj gq, tkrs gksgkykWfd tks dke dkt rqe djrs gks [kq+nk dks mldh ¼iwjh½ iwjh brfryk gS ¼98½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ,s ,gys fdrkc nhn, nkfuLrk vYykg dh ¼lh/kh½ jkg esa ¼ukgd+ dh½dt+h

esa ¼,d nwljs ds½ nq'eu Fks rks vYykg us rqEgkjs fnyksa esa ¼,d nwljs dh½ myQ+r iSnk dj nh rksrqe mlds Q+t+y ls vkil essa HkkbZ HkkbZ gks x, vkSj rqe xks;k lqyxrh gq;h vkx dh HkV~Vh¼nkst+[k½ ds yc ij ¼[kMs+½ Fks fxjuk gh pkgrs Fks fd vYykg us rqedks mlls cpk fy;k rksvYykg vius ,gdke ;wW okts+, djds c;ku djrk gS rkfd rqe jkgs jkLr ij vk tkvks ¼103½vkSj rqels ,d fxjksg ,sls ¼yksxksa dk Hkh½ rks gksuk pkfg;s tks ¼yksxksa dks½ usdh dh rjQ+ cqyk,vPNs dke dk gqDe ns vkSj cqjs dkeksa ls jksds vkSj ,sls gh yksx ¼vk[k+sjr esa½ viuh fnyh eqjknsaik;saxs ¼104½vkSsj rqe ¼dgha½ mu yksxksa ds ,sls u gks tkuk tks vkil esa QwV Mky dj cSB jgs vkSj jkS'ku¼nyhy½ vkus ds ckn Hkh ,d eqWg ,d t+cku u jgs vkSj ,sls gh yksxksa ds okLrs cM+k ¼Hkkjh½vt+kc gS ¼105½¼ml fnu ls Mjks½ ftl fnu dqN yksxksa ds psgjs rks lQS+n uwjkuh gksaxs vkSj dqN ¼yksxks½ dss psgjsfl;kg ftu yksxksa ds eqgW esa dkfyd gksxh ¼muls dgk tk;sxk½ gk, D;ksa rqe rks beku ykus dsckn dkfQ+j gks x, Fks vPNk rks ¼yks½ ¼vc½ vius dqÝ+ dh lt+k esa vt+kc ¼ds ets+½ p[kks¼106½vkSj ftuds psgjs ij uwj cjlrk gksxk og rks vYykg dh jger ¼cfg'r½ esa gksaxs ¼vkSj½ mlh esalnk jgsaxs ¼107½¼,s jlwy½ ;s vYykg dh vk;rsa gSa tks ge rqedks Bhd ¼Bhd½ Ik

vkSj tgkW dgha gRrs p

¼,s bZekunkjksa½ vxj rqedks HkykbZ Nw Hkh x;h rks mudks cqjk ekywe gksrk gS vkSj tc rqeij dksbZHkh eqlhcr iM+rh gS rks og [+kq'k gks tkrs gSa vkSj vxj rqe lcz djks vkSj ijgst+xkjh b[+rs;kjdjks rks mudk Q+jsc rqEgsa dqN Hkh t+jj ugha igqWpk,xk ¼D;ksafd½ vYykg rks mudh dkjLrkfu;ksa ijgkoh gS ¼120½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ ,d oD+r oks Hkh Fkk tc rqe vius cky cPpksa ls rM+ds gh fudy [kM+s gq,vkSj eksfeuhu dks yM+kbZ ds ekspksaZ ij fcBk jgs Fks vkSj vYykg lc dqN tkurk vkSsj lqurk gS¼121½;s ml oD+r dk okd+;k gS tc rqeesa ls nks fxjksgksa us Bku fy;k Fkk fd ilikbZ djsa vkSj fQj¼lWHky x,½ D;ksafd vYykg rks mudk ljijLr Fkk vkSj eksfeuhu dks vYykg gh ij Hkjkslk j[kukpkfg;s ¼122½;d+huu vYykg us taxs cnj esa rqEgkjh enn dh ¼ckotwn ds½ rqe ¼nq'eu ds eqd+kcys esa½ fcYdqycs gd+hd+r Fks ¼fQj Hkh½ vYykg us Qrsg nh ¼123½il rqe vYykg ls Mjrs jgks rkfd ¼muds½ 'kqØxqt+kj cuks ¼,s jlwy½ ml oD+r rqe eksfeuhu lsdg jgs Fks fd D;k rqEgkjs fy, dkQ+h ugha gS fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj rhu gt+kj Q+fj'rs vklekuls Hkstdj rqEgkjh enn djs gkW ¼t+:j dkQ+h gS½ ¼124½cfYd vxj rqe lkfcr d+ne jgks vkSj ¼jlwy dh eq[k+kysQ+r ls½ cpks vkSj dq+Q+kj vius ¼tks'kesa½ rqeij p

vkSj tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS lc vYykg gh dk gS ftldks pkgs c[+'ksvkSj ftldks pkgs lt+k djs vkSj vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjckj gS ¼129½,s bZekunkjksa lwn nwuknwu [kkrs u pys tkvks vkSj vYykg ls Mjks fd rqe NqVdkjk ikvks ¼130½vkSj tgUuqe dh ml vkx ls Mjks tks dkfQ+jksa ds fy, rS;kj dh x;h gS ¼131½vkSj vYykg vkSj jlwy dh Q+jekcjnkjh djks rkfd rqe ij jge fd;k tk, ¼132½vkSj vius ijojfnxkj ds ¼lcc½ cf[+'k'k vkSj tUur dh rjQ+ nkSM+ iM+ks ftldh ¼oqlvr lkjs½vkleku vkSj t+ehu ds cjkcj gS vkSj tks ijgst+xkjksa ds fy;s eqg¸;k dh x;h gS ¼133½tks [+kq'kgkyh vkSj dfBu oD+r esa Hkh ¼vYykg dh jkg ij½ [k+pZ djrs gSa vkSj xqLls dks jksdrsgSa vkSj yksxksa ¼dh [k+rk½ ls njxqt+j djrs gSa vkSj usdh djus okyksa ls vYykg myQ+r j[krk gS¼134½vkSj yksx bfRrQ+kd+ ls dksbZ cndkjh dj cSBrs gSa ;k vki vius Åij tq+Ye djrs gSa rks vYykgdks ;kn djrs gSa vkSj vius xqukgksa dh ekQ+h ekWxrs gSa vkSj vYykg ds flok xqukgksa dk c[+'kusokyk vkSj dkSu gS vkSj tks ¼d+wlwj½ og ¼ukxgkuh½ dj cSBs rks tkucw> dj mlij gV ugha djrs¼135½,sls gh yksxksa dh tt+k muds ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ls cf[+'k'k gS vkSj og ckx+kr gSa ftuds uhpsugjsa tkjh gSa fd og muessa ges'kk jgsaxs vkSj ¼vPNs½ pyu okyksa dh ¼Hkh½ [+kwc [kjh et+nwjh gS¼136½rqels igys cgqr ls okd+;kr xqt+j pqds gSa il t+jk :, t+ehu ij py fQj dj ns[kks rks fd¼vius vius oD+r ds iSx+Ecjksa dks½ >qBykus okyksa dk vUtke D;k gqvk ¼137½;s ¼tks geus dgk½ vke yksxksa ds fy, rks flQ+Z c;ku ¼okd+;k½ gS exj vkSj ijgst+xkjksa ds fy,fgnk;r o ulhgr gS ¼138½vkSj eqlyekuksa dkfgyh u djks vkSj ¼bl½ bRrQ+kd+h f'kdLr ¼vksgn ls½ dq

vxj ¼taxs vksgn esa½ rqedks t+[+e yxk gS rks mlh rjg ¼cnj esa½ rqEgkjs Q+jhd+ ¼dq+Q+kj dks½ Hkht+[+e yx pqdk gS ¼ml ij mudh fgEer rks u VwVh½ ;s bRrQ+kd+krs t+ekuk gSa tks ge yksxksa dsnjfe;ku ckjh ckjh myV Qsj fd;k djrs gSa vkSj ;s ¼bRrQ+kd+h f'kdLr blfy, Fkh½ rkfd vYykglPps bZekunkjksa dks ¼t+kfgjh½ eqlyekuksa ls vyx ns[k ysa vkSj rqeesa ls ckt+ dks njtk, 'kgknr ijQ+k;t+ djas vkSj vYykg ¼gqDes jlwy ls½ ljrkch djus okyksa dks nksLr ugha j[krk ¼140½vkSj ;s ¼Hkh eatw+j Fkk½ fd lPps bZekunkjksa dks ¼lkfcr d+neh dh otg ls½ fujk [kjk vyx djys vkSj ukQ+jekuksa ¼Hkkxus okyksa½ dk efV;kesV dj ns ¼141½¼eqlyekuksa½ D;k rqe ;s le>rs gks fd lc ds lc cfg'r esa pys gh tkvksxs vkSj D;k vYykgus vHkh rd rqeesa ls mu yksxksa dks Hkh ugha igpkuk ftUgksaus tsgkn fd;k vkSj u lkfcr d+nejgus okyksa dks gh igpkuk ¼142½rqe rks ekSr ds vkus ls igys ¼yM+kbZ esa½ ejus dh reUuk djrs Fks cl vc rqeus mldks viuhvkW[k ls ns[k fy;k vkSj rqe vc Hkh ns[k jgs gks ¼143½¼fQj yM+kbZ ls th D;ksa pqjkrs gks½ vkSj eksgEen rks flQZ jlwy gSa ¼vYykg ugha½ buls igyscgqrsjs iSx+Ecj xqt+j pqds gSa fQj D;k vxj eksgEen viuh ekSr ls ej tkW, ;k ekj Mkys tk,Wrks rqe myVs ikWo ¼vius dqÝ+ dh rjQ+½ iyV tkvksxs vkSj tks myVs ikWo fQjsxk ¼Hkh½ rks ¼le>yks½ gjfxt+ vYykg dk dqN Hkh ugha fcxM+sxk vkSj vud+jhc vYykg dk 'kqØ djus okyksa dksvPNk cnyk nsxk ¼144½vkSj cxS+j gqDes vYykg ds rks dksbZ “'k[+l ej gh ugha ldrk oD+rs eqv¸;u rd gj ,d dhekSr fy[kh gq;h gS vkSj tks 'k[+l ¼vius fd, dk½ cnyk nqfu;k esa pkgs rks ge mldks blesa lsns nsrs gSa vkSj tks 'k[+l vk[k+sjr dk cnyk pkgs mls mlh esa ls nsaxs vkSj ¼usver bZeku ds½ 'kqØdjus okyksa dks cgqr tYn ge tt+k, [kS+j nsaxs ¼145½vkSj ¼eqlyekuksa rqe gh ugha½ ,sls iSx+Ecj cgqr ls xqt+j pqds gSa ftuds lkFk cgqrsjs vYykg okyksaus ¼jkgs vYykg esa½ tsgkn fd;k vkSj fQj mudks vYykg dh jkg esa tks eqlhcr iM+h gS u rksmUgksaus fgEer gkjh u cksnkiu fd;k ¼vkSj u nq'keu ds lkeus½ fxM+fxM+kus yxs vkSj lkfcr d+nejgus okyksa ls vYykg myQ+r j[krk gS ¼146½vkSj yqRQ+ ;s gS fd mudk d+kSy blds flok dqN u Fkk fd nqvk,W ekWxus yxsa fd ,s gekjs ikyus

okys gekjs xqukg vkSj vius dkeksa esa gekjh T+;knfr;kW ekQ+ dj vkSj nq'euksa ds eqd+kcys esa gedkslkfcr d+ne j[k vkSj dkfQ+jksa ds fxjksg ij gedks Q+rsg ns ¼147½rks vYykg us mudks nqfu;k essa cnyk ¼fn;k½ vkSj vkf[k+jr esa vPNk cnyk bZuk;r Q+jek;k vkSjvYykg usdh djus okyksa dks nksLr j[krk ¼gh½ gS ¼148½,s bZekunkjksa vxj rqe yksxksa us dkfQ+jksa dh iSjoh dj yh rks ¼;kn j[kks½ og rqedks myVs ikWo¼dqÝ+ dh rjQ+½ Qsj dj ys tk,saxs fQj myVs rqe gh ?kkVs essa vk tkvksxs ¼149½¼rqe fdlh dh enn ds eksgrkt ugha½ cfYd vYykg rqEgkjk ljijLr gS vkSj og lc ennxkjksa lscsgrj gS ¼150½¼rqe ?kcjkvks ugha½ ge vud+jhc rqEgkjk jksc dkfQ+jksa ds fnyksa esa tek nsaxs blfy, fd mu yksxksaus vYykg dk 'kjhd cuk;k ¼Hkh rks½ bl pht+ cqr dks ftls vYykg us fdlh fd+Le dh gqdwerugha nh vkSj ¼vkf[k+jdkj½ mudk fBdkuk nkSt+[k+ gS vkSj t+kfyeksa dk ¼Hkh D;k½ cqjk fBdkuk gS¼151½cs'kd vYykg us ¼taxs vkSgn esa Hkh½ viuk ¼Qrsg dk½ ok;nk lPpk dj fn[kk;k Fkk tc rqemlds gqDe ls ¼igys gh geys esa½ mu ¼dq+Q+kj½ dks [kw+c d+Ry dj jgs Fks ;gkW rd dh rqEgkjsilUn dh pht+ ¼Q+rsg½ rqEgsa fn[kk nh mlds ckn Hkh rqeus ¼ekys x+uher ns[kdj½ cqt+fnykiu fd;kvkSj gqDesa jlwy ¼ekspsZ ij tes jgus½ >xM+k fd;k vkSj jlwy dh ukQ+jekuh dh rqeesa ls dqN rksrkfycs nqfu;k gSa ¼fd ekys x+uher dh rjQ+½ ls >qd iM+s vkSj dqN rkfycs vkf[k+jr ¼fd jlwyij viuh tku fQ+nk dj nh½ fQj ¼cqt+fnysiu us½ rqEgsa mu ¼dq+Q+kj½ dh dh rjQ ls Qsj fn;k¼vkSj rqe Hkkx [kM+s gq,½ mlls vYykg dks rqEgkjk ¼beku v[k+yklh½ vkt+ekuk eat+wj Fkk vkSj¼mlij Hkh½ vYykg us rqels njxqt+j dh vkSj vYykg eksfeuhu ij cM+k Q+t+y djus okyk gS¼152½¼eqlyekuksa rqe½ ml oD+r dks ;kn djds 'kekZvks tc rqe ¼cngokl½ Hkkxs igkM+ ij pys tkrsFks il ¼pwWfd½ jlwy dks rqeus ¼vkt+kjnk½ fd;k vYykg us Hkh rqedks ¼bl½ jat dh lt+k esa¼f'kdLr dk½ jat fn;k rkfd tc dHkh rqEgkjh dksbZ pht+ gkFk ls tkrh jgs ;k dksbZ eqlhcr iM+srks rqe jat u djks vkSj lcz djuk lh[kks vkSj tks dqN rqe djrs gks vYykg mlls [k+cjnkj gS¼153½fQj vYykg us bl jat ds ckn rqeij bfReuku dh gkyr rkjh dh fd rqeesa ls ,d fxjksg dk¼tks lPps bekunkj Fks½ [+kwc xgjh uhan vk x;h vkSj ,d fxjksg ftudks ml oDr Hkh ¼Hkkxus dh

'keZ ls½ tku ds ykys iM+s Fks vYykg ds lkFk ¼[+okg e[+okg½ t+ekuk, ftgkyr dh ,slhcnxqekfu;kW djus yxs vkSj dgus yxs Hkyk D;k ;s vez ¼Q+rsg½ dqN Hkh gekjs bf[+r;kj esa gS ¼,sjlwy½ dg nks fd gj vez dk bf[+r;kj vYykg gh dks gS ¼t+cku ls rks dgrs gh gS ugha½ ;svius fnyksa esa ,slh ckrsa fNik, gq, gSa tks rqels t+kfgj ugha djrs ¼vc lquks½ dgrs gSa fd blvez ¼Q+rsg½ esaa gekjk dqN bf[+rk;kj gksrk rks ge ;gkW ekjs u tkrs ¼,s jlwy muls½ dg nks fdrqe vius ?kjksa esa jgrs rks ftu ftu dh rdnhj esa yM+ds ej tkuk fy[kk Fkk og vius ¼?kjksls½ fudy fudy ds vius ejus dh txg t+:j vk tkrs vkSj ¼;s bl okLrs fd;k x;k½ rkfdtks dqN rqEgkjs fny esa gS mldk bfErgku dj ns vkSj vYykg rks fnyksa ds jkt+ [kw+c tkurk gS¼154½cs'kd ftl fnu ¼taxs vkSgn esa½ nks tekvrsa vkil esa xqFk x;ha ml fnu tks yksx rqe¼eqlyekuksa½ esa ls Hkkx [kM+s gq, ¼mldh otg ;s Fkh fd½ muds ckt+ xqukgksa ¼eq[k+kyQ+rs jlwy½dh otg ls 'kSrku us cgdk ds muds ikWo m[kkM+ fn, vkSj ¼mlh oD+r rks½ vYykg us t+:jmuls njxqt+j dh cs'kd vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk cqnZokj gS ¼155½,s bZekunkjksa mu yksxksa ds ,sls u cuks tks dkfQ+j gks x, HkkbZ cUn muds ijnsl esa fudys gSa ;ktsgkn djus x, gSa ¼vkSj ogkW½ ej ¼x,½ rks muds ckjs esa dgus yxs fd og gekjs ikl jgrs rksu ejrs vksj u ekjs tkrs ¼vkSj ;s bl otg ls dgrs gSa½ rkfd vYykg ¼bl [+;ky dks½ mudsfnyksa esa ¼ckbls½ gljr cuk ns vkSj ¼;Ww rks½ vYykg gh ftykrk vkSj ekjrk gS vkSj tks dqN rqedjrs gks vYykg mls ns[k jgk gS ¼156½vkSj vxj rqe vYykg dh jkg es a ekjs tkvks ;k ¼viuh ekSr ls½ ej tkvks rks cs”kd vYykgdh cf[+'k'k vkSj jger bl ¼eky o nkSyr½ ls ftldks rqe tek djrs gks t+:j csgrj gS ¼157½vkSj vxj rqe ¼viuh ekSr ls½ ejks ;k ekjs tkvks ¼vkf[k+jdkj½ vYykg gh dh rjQ+ ¼d+czksa ls½mBk, tkvksxs ¼158½¼rks ,s jlwy ;s Hkh½ vYykg dh ,d esgjckuh gS fd rqe ¼lk½ ujefny ¼ljnkj½ mudks feykvkSj rqe vxj cnfet+kt vkSj l[+r fny gksrs rc rks ;s yksx ¼vYykg tkus dc ds½ rqEgkjs fxnZls frrj fcrj gks x, gksrs il ¼vc Hkh½ rqe muls njxqt+j djks vkSj muds fy, ex+Qs+jr dhnqvk ekWxks vkSj ¼lkfcd+ nLrwjs t+kfgjk½ muls dke dkt esa e'kojk dj fy;k djks ¼exj½ bl ijHkh tc fdlh dke dks Bku yks rks vYykg gh ij Hkjkslk j[kks ¼D;ksafd tks yksx vYykg ijHkjkslk j[krs gSa vYykg mudks t+:j nksLr j[krk gS ¼159½¼eqlyekuksa ;kn j[kks½ vxj vYykg us rqEgkjh enn dh rks fQj dksbZ rqeij x+kfyc ugha vk

ldrk vkSj vxj vYykg rqedks NksM+ ns rks fQj dkSu ,slk gS tks mlds ckn rqEgkjh enn dks[kM+k gks vkSj eksfeuhu dks pkfg;s fd vYykg gh ij Hkjkslk j[ksa ¼160½vkSj ¼rqEgkjk xqeku fcYdqy x+yr gS½ fdlh uch dh ¼gjfxt+½ ;s 'kku ugha fd [+;kur djss vkSj[+;kur djsxk rks tks pht+ [+;kur dh gS d+;ker ds fnu ogh pht+ ¼fcydqy oSlk gh½ vYykgds lkeus ykuk gksxk fQj gj 'k[+l vius fd, dk iwjk iwjk cnyk ik,xk vkSj mudh fdlh rjggd+rYQ+h ugha dh tk,xh ¼161½Hkyk tks 'k[+l vYykg dh [+kq'kuwnh dk ikcUn gks D;k og ml 'k[+l ds cjkcj gks ldrk gStks vYykg ds xt+c esa fxj+rkj gks vkSj ftldk fBdkuk tgUuqe gS vkSj og D;k cqjk fBdkuk gS¼162½og yksx vYykg ds ;gkW eq[+rfyQ+ njtksa ds gSa vkSj tks dqN og djrs gSa vYykg ns[k jgk gS¼163½vYykg us rks bZekunkjksa ij cM+k ,glku fd;k fd muds okLrs mUgha dh d+kSe dk ,d jlwy Hkstktks mUgsa vYykg dh vk;rsa Ik

¼;s ogh yksx gSa½ tks ¼vki pSu ls ?kjksa esa cSBs jgrs gS vkSj vius 'kghn½ HkkbZ;ksa ds ckjs esadgus yxs dk'k gekjh iSjoh djrs rks u ekjs tkrs ¼,s jlwy½ muls dgks ¼vPNk½ vxj rqe lPpsgks rks t+jk viuh tku ls ekSr dks Vky nks ¼168½vkSj tks yksx vYykg dh jkg esa 'kghn fd, x, mUgsa gjfxt+ eqnkZ u le>uk cfYd og yksxthrs tkxrs ekStwn gSa vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ls og ¼rjg rjg dh½ jkst+h ikrs gSa ¼169½vkSj vYykg us tks Q+t+y o dje mu ij fd;k gS mldh ¼[+kq'kh½ ls Qwys ugha lekrs vkSj tksyksx muls ihNs jg x, vkSj muesa vkdj 'kkfey ugha gq, mudh fuLcr ;s ¼[+;ky djds½ [+kqf'k;kWeukrs gSa fd ¼;s Hkh 'kghn gksa rks½ muij u fdlh fd+Le dk [k+kSQ+ gksxk vkSj u vkt+qnkZ [k+kfrjgksaxs ¼170½vYykg usver vkSj mlds Q+t+y ¼o dje½ vkSj bl ckr dh [+kq'k[k+cjh ikdj fd vYykgeksfeuhu ds lokc dks cjckn ugha djrk ¼171½fugky gks jgs gSa ¼taxs vksgn esa½ ftu yksxksa us t[+e [kkus ds ckn Hkh vYykg vkSj jlwy dkdguk ekuk muesa ls ftu yksxksa us usdh vkSj ijgst+xkjh dh ¼lc ds fy;s ugha flQZ½ muds fy;scM+k lokc gS ¼172½;g og gSa fd tc muls yksxksa us vkdj dguk 'kq: fd;k fd ¼nq'keu½ yksxksa us rqEgkjs ¼eqd+kcysds½ okLrs ¼cM+k y'dj½ tek fd;k gS il muls Mjrs ¼rks ctk, [k+kSQ+ ds½ mudk bZeku vkSjT+;knk gks x;k vkSj dgus yxs ¼gksxk Hkh½ vYykg gekjs okLrs dkQ+h gS ¼173½vkSj og D;k vPNk dkjlkt+ gS fQj ¼;k rks fgEer djds x, exj tc yM+kbZ u gq;h rks½ ;syksx vYykg dh usver vkSj Q+t+y ds lkFk ¼vius ?kj½ okil vk, vkSj mUgsa dksbZ cqjkbZ Nw Hkhugha x;h vkSj vYykg dh [+kq'kuwnh ds ikcUn jgs vkSj vYykg cM+k Q+t+y djus okyk gS ¼174½;g ¼eqf[+cj½ cl 'kSrku Fkk tks flQ+Z vius nksLrksa dks ¼jlwy dk lkFk nsus ls½ Mjkrk gS il rqemuls rks Mjks ugha vxj lPps eksfeu gks rks eq> gh ls Mjrs jgks ¼175½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ tks yksx dqÝ+ dh ¼enn½ esa is'k d+neh dj tkrs gSa mudh otg ls rqe jUt udjks D;ksafd ;s yksx vYykg dks dqN t+jj ugha igq¡pk ldrs ¼cfYd½ vYykg rks ;s pkgrk gS fdvk[+ksjr esa mudk fgLlk u d+jkj ns vkSj muds fy, cM+k ¼l[+r½ vt+kc gS ¼176½

cs'kd ftu yksxksa us beku ds ,ot+ dqÝ+ [k+jhn fd;k og gjfxt+ vYykg dk dqN Hkh ughafcxkM+asxs ¼cfYd vki viuk½ vkSj muds fy, nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼177½vkSj ftu yksxksa us dqÝ+ bf[+r;kj fd;k og gjfxt+ ;s u [+;ky djsa fd geus tks mudks eksgyro csfQØh ns j[kh gS og muds gd+ esa csgrj gS ¼gkykWfd½ geus eksgYyr o csfQØh flQZ blotg ls nh gS rkfd og vkSj [+kwc xqukg dj ysa vkSj ¼vkf[k+j rks½ muds fy, :lok djus okykvt+kc gS ¼178½¼equkfQ+d+ks½ vYykg ,slk ugha fd cqjs Hkys dh reht+ fd, cxSj ftl gkyr ij rqe gks mlhgkyr ij eksfeuksa dks Hkh NksM+ ns vkSj vYykg ,slk Hkh ugha gS fd rqEgsa xS+c dh ckrsa crk nsexj ¼gkW½ vYykg vius jlwyksa esa ftls pkgrk gS ¼xS+c crkus ds okLrs½ pqu ysrk gS il vYykgvkSj mlds jlwyksa ij bZeku ykvks vkSj vxj rqe bZeku ykvksxs vkSj ijgst+xkjh djksxs rks rqEgkjsokLrs cM+h tt+k, [k+Sj gS ¼179½vkSj ftu yksxksa dks vYykg us vius Q+t+y ¼o dje½ ls dqN fn;k gS ¼vkSj fQj½ cq[+y djrs gSaog gjfxt+ bl [+;ky esa u jgsa fd ;s muds fy, ¼dqN½ csgrj gksxk cfYd ;s muds gd+ esacnrj gS D;ksafd ftl ¼eky½ dk cq[+y djrs gSa vud+jhc gh d+;ker ds fnu mldk rkSd+ cukdjmuds xys esa iguk;k tk,xk vkSj lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dh ehjkl vYykg gh dh gS vkSj tksdqN rqe djrs gks vYykg mlls [+kcjnkj gS ¼180½tks yksx ¼;gwn½ ;s dgrs gSa fd vYykg rks daxky gS vkSj ge cM+s ekynkj gSa vYykg us mudh;s cdokl lquh mu yksxksa us tks dqN fd;k mldks vkSj mudk iSx+Ecjksa dks ukgd+ d+Ry djuk gevHkh ls fy[k ysrs gSa vkSj ¼vkt rks tks th esa dgas exj d+;ker ds fnu½ ge dgsaxs fd vPNkrks yks ¼viuh 'kjkjr ds ,ot+ esa½ tykus okys vt+kc dk et+k p[kks ¼¼181½;s mUgha dkeksa dk cnyk gS ftudks rqEgkjs gkFkksa us ¼t+kns vk[+skjr cuk dj½ igys ls Hkstk gSojuk vYykg rks dHkh vius cUnksa ij t+qYe djus okyk ugha ¼182½¼;g ogh yksx gSa½ tks dgrs gSa fd vYykg us rks gels ok;nk fd;k gS fd tc rd dksbZ jlwygesa ;s ¼ekSftt+k½ u fn[kk ns fd og dqjckuh djs vkSj mldks ¼vklekuh½ vkx vkdj pV djtk, ml oD+r rd ge bZeku u yk,axsa ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ¼Hkyk½ ;s rks crkvks cgqrsjsiSx+Ecj eq>ls d+Cy rqEgkjs ikl okts+ o jkS'ku ekSftt+kr vkSj ftl pht+ dh rqeus ¼ml oD+r½Q+jekb'k dh gS ¼og Hkh½ ysdj vk, fQj rqe vxj ¼vius nkos es a½ lPps rks rqeus D;ksa d+Ryfd;k ¼183½

¼,s jlwy½ vxj og bl ij Hkh rqEgsa >qByk,a rks ¼rqe vkt+qnkZ u gks D;ksafd½ rqels igys Hkhcgqr ls iSx+Ecj jkS'ku ekSftt+s vkSj lghQs+ vkSj uwjkuh fdrkc ysdj vk pqds gSa ¼exj½ fQj Hkhyksxksa us vkf[k+j >qByk gh NksM+k ¼184½gj tku ,d u ,d ¼fnu½ ekSr dk et+k p[ksxh vkSj rqe yksx d+;ker ds fnu ¼vius fd, dk½iwjk iwjk cnyk Hkj ikvksxs il tks 'k[+l tgUuqe ls gVk fn;k x;k vkSj cfg'r esa igqWpk fn;kx;k il ogh dke;kc gqvk vkSj nqfu;k dh ¼pUn jkst+k½ ft+Unxh /kks[ks dh Vêh ds flok dqN ugha¼185½¼eqlyekuksa½ rqEgkjs ekyksa vkSj tkuksa dk rqels t+:j bErsgku fy;k tk,xk vkSj ftu yksxks dks rqels igys fdrkcs vYykg nh tk pqdh gS ¼;gwn o ulkjk½ muls vkSj eq'kjsdhu ls cgqr gh nq[knnZ dh ckrsa rqEgsa t+:j lquuh iM+saxh vkSj vxj rqe ¼mu eqlhcrksa dks½ >sy tkvksxs vkSj ijgst+xkjhdjrs jgksxs rks cs'kd ;s cM+h fgEer dk dke gS ¼186½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ budks og oD+r rks ;kn fnykvks tc vYykg us ,gys fdrkc ls ,gn o iSekufy;k Fkk fd rqe fdrkcs vYykg dks lkQ+ lkQ+ c;ku dj nsuk vkSj ¼[k+cjnkj½ mldh dksbZ ckrNqikuk ugha exj bu yksxksa us ¼t+jk Hkh [+;ky u fd;k½ vkSj mudks ils iq'r Qsad fn;k vkSjmlds cnys esa ¼cl½ FkksM+h lh d+her gkfly dj yh il ;s D;k gh cqjk ¼lkSnk½ gS tks ;s yksx[k+jhn jgs gSa ¼187½¼,s jlwy½ rqe mUgsa [+;ky esa Hkh u ykuk tks viuh dkjLrkuh ij brjk, tkrs gSa vkSj fd;kdjk;k [k+kd ugha ¼exj½ rkjhQ+ ds [+kkLrxkj ¿pkgrsÀ gSa il rqe gjfxt+ ;s [+;ky u djuk fdbudks vt+kc ls NqVdkjk gS cfYd muds fy, nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼188½vkSj vkleku o t+ehu lc vYykg gh dk eqYd gS vkSj vYykg gh gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS¼189½blesa rks 'kd gh ugha fd vklekuksa vkSj t+ehu dh iSnkb'k vkSj jkr fnu ds Qsj cny esavD+yeUnksa ds fy, ¼d+qnjr vYykg dh½ cgqr lh fu'kkfu;kW gSa ¼190½tks yksx mBrs cSBrs djoV ysrs ¼vyxjt+ gj gky esa½ vYykg dk ft+Ø djrs gSa vkSj vklekuksavkSj t+ehu dh cukoV esa x+kSj o fQ+Ø djrs gSa vkSj ¼cslk[+rk½ dg mBrs gSa fd vYykgoUnk rwusbldks csdkj iSnk ugha fd;k rw ¼Qsys vcl ls½ ikd o ikdht+k gS cl gedks nkst+d ds vt+kcls cpk ¼191½

,s gekjs ikyus okys ftldks rwus nkst+[k+ esa Mkyk rks ;d+huu mls :lok dj Mkyk vkSj tq+Yedjus okys dk dksbZ ennxkj ugha ¼192½,s gekjs ikyus okys ¼tc½ geus ,d vkokt+ yxkus okys ¼iSx+Ecj½ dks lquk fd og ¼bZeku dsokLrs ;wW iqdkjrk Fkk½ fd vius ijojfnxkj ij bZeku ykvks rks ge bZeku yk, il ,s gekjs ikyusokys gesa gekjs xqukg c[+'k ns vkSj gekjh cqjkbZ;ksa dks gels nwj djs ns vkSj gesa usdksa ds lkFk¼nqfu;k ls½ mBk ys ¼193½vkSj ,s ikyus okys vius jlwyksa dh ekQZr tks dqN gels ok;nk fd;k gS gesa ns vkSj gesa d+;kerds fnu :lok u dj rw rks ok;nk f[+kykQ+h djrk gh ugha ¼194½rks muds ijojfnxkj us nqvk dq+cwy dj yh vkSj ¼Q+jek;k½ fd ge rqeesa ls fdlh dke djusokys ds dke dks vdkjr ugha djrs enZ gks ;k vkSjr ¼ml esa dqN fdlh dh [kq+lwfl;r ughaD;ksafd½ rqe ,d nwljs ¼dh ftUl½ ls gks tks yksx ¼gekjs fy, oru vkokjk gq,½ vkSj 'kgj cnjfd, x, vkSj mUgksaus gekjh jkg esa vt+h;rsa mBk;ha vkSj ¼dq+Q+j ls½ tax dh vkSj 'kghn gq, eSamudh cqjkbZ;ksa ls t+:j njxqt+j d:Wxk vkSj mUgsa csfg'r ds mu ckx+ksa esa ys tkÅWxk ftuds uhpsugjsa tkjh gSa vYykg ds ;gkW ;s muds fd;s dk cnyk gS vkSj vYykg ¼,slk gh gS fd ml½ ds;gkW rks vPNk gh cnyk gS ¼195½¼,s jlwy½ dkfQ+jksa dk 'kgjks”'kgjks pSu djrs fQjuk rqEgs /kks[ks esa u Mkys ¼196½;s pUn jkst+k Q+k;nk gSa fQj rks ¼vkf[+kjdkj½ mudk fBdkuk tgUuqe gh gS vkSj D;k gh cqjkfBdkuk gS ¼197½exj ftu yksxksa us vius ijojfnxkj dh ijgst+xkjh ¼b[+rs;kj dh muds fy, csfg'r ds½ og ckx+krgSa ftuds uhps ugjsa tkjha gSa vkSj og ges'kk mlh esa jgsaxs ;s vYykg dh rjQ+ ls mudh ¼nkor gSvkSj tks lkt+ks lkeku½ vYykg ds ;gkW gS og usdks dkjksa ds okLrs nqfu;k ls dgha csgrj gS¼198½vkSj ,gys fdrkc esa ls dqN yksx rks ,sls t+:j gSa tks vYykg ij vkSj tks ¼fdrkc½ rqe ijukft+y gq;h vkSj tks ¼fdrkc½ muij ukft+y gq;h ¼lc ij½ bZeku j[krs gSa vYykg ds vkxs lj>qdk, gq, gSa vkSj vYykg dh vk;rksa ds cnys FkksM+h lh d+her ¼nqfu;koh Q+k;ns½ ugha ysrs ,slsgh yksxksa ds okLrs muds ijojfnxkj ds ;gkW vPNk cnyk gS cs'kd vYykg cgqr tYn fglkcdjus okyk gS ¼199½

,s bZekunkjksa ¼nhu dh rdyhQ+ksa dks½ vkSj nwljksa dks cnkZ'r dh rkyhe nks vkSj ¼ftgkn ds fy,½dejsa dl yks vkSj vYykg gh ls Mjks rkfd rqe viuh fnyh eqjkn ikvks ¼200½

4 lwjg fulklwjg fulk enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ,d lkS lRrj ¼170½ vk;rs gSvYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s yksxksa vius ikyus okys ls Mjks ftlus rqe lcdks ¼flQZ½ ,d 'k[+l ls iSnk fd;k vkSj ¼ogbl rjg fd igys½ mudh ckdh feV~Vh ls mudh choh ¼gOok½ dks iSnk fd;k vkSj ¼flQ+Z½ mUghanks ¼fe;kW choh½ ls cgqr ls enZ vkSj vkSjrsa nqfu;k eas QSyk fn;s vkSj ml vYykg ls Mjks ftldsolhys ls vkil esa ,d nwljs ls loky djrs gks vkSj d+r, jge ls Hkh Mjks cs'kd vYykgrqEgkjh ns[kHkky djus okyk gS ¼1½vkSj ;rheksa dks muds eky ns nks vkSj cqjh pht+ ¼ekys gjke½ dks Hkyh pht+ ¼ekys gyky½ dscnys esa u yks vkSj muds eky vius ekyksa esa feykdj u p[k tkvks D;ksafd ;s cgqr cM+k xqukggS ¼2½vkSj vxj rqedks vUns'kk gks fd ¼fudkg djds½ rqe ;rhe yM+fd;ksa ¼dh j[kj[kko½ esa bUlkQ udj ldksxs rks vkSj vkSjrksa esa viuh et+hZ ds eokfQ+d nks nks vkSj rhu rhu vkSj pkj pkj fudkgdjks ¼fQj vxj rqEgssa bldk½ vUns'kk gks fd ¼eqrrbn½ chfo;ksa esa ¼Hkh½ bUlkQ u dj ldksxs rks,d gh ij bDrsQ+k djks ;k tks ¼yksaMh½ rqEgkjh t+j [+kjhn gks ¼mlh ij d+ukvr djks½ ;s rnchjcsbUlkQ+h u djus dh cgqr d+jhus d+;kl gS ¼3½vkSj vkSjrksa dks muds egj [+kq'kh [+kq'kh ns Mkyks fQj vxj og [+kq'kh [+kq'kh rqEgsa dqN NksM+ ns rks'kkSd+ ls ukS'ks tku [kkvks fi;ks ¼4½vkSj vius og eky ftuij vYykg us rqEgkjh xqt+j u d+jkj nh gS csodwQ+ksa ¼uk le> ;rhe½ dksu ns cSBks gkW mlesa ls mUgsa f[kykvks vkSj mudks igukvks ¼rks et+k,d+k ugha½ vkSj muls ¼'kkSd+ ls½vPNh rjg ckr djks ¼5½vkSj ;rheksa dks dkjksckj esa yxk, jgks ;gkW rd ds C;kgus ds d+kfcy gksa fQj ml oD+r rqemUgs ¼,d eghus dk [+kpZ½ muds gkFk ls djkds vxj gksf'k;kj ikvks rks mudk eky muds gokysdj nks vkSj ¼[k+cjnkj½ ,slk u djuk fd bl [k+kSQ+ ls fd dgha ;s cM+s gks tk,axs Q+qt+wy [+kphZdjds >ViV mudk eky pV dj tkvks vkSj tks ¼tks oyh ;k ljijLr½ nkSyreUn gks rks og¼ekys ;rhe vius [+kpZ esa ykus ls½ cprk jgs vkSj ¼gkW½ tks eksgrkt gks og vycRrk ¼okftch½

nLrwj ds eqrkfcd+ [kk ldrk gS il tc muds eky muds gokys djus yxks rks yksxksa dks mudkxokg cuk yks vkSj ¼;Ww rks½ fglkc ysus dks vYykg dkQ+h gh gS ¼6½ekW cki vkSj d+jkcrnkjksas ds rdsZ esa dqN fgLlk [k+kl enksZa dk gS vkSj mlh rjg ek¡ cki vkSjd+jkcrnkjks ds rjds esa dqN fgLlk [+kkl vkSjrksa dk Hkh gS [+okg rdZ de gks ;k T+;knk ¼gj'k[+l dk½ fgLlk ¼gekjh rjQ+ ls½ eqd+jZj fd;k gqvk gS ¼7½vkSj tc ¼rdZ dh½ rd+lhe ds oD+r ¼og½ d+jkcrnkj ¼ftudk dksbZ fgLlk ugha½ vkSj ;rhe cPpsvkSj eksgrkt yksx vk tk,a rks mUgs Hkh dqN mlesa ls ns nks vkSj mls vPNh rjg ¼muokus 'kkbLrkls½ ckr djks ¼8½vkSj mu yksxksa dks Mjuk ¼vkSj [+;ky djuk pkfg;s½ fd vxj og yksx [+kqn vius ckn ¼uUgsuUgs½ ukrokW cPps NksM+ tkrs rks mu ij ¼fdl d+nj½ rjl vkrk il mudks ¼x+jhc cPpksa ijl[+rh djus esa½ vYykg ls Mjuk pkfg;s vkSj muls lh/kh rjg ckr djuk pkfg, ¼9½tks ;rheksa ds eky ukgd+ pV dj tk;k djrs gSa og vius isV esa cl vaxkjs Hkjrs gSa vkSjvud+jhc tgUuqe okfly gksaxs ¼10½¼eqlyekuksa½ vYykg rqEgkjh vkSykn ds gd+ esa rqels olh;r djrk gS fd yM+ds dk fgLlk nksyM+fd;ksa ds cjkcj gS vkSj vxj ¼e¸;r dh½ vkSykn esa flQZ yM+fd;kW gh gksa ¼nks½ ;k ¼nks½ lsT+;knk rks mudk ¼ed+jZj fgLlk½ dqy rdsZ dk nks frgkbZ gS vkSj vxj ,d yM+dh gks rks mldkvk/kk gS vkSj e¸;r ds cki ekW gj ,d dk vxj e¸;r dh dksbZ vkSykn ekStwn u gks rks ekyeqLrjn dk esa ls eqv¸;u ¼[+kkl pht+ksa esas½ NVk fgLlk gS vkSj vxj e¸;r ds dksbZ vkSykn u gksvkSj mlds flQZ ekW cki gh okfjl gksa rks ekW dk eqv¸;u ¼[+kkl pht+ksa esas½ ,d frgkbZ fgLlk r;gS vkSj ckd+h cki dk ysfdu vxj e¸;r ds ¼gd+hd+h vkSj lkSrsys½ HkkbZ Hkh ekStwn gksa rks ¼vxjpsmUgsa dqN u feys½ ml oD+r ekW dk fgLlk NBk gh gksxk ¼vkSj og Hkh½ e¸;r usa ftlds ckjs esaolh;r dh gS mldh rkyhe vkSj ¼vnk,½ d+t+Z ds ckn rqEgkjs cki gksa ;k csVs rqe rks ;g ughatkurs gksa fd mlesa dkSu rqEgkjh ukQ+jekuh esa T+;knk d+jhc gS ¼fQj rqe D;k n[+ky ns ldrs gks½fgLlk rks flQZ vYykg dh rjQ+ ls eqv¸;u gksrk gS D;ksafd vYykg rks t+:j gj pht+ dkstkurk vkSj rnchj okyk gS ¼11½vkSj tks dqN rqEgkjh chfo;ka NksM+ dj ¼ej½ tk,W il vxj muds dksbZ vkSykn u gks rks rqEgkjkvk/kk gS vkSj vxj muds dksbZ vkSykn gks rks tks dqN og rjdk NksM+s mlesa ls ckt+ pht+ksa esapkSFkkbZ rqEgkjk gS ¼vkSj og Hkh½ vkSjr us ftldh olh;r dh gks vkSj ¼vnk,½ d+t+Z ds ckn vxjrqEgkjs dksbZ vkSykn u gks rks rqEgkjs rjds esa ls rqEgkjh chfo;ksa dk ckt+ pht+ksa esa pkSFkkbZ gS vkSj

vxj rqEgkjh dksbZ vkSykn gks rks rqEgkjs rdsZ esa ls mudk [+kkl pht+ksa esa vkBokW fgLlk gS ¼vkSjog Hkh½ rqeus ftlds ckjs esa olh;r dh gS mldh rkehy vkSj ¼vnk,½ d+t+Z ds ckn vkSj vxjdksbZ enZ ;k vkSjr viuh eknjftyksa ¼[+;kyh½ HkkbZ ;k cgu dks okfjl NksM+s rks muesa ls gj ,ddk [k+kl phtksa esa NBk fgLlk gS vkSj vxj mlls T+;knk gks rks lcds lc ,d [k+kl frgkbZ esa'kjhd+ jgsaxs vkSj ¼;s lc½ e¸;r us ftlds ckjs esa olh;r dh gS mldh rkehy vkSj ¼vnk,½ d+tZ+ds ckn exj gkW og olh;r ¼okfjlksa dks [+okg e[+okg½ uqD+lku igqWpkus okyh u gks ¼rc½ ;solh;r vYykg dh rjQ+ ls gS vkSj vYykg rks gj pht+ dk tkuus okyk vkSj cqnZckj gS ¼12½;g vYykg dh ¼eqd+jZj dh gq;h½ gnsa gSa vkSj vYykg vkSj jlwy dh brkvr djs mldks vYykgvk[+ksjr esa ,sls ¼gj Hkjs½ ckx+ksa esa igqWpk nsxk ftlds uhps ugjsa tkjh gksaxh vkSj og muesa ges'kk¼pSu ls½ jgsaxs vkSj ;gh rks cM+h dke;kch gS ¼13½vkSj ftl 'k[+l ls vYykg o jlwy dh ukQ+jekuh dh vkSj mldh gnksa ls xqt++j x;k rks clvYykg mldks tgUuqe esa nkf[+ky djsxk ¼14½vkSj og mleas ges'kk viuk fd;k Hkqxrrk jgsxk vkSj mlds fy, cM+h :lokbZ dk vt+kc gS vkSjrqEgkjh vkSjrksa esa ls tks vkSjrsa cndkjh djsa rks mudh cndkjh ij vius yksxksa esa ls pkj xokghyks vkSj fQj vxj pkjksa xokg mldh rlnhd+ djsa rks ¼mldh lt+k ;s gS fd½ mudks ?kjksa esa cUnj[kks ;gkW rd fd ekSr vk tk, ;k vYykg mudh dksbZ ¼nwljh½ jkg fudkys ¼15½vkSj rqe yksxksa esa ls ftuls cndkjh ljt+n gq;h gks mudks ekjks ihVks fQj vxj og nksuksa ¼viuhgjdr ls½ rkSck djsa vkSj bLykg dj ysa rks mudks NksM+ nks cs'kd vYykg cM+k rkSck dqcwy djusokyk esgjcku gS ¼16½exj vYykg dh ckjxkg esa rkSck rks flQZ mUgha yksxksa dh ¼Bhd½ gS tks uknkfuLrk cqjh gjdrdj cSBs ¼vkSj½ fQj tYnh ls rkSck dj ys rks vYykg Hkh ,sls yksxksa dh rkSck d+qcwy dj ysrkgS vkSj vYykg rks cM+k tkuus okyk gdhe gS ¼17½vkSj rkSck mu yksxksa ds fy;s ¼eqQ+hn½ ugha gS tks ¼mez Hkj½ rks cqjs dke djrs jgs ;gkW rd fdtc muesa ls fdlh ds lj ij ekSr vk [kM+h gq;h rks dgus yxs vc eSaus rkSck dh vkSj ¼blhrjg½ mu yksxksa ds fy, ¼Hkh rkSck½ eqQ+hn ugha gS tks dqÝ+ gh dh gkyr esa ej x;s ,sls ghyksxksa ds okLrs geus nnZukd vt+kc rS;kj dj j[kk gS ¼18½,s bZekunkjksa rqedks ;s tk;t+ ugha fd ¼vius eqfjl dh½ vkSjrksa ls ¼fudkg dj½ ds ¼[+okg ek[+okg½ t+cjnLrh okfjl cu tkvks vkSj tks dqN rqeus mUgsa ¼'kkSgj ds rdsZ ls½ fn;k gS mlesa ls

dqN ¼vkil ls dqN okil ysus dh uh;r ls½ mUgsa nwljs ds lkFk ¼fudkg djus ls½ u jksdks gkWtc og [kqYye [kqYyk dksbZ cndkjh djsa rks vycRrk jksdus esa ¼et+k,d+k ¿gtZÀugha½ vkSj chfo;ksads lkFk vPNk lqywd djrs jgks vkSj vxj rqe fdlh otg ls mUgsa ukilUn djks ¼rks Hkh lczdjks D;ksafd½ vtc ugha fd fdlh pht+ dks rqe ukilUn djrs gks vkSj vYykg rqEgkjs fy, mlesacgqr csgrjh dj ns ¼19½vkSj vxj rqe ,d choh ¼dks rykd+ nsdj ml½ dh txg nwljh choh ¼fudkg djds½ rcnhydjuk pkgks rks vxjps rqe muesa ls ,d dks ¼ftls rykd+ nsuk pgkrs gks½ cgqr lk eky ns pqdsgks rks rqe muesa ls dqN ¼okil u yks½ D;k rqEgkjh ;gh xS+jr gS fd ¼[+okg ek [+okg½ cksgrkuckW/kdj ;k ljhgh tqeZ yxkdj okil ys yks ¼20½vkSj D;k rqe mldks ¼okil yksxs gkykWfd rqeesa ls½ ,d nwljs ds lkFk f[k+yor dj pqdk gS vkSjchfo;kW rqels ¼fudkg ds oD+r uq+d+Q+k oxS+jg dk½ iDdk d+jkj ys pqdh gSa ¼21½vkSj ftu vkSjrksa ls rqEgkjs cki nknkvksa ls ¼fudkg½ tekv ¼vxjps ft+uk½ fd;k gks rqe mulsfudkg u djks exj tks gks pqdk ¼og rks gks pqdk½ og cndkjh vkSj vYykg dh uk[+kq'kh dhckr t+:j Fkh vkSj cgqr cqjk rjhd+k Fkk ¼22½¼eqlyekuksa glcs ts+y½ vkSjrsa rqe ij gjke dh x;h gSa rqEgkjh ek,W ¼nknh ukuh oxS+jg lc½ vkSjrqEgkjh csfV;kW ¼iksfr;kW½ uokfl;kW ¼oxS+jg½ vkSj rqEgkjh cgusa vkSj rqEgkjh QqfQ;kW vkSj rqEgkjh[k+kyk,W vkSj Hkrhft;kW vkSj Hkaft;kW vkSj rqEgkjh og ek,W ftUgksaus rqedks nw/k fiyk;k gS vkSj rqEgkjhjt+kbZ ¼nw/k 'kjhd½ cgusa vkSj rqEgkjh choh;ksa dh ek¡, vkSj og ¼eknj ft+yks½ yM+fd;ka tks rqEgkjhxksn esa ijofj'k ik pqdh gks vkSj mu vkSjrksa ¼ds isV½ ls ¼iSnk gq;h½ gSa ftuls rqe gefcLrjh djpqds gks gk¡ vxj rqeus mu chfo;ksa ls ¼flQZ fudkg fd;k gks½ gefcLrjh u dh rks vycRrk mueknjft+yksa ¼yM+fd;ksa ls½ fudkg ¼djus esa½ rqe ij dqN xqukg ugha gS vkSj rqEgkjs lqych yM+dks¼iksrksa uoklksa oxS+jg½ dh chfo;kW ¼cgq,W½ vkSj nks cguksa ls ,d lkFk fudkg djuk exj tks gkspqdk ¼og ekQ+ gS½ cs'kd vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼23½vkSj 'kkSgjnkj vkSjrsa exj og vkSjrsa tks ¼ftgkn esa dq+Q+kj ls½ rqEgkjs dCt+s esa vk tk,W gjkeugha ¼;s½ vYykg dk rgjhjh gqDe ¼gS tks½ rqeij ¼Q+t+Z fd;k x;k½ gS vkSj mu vkSjrksa ds flok¼vkSj vkSjrsa½ rqEgkjs fy, tk;t+ gSa c'krsZ fd cndkjh o ft+uk ugha cfYd rqe b+Q+r ;kikdnkfeuh dh x+jt+ ls vius eky ¼o esgj½ ds cnys ¼fudkg djuk½ pkgks gkW ftu vkSjrksa lsrqeus eqrkv fd;k gks rks mUgas tks esgj eqv¸;u fd;k gS ns nks vkSj esgj ds eqd+jZj gksus ds cknvxj vkil esa ¼de o cs'k ij½ jkt+h gks tkvks rks mlesa rqeij dqN xqukg ugha gS cs'kdvYykg ¼gj pht+ ls½ okfd+Q+ vkSj elysgrksa dk igpkuus okyk gS ¼24½

vkSj rqeesa ls tks 'k[+l vkt+kn b+Q+rnkj vkSjrksa ls fudkg djus dh ekyh gSfl;r ls d+qnjr uj[krk gks rks og rqEgkjh mu eksfeuk ykSfUM;ksa ls tks rqEgkjs dCt+s esa gSa fudkg dj ldrk gS vkSjvYykg rqEgkjs bZeku ls [k+wc okfd+Q+ gS ¼bZeku dh gSfl;r ls rks½ rqeesa ,d nwljs dk geftUl gSil ¼cs rkEeqy½ muds ekfydksa dh btkt+r ls ykSfUM;ksa ls fudkg djks vkSj mudk esgj gqLuslqywd ls ns nks exj mUgha ¼ykSfUM;kss½ ls fudkg djks tks b+Q+r ds lkFk rqEgkjh ikcUn jgsa u rks[kqys vke ft+uk djuk pkgsa vkSj u pksjh fNis ls vk'kukbZ fQj tc rqEgkjh ikcUn gks pqdh mldsckn dksbZ cndkjh djs rks tks lt+k vkt+kn chfo;ksa dks nh tkrh gS mldh vk/kh ¼lt+k½ ykSfUM;ksadks nh tk,xh ¼vkSj ykSfUM;ksa½ ls fudkg dj Hkh ldrk gS rks og 'k[+l ftldks ft+uk esa eqfCrykgks tkus dk [k+kSQ+ gks vkSj lcz djs rks rqEgkjs gd+ esa T+;knk csgrj gS vkSj vYykg c[+'kus okykesgjcku gS ¼25½vYykg rks ;s pkgrk gS fd ¼vius½ ,gdke rqe yksxksa ls lkQ+ lkQ+ c;ku dj ns vkSj tks¼vPNs½ yksx rqels igys xqt+j pqds gSa muds rjhd+s ij pyk ns vkSj rqEgkjh rkSck dq+cwy djs vkSjvYykg rks ¼gj pht+ ls½ okfd+Q+ vkSj fgder okyk gS ¼26½vkSj [+k+qnk rks pkgrk gS fd rqEgkjh rkSck d+qcwy ¼27½djs vkSj tks yksx uQ+fl;kuh [+okfg'k ds ihNs iMs+ gSa og ;s pkgrs gSa fd rqe yksx ¼jkgs gd+ls½ cgqr nwj gV tkvks vkSj vYykg pkgrk gS fd rqels ckj esa r[+kQ+hQ+ dj nsa D;ksafd vknehrks cgqr det+ksj iSnk fd;k x;k gS ¼28½, bZekuokyksa vkil esa ,d nwljs dk eky ukgd+ u [kk tk;k djks ysfdu ¼gkW½ rqe yksxksa dhckgeh jt+keUnh ls frtkjr gks ¼vkSj mlesa ,d nwljs dk eky gks rks eqt+k,d+k ugha½ vkSj viukxyk vki ?kwWV ds viuh tku u nks ¼D;ksafd½ vYykg rks t+:j rqEgkjs gky ij esgjcku gS ¼29½vkSj tks 'k[+l tksjks t+qYe ls ukgd+ ,slk djsxk ¼[+kqndq'kh djsxk½ rks ¼;kn jgs fd½ ge cgqrtYn mldks tgUuqe dh vkx esa >ksad nsaxs ;g vYykg ds fy;s vklku gS ¼30½ftu dkeksa dh rqEgsa eukgh dh tkrh gS vxj muesa ls rqe xqukgs dchjk ls cprs jgs rks gerqEgkjs ¼lx+hjk½ xqukgksa ls Hkh njxqt+j djasxs vkSj rqedks cgqr vPNh bT+t+r dh txg igqWpk nsaxs¼31½vkSj vYykg us tks rqeesa ls ,d nwljs ij rjthg nh gS mldh gol u djks ¼D;ksafd Q+t+hyr rksvkeky ls gS½ enksZ dks vius fd, dk fgLlk gS vkSj vkSjrksa dks vius fd, dk fgLlk vkSj ;s

vkSj ckr gS fd rqe vYykg ls mlds Qt+y o dje dh [+okfg'k djks vYykg rks gj pht+s lsokfd+Q+ gS ¼32½vkSj ekW cki ¼;k½ vkSj d+jkcrnkj ¼x+jt+½ rks 'k[+l tks rjdk NksM+ tk, geus gj ,d dk¼okyh½ okfjl eqd+jZj dj fn;k gS vkSj ftu yksxksa ls rqeus eqLrgde ¿iDdkÀ ,gn fd;k gS mudkeqd+jZj fgLlk Hkh rqe ns nks cs'kd vYykg rks gj pht+ ij xokg gS ¼33½enksZ dk vkSjrksa ij d+kcw gS D;ksafd ¼,d rks½ vYykg us ckt+ vknfe;ksa ¼enZ½ dks ckt+ vnfe;ksa¼vkSjr½ ij Q+t+hyr nh gS vkSsj ¼blds vykok½ pwWfd enksZ us vkSjrksa ij viuk eky [+kpZ fd;k gSil usd c[+r chfo;kW rks 'kkSgjksa dh rkcsnkjh djrh gSa ¼vkSj½ muds ihB ihNs ftl rjg vYykgus fgQ+kt+r dh og Hkh ¼gj pht+ dh½ fgQ+kt+r djrh gS vkSj og vkSjrsa ftuds ukQjeku ljd'kgksus dk rqEgsa vUns'kk gks rks igys mUgsa le>kvks vkSj ¼mlij u ekus rks½ rqe muds lkFk lksukNksM+ nks vkSj ¼blls Hkh u ekus rks½ ekjks exj bruk fd [kw+u u fudys vkSj dksbZ vt+ks u ¼VwVs½il vxj og rqEgkjh eqrhb gks tk,W rks rqe Hkh muds uqd+lku dh jkg u

mlesa ls jkgs vYykg esa [+kpZ djrs rks mu ij D;k vkQ+r vk tkrh vkSj vYykg rks muls [+kwcokfd+Q+ gS ¼39½vYykg rks gjfxt+ t+jkZ cjkcj Hkh t+qYe ugha djrk cfYd vxj t+jkZ cjkcj Hkh fdlh dh dksbZusdh gks rks mldks nwuk djrk gS vkSj viuh rjQ+ ls cM+k lokc vrk Q+jekrk gS ¼40½¼[+kSj nqfu;k esa rks tks pkgs djsa½ Hkyk ml oD+r D;k gky gksxk tc ge gj fxjksg ds xokgryc djsaxs vkSj ¼eksgEen½ rqedks mu lc ij xokg dh gSfl;r esa ryc djsaxs ¼41½ml fnu ftu yksxksa us dqÝ+ b[+rs;kj fd;k vkSj jlwy dh ukQ+jekuh dh ;s vkjt+w djsaxs fd dk'k¼og isoUns [k+kd gks tkrs½ vkSj muds Åij ls t+ehu cjkcj dj nh tkrh vkSj vQ+lksl ;s yksxvYykg ls dksbZ ckr ml fnu Nqik Hkh u ldsaxs ¼42½,s bZekunkjksa rqe u'ks dh gkyr esa uekt+ ds d+jhc u tkvks rkfd rqe tks dqN eqWg ls dgksle>ks Hkh rks vkSj u ftukcr dh gkyr esa ;gkW rd fd x+qLy dj yks exj jkg xqt+j esa gks¼vkSj xq+Ly eqefdu ugha gS rks vycRrk t+:jr ugha½ cfYd vxj rqe ejht+ gks vkSj ikuh uqd+lkudjs ;k lQ+j esa gks rqeesa ls fdlh dk iS[k+kuk fudy vk, ;k vkSjrksa ls lksgcr dh gks vkSjrqedks ikuh u e;Llj gks ¼fd rgkjr djks½ rks ikd feêh ij rSewe dj yks vkSj ¼ml dk rjhd+k;s gS fd½ vius eqWg vkSj gkFkksa ij feêh Hkjk gkFk Qsjks rks cs'kd vYykg ekQ+ djus okyk gS¼vkSj½ c[+'k us okyk gS ¼43½¼,s jlwy½ D;k rweus mu yksxksa ds gky ij ut+j ugha dh ftUgsa fdrkcs vYykg dk dqN fgLlkfn;k x;k Fkk ¼exj½ og yksx ¼fgnk;r ds cnys½ xqejkgh [+kjhnus yxs mudh ,su eqjkn ;g gS fdrqe Hkh jkgs jkLr ls cgd tkvks ¼44½vkSj vYykg rqEgkjs nq'keuksa ls [+kwc okfd+Q+ gS vkSj nksLrh ds fy, cl vYykg dkQ+h gS vkSjfgek;r ds okLrs Hkh vYykg gh dkQ+h gS ¼45½¼,s jlwy½ ;gwn ls dqN yksx ,sls Hkh gSa tks ckrksa esa muds egy o ekSd+s ls gsj Qsj Mky nsrs gSavkSj viuh t+ckuksa dks ejksM+dj vkSj nhu ij rkukt+uh dh jkg ls rqels lesvuk o vlSuk ¼geuslquk vkSj ukQ+jekuh dh½ vkSj olev xS+jk eqlebu ¼rqe esjh lquks vYykg rqedks u lquok,½jkvuk esjk [+;ky djks esjs pjokgs dgk djrs gSa vkSj vxj og blds cnys lesvuk o vrkvuk¼geus lquk vkSj ekuk½ vkSj blekvk ¼esjh lquks½ vkSj ¼jkvuk½ ds ,ot+ mutqjuk ¼geij fuxkgj[k½ dgrs rks muds gd+ esa dgha csgrj gksrk vkSj fcYdqy lh/kh ckr Fkh exj muij rks mudsdqÝ+ dh otg ls vYykg dh fQ+Vdkj gS ¼46½

il muesa ls pUn yksxksa ds flok vkSj yksx bZeku gh u yk,axs ,s ,gys fdrkc tks ¼fdrkc½ geusukft+y dh gS vkSj ml ¼fdrkc½ dh Hkh rLnhd+ djrh gS tks rqEgkjs ikl gS ml ij beku ykvksexj d+Cy blds fd ge dqN yksxksa ds psgjs fcxkM+dj muds iq'r dh rjQ+ Qsj nsa ;k ftlrjg geus vlgkcs lcr ¼g+rs okyksa½ ij fQVdkj cjlk;h oSlh gh fQVdkj muij Hkh djsa ¼47½vkSj vYykg dk gqDe fd;k djk;k gqvk dke le>ks vYykg ml tqeZ dks rks vycRrk ugha ekQ+djrk fd mlds lkFk f'kdZ fd;k tk, gkW mlds flok tks xqukg gks ftldks pkgs ekQ+ dj nsvkSj ftlus ¼fdlh dks½ vYykg dk 'kjhd cuk;k rks mlus cM+s xqukg dk rwQku ckW/kk ¼48½¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqeus mu yksxksa ds gky ij ut+j ugha dh tks vki cM+s eqd+íl curs gSa ¼exjmlls D;k gksrk gS½ cfYd vYykg ftls pkgrk gS eqd+íl cukrk gS vkSj t+qYe rks fdlh ij /kkxsds cjkcj gks gh xk ugha ¼49½¼,s jlwy½ t+jk ns[kks rks ;s yksx vYykg ij dSls dSls >wB rwQ+ku tksM+rs gSa vkSj [kqYye [kqYykxqukg ds okLrs rks ;gh dkQ+h gS ¼50½¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqeus mu yksxksa ds ¼gky ij½ ut+j ugha dh ftUgsa fdrkcs vYykg dk dqN fgLlkfn;k x;k Fkk vkSj ¼fQj½ 'kSrku vkSj cqrksa dk dyek Ik

dj iSnk djs nsaxs rkfd og vPNh rjg vt+kc dk et+k p[ksa cs'kd vYykg gjpht+ ij x+kfycvkSj fgder okyk gS ¼56½vkSj tks yksx bZeku yk, vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, ge mudks vud+jhc gh ¼csfg'r ds½ ,sls,sls ¼gjs Hkjs½ ckx+ksa esa tk igqWpk,axs ftu ds uhps ugjsa tkjh gksaxh vkSj muesa ges'kk jgsaxs ogkamudh lkQ+ lqFkjh chfo;kW gksaxh vkSj mUgs ?kuh NkWo esa ys tkdj j[ksaxs ¼57½,s bZekunkjksa vYykg rqEgsa gqDe nsrk gS fd yksxksa dh vekursa vekur j[kus okyksa ds gokys djnks vkSj tc yksxksa ds ckgeh >xM+ksa dk QS+lyk djus yxks rks bUlkQ+ ls QS+lyk djks ¼vYykgrqedks½ bldh D;k gh vPNh ulhgr djrk gS blesa rks 'kd ugha fd vYykg lcdh lqurk gS¼vkSj lc dqN½ ns[krk gS ¼58½,s bZekunkjksa vYykg dh brkvr djks vkSj jlwy dh vkSj tks rqeesa ls lkgsckus gqdwer gksa mudhbrkvr djks vkSj vxj rqe fdlh ckr esa >xM+k djks il vxj rqe vYykg vkSj jkst+s vkf[+kjrij beku j[krs gks rks bl vez esa vYykg vkSj jlwy dh rjQ+ :tw djks ;gh rqEgkjs gd+ esacsgrj gS vkSj vUtke dh jkg ls cgqr vPNk gS ¼59½¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqeus mu yksxksa dh ¼gkyr½ ij ut+j ugha dh tks ;s [+;kyh iqykvks idkrs gSa fdtks fdrkc rq> ij ukft+y dh x;h vkSj tks fdrkcsa rqe ls igys ukft+y dh x;h ¼lc ij bZekugS½ yk, vkSj fnyh reUuk ;s gS fd ljd'kksa dks viuk gkfde cuk,W gkykWfd mudks gqDe fn;kx;k fd mldh ckr u ekusa vkSj 'kSrku rks ;g pkgrk gS fd mUgsa cgdk ds cgqr nwj ys tk,¼60½vkSj tc muls dgk tkrk gS fd vYykg us tks fdrkc ukft+y dh gS mldh rjQ+ vkSj jlwy dhrjQ+ :tw djks rks rqe equkfQ+d+hu dks ns[krs gks fd rqels fdl rjg eqWg Qsj ysrs gSa ¼61½fd tc muij muds djrwr dh otg ls dksbZ eqlhcr iM+rh gS rks D;ksadj rqEgkjs ikl vYykgdh d+lesa [kkrs gSa fd gekjk eryc usdh vkSj esy feyki ds flok dqN u Fkk ;s og yksx gSafd dqN vYykg gh muds fny dh gkyr [+kwc tkurk gS ¼62½il rqe muls njxqt+j djks vkSj mudks ulhgr djks vkSj muls muds fny esa vlj djus okyh ckrdgks vkSj geus dksbZ jlwy ugha Hkstk exj bl okLrs fd vYykg ds gqDe ls yksx mldh brkvrdjsa ¼63½vkSj ¼jlwy½ tc mu yksxksa us ¼ukQ+jekuh djds½ viuh tkuksa ij tq+Ye fd;k Fkk vxj rqEgkjs ikl

pys vkrs vkSj vYykg ls ekQ+h ekWxrs vkSj jlwy ¼rqe½ Hkh mudh ex+fQ+jr pkgrs rks cs'kd ogyksx vYykg dks cM+k rkSck d+qcwy djus okyk esgjcku ikrs ¼64½il ¼,s jlwy½ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh d+le ;s yksx lPps eksfeu u gksaxs rkoD+rs fd vius ckgeh>xM+ksa esa rqedks viuk gkfde ¼u½ cuk,W fQj ¼;gh ugha cfYd½ tks dqN rqe QS+lyk djks mllsfdlh rjg fnyrax Hkh u gksa cfYd [+kq'kh [+kq'kh mldks eku ysa ¼65½¼bLykeh 'kjh;r esa rks mudk ;s gky gS½ vkSj vxj ge cuh bljkby dh rjg muij ;s gqDetkjh dj nsrs fd rqe vius vkidks d+Ry dj Mkyks ;k 'kgj cnj gks tkvks rks muesa ls pUnvknfe;ksa ds flok ;s yksx rks mldks u djrs vkSj vxj ;s yksx bl ckr ij vey djrs ftldhmUgsa ulhgr dh tkrh gS rks muds gd+ esa cgqr csgrj gksrk ¼66½vkSj ¼nhu esa Hkh½ cgqr lkfcr d+neh ls tes jgrs vkSj bl lwjr esa ge Hkh viuh rjQ+ ls t+:jcM+k vPNk cnyk nsrs ¼67½vkSj mudks jkgs jkLr dh Hkh t+:j fgnk;r djrs ¼68½vkSj ftl “'k[+l us vYykg vkSj jlwy dh brkvr dh rks ,sls yksx mu ¼ed+cwy½ cUnksa ds lkFkgksaxs ftUgsa vYykg us viuh usversa nh gSa ;kfu vfEc;k vkSj fln~nhd+hu vkSj 'kksgnk vkSj lkysghuvkSj ;s yksx D;k gh vPNs jQ+hd+ gSa ¼69½;s vYykg dk Q+t+y ¼o dje½ gS vkSj vYykg rks okfd+Q+dkjh esa cl gS ¼70½,s bZekuokyksa ¼ftgkn ds oD+r½ viuh fgQ+kt+r ds ¼t+jk,½ vPNh rjg ns[kHkky yks fQj rqEgsab[+rs;kj gS [+okg nLrk nLrk fudyks ;k lcds lc bdV~Bs gksdj fudy [kM+s gks ¼71½vkSj rqeesa ls ckt+ ,sls Hkh gSa tks ¼tsgkn ls½ t+:j ihNs jgsaxs fQj vxj bRrsQ+kd+u rqeij dksbZeqlhcr vk iM+h rks dgus yxs vYykg us geij cM+k Q+t+y fd;k fd muesa ¼eqlyekuksa½ ds lkFkekStwn u gqvk ¼72½vkSj vxj rqeij vYykg us Q+t+y fd;k ¼vkSj nq'eu ij x+kfyc vk,½ rks bl rjg vtuch cudsfd xks;k rqeesa mlesa dHkh eksgCcr gh u Fkh ;Ww dgus yxk fd ,s dk'k muds lkFk gksrk rks eSaHkh cM+h dke;kch gkfly djrk ¼73½il tks yksx nqfu;k dh ft+Unxh ¼tku rd½ vk[+ksjr ds okLrs ns Mkyus dks ekStwn gSa mudks

vYykg dh jkg esa tsgkn djuk pkfg, vkSj ftlus vYykg dh jkg esa tsgkn fd;k fQj 'kghngqvk rks xks;k x+kfyc vk;k rks ¼cgjgky½ ge rks vud+jhc gh mldks cM+k vtz vrk Q+jek;saxs¼74½¼vkSj eqlyekuksa½ rqedks D;k gks x;k gS fd vYykg dh jkg esa mu det+ksj vkSj cscl enksZ vkSjvkSjrksa vkSj cPpksa ¼dks dq+Q+kj ds iats ls NqM+kus½ ds okLrs tsgkn ugha djrs tks ¼gkyrs etcwjhesa½ vYykg ls nqvk,W ekWx jgs gSa fd ,s gekjs ikyus okys fdlh rjg bl cLrh ¼eDdk½ lsftlds ckf'kUns cM+s t+kfye gSa gesa fudky vkSj viuh rjQ+ ls fdlh dks gekjk ljijLr cuk vkSjrw [+kqn gh fdlh dks viuh rjQ+ ls gekjk ennxkj cuk ¼75½¼il ns[kks½ bZekuokys rks vYykg dh jkg esa yM+rs gS a vkSj dq+Q+kj 'kSrku dh jkg esa yM+rs ejrsgSa il ¼eqlyekuksa½ rqe 'kSrku ds gok [+kkgksa ls yM+ks vkSj ¼dqN ijokg u djks½ D;kasfd 'kSrkudk nkvks rks cgqr gh cksnk gS ¼76½¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqeus mu yksxksa ¼ds gky½ ij ut+j ugha dh ftudks ¼tsgkn dh vkjt+w Fkh½ vkSjmudks gqDe fn;k x;k Fkk fd ¼vHkhs½ vius gkFk jksds jgks vkSj ikcUnh ls uekt+ Ik

¼;s yksx rqEgkjs lkeus½ rks dg nsrs gSa fd ge ¼vkids½ Q+jekcjnkj gSa ysfdu tc rqEgkjs ikl lsckgj fudys rks muesa ls dqN yksx tks dqN rqels dg pqds Fks mlds f[+kykQ+ jkrksa dks e'kojkdjrs gSa gkykWfd ¼;s ugha le>rs½ ;s yksx jkrksa dks tks dqN Hkh e'kojk djrs gSa mls vYykgfy[krk tkrk gS ikl rqe mu yksxksa dh dqN ijokg u djks vkSj vYykg ij Hkjkslk j[kks vkSjvYykg dkjlkt+h ds fy, dkQ+h gS ¼81½rks D;k ;s yksx d+qjku esa Hkh x+kSj ugha djrs vkSj ¼;s ugha [+;ky djrs fd½ vxj vYykg dsflok fdlh vkSj dh rjQ+ ls ¼vk;k½ gksrk rks t+:j mlesa cM+k b[+rsykQ+ ikrs ¼82½vkSj tc muds ¼eqlyekuksa ds½ ikl veu ;k [+kkSQ+ dh [+kcj vk;h rks mls Q+kSju e'kgwj dj nsrsgSa gkykWfd vxj og mldh [+kcj dks jlwy ¼;k½ vkSj bZekunkjks esa ls tks lkgckus gqdwer rdigqWpkrs rks cs'kd tks yksx muesa ls mldh rgd+hd+ djus okys gSa ¼iSx+Ecj ;k oyh½ mldks le>ysrs fd ¼e'kgwj djus dh t+:jr gS ;k ugha½ vkSj ¼eqlyekuksa½ vxj rqeij vYykg dk Q+t+y ¼odje½ vkSj mldh esgjckuh u gksrh rks pUn vknfe;ksa ds flok rqe lcds lc 'kSrku dh iSjohdjus yxrs ¼83½il ¼,s jlwy½ rqe vYykg dh jkg esa ftgkn djks vkSj rqe viuh t+kr ds flok fdlh vkSj dsft+Eesnkj ugha gks vkSj bZekunkjksa dks ¼tsgkn dh½ rjx+hc nks vkSj vud+jhc vYykg dkfQ+jksa dhgScr jksd nsxk vkSj vYykg dh gScr lcls T+;knk gS vkSj mldh lt+k cgqr l[+r gS ¼84½tks 'k[+l vPNs dke dh flQ+kfj'k djs rks mldks Hkh ml dke ds lokc ls dqN fgLlk feysxkvkSj tks cqjs dke dh flQ+kfj'k djs rks mldks Hkh mlh dke dh lt+k dk dqN fgLlk feysxkvkSj vYykg rks gj pht+ ij fuxsgcku gS ¼85½vkSj tc dksbZ 'k[+l lyke djs rks rqe Hkh mlds tokc esa mlls csgrj rjhd+s ls lyke djks ;kogh y+t+ tokc esa dg nks cs'kd vYykg gj pht+ dk fglkc djus okyk gS ¼86½vYykg rks ogh ijojfnxkj gS ftlds flok dksbZ d+kfcys ijfLr'k ugha og rqedks d+;ker ds fnuftlesa t+jk Hkh 'kd ugha t+:j bdV~Bk djsxk vkSj vYykg ls c

jkLr ij ys vkvks gkykWfd vYykg us ftldks xqejkgh esa NksM+ fn;k gS mlds fy, rqeesa ls dksbZ'k[+l jkLrk fudky gh ugha ldrk ¼88½mu yksxksa dh [+okfg'k rks ;s gS fd ftl rjg og dkfQ+j gks x, rqe Hkh dkfQ+j gks tkvks rkfdrqe muds cjkcj gks tkvks il tc rd og vYykg dh jkg esa fgtjr u djsa rks muesa ls fdlhdks nksLr u cukvks fQj vxj og mlls Hkh eqWg eksM+sa rks mUgsa fxj+rkj djks vkSj tgkW ikvksmudks d+Ry djks vkSj muesa ls fdlh dks u viuk nksLr cukvks u ennxkj ¼89½exj tks yksx fdlh ,slh d+kSe ls tk feysa fd rqeesa vkSj muesa ¼lqyg dk½ ,gn o iSeku gkspqdk gS ;k rqels tax djus ;k viuh d+kSe ds lkFk yM+us ls fnyrax gksdj rqEgkjs ikl vk, gksa¼rks mUgsa vkt+kj u igqWpkvks½ vkSj vxj vYykg pkgrk rks mudks rqeij x+yck nsrk rks og rqelst+:j yM+ iM+rs il vxj og rqels fdukjk d'kh djs vkSj rqels u yM+s vkSj rqEgkjs ikl lqykgdk iSx+ke ns rks rqEgkjs fy, mu yksxksa ij vkt+kj igqWpkus dh vYykg us dksbZ lchy ugha fudkyh¼90½vud+jhc rqe dqN ,sls vkSj yksxksa dks Hkh ikvksxs tks pkgrs gSa fd rqels Hkh veu esa jgsaa vkSjviuh d+kSe ls Hkh veu essa jgsa ¼exj½ tc dHkh >xM+s dh rjQ+ cqyk, x, rks mlesa vkSa/ks eqWgds cy fxj iM+s il vxj og rqels u fdukjk d'kh djsa vkSj u rqEgsa lqyg dk iSx+ke nsa vkSju yM+kbZ ls vius gkFk jksdsa il mudks idM+ksa vkSj tgkW ikvks mudks d+Ry djks vkSj ;gh ogyksx gSa ftuij geus rqEgsa ljhgh x+yck vrk Q+jek;k ¼91½vkSj fdlh bZekunkj dks ;s tk;t+ ugha fd fdlh eksfeu dks tku ls ekj Mkys exj /kks[ks ls¼d+Ry fd;k gks rks nwljh ckr gS½ vkSj tks 'k[+l fdlh eksfeu dks /kks[ks ls ¼Hkh½ ekj Mkys rks¼mlij½ ,d bZekunkj xq+yke dk vkt+kn djuk vkSj ed+rwy ds d+jkcrnkjksa dks [kwau cgk nsuk¼ykft+e½ gS exj tc og yksx ekQ+ djsa fQj vxj ed+rwy mu yksxksa esa ls gks og tks rqEgkjsnq'keu ¼dkfQ+j gjch½ gSa vkSj [+kqn d+kfry eksfeu gS rks ¼flQZ½ ,d eqlyeku x+qyke dk vkt+kndjuk vkSj vxj ed+rwy mu ¼dkfQ+j½ yksxksa esa dk gks ftuls rqe ls ,gn o iSeku gks pqdk gSrks ¼d+kfry ij½ okfjls ed+rwy dks [+kwu cgk nsuk vkSj ,d cUn, eksfeu dk vkt+kn djuk¼okftc½ gS fQ+j tks 'k[+l ¼x+qyke vkt+kn djus dks½ u ik;s rks mldk dq+Q+kjk vYykg dh rjQ+ls yxkrkj nks eghus ds jkst+s gSa vkSj vYykg [+kwc okfdQ+dkj ¼vkSj½ fgder okyk gS ¼92½vkSj tks 'k[+l fdlh eksfeu dks tkucw> ds ekj Mkys ¼x+qyke dh vkt+knh oxSjg mldk dq+Q+kjkugha cfYd½ mldh lt+k nkst+d gS vkSj og mlesa ges'kk jgsxk mlij vYykg us ¼viuk½ x+t+c

esa tYnh u djks cfYd½ vPNh rjg tkWp dj fy;k djks vkSj tks 'k[+l ¼bt+gkjs bLyke dh x+jt+ls½ rqEgs lyke djs rks rqe cs lksps le>s u dg fn;k djks fd rw bZekunkj ugha gS ¼blls t+kfgjgksrk gS½ fd rqe ¼Q+D+r½ nqfu;koh vklkb'k dh reUuk j[krs gks exj blh cgkus d+Ry djds ywVyks vkSj ;s ugha le>rs fd ¼vxj ;gh gS½ rks vYykg ds ;gkW cgqr ls x+uhersa gSa ¼eqlyekuksa½igys rqe [+k+qn Hkh rks ,sls gh Fks fQj vYykg us rqeij ,glku fd;k ¼fd cs[kVds eqlyeku gksx,½ x+jt+ [+kwc Nkuchu dj fy;k djks cs'kd vYykg rqEgkjs gj dke ls [k+cjnkj gS ¼94½ekt+wj yksxksa ds flok tsgkn ls eqWg fNik ds ?kj esa cSBus okys vkSj vYykg dh jkg esa viustku o eky ls ftgkn djus okys gjfxt+ cjkcj ugha gks ldrs ¼cfYd½ vius tku o eky lsftgkn djus okyksa dks ?kj cSBs jgus okysa ij vYykg us njts ds ,rckj ls cM+h Q+t+hyr nh gS¼vxjps½ vYykg us lc bekunkjksa ls ¼[+okg ftgkn djsa ;k u djsa½ HkykbZ dk ok;nk dj fy;kgS exj x+kft+;ksa dks [kkuk u'khuksa ij vt+he lokc ds ,rckj ls vYykg us cM+h Q+t+hyr nh gS¼95½¼;kuh mUgsa½ viuh rjQ+ ls cM+s cM+s njts vkSj cf[+'k'k vkSj jger ¼vrk Q+jek,xk½ vkSj vYykgrks cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼96½cs'kd ftu yksxksa dh d+Cts+ :g Q+fj'rs us ml od+r dh gS fd ¼nk:y gjc esa iM+s½ viuhtkuksa ij t+qYe dj jgs Fks vkSj Q+fj'rs dCts+ :g ds ckn gSjr ls dgrs gSa rqe fdl ¼gkyr½x+Q+yr esa Fks rks og ¼ekt+sjr ds ygts esa½ dgrs gS fd ge rks :, t+ehu esa csdl Fks rksQ+fj'rs dgrs gSa fd vYykg dh ¼,slh yEch pkSM+h½ t+ehu esa bruh lh xqUtkb'k u Fkh fd rqe¼dgha½ fgtjr djds pys tkrs il ,sls yksxksa dk fBdkuk tgUuqe gS vkSj og cqjk fBdkuk gS¼97½exj tks enZ vkSj vkSjrsa vkSj cPps bl d+nj cscl gSa fd u rks ¼nk:y gjc ls fudyus dh½dkbZ rnchj dj ldrs gSa vkSj mudh fjgkbZ dh dksbZ jkg fn[kkbZ nsrh gS ¼98½rks mEehn gS fd vYykg ,sls yksxksa ls njxqt+js vkSj vYykg rks cM+k ekQ+ djus okyk vkSj c['kusokyk gS ¼99½vkSj tks 'k[+l vYykg dh jkg esa fgtjr djsxk rks og :, t+ehu esa ck Q+jkx+r ¼pSu ls jguslgus ds½ cgqr ls dq'kknk ed+ke ik,xk vkSj tks 'k[+l vius ?kj ls ftykoru gksds vYykg vkSjmlds jlwy dh rjQ+ fudy [+kM+k gqvk fQj mls ¼eaft+ys ed+lwn½ rd igqWpus ls igys ekSr vktk, rks vYykg ij mldk lokc ykft+e gks x;k vkSj vYykg rks cM+k c[+'k us okyk esgjckugS gh ¼100½

¼eqlyekuksa tc rqe :, t+ehu ij lQ+j djks½ vkSj rqedks bl vez dk [+kkSQ+ gks fd dq+Q+kj¼vluk, uekt+ esa½ rqels Q+lkn djsaxs rks mlesa rqEgkjs okLrs dqN eqt+k,d+k ugha fd uekt+ esa dqNde dj fn;k djks cs'kd dq+Q+kj rks rqEgkjs [+kqYye [+kqYyk nq'Eku gSa ¼101½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe eqlyekuksa esa ekStwn gks vkSj ¼yM+kbZ gks jgh gks½ fd rqe mudks uekt+ Ik

Hkh muds lkFk lkFk gS tc og yksx jkrksa dks ¼cSBdj½ mu ckrksa ds e'kojs djrs gSa ftulsvYykg jkt+h ugha vkSj vYykg rks mudh lc djrwrksa dks ¼bYe ds vgkrs esa½ ?ksjs gq, gS ¼108½¼eqlyekuksa½ [+kcjnkj gks tkvks Hkyk nqfu;k dh ¼t+jk lh½ ft+Unxh esa rks rqe mudh rjQ+ gksdjyM+us [kMs+ gks x, ¼exj ;s rks crkvks½ fQj d+;ker ds fnu mudk rjQ+nkj cudj vYykg lsdkSu yM+sxk ;k dkSu mudk odhy gksxk ¼109½vkSj tks 'k[+l dksbZ cqjk dke djs ;k ¼fdlh rjg½ vius u+l ij t+qYe djs mlds ckn vYykgls viuh ex+fQ+jr dh nqvk ekWxs rks vYykg dks cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku ik,xk ¼110½vkSj tks 'k[+l dksbZ xqukg djrk gS rks mlls dqN viuk gh uqd+lku djrk gS vkSj vYykg rks¼gj pht+ ls½ okfd+Q+ ¼vkSj½ cM+h rnchj okyk gS ¼111½vkSj tks 'k[+l dksbZ [+krk ;k xqukg djs fQj mls fdlh csd+lwj ds lj Fkksis rks mlus ,d cM+s¼bQ+rsjk½ vkSj ljhgh xqukg dks vius Åij ykn fy;k ¼112½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ vxj rqeij vYykg dk Q+t+y ¼o dje½ vkSj mldh esgjckuh u gksrh rks mu¼cnek'kksa½ esa ls ,d fxjksg rqedks xqejkg djus dk t+:j d+ln djrk gkykWfd og yksx clvius vki dks xqejkg dj jgs gSa vkSj ;g yksx rqEgsa dqN Hkh t+jj ugha igqWpk ldrs vkSj vYykggh us rks ¼esgjckuh dh fd½ rqeij viuh fdrkc vkSj fgder ukft+y dh vkSj tks ckrsa rqe ughatkurs Fks rqEgsa fl[kk nh vkSj rqe ij rks vYykg dk cM+k Q+t+y gS ¼113½¼,s jlwy½ muds jkt+ dh ckrksa esa vDlj esa HkykbZ ¼dk rks uke rd½ ugha exj ¼gkW½ tks “'k[+lfdlh dks lnd+k nsus ;k vPNs dke djs ;k yksxksa ds njfe;ku esy feyki djkus dk gqDe ns ¼rksvycRrk ,d ckr gS½ vkSj tks 'k[+l ¼egt+½ vYykg dh [+kq'kuwnh dh [+okfg'k esa ,sls dkedjsxk rks ge vud+jhc gh mls cM+k vPNk cnyk vrk Qjek,axs ¼114½vkSj tks 'k[+l jkgs jkLr ds t+kfgj gksus ds ckn jlwy ls ljd'kh djs vkSj eksfeuhu ds rjhd+s dsflok fdlh vkSj jkg ij pys rks ft/kj og fQj x;k gS ge Hkh m/kj gh Qsj nsaxs vkSj ¼vkf[+kj½mls tgUuqe esa >ksad nsaxs vkSj og rks cgqr gh cqjk fBdkuk ¼115½vYykg cs'kd mldks rks ugha c[+'krk fd mldk dksbZ vkSj 'kjhd cuk;k tk, gkW mlds flok tksxqukg gks ftldks pkgs c[+'k ns vkSj ¼ekt+ vYykg½ ftlus fdlh dks vYykg dk 'kjhd cuk;k rksog cl HkVd ds cgqr nwj tk iM+k ¼116½

eq'kjsdhu vYykg dks NksM+dj cl vkSjrksa gh dh ijlfr'k djrs gS a ¼;kuh cqrksa dh tks muds½[+;ky esa vkSjrsa gSa ¼nj gd+hd+r½ ;ss yksx ljd'k 'kSrku dh ijlfr'k djrs gSa ¼117½ftlij vYykg us ykur dh gS vkSj ftlus ¼bfCrnk gh esa½ dgk Fkk fd ¼vYykgoUnk½ eSa rsjscUnksas esa ls dqN [+kkl yksxksa dks ¼viuh rjQ½ t+:j ys ywwaxk ¼118½vkSj fQj mUgsa t+:j xqejkg d:Wxk vkSj mUgsa cM+h cM+h mEehnsa Hkh t+:j fnykÅWxk vkSj ;d+huumUgsa fl[kk nwaxk fQj oks ¼cqrksa ds okLrs½ tkuojksa ds dke t+:j phj QkM+ djsaxs vkSj vycRrkmuls dg nwaxk cl fQj oks ¼esjh rkyhe ds eqokfQ+d+½ vYykg dh cukbZ gq;h lwjr dks t+:jcny Mkysaxs vkSj ¼;s ;kn jgs fd½ ftlus vYykg dks NksM+dj 'kSrku dks viuk ljijLr cuk;krks mlus [kqYye [kqYyk l[+r ?kkVk mBk;k ¼119½'kSrku muls vPNs vPNs ok;ns Hkh djrk gS ¼vkSj cM+h cM+h½ mEehnsa Hkh fnykrk gS vkSj 'kSrkumuls tks dqN ok;ns Hkh djrk gS og cl fujk /kks[kk ¼gh /kks[kk½ gS ¼120½;gh rks og yksx gSa ftudk fBdkuk cl tgUuqe gS vkSj ogkW ls Hkkxus dh txg Hkh u ik,axs¼121½vkSj ftu yksxksa us bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, mUgsa ge vud+jhc gh ¼csfg'rds½ mu ¼gjs Hkjs½ ckx+ksa esa tk igqWpk,xsa ftuds ¼nj[+rksa ds½ uhps ugjsa tkjh gksaxh vkSj ;s yksxmlesa ges'kk vkcknqy vkckn rd jgsaxs ¼;s muls½ vYykg dk iDdk ok;nk gS vkSj vYykg lsT+;knk ¼viuh½ ckr esa lPpk dkSu gksxk ¼122½u rqe yksxksa dh vkjt+w ls ¼dqN dke py ldrk gS½ u ,gys fdrkc dh reUuk ls dqN gkflygks ldrk gS cfYd ¼tSlk dke oSlk nke½ tks cqjk dke djsxk mls mldk cnyk fn;k tk,xk vkSjfQj vYykg ds flok fdlh dks u rks viuk ljijLr ik,xk vkSj u ennxkj ¼123½vkSj tks 'k[+l vPNs vPNs dke djsxk ¼[+okg½ enZ gks ;k vkSjr vkSj bZekunkj ¼Hkh½ gks rks ,slsyksx csfg'r esa ¼cs[kVds½ tk igqWpsaxs vkSj muij fry Hkh t+qYe u fd;k tk,xk ¼124½vkSj ml 'k[+l ls nhu esa csgrj dkSu gksxk ftlus vYykg ds lkeus viuk ljs rlyhe >qdk fn;kvkSj usdks dkj Hkh gS vkSj bcjkghe ds rjhds ij pyrk gS tks ckfry ls drjk dj pyrs FksvkSj vYykg us bczkfge dks rks viuk [+kfyl nksLr cuk fy;k ¼125½

vkSj tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS ¼x+jt+ lc dqN½ vYykg gh dk gS vkSjvYykg gh lc pht+ dks ¼viuh½ dq+njr ls ?ksjs gq, gS ¼126½¼,s jlwy½ ;s yksx rqels ¼;rhe yM+fd;ksa½ ls fudkg ds ckjs esa Q+rok ryc djrs gSa rqe mulsdg nks fd vYykg rqEgsa muls ¼fudkg djus½ dh btkt+r nsrk gS vkSj tks gqDe eukgh dk dq+jkuesa rqEgsa ¼igys½ lquk;k tk pqdk gS og gd+hd+ru mu ;rhe yM+fd;ksa ds okLrs Fkk ftUgsaa rqemudk eqv¸;u fd;k gqvk gd+ ugha nsrs vkSj pkgrs gks ¼fd ;Ww gh½ muls fudkg dj yks vkSj mudet+ksj ukrokW ¿detksjÀ cPpksa ds ckjs esa gqDe Q+jekrk gS vkSj ¼oks½ ;s gS fd rqe ;rheksa dsgqd+wd+ ds ckjs esa bUlkQ ij d+k;e jgks vkSj ¼;d+hu j[kks fd½ tks dqN rqe usdh djksxs rksvYykg t+:j okfd+Q+dkj gS ¼127½vkSj vxj dksbZ vkSjr vius 'kkSgj dh T+;knrh o csroTtksgh ls ¼rykd+ dk½ [+kkSQ+ j[krh gks rksfe;kW choh ds ckge fdlh rjg feyki dj ysus esa nksuksa ¼eas ls fdlh ij½ dqN xqukg ugha gSvkSj lqyg rks ¼cgjgky½ csgrj gS vkSj cq[+y ls rks d+jhc d+jhc gj rfc;r ds ge igyw gSvkSj vxj rqe usdh djks vkSj ijgstnkjh djks rks vYykg rqEgkjs gj dke ls [+kcjnkj gS ¼oghrqedks vtz nsxk½ ¼128½vkSj vxjps rqe cgqrsjk pkgks ¼ysfdu½ rqeesa bruh ldr rks gjfxt+ ugha gS fd viuh dbZ chfo;ksaesa ¼iwjk iwjk½ bUlkQ+ dj ldks ¼exj½ ,slk Hkh rks u djks fd ¼,d gh dh rjQ+½ gekru ek,ygks tkvks fd ¼nwljh dks v/kM+ esa½ yVdh gq;h NksM+ nks vkSj vxj ckge esy dj yks vkSj¼T+;knrh ls½ cps jgks rks vYykg ;d+huu cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼129½vkSj vxj nksuksa fe;kW choh ,d nwljs ls ckt+fj, rykd+ tqnk gks tk,W rks vYykg vius olh[+kt+kus ls ¼Q+jkxq+y ckyh vrk Q+jekdj½ nksuksa dks ¼,d nwljs ls½ csfu;kt+ dj nsxk vkSj vYykgrks cM+h xqUtkb'k vkSj rnchj okyk gS vkSj tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS¼x+jt lc dqN½ vYykg gh dk gS ¼130½vkSj ftu yksxksa dks rqels igys fdrkcs vYykg vrk dh x;h gS mudks vkSj rqedks Hkh mldhgeus olh;r dh Fkh fd ¼vYykg½ ¼dh ukQ+jekuh½ ls Mjrs jgks vkSj vxj ¼dgha½ rqeus dqÝ+b[+rs;kj fd;k rks ¼;kn jgs fd½ tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS ¼x+jt lcdqN½ vYykg gh dk gS ¼tks pkgs dj ldrk gS½ vkSj vYykg rks lcls csijok vkSj ¼gekflQ+r½ ekSlwQ+ gj gEn okyk gS ¼131½

tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS ¼x+jt lc dqN½ [+kkl vYykg gh dk gS vkSjvYykg rks dkjlkt+h ds fy;s dkQ+h gS ¼132½,s yksxksa vxj vYykg pkgs rks rqedks ¼nqfu;k ds ijns ls½ fcYdqy mBk ys vkSj ¼rqEgkjs cnys½nwljksa dks yk ¼clk,½ vkSj vYykg rks blij d+kfnj o rokuk gS ¼133½vkSj tks 'k[+l ¼vius vkeky dk½ cnyk nqfu;k gh esa pkgrk gS rks vYykg ds ikl nqfu;k ovkf[+kjr nksuksa dk vtz ekStwn gS vkSj vYykg rks gj 'k[+l dh lqurk vkSj lcdks ns[krk gS ¼134½,s bZekuokyksa et+cwrh ds lkFk bUlkQ+ ij d+k;e jgks vkSj vYykg ds y;s xokgh nks vxjps ¼;sxokgh½ [+qkn rqEgkjs ;k rqEgkjs ekW cki ;k d+jkcrnkjksa ds fy, f[kykQ+ ¼gh D;ks½ u gks [+okgekynkj gks ;k eksgrkt ¼D;ksafd½ vYykg rks ¼rqEgkjh cfuLcr½ muij T+;knk esgjcku gS rks rqe¼gd+ ls½ drjkus esa [+okfg'ks uQ+fl;kuh dh iSjoh u djks vkSj vxj ?kqek fQjk ds xokgh nksxs ;kfcYdqy bUdkj djksxs rks ¼;kn jgs tSlh djuh oSlh Hkjuh D;ksafd½ tks dqN rqe djrs gks [+kqnmlls [+kwc okfd+Q+ gS ¼135½,s bZekuokyksa vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ¼eksgEen½ ij vkSj mldh fdrkc ij tks mlus vius jlwy¼eksgEen½ ij ukft+y dh gS vkSj ml fdrkc ij tks mlus igys ukft+y dh bZeku ykvks vkSj ¼;sHkh ;kn jgs fd½ tks 'k[+l vYykg vkSj mlds Q+fj'rksa vkSj mldh fdrkcksa vkSj mlds jlwyksa vkSjjkst+s vkf[+kjr dk eqfUdj gqvk rks og jkgs jkLr ls HkVd ds twj tk iM+k ¼136½cs'kd tks yksx bZeku yk, mlds ckn fQ+j dkfQ+j gks x, fQj bZeku yk, vkSj fQj mlds ckndkfQ+j gks x;s vkSj dqÝ+ esa c

ojuk rqe Hkh ml oD+r muds cjkcj gks tkvksxs mlesa rks 'kd gh ugha fd vYykg rekeequkfQ+d+ksa vkSj dkfQ+jksa dks ¼,d u ,d fnu½ tgUuqe esa tek gh djsxk ¼140½¼oks equkQ+sdhu½ tks rqEgkjs eqUrft+j gS ¼fd nsf[k, Q+rsg gksrh gS ;k f'kdLr½ rks vxj vYykg dhrjQ+ ls rqEgsa Q+rsg gq;h rks dgus yxs fd D;k ge rqEgkjs lkFk u Fks vkSj vxj ¼Q+rsg dk½fgLlk dkfQ+jksa dks feyk rks ¼dkfQ+jksa ds rjQ+nkj cudj½ dgrs gSa D;k ge rqeij x+kfyc u vkx, Fks ¼exj d+lnu rqedks NksM+ fn;k½ vkSj rqedks eksfeuhu ¼ds gkFkksa½ ls geus cpk;k ugha Fkk¼equkfQ+d+ksa½ d+;ker ds fnu rks vYykg rqEgkjs njfe;ku QS+lyk djsxk vkSj vYykg us dkfQ+jksa dkseksfeuhu ij oj ¿Å¡pkÀ jgus dh gjfxt+ dksbZ jkg ugha d+jkj nh gS ¼141½cs'kd equkfQ+d+hu ¼vius [+;ky esa½ vYykg dks Qjsc nsrs gSa gkykWfd vYykg [+kqn mUgsa /kks[kk nsrkgS vkSj ;s yksx tc uekt+ Ikwy jgs gSa u mu ¼eqlyekuksa½ dh rjQ+ u mu dkfQ+jksadh rjQ+ vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ ftls vYykg xqejkgh esa NksM+ ns mldh ¼fgnk;r dh½ rqe gjfxt+ lchyugha dj ldrs ¼143½,s bZeku okyksa eksfeuhu dks NksM+dj dkfQ+jksa dks ¼viuk½ ljijLr u cukvks D;k ;s rqe pkgrs gksfd vYykg dk ljhgh bYt+ke vius lj d+k;e dj yks ¼144½blesa rks 'kd gh ugha fd equkfQ+d tgUuqe ds lcls uhps rcds+ es a gksaxs vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ogkWfdlh dks mudk fgek;rh Hkh u ikvksxs ¼145½exj ¼gkW½ ftu yksxksa us ¼fuQ+kd+ ls½ rkSck dj yh vkSj viuh gkyr nq:Lr dj yh vkSj vYykgls yxs fyiVs jgs vkSj vius nhu dks egt+ vYykg ds okLrs fujk [kjk dj fy;k rks ;s yksxeksfeuhu ds lkFk ¼csfg'r esa½ gksaxs vkSj eksfeuhu dks vYykg vud+jhc gh cM+k ¼vPNk½ cnykvrk Q+jek,xk ¼146½vxj rqeus vYykg dk 'kqØ fd;k vkSj mlij bZeku yk, rks vYykg rqe ij vt+kc djds D;kdjsxk cfYd vYykg rks ¼[+kqn 'kqØ djus okyksa dk½ d+njnkW vkSj okfd+Q+dkj gS ¼147½vYykg ¼fdlh dks½ gkWd iqdkj dj cqjk dgus dks ilUn ugha djrk exj et+ywe ¼t+kfye dhcqjkbZ c;ku dj ldrk gS½ vkSj vYykg rks ¼lcdh½ lqurk gS ¼vkSj gj ,d dks½ tkurk gS¼148½

vxj [kqYye [kqYyk usdh djrs gks ;k fNik dj ;k fdlh dh cqjkbZ ls njxqt+j djrs gks rks rksvYykg Hkh cM+k njxqt+j djus okyk ¼vkSj½ d+kfnj gS ¼149½cs'kd tks yksx vYykg vkSj mlds jlwyksa ls bUdkj djrs gSa vkSj vYykg vkSj mlds jlwyksa esarQ+jd+k Mkyuk pkgrs gSa vkSj dgrs gSa fd ge ckt+ ¼iSx+Ecjksa½ ij bZeku yk, gSa vkSj ckt+ dkbUdkj djrs gSa vkSj pkgrs gSa fd bl ¼dqÝ+ o beku½ ds njfe;ku ,d nwljh jkg fudysa ¼150½;gh yksx gd+hd+ru dkfQ+j gSa vkSj geus dkfQ+jksa ds okLrs ft+Yyr nsus okyk vt+kc rS;kj djj[kk gS ¼151½vkSj tks yksx vYykg vkSj mlds jlwyksa ij bZeku yk, vkSj muesa ls fdlh esa rQ+jd+k ugha djrsrks ,sls gh yksxksa dks vYykg cgqr tYn mudk vtz vrk Q+jek,xk vkSj vYykg rks cM+k c[+'kusokyk esgjcku gS ¼152½¼,s jlwy½ ,gys fdrkc ¼;gwnh½ tks rqels ¼;s½ nj[+okLr djrs gSa fd rqe muij ,d fdrkcvkleku ls mrjok nks ¼rqe mldk [+;ky u djks D;ksafd½ ;s yksx ewlk ls rks blls dgha c

dj Mkyk gkykWfd u rks mu yksxksa us mls d+Ry gh fd;k u lwyh gh nh muds fy, ¼,d nwljk'k[+l bZlk½ ls eq'kkcsg dj fn;k x;k vkSj tks yksx bl ckjs esa b[+rsykQ+ djrs gSa ;d+huu ogyksx ¼mlds gkyr½ dh rjQ+ ls /kks[ks esa ¼vk iM+s½ gSa mudks ml ¼okfd+;s½ dh [+kcj gh ughaexj Q+D+r vVdy ds ihNs ¼iM+s½ gSa vkSj bZlk dks mu yksxksa us ;d+huu d+Ry ugha fd;k ¼157½cfYd vYykg us mUgsa viuh rjQ+ mBk fy;k vkSj vYykg rks cM+k t+cjnLr rnchj okyk gS¼158½vkSj ¼tc bZlk esgnh ekSÅn ds t+gwj ds oD+r vkleku ls mrjsaxs rks½ ,gys fdrkc esa ls dksbZ'k[+l ,slk u gksxk tks muij muds ejus ds d+Cy bZeku u yk, vkSj [+kqn bZlk d+;ker ds fnumuds f[k+ykQ+ xokgh nsaxs ¼159½x+jt+ ;gwn;ksa dh ¼mu lc½ 'kjkjrksa vkSj xqukg dh otg ls geus muij og lkQ+ lqFkjh phts+sa tksmuds fy, gyky dh x;h Fkha gjke dj nh vkSj muds vYykg dh jkg ls cgqr ls yksxksa dksjksdus fd otg ls Hkh ¼160½vkSj ckotwn eqekfuvr lwn [kk ysus vkSj ukgd+ t+cjnLrh yksxksa ds eky [kkus dh otg ls muesals ftu yksxksa us dqÝ+ b[+rs;kj fd;k muds okLrs geus nnZukd vt+kc rS;kj dj j[kk gS ¼161½ysfdu ¼,s jlwy½ muesa ls tks yksx bYe ¼nhu½ esa cM+s et+cwr ik, ij Q+k;t+ gSa og vkSj bZekuokys rks tks ¼fdrkc½ rqeij ukft+y gq;h gS ¼lc ij bZeku j[krs gSa½ vkSj ls uekt+ Ik

exj vYykg rks bl ij xokgh nsrk gS tks dqN rqe ij ukft+y fd;k gS [+kwc le> cw> djukft+y fd;k gS ¼cfYd½ mldh xokgh rks Q+fj'rs rd nsrs gSa gkykWfd vYykg xokgh ds fy,dkQ+h gS ¼166½cs'kd ftu yksxksa us dqÝ+ b[+rs;kj fd;k vkSj vYykg dh jkg ls ¼yksxksa½ dks jksdk og jkgs jkLrls HkVd ds cgqr nwj tk iMs+ ¼167½cs'kd ftu yksxksa us dqÝ+ b[+rs;kj fd;k vkSj ¼ml ij½ t+qYe ¼Hkh½ djrs jgs u rks vYykg mudksc[+'ksxk gh vkSj u gh mUgsa fdlh rjhd+s dh fgnk;r djsxk ¼168½exj ¼gkW½ tgUuqe dk jkLrk ¼fn[kk nsxk½ ftlesa ;s yksx ges'kk ¼iMs+½ jgsaxs vkSj ;s rks vYykgds okLrs cgqr gh vklku ckr gS ¼169½,s yksxksa rqEgkjs ikl rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ls jlwy ¼eksgEen½ nhus gd+ ds lkFk vk pqds gSabZeku ykvks ¼;gh½ rqEgkjs gd+ esa csgrj gS vkSj vxj bUdkj djksxs rks ¼le> j[kks fd½ tks dqNt+ehu vkSj vklekuksa esa gS lc vYykg gh dk gS vkSj vYykg cM+k okfd+Q+dkj gdhe gS ¼170½,s ,gys fdrkc vius nhu esa gn ¼,rnky½ ls rtkoqt+ u djks vkSj vYykg dh 'kku esa lp dsflok ¼dksbZ nwljh ckr½ u dgks efj;e ds csVs bZlk elhg ¼u vYykg Fks u vYykg ds csVs½ ilvYykg ds ,d jlwy vkSj mlds dyes ¼gqDe½ Fks ftls vYykg us efj;e ds ikl Hkst fn;k Fkk¼fd gkeyk gks tk½ vkSj vYykg dh rjQ+ ls ,d tku Fks il vYykg vkSj mlds jlwyksa ijbZeku ykvks vkSj rhu ¼vYykg½ ds d+k;y u cuks ¼rlyhl ls½ ckt+ jgks ¼vkSj½ viuh HkykbZ¼rkSghn½ dk d+ln djks vYykg rks cl ;Drk ekcwn gS og ml ¼uqD+l½ ls ikd o ikdht+k gSmldk dksbZ yM+dk gks ¼mls yM+ds dh gktr gh D;k gS½ tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqNt+ehu esa gS lc rks mlh dk gS vkSj vYykg rks dkjlkt+h esa dkQ+h gS ¼171½u rks elhg gh vYykg dk cUnk gksus ls gjfxt+ bUdkj dj ldrs gSa vkSj u ¼vYykg ds½ eqd+jZjQ+fj'rs vkSj ¼;kn jgs½ tks 'k[+l mlds cUnk gksus ls bUdkj djsxk vkSj 'ks[+kh djsxk rks vud+jhcgh vYykg mu lcdks viuh rjQ+ mBk ysxk ¼vkSj gj ,d dks mlds dke dh lt+k nsxk½ ¼172½il ftu yksxksa us bZeku dq+cwy fd;k gS vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke fd, gSa mudk mUgssa lokc iwjkiwjk Hkj nsxk cfYd vius Q+t+y ¼o dje½ ls dqN vkSj T+;knk gh nsxk vkSj yksx mldk cUnkgksus ls bUdkj djrs Fks vkSj 'ks[+kh djrs Fks mUgsa rks nnZukd vt+kc esa eqfCryk djsxk ¼173½

vkSj yqRQ+ ;s gS fd og yksx vYykg ds flok u viuk ljijLr gh ik,Wxs vkSj u ennxkj¼174½,s yksxksa blesa rks 'kd gh ugha fd rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ls ¼nhus gd+ dh½ nyhy vk pqdhvkSj ge rqEgkjs ikl ,d pedrk gqvk uwj ukft+y dj pqds gSa ¼175½il tks yksx vYykg ij bZeku yk, vkSj mlh ls yxs fyiVs jgs rks vYykg Hkh mUgsa vud+jhcgh viuh jger o Q+t+y ds lknkc ckx+ks esa igqWpk nsxk vkSj mUgs vius gqt+wjh dk lh/kk jkLrkfn[kk nsxk ¼176½¼,s jlwy½ rqels yksx Q+rok ryc djrs gSa rqe dg nks fd dykyk ¼HkkbZ cgu½ ds ckjs esavYykg rks [+kqn rqEgs Q+rok nsrk gS fd vxj dksbZ ,slk 'k[+l ej tk, fd mlds u dksbZ yM+dkckyk gks ¼u ekW cki½ vkSj mlds ¼flQZ½ ,d cgu gks rks mldk rdsZ ls vk/kk gksxk ¼vkSj vxj;s cgu ej tk,½ vkSj mlds dksbZ vkSykn u gks ¼u ekW cki½ rks mldk okfjl cl ;gh HkkbZgksxk vkSj vxj nks cgusa ¼T+;knk½ gksa rks mudks ¼HkkbZ ds½ rdsZ ls nks frgkbZ feysxk vkSj vxjfdlh ds okfjl HkkbZ cgu nksuksa ¼feys tqys½ gksa rks enZ dks vkSjr ds fgLls dk nqxuk feysxk rqeyksxksa ds HkVdus ds [+;ky ls vYykg vius ,gdke okts+, djds c;ku Q+jekrk gS vkSj vYykgrks gj pht+ ls okfd+Q+ gS ¼177½

5 lwjg vy ek,ng ¼[+oku½lwjg vy ek,ng ¼[k+oku½ enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ,d lkS chl vk;rs gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s bZekunkjksa ¼vius½ bd+jkjksa dks iwjk djks ¼ns[kks½ rqEgkjs okLrs pkSik, tkuoj gyky dj fn;s x;smu ds flok tks rqedks Ik

fy, l/kk j[ksa gS vkSj tks ¼rjhds+½ vYykg us rqEgsa crk;ss gSa muesa ds dqN rqeus mu tkuojksa dksHkh fl[kk;k gks rks ;s f'kdkjh tkuoj ftl f'kdkj dks rqEgkjs fy, idM+ j[ksa mldks ¼csrkEeqy½[kkvks vkSj ¼tkuoj dks NksaM+rs oD+r½ vYykg dk uke ys fy;k djks vkSj vYykg ls Mjrs jgks¼D;ksafd½ blesa rks 'kd gh ugha fd vYykg cgqr tYn fglkc ysus okyk gS ¼4½vkt reke ikdht+k phtsa+ rqEgkjs fy, gyky dj nh x;h gSa vkSj ,gys fdrkc dh [+kq'd phts+axsgwW ¼oxSjg½ rqEgkjs fy, gyky gSa vkSj rqEgkjh [+kq'd phtsa+ xsgWw ¼oxSjg½ muds fy, gyky gSa vkSjvkt+kn ikd nkeu vkSjrsa vkSj mu yksxksa esa dh vkt+kn ikd nkeu vkSjrsa ftudks rqels igysfdrkc nh tk pqdh gS tc rqe mudks muds esgj ns nks ¼vkSj½ ikd nkfeuh dk bjknk djks u rks[kqYye [kqYyk ft+ukdkjh dk vkSj u pksjh fNis ls vk'kukbZ dk vkSj ftl 'k[+l us bZeku ls bUdkjfd;k rks mldk lc fd;k ¼/kjk½ vdkjr gks x;k vkSj ¼rqYQ+ rks ;s gS fd½ vk[+ksjr esa Hkh ogh?kkVs esa jgsxk ¼5½,s bekunkjksa tc rqe uekt+ ds fy;s vkeknk gks rks vius eqWg vkSj dksgfu;ksa rd gkFk /kks fy;kdjks vkSj vius ljksa dk vkSj V[kuksa rd ikWoksa dk elkg dj fy;k djks vkSj vxj rqe gkyrstukcr esa gks rks rqe rgkjr ¼x+qLy½ dj yks ¼gkW½ vkSj vxj rqe chekj gks ;k lQ+j esa gks ;krqeesa ls fdlh dks iS[k+kuk fudy vk, ;k vkSjrksa ls gefcLrjh dh gks vkSj rqedks ikuh u feylds rks ikd [+kkd ls rSewe dj yks ;kfu ¼nksuksa gkFk ekjdj½ mlls vius eqWg vkSj vius gkFkksadk elk dj yks ¼ns[kks rks vYykg us dSlh vklkuh dj nh½ vYykg rks ;s pkgrk gh ugha fdrqe ij fdlh rjg dh raxh djs cfYd oks ;s pkgrk gS fd ikd o ikdht+k dj ns vkSj rqeijviuh usvers iwjh dj ns rkfd rqe 'kqØxqt+kj cu tkvks ¼6½vkSj tks ,glkukr vYykg us rqeij fd, gSa mudks vkSj ml ¼,gn o iSeku½ dks ;kn djks ftldkrqels iDdk bd+jkj ys pqdk gS tc rqeus dgk Fkk fd geus ¼,gdkes vYykg dks½ lquk vkSj fnyls eku fy;k vkSj vYykg ls Mjrs jgks D;ksafd blesa t+jk Hkh 'kd ugha fd vYykg fnyksa dsjkt+ ls Hkh ck[+kcj gS ¼7½,s bZekunkjksa vYykg ¼dh [+kq'kuwnh½ ds fy, bUlkQ+ ds lkFk xokgh nsus ds fy, rS;kj jgks vkSjrqEgsa fdlh d+chys dh vnkor bl tqeZ esa u QWlok ns fd rqe ukbUlkQh djus yxks ¼[+kcjnkjcfYd½ rqe ¼gj gky esa½ bUlkQ+ djks ;gh ijgst+xkjh ls cgqr d+jhc gS vkSj vYykg ls MjksD;ksafd tks dqN rqe djrs gks ¼vPNk ;k cqjk½ vYykg mls t+:j tkurk gS ¼8½vkSj ftu yksxksa us bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, vYykg us ok;nk fd;k gS fdmuds fy, ¼vkf[+kjr esa½ ex+Qs+jr vkSj cM+k lokc gS ¼9½

vkSj ftu yksxksa us dqÝ+ b[+rs;kj fd;k vkSj gekjh vk;rksa dks >qByk;k og tgUuqeh gSa ¼¼10½,s bekunkjksa vYykg us tks ,glkukr rqeij fd, gSa mudks ;kn djks vkSj [+kwlwlu tc ,d d+chysus rqe ij nLr njkt+h dk bjknk fd;k Fkk rks vYykg us muds gkFkksa dks rqe rd igqWpus ls jksdfn;k vkSj vYykg ls Mjrs jgks vkSj eksfeuhu dks vYykg gh ij Hkjkslk j[kuk pkfg, ¼11½vkSj blesa Hkh 'kd ugha fd vYykg us cuh bljkbZy ls ¼Hkh bZeku dk½ ,gn o iSeku ys fy;kFkk vkSj ge ¼vYykg½ us buesa ds ckjg ljnkj muij eqd+jZj fd, vkSj vYykg us cuh bljkbZy lsQ+jek;k Fkk fd eSa rks ;d+huu rqEgkjs lkFk gWw vxj rqe Hkh ikcUnh ls uekt+ Ik

tks yksx mlds d+k;y gSa fd efj;e ds csVs elhg cl vYykg gSa og t+:j dkfQ+j gks x, ¼,sjlwy½ muls iwWNks rks fd Hkyk vxj vYykg efj;e ds csVs elhg vkSj mudh ekW dks vkSj ftrusyksx t+ehu esa gSa lcdks ekj Mkyuk pkgs rks dkSu ,slk gS ftldk vYykg ls Hkh t+ksj pys ¼vkSjjksd ns½ vkSj lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu esa vkSj tks dqN Hkh muds njfE;ku esa gS lc vYykg ghdh lYrur gS tks pkgrk gS iSnk djrk gS vkSj vYykg rks gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼17½vkSj uljkuh vkSj ;gwnh rks dgrs gSa fd ge gh vYykg ds csVs vkSj mlds pgsrs gSa ¼,s jlwy½muls rqe dg nks ¼fd vxj ,slk gS½ rks fQj rqEgsa rqEgkjs xqukgksa dh lt+k D;ksa nsrk gS ¼rqEgkjk[+;ky yx+ks gS½ cfYd rqe Hkh mldh e[+kywd+kr ls ,d c'kj gks vYykg ftls pkgsxk c[+k nsxkvkSj ftldks pkgsxk lt+k nsxk vkleku vkSj t+ehu vkSj tks dqN mu nksuksa ds njfE;ku esa gS lcvYykg gh dk eqYd gS vkSj lcdks mlh dh rjQ+ ykSV dj tkuk gS ¼18½,s ,gys fdrkc tc iSx+Ecjksa dh vken esa cgqr :dkoV gq;h rks gekjk jlwy rqEgkjs ikl vk;ktks ,gdkes vYykg dks lkQ+ lkQ+ c;ku djrk gS rkfd rqe dgha ;s u dg cSBks fd gekjs iklrks u dksbZ [+kq'k[+kcjh nsus okyk ¼iSx+Ecj½ vk;k u ¼vt+kc ls½ Mjkus okyk vc rks ¼;s ugha dgldrs D;ksafd½ ;d+huu rqEgkjs ikl [+kq'k[+kcjh nsus okyk vkSj Mjkus okyk iSx+Ecj vk x;k vkSjvYykg gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼19½,s jlwy mudks og oD+r ;kn ¼fnykvks½ tc ewlk us viuh d+kSe ls dgk Fkk fd ,s esjh d+kSetks usvers vYykg us rqedks nh gS mldks ;kn djks blfy, fd mlus rqEgha yksxksa ls cgqrsjs iSx+Ecjcuk, vkSj rqe gh yksxksa dks ckn'kkg ¼Hkh½ cuk;k vkSj rqEgsa og usversa nh gSa tks lkjh vYykg;hesa fdlh ,d dks u nha ¼20½,s esjh d+kSe ¼'kke½ dh ml eqd+n~nl t+ehu esa tkvks tgkW vYykg us rqEgkjh rd+nhj esa ¼gqdwer½fy[k nh gS vkSj nq'keu ds eqd+kcys ihB u Qsjks ¼D;ksafd½ blesa rks rqe [+kqn myVk ?kkVk mBkvksxs¼21½og yksx dgus yxs fd ,s ewlk bl eqYd essa rks cM+s t+cjnLr ¼ljd'k½ yksx jgrs gSa vkSj tcrd og yksx blesa ls fudy u tk,W ge rks mlesa dHkh ikWo Hkh u j[ksaxs gkW vxj og yksx[+kqn blesa ls fudy tk,W rks vycRrk ge t+:j tk,Wxs ¼22½¼exj½ og vkneh ¼;w'kk dkfyc½ tks vYykg dk [+kkSQ+ j[krs Fks vkSj ftuij vYykg us [k+klviuk Q+t+y ¼dje½ fd;k Fkk cs/kM+d cksy mBs fd ¼vjs½ muij geyk djds ¼cSrqy eqd+nl dsQkVd esa rks ?kql iM+ks fQj ns[kks rks ;g ,sls cksns gSa fd½ b/kj rqe QkVd esa ?kqls vkSj ¼;s lc

Hkkx [kM+s gq, vkSj½ rqEgkjh thr gks x;h vkSj vxj lPps bZekunkj gks rks vYykg gh ij Hkjkslkj[kks ¼23½og dgus yxs ,d ewlk ¼pkgs tks dqN gks½ tc rd og yksx blesa gSa ge rks mlesa gjfxt+¼yk[k cjl½ ikWo u j[kasxs gkW rqe tkvks vkSj rqEgkjk vYykg tk, vksj nksuksa ¼tkdj½ yM+ks gerks ;gha tes cSBs gSa ¼24½rc ewlk us vt+Z dh vYykgoUnk rw [+kwc okfd+Q+ gS fd viuh t+krs [+kkl vkSj vius HkkbZ dsflok fdlh ij esjk d+kcw ugha cl vc gekjs vkSj mu ukQ+jeku yksxksa ds njfe;ku tqnkbZ Mky ns¼25½gekjk mudk lkFk ugha gks ldrk ¼vYykg us Q+jek;k½ ¼vPNk½ rks mudh lt+k ;g gS fd mudkspkyhl cjl rd dh gqdwer ulhc u gksxk ¼vkSj ml eqn~nrs njkt+ rd½ ;g yksx ¼felz ds½taxy esa ljxjnkW jgsaxs rks fQj rqe bu cnpyu cUnksa ij vQ+lksl u djuk ¼26½¼,s jlwy½ rqe bu yksxksa ls vkne ds nks csVksa ¼gkchy] d+kchy½ dk lPpk d+Ln c;ku dj nks fdtc mu nksuksa us vYykg dh njxkg esa fu;kt+sa ps t+:j ekj Mkywaaaaaxk mlus tokc fn;k fd ¼HkkbZ blesa viuk D;k cl gS½ vYykg rksflQZ ijgst+xkjksa dh ut+j dq+cwy djrk gS ¼27½vxj rqe esjs d+Ry ds bjkns ls esjh rjQ+ viuk gkFk c

lh lcc ls rks geus cuh bljkbZy ij okftc dj fn;k Fkk fd tks “'k[+l fdlh dks u tkuds cnys esa vkSj u eqYd esa Q+lkn QSykus dh lt+k esa ¼cfYd ukgd+½ d+Ry dj Mkysxk rks xks;kmlus lc yksxksa dks d+Ry dj Mkyk vkSj ftlus ,d vkneh dks ftyk fn;k rks xks;k mlus lcyksxksa dks ftyk fy;k vkSj mu ¼cuh bljkbZy½ ds ikl rks gekjs iSx+Ecj ¼dSls dSls½ jkS'ku ekSftt+sysdj vk pqds gSa ¼exj½ fQj mlds ckn Hkh ;d+huu mlesa ls cgqrsjs t+ehu ij T+;knfr;kW djrsjgs ¼32½tks yksx vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ls yM+rs fHkM+rs gSa ¼vkSj ,gdke dks ugha ekurs½ vkSj Q+lknQSykus dh x+jt+ ls eqYdks ¼eqYdks½ nkSM+rs fQjrs gSa mudh lt+k cl ;gh gS fd ¼pqu pqudj½ ;krks ekj Mkys tk,W ;k mUgsa lwyh ns nh tk, ;k muds gkFk ikWo gsj Qsj dj ,d rjQ+ dk gkFknwljh rjQ+ dk ikWo dkV Mkys tk,W ;k mUgsa ¼vius oru dh½ ljt+ehu ls 'kgj cnj dj fn;ktk, ;g :lokbZ rks mudh nqfu;k esa gq;h vkSj fQj vk[+ksjr esa rks muds fy, cgqr cM+k vt+kcgh gS ¼33½exj ¼gkW½ ftu yksxksa us blls igys fd rqe buij d+kcw ikvks rkSck dj yhs rks mudk xqukg c[+'kfn;k tk,xk D;ksafd le> yks fd vYykg cs'kd cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼34½,s bZekunkjksa vYykg ls Mjrs jgks vkSj mlds ¼rd+jZc ¿d+jhc gksusÀ ds½ t+fj;s dh tqLrtw esa jgksvkSj mldh jkg esa tsgkn djks rkfd rqe dke;kc gks tkvks ¼35½blesa 'kd ugha fd ftu yksxksa us dqÝ+ b[+rs;kj fd;k vxj muds ikl t+ehu esa tks dqN ¼eky[k+t+kuk½ gS ¼og½ lc cfYd mruk vkSj Hkh mlds lkFk gks fd jkst+s d+;ker ds vt+kc dkeqvkost+k ns ns ¼vkSj [+kqn cp tk,½ rc Hkh ¼mldk ;s eqvkost+k½ dq+cwy u fd;k tk,xk vkSjmuds fy, nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼36½og yksx rks pkgsaxs fd fdlh rjg tgUuqe dh vkx ls fudy Hkkxs exj ogkW ls rks og fudygh ugha ldrs vkSj muds fy, rks nk,eh vt+kc gS ¼37½vkSj pksj [+okg enZ gks ;k vkSjr rqe muds djrwr dh lt+k esa mudk ¼nkfguk½ gkFk dkV Mkyks;s ¼mudh lt+k½ vYykg dh rjQ+ ls gS vkSj vYykg ¼rks½ cM+k t+cjnLr fgder okyk gS ¼38½gkW tks vius xqukg ds ckn rkSck dj ys vkSj vius pky pyu nq:Lr dj ysa rks cs'kd vYykgHkh rkSck dq+cwy dj ysrk gS D;ksafd vYykg rks cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼39½

,s 'k[+l D;k rw ugha tkurk fd lkjs vkleku o t+ehu ¼x+jt+ nqfu;k tgku½ esa [+kkl vYykg dhgqdwer gS ftls pkgs vt+kc djs vkSj ftls pkgs ekQ+ dj ns vkSj vYykg rks gj pht+ ij d+kfnjgS ¼40½,s jlwy tks yksx dqÝ+ dh rjQ+ yid ds pys tkrs gSa rqe mudk x+e u [kkvks muesa ckt+ rks,sls gSa fd vius eqWg ls cs rdYyqQ+ dg nsrs gSa fd ge bZeku yk, gkykWfd muds fny csbZeku gSavkSj ckt+ ;gwnh ,sls gSa fd ¼tklwlh dh x+jt+ ls½ >wBh ckrsa cgqr ¼'kkSd ls½ lqurs gSa rkfddq+Q+kj ds nwljs fxjksg dks tks ¼vHkh rd½ rqEgkjs ikl ugha vk, gSa lquk,W ;s yksx ¼rkSjSr ds½vYQ+kt+ dh muds vlyh ek;us ¼ekywe gksus½ ds ckn Hkh rgjhQ+ djrs gSa ¼vkSj yksxksa ls½ dgrsgSa fd ¼;s rkSjSr dk gqDe gS½ vxj eksgEen dh rjQ+ ls ¼Hkh½ rqEgsa ;gh gqDe fn;k tk; rksmls eku ysuk vkSj vxj ;g gqDe rqedks u fn;k tk, rks mlls vyx gh jguk vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ftldks vYykg [+kjkc djuk pkgrk gS rks mlds okLrs vYykg ls rqEgkjk dqN t+ksj ugha pyldrk ;g yksx rks ogh gSa ftuds fnyksa dks vYykg us ¼xqukgksa ls½ ikd djus dk bjknk gh ughafd;k ¼cfYd½ muds fy, rks nqfu;k esa Hkh :lokbZ gS vkSj vk[+ksjr esa Hkh ¼muds fy,½ cM+k¼Hkkjh½ vt+kc gksxk ¼41½;s ¼dEc[+r½ >wBh ckrksa dks cM+s 'kkSd+ ls lquus okys vkSj cM+s gh gjke[k+ksj gSa rks ¼,s jlwy½ vxj;s yksx rqEgkjs ikl ¼dksbZ ekeyk ysdj½ vk, rks rqedks b[+rs;kj gS [+okg muds njfE;ku QS+lykdj nks ;k muls fdukjkd'kh djks vkSj vxj rqe fdukjkd'k jgksxs rks ¼dqN [+;ky u djks½ ;syksx rqEgkjk gjfxt+ dqN fcxkM+ ugha ldrs vkSj vxj muesa QS+lyk djks rks bUlkQ+ ls QS+lykdjks D;ksafd vYykg bUlkQ+ djus okyksa dks nksLr j[krk gS ¼42½vkSj tc [+kqn muds ikl rkSjsr gS vkSj mlesa vYykg dk gqDe ¼ekStwn½ gS rks fQj rqEgkjs iklQSlyk djkus dks D;ksa vkrs gSa vkSj ¼yqRQ+ rks ;s gS fd½ blds ckn fQj ¼rqEgkjs gqDe ls½ fQjtkrs gSa vksj lp rks ;g gS fd ;g yksx bZekunkj gh ugha gSa ¼43½cs'kd ge us rkSjsr ukft+y dh ftlesa ¼yksxksa dh½ fgnk;r vkSj uwj ¼bZeku½ gS mlh ds eqrkfcd+vYykg ds Q+jekcjnkj cUns ¼vfEc;k, cuh bljkbZy½ ;gwfn;ksa dks gqDe nsrs jgs vkSj vYykg okysvkSj mysek, ¼;gwn½ Hkh fdrkcs vYykg ls ¼gqDe nsrs Fks½ ftlds og eqgkfQ+t+ cuk, x, Fks vkSjog mlds xokg Hkh Fks il ¼,s eqlyekuksa½ rqe yksxksa ls ¼t+jk Hkh½ u Mjks ¼cfYd½ eq> gh lsMjks vkSj esjh vk;rksa ds cnys esa ¼nqfu;k dh nkSyr tks nj gd+hd+r cgqr FkksM+h d+her gS½ u yksvkSj ¼le> yks fd½ tks “'k[+l vYykg dh ukft+y dh gq;h ¼fdrkc½ ds eqrkfcd+ gqDe u ns rks,sls gh yksx dkfQ+j gSa ¼44½vkSj ge us rkSjsr esa ;gwfn;ksa ij ;g gqDe QtZ+ dj fn;k Fkk fd tku ds cnys tku vkSj vkW[k

ds cnys vkW[k vkSj ukd ds cnys ukd vkSj dku ds cnys dku vkSj nkWr ds cnys nkWr vkSjt[+e ds cnys ¼oSlk gh½ cjkcj dk cnyk ¼t[+e½ gS fQj tks ¼et+ywe t+kfye dh½ [+krk ekQ+dj ns rks ;s mlds xqukgksa dk d+Q+kjk gks tk,xk vkSj tks 'k[+l vYykg dh ukft+y dh gq;h¼fdrkc½ ds eqokfQ+d+ gqDe u ns rks ,sls gh yksx t+kfye gSa ¼45½vkSj ge us mUgha iSx+Ecjksa ds d+ne c d+ne efj;e ds csVs bZlk dks pyk;k vkSj og bl fdrkcrkSjSr dh Hkh rLnhd+ djrs Fks tks muds lkeus ¼igys ls½ ekStwn Fkh vkSj geus mudks bUthy ¼Hkh½vrk dh ftlesa ¼yksxksa ds fy, gj rjg dh½ fgnk;r Fkh vkSj uwj ¼bZeku½ vkSj og bl fdrkcrkSjsr dh tks oD+rs uqt+wys bUthy ¼igys ls½ ekStwn Fkh rlnhd+ djus okyh vkSj ijgst+xkjksa dhfgnk;r o ulhgr Fkh ¼46½vkSj bUthy okyksa ¼ulkjk½ dks tks dqN vYykg us ¼mlesa½ ukft+y fd;k gS mlds eqrkfcd+ gqDedjuk pkfg, vkSj tks 'k[+l vYykg dh ukft+y dh gq;h ¼fdrkc ds eqvkfQ+d½ gqDe u ns rks,sls gh yksx cndkj gSa ¼47½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ geus rqe ij Hkh cjgd+ fdrkc ukft+y dh tks fdrkc ¼mlds igys ls½ mldsoD+r esa ekStwn gS mldh rlnhd+ djrh gS vkSj mldh fuxsgcku ¼Hkh½ gS tks dqN rqe ij vYykgus ukft+y fd;k gS mlh ds eqrkfcd+ rqe Hkh gqDe nks vkSj tks gd+ ckr vYykg dh rjQ+ ls vkpqdh gS mlls drjk ds mu yksxksa dh [+okfg'ks uQ+fl;kuh dh iSjoh u djks vkSj geus rqe esa gj,d ds okLrs ¼gLcs elysgrs oD+r½ ,d ,d 'kjh;r vkSj [+kkl rjhd+s ij eqd+jZj dj fn;k vkSjvxj vYykg pkgrk rks rqe lc ds lc dks ,d gh ¼'kjh;r dh½ mEer cuk nsrk exj¼eq[+krfyQ+ 'kjh;rksa ls½ vYykg dk eryc ;g Fkk fd tks dqN rqEgsa fn;k gS mlesa rqEgkjkbersgku djs cl rqe usdh esa yid dj vkxs c

,s bZekunkjksa ;gwfn;ksa vkSj uljkfu;ksa dks viuk ljijLr u cukvks ¼D;ksafd½ ;s yksx ¼rqEgkjseq[+kkfyQ+ gSa exj½ ckge ,d nwljs ds nksLr gSa vkSj ¼;kn jgs fd½ rqeesa ls ftlus mudks viukljijLr cuk;k il fQj og Hkh mUgha yksxksa esa ls gks x;k cs'kd vYykg t+kfye yksxksa dks jkgsjkLr ij ugha ykrk ¼51½rks ¼,s jlwy½ ftu yksxksa ds fnyksa esa ¼usQ+kd+ dh½ chekjh gS rqe mUgsa ns[kksxs fd muesa nkSM+ nkSM+ds feys tkrs gSa vkSj rqels mldh otg ;g c;ku djrs gSa fd ge rks blls Mjrs gSa fd dgha,slk u gks muds u ¼feyus ls½ t+ekus dh xfnZ'k esa u eqfCryk gks tk,W rks vud+jhc gh vYykg¼eqlyekuksa dh½ Q+rsg ;k dksbZ vkSj ckr viuh rjQ+ ls t+kfgj dj nsxk rc ;g yksx blcnxqekuh ij tks vius th esa fNikrs Fks 'kekZ,axs ¼¼52½vkSj eksfeuhu ¼tc mu ij usQ+kd+ t+kfgj gks tk,xk rks½ dgasxs D;k ;s ogh yksx gSa tks l[+r lsl[+r d+lesa [kkdj ¼gels½ dgrs Fks fd ge t+:j rqEgkjs lkFk gSa mudk lkjk fd;k /kjk vdkjrgqvk vkSj l[+r ?kkVs esa vk x, ¼53½,s bZekunkjksa rqeesa ls tks dksbZ vius nhu ls fQj tk,xk rks ¼dqN ijokg ugha fQj tk,½ vud+jhcgh vYykg ,sls yksxksa dks t+kfgj dj nsxk ftUgsa vYykg nksLr j[krk gksxk vkSj og mldks nksLrj[krs gksaxs bZekunkjksa ds lkFk ueZ vkSj eqfUdj ¼vkSj½ dkfQ+jksa ds lkFk l[+r vYykg dh jkg esatsgkn djsaxs vkSj fdlh eyker djus okys dh eyker dh dqN ijokg u djaasxs ;s vYykg dkQ+t+y ¼o dje½ gS og ftls pkgrk gs nsrk gS vkSj vYykg rks cM+h xqUtkb'k okyk okfd+Q+dkjgS ¼54½¼,s bZekunkjksa½ rqEgkjs ekfyd ljijLr rks cl ;gh gSa vYykg vkSj mldk jlwy vkSj og eksfeuhutks ikcUnh ls uekt+ vnk djrs gSa vkSj gkyr :dwm esa t+dkr nsrs gSa ¼55½vkSj ftl 'k[+l us vYykg vkSj jlwy vkSj ¼mUgha½ bZekunkjksa dks viuk ljijLr cuk;k rks¼vYykg ds y'kdj esa vk x;k vkSj½ blesa rks 'kd ugha fd vYykg gh dk y'kdj oj¿x+kfycÀ jgrk gS ¼56½,s bZekunkjksa ftu yksxksa ¼;gwn o ulkjk½ dks rqe ls igys fdrkcs ¼vYykg rkSjsr] bUthy½ nh tkpqdh gS muesa ls ftu yksxksa us rqEgkjs nhu dks gWlh [ksy cuk j[kk gS mudks vkSj dq+Q+kj dksviuk ljijLr u cukvks vkSj vxj rqe lPps bZekunkj gks rks vYykg gh ls Mjrs jgks ¼57½vkSj ¼mudh 'kjkjr ;gkW rd igqWph½ fd tc rqe ¼vt+ku nsdj½ uekt+ ds okLrs ¼yksxksa dks½

cqykrs gks ;s yksx uekt+ dks gWlh [ksy cukrs gSa ;s bl otg ls fd ¼yksx fcYdqy cs vD+y gSa½vkSj dqN ugha le>rs ¼58½¼,s jlwy ,gys fdrkc ls dgks fd½ vkf[+kj rqe gels blds flok vkSj D;k ,sc yxk ldrs gksfd ge vYykg ij vkSj tks ¼fdrkc½ gekjs ikl Hksth x;h gS vkSj tks gels igys Hksth x;hbZeku yk, gSa vkSj ;s rqeesa ds vDlj cndkj gSa ¼59½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eSa rqEgsa vYykg ds ut+nhd lt+k esa blls dgha cnrj ,sc crk nWw¼vPNk yks lquks½ ftlij vYykg us ykur dh gks vkSj ml ij x+t+c

ukft+y fd;s x, Fks ¼muds ,gdke dks½ d+k;e j[krs rks t+:j ¼muds½ Åij ls Hkh ¼fjt+d+ cjliM+rk½ vkSj ikWoksa ds uhps ls Hkh mcy vkrk vkSj ¼;s [+kwc pSu ls½ [kkrs muesa ls dqN yksx rks,rnky ij gSa ¼exj½ muesa ls cgqrsjs tks dqN djrs gSa cqjk gh djrs gSa ¼66½,s jlwy tks gqDe rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ls rqe ij ukft+y fd;k x;k gS igqWpk nks vkSjvxj rqeus ,slk u fd;k rks ¼le> yks fd½ rqeus mldk dksbZ iSx+ke gh ugha igqWpk;k vkSj ¼rqeMjks ugha½ vYykg rqedks yksxksa ds “'kj ls egQ+wt+ j[ksxk vYykg gjfxt+ dkfQ+jksa dh d+kSe dkseaft+ys ed+lwn rd ugha igqWpkrk ¼67½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ,s ,gys fdrkc tc rd rqe rkSjsr vkSj bUthy vkSj tks ¼lghQ+s½rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ls rqe ij ukft+y gq, gSa muds ¼,gdke½ dks d+k;e u j[kksxs mloD+r rd rqEgkjk et+cg dqN Hkh ugha vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ tks ¼fdrkc½ rqEgkjs ikl rqEgkjs ijojfnxkjdh rjQ+ ls Hksth x;h gS ¼mldk½ j'd ¼gln½ muesa ls cgqrsjksa dh ljd'kh o dqÝ+ dks vkSjc

cdk djrs gSa vxj mlls ckt+ u vk, rks ¼le> j[kks fd½ tks yksx mlessa ls ¼dkfQ+j ds½dkfQ+j jg x, mu ij t+:j nnZukd vt+kc ukft+y gksxk ¼73½rks ;s yksx vYykg dh ckjxkg esa rkSck D;ksa ugha djrs vkSj vius ¼d+lwjksa dh½ ekQ+h D;ksa ughaekWxrs gkykWfd vYykg rks cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼74½efj;e ds csVs elhg rks cl ,d jlwy gSa vkSj muds d+Cy ¼vkSj Hkh½ cgqrsjs jlwy xqt+j pqds gSavkSj mudh ekW Hkh ¼vYykg dh½ ,d lPph cUnh Fkh ¼vkSj vknfe;ksa dh rjg½ ;s nksuksa ¼ds nksuksaHkh½ [kkuk [kkrs Fks ¼,s jlwy½ x+kSj rks djks ge vius ,gdke buls dSlk lkQ+ lkQ+ c;ku djrsgSa ¼75½fQj ns[kks rks fd ¼mlij Hkh myVs½ ;s yksx dgkW HkVds tk jgs gSa ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fdD;k rqe vYykg ¼tSls d+kfnj o rokuk½ dks NksM+dj ¼,slh t+yhy½ pht+ dh bcknr djrs gksftldks u rks uqd+lku gh b[+rs;kj gS vkSj u uQ+s dk vkSj vYykg rks ¼lcdh½ lqurk ¼vkSj lcdqN½ tkurk gS ¼76½,s jlwy rqe dg nks fd ,s ,gys fdrkc rqe vius nhu esa ukgd+ T+;knrh u djks vkSj u muyksxksa ¼vius cqt+qxksa½ dh uQ+fl;kuh [+okfg'kksa ij pyks tks igys [+kqn gh xqejkg gks pqds vkSj¼vius lkFk vkSj Hkh½ cgqrsjksa dks xqejkg dj NksM+k vkSj jkgs jkLr ls ¼nwj½ HkVd x, ¼77½cuh bljkbZy esa ls tks yksx dkfQ+j Fks mu ij nkÅn vkSj efj;e ds csVs bZlk dh t+ckuh ykurdh x;h ;s ¼ykur mu ij iM+h rks flQZ½ bl otg ls fd ¼,d rks½ mu yksxksa us ukQ+jekuh dhvkSj ¼fQj gj ekeys esa½ gn ls c

¼,s jlwy½ bZeku ykus okyksa dk nq'keu lcls cqByk;k ;gh yksx tgUuqeh gSa ¼86½,s bZekunkj tks ikd pht+s vYykg us rqEgkjs okLrs gyky dj nh gSa mudks vius Åij gjke udjks vkSj gn ls u c

,s bZekunkjksa Ójkc] tqvk vkSj cqr vkSj ik¡ls rks cl ukikd ¼cqjs½ ÓSrkuh dke gSa rks rqe yksxblls cps jgks rkfd rqe Qykg ikvks ¼90½ÓSrku dh rks cl ;gh reUuk gS fd Ójkc vkSj tq, dh cnkSyr rqeesa ckge vnkor o nq'keuhMyok ns vkSj vYykg dh ;kn vkSj uekt+ ls ckt+ j[ks rks D;k rqe mlls ckt+ vkus okys gks¼91½vkSj vYykg dk gqDe ekuksa vkSj jlwy dk gqDe ekuksa vkSj ¼ukQ+jekuh½ ls cps jgks bl ij Hkhvxj rqeus ¼gqDe vYykg ls½ eq¡g Qsjk rks le> j[kks fd gekjs jlwy ij cl lkQ+ lkQ+ iSx+keigq¡pk nsuk QtZ+ gS ¼92½¼fQj djks pkgs u djks rqe eq[+krkj gks½ ftu yksxksa us bZeku dqcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dkefd, gSa mu ij tks dqN [kk ¼ih½ pqds mlesa dqN xqukg ugha tc mUgksaus ijgst+xkjh dh vkSj bZekuys vk, vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke fd, fQj ijgst+xkjh dh vkSj usfd;k¡ dha vkSj vYykg usdh djusokyksa dks nksLr j[krk gS ¼93½,s bZekunkjksa dqN f'kdkj ls ftu rd rqEgkjs gkFk vkSj uSt+sa igq¡p ldrs gSa vYykg t+#j bErsgkudjsxk rkfd vYykg ns[k ys fd mlls cs ns[ks Hkkys dkSu Mjrk gS fQj mlds ckn Hkh tks T+;knrhdjsxk rks mlds fy, nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼94½¼,s bZekunkjksa tc rqe gkyrs ,gjke esa gks rks f'kdkj u ekjks vkSj rqeesa ls tks dksbZ tku cw> djf'kdkj ekjsxk rks ftl ¼tkuoj½ dks ekjk gS pkSik;ksa esa ls mldk ely rqeesa ls tks nks eqfUlQvkneh rtoht+ dj nsa mldk cnyk ¼nsuk½ gksxk ¼vkSj½ dkck rd igq¡pk dj dqckZuh dh tk, ;k¼mldk½ tqekZuk ¼mldh d+her ls½ eksgrktksa dks [kkuk f[kykuk ;k mlds cjkcj jkst+s j[kuk ¼;gtqekZuk blfy, gS½ rkfd vius fd, dh lt+k dk et+k p[kks tks gks pqdk mlls rks vYykg usnjx+qt+j dh vkSj tks fQj ,slh gjdr djsxk rks vYykg mldh lt+k nsxk vkSj vYykg t+cjnLrcnyk ysus okyk gS ¼95½rqEgkjs vkSj dkfQ+ys ds okLrs nfj;kbZ f'kdkj vkSj mldk [kkuk rks ¼gj gkyr esa½ rqEgkjs okLrstk;t+ dj fn;k gS exj [kq'dh dk f'kdkj tc rd rqe gkyrs ,gjke esa jgks rqe ij gjke gSvkSj ml vYykg ls Mjrs jgks ftldh rjQ ¼ejus ds ckn½ mBk, tkvksxs ¼96½vYykg us dkck dks tks ¼mldk½ eksgrje ?kj gS vkSj gqjer nkj eghuksa dks vkSj dqjckuh dksvkSj ml tkuoj dks ftlds xys esa ¼dqckZZuh ds okLrs½ iV~Vs Mky fn, x, gksa yksxksa ds veud+k;e j[kus dk lcc d+jkj fn;k ;g blfy, fd rqe tku yks fd vYykg tks dqN vklekuksa esa

gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS ;d+huu ¼lc½ tkurk gS vkSj ;s Hkh ¼le> yks½ fd cs'kd vYykggj pht+ ls okfd+Q gS ¼97½tku yks fd ;d+huu vYykg cM+k vt+kc okyk gS vkSj ;s ¼Hkh½ fd cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS¼98½¼gekjs½ jlwy ij iSx+ke igq¡pk nsus ds flok ¼vkSj½ dqN ¼Qt+Z½ ugha vkSj tks dqN rqe t+kfgj ckt+kfgj djrs gks vkSj tks dqN rqe Nqik dj djrs gks vYykg lc tkurk gS ¼99½¼,s jlwy½ dg nks fd ukikd ¼gjke½ vkSj ikd ¼gyky½ cjkcj ugha gks ldrk vxjps ukikd dhdljr rqEgsa Hkyk D;ksa u ekywe gks rks ,sls vD+yeUnksa vYykg ls Mjrs jgks rkfd rqe dke;kcjgks ¼100½,s bZeku okyksa ,slh pht+ksa ds ckjs esa ¼jlwy ls½ u iwNk djks fd vxj rqedks ekywe gks tk, rksrqEgsa cqjh ekywe gks vkSj vxj muds ckjs esa dq+jku ukft+y gksus ds oD+r iwN cSBksxs rks rqe ijt+kfgj dj nh tk,xh ¼exj rqedks cqjk yxsxk tks lokykr rqe dj pqds½ vYykg us muls njxqt+jdh vkSj vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk cqnZckj gS ¼101½rqels igys Hkh yksxksa us bl fdLe dh ckrsa ¼vius oD+r ds iSx+Ecjksa ls½ iwNh Fkha ¼102½fQj ¼tc cjnk'r u gks ldk rks½ mlds eqfUdj gks x, vYykg us u rks dksbZ cghjk ¼dku QVhÅ¡Vuh½ eqd+jZj fd;k gS u lk;ok ¼lk¡

esa ls nks vkfnyksa dh xokgh gksuh t+#jh gS vkSj tc rqe bRrsQkd+u dgha dk lQj djks vkSj¼lQj gh esa½ rqedkss ekSr dh eqlhcr dk lkeuk gks rks ¼Hkh½ nks xokg x+Sj ¼eksfeu½ lgh ¼vkSj½vxj rqEgsa Ód gks rks mu nksuksa dks uekt+ ds ckn jksd yks fQj og nksuksa vYykg dh d+le[kk,¡ fd ge bl ¼xokgh½ ds ¼,sot+ dqN nke ugha ysaxs vxjps ge ftldh xokgh nsrs gSa gekjkvt+ht+ gh D;ksa u½ gks vkSj ge vYykg yxrh xokgh u Nqik,¡xs vxj ,slk djsa rks ge cs'kdxqukgxkj gSa ¼106½vxj bl ij ekywe gks tk, fd og nksuksa ¼njksx+ gyQ+h ¿>wBh dleÀ ls½ xqukg ds eqLrgd+ gksx, rks nwljs nks vkneh mu yksxksa esa ls ftudk gd+ nck;k x;k gS vkSj ¼e¸;r½ ds T+;knkd+jkcrnkj gSa ¼mudh rjohn esa½ mudh txg [kM+s gks tk,¡ fQj nks u, xokg vYykg dh d+le[kk,¡ fd igys nks xokgksa dh fuLcr gekjh xokgh T+;knk lPph gS vkSj geus ¼gd+½ ugha Nqik;kvkSj vxj ,slk fd;k gks rks ml oD+r cs'kd ge t+kfye gSa ¼107½;s T+;knk d+jhu d+;kl gS fd bl rjg ij ¼vk[+ksjr ds Mj ls½ Bhd Bhd xokgh nsa ;k ¼nqfu;kdh :lokbZ dk½ vUns'kk gks fd dgha gekjh d+lesa nwljs Qjhd+ dh d+leksa ds ckn jn u dj nhtk,¡ eqlyekuksa vYykg ls Mjks vkSj ¼th yxk dj½ lqu yks vkSj vYykg cnpyu yksxksa dkseaft+ys ed+lwn rd ugha igq¡pkrk ¼108½¼ml oD+r dks ;kn djks½ ftl fnu vYykg vius iSx+Ecjksa dks tek djds iwNsxk fd ¼rqEgkjhmeer dh rjQ ls rcyhx+s ,gdke dk½ D;k tokc fn;k x;k rks vtZ+ djsxsa fd ge rks ¼pUnt+kfgjh ckrksa ds flok½ dqN ugha tkurs rw rks [kqn cM+k x+Sc okW gS ¼109½¼og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc vYykg Qjek,xk fd ;s efj;e ds csVs bZlk geus tks ,glkukr rqeij vkSj rqEgkjh ek¡ ij fd;s mUgs ;kn djks tc geus :gqyd+qnwl ¼ftcjhy½ ls rqEgkjh rkbZn dhfd rqe >wys esa ¼iM+s iM+s½ vkSj v/ksM+ gksdj ¼;d lk ckrsa½ djus yxs vkSj tc geus rqEgsafy[kuk vkSj vd+y o nkukbZ dh ckrsa vkSj ¼rkSjsr o bUthy ¼;s lc phts+½ fl[kk;h vkSj tc rqeesjs gqDe ls feêh ls fpfM+;k dh ewjr cukrs fQj ml ij dqN ne dj nsrs rks og esjs gqDe ls¼lpeqp½ fpfM+;k cu tkrh Fkh vkSj esjs gqDe ls eknjt+kn ¿iSnk;'khÀ vW/ks vkSj dks ij vkSj esjs jlwy ij bZeku ykvks rks vt+Z djusyxs ge bZeku yk, vkSj rw xokg jguk fd ge rsjs Qjekcjnkj cUns gSa ¼111½

¼og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc gokfj;ksa us bZlk ls vt+Z dh fd ,s efj;e ds csVs bZlk D;k vki dkvYykg ml ij d+kfnj gS fd ge ij vkleku ls ¼usver dh½ ,d [+oku ukft+y Qjek, bZlk usdgk vxj rqe lPps bZekunkj gks rks vYykg ls Mjks ¼,slh Qjekb'k ftlesa bErsgku ekywe gks udjks½ ¼112½og vt+Z djus yxs ge rks Qd+r ;s pkgrs gS fd blesa ls ¼cjrdu½ dqN [kk,¡ vkSj gekjs fnydks ¼vkidh fjlkyr dk iwjk iwjk½ bResuku gks tk, vkSj ;d+hu dj ysa fd vkius gels ¼tks dqNdgk Fkk½ lp Qjek;k Fkk vkSj ge yksx bl ij xokg jgsa ¼113½¼rc½ efj;e ds csVs bZlk us ¼ckjxkgs vYykg esa½ vt+Z dh vYykg oUnk ,s gekjs ikyus okys geij vkleku ls ,d [oku ¼usver½ ukft+y Qjek fd og fnu ge yksxksa ds fy, gekjs vxyksa dsfy, vkSj gekjs fiNyksa ds fy, bZn dk djkj ik, ¼vkSj gekjs gd+ esa½ rsjh rjQ ls ,d cM+hfu'kkuh gks vkSj rw gesa jkst+h ns vkSj rw lc jkst+h nsus okyks ls csgrj gS ¼114½[kq+nk us Qjek;k eS [oku rks rqe ij t+#j ukft+y d#xk¡ ¼exj ;kn jgs fd½ fQj rqeesa ls tksHkh Ó[+l mlds ckn dkfQ+j gqvk rks eS mldks ;d+hu ,sls l[+r vt+kc dh lt+k nw¡xk fd lkjhvYykg;h esa fdlh ,d ij Hkh oSlk ¼l[+r½ vt+kc u d#xk¡ ¼115½vkSj ¼og oD+r Hkh ;kn djks½ tc d+;ker esa bZlk ls vYykg Qjek,x fd ¼D;ksa½ ,s efj;e dscsVs bZlk D;k rqeus yksxksa ls ;s dg fn;k Fkk fd vYykg dks NksM+dj eq> dks vkSj esjh ek¡ dksvYykg cuk yks bZlk vt+Z djsxsa lqcgku vYykg esjh rks ;s etky u Fkh fd eS ,slh ckr eq¡g lsfudkywW ftldk eq>s dksbZ gd+ u gks ¼vPNk½ vxj eSus dgk gksxk rks rq>dks t+#j ekywe gh gksxkD;ksafd rw esjs fny dh ¼lc ckr½ tkurk gS gk¡ vycÙkk eS rsjs th dh ckr ugha tkurk¼D;ksafd½ blesa rks Ód gh ugha fd rw gh x+Sc dh ckrsa [k+wc tkurk gS ¼116½rwus eq>s tks dqN gqDe fn;k mlds flok rks eSus muls dqN Hkh ugha dgk ;gh fd vYykg ghdh bcknr djks tks esjk vkSj rqEgkjk lcdk ikyus okyk gS vkSj tc rd eSa muesa jgk mu dhns[kHkky djrk jgk fQj tc rwus eq>s ¼nqfu;k ls½ mBk fy;k rks rw gh mudk fuxsgcku Fkk vkSj rwrks [k+qn gj pht+ dk xokg ¼ekStwn½ gS ¼117½rw vxj mu ij vt+kc djsxk rks ¼rw ekfyd gS½ ;s rsjs cUns gSa vkSj vxj mUgsa c[+'k nsxk rks¼dksbZ rsjk gkFk ugha idM+ ldrk D;ksafd½ cs'kd rw t+cjnLr fgder okyk gS ¼118½

vYykg Qjek,xk fd ;s og fnu gS fd lPps cUnksa dks mudh lPpkbZ ¼vkt½ dke vk,xh mudsfy, ¼gjs Hkjs csfg'r ds½ og ckx+kr gS ftuds ¼nj[+rks ds½ uhps ugjs tkjh gSa ¼vkSj½ og mlesavcknqy vkckn rd jgsaxs vYykg muls jkt+h vkSj og vYykg ls [kq'k ;gh cgqr cM+h dke;kchgS ¼119½lkjs vkleku o t+ehu vkSj tks dqN muesa gS lc vYykg gh dh lYrur gS vkSj og gj pht+ij d+kfnj ¼o rokuk½ gS ¼120½

6 lwjg vuvkelwjg vuvke eDds esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ,d lkS fN;klB ¼165½ vk;rsa gSavYykg vYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSlc rkjhQ vYykg gh dks ¼lt+kokj½ gS ftlus ogqrsjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu dks iSnk fd;k vkSjmlesa eq[+rfyQ fd+Leksa dh rkjhdh jks'kuh cukbZ fQj ¼ckotwn mlds½ dqQkj ¼vkSjksa dks½ viusijojfnxkj ds cjkcj djrs gSa ¼1½og rks ogh vYykg gS ftlus rqedks feêh ls iSnk fd;k fQj ¼fQj rqEgkjs ejus dk½ ,d oD+reqd+jZj dj fn;k vkSj ¼vxjps rqedks ekywe ugha exj½ mlds ut+nhd ¼d+;ker½ dk oD+r eqd+jZjgS ¼2½fQj ¼;gh½ rqe Ód djrs gks vkSj ogh rks vklekuksa esa ¼Hkh½ vkSj t+ehu esa ¼Hkh½ vYykg gSogh rqEgkjs t+kfgj o ckfru ls ¼Hkh½ [k+cjnkj gS vkSj ogh tks dqN Hkh rqe djrs gks tkurk gS¼3½vkSj mu ¼yksxksa dk½ vtc gky gS fd muds ikl vYykg dh vk;r esa ls tc dksbZ vk;r vkrhrks cl ;s yksx t+#j mlls eqWg Qsj ysrs Fks ¼4½pqukUps tc muds ikl ¼d+qjku cjgd+½ vk;k rks mldks Hkh >qByk;k rks ;s yksx ftlds lkFkel[k+jkiu dj jgs gS mudh gd+hd+r mUgsa vud+jhc gh ekywe gks tk,xh ¼5½D;k mUgsa lw>rk ugha fd geus muls igys fdrus fxjksg ¼ds fxjksg½ gykd dj Mkys ftudks geus#, t+ehu es og ¼dw+or½ d+qnjr vrk dh Fkh tks vHkh rd rqedks ugha nh vkSj geus vklekurks mu ij ewlyk/kkj ikuh cjlrk NksM+ fn;k Fkk vkSj muds ¼edkukr ds½ uhps cgrh gq;h ugjsacuk nh Fkh ¼exj½ fQj Hkh muds xqukgksa dh otg ls mudks ekj Mkyk vkSj muds ckn ,d nwljsfxjksg dks iSnk dj fn;k ¼6½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ vxj ge dkxt+ ij ¼fy[kh fy[kkbZ½ fdrkc ¼Hkh½ rqe ij ukft+y djrs vkSj ;syksx mls vius gkFkksa ls Nw Hkh ysrs fQj Hkh dqQkj ¼u ekurs vkSj½ dgrs fd ;s rks cl [kqykgqvk tknw gS ¼7½

vkSj ¼;s Hkh½ dgrs fd ml ¼uch½ ij dksbZ Qfj'rk D;ksa ugha ukft+y fd;k x;k ¼tks lkFk lkFkjgrk½ gkykWfd vxj ge Qfj'rk Hkst nsrs rks ¼mudk½ dke gh reke gks tkrk ¼vkSj½ fQj mUgsaeksgyr Hkh u nh tkrh ¼8½vkSj vxj ge Qfj'rs dks uch cukrs rks ¼vkf[k+j½ mldks Hkh enZ lwjr cukrs vkSj tks Óqcgs ;syksx dj jgs gSa ogh Óqcgs ¼xks;k½ ge [k+qn mu ij ¼ml oD+r Hkh½ mBk nsrs ¼9½¼,s jlwy rqe fny rax u gks½ rqe ls igys ¼Hkh½ iSx+Ecjksa ds lkFk el[k+jkiu fd;k x;k gS iltks yksx el[k+jkiu djrs Fks mudks ml vt+kc us ftlds ;s yksx gWlh mM+krs Fks ?ksj fy;k ¼10½¼,s jlwy muls½ dgks fd t+#j #, t+ehu ij py fQj dj ns[kks rks fd ¼vfEc;k ds½ >qBykusokyks dk D;k ¼cqjk½ vUtke gqvk ¼11½¼,s jlwy muls½ iwNks rks fd ¼Hkyk½ tks dqN vkleku vkSj t+ehu esa gS fdldk gS ¼og tokcnsxsa½ rqe [k+qn dg nks fd [k+kl vYykg dk gS mlus viuh t+kr ij esgjckuh ykft+e dj yh gSog rqe lc ds lc dks d+;ker ds fnu ftlds vkus es dqN Ód ugha t+#j tek djsxk ¼exj½ftu yksxksa us viuk vki uqd+lku fd;k og rks ¼d+;ker ij½ bZeku u yk,Wxsa ¼12½gkykWfd ¼;s ugha le>rs fd½ tks dqN jkr dks vkSj fnu dks ¼#, t+ehu ij½ jgrk ¼lgrk½ gS¼lc½ [k+kl mlh dk gS vkSj ogh ¼lc dh½ lqurk ¼vkSj lc dqN½ tkurk gS ¼13½,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd D;k vYykg dks tks lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dk iSnk djus okyk gSNksM+ dj nwljs dks ¼viuk½ ljijLr cukvks vkSj ogh ¼lc dks½ jkst+h nsrk gS vkSj mldks dksbZjkst+h ugha nsrk ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eq>s gqDe fn;k x;k gS fd lc ls igys bLyke ykusokyk eSa gw¡ vkSj ¼;s Hkh fd [k+cjnkj½ eq'kjsdhu ls u gksuk ¼14½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dgks fd vxj eSa ukQjekuh d#¡ rks cs'kd ,d cM+s ¼l[+r½ fny ds vt+kc lsMjrk gw¡ ¼15½ml fnu ftl ¼ds lj½ ls vt+kc Vy x;k rks ¼le>ks fd½ vYykg us ml ij ¼cM+k½ jge fd;kvkSj ;gh rks ljhgh dke;kch gS ¼16½vkSj vxj vYykg rqe dks fdlh fd+Le dh rdyhQ igqpk, rks mlds flok dksbZ mldk nQk

djus okyk ugha gS vkSj vxj rqEgsa dqN Qk;nk½ igqWpk, rks Hkh ¼dksbZ jksd ugha ldrk D;ksafd½og gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼17½ogh vius reke cUnksa ij x+kfyc gS vkSj og okfd+Qdkj gdhe gS ¼18½¼,s jlwy½ rqe iwNks fd xokgh esa lcls cwB cksgrku ckW/ks ;k mldh vk;rksa dks >qByk, mlls c

vkSj ;s yksx ¼nwljksa dks Hkh½ ml ds ¼lquus ls½ ls jksdrs gSa vkSj [k+qn rks vyx Fkyx jgrs gh gSavkSj ¼bu ckrksa ls½ cl vki gh vius dks gykd djrs gSa vkSj ¼vQlksl½ le>rs ugha ¼26½¼,s jlwy½ vxj rqe mu yksxksa dks ml oD+r ns[krs ¼rks rkTtqc djrs½ tc tgUuqe ¼ds fdukjs½ij ykdj [kM+s fd, tkvksxs rks ¼mls ns[kdj½ dgsxsa ,s dk'k ge ¼nqfu;k esa½ fQj ¼nqckjk½ ykSVkHkh fn, tkrs vkSj vius ijojfnxkj dh vk;rksa dks u >qBykrs vkSj ge eksfeuhu ls gksrs ¼exjmudh vkjt+w iwjh u gksxh½ ¼27½cfYd tks ¼csbekuh½ igys ls fNikrs Fks vkt ¼mldh gd+hd+r½ mu ij [kqy x;h vkSj ¼ge tkursgSa fd½ vxj ;s yksx ¼nqfu;k esa½ ykSVk Hkh fn, tk,W rks Hkh ftl pht+ dh eukgh dh x;h gSmls djsa vkSj t+#j djsa vkSj blesa Ód ugha fd ;s yksx t+#j >wBs gSa ¼28½vkSj dqQkj ;s Hkh rks dgrs gSa fd gekjh bl nqfu;k ft+Unxh ds flok dqN Hkh ugha vkSj¼d+;ker ox+Sjg lc gSftldks ;s ykns ¼ykns fQj jgs½ gSa ¼31½vkSj ¼;s½ nqfu;koh ft+Unxh rks [ksy rek'ks ds flok dqN Hkh ugha vkSj ;s rks t+kfgj gS fdvkf[k+jr dk ?kj ¼csfg'r½ ijgst+xkjks ds fy, mlds cnj ogkW ¼dbZ xquk½ csgrj gS rks D;k rqe¼bruk Hkh½ ugha le>rs ¼32½ge [kwc tkurs gSa fd mu yksxksa dh cdcd rqe dks lnek igq¡pkrh gS rks ¼rqe dks le>uk pkfg,fd½ ;s yksx rqe dks ugha >qBykrs cfYd ¼;s½ t+kfye ¼gd+hd+ru½ vYykg dh vk;rksa ls bUdkjdjrs gSa ¼33½vkSj ¼dqN rqe gh ij ugha½ rqels igys Hkh cgqrsjs jlwy >qByk, tk pqds gSa rks mUgksusa vius

qByk, tkus vkSj vt+h;r ¼o rdyhQ½ ij lcz fd;k ;gk¡ rd fd gekjh enn muds ikl vk;hvkSj ¼D;ksa u vkrh½ vYykg dh ckrksa dk dksbZ cnyus okyk ugha gS vkSj iSx+Ecj ds gkykr rksrqEgkjs ikl igq¡p gh pqds gSa ¼34½vxjps mu yksxksa dh jnfxjnkuh ¼eq¡g Qsjuk½ rqe ij Ókd t+#j gS ¼ysfdu½ vxj rqEgkjk cl pysrks t+ehu ds vUnj dksbZ lqjxa

ks tc mu ¼ds lj½ ij gekjk vt+kc vk [kM+k gqvk rks og yksx D;ksa ugha fxM+fxM+k, ¼fd gevt+kc nQk dj nsrs½ exj muds fny rks l[+r gks x, Fks vksj mudh dkjLrkfu;ksa dks ÓSrku usvkjkLrk dj fn[kk;k Fkk ¼fQj D;ksadj fxM+fxM+krs½ ¼43½fQj ftldh mUgsa ulhgr dh x;h Fkh tc mldks Hkwy x, rks geus mu ij ¼qByk;k rks pwWfd cndkjh djrs Fks ¼gekjk½ vt+kc mudksiyV tk,xk ¼49½¼,s jlwy½ muls dg nks fd eS rks ;s ugha dgrk fd esjs ikl vYykg ds [k+t+kus gSa ¼fd bekuykus ij ns nwWxk½ vkSj u eS xS+c ds ¼dqy gkykr½ tkurk gw¡ vkSj u eS rqels ;s dgrk gw¡ fd eSQfj'rk gw¡ eS rks cl tks ¼vYykg dh rjQ ls½ esjs ikl ogh dh tkrh gS mlh dk ikcUn gw¡¼muls iwNks rks½ fd vU/kk vkSj vk¡[k okyk cjkcj gks ldrk gS rks D;k rqe ¼bruk Hkh½ ughalksprs ¼50½vkSj bl d+qjku ds t+fj, ls rqe mu yksxksa dks Mjkvks tks bl ckr dk [+kkSQ j[krs gSa fd og¼ejus ds ckn½ vius [+k+qnk ds lkeus tek fd;s tk;saxs ¼vkSj ;g le>rs gS fd½ mudk vYykg ds

flok u dksbZ ljijLr gs vkSj u dksbZ flQkfj'k djus okyk rkfd ;s yksx ijgst+xkj cu tk,W¼51½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ tks yksx lqcg o Óke vius ijojfnxkj ls mldh [+k+q'kuwnh dh reUuk esa nqvkW,ekWxk djrs gSa& mudks vius ikl ls u /kqRdkjks&u muds ¼fglkc fdrkc dh½ tokc nsgh dqN mudsft+Ees gS rkfd rqe mUgsa ¼bl [+;ky ls½ /kqRdkj crkvks rks rqe t+kfye ¼ds Óqekj½ esa gks tkvksxs¼52½vkSj blh rjg geus ckt+ vknfe;ksa dks ckt+ ls vkt+ek;k rkfd og yksx dgsa fd gk,W D;k ;syksx geesa ls gSa ftu ij [+k+qnk us viuk Q+ty o dje fd;k gS ¼;g rks le>rs dh½ D;kvYykg ÓqØ xqt+kjksa dks Hkh ugh tkurk ¼53½vkSj tks yksx gekjh vk;rksa ij bZeku yk, gSa rqEgkjs ikl vk¡, rks rqe lykequ vySdqe ¼rqe ij[+k+qnk dh lykerh gks½ dgks rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us vius Åij jger ykft+e dj yh gS cs'kd rqeesa ls tks Ó[+l uknkuh ls dksbZ xqukg dj cSBs mlds ckn fQj rkSck djs vkSj viuh gkyr dh¼vlykg djs vYykg mldk xqukg c[+'k nsxk D;ksafd½ og ;d+huh cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS¼54½vkSj ge ¼viuh½ vk;rksa dks ;wW rQ+lhy ls c;ku djrs gSa rkfd xqukgxkjksa dh jkg ¼lc ij½[kqy tk, vkSj og bl ij u pys ¼55½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eq>ls mldh eukgh dh xbZ gS fd eSa vYykg dks NksM+dj mu ekcwnksadh bcknr d#a ftu dks rqe iwtk djrs gks ¼;s Hkh½ dg nks fd eS rks rqEgkjh ¼ukQlkuh½[+okfg'k ij pyus dk ugha ¼ojuk½ fQj rks eS xqejkg gks tkÅWxk vkSj fgnk;r ;kQrk yksxksa esa ujgw¡xk ¼56½rqe dg nks fd eS rks vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls ,d jkS'ku nyhy ij gwW vkSj rqeus mls>qByk fn;k ¼rks½ rqe ftl dh tYnh djrs gks ¼vt+kc½ og dqN esjs ikl ¼,[+fr;kj esa½ rks gSugha gqdwer rks cl t+#j [+k+qnk gh ds fy, gS og rks ¼gd+½ c;ku djrk gS vkSj og rekeQSlyk djus okyksa ls csgrj gS ¼57½¼mu yksxksa ls½ dg nks fd ftl ¼vt+kc½ dh rqe tYnh djrs gks vxj og esjs ikl ¼,[+fr;kjesa½ gksrk rks esjs vkSj rqEgkjs njfE;ku dk QSlyk dc dk pqd x;k gksrk vkSj vYykg rks t+kfyeksals [kwc okfd+Q gS ¼58½

vkSj mlds ikl x+Sc dh dqfUt;kW gSa ftudks mlds flok dksbZ ugh tkurk vkSj tks dqN [+kq'kdhvkSj rjh esa gS mldks ¼Hkh½ ogh tkurk gS vkSj dksbZ iRrk Hkh ugha [kVdrk exj og mls t+#jtkurk gS vkSj t+ehu dh rkfjfd+;ksa esa dksbZ nkuk vkSj u dksbZ [+kq'd pht+ gS exj og uwjkuhfdrkc ¼ykSgs egQwt+½ esa ekStwn gS ¼59½og ogh ¼vYykg½ gS tks rqEgsa jkr dks ¼uhan esa ,d rjg ij nqfu;k ls½ mBk ysrk gs vkSj tksdqN rwus fnu dks fd;k gS tkurk gS fQj rqEgsa fnu dks mBk dj [kM+k djrk gS rkfd ¼ft+Unxhdh½ ¼og½ fe;kn tks ¼mlds bYe esa½ eqv¸;qu gS iwjh dh tk, fQj ¼rks vkf[k+j½ rqe lcdks mlhdh rjQ ykSVuk gS fQj tks dqN rqe ¼nqfu;k esa Hkyk cqjk½ djrs gks rqEgsa crk nsxk ¼60½og vius cUnksa ij x+kfyc gS og rqe yksxksa ij fuxsgcku ¼Q+fj'rrsa rSukr djds½ Hkstrk gS&;gk¡rd fd tc rqe esa ls fdlh dh ekSr vk, rks gekjs Hksts gq;s Q+fj'rs mldks ¼nqfu;k ls½ mBkysrs gSa vkSj og ¼gekjs rkehys gqDe esa t+jk Hkh½ dksrkgh ugha djrs ¼61½fQj ;s yksx vius lPps ekfyd [+k+qnk ds ikl okil cqyk, x,&vkxkg jgks fd gqd+wer [k+kl mlhds fy, gS vkSj og lcls T+;knk fglkc ysus okyk gS ¼62½¼,s jlwy½ muls iwNks fd rqe [k+q'dh vkSj rjh ds ¼?kVkVksi½ vW/ksjksa ls dkSu NqVdkjk nsrk gS ftllsrqe fxM+ fxM+kdj vkSj ¼pqids½ nqvk,W ekWxrs gks fd vxj og gesa ¼vc dh nQ+k½ ml ¼cyk½ lsNqVdkjk ns rks ge t+#j mlds ÓqØ xqt+kj ¼cUns gksdj½ jgsxsa ¼63½rqe dgks mu ¼eqlhcrksa½ ls vkSj gj cyk esa [+k+qnk rqEgsa utkr nsrk gS ¼exj vQlksl½ ml ij Hkhrqe f'kdZ djrs gh tkrs gks ¼64½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ogh ml ij vPNh rjg d+kcw j[krk gS fd vxj ¼pkgs rks½ rqe ijvt+kc rqEgkjs ¼lj ds½ Åij ls ukft+y djs ;k rqEgkjs ikWo ds uhps ls ¼mBkdj [kM+k dj ns½ ;k,d fxjksg dks nwljs ls fHkM+k ns vkSj rqe esa ls dqN yksxksa dks ckt+ vknfe;ksa dh yM+kbZ dk et+kp[kk ns t+jk x+kSj rks djks ge fdl fdl rjg viuh vk;rksa dks myV iqyV ds c;ku djrs gSarkfd yksx le>s ¼65½vkSj mlh ¼d+qjku½ dks rqEgkjh d+kSe us >qByk fn;k gkykWfd og cjgd+ gS ¼,s jlwy½ rqe mulsdgks fd eSa rqe ij dqN fuxsgcku rks gwW ugha gj [k+cj ¼ds iwjk gksus½ dk ,d [k+kl oD+r eqd+jZjgS vkSj vud+jhc ¼tYnh½ gh rqe tku yksxs ¼66½vkSj tc rqe mu yksxksa dks ns[kks tks gekjh vk;rksa esa csgwnk cgl dj jgs gSa rks mu ¼ds ikl½

ls Vy tkvks ;gk¡ rd fd og yksx mlds flok fdlh vkSj ckr esa cgl djus yxsa vkSj vxj¼gekjk ;s gqDe½ rqEgsa ÓSrku Hkqyk ns rks ;kn vkus ds ckn t+kfye yksxksa ds lkFk gjfxt+ u cSBuk¼67½vkSj ,sls yksxksa ¼ds fglkc fdrkc½ dk tokc nsgh dqN ijgst+xkjks ij rks gS ugha exj ¼flQZulhgru½ ;kn fnykuk ¼pkfg,½ rkfd ;s yksx Hkh ijgst+xkj cusa ¼68½vkSj ftu yksxksa us vius nhu dks [ksy vkSj rek'kk cuk j[kk gS vkSj nqfu;k dh ft+Unxh us mudks /kksds esa Mky j[kk gS ,sls yksxksa dks NksM+ks vkSj d++qjku ds t+fj, ls mudks ulhgr djrs jgks¼,slk u gks fd dksbZ½ Ó[+l vius djrwr dh cnkSyr eqfCryk, cyk gks tk, ¼D;ksafd ml oD+r½rks vYykg ds flok mldk u dksbZ ljijLr gksxk u flQkfj'kh vkSj vxj og vius xqukg ds,sot+ lkjs ¼tgk¡u dk½ cnyk Hkh ns rks Hkh muesa ls ,d u fy;k tk,xk tks yksx viuh djuhdh cnkSyr eqfCryk, cyk gq, gS mudks ihus ds fy, [kkSyrk gqvk xeZ ikuh ¼feysxk½ vkSj ¼muij½ nnZukd vt+kc gksxk D;ksadj og dqÝ+ fd;k djrs Fks ¼69½¼,s jlwy½ muls iwNks rks fd D;k ge yksx [+k+qnk dks NksM+dj mu ¼ekcwnksa½ ls equkt+kr ¼nqvk½ djstks u rks gesa uQ+k igqWpk ldrs gSa u gekjk dqN fcxkM+ gh ldrs gSa& vkSj tc vYykg gekjhfgnk;r dj pqdk½ mlds ckn mYVs iko¡ dqÝ dh rjQ ml Ó[+l dh rjg fQj tk,W ftls ÓSrkuksaus taxy esa HkVdk fn;k gks vkSj og gSjku ¼ijs'kku½ gks ¼fd dgk tk, D;k djsa½ vkSj mldsdqN jQhd+ gks fd mls jkgs jkLr ¼lh/ks jkLrs½ dh rjQ iqdkjrs jg tk,W fd ¼m/kj½ gekjs iklvkvks vkSj og ,d u lqus ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd fgnk;r rks cl vYykg dh fgnk;r gSvkSj gesa rks gqDe gh fn;k x;k gS fd ge lkjs tgkWu ds ijojfnxkj vYykg ds Qjekcjnkj gSa¼70½vkSj ;s ¼Hkh gqDe gqvk gS½ fd ikcUnh ls uekt+ i

vkSj ¼ftl rjg geus bcjkghe dks fn[kk;k Fkk fd cqr d+kfcys ijlfr'k ¼iwtus ds d+kfcy½ ugha½mlh rjg ge bcjkghe dks lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu dh lYrur dk ¼bUrt+ke½ fn[kkrs jgs rkfdog ¼gekjh ognkfu;r dk½ ;d+hu djus okyksa ls gks tk,W ¼75½rks tc mu ij jkr dh rkjhd+h ¼va/ksjk½ Nk x;h rks ,d flrkjs dks ns[kk rks nQvru cksy mBs¼gk, D;k½ ;gh esjk vYykg gS fQj tc og Mwc x;k rks dgus yxs x++q#c ¼Mwc½ gks tkus okyhpht+ dks rks eS ¼vYykg cukuk½ ilUn ugha djrk ¼76½fQj tc pk¡n dks txexkrk gqvk ns[kk rks cksy mBs ¼D;k½ ;gh esjk vYykg gS fQj tc og Hkhx+q#c gks x;k rks dgus yxs fd vxj ¼dgha½ esjk ¼vlyh½ ijojfnxkj esjh fgnk;r u djrk rkseSa t+#j xqejkg yksxksa esa gks tkrk ¼77½fQj tc vkQrkc dks nedrk gqvk ns[kk rks dgus yxs ¼D;k½ ;gh esjk [+k+qnk gS ;s rks lclscM+k ¼Hkh½ gS fQj tc ;s Hkh x+q#c gks x;k rks dgus yxs ,s esjh d+kSe ftu ftu pht+ksa dks rqeyksx ¼vYykg dk½ Ójhd cukrs gks muls eSa cst+kj gw¡ ¼78½¼;s gjfxt+ ugha gks ldrs½ eSus rks ckfry ls drjkdj mldh rjQ ls eq¡g dj fy;k gS ftluscgqrsjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu iSnk fd, vkSj eSa eq'kjsdhu ls ugha gw¡ ¼79½vkSj mudh d+kSe ds yksx muls gqTtr djus yxs rks bcjkghe us dgk Fkk D;k rqe eq>ls [+k+qnk dsckjs esa gqTtr djrs gks gkykWfd og ;d+huh esjh fgnk;r dj pqdk vkSj rqe es ftu cqrksa dksmldk Ójhd ekurs gks eS muls Mjrk ¼ojrk½ ugha ¼og esjk dqN ugha dj ldrs½ exj gkW esjkvYykg [kqn ¼djuk½ pkgs rks vycÙkk dj ldrk gS esjk ijojfnxkj rks ck,rckj bYe ds lc ijgkoh gS rks D;k ml ij Hkh rqe ulhgr ugha ekurs ¼80½vkSj ftUgsa rqe [+k+qnk dk Ójhd crkrs gks eS mu ls D;ksa M#¡ tc rqe bl ckr ls ugha Mjrs fdrqeus vYykg dk Ójhd ,slh pht+ksa dks cuk;k gS ftudh [+k+qnk us dksbZ lun rqe ij ugha ukft+ydh fQj vxj rqe tkurs gks rks ¼Hkyk crkvks rks lgh fd½ ge nksuksa Qjhd+ ¼fxjksg½ esa veud+k;e j[kus dk T+;knk gd+nkj dkSu gS ¼81½ftu yksxksa us bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vius bZeku dks t+qYe ¼f'kdZ½ ls vkywnk ugha fd;k mUghayksxksa ds fy, veu ¼o brfeuku½ gS vkSj ;gh yksx fgnk;r ;kQ+rk gSa ¼82½

vkSj ;s gekjh ¼le>kbZ cq>kbZ½ nyhysa gSa tks geus bcjkghe dks viuh d+kSe ij ¼x+kfyc vkus dsfy,½ vrk dh Fkh ge ftlds ejrcs pkgrs gSa cqyUn djrs gSa cs'kd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj fgd+erokyk ck[k+cj gS ¼83½vkSj geus bcjkghe dks blgkd+ ok ;kd+wc ¼lk csVk iksrk½ vrk fd;k geus lcdh fgnk;r dhvkSj muls igys uwg dks ¼Hkh½ ge gh us fgnk;r dh vkSj mUgha ¼bcjkghe½ dks vkSykn ls nkÅno lqyseku o v¸;wc o ;wlqQ o ewlk o gk#u ¼lc dh geus fgnk;r dh½ vkSj usdksa dkjksa dksge ,slk gh bYe vrk Qjekrs gSa ¼84½vkSj t+dfj;k o ;g;k o bZlk o bfy;kl ¼lc dh fgnk;r dh ¼vkSj ;s½ lc ¼vYykg ds½ usdcUnksa ls gSa ¼85½vkSj blekby o bfy;kl o ;quwl o ywr ¼dh Hkh fgnk;r dh½ vkSj lc dks lkjs tgk¡u ijQt+hyr vrk dh ¼86½vkSj ¼flQZ mUgha dks ugha cfYd½ muds cki nknkvksa vkSj mudh vkSykn vkSj muds HkkbZ cUnksa esals ¼cgqrsjksa dks½ vkSj muds eqUrf[k+c fd;k vkSj mUgsa lh/kh jkg dh fgnk;r dh ¼87½¼ns[kks½ ;s vYykg dh fgnk;r gS vius cUnksa ls ftldks pkgs mlhdh otg ls jkg ij yk, vkSjvxj mu yksxksa us f'kdZ fd;k gksrk rks mudk fd;k ¼/kjk½ lc vdkjr gks tkrk ¼88½¼iSx+Ecj½ og yksx Fks ftudks geus ¼vklekuh½ fdrkc vkSj gqdwer vkSj uqcwor vrk QjekbZ ilvxj ;s yksx mls Hkh u ekus rks ¼dqN ijokg ugha½ geus rks ml ij ,sls yksxksa dks eqd+jZj djfn;k gs tks ¼mudh rjg½ bUdkj djus okys ugha ¼89½¼;s vxys iSx+Ecj½ og yksx Fks ftudh vYykg us fgnk;r dh il rqe Hkh mudh fgnk;r dhiSjoh djks ¼,s jlwy mu ls½ dgks fd eS rqe ls bl ¼fjlkyr½ dh et+nwjh dqN ugha pkgrk lkjstgk¡u ds fy, flQZ ulhgr gS ¼90½vkSj cl vkSj mu yksxksa ¼;gwn½ us [+k+qnk dh tSlh d+nj djuh pkfg, u dh blfy, fd mu yksxksaus ¼csgwns iu ls½ ;s dg fn;k fd [+k+qnk us fdlh c'kj ¼bulku½ ij dqN ukft+y ugha fd;k ¼,sjlwy½ rqe iwNks rks fd fQj og fdrkc ftls ewlk ysdj vk, Fks fdlus ukft+y dh tks yksxksa dsfy, jkS'kuh vkSj ¼vt+ljrkik¼lj ls iSj rd½ fgnk;r ¼Fkh ftls rqe yksxksa us vyx&vyx djdsdkx+th vkSjkd+ ¼dkxt+ ds iUus½ cuk Mkyk vkSj blesa dks dqN fgLlk ¼tks rqEgkjs eryc dk gSog½ rks t+kfgj djrs gks vkSj cgqrsjs dks ¼tks f[k+ykQ envk gS½ fNikrs gks gkykWfd mlh fdrkc

ds t+fj, ls rqEgsa oks ckrsa fl[kk;h x;h ftUgsa u rqe tkurs Fks vkSj u rqEgkjs cki nknk ¼,s jlwyog rks tokc nsxsa ugha½ rqe gh dg nks fd vYykg us ¼ukft+y QjekbZ½ ¼91½mlds ckn mUgsa NksM+ ds ¼iMs+ >d ekjk djsa ¼vkSj½ viuh rw rw eS eS esa [ksyrs fQjsa vkSj ¼d+qjku½Hkh og fdrkc gS ftls geus ckcjdr ukft+y fd;k vkSj ml fdrkc dh rlnhd+ djrh gS tksmlds lkeus ¼igys ls½ ekStwn gS vkSj ¼bl okLrs ukft+y fd;k gS½ rkfd rqe mlds t+fj, ls ,gyseDdk vkSj mlds ,rjkQ+ ds jgus okyksa dks ¼[k+kSQ vYykg ls½ Mjkvks vkSj tks yksx vkf[k+jr ijbeku j[krs gSa og rks ml ij ¼cs rkEeqy½ beku ykrs gS vkSj ogh viuh viuh uekt+ esa HkhikcUnh djrs gSa ¼92½vkSj mlls cwB ¼ewB½ bQ+rsjk djds dgs fd gekjs iklogh vk;h gS gkykWfd mlds ikl ogh oxS+jg dqN Hkh ugh vk;h ;k og Ó[+l nkok djs fd tSlkd+qjku [+k+qnk us ukft+y fd;k gS oSlk eS Hkh ¼vHkh½ vud+jhc ¼tYnh½ ukft+y fd, nsrk gw¡ vkSj ¼,sjlwy½ dk'k rqe ns[krs fd ;s t+kfye ekSr dh l[+fr;ksa esa iM+sa gSa vkSj Qfj'rs mudh rjQ ¼tkufudky ysus ds okLrs½ gkFk yidk jgs gSa vkSj dgrs tkrs gSa fd viuh tkusa fudkyks vkt gh rksrqe dks #lokbZ ds vt+kc dh lt+k nh tk,xh D;ksafd rqe vYykg ij ukgd+ ¼ukgd+½ >wB NksM+kdjrs Fks vkSj mldh vk;rksa dks ¼lqudj mu½ ls vdM+k djrs Fks ¼93½vkSj vkf[k+j rqe gekjs ikl blh rjg rUgk vk, ¼uk½ ftl rjg geus rqe dks igyh ckj iSnkfd;k Fkk vkSj tks ¼eky o vkSykn½ geus rqedks fn;k Fkk og lc vius iLr iq'r ¼ihNs½ NksM+vk, vkSj rqEgkjs lkFk rqEgkjs mu flQkfj'k djus okyksa dks Hkh ugha ns[krs ftu dks rqe [+;kydjrs Fks fd og rqEgkjh ¼ijofj'k oxS+jg½ eS ¼gekjs½ lk>snkj gS vc rks rqEgkjs ckgjh rkYyqd+kreud+rvk ¼[+kRe½ gks x, vkSj tks dqN [+;ky djrs Fks og lc rqe ls x+k;c gks x, ¼94½[+k+qnk gh rks xqByh vkSj nkus dks phj ¼djds nj[+r Åxkrk½ gS ogh eqnsZ esa ls ft+Uns dks fudkyrkgS vkSj ogh ft+Unk ls eqnsZ dks fudkyus okyk gS ¼yksxksa½ ogh rqEgkjk vYykg gS fQj rqe fd/kjcgds tk jgs gks ¼95½mlh ds fy, lqcg dh ikS QVh vkSj mlh us vkjke ds fy, jkr vkSj fglkc ds fy, lwjt vkSjpk¡n cuk, ;s vYykg, x+kfyc o nkuk ds eqd+jZj fd, gq, fdjnk ¼mlwy½ gSa ¼96½vkSj og ogh ¼vYykg½ gS ftlus rqEgkjs ¼uQs ds½ okLrs flrkjs iSnk fd, rkfd rqe tWxyksa vkSjnfj;kvksa dh rkfjfd+;ksa ¼va/ksjksa½ esa muls jkg ekywe djks tks yksx okfd+Qdkj gSa muds fy, geus¼viuh d++qnjr dh½ fu'kkfu;k¡ [k+wc rQ+lhy ls c;ku dj nh gSa ¼97½

vkSj og ogh [+k+qnk gS ftlus rqe yksxksa dks ,d Ó[+l ls iSnk fd;k fQj ¼gj Ó[+l ds½ d+jkjdh txg ¼cki dh iq'r ¼ihB½½ vkSj lkSaius dh txg ¼ek¡ dk isV½ eqd+jZj gS geus le>nkj yksxksads okLrs ¼viuh dq+njr dh½ fu'kkfu;k¡ [+kwc rQlhy ls c;ku dj nh gSa ¼98½vkSj og ogh ¼d+kfnj rokuk gS½ ftlus vkleku ls ikuh cjlk;k fQj ge gh us mlds t+fj, lsgj pht+ ds dks, fudkysa fQj ge gh us mlls gjh Hkjh Vgfu;k¡ fudkyha fd mlls ge ckgexqRFks nkus fudkyrs gSa vkSj Nqgkjs ds cksj ¼eqfUtj½ ls yVds gq, xqPNs iSnk fd, vkSj vaxwj vkSjt+Srwu vkSj vukj ds ckx+kr tks ckge lwjr esa ,d nwljs ls feyrs tqyrs vkSj ¼ets+ esa½ tqnk tqnktc ;s fi?kys vkSj iDds rks mlds Qy dh rjQ x+kSj rks djks cs'kd veu esa bekunkj yksxksa dsfy, cgqr lh ¼[+k+qnk dh½ fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼99½vkSj mu ¼dEc[+rksa½ us ftUukr dks vYykg dk Ójhd cuk;k gkykWfd ftUukr dks Hkh vYykg ghus iSnk fd;k ml ij Hkh mu yksxksa us cs le>s cw>s vYykg ds fy, csVs csfV;k¡ xkus okyh pht+s vk gh pqdha fQj tks ns[ks ¼le>s½ rks vius ne ds fy, vkSjtks vU/kk cus rks ¼mldk t+jj ¼uqdlku½ Hkh½ [k+qn ml ij gS vkSj ¼,s jlwy mu ls dg nks½ fdeS rqe yksxksa dk dqN fuxsgcku rks gw¡ ugha ¼104½vkSj ge ¼viuh½ vk;rsa ;wW myV Qsjdj c;ku djrs gS ¼rkfd gqTtr reke gks½ vkSj rkfd ogyksx t+ckuh Hkh bd+jkj dj ysa fd rqeus ¼d+qjku muds lkeus½ i

tks dqN rqEgkjs ikl rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls ^ogh* dh tk, cl mlh ij pyks vYykg dsflok dksbZ ekcwn ugha vkSj eq'fjdks ls fdukjk d'k jgks ¼106½vkSj vxj [+k+qnk pkgrk rks ;s yksx f'kdZ gh u djrs vkSj geus rqedks mu yksxksa dk fuxsgcku rkscuk;k ugha gS vkSj u rqe muds ft+Eesnkj gks ¼107½vkSj ;s ¼eq'kjsdhu½ ftu dh vYykg ds flok ¼vYykg le> dj½ bcknr djrs gSa mUgsa rqe cqjku dgk djks ojuk ;s yksx Hkh [+k+qnk dks fcuk le>sa vnkor ls cqjk ¼Hkyk½ dg cSBsa ¼vkSj yksxmudh [+okfg'k uQlkuh ds½ bl rjg ikcUn gq, fd xks;k geus [k+qn gj fxjksg ds vkeky mudkslWokdj vPNs dj fn[kk, fQj mUgsa rks ¼vkf[+kjdkj½ vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ykSV dj tkuk gSrc tks dqN nqfu;k esa dj jgs Fks [+k+qnk mUgsa crk nsxk ¼108½vkSj mu yksxksa us vYykg dh l[+r l[+r d+lesa [kk;ha fd vxj muds ikl dksbZ ekSfttk+ vk, rksog t+:j ml ij beku yk,¡xs ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dgks fd ekSftt+s rks cl vYykg gh ds ikl gSavkSj rqEgsa D;k ekywe ;s ;d+huh ckr gS fd tc ekSftt+k Hkh vk,xk rks Hkh ;s bZeku u yk,¡xs¼109½vkSj ge muds fny vkSj mudh vk¡[ksa myV iyV dj nsaxs ftl rjg ;s yksx dq+jku ij igyhejrck bZeku u yk, vkSj ge mUgsa mudh ljd'kh dh gkyr esa NksM+ nsaxs fd ljfxjnk¡ ¼ijs'kku½jgsa ¼110½vkSj ¼,s jlwy lp rks ;s gS fd½ ge vxj muds ikl Qfj'rs Hkh ukft+y djrs vkSj muls eqnsZHkh ckrsa djus yxrs vkSj reke ¼e[+kQ+h¼Nqih½ pht+sa ¼tSls tUur o ukj ox+Sjg½ vxj og fxjksgmuds lkeus yk [kM+s djrs rks Hkh ;s bZeku ykus okys u Fks exj tc vYykg pkgs ysfdu muesads vDlj ugha tkurs ¼111½fd vkSj ¼,s jlwy ftl rjg ;s dq+Q+kj rqEgkjs nq'eu gSa½ mlh rjg ¼xks;k geus [+k+qn vkt+ekb'kds fy, Ójhj vknfe;ksa vkSj ftuksa dks gj uch dk nq'eu cuk;k og yksx ,d nwljs dks Qjsc nsusdh x+jt+ ls fpduh pqiM+h ckrksa dh ljx+ks'kh djrs gSa vkSj vxj rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj pkgrk rks ;syksx½ ,slh gjdr djus u ikrs ¼112½rks mudks vkSj mudh bQ+rsjk ijnkft+;ksa dks NksM+ nks vkSj ;s ¼;s ljx+ksf'k;k¡ blfy, Fkha½ rkfd tksyksx vkf[+kjr ij beku ugha yk, muds fny mu ¼dh Ójkjr½ dh rjQ ek;y ¼f[akp½ gks tk,¡vkSj mUgsa ilUn djsa ¼113½

vkSj rkfd tks yksx bQ+rsjk ijnkft+;k¡ ;s yksx [k+qn djrs gSa og Hkh djus yxsa ¼D;k rqe ;s pkgrsgks fd½ eSa vYykg dks NksM+ dj fdlh vkSj dks lkfyl ryk'k d#¡ gkykWfd og ogh vYykg gSftlus rqEgkjs ikl okt+s, fdrkc ukft+y dh vkSj ftu yksxksa dks geus fdrkc vrk QjekbZ gS og;d+huh rkSj ij tkurs gSa fd ;s ¼dq+jku Hkh½ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls cjgd+ ukft+y fd;kx;k gS ¼114½rks rqe ¼dgha½ Ód djus okyksa ls u gks tkuk vkSj lPpkbZ vkSj bUlkQ esa rks rqEgkjs ijojfnxkjdh ckr iwjh gks xbZ dksbZ mldh ckrksa dk cnyus okyk ugha vkSj ogh cM+k lquus okykokfd+Qdkj gS ¼115½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ nqfu;k esa rks cgqrsjs yksx ,sls gSa fd rqe muds dgus ij pyks rks rqedks vYykgdh jkg ls cgdk nsa ;s yksx rks flQZ vius [+;kykr dh iSjoh djrs gSa vkSj ;s yksx rks clvVdy iPpw ckrsa fd;k djrs gSa ¼116½¼rks rqe D;k tkuksa½ tks yksx mldh jkg ls cgds gq, gSa mudks ¼dqN½ vYykg gh [k+wc tkurk gSvkSj og rks fgnk;r ;krk yksxksa ls Hkh [k+wc okfd+Q gS ¼117½rks vxj rqe mldh vk;rksa ij bZeku j[krs gks rks ftl t+hcg ij ¼oD+rs ft+ckg½ vYykg dkuke fy;k x;k gks mlh dks [kkvks ¼118½vkSj rqEgsa D;k gks x;k gS fd ftl ij [+k+qnk dk uke fy;k x;k gks mlesa ugha [kkrs gks gkykWfdtks pht+sa mlus rqe ij gjke dj nha gSa og rqels rQlhyu c;ku dj nha gSa exj ¼gk¡½ tc rqeetcwj gks rks vycRrk ¼gjke Hkh [kk ldrs gks½ vkSj cgqrsjs rks ¼[+okge[+okg½ viuh uQlkuh[+okfg'kksa ls cs le>s cw>s ¼yksxksa dks½ cgdk nsrs gSa vkSj rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj rks gd+ ls rtkfot+djus okyksa ls [k+wc okfd+Q gS ¼119½¼,s yksxksa½ t+kfgjh vkSj ckfruh xqukg ¼nksuksa½ dks ¼fcYdqy½ NksM+ nks tks yksx xqukg djrs gSa mUgsavius vkeky dk vud+jhc gh cnyk fn;k tk,xk ¼120½vkSj ftl ¼t+chgs½ ij vYykg dk uke u fy;k x;k mlesa ls er [kkvks ¼D;ksafd½ ;s cs'kdcnpyuh gS vkSj Ó;krhu rks vius gok [+kokgksa ds fny esa ololk Mkyk gh djrs gSa rkfd ogrqels ¼csdkj½ >xM+s fd;k djsa vkSj vxj ¼dgha½ rqeus mudk dguk eku fy;k rks ¼le> j[kksfd½ cs'kqcgk rqe Hkh eq'kfjd gks ¼121½D;k tks Ó[+l ¼igys½ eqnkZ Fkk fQj geus mldks ft+Unk fd;k vkSj mlds fy, ,d uwj cuk;k

ftlds t+fj, og yksxksa esa ¼csrdYyqQ+½ pyrk fQjrk gS ml Ó[+l dk lkeuk gks ldrk gSftldh ;s gkyr gS fd ¼gj rjQ ls½ v¡/ksjs esa ¼Q¡lk gqvk gS½ fd ogk¡ ls fdlh rjg fudyugha ldrk ¼ftl rjg eksfeuksa ds okLrs bZeku vkjkLrk fd;k x;k½ mlh rjg dkfQjksa ds okLrsmuds vkeky ¼cn½ vkjkLrk dj fn, x, gSa ¼122½¼fd Hkyk gh Hkyk ut+j vkrk gS½ vkSj ftl rjg eDds esa gS mlh rjg geus gj cLrh esa mudsdqlwjokjksa dks ljnkj cuk;k rkfd muesa eDdkjh fd;k djsa vkSj og yksx tks dqN djrs gSa viusgh gd+ esa ¼cqjk½ djrs gSa vkSj le>rs ¼rd½ ugha ¼123½vkSj tc muds ikl dksbZ fu'kkuh ¼uch dh rlnhd+ ds fy,½ vkbZ gS rks dgrs gSa tc rd gedks[k+qn oSlh pht+ ¼ogh ox+Sjg½ u nh tk,xh tks iSx+Ecjkus [+k+qnk dks nh xbZ gS ml oD+r rd rksge bZeku u yk,¡xs vkSj [+k+qnk tgk¡ ¼ftl fny esa½ viuh iSx+Ecjh d+jkj nsrk gS mldh ¼dkcfy;ro lykfg;r½ dks [k+wc tkurk gS tks yksx ¼ml tqeZ ds½ eqtfje gSa mudks vud+jhc mudh eDdkjhdh lt+k esa vYykg ds ;gk¡ cM+h ft+Yyr vkSj l[+r vt+kc gksxk ¼124½rks [+k+qnk ftl Ó[+l dks jkg jkLr fn[kkuk pkgrk gS mlds lhus dks bLyke ¼dh nkSfy;r½ dsokLrs ¼lkQ+ vkSj½ dq'kknk ¼pkSM+k½ dj nsrk gS vkSj ftldks xqejkgh dh gkyr esa NksM+uk pkgrk gSmuds lhus dks rax nq'okj x+qckj dj nsrk gS xks;k ¼dqcwy beku½ mlds fy, vkleku ij p

¼fQj ge iwNsaxs fd D;ksa½ ,s fxjksg ftu o bUl D;k rqEgkjs ikl rqe gh esa ds iSx+Ecj ugha vk,tks rqe rqels gekjh vk;rsa c;ku djsa vkSj rqEgsa rqEgkjs ml jkst+ ¼d+;ker½ ds is'k vkus ls Mjk,¡og lc vtZ+ djsaxs ¼cs'kd vk, Fks½ ge [k+qn vius Åij vki vius ¼f[+kykQ½ xokgh nsrs gSa¼okdbZ½ mudks nqfu;k dh ¼pUn jkst+½ ft+Unxh us mUgsa v¡/ksjs esa Mky j[kk vkSj mu yksxksa us viusf[+kykQ vki xokgh nha ¼130½cs'kd ;s lc ds lc dkfQj Fks vkSj ;s ¼iSx+Ecjksa dk Hkstuk flQZ½ ml otg ls gS fd rqEgkjkijojfnxkj dHkh cfLr;ksa dks t+qYe t+cjnLrh ls ogk¡ ds ckf'kUnksa ds x+Qyr dh gkyr esa gykdugha fd;k djrk ¼131½vkSj ftlus tSlk ¼Hkyk ;k cqjk½ fd;k gS mlh ds eqokfQ+d gj ,d ds njtkr gSa ¼132½vkSj tks dqN og yksx djrs gSa rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj mlls cs[+kcj ugha vkSj rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj csijokg jge okyk gS & vxj pkgs rks rqe lcds lcdks ¼nqfu;k ls mM+k½ ys yk, vkSj rqEgkjs cknftldks pkgs rqEgkj tku'khu cuk, ftl rjg vkf[+kj rqEgsa nwljs yksxksa dh vkSykn ls iSnk fd;k gS¼133½cs'kd ftl pht+ dk rqels ok;nk fd;k tkrk gS og t+:j ¼,d u ,d fnu½ vkus okyh gS¼134½vkSj rqe mlds ykus esa ¼vYykg dks½ vkftt+ ugha dj ldrs ¼,s jlwy rqe muls½ dgks fd ,sesjh d+kSe rqe ctk, [+k+qn tks pkgks djks eSa ¼ctk, [+k+qn½ vey dj jgk gw¡ fQj vud+jhc rqEgsaekywe gks tk,xk fd vk[+ksjr ¼csg'r½ fdlds fy, gS ¼rqEgkjs fy, ;k gekjs fy,½ t+kfye yksxrks gjfxt+ dke;kc u gksaxs ¼135½vkSj ;s yksx vYykg dh iSnk dh gq;h [ksrh vkSj pkSik;ksa esa ls fgLlk d+jkj nsrs gSa vkSj vius[+;ky ds eqokfQd dgrs gSa fd ;s rks [+k+qnk dk ¼fgLlk½ gS vkSj ;s gekjs Ójhdksa dk ¼;kfuftudks geus [+k+qnk dk Ójhd cuk;k½ fQj tks [+kkl muds Ójhdksa dk gS og rks [+k+qnk rd ughaigq¡pus dk vkSj tks fgLlk vYykg dk gS oks mlds Ójhdksa rd igq¡p tk,xk ;s D;k gh cqjkgqDe yxkrs gSa vkSj mlh rjg cgqrsjs eq'jdhu dks muds Ójhdksa us vius cPpksa dks ekj Mkyus dksvPNk dj fn[kk;k gS ¼136½rkfd mUgsa ¼cnh½ gykdr esa Mky nsa vkSj muds lPps nhu dks mu ij feyk tqyk nsa vkSj vxjvYykg pkgrk rks yksx ,slk dke u djrs rks rqe ¼,s jlwy½ vkSj mudh bQ+rsjk ijnkft+;ksa dks

¼[+k+qnk ij½ NksM+ nks vkSj ;s yksx vius [+;ky ds eqokfQd dgus yxs fd ;s pkSik, vkSj ;s [ksrhvNwrh gS ¼137½mudks flok mlds ftls ge pkgs a dksbZ ugha [kk ldrk vkSj ¼mudk ;s Hkh [+;ky gS½ fd dqNpkjik, ,sls gSa ftudh ihB ij lokjh yknuk gjke fd;k x;k vkSj dqN pkjik, ,sls gS ftu ij¼ft+cg ds oD+r½ [+k+qnk dk uke rd ugha ysrs vkSj fQj ;g s cw>s csodwQh ls ekj Mkyk vkSj tks jkst+h vYykgus mUgsa nh Fkh mls vYykg ij bQ+rsjk ¼cksgrku½ ck¡/k dj vius Åij gjke dj Mkyk vkSj ogl[+r ?kkVs esa gS ;s ;d+huu jkgs gd+ ls HkVd x,s vkSj ;s fgnk;r ikus okys Fks Hkh ugha ¼140½vkSj og rks ogh vYykg gS ftlus cgqrsjs ckx+ iSnk fd, ¼ftuesa eq[+rfyQ nj[+r gSa & dqN rksvaxwj dh rjg VfV~V;ksa ij½ p

vxj rqe lPps gks rks t+jk le> ds eq>s crkvks vkSj Å¡V ds ¼uj eknk½ nks vkSj xk; ds ¼ujeknk½ nks ¼,s jlwy rqe muls½ iwNks fd vYykg us mu nksuksa ¼Å¡V xk; ds½ ujksa dks gjke fd;k;k nksuksa eknfu;kas dks ;k ml cPps dks tks nksuksa eknfu;ksa ds isV vius vUnj fy;s gq, gS D;kftl oDr vYykg us rqedks mldk gqDe fn;k Fkk rqe ml oD+r ekStwn Fks fQj tks vYykg ij>wB cksrkgu ckW/ks mlls T+;knk t+kfye dkSu gksxk rkfd yksxksa ds os le>s cw>s xqejkg djsa vYykggjfxt+ t+kfye d+kSe esa eaft+ys ed+lwn rd ugha igqpkrk ¼144½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dgks fd eS rks tks ¼d+qjku½ esjs ikl ogh ds rkSj ij vk;k gS mlesa dksbZ pht+fdlh [kkus okys ij tks mldks [kk, gjke ugha ikrk exj tcfd og eqnkZ ;k cgrk gqvk [+k+wu ;klwvj dk xks'r gks rks cs'kd ;s ¼phts+½ ukikd vkSj gjke gSa ;k ¼og tkuoj½ ukQjekuh dkck,l gks fd ¼oD+rs ft+cgk½ vYykg ds flok fdlh vkSj dk uke fy;k x;k gks fQj tks 'k[+l¼gj rjg½ cscl gks tk, ¼vkSj½ ukQjeku o ljd'k u gks vkSj bl gkyr esa [kk, rks vycRrkrqEgkjk ijojfnxkj cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼145½vkSj geus ;gwfn;ksa ij reke uk[k+wunkj tkuoj gjke dj fn;s Fks vkSj xk; vkSj cdjh nksuksa dhpjfc;ka Hkh mu ij gjke dj nh Fkh exj tks pjch mudh nksuksa ihB ;k vkrksa ij yxh gks ;kgMM~h ls feyh gq;h gks ¼og gyky Fkh½ ;s geus mUgsa mudh ljd+'kh dh lt+k nh Fkh vkSj mlesarks 'kd gh ugha fd ge t+:j lPps gSa ¼146½¼,s jlwy½ ij vxj og rqEgsa >qByk,W rks rqe ¼tokc½ esa dgks fd ¼vxjps½ rqEgkjk ijojfnxkjcM+h olhg jger okyk gS exj mldk vt+kc xqukgxkj yksxksa ls Vyrk Hkh ugha ¼147½vud+jhc eq'kjsdhu dgsaxsa fd vxj vYykg pkgrk rks u ge yksx f'kdZ djrs vkSj u gekjs ckinknk vkSj u ge dksbZ pht+ vius Åij gjke djrs mlh rjg ¼ckrsa cuk cuk ds½ tks yksx mulsigys gks xqt+js gSa ¼iSx+Ecjksa dks½ >qBykrs jgs ;gk¡ rd fd mu yksxksa us gekjs vt+kc ¼ds et+s½s dksp[k+k ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dgks fd rqEgkjs ikl dksbZ nyhy gS ¼vxj gS½ rks gekjs ¼fn[kkus ds½ okLrsmldks fudkyks ¼nyhy rks D;k½ is'k djksxs rqe yksx rks flQZ vius [+;ky [k++ke dh iSjoh djrsgks vkSj flQZ vVdy iPpw ckrsa djrs gks ¼148½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dgks fd ¼vc rqEgkjs ikl dksbZ nyhy ugha gS½ vYykg rd igqapkus okyh nyhyvYykg gh ds fy, [k+kl gS ¼149½fQj vxj ogh pkgrk rks rqe lcdh fgnk;r djrk ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ¼ vPNk½ viusxokgksa dks ykdj gkft+j djks tks ;s xokgh nsa fd ;s pht+s ¼ftUgsa rqe gjke ekurs gks½ [kq+nk gh us

gjke dj nh gSa fQj vxj ¼fcyx+jt+½ og xokgh ns Hkh ns rks ¼,s jlwy½ dgha rqe muds lkFkxokgh u nsuk vkSj ftu yksxksa us gekjh vk;rksa dks >qByk;k vkSj vkf[k+jr ij bZeku ugha ykrsvkSj nwljksa dks vius ijojfnxkj dk ge lj cukrs gS mudh uQ+fl;kuh [+okfg'kksa ij u pyuk¼150½¼,s jlwy½ rqe muls dgks fd ¼cscl½ vkvks tks pht+sa vYykg us rqe ij gjke dh gSa og eSa rqEgsaiks vkSj ;rhe ds eky ds djhc Hkh u tkvks ¼151½ysfdu bl rjhds ij fd ¼mlds gd+ esa½ csgrj gks ;gk¡ rd fd og viuh tokuh dh gn dksigqap tk, vkSj bUlkQ ds lkFk uki vkSj rkSy iwjh fd;k djks ge fdlh 'k[+l dks mldh rkd+rls c yks½ fd ;gh esjk lh/kk jkLrk gS ¼152½rks mlh ij pys tkvks vkSj nwljs jkLrs ij u pyks fd og rqedks [+k+qnk ds jkLrs ls ¼HkVdkdj½frfrj fcfrj dj nsxsa ;g og ckrsa gSa ftudk vYykg us rqedks gDe fn;k gS rkfd rqe ijgst+xkjcuks ¼153½fQj geusa tks usd+h djsa ml ij viuh usver iwjh djus ds okLrs ewlk dks fd+rkc ¼rkSjkSr½ vrkQjekbZ vkSj mlesa gj pht+ dh rQ+lhy ¼c;ku dj nh ½ Fkh vkSj ¼yksxksa ds fy, vt+ljrkik¼ljls iSj rd½½ fgnk;r o jger gS rkfd og yksx viusa ijojfnxkj ds lkeus gkft+j gksus dk;d+hu djsa ¼154½vkSj ;s fdrkc ¼d+qjku½ ftldks geus ¼vc ukft+y fd;k gS D;k gS&cjd+r okyh fdrkc½ gS rksrqe yksx mlh dh iSjoh djks ¼vkSj vYykg ls½ Mjrs jgks rkfd rqe ij jge fd;k tk, ¼155½¼vkSj ,s eq'kjsdhu ;s fdrkc geus blfy, ukft+y dh fd rqe dgha½ ;g dg cSBks fd gels igysfdrkc vYykg rks cl flQZ nks gh fxjksgksa ¼;gwn o ulkjk½ ij ukft+y gq;h Fkh vxjps ge rksmuds i

;k ;s dgus yxks fd vxj ge ij fdrkcs ¼[+k+qnk ukft+y gksrh rks ge mu yksxksa ls dgha cqByk, vkSj mlls eq¡g Qsjs muls ck;k tk,½ gkykafd ftl fnu rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh ckt+ fu'kkfu;k¡ vktk,axh rks tks 'k[+l igys ls bZeku ugha yk;k gksxk ;k vius eksfeu gksus dh gkyr esa dksbZ usddke ugha fd;k gksxk rks vc mldk bZeku ykuk mldks dqN Hkh eqQ+hn u gksxk & ¼,s jlwy½ rqe¼muls½ dg nks fd ¼vPNk ;gh lgh½ rqe ¼Hkh½ bfUrt+kj djks ge Hkh bfUrt+kj djrs gSa ¼158½cs'kd ftu yksxksa us vkius nhu esa rQjd+k Mkyk vkSj dbZ Qjhd+ cu x, Fks muls dqN ljksdkjugha mudk ekeyk rks flQZ vYykg ds gokys gS fQj tks dqN og nqfu;k esa usd ;k cn fd;kdjrs Fks og mUgsa crk nsxk ¼mldh jger rks ns[kks½ ¼159½tks 'k[+l usdh djsxk rks mldks nl xquk lokc vrk gksxk vkSj tks 'k[+l cnh djsxk rks mldhlt+k mldks cl mruh gh nh tk,xh vkSj og yksx ¼fdlh rjg½ lrk, u tk,xsa ¼160½¼,s jlwy½ rqe muls dgks fd eq>s rks esjs ijojfnxkj us lh/kh jkg ;kfu ,d et+cwr nhu bcjkgheds et+gc dh fgnk;r QjekbZ gS ckfry ls drjk ds pyrs Fks vkSj eq'kjsdhu ls u Fks ¼161½¼,s jlwy½ rqe mu yksxksa ls dg nks fd esjh uekt+ esjh bcknr esjk thuk esjk ejuk lc vYykggh ds okLrs gS tks lkjs tgk¡ dk ijojfnxkj gS ¼162½vkSj mldk dksbZ 'kjhd+ ugha vkSj eq>s blh dk gqDe fn;k x;k gS vkSj eSa lcls igys bLykeykus okyk gw¡ ¼163½¼,s jlwy½ rqe iwNks rks fd D;k eSa vYykg ds flok fdlh vkSj dks ijojfnxkj ryk'k d#¡gkykWfd og reke pht+ks dk ekfyd gS vkSj tks 'k[+l dksbZ cqjk dke djrk gS mldk ¼ocky½mlh ij gS vkSj dksbZ 'k[+l fdlh nwljs ds xqukg dk cks> ugha mBkus dk fQj rqe lcdks viusijojfnxkj ds gqt+wj esa ykSV dj tkuk gS rc rqe yksx ftu ckrksa esa ckge >xM+rs Fks og lcrqEgsa crk nsxk ¼164½

vkSj ogh rks og ¼[+k+qnk½ gS ftlus rqEgsa t+ehu es a ¼viuk½ uk;c cuk;k vkSj rqeesa ls ckt+ dsckt+ ij ntsZ cqyUn fd;s rkfd oks ¼usver½ rqEgsa nh gS mlh ij rqEgkjk bersgku djsas mlesa rks'kd gh ugha fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj cgqr tYn vt+kc djus okyk gS vkSj blesa Hkh 'kd ugha fdog cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼165½

7 lwjg vkjkQ+lwjg vkjkQ+ eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj blesa 206 vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSSvfyQ+ yke ehe Lokn ¼1½¼,s jlwy½ ;s fdrkc vYykg ¼d+qjku½ rqe ij bl x+jt+ ls ukft+y dh xbZ gS rkfd rqe mldst+fj;s ls yksxksa dks vt+kcs vYykg ls Mjkvks vkSj bZekunkjksa ds fy, ulhgr dk ck;l gks ¼2½rqEgkjs fny esa mldh otg ls dksbZ u raxh iSnk gks ¼yksxksa½ tks rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ lsrqe ij ukft+y fd;k x;k gS mldh iSjoh djks vkSj mlds flok nwljs ¼Qt+hZ½ cqrksa ¼ekcqnksa½ dhiSjoh u djks ¼3½rqe yksx cgqr gh de ulhgr d+qcwy djrs gks vkSj D;k ¼rqEgsa½ [k+cj ugha fd ,slh cgqr lhcfLr;k¡ gSa ftUgsa geus gykd dj Mkyk rks gekjk vt+kc ¼,sls oDr½ vk igqpk ¼4½fd og yksx ;k rks jkr dh uhan lks jgs Fks ;k fnu dks d+yhyk ¼[kkus ds ckn dk ysVuk½ djjgs Fks rc gekjk vt+kc mu ij vk iM+k rks muls flok, blds vkSj dqN u dgrs cu iM+k fdge cs'kd t+kfye Fks ¼5½fQj geus rks t+:j mu yksxksa ls ftudh rjQ iSx+Ecj Hksts x;s Fks ¼gj pht+ dk½ loky djsxsavkSj [k+qn iSx+Ecjksa ls Hkh t+:j iwNsxsa ¼6½fQj ge muls gd+hd+r gky [k+wc le> cw> ds ¼t+jk t+jk½ nksgjk,xsa ¼7½vkSj ge dqN x+k;c rks Fks ugha vkSj ml fnu ¼vkeky dk½ rkSyk tkuk fcYdqy Bhd gS fQj rksftuds ¼usd veky ds½ iYys Hkkjh gksxsa rks ogh yksx Qk;t+qygjke ¼utkr ik;s gq,½ gksxsa ¼8½¼vkSj ftuds usd veky ds½ iYys gyds gksxsa rks mUgha yksxksa us gekjh vk;r ls ukQjekuh djusdh otg ls ;d+huu viuk vki uqd+lku fd;k ¼9½

vkSj ¼,s cuhvkne½ geus rks ;d+huu rqedks t+ehu esa d+qnjr o b[+krsnkj fn;k vkSj mlesa rqEgkjsfy, vlckc ft+Unxh eqg¸;k fd, ¼exj½ rqe cgqr gh de 'kqØ djrs gks ¼10½gkykfd blesa rks 'kd gh ugha fd geus rqEgkjs cki vkne dks iSnk fd;k fQj rqEgkjh lwjrs cuk;hafQj geusa Q+fj'rksa ls dgk fd rqe lc ds lc vkne dks ltnk djks rks lc ds lc >qd iM+sexj 'kSrku fd og ltnk djus okyksa esa 'kkfey u gqvkA ¼11½vYykg us ¼'kSrku ls½ Qjek;k tc eSusa rq>s gqDe fn;k fd rw fQj rq>s ltnk djus ls fdlh usjksdk dgus yxk eSa mlls vQ+t+y gw¡ ¼D;ksafd½ rwus eq>s vkx ¼,sls yrhQ vulj½ ls iSnk fd;k¼12½vkSj mldks feVV~h ¼,slh d'khQ+ vulj½ ls iSnk fd;k vYykg us Qjek;k ¼rq>dks ;s x+q:j gS½ rkscsg'r ls uhps mrj tkvks D;ksafd rsjh ;s etky ugha fd rw ;gk¡ jgdj x+q:j djs rks ;gk¡ ls¼ckgj½ fudy cs'kd rw t+yhy yksxksa ls gS ¼13½dgus yxk rks ¼[+kSj½ gesa ml fnu rd dh ¼ekSr ls½ eksgyr ns ¼14½ftl fnu lkjh vYykgbZ ds yksx nqckjk tykdj mBk [kM+s fd;s tk,xsa ¼15½Q+jek;k ¼vPNk eatwj½ rq>s t+:j eksgyr nh x;h dgus yxk pw¡fd rwus esjh jkg ekjh rks eSa Hkhrsjh lh/kh jkg ij cuh vkne dks ¼xqejkg djus ds fy,½ rkd esa cSBwa rks lgh ¼16½fQj mu yksxksa ls vkSj muds ihNs ls vkSj muds nkfgus ls vkSj muds ck,a ls ¼xjt+ gj rjQ ls½mu ij vk iMW+wxka vkSj ¼mudks cgdkÅWxka½ vkSj rw mu esa ls cgqrjksa dh 'kqØx+qt+kj ugha ik;sxk¼17½vYykg us Qjek;k ;gk¡ ls cqjs gky esa ¼jkbUnk gksdj fudy½ ¼nwj½ tk mu ykssxksa ls tks rsjk dgkekusxk rks eSa ;d+huu rqe ¼vkSj mu½ lcdks tgUuqe esa Hkj nwaxk ¼18½vkSj ¼vkne ls dgk½ ,s vkne rqe vkSj rqEgkjh chch ¼nksuksa½ csg'r esa jgk lgk djks vkSj tgk¡ls pkgks [kkvks ¼fi;ks½ exj ¼[k+cjnkj½ ml nj[+r ds djhc u tkuk ojuk rqe viuk vki uqd+lkudjksxs ¼19½fQj 'kSrku us mu nksuksa dks ololk ¼'kd½ fnyk;k rkfd ¼ukQjekuh dh otg ls½ muds vLrj

dh pht+s tks mudh ut+j ls csg'rh fyckl dh otg ls iks'khnk Fkh [kksy Mkys dgus yxk fdrqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us nksuksa dks nj[+r ¼ds Qy [kkus½ ls flQZ blfy, euk fd;k gS ¼fd eqcknk½rqe nksuksa Qfj'rs cu tkvks ;k ges'kk ¼ft+Unk½ jg tkvks ¼20½vkSj mu nksuksa ds lkeus d+lesa [kk;ha fd eSa ;d+huu rqEgkjk [k+Sj [+okg gw¡ ¼21½x+jt+ /kks[ks ls mu nksuksa dks ml ¼ds [kkus½ dh rjQ ys x;k x+jt+ tks gh mu nksuksa us bl nj[+r¼ds Qy½ dks p[kk fd ¼csg'rh fyckl fxj x;k vkSj le> iSnk gq;h½ mu ij mudh 'keZxkgsat+kfgj gks x;ha vkSj csg'r ds iRrs ¼rksM+ tksM+ dj½ vius Åij

dk gqDe ugha nsrk D;k rqe yksx vYykg ij ¼bfrjk djds½ og ckrsa dgrs gks tks rqe ughatkurs ¼28½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd esjs ijojfnxkj us rks bUlkQ dk gqDe fn;k gS vkSj ¼;s Hkh d+jkjfn;k gS fd½ gj uekt+ ds oDr vius vius eq¡g ¼fd+cys dh rjQ+½ lh/ks dj fy;k djks vkSjblds fy, fujh [kjh bcknr djds mlls nqvk ekaxks ftl rjg mlus rqEgsa 'kq: 'kq: iSnk fd;k Fkk¼29½mlh rjg fQj ¼nksckjk½ ft+Unk fd;s tkvksxs mlh us ,d Qjhd+ dh fgnk;r dh vkSj ,d fxjksg¼ds lj½ ij xqejkgh lokj gks xbZ mu yksxksa us vYykg dks NksM+dj 'kSrkuksa dks viuk ljijLrcuk fy;k vkSj ckotwn mlds xqejkg djrs gSa fd og jkg jkLrs ij gS ¼30½,s vkSykn vkne gj uekt+ ds oD+r cu loj ds fu[kj tk;k djks vkSj [kkvks vkSj fi;ks vkSjfQt+wy [k+phZ er djks ¼D;ksafd½ vYykg fQt+wy [k+pZ djus okyksa dks nksLr ugha j[krk ¼31½¼,s jlwy ls½ iwNks rks fd tks t+hur ¼ds lkt+ksa lkeku½ vkSj [kkus dh lkQ lqFkjh pht+sa vYykg usvius cUnks ds okLrs iSnk dh gSa fdlus gjke dj nh rqe [k+qn dg nks fd lc ikd+ht+k pht+sd+;ker ds fnu mu yksxksa ds fy, [k+kl gSa tks nqfu;k dh ¼t+jk lh½ ft+Unxh esa bZeku ykrs Fks ge;w¡ viuh vk;rsa le>nkj yksxksa ds okLrs rQlhynkj c;ku djrsa gSa ¼32½¼,s jlwy½ rqe lkQ dg nks fd gekjs ijojfnxkj us rks reke cndkfj;ksa dks [+okg ¼pkgs½ t+kfgjhgks ;k ckfruh vkSj xqukg vkSj ukgd+ T+;knrh djus dks gjke fd;k gS vkSj bl ckr dks fd rqefdlh dks vYykg dk 'kjhd cukvks ftudh muls dksbZ nyhy u gh ukft+y QjekbZ vkSj ;s Hkhfd cs le>s cw>s [+k+qnk ij cksgrku ckW/kksa ¼33½vkSj gj fxjksg ¼ds u iSnk gksus½ dk ,d [k+kl oD+r gS fQj tc mudk oDr vk igqaprk gS rksu ,d ?kM+h ihNs jg ldrs gSa vkSj u vkxs cqByk;k vkSj muls ljrkch dj cSBs og yksx tgUuqeh gSa fdog mlesa ges'kk jgsxsa ¼36½

ks tks 'k[+l vYykg ij >wB cksgrku ckW/ks ;k mldh vk;rksa dks >qByk, mlls c

tk,xk fd og csfg'r gSa ftlds rqe viuh dkjx+qt+kfj;ksa dh tt+k esa okfjl o ekfyd cuk, x;sgksa ¼43½vkSj tUurh yksx tgUuqeh okyksa ls iqdkj dj dgsxsa geus rks cs'kd tks gekjs ijojfnxkj us gelsok;nk fd;k Fkk Bhd Bhd ik fy;k rks D;k rqeus Hkh tks rqels rEgkjs ijojfnxkj us ok;nk fd;kFkk Bhd ik;k ¼;k ugha½ vgys tgUuqe dgsxsa gk¡ ¼ik;k½ ,d equknh muds njfe;ku funk djsxk fdt+kfyeksa ij vYykg dh ykur gS ¼44½tks vYykg dh jkg ls yksxksa dks jksdrs Fks vkSj mlesa ¼[+oke[+okg½ dt+h ¼Vs

ftl rjg ;g yksx ¼gekjh½ vkt dh gqt+wjh dks Hkwysa cSBs Fks vkSj gekjh vk;rksa ls bUdkj djrsFks gkykafd geus muds ikl ¼jlwy dh ekjQr fdrkc Hkh Hkst nh gS½ ¼52½ftls gj rjg le> cw> ds rQlhynkj c;ku dj fn;k gS ¼vkSj og½ bZekunkj yksxksa ds fy,fgnk;r vkSj jger gS D;k ;s yksx cl flQZ vUtke ¼d+;ker gh½ ds eqUrft+j gS ¼gkykafd½ ftlfnu mlds vUtke dk ¼oD+r½ vk tk,xk rks tks yksx mlds igys Hkwys cSBs Fks ¼cslk[+rk½ cksymBsxsa fd cs'kd gekjs ijojfnxkj ds lc jlwy gd+ ysdj vk;s Fks rks D;k ml oD+r gekjh HkhflQfj'k djus okys gSa tks gekjh flQkfj'k djas ;k ge fQj ¼nqfu;k esa½ ykSVk,a tk,a rks tks tksdke ge djrs Fks mldks NksM+dj nwljsa dke djsa ¼53½cs'kd mu yksxksa us viuk l[+r ?kkVk fd;k vkSj tks bQ+rsjk ijnkft+;k fd;k djrs Fks og lcxk;c+ ¼x+Yyk½ gks x;ha cs'kd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj vYykg gh gS ftlds ¼flQZ½ 6 fnuksa esa vklekuvkSj t+ehu dks iSnk fd;k fQj v'kZ ds cukus ij vkeknk gqvk ogh jkr dks fnu dk fyckligukrk gS rks ¼xks;k½ jkr fnu dks ihNs ihNs rst+h ls

mudh d+kSe ds ikl ¼jlwy cukdj½ Hkstk rks mUgksusa ¼yksxksa ls ½ dgkfd ,s esjh d+kSe vYykg dhgh bcknr djks mlds flok rqEgkjk dksbZ ekcwn ugha gS vkSj eSa rqEgkjh fuLcr ¼d+;ker tSls½ cM+s[k+kSQukd fnu ds vt+kc ls Mjrk gw¡ ¼59½rks mudh d+kSe ds pUn ljnkjksa us dgk ge rks ;d+huu ns[krs gSa fd rqe [kqYye [kqYyk xqejkghesa ¼iM+s½ gks ¼60½rc uwg us dgk fd ,s esjh d+kSe eq> esa xqejkgh ¼oSx+jg½ rks dqN ugha cfYd eSa rks ijojfnxkjsvkye dh rjQ ls jlwy gw¡ ¼61½rqe rd vius ijojfnxkj ds iSx+kekr igqpk,a nsrk gw¡ vkSj rqEgkjs fy, rqEgkjh [k+Sj [+okgh djrk gw¡vkSj vYykg dh rjQ ls tks ckrsa eS tkurk gw¡ rqe ugha tkurs ¼62½D;k rqEgsa ml ckr ij rkvTtqc gS fd rqEgkjs ikl rqEgh esa ls ,d enZ ¼vkneh½ ds t+fj, lsrqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dk ft+Ø ¼gqDe½ vk;k gS rkfd og rqEgsa ¼vt+kc ls½ Mjk, vkSj rkfd rqeijgst+xkj cuksa vkSj rkfd rqe ij jge fd;k tk, ¼63½bl ij Hkh yksxksa us mudksa >qByk fn;k rc geus mudks vkSj tks yksx muds lkFk d'rh esa Fkscpk fy;k vkSj ckd+h ftrus yksxksa us gekjh vk;rksa dks >qByk;k Fkk lcdks Mqcks ekjk ;s lc dslc ;d+huu vU/ks yksx Fks ¼64½vkSj ¼geus½ d+kSe vkn dh rjQ muds HkkbZ gwn dks ¼jlwy cukdj Hkstk½ rks mUgksusa yksxksa ls dgk,s esjh d+kSe vYykg gh dh bcknr djks mlds flok rqEgkjk dksbZ ekcwn ugha rks D;k rqe¼vYykg ls½ Mjrs ugha gks ¼65½¼rks½ mudh d+kSe ds pUn ljnkj tks dkfQj Fks dgus yxs ge rks cs'kd rqedks fgekd+r esa¼eqfCryk½ ns[krs gSa vkSj ge ;d+huh rqe dks >wBk le>rs gSa ¼66½gwn us dgk ,s esjh d+kSe eq>esa esa rks fgekd+r dh dksbZ ckr ugha cfYd eSa rks ijojfnxkj vkyedk jlwy gw¡ ¼67½eSa rqEgkjs ikl rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ds iSx+kekr ig¡qpk, nsrk gw¡ vkSj eSa rqEgkjk lPpk [k+Sj[+okg gw¡¼68½D;k rqEgsa bl ij rkvTtqc gS fd rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dk gqDe rqEgkjs ikl rqEgh esa ,d enZ¼vkneh½ ds t+fj, ls ¼vk;k½ fd rqEgsa ¼vtk+c ls½ Mjk, vkSj ¼og oD+r½ ;kn djks tc mlus

qedks d+kSe uwg ds ckn [k+yhQk ¼o tku'khu½ cuk;k vkSj rqEgkjh f[k+ykQ+r esa Hkh cgqr T+;knrhdj nh rks vYykg dh usverksa dks ;kn djks rkfd rqe fnyh eqjkns ikvks ¼69½rks og yksx dgus yxs D;k rqe gekjs ikl blfy, vk, gks fd flQZ [+k+qnk dh rks bcknr djsavkSj ftudks gekjs cki nknk iwtrs pys vk, NksM+ cSBsa il vxj rqe lPps gks rks ftlls rqegedks Mjkrs gks gekjs ikl ykvks ¼70½gwn us tokc fn;k ¼fd cl le> yks½ fd rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls rqe ij vt+kc vkSjx+t+c ukft+y gks pqdk D;k rqe eq>ls pUn ¼cqrks ds Qt+hZ½ ukeksa ds ckjs esa >xM+rs gks ftudksrqeus vkSj rqEgkjs cki nknkvksa us ¼[+okge[+okg½ xqByk;k Fkk geus mudh tM+ dkV nh vkSj og yksx bZeku ykus okys Fks Hkhugha ¼72½vkSj ¼geus d+kSe½ lewn dh rjQ muds HkkbZ lkysg dks jlwy cukdj Hkstk rks mUgksusa ¼mu yksxksals dgk½ ,s esjh d+kSe vYykg gh dh bcknr djks vkSj mlds flok dksbZ rqEgkjk ekcwn ugha gSrqEgkjs ikl rks rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls okt+s, vkSj jkS'ku nyhy vk pqdh gS ;s [+k+qnk dhHksth gq;h Å¡Vuh rqEgkjs okLrs ,d ekSftt+k gS rks rqe yksx mldks NksM+ nks fd [+k+qnk dh t+ehu esatgk¡ pkgs pjrh fQjs vkSj mls dksbZ rdyhQ+ uk igqWpkvks ojuk rqe nnZukd vt+kc esa fxj+rkj gkstkvkxs ¼73½vkSj og oD+r ;kn djks tc mlus rqedks d+kSe vkn ds ckn ¼t+ehu esa½ [k+yhQk ¼o tku'khu½cuk;k vkSj rqEgsa t+ehu esa bl rjg clk;k fd rqe geokj o uje t+ehu esa ¼cM+s&cM+s½ egymBkrs gks vkSj igkM+ksa dks rjk'k ds ?kj cukrs gks rks vYykg dh usverksa dks ;kn djks vkSj :,t+ehu esa Qlkn u djrs fQjks ¼74½rks mldh d+kSe ds cM+s cM+s yksxksa us cspkjsa x+jhcksa ls muesa ls tks bZeku yk, Fks dgk D;k rqEgsaekywe gS fd lkysg ¼gd+hdru½ vius ijojfnxkj ds lPps jlwy gSa & mu cspkjksa us tokc fn;kfd ftu ckrksa dk og iSx+ke yk, gSa gekjk rks ml ij bZeku gS ¼75½rc ftu yksxksa dks ¼viuh nkSyr nqfu;k ij½ ?keUM Fkk dgus yxs ge rks ftl ij rqe bZekuyk, gks mls ugha ekurs ¼76½

x+jt+ mu yksxksa us Å¡Vuh ds dwpsa vkSj iSj dkV Mkys vkSj vius ijojfnxkj ds gqDe ls ljrkchdh vkSj ¼csckdh ls½ dgus yxs vxj rqe lPps jlwy gks rks ftl ¼vt+kc½ ls ge yksxksa dksMjkrs Fks vc ykvks ¼77½rc mUgsa t+yt+ys us ys Mkyk vkSj og yksx t+kuw ij lj fd, ¼ftl rjg½ cSBs Fks cSBs ds cSBsjg x, ¼78½mlds ckn lkysg muls Vy x, vkSj ¼muls eq[k+kfrc gksdj½ dgk esjh d+kSe ¼vkg½ eSusa rks viusijojfnxkj ds iSx+ke rqe rd igqpk fn, Fks vkSj rqEgkjs [k+Sj[+okgh dh Fkh ¼vkSj Å¡p uhp le>kfn;k Fkk½ exj vQlksl rqe ¼[k+Sj[+okg½ le>kus okyksa dks viuk nksLr gh ugha le>rs ¼79½vkSj ¼ywr dks geus jlwy cukdj Hkstk Fkk½ tc mUgksusa viuh d+kSe ls dgk fd ¼vQlksl½ rqe,slh cndkjh ¼vx+yke½ djrs gks fd rqels igys lkjh [+k+qnkbZ esa fdlh us ,slh cndkjh ugha dhFkh ¼80½gk¡ rqe vkSjrksa dks NksM+dj 'kgor ijLrh ds okLrs enksZa dh rjQ ek,y gksrs gks ¼gkykfd mldht+:jr ugha½ exj rqe yksx dqN gks gh csgwnk ¼81½flQZ djusa okyksa ¼dks uqRQs dks t+k, djrs gks ml ij mldh d+kSe dk mlds flok vkSj dqNtokc ugha Fkk fd og vkil esa dgus yxs fd mu yksxksa dks viuh cLrh ls fudky ckgj djksD;ksafd ;s rks og yksx gSa tks ikd lkQ cuuk pkgrs gSa½ ¼82½rc geus mudks vkSj muds ?kj okyksa dks utkr nh exj flQZ ¼,d½ mudh chch dks fd og¼viuh cnvkekyh ls½ ihNs jg tkus okyksa esa Fkh ¼83½vkSj geus mu yksxksa ij ¼iRFkj dk½ esg cjlk;k&il t+jk x+kSj rks djks fd xqukgxkjksa dk vUtkevkf[kj D;k gqvk ¼84½vkSj ¼geus½ en;u ¼okyksa ds½ ikl muds HkkbZ Óq,c dks ¼jlwy cukdj Hkstk½ rks mUgksaus ¼mu yksxksals½ dgk ,s esjh d+kSe vYykg gh dh bcknr djks mlds flok dksbZ nwljk ekcwn ugha ¼vkSj½ rqEgkjsikl rks rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls ,d okts+, o jkS'ku ekSftt+k ¼Hkh½ vk pqdk rks uki vkSjrkSy iwjh fd;k djks vkSj yksxksa dks mudh ¼[k+jhnh gq;h½ pht+ esa de u fn;k djks vkSj t+ehu esamldh vlykg o nq:Lrh ds ckn Qlkn u djrs fQjks vxj rqe lPps bZekunkj gks rks ;gh rqEgkjsgd+ esa csgrj gS ¼85½vkSj rqe yksx tks jkLrksa ij ¼cSBdj½ tks [+k+qnk ij bZeku yk;k gS mldks Mjkrs gks vkSj [+k+qnk dh

jkg ls jksdrs gks vkSj mldh jkg esa ¼[+okgek[+okg½ dt+h

fQj geus rdyhQ+ dh txg vkjke dks cny fn;k ;gk¡ rd fd og yksx cqBykpqds Fks ml ij Hkyk dkgs dks beku ykus okys Fks vYykg ;wW dkfQjksa ds fnyksa ij vykereqdjZj dj nsrk gS ¼fd ;s beku u yk,¡xsa½ ¼101½vkSj geus rks mlesa ls vDljksa dk ,gn ¼Bhd½ u ik;k vkSj geus muesa ls vDljksa dks cndkjgh ik;k ¼102½fQj geus ¼mu iSx+Ecjku et+dwjhu ds ckn½ ewlk dks fQjvkÅu vkSj mlds ljnkjksa ds ikl ekSftt+svrk djds ¼jlwy cukdj½ Hkstk rks mu yksxksa us mu ekSftt+kr ds lkFk ¼cM+h cM+h½ Ójkjrsa dhil t+jk x+kSj rks djks fd vkf[k+j Qlkfn;ksa dk vUtke D;k gqvk ¼103½

vkSj ewlk us ¼fQjvkÅu ls½ dgk ,s fQjvkÅu esa ;d+huu ijojfnxkjs vkye dk jlwy gw¡ ¼104½eq> ij okftc gS fd vYykg ij lp ds flok ¼,d gqjer Hkh >wB½ u dgw¡ eS ;d+huu rqEgkjsikl rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls okts, o jks'ku ekSftt+s ysdj vk;k gw¡ ¼105½rks rw cuh bZljkby dks esjs gejkg djs ns fQjvkÅu dgus yxk vxj rqe lPps gks vkSj okd+bZdksbZ ekSftt+k ysdj vk, gks rks mls fn[kkvks ¼106½¼;s lqurs gh½ ewlk us viuh NM+h ¼t+ehu ij½ Mky nh il og ;dk;d ¼vPNk [kklk½ t+kfgjct+kfgj vtngk cu xbZ ¼107½vkSj viuk gkFk ckgj fudkyk rks D;k ns[krs gS fd og gj Ó[+l dh ut+j es txexk jgk gS¼108½rc fQjvkÅu ds d+kSe ds pUn ljnkjksa us dgk ;s rks vycRrk cM+k ekfgj tknwxj gS ¼109½;s pkgrk gS fd rqEgsa rqEgkjsa eqYd ls fudky ckgj dj ns rks vc rqe yksx mlds ckjs esa D;klykg nsrs gks ¼110½¼vkf[k+j½ lcus eqRrfQd+ vyQkt+ ¼,d t+cku gksdj½ dgk fd ¼,s fQjvkÅu½ mudks vkSj mudsHkkbZ ¼gk:u½ dks pUn fnu dS+n esa jf[k, vkSj ¼,rjkQ+ ds½ Ógjksa esa gjdkjksa dks Hksft, ¼111½fd reke cM+s cM+s tknwxjksa dk tek djds vids ikl njckj esa gkft+j djsa ¼112½x+jt+ tknwxj lc fQjvkÅu ds ikl gkft+j gksdj dgus yxs fd vxj ge ¼ewlk ls½ thr tk,Wrks gedks cM+k Hkkjh buke t+#j feyuk pkfg, ¼113½fQjvkÅu us dgk ¼gkW buke gh ugha½ cfYd fQj rks rqe gekjs njckj ds eqd+jZschu esa ls gksxsa¼114½vkSj eqd+jZj oD+r ij lc tek gq, rks cksy mBs fd ,s ewlk ;k rks rqEgsa ¼vius eqUrflj ¼ea=½ ;kge gh ¼vius vius ea= Qsds½ ¼115½ewlk us dgk ¼vPNk igys½ rqe gh Qsd ¼ds viuk gkSlyk fudkyks½ rks rc tks gh mu yksxksa us

¼viuh jfLl;k¡½ Mkyh rks yksxksa dh ut+j cUnh dj nh ¼fd lc lki¡ ekywe gksus yxs½ vkSj yksxksadks Mjk fn;k ¼116½vkSj mu yksxksa us cM+k ¼Hkkjh tknw fn[kk fn;k vkSj geus ewlk ds ikl ogh Hksth fd ¼cSBs D;kgks½ rqe Hkh viuh NM+h Mky nks rks D;k ns[krs gSa fd og NM+h muds cuk, gq, ¼>wBs lk¡iksa dks½,d ,d djds fuxy jgh gS ¼117½vy fdLlk gd+ ckr rks te ds cSBh vkSj mudh lkjh dkjLrkuh efV;kesV gks xbZ ¼118½il fQjvkÅu vkSj mlds rjQnkj lc ds lc bl v[kkM+s es gkjs vkSj t+yhy o :lok gks dsiyVs ¼119½vkSj tknwxj lc ewlk ds lkeus ltns esa fxj iM+s ¼120½vkSj ¼vkftt+h ls½ cksys ge lkjs tgk¡u ds ijojfnxkj ij bZeku yk, ¼121½tks ewlk o gk:u dk ijojfnxkj gS ¼122½fQjvkÅu us dgk ¼gk,½ rqe yksx esjh btkt+r ds d+Cy ¼igys½ ml ij bZeku ys vk, ;s t+:jrqe yksxksa dh eDdkjh gS tks rqe yksxksa us ml Ógj esa QSyk j[kh gS rkfd mlds ckf'kUnksa dks;gk¡ ls fudky dj ckgj djks il rqEgsa vu d+jhc gh ml Ójkjr dk et+k ekywe gks tk,xk¼123½eS rks ;d+huu rqEgkjs ¼,d rjQ ds½ gkFk vkSj nwljh rjQ ds ikWo dVok MkywWxk fQj rqe lcdslc dks lwyh ns nwWxk ¼124½tknwxj dgus yxs ge dks rks ¼vkf[k+j ,d jkst+½ vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ykSV dj tkuk ¼ejtkuk½ gS ¼125½rw gels mlds flok vkSj dkgs dh vnkor j[krk gS fd tc gekjs ikl vYykg dh fu'kkfu;k¡vk;h rks ge mu ij bZeku yk, ¼vkSj vc rks gekjh ;s nqvk gS fd½ ,s gekjs ijojfnxkj ge ijlcz ¼dk esag cjlk½ ¼126½vkSj geus viuh Qjekcjnkjh dh gkyr esa nqfu;k ls mBk ys vkSj fQjvkÅu dh d+kSe ds pUnljnkjksa us ¼fQjvkÅu½ ls dgk fd D;k vki ewlk vkSj mldh d+kSe dks mudh gkyr ij NksM+nsasxs fd eqYd esa Q+lkn djrs fQjs vkSj vkids vkSj vkids vYykgvksa ¼dh ijlfr'k½ dks NksM+cSBsa& fQjvkÅu dgus yxk ¼rqe ?kcjkvks ugha½ ge vud+jhc gh muds csVksa dh d+Ry djrs gSa

vkSj mudh vkSjrksa dks ¼ykSfUM;kW cukus ds okLrs½ ftUnk j[krs gSa vkSj ge rks mu ij gj rjgd+kcw j[krs gSa ¼127½¼;s lqudj½ ewlk us viuh d+kSe ls dgk fd ¼Hkkb;ksa½ vYykg ls enn ek¡xksa vkSj lcz djks lkjht+ehu rks vYykg gh dh gS og vius cUnksa esa ftldh pkgs mldk okfjl ¼o ekfyd½ cuk, vkSj[k+krek fcy [k+Sj rks lc ijgst+xkj gh dk gS ¼128½og yksx dgus yxs fd ¼,s ewlk½ rqEgkjs vkus ds d+Cy ¼igys½ gh ls vkSj rqEgkjs vkus ds cknHkh ge dks rks cjkcj rdyhQ gh igq¡p jgh gS ¼vkf[k+j dgk¡ rd lcz djsa½ ewlk us dgkvudjhc gh rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj rqEgkjs nq'eu dks gykd+ djsxk vkSj rqEgsa ¼mldk tku'khu½ cuk,xkfQj ns[ksxk fd rqe dSlk dke djrs gks ¼129½vkSj cs'kd geus fQjvkÅu ds yksxksa dks cjlksa ls dgr vkSj Qyksa dh de iSnkokj ¼ds vt+kc½esa fxjrkj fd;k rkfd og bcjr gkfly djsa ¼130½rks tc mUgsa dksbZ jkgr feyrh rks dgus yxrs fd ;s rks gekjs fy, lt+kokj gh gS vkSj tc mUgsadksbZ eqlhcr igq¡prh rks ewlk vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa dh cn'kqxwuh le>rs ns[kks mudh cn'kqxwuh rksvYykg ds gk ¼fy[kh tk pqdh½ Fkh exj cgqrsjs yksx ugh tkurs gSa ¼131½vkSj fQjvkÅu ds yksx ewlk ls ,d ejrck dgus yxs fd rqe ge ij tknw djus ds fy, pkgsftruh fu'kkfu;k¡ ykvks exj ge rqe ij fdlh rjg bZeku ugha yk,¡xsa ¼132½rc geus mu ij ¼ikuh dks½ rwQku vkSj fVM+fM;k¡ vkSj tq,W vkSj esa

vkSj ftu cspkjksa dks ;s yksx det+ksj le>rs Fks mUgha dks ¼eqYd Óke dh½ t+ehu dk ftlesa geus¼t+j[kst+ gksus dh½ cjdr nh Fkh mlds iwjc ifPNe ¼lc½ dk okfjl ¼ekfyd½ cuk fn;k vkSjpwWfd cuh bljkbZy usa ¼fQjvkÅu ds t+kfyeksa½ ij lcz fd;k Fkk blfy, rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dk usdok;nk ¼tks mlus cuh bljkby ls fd;k Fkk½ iwjk gks x;k vkSj tks dqN fQjvkÅu vkSj mldhd+kSe ds yksx djrs Fks vkSj tks Å¡ph Å¡ph bekjrs cukrs Fks lc geus cjckn dj nh ¼137½vkSj geus cuh bZljkby dks nfj;k ds ml ikj mrkj fn;k rks ,d ,sls yksxksa ij ls xqt+js tksvius ¼gkFkksa ls cuk, gq,½ cqrksa dh ijlfr'k ij tek cSBs Fks ¼rks mudks ns[k dj cuh bZljkbyls½ dgus yxs ,s ewlk tSls mu yksxksa ds ekcwn ¼cqr½ gSa oSls gh gekjs fy, Hkh ,d ekcwn cukvksewlk us tokc fn;k fd rqe yksx tkfgy yksx gks ¼138½¼vjs dec[+rks½ ;s yksx ftl et+gc ij gSa ¼og ;d+huh cjckn gksdj jgsxk½ vkSj tks vey ;syksx dj jgs gSa ¼og lc fefV;k esV gks tk,xk½ ¼139½¼ewlk us ;s Hkh½ dgk D;k rqEgkjk ;s eryc gS fd vYykg dks NksM+dj eS nwljs dks rqEgkjkekcwn ryk'k d: ¼140½gkykWfd mlus rqedks lkjh [kqnkbZ ij Qt+hyr nh gS ¼,s cuh bljkby og oD+r ;kn djks½ tcgeus rqedks fQjvkÅu ds yksxksa ls utkr nh tc og yksx rqEgsa cM+h cM+h rdyhQsa igqWpkrs FksrqEgkjs csVksa dks rks ¼pqu pqu dj½ d+Ry dj Mkyrs Fks vkSj rqEgkjh vkSjrksa dks ¼ykSfUM;kW cukus dsokLrs ft+Unk j[k NksM+rs½ vkSj mlesa rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls rqEgkjs ¼lcz dh½ l[+rvkt+ekb'k Fkh ¼141½vkSj geus ewlk ls rkSjSr nsus ds fy, rhl jkrksa dk ok;nk fd;k vkSj geus mlesa nl jkst+ c

[+k+qnk oUnk rw ¼ns[kus fn[kkus ls½ ikd o ikdht+k gS&eSus rsjh ckjxkg esa rkSck dh vkSj eS lc lsigys rsjh vne jok;r dk ;d+hu djrk gw¡ ¼143½vYykg us Qjek;k ,s ewlk eSus rqedks reke yksxksa ij viuh iSx+Ecjh vkSj ge dykeh ¼dk njtknsdj½ cjxwt+hnk fd;k gS rc tks ¼fdrkc rkSjSr½ geus rqedks vrk dh gS mls yks vkSj ÓqØxqt+kjjgks ¼144½vkSj geus ¼rkSjSr dh½ r[+fr;ksa esa ewlk ds fy, gj rjg dh ulhgr vkSj gj pht+ dk rQlhynkjc;ku fy[k fn;k Fkk rks ¼,s ewlk½ rqe mls et+cwrh ls rks ¼vey djks½ vkSj viuh d+kSe dksgqDe ns nks fd mlesa dh vPNh ckrksa ij vey djsa vkSj cgqr tYn rqEgsa cnfdjnkjksa dk ?kjfn[kk nw¡xk ¼fd dSls mtM+rs gSa½ ¼145½tks yksx ¼vYykg dh½ t+ehu ij ukgd+ vdM+rs fQjrs gSa mudks viuh vk;rksa ls cgqr tYn QsjnwWxk vkSj eS D;k Qs:Wxk vYykg ¼mldk fny ,slk l[+r gS fd½ vxj nqfu;k tgkWu ds lkjsekSftt+s Hkh ns[krs rks Hkh ;s mu ij beku u yk,xsa vkSj ¼vxj½ lh/kk jkLrk Hkh ns[k ik,W rks Hkhviuh jkg u tk,xsa vkSj vxj xqejkgh dh jkg ns[k ysxs a rks >ViV mldks viuk rjhd+k cuk ysxsa;s dtjoh bl lcc ls gq;h fd mu yksxksa us gekjh vk;rksa dks >qByk fn;k vkSj muls x+Qyrdjrs jgs ¼146½vkSj ftu yksxksa us gekjh vk;rksa dks vkSj vkf[k+jr dh gqt+wjh dks >wByk;k mudk lc fd;k djk;kvdkjr gks x;k] mudks cl mUgha vkeky dh tt+k ;k lt+k nh tk,xh tks og djrs Fks ¼147½vkSj ewlk dh d+kSe us ¼dksgsrwj ij½ muds tkus ds ckn vius ts+ojksa dks ¼xykdj½ ,d cNM+s dhewjr cukbZ ¼;kfu½ ,d ftLe ftlesa xk, dh lh vkokt+ Fkh ¼vQlksl½ D;k mu yksxksa us brukHkh u ns[kk fd og u rks muls ckr gh dj ldrk vkSj u fdlh rjg dh fgnk;r gh djldrk gS ¼[kqyklk½ mu yksxksa us mls ¼viuh ekcwn cuk fy;k½ ¼148½vkSj vki vius Åij t+qYe djrs Fks vkSj tc og iNrk, vkSj mUgksus vius dks ;d+huh xqejkgns[k fy;k rc dgus yxs fd vxj gekjk ijfnxkj ge ij jge ugha djsxk vkSj gekjk dqlwj uekQ+ djsxk rks ge ;d+huh ?kkVk mBkus okyksa esa gks tk,xsa ¼149½vkSj tc ewlk iyV dj viuh d+kSe dh rjQ vk, rks ¼;s gkyr ns[kdj½ jat o xqLls esa ¼viuhd+kSe ls½ dgus yxs fd rqe yksxksa us esjs ckn cgqr cqjh gjdr dh&rqe yksx vius ijojfnxkj dsgqDe ¼esjs vkus esa½ fdl dnj tYnh dj cSBs vkSj ¼rkSjSr dh½ r[+fr;ksa dks Qsad fn;k vkSj viusHkkbZ ¼gk:u½ ds lj ¼ds ckyksa dks idM+ dj viuh rj Q [khapus yxs½ ml ij gk:u us dgk

,s esjs ekatk, ¼HkkbZ½ eS D;k djrk d+kSe us eq>s gd+hj le>k vkSj ¼esjk dguk u ekuk½ cfYdd+jhc Fkk fd eq>s ekj Mkys rks eq> ij nq'euksa dks u gWlokb, vkSj eq>s mu t+kfye yksxksa dslkFk u djkj nhft, ¼150½rc½ ewlk us dgk ,s esjs ijojfnxkj eq>s vkSj esjs HkkbZ dks c[+'k ns vkSj gesa viuh jger esankf[k+y dj vkSj rw lcls c tks mudh xnZu ij Fkk vkSj og

QUns tks mu ij ¼iM+s gq,½ Fks muls gVk nsrk gS il ¼;kn j[kks fd½ tks yksx ¼uch eksgEen½ ijbeku yk, vkSj mldh bT+t+r dh vkSj mldh enn dh vkSj ml uwj ¼d+qjku½ dh iSjoh dh tksmlds lkFk ukft+y gqvk gS rks ;gh yksx viuh fnyh eqjkns ik,Wxsa ¼157½¼,s jlwy½ rqe ¼mu yksxksa ls½ dg nks fd yksxksa esa rqe lc yksxksa ds ikl ml vYykg dk Hkstkgqvk ¼iSx+Ecj½ gw¡ ftlds fy, [k+kl lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dh ckn'kkgr ¼gqdwer½ gS mlds flokvkSj dksbZ ekcwn ugha ogh ft+Unk djrk gS ogh ekj Mkyrk gS il ¼yksxksa½ vYykg vkSj mldsjlwy uch my mEeh ij bZeku ykvks tks ¼[+kqn Hkh½ [+k+qnk ij vkSj mldh ckrksa ij ¼fny ls½ bZekuj[krk gS vkSj mlh ds d+ne ck d+ne pyks rkfd rqe fgnk;r ikvks ¼158½vkSj ewlk dh d+kSe ds dqN yksx ,sls Hkh gS tks gd+ ckr dh fgnk;r Hkh djrs gSa vkSj gd+ ds¼ekeykr esa½ bUlkQ+ Hkh djrs gSa ¼159½vkSj geus cuh bZljkby ds ,d ,d nknk dh vkSykn dks tqnk tqnk ckjg fxjksg cuk fn, vkSjtc ewlk dh d+kSe us muls ikuh ekWxk rks geus muds ikl ogh Hksth fd rqe viuh NM+h iRFkjij ekjks ¼NM+h ekjuk Fkk½ fd ml iRFkj ls ikuh ds ckjg p'es QwV fudys vkSj ,sls lkQ lkQvyx vyx fd gj d+chys us viuk viuk ?kkV ekywe dj fy;k vkSj geus cuh bZljkby ijvcz ¼ckny½ dk lk;k fd;k vkSj mu ij eu o lyok ¼lh usver½ ukft+y dh ¼yksxksa½ tks ikd¼ikdht+k½ pht+s rqEgsa nh gSa mUgs a ¼'kkSd+ ls [kkvks fi;ks½ vkSj mu yksxksa uss ¼ukQjekuh djds½ dqNgekjk ugha fcxkM+k cfYd viuk vki gh fcxkM+rs gSa ¼160½vkSj tc muls dgk x;k fd ml xk¡o esa tkdj jgks lgks vkSj mlds esoksa ls tgk¡ rqEgkjk thpkgs ¼'kkSd+ ls½ [kkvks ¼fi;ks½ vkSj eq¡g ls gqrek dgrs vkSj ltnk djrs gq, njokts+ esa nkf[ky gksrks ge rqEgkjh [k+rk, c[+'k nsxsa vkSj usdh djus okyksa dks ge dqN T+;knk gh nsxsa ¼161½rks t+kfyeksa us tks ckr muls dgh xbZ Fkh mls cny dj dqN vkSj dguk Óq: fd;k rks geusmudh Ójkjrksa dh cnkSyr mu ij vkleku ls vt+kc Hkst fn;k ¼162½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ muls t+jk ml xk¡o dk gky rks iwNks tks nfj;k ds fdukjs okd+,s Fkk tc ;s yksxmuds cqt++qZx ÓqEcs ¼luhpj½ ds fnu T+;knrh djus yxs fd tc mudk ÓqEcs ¼okyk bcknr dk½ fnugksrk rc rks eNfy;k¡ fleV dj muds lkeus ikuh ij mHkj ds vk tkrh vkSj tc mudk ÓqEck¼okyk bcknr dk½ fnu u gksrk rks eNfy;kW muds ikl gh u QVdrha vkSj pWwfd ;s yksx cnpyuFks ml njts ls ge Hkh mudh ;wW gh vkt+ekb'k fd;k djrs Fks ¼163½vkSj tc muesa ls ,d tekvr us ¼mu yksxksa esa ls tks ÓqEcs ds fnu f'kdkj dks euk djrs Fks½

dgk fd ftUgsa vYykg gykd+ djuk ;k l[+r vt+kc esa eqfCryk djuk pkgrk gS mUgsa ¼csQk;ns½D;ks ulhgr djrs gks rks og dgus yxs fd Qd+r rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj esa ¼vius dks½ bYt+ke lscpkus ds fy, Ók;n blfy, fd ;s yksx ijgst+xkjh ,f[+r;kj djsa ¼164½fQj tc og yksx ftl pht+ dh mUgsa ulhgr dh xbZ Fkh mls Hkwy x, rks geus mudks rksrtkoht+ ¼utkr½ ns nh tks cqjs dke ls yksxksa dks jksdrs Fks vkSj tks yksx t+kfye Fks mudks mudhcn pyuh dh otg ls cM+s vt+kc esa fxjrkj fd;k ¼165½fQj ftl ckr dh mUgsa eqekfuvr ¼jksd½ dh xbZ Fkh tc mu yksxksa us mlesa ljd'kkh dh rksgeus gqDe fn;k fd rqe t+yhy vkSj jk,Uns ¼/kqRdkjs½ gq, cUnj cu tkvks ¼vkSj og cu x,½¼166½¼,s jlwy og oD+r ;kn fnykvks½ tc rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us iqdkj iqdkj ds ¼cuh bZljkby ls dgfn;k Fkk fd og d+;ker rd mu ij ,sls gkfd+e dks eqlYyr ns[ksxk tks mUgsa cqjh cqjh rdyhQsansrk jgs D;ksafd½ blesa rks Ód gh ugha fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj cgqr tYn vt+kc djus okyk gSvkSj blesa Hkh Ód ugha fd og cM+k c[+'kus okyk ¼esgjcku½ Hkh gS ¼167½vkSj geus mudks :, t+ehu esa fxjksg fxjksg frfrj fcfrj dj fn;k muesa ds dqN yksx rks usd gSavkSj dqN yksx vkSj rjg ds ¼cndkj½ gSa vkSj geus mUgsa lq[k vkSj nq[k ¼nksuks rjg½ ls vkt+ek;krkfd og ¼'kjkjr ls½ ckt+ vk, ¼168½fQj muds ckn dqN tku'khu gq, tks fdrkc ¼[+k+qnk rkSjSr½ ds rks okfjl cus ¼exj yksxksa ds dgusls ,gdkes vYykg dks cnydj ¼mlds ,sot+½ ukikd dehuh nqfu;k ds lkeku ys ysrs gSa ¼vkSjyqRQ rks ;s gS½ dgrs gSa fd ge rks vud+jhc c[+'k fn, tk,Wxsa ¼vkSj tks yksx mu ij rku djrsgSa½ vxj muds ikl Hkh oSlk gh ¼nwljk lkeku vk tk, rks mls ;s Hkh u NksM+s vkSj½ ys gh ysaD;k muls fdrkc ¼vYykg rkSjSr½ dk ,gnks iSeku ugha fy;k x;k Fkk fd vYykg ij lp dsflok ¼>wB dHkh½ ugha dgsxsa vkSj tks dqN ml fdrkc esa gS mUgksuas ¼vPNh rjg½ irs½ ¼169½vkSj tks yksx fdrkc ¼[+k+qnk½ dks et+cwrh ls idM+s gq, gSa vkSj ikcUnh ls uekt+ vnk djrs gSa¼mUgsa mldk lokc t+:j feysxk D;ksafd½ ge gjfxt+ usdksdkjks dk lokc cjckn ugha djrs ¼170½rks ¼,s jlwy ;gwn dks ;kn fnykvks½ tc ge us mu ¼ds ljksa½ ij igkM+ dks bl rjg yVdkfn;k fd xks;k lk,cku ¼NIij½ Fkk vkSj og yksx le> pqds Fks fd mu ij vc fxjk vkSj geus

mudks gqDe fn;k fd tks dqN geus rqEgsa vrk fd;k gS mls et+cwrh ls idM+ yks vkSj tks dqNmlesa fy[kk gS ;kn j[kks rkfd rqe ijgst+xkj cu tkvks ¼171½vkSj mls jlwy og oD+r Hkh ;kn ¼fnykvks½ tc rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us vkne dh vkSykn lscfLr;ksa ls ¼ckgj fudky dj½ mudh vkSykn ls [kqn muds eqd+kcys esa ,d+jkj dj fy;k ¼iwNk½fd D;k eSa rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj ugha gw¡ rks lc ds lc cksys gk¡ ge mlds xokg gSa ;s geusblfy, dgk fd ,slk u gks dgha rqe d+;ker ds fnu cksy mBks fd ge rks mlls fcYdqy cs[k+cj Fks ¼172½;k ;s dg cSBks fd ¼ge D;k djsa½ gekjs rks cki nknkvksa gh us igys f'kdZ fd;k Fkk vkSj gerks mudh vkSykn Fks ¼fd½ muds ckn nqfu;k esa vk, rks D;k gesa mu yskxksa ds t+qeZ dh lt+k esagykd djsxk tks igys gh ckfry dj pqds ¼173½vkSj ge ;w¡ viuh vk;rksa dks rQlhynkj c;ku djrs gSa vkSj rkfd og yksx ¼viuh x+yrh ls½ckt+ vk,W ¼174½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe mu yksxksa dks ml Ó[+l dk gky iqd iM+k vkSj viuh uQlkuh [+okfg'k dk rkcsnkj cu cSBk rks mldhely gS fd vxj mldks /kqRdkj nks rks Hkh t+cku fudkys jgs vkSj mldks NksM+ nks rks Hkh t+ckufudys jgs ;s ely mu yksxksa dh gS ftUgksaus gekjh vk;rksa dks >qByk;k rks ¼,s jlwy½ ;s fd+Llsmu yksxksa ls c;ku dj nks rkfd ;s yksx [kqn Hkh x+kSj djsa ¼176½ftu yksxksa us gekjh vk;rksa dks >qByk;k gS mudh Hkh D;k cqjh ely gS vkSj viuh gh tkuksa ijflre

dke gh ugha ysrs ¼[kqyklk½ ;s yksx xks;k tkuoj gSa cfYd muls Hkh dgha x, xqt+js gq, ;ghyksx ¼vewj gd+½ ls fcYdqy cs[k+cj gSa ¼179½vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ uke vYykg gh ds [k+kl gSa rks mls mUgha ukeksa esa iqdkjks vkSj tks yskx mldsukeksa esa dqÝ djrs gSa mUgsa ¼muds gky ij½ NksM+ nks vkSj og cgqr tYn vius djrwr dh lt+k,Wik,Wxsa ¼180½vkSj gekjh e[k+ywd+kr ls dqN yksx ,sls Hkh gSa tks nhus gd+ dh fgnk;r djrs gSa vkSj gd+ lsbUlkQ+ Hkh djrs gSa ¼181½vkSj ftu yksxksa us gekjh vk;rksa dks >qByk;k ge mUgsa cgqr tYn bl rjg vkfgLrk vkfgLrk¼tgUuqe esa½ ys tk,Wxsa fd mUgsa [k+cj Hkh u gksxh ¼182½vkSj eSa mUgsa ¼nqfu;k esa½ s dHkh dksbZ rdyhQ+ Hkh u igq¡prh eS rksflQZ bZekunkjksa dks ¼vt+kc ls Mjkus okyk½ vkSj osg'kr dh [kq'k[k+cjh nsus okyk g¡w ¼188½

og vYykg gh rks gS ftlus rqedks ,d Ó[+l ¼vkne½ ls iSnk fd;k vkSj mldh cph gq;h feêhls mldk tksM+k Hkh cuk Mkyk rkfd mlds lkFk jgs lgs fQj tc bUlku viuh chch ls gefcLrjh djrk gS rks chch ,d gyds ls gey ls geyk gks tkrh gS fQj mls fy, pyrh fQjrhgS fQj tc og ¼T+;knk fnu gksus ls cks>y gks tkrh gS rks nksuks ¼fe;k chch½ vius ijojfnxkjvYykg ls nqvk djus yxs fd vxj rks gesa usd Qjt+Un vrk Qjek rks ge t+:j rsjs ÓqØxqt+kjgksxasa ¼189½fQj tc [+k+qnk us mudks usd ¼Qjt+Un½ vrk Q+jek fn;k rks tks ¼vkSykn½ vYykg us mUgsa vrkfd;k Fkk yxs mlesa [+k+qnk dk Ójhd cukus rks [+k+qnk ¼dh Óku½ f'kdZ ls cgqr Å¡ph gS ¼190½D;k og yksx [+k+qnk dk Ójhd ,slksa dks cukrs gSa tks dqN Hkh iSnk ugha dj ldrs cfYd og [+kqn¼[+k+qnk ds½ iSnk fd, gq, gSa ¼191½vkSj u mudh enn dh dqnjr j[krs gSa vkSj u vki viuh enn dj ldrs gSa ¼192½vkSj vxj rqe mUgsa fgnk;r dh rjQ cqykvksaxs Hkh rks ;s rqEgkjh iSjoh ugha djus ds rqEgkjs okLrscjkcj gS [+okg ¼pkgs½ rqe mudks cqykvks ;k rqe pqipki cSBs jgks ¼193½cs'kd og yksx ftudh rqe [+k+qnk dks NksM+dj gktr djrs gks og ¼Hkh½ rqEgkjh rjg ¼vYykg ds½cUns gSa Hkyk rqe mUgsa iqdkj ds ns[kks rks vxj rqe lPps gks rks og rqEgkjh dqN lqu ysa ¼194½D;k muds ,sls ikWo Hkh gSa ftuls py ldsa ;k muds ,sls gkFk Hkh gSa ftuls ¼fdlh pht+ dks½idM+ lds ;k mudh ,slh vkW[ks Hkh gS ftuls ns[k ldsa ;k muds ,sls dku gSa ftuls lqu ldsa ¼,sjlwy mu yksxksa ls½ dg nks fd rqe vius cuk, gq, Ójhdks dks cqykvks fQj lc feydj eq> ijnkWo pys fQj ¼eq>s½ eksgyr u nks ¼195½¼fQj ns[kks esjk D;k cuk ldrs gks½ cs'kd esjk ekfyd o eqerkt+ rks cl vYykg gS ftl usfdrkc d+qjku dks ukft+y Qjek;k vkSj ogh ¼vius½ usd cUnksa dk gkyh ¼ennxkj½ gS ¼196½vkSj og yksx ¼cqr½ ftUgsa rqe vYykg ds flok ¼viuh enn dks½ iqdkjrs gks u rks og rqEgkjhenn dh dqnjr j[krs gSa vkSj u gh viuh enn dj ldrs gSa ¼197½vkSj vxj mUgsa fgnk;r dh rjQ cqyk,xk Hkh rks ;s lqu gh ugha ldrs vkSj rw rks le>rk gS fdog rq>s ¼vkW[ksa [kksys½ ns[k jgs gSa gkykWfd og ns[krs ugha ¼198½

¼,s jlwy½ rqe njxqt+j djuk ,[+fr;kj djks vkSj vPNs dke dk gqDe nks vkSj tkfgyksa dh rjQls eqg Qsj yks ¼199½vxj ÓSrku dh rjQ ls rqEgkjh ¼mEer ds½ fny esa fdlh rjg dk ¼ololk ¼'kd½ iSnk gks rksvYykg ls iukg ekWxksa ¼D;kasfd½ mlesa rks Ód gh ugha fd og cM+k lquus okyk okfd+Qdkj gS¼200½cs'kd yksx ijgst+xkj gSa tc Hkh mUgsa ÓSrku dk [+;ky Nw Hkh x;k rks pkSd iM+rs gSa fQj QkSjumudh vkW[ksa [kqy tkrh gSa ¼201½mu dkfQjksa ds HkkbZ cUn ÓSrku mudks ¼/kj idM+½ xqejkgh ds rjQ ?klhVs tkrs gSa fQj fdlhrjg dh dksrkgh ¼Hkh½ ugha djrs ¼202½vkSj tc rqe muds ikl dksbZ ¼[k+kl½ ekSftt+k ugha ykrs rks dgrs gSa fd rqeus mls D;ksa ugha cukfy;k ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eS rks cl blh ogh dk ikcUn gw¡ tks esjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQls esjs ikl vkrh gS ;s ¼d+qjku½ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls ¼gd+hdr½ dh nyhysa gSa ¼203½vkSj bekunkj yksxksa ds okLrs fgnk;r vkSj jger gSa ¼yksxksa½ tc d+qjku i

sssssssssssssss8 lwjg vuQ+kylwjg vuQ+ky enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj blesa iPgRrj ¼75½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼,s jlwy½ rqe ls yksx vuQky ¼ekys x+uher½ ds ckjs esa iwNk djrs gSa rqe dg nks fd vuQkye[k+lwl vYykg vkSj jlwy ds okLrs gS rks [+k+qnk ls Mjks ¼vkSj½ vius ckgeh ¼vkilh½ ekeykr dhvlykg djks vkSj vxj rqe lPps ¼bZekunkj½ gks rks [+k+qnk dh vkSj mlds jlwy dh brkvr djks¼1½lPps bZekunkj rks cl ogh yksx gSa fd tc ¼muds lkeus½ [+k+qnk dk ft+Ø fd;k tkrk gS rks mudsfny fgy tkrs gSa vkSj tc muds lkeus mldh vk;rsa ixM+k oSlk gh gS½ ¼4½ftl rjg rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us rqEgsa fcYdqy Bhd ¼elygr ls½ rqEgkjs ?kj ls ¼tax cnj½ esafudkyk Fkk vkSj eksfeuhu dk ,d fxjksg ¼mlls½ uk[kq'k Fkk ¼5½fd og yksx gd+ ds t+kfgj gksus ds ckn Hkh rqels ¼[+okg ek[+okg½ lPph ckr esa >xM+rsa Fksa vkSjbl rjg ¼djus yxs½ xks;k ¼t+cjnLrh½ ekSr ds eq¡g esa

kfd gd+ dks ¼gd+½ lkfcr dj ns vkSj ckfry dk fefV;kesV dj ns vxj ps xqukgxkj ¼dqQkjmlls½ uk[kq'k gh D;ksa u gks ¼8½¼;s og oD+r Fkk½ tc rqe vius ijofnxkj ls Qfj;kn dj jgs Fks mlus rqEgkjh lqu yh vkSjtokc ns fn;k fd eSa rqEgkjh yxkrkj gt+kj Qfj'rksa ls enn d:¡xk ¼9½vkSj ¼;s benkn x+Sch½ [+k+qnk us flQZ rqEgkjh [k+kfrj ¼[kq'kh½ ds fy, dh Fkh vkSj rqEgkjs fnyeqrebu gks tk,W vkSj ¼;kn j[kks½ enn [+k+qnk ds flok vkSj dgha ls ¼dHkh½ ugha gksrh cs'kdvYykg x+kfyc fgder okyk gS ¼10½;s og oD+r Fkk tc viuh rjQ ls bfReuku nsus ds fy, rqe ij uhan dks x+kfyc dj jgk FkkvkSj rqe ij vkleku ls ikuh cjl jgk Fkk rkfd mlls rqEgsa ikd ¼ikdht+k dj ns vkSj rqe lsÓSrku dh xUnxh nwj dj ns vkSj rqEgkjs fny et+cwr dj ns vkSj ikuh ls ¼ckyw te tk,½ vkSjrqEgkjs d+ne c d+ne ¼vPNh rjg½ tek, jgs ¼11½¼,s jlwy ;s og oD+r Fkk½ tc rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj Qfj'rksa ls Qjek jgk Fkk fd eS ;dhuurqEgkjs lkFk gw¡ rqe bZekunkjksa dks lkfcr d+ne j[kks eS cgqr tYn dkfQjksa ds fnyksa esa ¼rqEgkjkjkSc½ Mky nw¡xk ¼il fQj D;k gS vc½ rks mu dqQkj dh xnZuksa ij ekjks vkSj mudh iksj iksjdks pfV;k dj nks ¼12½;s ¼lt+k½ blfy, gS fd mu yksxksa us [+k+qnk vkSj mlds jlwy dh eq[+kkfyQ dh vkSj tks Ó[+l¼Hkh½ [+k+qnk vkSj mlds jlwy dh eq[k+kyQ+r djsxk rks ¼;kn jgsa fd½ [+k+qnk cM+k l[+r vt+kc djusokyk gS ¼13½¼dkfQjksa nqfu;k esa rks½ yks fQj ml ¼lt+k dk p[kks vkSj ¼fQj vkf[k+j esa rks½ dkfQjksa ds okLrstgUuqe dk vt+kc gh gS ¼14½,s bZekunkjksa tc rqels dq+Q+kj ls eSnkus tax esa eqd+kcyk gqvk rks ¼[k+cjnkj½ mudh rjQ ihB udjuk ¼15½¼;kn jgs fd½ ml Ó[+l ds flok tks yM+kbZ okLrs drjk, ;k fdlh tekvr ds ikl ¼tkdj½ekSds+ ik, ¼vkSj½ tks Ó[+l Hkh ml fnu mu dq+Q+kj dh rjQ ihB Qsjsxk og ;d+huh ¼fgj fQjds½ vYykg ds x+tc esa vk x;k vkSj mldk fBdkuk tgUuqe gh gSa vkSj og D;k cqjk fBdkuk gS¼16½

vkSj ¼eqlyekuksa½ mu dq+Q+kj dks dqN rqeus rks d+Ry fd;k ugh cfYd mudks rks [+k+qnk us d+Ryfd;k vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ tc rqeus rhj ekjk rks dqN rqeus ugh ekjk cfYd [+k+qn [+k+qnk us rhj ekjkvkSj rkfd viuh rjQ ls eksfeuhu ij [kwc ,glku djs cs'kd vYykg ¼lcdh½ lqurk vkSj ¼lcdqN½ tkurk gS ¼17½;s rks ;s vYykg rks dkfQjksa dh eDdkjh dk det+ksj dj nsus okyk gS ¼18½¼dkfQ+j½ vxj rqe ;s pkgrs gks ¼fd tks gd+ ij gks mldh½ Q+rsg gks ¼eqlyekuksa dh½ Q+rsg HkhrqEgkjs lkeus vk ekStwn gq;h vc D;k xq+:j ckd+h gS vkSj vxj rqe ¼vc Hkh eq[k+rfyQ+ bLyke½ls ckt+ jgks rks rqEgkjs okLrs csgrj gS vkSj vxj dgha rqe iyV iM+s rks ¼;kn jgs½ ge Hkh iyViM+sxsaa ¼vkSj rqEgsa rckg dj NksM+ nsxsa½ vkSj rqEgkjh tekvr vxjps cgqr T+;knk Hkh gks gjfxt+ dqNdke u vk,xh vkSj [+k+qnk rks ;d+huh ekfeuhu ds lkFk gS ¼19½¼,s bZekunkjksa vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy dh brkvr djks vkSj mlls eq¡g u eksM+ks tc rqe le> jgsgks ¼20½vkSj mu yksxksa ds ,sls u gks tkvksa tks ¼eq¡g ls rks½ dgrs Fks fd ge lqu jgs gSa gkykfd oglqurs ¼lqukrs [k+kd½ u Fks ¼21½blesa Ód ugha fd t+ehu ij pyus okys reke gSokukr ls cnrj vYykg ds ut+nhd og cgjsxw¡xs ¼dqQkj½ gSa tks dqN ugha le>rs ¼22½vkSj vxj [+k+qnk muesa usdh ¼dh cw Hkh½ ns[krk rks t+:j muesa lquus dh d+kcfy;r vrk djrkexj ;s ,sls gSa fd vxj muesa lquus dh d+kfcy;r Hkh nsrk rks eq¡g Qsj dj HkkxrsA ¼23½,s bZekunkj tc rqe dks gekjk jlwy ¼eksgEen½ ,sls dke ds fy, cqyk, tks rqEgkjh :gkuh ft+Unxhdk ckbl gks rks rqe vYykg vkSj jlwy ds gqDe fny ls dqcwy dj yks vkSj tku yks fdvYykg og d+kfnj eqrfyd+ gS fd vkneh vkSj mlds fny ¼bjkns½ ds njfe;ku bl rjg vk tkrkgS vkSj ;s Hkh le> yks fd rqe lcds lc mlds lkeus gkft+j fd;s tkvksxs ¼24½vkSj ml fQrus ls Mjrs jgks tks [k+kl mUgha yksxksa ij ugh iM+sxk ftUgksus rqe esa ls t+qYe fd;k¼cfYd rqe lcds lc mlesa iM+ tkvksxs½ vkSj ;d+hu ekuksa fd vYykg cM+k l[+r vt+kc djusokyk gS ¼25½

¼eqlyekuksa og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc rqe lj t+ehu ¼eDds½ esa cgqr de vkSj fcYdqy cscl Fksmlls lges tkrs Fks fd dgha yksx rqedks mpd u ys tk, rks vYykg us rqedks ¼enhus esa½ iukgnh vkSj [k+kl viuh enn ls rqEgkjh rkbZn dh vkSj rqEgs ikd o ikdht+k pht+s [kkus dks nh rkfdrqe ÓqØ xqt+kjh djks ¼26½,s bZekunkjksa u rks [+k+qnk vkSj jlwy dh ¼vekur esa½ [+;kur djks vkSj u viuh vekurksa esa [+;kurdjks gkykWfd le>rs cw>rs gks ¼27½vkSj ;d+hu tkuksa fd rqEgkjs eky vkSj rqEgkjh vkSykn rqEgkjh vkt+ekb'k ¼bErsgku½ dh pht+s gSa fdtks mudh eksgCcr esa Hkh vYykg dks u Hkwys vkSj og nhunkj gS ¼28½vkSj ;d+huu [+k+qnk ds gkW cM+h et+nwjh gS ,s bZekunkjksa vxj rqe [+k+qnk ls Mjrs jgksxs rks og rqEgkjsokLrs bfEr;kt+ iSnk djs nsxk vkSj rqEgkjh rjQ ls rqEgkjs xqukg dk d+Q+kjk d+jkj nsxk vkSj rqEgsac[+'k nsxk vkSj [+k+qnk cM+k lkgc Qt+y ¼o dje ½ gS ¼29½vkSj ¼,s jlwy og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc dq+Q+kj rqe ls Qjsc dj jgs Fks rkfd rqedks d+Sn djysa ;k rqedks ekj Mkys rqEgsa ¼?kj ls ½ fudky ckgj djs og rks ;s rn~chj ¼pkykdh½ dj jgs FksvkSj [+k+qnk Hkh ¼muds f[k+ykQ½ rn~chj dj jgk Fkk ¼30½vkSj [+k+qnk rks lc rn~chj djus okyksa ls csgrj gS vkSj tc muds lkeus gekjh vk;rs i

eqroYyh Hkh ugha ¼fQj D;ksa jksdrs gS½ blds eqroYyh rks flQZ ijgst+xkj yksx gSa exj budkfQ+jksa esa ls cgqrsjs ugha tkurs ¼34½vkSj [k+kuk, dkcs ds ikl lhfV;kW rkfy;k ctkus ds flok mudh uekt gh D;k Fkh rks ¼,sdkfQjksa½ tc rqe dqÝ fd;k djrs Fks mldh lt+k esa ¼iM+s½ vt+kc ds et+s p[kks ¼35½blesa Ód ugha fd ;s dqQkj vius eky egt+ bl okLrs [kpZ djsxsa fQj mlds ckn mudh gljrdk ckbl gksxk fQj vkf[k+j ;s yksx gkj tk,¡xsa vkSj ftu yksxksa us dqÝ ,[+fr;kj fd;k ¼d+;keresa½ lc ds lc tgUuqe dh rjQ gkds tk,¡xsa ¼36½rkfd [+k+qnk ikd dks ukikd ls tqnk dj ns vkSj ukikd yksxksa dks ,d nwljs ij j[kds ksad ns ;gh yksx ?kkVk mBkus okys gSa ¼37½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dkfQjksa ls dg nks fd vxj og yksx ¼vc Hkh viuh Ójkjr ls½ ckt+ jgsa rksmuds fiNys dqlwj ekQ dj fn, tk,W vkSj vxj fQj dgha iyVsa rks ;d+huu vxyksa ds rjhd+sxqt+j pqds tks] mudh lt+k gq;h ogh budh Hkh gksxh ¼38½eqlyekuksa dkfQ+jksa ls yM+s tkvks ;gk¡ rd fd dksbZ Qlkn ¼ckd+h½ u jgs vkSj ¼fcYdqy lkjh[+k+qnkbZ esa½ [+k+qnk dh nhu gh nhu gks tk, fQj vxj ;s yksx ¼Q+lkn ls½ u ckt+ vk,W rks [+k+qnkmudh dkjokb;ksa dks [+kwc ns[krk gS ¼39½vkSj vxj ljrkch djsa rks ¼eqlyekuksa½ le> yks fd [+k+qnk ;d+huh rqEgkjk ekfyd gS vkSj og D;kvPNk ekfyd gS vkSj D;k vPNk ennxkj gS ¼40½vkSj tku yks fd tks dqN rqe ¼eky yM+dj½ ywVks rks muesa dk ikWpokW fgLlk e[k+lwl [+k+qnk vkSjjlwy vkSj ¼jlwy ds½ d+jkcrnkjksa vkSj ;rheksa vkSj feLdhuksa vkSj ijnsfl;ksa dk gS vxj rqe vYykgij vkSj ml ¼x+Sch benkn½ ij bZeku yk pqds gks tks geus [k+kl cUns ¼eksgEen½ ij Q+Slys dsfnu ¼tax cnj esa½ ukft+y dh Fkh ftl fnu ¼eqlyekuksa vkSj dkfQjksa dh½ nks tekvrsa ckge xqFkx;h Fkh vkSj [+k+qnk rks gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼41½¼;s og oD+r Fkk½ tc rqe ¼eSnkus tax esa enhus ds½ d+jhc ukds ij Fks vkSj og dq+Q+kj cbZn¼nwj ds½ ds ukds ij vkSj ¼dkfQ+ys ds½ lokj rqe ls u'ksc esa Fks vkSj vxj rqe ,d nwljs ls¼oD+r dh rd+jhj dk½ ok;nk dj ysrs gks rks vkSj oD+r ij xM+cM+ dj nsrs exj ¼vYykg usvpkud rqe yksxksa dks bdV~Bk dj fn;k rkfd tks ckr Ónuh ¼gksuh½ Fkh og iwjh dj fn[kk,rkfd tks Ó[+l gykd ¼xqejkg½ gks og ¼gd+ dh½ gqTtr reke gksus ds ckn gykd gks vkSj tks

ft+Unk jgs og fgnk;r dh gqTtr reke gksus ds ckn ft+Unk jgs vkSj vYykg ;d+huh lquus okyk[k+cjnkj gS ¼42½¼;s og oD+r Fkk½ tc [+k+qnk us rqEgsa [+okc esa dq+Q+kj dks de djds fn[kyk;k Fkk vkSj vxjmudks rqEgsa T+;knk djrs fn[kykrk rqe ;d+huu fgEer gkj nsrs vkSj yM+kbZ ds ckjs esa >xM+us yxrsexj vYykg us bls ¼cnukeh½ ls cpk;k blesa rks Ód gh ugha fd og fnyh [+;kykr ls okfd+Q+gS ¼43½¼;s og oD+r Fkk½ tc rqe yksxksa us eqBHksM+ dh rks [+k+qnk us rqEgkjh vkW[kksa esa dq+Q+kj dks cgqrde djds fn[kyk;k vkSj mudh vkW[kksa esa rqedks FkksM+k dj fn;k rkfd vYykg dks tks dqN djukeat+wj Fkk og iwjk gks tk, vkSj dqy ckrksa dk nkjksenkj rks vYykg gh ij gS ¼44½,s bekunkjksa tc rqe fdlh QkSt ls eqBHksM+ djks rks [k+cjnkj vius d+ne tek, jgks vkSj vYykgdks cgqar ;kn djrs jgks rkfd rqe Qykg ikvks ¼45½vkSj [+k+qnk dh vkSj mlds jlwy dh brkvr djks vkSj vkil esa >xM+k u djks ojuk rqe fgEergkjksxs vkSj rqEgkjh gok m[kM+ tk,xh vkSj ¼tax dh rdyhQ+ dks½ >sy tkvks ¼D;ksafd½ vYykgrks ;d+huu lcz djus okyksa dk lkFkh gS ¼46½vkSj mu yksxksa ds ,sls u gks tkvks tks brjkrs gq, vkSj yksxksa ds fn[kykus ds okLrs vius ?kjksa lsfudy [kM+s gq, vkSj yksxksa dks vYykg dh jkg ls jksdrs gSa vkSj tks dqN Hkh og yksx djrs gSa[+k+qnk ml ij ¼gj rjg ls½ vgkrk fd, gq, gS ¼47½vkSj tc ÓSrku us mudh dkjLrkfu;ksa dks mEnk dj fn[kk;k vkSj muds dku esa QwWd fn;k fdyksxksa esa vkt dksbZ ,slk ugha tks rqe ij x+kfyc vk lds vkSj eS rqEgkjk ennxkj gwW fQj tcnksuksa y'dj eqdkfcy gq, rks vius myVs ikWo Hkkx fudyk vkSj dgus yxk fd eS rks rqe lsvyx gwW eS og phtsa+ ns[k jgk gwW tks rqEgsa ugha lw>rh eSa rks vYykg ls Mjrk gwW vkSj vYykgcgqr l[+r vt+kc okyk gS ¼48½¼;s oD+r Fkk½ tc equkfQd+hu vkSj ftu yksxksa ds fny esa ¼dqÝ dk½ et+Z gS dg jgs Fks fd mueqlyekuksa dks muds nhu us /kksds esa Mky j[kk gS ¼fd brjkrs fQjrs gSa gkykWfd tks Ó[+l [+k+qnk ijHkjkslk djrk gS ¼og x+kfyc jgrk gS D;ksafd½ [+k+qnk rks ;d+huu x+kfyc vkSj fgder okyk gS ¼49½vkSj dk'k ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ns[krs tc Q+fj'rs dkfQ+jksa dh tku fudky ysrs Fks vkSj :[k+ vkSj iq'r¼ihB½ ij dksM+s ekjrs Fks vkSj ¼dgrs Fks fd½ vt+kc tgUuqe ds et+s p[kksa ¼50½

;s lt+k mldh gS tks rqEgkjs gkFkksa us igys fd;k djk;k gS vkSj vYykg cUnksa ij gjfxt+ t+qYeugha fd;k djrk gS ¼51½¼mu yksxksa dh gkyr½ d+kSes fQjvkÅu vkSj muds yksxksa dh lh gS tks mu ls igys Fks vkSj [+k+qnkdh vk;rksa ls bUdkj djrs Fks rks [+k+qnk us Hkh muds xqukgksa dh otg ls mUgsa ys Mkyk cs'kdvYykg t+cjnLr vkSj cgqr l[+r vt+kc nsus okyk gS ¼52½;s lt+k bl otg ls ¼nh xbZ½ fd tc dksbZ usver vYykg fdlh d+kSe dks nsrk gS rks tc rdfd og yksx [+kqn viuh dych gkyr ¼u½ cnysa vYykg Hkh mls ugha cnysxk vkSj [+k+qnk rks;d+huh ¼lc dh lqurk½ vkSj lc dqN tkurk gS ¼53½¼mu yksxksa dh gkyr½ d+kSe fQjvkÅu vkSj mu yksxksa dh lh gS tks muls igys Fks vkSj viusijojfnxkj dh vk;rksa dks >qBykrs Fks rks geus Hkh muds xqukgksa dh otg ls mudks gykd+ djMkyk vkSj fQjvkÅu dh d+kSe dks Mqck ekjk vkSj ¼;s½ lc ds lc t+kfye Fks ¼54½blesa Ód ugha fd [+k+qnk ds ut+nhd tkuojksa esa dq+Q+kj lcls cnrjhu rks ¼ckotwn blds½ fQjbZeku ugha ykrs ¼55½,s jlwy ftu yksxksa ls rqe us ,gn o iSeku fd;k Fkk fQj og yksx vius ,gn dks gj ckj rksM+Mkyrs gS vkSj ¼fQj [+k+qnk ls½ ugha Mjrs ¼56½rks vxj og yM+kbZ esa rqEgkjs gkFks p

vkSj mlds flok nwljs yksxksa ij Hkh viuh /kkd c gSa ¼65½vc [+k+qnk us rqe ls ¼vius gqDe dh l[+rh esa½ r[+Q+hQ ¼deh½ dj nh vkSj ns[k fy;k fd rqeesa ;d+huu det+ksjh gS rks vxj rqe yksxksa esa ls lkfcr d+ne jgus okys lkS gksxsa rks nks lkS¼dkfQ+jksa½ ij x+kfyc jgsaxsa vkSj vxj rqe yksxksa esa ls ¼,sls½ ,d gt+kj gksxsa rks vYykg ds gqDels nks gt+kj ¼dkfQ+jksa½ ij x+kfyc jgsaxs vkSj ¼tax dh rdyhQksa dks½ >sy tkus okyksa dk vYykglkFkh gS ¼66½dksbZ uch tc fd :, t+ehu ij ¼dkfQjksa dk½ [kwu u cgk, mlds ;gk¡ dS+fn;ksa dk jguk equkflcugha rqe yksx rks nqfu;k ds lkt+ks lkeku ds [+okgkW ¼pkgus okys½ gks vkSWj [+k+qnk ¼rqEgkjs fy,½vkf[k+jr dh ¼HkykbZ½ dk [okgkW gS vkSj vYykg t+cjnLr fgder okyk gS ¼67½vkSj vxj vYykg dh rjQ ls igys gh ¼mldh½ ekQh dk gqDe vk pqdk gksrk rks rqeus tks¼cnj ds d+Sfn;ksa ds NksM+ nsus ds cnys½ fQfn;k fy;k Fkk ¼68½

mldh lt+k esa rqe ij cM+k vt+kc ukft+y gksdj jgrk rks ¼[k+Sj tks gqvk lks gqvk½ vc rqeus tkseky x+uher gkfly fd;k gS mls [kkvks ¼vkSj rqEgkjs fy,½ gyky r¸;c gS vkSj vYykg ls Mjrsjgks cs'kd vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼69½,s jlwy tks dS+nh rqEgkjs dCts+ es a gS muls dg nks fd vxj rqEgkjs fnyksa esa usdh ns[ksxk rks tks¼eky½ rqe ls Nhu fy;k x;k gS mlls dgha csgrj rqEgsa vrk Qjek,xk vkSj rqEgsa c[+'k Hkh nsxkvkSj vYykg rks cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼70½vkSj vxj ;s yksx rqels Qjsc djuk pkgrs gS rks [+k+qnk ls igys gh Qjsc dj pqds gSa rks ¼mldhlt+k esa½ [+k+qnk us mu ij rqEgsa d+kcw ns fn;k vkSj [+k+qnk rks cM+k okfd+Qdkj fgder okyk gS ¼71½ftu yksxksa us bZeku d++qcwy fd;k vkSj fgtjr dh vkSj vius vius tku eky ls vYykg dh jkgesa ftgkn fd;k vkSj ftu yksxksa us ¼fgtjr djus okyksa dks txg nh vkSj gj ¼rjg½ mudh [k+cjxhjh ¼enn½ dh ;gh yksx ,d nwljs ds ¼ckge½ ljijLr nksLr gSa vkSj ftu yskxksa us bZeku d+qcwyfd;k vkSj fgtjr ugha dh rks rqe yksxksa dks mudh ljijLrh ls dqN ljksdkj ugha&;gk¡ rd fdog fgtjr ,[+fr;kj djsa vkSj ¼gkW½ exj nhuh vez esa rqe ls enn ds [+okgkW gks rks rqe ij¼mudh enn djuk ykft+e o okftc gS exj mu yksxksa ds eqd+kcys esa ¼ugha½ ftuesa vkSj rqeesackge ¼lqyg dk½ ,gnks iSeku gS vkSj tks dqN rqe djrs gks vYykg ¼lcdks½ ns[k jgk gS ¼72½vkSj tks yksx dkfQ+j gSa og Hkh ¼ckge½ ,d nwljs ds ljijLr gSa vxj rqe ¼bl rjg½ ok;nk udjksxs rks :, t+ehu ij fQ+ruk ¼Q+lkn½ cjik gks tk,xk vkSj cM+k Q+lkn gksxk ¼73½vkSj ftu yksxksa us bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj fgtjr dh vkSj [+k+qnk dh jkg esa yM+s fHkM+s vkSj ftuyksxksa us ¼,sls ukt+qd oD+r esa eqgkftjhu dks txg gh vkSj mudh gj rjg [+kcjxhjh ¼enn½ dh;gh yksx lPps bZekunkj gSa mUgha ds okLrs ex+fQjr vkSj bT+t+r o vkc# okyh jkst+h gS ¼74½vkSj ftu yksxksa us ¼lqyg gqnSfc;k ds½ ckn bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj fgtjr dh vkSj rqEgkjs lkFkfeydj ftgkn fd;k og yksx Hkh rqEgha esa ls gSa vkSj lkgckus d+jkcr [+k+qnk dh fdrkc esa ckge,d nwljs ds ¼cfuLcr vkSjksa ds½ T+;knk gd+nkj gSa cs'kd [+k+qnk gj pht+ ls [k+wc okfd+Q gSa ¼75½

9 lwjg rkScklwjg rkSck enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj blesa ,d lkS murhl ¼129½ vk;rsa gSa¼,s eqlyekuksa½ ftu eq'kfjdksa ls rqe yksxksa us lqyg dk ,gn fd;k Fkk vc vYykg vkSj mldsjlwy dh rjQ ls muls ¼,d ne½ cst+kjh gS ¼1½rks ¼,s eq'kfjdksa½ cl rqe pkj eghus ¼t+hdknk] fty fgTtk] eqgjZe jtc½ rks ¼pSu ls cs[k+rj½ :,t+ehu esa lSjks fl;kgr ¼?kwe fQj½ dj yks vkSj ;s le>rs jgs fd rqe ¼fdlh rjg½ [+k+qnk dksvkftt+ ugha dj ldrs vkSj ;s Hkh fd [+k+qnk dkfQ+jksa dks t+:j :lok djds jgsxk ¼2½vkSj [+k+qnk vkSj mlds jlwy dh rjQ ls gt vdcj ds fnu ¼rqe½ yksxksa dks equknh dh tkrh gSfd [+k+qnk vkSj mldk jlwy eq'kfjdksa ls cst+kj ¼vkSj vyx½ gS rks ¼eq'kfjdksa½ vxj rqe yksxksa us¼vc Hkh½ rkSck dh rks rqEgkjs gd+ esa ;gh csgrj gS vkSj vxj rqe yksxksa us ¼blls Hkh½ eqWgeksM+k rks le> yks fd rqe yksx [+k+qnk dks gjfxt+ vkftt+ ugha dj ldrs vkSj ftu yksxksa us dqÝb[+rs;kj fd;k mudks nnZukd vt+kc dh [+kq'k [k+cjh ns nks ¼3½exj ¼gk¡½ ftu eq'kfjdksa ls rqeus ,gnks iSeku fd;k Fkk fQj mu yksxksa us Hkh dHkh dqN rqels¼oQ+k ,gn esa½ deh ugha dh vkSj u rqEgkjs eqd+kcys esa fdlh dh enn dh gks rks muds ,gn oiSeku dks ftruh eqí~r ds okLrs eqd+jZj fd;k gS iwjk dj nks [+k+qnk ijgst+xkjksa dks ;d+huu nksLrj[krk gS ¼4½fQj tc gqjer ds pkj eghus xqt+j tk,¡ rks eq'fjdks dks tgk¡ ikvks ¼cs rkEeqy½ dRy djks vkSjmudks fxjrkj dj yks vkSj mudks dS+n djks vkSj gj ?kkr dh txg esa mudh rkd esa cSBks fQjvxj og yksx ¼vc Hkh f'kdZ ls½ ckt+ vk,W vkSj uekt+ i

mu ls ¼viuk ,gn½ d+k;e j[kks cs'kd vYykg ¼cn ,gnh ls½ ijgst+ djus okyksa dks nksLr j[krkgS ¼7½¼mudk ,gn½ D;ksadj ¼jg ldrk gS½ tc ¼mudh ;s gkyr gS½ fd vxj rqe ij x+yck ik tk,Wrks rqEgkjs esa u rks fj'rs ukrs gh dk fygkt+ djsxsa vkSj u vius d+kSy o d+jkj dk ;s yksx rqEgsaviuh t+ckuh ¼tek [kpZ esa½ [kq'k dj nsrs gSa gkykWfd muds fny ugha ekurs vkSj muesa ds cgqrsjsrks cnpyu gSa ¼8½vkSj mu yksxksa us vYykg dh vk;rksa ds cnys FkksM+h lh d+her ¼nqfu;koh Qk;ns½ gkfly djds¼yksxksa dks½ mldh jkg ls jksd fn;k cs'kd ;s yksx tks dqN djrs gSa ;s cgqr gh cqjk gS ¼9½;s yksx fdlh eksfeu ds ckjs esa u rks fj'rk ukrk gh dj fygkt+ djrs gSa vkSj u d+kSy dkd+jkj dk vkSj ¼okd+bZ½ ;gh yksx T+;knrh djrs gSa ¼10½rks vxj ¼vHkh eq'kfjd ls½ rkSck djsa vkSj uekt+ i

mlds jlwy vkSj eksesuhu ds flok fdlh dks viuk jkt+nkj nksLr ugha cukrs vkSj tks dqN Hkh rqedjrs gks [+k+qnk mlls ck[k+cj gS ¼16½eq'kjsdhu dk ;s dke ugha fd tc og vius dqÝ+ dk [+kqn bd+jkj djrs gS rks vYykg dhefLtnksa dks ¼tkdj½ vkckn djs ;gh og yksx gS a ftudk fd;k djk;k lc vdkjr gqvk vkSj ;syksx ges'kk tgUuqe esa jgsaxs ¼17½[+k+qnk dh efLtnksa dks cl flQZ ogha Ó[+l ¼tkdj½ vkckn dj ldrk gS tks [+k+qnk vkSj jksts+vkf[+kjr ij bZeku yk, vkSj uekt+ i

;gk¡ rd fd vYykg viuk gqDe ¼vt+kc½ ekStwn djs vkSj vYykg ukQjeku yksxksa dh fgnk;rugha djrk ¼24½¼eqlyekuksa½ vYykg us rqEgkjh cgqrsjs ed+kekr ij ¼x+Sch½ benkn dh vkSj ¼[k+kldj½ tax gquSu dsfnu tc rqEgsa viuh d+ljr ¼rknkn½ us ex+:j dj fn;k Fkk fQj og d+ljr rqEgsa dqN Hkh dkeu vk;h vkSj ¼rqe ,sls ?kcjk, fd½ t+ehu ckotwn ml olvr ¼QSyko½ ds rqe ij rax gks xbZrqe ihB dj Hkkx fudys ¼25½rc [+k+qnk us vius jlwy ij vkSj eksfeuhu ij viuh ¼rjQ ls½ rldhu ukft+y QjekbZ vkSj ¼jlwydh [k+kfrj ls½ Q+fj'rksa ds y'dj Hksts ftUgsa rqe ns[krs Hkh ugha Fks vkSj dq+Q+kj ij vt+kcukft+y Qjek;k vkSj dkfQjksa dh ;gh lt+k gS ¼26½mlds ckn [+k+qnk ftldh pkgs rkSck d+qcwy djs vkSj [+k+qnk cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼27½,s bZekunkjksa eq'kjsdhu rks fujs uftl gSa rks vc og ml lky ds ckn efLtnqy gjke ¼[k+kuk ,dkck½ ds ikl fQj u QVdus ik,¡ vkSj vxj rqe ¼muls tqnk gksus esa½ Qd+jksa Qkd+k ls Mjrs gksrks vudjhc gh vYykg rqedks vxj pkgsxk rks vius Qt+y ¼dje½ ls x+uhdj nsxk cs'kdvYykg cM+k okfd+Qdkj fgder okyk gS ¼28½,gys fdrkc esa ls tks yksx u rks ¼fny ls½ vYykg gh ij beku j[krs gSa vkSj u jkst+s vkf[k+jrij vkSj u vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy dh gjke dh gq;h pht+ksa dks gjke le>rs gSa vkSj u lPpsnhu gh dks ,[+fr;kj djrs gSa mu yksxksa ls yM+s tkvks ;gk¡ rd fd og yksx t+yhy gksdj¼vius½ gkFk ls tft+;k ns ¼29½;gwn rks dgrs gSa fd vt+ht+ [+k+qnk ds csVs gSa vkSj uqlSjk dgrs gSa fd elhgk ¼bZlk½ [+k+qnk ds csVsgSa ;s rks mudh ckr gS vkSj ¼og [+kqn½ mUgha ds eq¡g ls ;s yksx Hkh mUgha dkfQ+jksa dh lh ckrsacukus yxs tks muls igys xqt+j pqds gSa [+k+qn mudks d+Ry ¼rgl ugl½ djds ¼ns[kks rks½ dgk¡ lsdgk¡ HkVds tk jgs gSa ¼30½mu yksxksa us rks vius [+k+qnk dks NksM+dj viuh vkfyeksa dks vkSj vius t+kfgnksa dks vkSj efj;e dscsVs elhg dks viuk ijojfnxkj cuk Mkyk gkykWfd mUgksusa flok, blds vkSj gqDe gh ugha fn;kx;k fd [+k+qnk, ;drk ¼flQ+Z vYykg½ dh bcknr djsa mlds flok ¼vkSj dksbZ d+kfcys ijlfr'kugha½ ¼31½ftl pht+ dks ;s yksx mldk Ójhd+ cukrs gSa og mlls ikd o ikd+htk gS ;s yksx pkgrs gSa fd

vius eq¡g ls ¼QwWd ekjdj½ [+k+qnk ds uwj dks cq>k nsa vkSj [+k+qnk blds flok dqN ekurk gh ughafd vius uwj dks iwjk gh djds jgs ¼32½vxjps dq+Q+kj cqjk ekuk djsa ogh rks ¼og [+k+qnk½ gS fd ftlus vius jlwy ¼eksgEen½ dks fgnk;rvkSj lPps nhu ds lkFk ¼ ecÅl djds½ Hkstrk fd mldks reke nhuks ij x+kfyc djs vxjpseq'kjsdhu cqjk ekuk djs ¼33½,s bZekunkjksa blesa mlesa Ód ugha fd ¼;gwn o ulkjk ds½ cgqrsjs vkfye t+kfgn yskxksa dsekysukgd+ ¼ukgd+½ p[k tkrs gS vkSj ¼yksxksa dks½ [+k+qnk dh jkg ls jksdrs gSa vkSj tks yksx lksukvkSj pk¡nh tek djrs tkrs gSa vkSj mldks [+k+qnk dh jkg esa [kpZ ugha djrs rks ¼,s jlwy½ mu dksnnZukd vt+kc dh [+kq'k[kcjh lquk nks ¼34½¼ftl fnu og ¼lksuk pk¡nh½ tgUuqe dh vkx esa xeZ ¼vkSj yky½ fd;k tk,xk fQj mlls mudhis'kkfu;k¡ vkSj muds igyw vkSj mudh ihBsa nkx+h tk,Wxh ¼vkSj muls dgk tk,xk½ ;s og gS ftlsrqeus vius fy, ¼nqfu;k esa½ tek djds j[kk Fkk rks ¼vc½ vius tek fd, dk et+k p[kks ¼35½blesa rks Ód gh ugha fd vYykg us ftl fnu vkleku o t+ehu dks iSnk fd;k ¼mlh fnu ls½vYykg ds ut+nhd [+k+qnk dh fdrkc ¼ykSgs egQwt+½ esa eghuksa dh fxurh ckjg eghus gS muesa lspkj eghus ¼vnc o½ gqjer ds gSa ;gh nhu lh/kh jkg gS rks mu pkj eghuksa esa rqe vius Åij¼dq'r o [+kwu ¼ekj dkV½ djds½ t++qYe u djks vkSj eq'kjsdhu ftl rjg rqe ls lcds clfeydj yM+rs gSa rqe Hkh mlh rjg lcds lc feydj mu ls yM+ksa vkSj ;s tku yks fd [+k+qnk rks;d+huu ijgst+xkjksa ds lkFk gS ¼36½eghuksa dk vkxs ihNs dj nsuk Hkh dqÝ+ gh dh T+;knrh gS fd mudh cnkSyr dq+Q+kj ¼vkSj½ cgdtkrs gSa ,d cjl rks mlh ,d eghus dks gyky le> ysrs gSa vkSj ¼nwljs½ lky mlh eghus dksgjke dgrs gSa rkfd [+k+qnk us tks ¼pkj eghus½ gjke fd, gSa mudh fxurh gh iwjh dj ysa vkSjvYykg dh gjke dh gq;h pht+ dks gyky dj ysa mudh cqjh ¼cqjh½ dkjLrkfu;kW mUgsa Hkyh djfn[kkbZ xbZ gSa vkSj vYykg dkfQj yksxks dks eaft+ys ed+lwn rd ugha igq¡pk;k djrk ¼37½,s bZekunkjksa rqEgsa D;k gks x;k gS fd tc rqels dgk tkrk gS fd [+k+qnk dh jkg esa ¼ftgkn dsfy,½ fudyks rks rqe yn/kM+ ¼qds iM+rs gks D;k rqe vkf[k+jr dscfuLcr nqfu;k dh ¼pUn jkst+k½ ftUnxh dks ilUn djrs Fks rks ¼le> yks fd½ nqfu;k dhs ft+Unxhdk lkt+ks lkeku ¼vkf[k+j ds½ ,s'k o vkjke ds eqd+kcys esa cgqr gh FkksM+k gS ¼38½vxj ¼vc Hkh½ rqe u fudyksxs rks [+k+qnk rqe ij nnZukd vt+kc ukft+y Qjek,xk vkSj ¼[+k+qnk dqN

etcjw rks gS ugha½ rqEgkjs cnys fdlh nwljh d+kSe dks ys vk,xk vkSj rqe mldk dqN Hkh fcxkM+ugha ldrs vkSj [+k+qnk gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼39½vxj rqe ml jlwy dh enn u djksxs rks ¼dqN ijokg~ ugha [+k+qnk ennxkj gS½ mlus rks viusjlwy dh ml oD+r enn dh tc mldh dq+Q+kj ¼eDdk½ us ¼?kj ls½ fudy ckgj fd;k mloD+r flQZ ¼nks vkneh Fks½ nwljs jlwy Fks tc og nksuks x+kj ¼lkSj½ esa Fks tc vius lkFkh dks¼mldh fxfj;k o t+kjh ¼jksus½ ij½ le>k jgs Fks fd ?kcjkvks ugha [+k+qnk ;d+huu gekjs lkFk gS rks[+k+qnk us mu ij viuh ¼rjQ ls½ rldhu ukft+y QjekbZ vkSj ¼Q+fj'rksa ds½ ,sls y'dj ls mudhenn dh ftudks rqe yksxksa us ns[kk rd ugha vkSj vYykg us dkfQjksa dh ckr uhph dj fn[kkbZvkSj [+k+qnk gh dk cksy ckyk gS vkSj [+k+qnk rks x+kfyc fgder okyk gS ¼40½¼eqlyekuksa½ rqe gyds Qqyds ¼gWlrs½ gks ;k Hkkjh Hkjde ¼elyg½ cgj gky tc rqedks gqDefn;k tk, QkSju py [kM+s gks vkSj viuh tkuksa ls vius ekyksa ls [+k+qnk dh jkg esas ftgkn djksvxj rqe ¼dqN tkurs gks rks½ le> yks fd ;gh rqEgkjs gd+ esa csgrj gS ¼41½¼,s jlwy½ vxj ljs nLr Q+k;nk vkSj lQj vklku gksrk rks ;d+huu ;s yksx rqEgkjk lkFk nsrsexj bu ij eqlkQ+r ¼lQ+j½ dh e'kd+d+r ¼l[+rh½ rwykuh gks xbZ vkSj vxj ihNs jg tkus dhot+g ls iwNksxs rks ;s yksx QkSju [+k+qnk dh d+lesa [kkW,xsa fd vxj ge esa ldr gksrh rks ge Hkht+:j rqe yksxksa ds lkFk gh py [kM+s gksrs ;s yksx >wBh dlesa [kkdj viuh tku vki gykdfd, Mkyrs gSa vkSj vYykg rks tkurk gS fd ;s yksx cs'kd >wBs gSa ¼42½¼,s jlwy½ [+k+qnk rqels njxqt+j Qjek, rqeus mUgsa ¼ihNs jg tkus dh½ btkt+r gh D;ksa nh rkfd¼rqe½ vxj ,slk u djrs rks½ rqe ij lp cksyus okys ¼vyx½ t+kfgj gks tkrs vkSj rqe >wVksa dks¼vyx½ ekywe dj ysrs ¼43½¼,s jlwy½ tks yksx ¼fny ls½ [+k+qnk vkSj jkst+s vkf[k+jr ij bZeku j[krs gSa og rks vius eky lsvkSj viuh tkuksa ls ftgkn ¼u½ djus dh btkt+r ekWxus ds ugha ¼cfYd og [+kqn tk,Wxsa½ vkSj[+k+qnk ijgst+xkjksa ls [kwc okfd+Q gS ¼44½¼ihNs jg tkus dh½ btkt+r rks cl ogh yksx ekWxsaxs tks [+k+qnk vkSj jksts+ vkf[k+jr ij bZeku ughaj[krs vkSj muds fny ¼rjg rjg½ ds Ód dj jgs gS rks og vius Ód esa MkokWMksy gks jgs gSa¼45½¼fd D;k djsa D;k u djsa½ vkSj vxj ;s yksx ¼?kj ls½ fudyus dh Bku ysrs rks ¼dqN u dqNlkeku rks djrs exj ¼ckr ;s gS½ fd [+k+qnk us muds lkFk Hkstus dks ukilUn fd;k rks mudks

dkfgy cuk fn;k vkSj ¼xks;k½ muls dg fn;k x;k fd rqe cSBus okyksa ds lkFk cSBs ¼eD[khekjrs½ jgks ¼46½vxj ;s yksx rqeesa ¼feydj½ fudyrs Hkh rks cl rqees Q+lkn gh cjik dj nsrs vkSj rqEgkjs gd+esa fQ+ruk djkus dh x+jt+ ls rqEgkjs njfE;ku ¼b/kj m/kj½ ?kksM+s nkSM+krs fQjrs vkSj rqeesa ls mudstklwl Hkh gSa ¼tks rqEgkjh muls ckrs a c;ku djrs gSa½ vkSj [+k+qnk Ójhjksa ls [k+wc okfd+Q+ gS ¼47½¼, jlwy½ blesa rks Ód ugha fd mu yksxksa us igys gh Q+lkn Mkyuk pkgk Fkk vkSj rqEgkjh cgqrlh ckrsa myV iqyV ds ;gkW rd fd gd+ vk igqWpk vkSj [+k+qnk gh dk gqDe x+kfyc jgk vkSjmudks ukxokj gh jgk ¼48½mu yksxksa esa ls ckt+ ,sls Hkh gSa tks lkQ dgrs gSa fd eq>s rks ¼ihNs jg tkus dh½ btkt+rnhft, vkSj eq> cyk esa u QWlkb, ¼,s jlwy½ vkxkg gks fd ;s yksx [kqn cyk esa ¼vkSa/ks eq¡g½fxj iM+s vkSj tgUuqe rks dkfQjksa dk ;d+huu ?ksjs gq, gh gSa ¼49½rqedks dksbZ Qk;nk igqWpk rks mu dks cqjk ekywe gksrk gS vkSj vxj rqe ij dksbZ eqlhcr vkiM+rh rks ;s yksx dgrs gSa fd ¼bl otg ls½ geus viuk dke igys gh Bhd dj fy;k Fkk vkSj¼;s dg dj½ [+kq'k ¼rqEgkjs ikl ls mBdj½ okil ykSVrsa gS ¼50½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ge ij gjfxt+ dksbZ eqlhcr iM+ ugh ldrh exj tks [+k+qnk us rqEgkjsfy, ¼gekjh rd+nhj esa½ fy[k fn;k gS ogh gekjk ekfyd gS vkSj bZekunkjksa dks pkfg, Hkh fd[+k+qnk gh ij Hkjkslk j[ksa ¼51½¼,s jlwy½ rqe equkfQdksa ls dg nks fd rqe rks gekjs okLrs ¼Qrsg ;k Ógknr½ nks Hkykb;ksa esa ls,d ds [+okg e[+okg eqUrft+j gh gks vkSj ge rqEgkjs okLrs mlds eqUrft+j gSa fd [+k+qnk rqe ij¼[k+kl½ vius gh ls dksbZ vt+kc ukft+y djs ;k gekjs gkFkksa ls fQj ¼vPNk½ rqe Hkh bUrst+kj djksge Hkh rqEgkjs lkFk ¼lkFk½ bUrst+kj djrs gSa ¼52½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd rqe yksx [+okg [+kq'kh ls [kpZ djks ;k etcwjh ls rqEgkjh [k+Sjkr rksdHkh dq+cwy dh ugha tk,xh rqe ;d+huu cndkj yksx gks ¼53½vkSj mudh [+kSjkr ds d+qcwy fd, tkus esa vkSj dksbZ otg ek;us ugha exj ;gh fd mu yksxksa us[+k+qnk vkSj mlds jlwy dh ukQ+jekuh dh vkSj uekt+ dks vkrs Hkh gSa rks vydlk, gq, vkSj [+k+qnkdh jkg esa [kpZ djrs Hkh gSa rks cs fnyh ls ¼54½

¼,s jlwy½ rqe dks u rks muds eky gSjr esa Mkys vkSj u mudh vkSykn ¼D;ksafd½ [+k+qnk rks ;spkgrk gS fd mudks vky o eky dh otg ls nqfu;k dh ¼pUn jkst+½ ft+Unxh ¼gh½ esa eqfcryk,vt+kc djs vkSj tc mudh tkusa fudysa rc Hkh og dkfQj ¼ds dkfQj gh½ jgsa ¼55½vkSj ¼eqlyekuksa½ ;s yksx vYykg dh d+le [kk,Wxsa fQj og rqeesa gh ds gSa gkykWfd og yksxrqeesa ds ugha gSa exj gSa ;s yksx cqt+fny gSa ¼56½fd xj dgha ;s yksx iukg dh txg ¼fd+ys½ ;k ¼fNius ds fy,½ x+kj ;k ?kql cSBus dh dksbZ¼vkSj½ txg ik tk,W rks mlh rjQ jfLl;k¡ rksM+krs gq, Hkkx tk,¡ ¼57½¼,s jlwy½ muesa ls dqN rks ,sls Hkh gSa tks rqEgsa [k+Sjkr ¼dh rd+lhe½ esa ¼[+okg ek [+okg½ bYt+kensrs gSa fQj vxj mues ls dqN ¼ekd+wy fed+nkj¼fgLlk½½ ns fn;k x;k rks [kq'k gks x, vkSj vxjmudh et+hZ ds eqokfQd+ mlesa ls mUgsa dqN ugha fn;k x;k rks cl QkSju gh fcxM+ cSBs ¼58½vkSj tks dqN vYykg us vkSj mlds jlwy us mudks vrk Qjek;k Fkk vxj ;s yksx ml ij jkt+hjgrs vkSj dgrs fd [+k+qnk gekjs okLrs dkQh gS ¼ml oD+r ugha rks½ vud+jhc gh vYykg gesavius Qt+y o dje ls mldk jlwy ns gh nsxk ge rks ;d+huu vYykg gh dh rjQ ykS yxk,cSBs gSa ¼59½¼rks mudk D;k dguk Fkk½ [k+Sjkr rks cl [k+kl Qdhjksa dk gd+ gS vkSj eksgrktksas dk vkSj ml¼t+dkr ox+Sjg½ ds dkfjUnksa dk vkSj ftudh rkyhQ+ d+yc dh xbZ gS ¼mudk½ vkSj ¼ftu dh½xnZuksa essa ¼xqykeh dk QUnk iM+k gS mudk½ vkSj x+íkjksa dk ¼tks vYykg ls vnk ugha dj ldrs½vkSj vYykg dh jkg ¼ftgkn½ esa vkSj ijnsfl;ksa dh fdQ+kyr esa [k+pZ djuk pkfg, ;s gqdwd+ [+k+qnkdh rjQ ls eqd+jZj fd, gq, gSa vkSj [+k+qnk cM+k okfd+Q dkj fgder okyk gS ¼60½vkSj mlesa ls ckt+ ,sls Hkh gSa tks ¼gekjs½ jlwy dks lrkrs gSa vkSj dgrs gSa fd cl ;s dku gh¼dku½ gSa ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ¼dku rks gSa exj½ rqEgkjh HkykbZ lqUus ds dku gSa fd [+k+qnkij bZeku j[krs gSa vkSj eksfeuhu dh ¼ckrksa½ dk ;d+hu j[krs gSa vkSj rqeesa ls tks yksx bZeku ykpqds gSa muds fy, jger vkSj tks yksx jlwys [+k+qnk dks lrkrs gSa muds fy, nnZukd vt+kc gSa¼61½¼eqlyekuksa½ ;s yksx rqEgkjs lkeus [+k+qnk dh d+lesa [kkrs gSa rkfd rqEgsa jkt+h dj ys gkykWfd vxj;s yksx lPps bZekunkj gS ¼62½

ks vYykg vkSj mldk jlwy dgha T+;knk gd+nkj gS fd mldks jkt+h j[ksa D;k ;s yksx ;s Hkh ughatkurs fd ftl Ó[+l us [+k+qnk vkSj mlds jlwy dh eq[k+kysQ+r dh rks blesa Ód gh ugha fdmlds fy, tgUuqe dh vkx ¼rS;kj j[kh½ gS ¼63½ftlesa og ges'kk ¼tyrk Hkqurk½ jgsxk ;gh rks cM+h :lokbZ gS equkQs+d+hu bl ckr ls Mjrsa gSafd ¼dgha ,slk u gks½ bu eqylekuksa ij ¼jlwy dh ekvjQ+r½ dksbZ lwjk ukft+y gks tk, tks mudkstks dqN mu equkfQd+hu ds fny esa gS crk ns ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ¼vPNk½ rqe el[k+jkiufd, tkvks ¼64½ftlls rqe Mjrs gks [+k+qnk mls t+:j t+kfgj dj nsxk vkSj vxj rqe muls iwNks ¼fd ;s gjdr Fkh½rks t+:j ;wW gh dgsxsa fd ge rks ;wW gh ckrphr ¼fnYyxh½ ckt+h gh dj jgs Fks rqe dgks fdgk, D;k rqe [+k+qnk ls vkSj mldh vk;rksa ls vkSj mlds jlwy ls gWlh dj jgs Fks ¼65½vc ckrsa u cukvksa gd+ rks ;s gSa fd rqe bZeku ykus ds ckn dkfQ+j gks cSBs vxj ge rqeesa lsdqN yksxksa ls njxqt+j Hkh djsa rks ge dqN yksxksa dks lt+k t+:j nsxsa bl otg ls fd ;s yksxdqlwjokj t+:j gSa ¼66½equkfQd+ enZ vkSj equkfQd+ vkSjrsa ,d nwljs ds ckge ftUl gSa fd ¼yksxksa dks½ cqjs dke dk rksgqDe djrs gSa vkSj usd dkeksa ls jksdrs gSa vkSj vius gkFk ¼jkgs vYykg esa [k+pZ djus ls½ cUnj[krs gSa ¼lp rks ;g gS fd½ ;s yksx [+k+qnk dks Hkwy cSBs rks [+k+qnk us Hkh ¼xks;k½ mUgsa Hkqyk fn;kcs'kd equkfQ+d+ cnpyu gS ¼67½equkfQd+ enZ vkSj equkfQd+ vkSjrsa vkSj dkfQjksa ls [+k+qnk us tgUuqe dh vkx dk ok;nk rks djfy;k gS fd ;s yksx ges'kk mlh esa jgsxsa vkSj ;gh mu ds fy, dkQ+h gS vkSj [+k+qnk us mu ijykur dh gS vkSj mUgha ds fy, nkbeh ¼ges'kk jgus okyk½ vt+kc gS ¼68½¼equkfQd+ks rqEgkjh rks½ mudh ely gS tks rqels igys Fks og yksx rqels dw+or esa ¼Hkh½ T+;knk FksvkSj vkSykn esa ¼Hkh½ dgh c

okys fd muds ikl muds jlwy okts, ¼vkSj jkS'ku½ ekSftt+s yskdj vk, rks ¼og eqfCryk, vt+kcgq,½ vkSj vYykg us mu ij tqYe ugha fd;k exj ;s yksx [+kqn vius Åij tqYe djrs Fks ¼70½vkSj bZekunkj enZ vkSj bZekunkj vkSjrs muesa ls ckt+ ds ckt+ jQhd+ gS vkSj uket+ ikcUnh ls i

D;k og yksx bruk Hkh u tkurs Fks fd vYykg ¼muds½ lkjs Hksn vkSj mudh ljxks'kh ¼lc dqN½tkurk gS vkSj ;s fd x+Sc dh ckrksa ls [+kwc vkxkg gS ¼78½tks yksx fny [kksydj [k+Sjkr djus okys eksfeuhu ij ¼fj;kdkjh dk½ vkSj mu eksfeuhu ij tksflQZ viuh ÓQ+d+dr ¼esgur½ dh et+nwjh ikrs ¼Ós[k+h dk½ bYt+ke yxkrs gSa fQj muls el[k+jkiudjrs rks [+k+qnk Hkh mu ls el[k+jkiu djsxk vkSj muds fy, nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼79½¼,s jlwy½ [+okg rqe mu ¼equkfQd+ksa½ ds fy, ex+fQjr dh nqvk ekWxksa ;k muds fy, ex+fQjr dhnqvk u ekWxksa ¼muds fy, cjkcj gS½ rqe muds fy, lRrj ckj Hkh cf[+'k'k dh nqvk ekaxksxs rksHkh vYykg mudks gjfxt+ u c[+'ksxk ;s ¼lt+k½ bl lcc ls gS fd mu yksxksa us [+k+qnk vkSj mldsjlwy ds lkFk dqÝ fd;k vkSj [+k+qnk cndkj yksxksa dks eaft+ysa edlwn rd ugha igq¡pk;k djrk¼80½¼taxs rcwd+ esa½ jlwys [+k+qnk ds ihNs jg tkus okys viuh txg cSB jgus ¼vkSj ftgkn esa u tkus½ls [+kq'k gq, vkSj vius eky vkSj vkiuh tkuksa ls vYykg dh jkg esa ftgkn djuk mudks ed:ekywe gqvk vkSj dgus yxs ¼bl½ xehZ esa ¼?kj ls½ u fudyks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd tgUuqedh vkx ¼ftlesa rqe pyksxs mlls dgha T+;knk xeZ gS ¼81½vxj og dqN le>sa tks dqN og fd;k djrs Fks mlds cnys mUgsa pkfg, fd og cgqr de gWlsavkSj cgqr jks,¡ ¼82½rks ¼,s jlwy½ vxj vYykg rqe bu equkQsd+hu ds fdlh fxjksg dh rjQ ¼ftgkn ls lghlkfye½okil yk, fQj rqels ¼ftgkn ds okLrs½ fudyus dh btkt+r ek¡xsa rks rqe lkQ+ dg nks fd rqeesjs lkFk ¼ftgkn ds okLrs½ gjfxt+ u fudyus ikvksxs vkSj u gjfxt+ nq'eu ls esjs lkFk yM+usikvksxs tc rqeus igyh ejrck ¼?kj esa½ cSBs jguk ilUn fd;k rks ¼vc Hkh½ ihNs jg tkus okyksads lkFk ¼?kj esa½ cSBs jgks ¼83½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ mu equkfQd+hu esa ls tks ej tk, rks dHkh uk fdlh ij uekts+ tukt+k i

vkSj tc dksbZ lwjk bl ckjs esa ukft+y gqvk fd [+k+qnk dks ekuksa vkSj mlds jlwy ds lkFk ftgkndjks rks tks muesa ls nkSyr okys gSa og rqels btkt+r ekaxrs gSa vkSj dgrs gSa fd gesa ¼;gha NksM+nhft,½ fd ge Hkh ¼?kj cSBus okyks ds lkFk ¼cSBs½ jgsa ¼86½;s bl ckr ls [+kq'k gSa fd ihNs jg tkus okyksa ¼vkSjrksa] cPpksa] chekjks ds lkFk cSBs½ jgsa vkSj¼xks;k½ muds fny ij eksgj dj nh xbZ rks ;s dqN ugha le>rsa ¼87½exj jlwy vkSj tks yksx muds lkFk bZeku yk, gSa mu yksxksa us vius vius eky vkSj viuhviuh tkuksa ls ftgkn fd;k& ;gh og yksx gSa ftuds fy, ¼gj rjg dh½ Hkykb;k¡ gSa vkSj ;ghyksx dke;kc gksus okys gSa ¼88½[+k+qnk us muds okLrs ¼csg'r½ ds og ¼gjs Hkjs½ ckx+ rS;kj dj j[ks gSa ftuds ¼nj[+rksa ds½ uhpsugjs tkjh gSa ¼vkSj ;s½ blesa ges'kk jgsaxsa ;gh rks cM+h dke;kch gSa ¼89½vkSj ¼rqEgkjs ikl½ dqN ghyk djus okys xokj nsgkrh ¼Hkh½ vk ekStnw gq, rkfd mudks Hkh ¼ihNsjg tkus dh½ btkt+r nh tk, vkSj ftu yksxksa us [+k+qnk vkSj mlds jlwy ls >wB dgk Fkk og ¼?kjesa½ cSB jgs ¼vk, rd ugha½ muesa ls ftu yksxkas us dqÝ+ ,[+rs;kj fd;k vud+jhc gh mu ijnnZukd vt+kc vk igq¡psxk ¼90½¼,s jlwy ftgkn esa u tkus dk½ u rks det+ksjksa ij dqN xqukg gS u chekjksa ij vkSj u mu yksxksaij tks dqN ugha ikrs fd [k+pZ djsa c'krsZ fd ;s yksx [+k+qnk vkSj mlds jlwy dh [k+Sj [+okgh djsausdh djus okyksa ij ¼bYt+ke dh½ dksbZ lchy ugha vkSj [+k+qnk cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼91½vkSj u mUgha yksxksa ij dksbZ bYt+ke gS tks rqEgkjs ikl vk, fd rqe muds fy, lokjh ckge igq¡pknks vkSj rqeus dgk fd esjs ikl ¼rks dksbZ lokjh½ ekStwn ugha fd rqedks ml ij lokj d:¡ rksog yksx ¼etcwju½ fQj x, vkSj gljr ¼o vQlksl½ mls ml x+e esa fd mu dks [k+pZ e;Llju vk;k ¼92½mudh vk¡[kksa ls vk¡lw tkjh Fks ¼bYt+ke dh½ lchy rks flQZ mUgha yksxksa ij gS ftUgksaus ckotwnekynkj gksus ds rqels ¼ftgkn esa½ u tkus dh btkt+r pkgh vkSj muds ihNs jg tkus okys¼vkSjrksa]cPpksa½ ds lkFk jguk ilUn vk;k vkSj [+k+qnk us muds fnyksa ij ¼xks;k½ eksgj dj nh gS rks;s yksx dqN ugha tkurs ¼93½tc rqe muds ikl ¼ftgkn ls ykSV dj½ okil vkvksxs rks ;s ¼equkfQd+hu½ rqels ¼rjg rjg½ dh

ekvt+jr djsaxs ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ckrsa u cukvks ge gjfx+t+ rqEgkjh ckr u ekusaxs¼D;ksafd½ ges rks [+k+qnk us rqEgkjs gkykr ls vkxkg dj fn;k gS vud+hjc [+k+qnk vkSj mldk jlwyrqEgkjh dkjLrkuh dks eqykgt+k Qjek,xsa fQj rqe t+kfgj o ckfru ds tkuus okyksa ¼vYykg½ dhgqt+wjh esa ykSVk fn, tkvksxs rks tks dqN rqe ¼nqfu;k esa½ djrs Fks ¼t+jkZ t+jkZ½ crk nsxk ¼94½tc rqe muds ikl ¼ftgkn ls½ okil vkvksxs rks rqEgkjs lkeus vYykg dh d+lesa [kk,xsa rkfd rqemuls njxqt+j djks rks rqe mudh rjQ ls eq¡g Qsj yks cs'kd ;s yksx ukikd gSa vkSj mudkfBdkuk tgUuqe gS ¼;s½ lt+k gS mldh tks ;s ¼nqfu;k esa½ fd;k djrs Fks ¼95½rqEgkjs lkeus ;s yksx d+lesa [kkrs gSa rkfd rqe muls jkt+h gks ¼Hkh½ tkvks rks vYykg cndkjyksxksa ls gjfxt+ dHkh jkt+h ugha gksxk ¼96½¼;s½ vjc ds xWokj nsgkrh dqÝ o fuQkd+ esa cM+s l[+r gSa vkSj blh d+kfcy gSa fd tks fdrkcvYykg us vius jlwy ij ukft+y QjekbZ gS mlds ,gd+ke u tkusa vkSj vYykg rks cM+k nkukgdhe gS ¼97½vkSj dqN xWokj nsgkrh ¼,sls Hkh gSa fd tks dqN vYykg dh½ jkg esa [kpZ djrs gSa mls rkoku¼tqekZuk½ le>rs gSa vkSj rqEgkjs gd+ esa ¼t+ekus dh½ xfnZ'kksa ds eqUrft+j ¼bUrst+kj esa½ gSa mUgha ij¼t+ekus dh½ cqjh xfnZ'k iM+s vkSj vYykg rks lc dqN lqurk tkurk gS ¼98½vkSj dqN nsgkrh rks ,sls Hkh gSa tks vYykg vkSj vkf[k+jr ij bZeku j[krs gSa vkSj tks dqN [kpZdjrs gS mls vYykg dh ¼ckjxkg esa½ ut+nhdh vkSj jlwy dh nqvkvksa dk t+fj;k le>rs gSa vkxkgjgks okd+bZ ;s ¼[k+Sjkr½ t+:j muds rd+jZqc ¼d+jhc gksus dk½ dk ckbl gS vYykg mUgsa cgqr tYnviuh jger esa nkf[+ky djsxk cs'kd vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼99½vkSj eqgkftjhu o vUlkj esa ls ¼bZeku dh rjQ½ lcd+r ¼igy½ djus okys vkSj og yksx ftUgksaususd uh;rh ls ¼dqcwys bZeku esa mudk lkFk fn;k vYykg muls jkt+h vkSj og [+k+qnk ls [+kq'k vkSjmuds okLrs [+k+qnk us ¼og gjs Hkjs½ ckx+ ftu ds uhps ugjsa tkjh gSa rS;kj dj j[ks gSa og ges'kkvCnvkykckn ¼ges'kk½ rd muesa jgsxsa ;gh rks cM+h dke;kch gSa ¼100½vkSj ¼eqlyekuksa½ rqEgkjs ,rjkQ+ ¼vkl ikl½ ds xWokj nsgkfr;ksa esa ls ckt+ equkfQd+ ¼Hkh½ gSa vkSj[+kqn enhus ds jgus okyksa es ls Hkh ¼ckt+ equkfQd+ gSa½ tks fuQ+kd ij vM+ x, gSa ¼,s jlwy½ rqemu dks ugha tkurs ¼exj½ ge mudks ¼[+kwc½ tkurs gSa vud+jhc ge ¼nqfu;k esa½ mudh nksgjh lt+kdjsxsa fQj ;s yksx ¼d+;ker esa½ ,d cM+s vt+kc dh rjQ ykSVk, tk,Wxsa ¼101½

vkSj dqN yksx gSa ftUgksaus vius xqukgksa dk ¼rks½ ,djkj fd;k ¼exj½ mu yksxksa us Hkys dke dksvkSj dqN cqjs dke dks feyk tqyk ¼dj xksyeky½ dj fn;k d+jhc gS fd [+k+qnk mudh rkSck dq+cwydjs ¼D;ksafd½ [+k+qnk rks ;d+huh cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gSa ¼102½¼,s jlwy½ rqe muds eky dh t+dkr yks ¼vkSj½ bldh cnkSyr mudks ¼xqukgks ls½ ikd lkQ djksavkSj muds okLrs nqvk,W [k+Sj djks D;ksafd rqEgkjh nqvk bu yksxksa ds gd+ esa bResuku ¼dk ckbl gS½vkSj [+k+qnk rks ¼lc dqN½ lqurk ¼vkSj½ tkurk gS ¼103½D;k bu yksxksa us brus Hkh ugha tkuk ;d+huu [+k+qnk cUnksa dh rkSck d++qcwy djrk gS vkSj ogh [k+Sjkrsa¼Hkh½ ysrk gS vkSj blesa Ód ugha fd ogh rkSck dk cM+k dq++cwy djus okyk esgjcku gS ¼104½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd rqe yksx vius vius dke fd, tkvks vHkh rks [+k+qnk vkSj mldkjlwy vkSj eksfeuhu rqEgkjs dkeksa dks ns[ksxsa vkSj cgqr tYn ¼d+;ker esa½ t+kfgj o ckfru ds tkuusokys ¼vYykg½ dh rjQ ykSVk, tk,Wxsa rc og tks dqN Hkh rqe djrs Fks rqEgsa crk nsxk ¼105½vkSj dqN yksx gSa tks gqDes [+k+qnk ds mEehnokj fd, x, gSa ¼mldks v[+rs;kj gS½ [+okg mu ijvt+kc djs ;k mu ij esgjckuh djs vkSj [+k+qnk ¼rks½ cM+k okfdQdkj fgder okyk gS ¼106½vkSj ¼og yksx Hkh equkfQd+ gSa½ ftUgksus ¼eqlyekuksa ds½ uqdlku igqWpkus vkSj dqÝ+ djus okys vkSjeksfeuhu ds njfE;ku rQjd+k ¼QwV½ Mkyrs vkSj ml Ó[+l dh ?kkr esa cSBus ds okLrs efLtncukdj [kM+h dh gS tks vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ls igys yM+ pqdk gS ¼vkSj yqRQ+ rks ;s gSfd½ t+:j d+lesa [kk,xsa fd geus HkykbZ ds flok dqN vkSj bjknk gh ugha fd;k vkSj [+k+qnk [+kqnxokgh nsrk gS ¼107½;s yksx ;d+huu >wBs gS ¼,s jlwy½ rqe bl ¼efLtn½ esa dHkh [kM+s Hkh u gksuk og efLtn ftldhcqfu;kn vOoy jkst+ ls ijgst+xkjh ij j[kh xbZ gS og t+:j mldh T+;knk gd+nkj gS fd rqe mlesa[kMs+ gksdj ¼uekt+ i

¼;s bekjr dh½ cqfu;kn tks mu yksxksa us d+k;e dh mlds lcc ls muds fnyks esa ges'kk /kjidM+jgsxh ;gk¡ rd fd muds fnyksa ds ij[k+ps mM+ tk,¡ vkSj [+k+qnk rks cM+k okfd+Qdkj gdhe gSa¼110½blesa rks Ód gh ugha fd vYykg us eksfeuhu ls mudh tkusa vkSj muds eky bl ckr ij [k+jhnfy, gSa fd ¼mudh d+her½ muds fy, csg'r gS ¼blh otg ls½ ;s yksx [+k+qnk dh jkg esa yM+rsgSa rks ¼dq+Q+kj dks½ ekjrs gSa vkSj [+kqn ¼Hkh½ ekjs tkrs gSa ¼;s½ iDdk ok;nk gS ¼ftldk iwjkdjuk½ [+k+qnk ij ykft+e gS vkSj ,slk iDdk gS fd rkSjSr vkSj bUthy vkSj d+qjku ¼lc½ esa ¼fy[kkgqvk gS½ vkSj vius ,gn dk iwjk djus okyk [+k+qnk ls c

jlwy dk lkFk fn;k vkSj og Hkh mlds ckn fd d+jhc Fkk fd mues als dqN yksxksa ds fnytxexk tk,¡ fQj vYykg us mu ij ¼Hkh½ Qt+y fd;k blesa Ód ugha fd og mu yksxksa ijiM+k rjl [kkus okyk esgjcku gS ¼117½vkSj mu ;eheksa ij ¼Hkh Qt+y fd;k½ tks ¼ftgkn ls ihNs jg x, Fks vkSj mu ij l[+rh dhxbZ½ ;gk¡ rd fd t+ehu ckotwn ml olvr ¼QSyko½ ds mu ij rax gks xbZ vkSj mudh tkusa¼rd½ mu ij rax gks xbZ vkSj mu yksxksa us le> fy;k fd [+k+qnk ds flok vkSj dgha iukg dhtxg ugha fQj [+k+qnk us mudks rkSck dh rkSQhd nh rkfd og ¼[+k+qnk dh rjQ½ :tw djsa cs'kd[+k+qnk gh cM+k rkSck d+qcwy djus okyk esgjcku gS ¼118½,s bZekunkjksa [+k+qnk ls Mjks vkSj lPpksa ds lkFk gks tkvks ¼119½enhus ds jgus okyksa vkSj muds fxnksZuokW ¼vkl ikl½ nsgkfr;ksa dks ;s tk;t+ u Fkk fd jlwy [+k+qnkdk lkFk NksM+ nsa vkSj u ;s ¼tk;t+ Fkk½ fd jlwy dh tku ls csijok gksdj viuh tkuksa dscpkus dh fÝd djsa ;s gqDe mlh lCc ls Fkk fd mu ¼ftgkn djus okyksa½ dks [+k+qnk dh :g esatks rdyhQ+ I;kl dh ;k esgur ;k Hkw[k dh f'kír dh igq¡prh gS ;k ,slh jkg pyrs gSa tksdq+Q+kj ds x+St+ ¼x+t+c dk ckbl gks ;k fdlh nq'eu ls dqN ;s yksx gkfly djrs gSa rks clmlds ,sot+ esa ¼muds uke, vey esa½ ,d usd dke fy[k fn;k tk,xk cs'kd vYykg usdh djusokyksa dk vtz ¼o lokc½ cjckn ugha djrk gS ¼120½vkSj ;s yksx ¼[+k+qnk dh jkg esa½ FkksM+k ;k cgqr eky ugha [kpZ djrs vkSj fdlh eSnku dks ughad+rvk djrs exj QkSju ¼muds ukek, vey esa½ muds uke fy[k fn;k tkrk gS rkfd vYykgmudh dkjxqt+kfj;ksa dk mUgsa vPNs ls vPNk cnyk vrk Qjek, ¼121½vkSj ;s Hkh equkflc ugha fd eksfeufu dqy ds dqy ¼vius ?kjksa esa½ fudy [kM+s gksa muesa ls gjfxjksg dh ,d tekvr ¼vius ?kjksa ls½ D;ksa ugha fudyrh rkfd bYes nhu gkfly djs vkSj tcviuh d+kSe dh rjQ iyV ds vkos rks mudks ¼vtz o vkf[k+jr ls½ Mjk, rkfd ;s yksx Mjsa¼122½,s bekunkjksa dqQkj esa ls tks yksx rqEgkjs vkl ikl ds gS mu ls yM+ksa vkSj ¼bl rjg yM+uk½pkfg, fd og yksx rqe esa djkjkiu eglwl djsa vkSj tku j[kks fd cs'kqcgk vYykg ijgst+xkjksa dslkFk gS ¼123½

vkSj tc dksbZ lwjk ukft+y fd;k x;k rks mu equkfQd+hu esa ls ¼,d nwljs ls½ iwNrk gS fd Hkykbl lwjs us rqeesa ls fdlh dk bZeku c

10 lwjg ;wuqllwjg ;wuql eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ,d lkS ukS ¼109½ vk;rsa gSvYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvfyQ+ yke jk ¼1½;s vk;rsa ml fdrkc dh gSa tks vt+ljrkik ¼lj ls iSj rd½ fgder ls eywm ¼Hkjh½ gS ¼2½D;k yksxksa dks bl ckr ls cM+k rkTtqc gqvk fd geus mUgha yksxksa esa ls ,d vkneh ds iklogh Hksth fd ¼cs bZeku½ yksxksa dks Mjkvks vkSj bZekunkjks dks bldh [+kqÓ [k+cjh lquk nks fd mudsfy, muds ijojfnxkj dh ckjxkg esa cqyUn ntsZ gS ¼exj½ dqQkj ¼mu vk;rksa dks lqudj½ dgusyxs fd ;s ¼Ó[+l rks ;d+huu ljhgh tknwxj½ gS ¼3½blesa rks Ód gh ugha fd rqEkjk ijojfnxkj ogh vYykg gS ftlus lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dks 6fnu esa iSnk fd;k fQj mlus v'kZ dks cqyUn fd;k ogh gj dke dk bUrt+ke djrk gS ¼mldslkeus½ dksbZ ¼fdlh dk½ flQkfj'kh ugha ¼gks ldrk½ exj mldh btkt+r ds ckn ogh vYykg rksrqEgkjk ijojfnxkj gS rks mlh dh bcknr djks rks D;k rqe vc Hkh x+kSj ugh djrs ¼4½rqe lcdks ¼vkf[k+j½ mlh dh rjQ ykSVuk gS vYykg dk ok;nk lPpk gS ogh ;d+huu e[k+ywddks igyh ejrck iSnk djrk gS fQj ¼ejus ds ckn½ ogh nqckjk ftUnk djsxk rkfd ftu yksxksa usbeku dqcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, mudks bUlkQ ds lkFk tt+k, ¼[k+Sj½ vrk Qjek,xkvkSj ftu yksxksa us dqÝ ,[+fr;kj fd;k mu ds fy, muds dqÝ dh lt+k esa ihus dks [kkSyrk gqvkikuh vkSj nnZukd vt+kc gksxk ¼5½ogh og ¼[+k+qnk, d+kfnj½ gS ftlus vkQ+rkc dks pednkj vkSj egrkc dks jkS'ku cuk;k vkSj mldheaft+ysa eqd+jZj dh rkfd rqe yksx cjlksa dh fxurh vkSj fglkc ekywe djks [+k+qnk us mls fgder oelygr ls cuk;k gS og ¼viuh½ vk;rksa dk okfd+Q+dkj yksxksa ds fy, rQ+lhynkj c;ku djrkgS ¼6½blesa t+jk Hkh Ód ugha fd jkr fnu ds myV Qsj esa vkSj tks dqN [+k+qnk us vklekuksa vkSj t+ehuesa cuk;k gS ¼mlesa½ ijgst+xkjksa ds okLrs cgqrsjh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼7½

lesa Hkh Ód ugha fd ftu yksxksa dks ¼d+;ker esa½ gekjh ¼ckjxkg dh½ gqt+wjh dk fBdkuk ughavkSj nqfu;k dh ¼pUn jkst+½ ft+Unxh ls fugky gks x, vkSj mlh ij pSu ls cSBs gSa vkSj tks yksxgekjh vk;rksa ls x+kfQy gSa ¼8½;gh og yksx gSa ftudk fBdkuk mudh djrwr dh cnkSyr tgUuqe gS ¼9½cs'kd ftu yksxksa us beku dqcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, mUgasa mudk ijojfnxkj mudsbeku ds lcc ls eaft+y ed+lwn rd igq¡pk nsxk fd vkjke o vklkb'k ds ckx+ksa esa ¼jgsxsa½ vkSjmu ds uhps ugjsa tkjh gksxh mu ckx+ksa esa mu yksxksa dk cl ;s dkSy gksxk ,s vYykg rw ikd oikdht+k gS vkSj muesa mudh ckgeh ¼vkilh½ [kS+jlykgh ¼eqykd+kr½ lyke ls gksxh vkSj mudkvkf[k+jh d+kSy ;s gksxk fd lc rkjhQ vYykg gh dks lt+kokj gS tks lkjs tgk¡u dk ikyus okykgS ¼10½vkSj ftl rjg yksx viuh HkykbZ ds fy, tYnh dj cSBs gSa mlh rjg vxj vYykg mudhÓjkjrksa dh lt+k esa cqjkbZ esa tYnh dj cSBrk gS rks mudh ekSr muds ikl dc dh vk pqdhgksrh exj ge rks mu yksxksa dks ftUgsa ¼ejus ds ckn½ gekjh gqt+wjh dk [kVdk ugha NksM+ nsrs gSafd og viuh ljd'kkh esa vki ljfx+jnk jgsa ¼11½vkSj bUlku dks tc dksbZ uqdlku Nw Hkh x;k rks vius igyw ij ¼ysVk gks½ ;k cSBk gks ;k [k+M+k¼xjt+ gj gkyr esas½ ge dks iqdkjrk gS fQj tc ge mlls mldh rdyhQ dks nwj dj nsrs gSrks ,sLkk f[kld TkkRkk gS tSls mlus rdyhQ ds ¼nQk djus ds½ fy, tks mldks igq¡prh Fkh gedksiqdkjk gh u Fkk tks yksx T+;knrh djrs gSa mudh dkjLrkfu;k¡ ;w¡ gh mUgsa vPNh dj fn[kkbZ xbZ gSa¼12½vkSj rqels igyh mEer okyksa dks tc mUgksaus Ójkjr dh rks ge us mUgs a t+#j gykd dj MkykgkykWfd muds ¼oD+r ds½ jlwy okts, o jkS'ku eksft+t+kr ysdj vk pqds Fks vkSj og yksx bZeku¼u ykuk Fkk½ u yk, ge xqusgxkj yksxksa dh ;w¡ gh lt+k fd;k djrs gSa ¼13½fQj geus muds ckn rqedks t+ehu esa ¼mudk½ tku'khu cuk;k rkfd ge ¼Hkh½ ns[ksa fd rqe fdlrjg dke djrs gks ¼14½vkSj tc mu yksxksa ds lkeus gekjh jkS'ku vk;rs is ;s ,[+rs;kj ugha fd eS mls

vius th ls cny Mkyw¡ eS rks cl mlh dk ikcUn gw¡ tks esjh rjQ ogh dh xbZ gS eS rks vxjvius ijojfnxkj dh ukQjekuh d# rks cM+s ¼dfBu½ fnu ds vt+kc ls Mjrk gw¡ ¼15½¼,s jlwy½ dg nks fd vYykg pkgrk rks eS u rqEgkjs lkeus bldks irs rks tks Ó[+l vYykg ij >wB cksgrku ckW/ks ;k mldh vk;rksdks >qByk, mlls cksadk vkiM+k vkSj ¼vkuk Fkk fd½ gj rjQ ls ml ij ygjs a ¼c fy;k fd vc f?kj x, ¼vkSj tku u cpsxh½ rc vius vd+hns dks mlds okLrs fujk [kjk

djds vYykg ls nqvk,¡ ekx¡us yxrs gSa fd ¼vYykg;k½ vxj rwus bl ¼eqlhcr½ ls gesa utkr nhrks ge t+#j cM+s ÓqØ xqt+kj gksaxsa ¼22½fQj tc vYykg us mUgsa utkr nh rks og yksx t+ehu ij ¼dne j[krs gh½ QkSju ukgd+ ljd'khdjus yxrs gSa ¼,s yksxksa rqEgkjh ljd'kh dk ocky½ rks rqEgkjh gh tku ij gS & ¼;s Hkh½ nqfu;kdh ¼pUn jkst+k½ ft+Unxh dk Qk;nk gS fQj vkf[k+j gekjh ¼gh½ rjQ rqedks ykSVdj vkuk gS rks¼ml oD+r½ ge rqedks tks dqN ¼nqfu;k esa½ djrs Fks crk nsxs ¼23½nqfu;koh ft+nxh dh ely rks cl ikuh dh lh gS fd geus mldks vkleku ls cjlk;k fQj t+ehuds lkx ikr ftldks yksx vkSj pkSik, [kk tkrs gSa ¼mlds lkFk fey tqydj fudys ;gk¡ rd fdtc t+ehu us ¼Qly dh pht+ksa ls½ viuk cukvks flaxkj dj fy;k vkSj ¼gj rjg½ vkjkLrk gksxbZ vkSj [ksr okyksa us le> fy;k fd vc og ml ij ;d+huu d+kcw ik x, ¼tc pkgsaxs dkVysxs½ ;dk;d gekjk gqDe o vt+kc jkr ;k fnu dks vk igq¡pk rks geus ml [ksr dks ,slk lkQdVk gqvk cuk fn;k fd xks;k dqy mlesa dqN Fkk gh ugha tks yksx x+kSj o fQØ djrs gSa mudsokLrs ge vk;rksa dks ;w¡ rQlhynkj c;ku djrs gS ¼24½vkSj vYykg rks vkjke ds ?kj ¼csg'r½ dh rjQ cqykrk gS vkSj ftldks pkgrk gS lh/ks jkLrs dhfgnk;r djrk gS ¼25½ftu yksxksa us nqfu;k esa HkykbZ dh muds fy, ¼vkf[k+jr esa Hkh½ HkykbZ gS ¼cfYd½ vkSj dqNc

¼x+jt+½ ogk¡ gj Ó[+l tks dqN ftlus igys ¼nqfu;k esa½ fd;k gS tk¡p ysxk vkSj og lc ds lcvius lPps ekfyd vYykg dh ckjxkg esa ykSVdj yk, tk,¡xsa vkSj ¼nqfu;k esa½ tks dqN bQ+rsjkijnkft+;k ¼>wBh ckrsa½ djrs Fks lc muds ikl ls py pair gks tk,xsa ¼30½,s jlwy rqe mus t+jk iwNks rks fd rqEgsa vkleku o t+ehu ls dkSu jkst+h nsrk gS ;k ¼rqEgkjs½ dkuvkSj ¼rqEgkjh½ vk¡[kksa dk dkSu ekfyd gS vkSj dkSu Ó[+l eqnsZ ls ft+Unk dks fudkyrk gS vkSjft+Unk ls eqnsZ dks fudkyrk gS vkSj gj vez ¼dke½ dk cUnkscLr dkSu djrk gS rks QkSju cksymBsaxs fd vYykg ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dgks rks D;k rqe bl ij Hkh ¼mlls½ ugha Mjrs gks ¼31½fQj ogh vYykg rks rqEgkjk lPpk jc gS fQj gd+ ckr ds ckn xqejkgh ds flok vkSj D;k gSfQj rqe dgk¡ fQjs pys tk jgs gks ¼32½;s rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh ckr cnpyu yksxksa ij lkfcr gksdj jgh fd ;s yksx gjfxt+ beku uyk,¡xsa ¼33½¼,s jlwy½ muls iwNks rks fd rqe us ftu yksxksa dks ¼vYykg dk½ Ójhd cuk;k gS dksbZ Hkh ,slkgS tks e[k+ywdkr dks igyh ckj iSnk djs fQj mu dks ¼ejus ds ckn½ nksckjk ft+Unk djs ¼rks D;ktokc nsxsa½ rqEgh dgks fd vYykg gh igys Hkh iSnk djrk gS fQj ogh nksckjk ft+Unk djrk gSrks fd/kj rqe mYVs tk jgs gks ¼34½¼,s jlwy muls½ dgks rks fd rqEgkjs ¼cuk, gq,½ Ójhdksa esa ls dksbZ ,slk Hkh gS tks rqEgsa ¼nhu½gd+ dh jkg fn[kk lds rqe gh dg nks fd ¼vYykg½ nhu dh jkg fn[kkrk gS rks tks rqEgs nhusgd+ dh jkg fn[kkrk gS D;k og T+;knk gd+nkj gS fd mlds gqDe dh iSjoh dh tk, ;k ogÓ[+l tks ¼nwljs½ dh fgnk;r rks nj fdukj [kqn gh tc rd nwljk mldks jkg u fn[kk, jkg ughns[k ikrk rks rqe yksxksa dks D;k gks x;k gS ¼35½rqe dSls gqDe yxkrs gks vkSj muesa ds vDlj rks cl vius xqeku ij pyrs gSa ¼gkykWfd½ xqeku;d+hu ds eqd+kcys esa gjfxt+ dqN Hkh dke ugha vk ldrk cs'kd og yksx tks dqN ¼Hkh½ djjgs gSa vYykg mls [kwc tkurk gS ¼36½vkSj ;s dqjku ,slk ugha fd vYykg ds flok dksbZ vkSj viuh rjQ ls >wB ewB cuk Mkys cfYd¼;s rks½ tks ¼fdrkcsa½ igys dh mlds lkeus ekStwn gSa mldh rlnhd+ vkSj ¼mu½ fdrkcksa dhrQ+lhy gS mlesa dqN Hkh Ód ugha fd ;s lkjs tgk¡u ds ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls gS ¼37½

D;k ;s yksx dgrs gSa fd bldks jlwy us [kqn >wB ewB cuk fy;k gS ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dgks fd¼vPNk½ rks rqe vxj ¼vius nkos esa½ lPps gks rks ¼Hkyk½ ,d gh lwjk mlds cjkcj dk cukykvks vkSj vYykg ds flok ftldks rqEgsa ¼enn ds okLrs½ cqykrs cu iM+s cqyk yks ¼38½¼;s yksx ykrs rks D;k½ cfYd ¼myVs½ ftlds tkuus ij mudk gkFk u igq¡pk gks yxs mldks>qBykus gkykWfd vHkh rd muds ts+gu esa mlds ek;us ugha vk, blh rjg mu yksxksa us Hkh>qByk;k Fkk tks muls igys Fks&rc t+jk x+kSj rks djks fd ¼mu½ t+kfyeksa dk D;k ¼cqjk½ vUtkegqvk ¼39½vkSj muesaa ls ckt+ rks ,sls gS fd bl dq+jku ij vkbUnk bZeku yk,Wxsa vkSj ckt+ ,sls gSa tks bZekuyk,Wxsa gh ugha ¼40½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj Qlkfn;ksa dks [kwc tkurk gS vkSj vxj og rqEgs >qByk,W rks rqedg nks fd gekjs fy, gekjh dkj xqtkjh gS vkSj rqEgkjs fy, rqEgkjh dkjLrkuh tks dqN eS djrkgw¡ mlds rqe ft+Eesnkj ugha vkSj tks dqN rqe djrs gks mlls eS cjh gw¡ ¼41½vkSj muesa ls ckt+ ,sls gSa fd rqEgkjh t+ckuksa dh rjQ dku yxk, jgrs gSa rks ¼D;k½ og rqEgkjhlqu ysxsa gjfxt+ ugha vxjps og dqN le> Hkh u ldrs gks ¼42½rqe dgh cgjksa dks dqN lquk ldrs gks vkSj ckt+ muesa ls ,sls gS a tks rqEgkjh rjQ ¼VdVdh ck¡/ks½ns[krs gSa rks ¼D;k og beku yk,¡xsa gjfxt+ ugha½ vxjps mUgsa dqN u lw>rk gks rks rqe vU/ks dksjkgs jkLr fn[kk nksxs ¼43½vYykg rks gjfxt+ yksxksa ij dqN Hkh t+qYe ugha djrk exj yksx [kqn vius Åij ¼viuh djrwrls½ tqYe fd;k djrs gS ¼44½vkSj ftl fnu [+k+qnk bu yksxksa dks ¼viuh ckjxkg esa½ tek djsxk rks xks;k ;s yksx ¼le>sxsa fdnqfu;k esa½ cl ?kM+h fnu Hkj Bgjs vkSj vkil esa ,d nwljs dks igpkusaxs ftu yksxksa us vYykgdh ckjxkg esa gkft+j gksus dks >qByk;k og t+#j ?kkVs esa gSa vkSj fgnk;r ;kQrk u Fks ¼45½,s jlwy ge ftl ftl ¼vt+kc½ dk muls ok;nk dj pqds gSa muesa ls ckt+ [+okgk rqEgsa fn[kk nsa;k rqedks ¼igys gh nqfu;k ls½ mBk ys fQj ¼vkf[k+j½ rks mu lcdks gekjh rjQ ykSVuk gh gSfQj tks dqN ;s yksx dj jgs gSa vYykg rks ml ij xokg gh gS ¼46½

vkSj gj mEer dk [k+kl ¼,d½ ,d jlwy gqvk gS fQj tc mudk jlwy ¼gekjh ckjxkg esa½vk,xk rks muds njfE;ku bUlkQ+ ds lkFk QSlyk dj fn;k tk,xk vkSj mu ij t+jkZ cjkcj t++qYeu fd;k tk,xk ¼47½;s yksx dgk djrs gSa fd vxj rqe lPps gks rks ¼vkf[k+j½ ;s ¼vt+kc dk ok;nk½ dc iwjk gksxk¼48½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eS [kqn vius okLrs uqdlku ij d+kfnj gw¡ u uQk ij exj tks vYykgpkgs gj mEer ¼ds jgus½ dk ¼mlds bYe esa½ ,d oD+r eqd+jZj gS&tc mu dk oD+r vk tkrk gSrks u ,d ?kM+h ihNs gV ldrh gSa vkSj u vkxs crs gks fd vxj mldk vt+kc rqe ij jkr dks ;k fnudks vk tk, rks ¼rqe D;k djksxs½ fQj xqukgxkj yksx vkf[k+j dkgs dh tYnh epk jgs gSa ¼50½fQj D;k tc ¼rqe ij½ vk pqdsxk rc ml ij beku ykvksxs ¼vkgk½ D;k vc ¼beku yk,½gkykWfd rqe rks bldh tYnh epk;k djrs Fks ¼51½fQj ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ t+kfye yksxksa ls dgk tk,xk fd ¼vc ges'kk ds vt+kc ds ets+ p[kks¼nqfu;k esa½ tSlh rqEgkjh djrwrsa rqEgsa ¼vkf[k+jr esa½ oSlk gh cnyk fn;k tk,xk ¼52½¼,s jlwy½ rqe ls yksx iwNrsa gSa fd D;k ¼tks dqN rqe dgrs gks½ og lc Bhd gS rqe dg nks¼gk¡½ vius ijojfnxkj dh dle Bhd gS vkSj rqe ¼vYykg dks½ gjk ugha ldrs ¼53½vkSj ¼nqfu;k esa½ ftl ftlus ¼gekjh ukQjekuh dj ds½ t+qYe fd;k gS ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ vxjreke [k+t+kus tks tehu esa gSa mls fey tk,¡ rks vius xqukg ds cnys t+#j fQn;k ns fudys vkSjtc og yksx vt+kc dks ns[ksxsa rks bt+gkjs funker djsxsa ¼'kfeZank gksaxsa½ vkSj muesa ckge bUlkQ+ dslkFk gqDe fn;k tk,xk vkSj mu ij t+jkZ ¼cjkcj t+qYe u fd;k tk,xk ¼54½vkxkg jgks fd tks dqN vklekuksa esa vkSj t+ehu esa gS ¼x+jt+ lc dqN½ vYykg gh dk gS vkx+kgjkgs fd vYykg dk ok;nk ;d+huh Bhd gS exj muesa ds vDlj ugha tkurs gSa ¼55½ogh ft+Unk djrk gS vkSj ogh ekjrk gS vkSj rqe lc ds lc mlh dh rjQ ykSVk, tkvksxsa ¼56½

yksxksa rqEgkjs ikl rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls ulhgr ¼fdrkcs [+k+qnk vk pqdh vkSj tks ¼ejt+f'kdZ oxS+jg½ fny esas gSa mudh nok vkSj bZeku okyksa ds fy, fgnk;r vkSj jger ¼57½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ¼;s d++qjku½ [+k+qnk ds Qt+y o dje vkSj mldh jger ls rqedks feykgS ¼gh½ rks mu yksxksa dks bl ij [kq'k gksuk pkfg, ¼58½vkSj tks dqN og tek dj jgs gSa mlls dgha csgrj gS ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd rqEgkjk D;k[+;ky gS fd vYykg us rqe ij jkst+h ukft+y dh rks vc mlesa ls ckt+ dks gjke ckt+ dksgyky cukus yxs ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd D;k vYykg us rqEgsa btkt+r nh gS ;k rqe vYykgij cksgrku ck¡/krs gks ¼59½vkSj tks yksx vYykg ij >wB ewB cksgrku ckW/kk djrs gSa jksts+ d+;ker dk D;k [+;ky djrs gSamlesa Ód ugha fd [+k+qnk rks yksxksa ij cM+k Qt+y o ¼dje½ gS exj muesa ls cgqrsjs ÓqØ xqt+kjugha gSa ¼60½¼vkSj ,s jlwy½ rqe ¼pkgs½ fdlh gky esa gks vkSj d++qqjku dh dksbZ lh Hkh vk;r frykor djrs gksvkSj ¼yksxksa½ rqe dksbZ lk Hkh vey dj jgs gks ge ¼ge lj od+r½ tc rqe ml dke esae'kx+wy gksrs gks rqe dks ns[krs jgrs gSa vkSj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ls t+jkZ Hkh dksbZ pht+ x+k;c ughajg ldrh u t+ehu esa vkSj u vkleku esa vkSj u dksbZ pht+ t+jsZ ls NksVh gS vkSj u mlls c

¼vYykg ds Qt+hZ½ Ójhdksa dh jkg ij Hkh ugha pyrs cfYd og rks flQZ viuh vVdy ijpyrs gSa vkSj og flQZ ogeh vkSj [+;kyh ckrsa fd;k djrs gSa ¼66½og ogh ¼[kqnk,W d+kfnj rokuk½ gS ftlus rqEgkjs uQk ds okLrs jkr dks cuk;k rkfd rqe blesa pSudjks vkSj fnu dks ¼cuk;k½ fd mldh jkS'kuh esa ns[kks Hkkyks mlesa Ód ugha tks yksx lqu ysrs gSamuds fy, blesa ¼dqnjr dh cgqrsjh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa½ ¼67½yksxksa us rks dg fn;k fd vYykg us csVk cuk fy;k&;s egt+ yxksa og reke udk;l ls ikd oikdht+k og ¼gj rjg½ ls csijokg gSa o tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS ¼lc½mlh dk gS ¼tks dqN½ rqe dgrs gks¼ mldh dksbZ nyhy rks rqEgkjs ikl gS ugha D;k rqe vYykgij½ ¼;wW gh½ cs tkus cw>s >wB cksyk djrs gks ¼68½,s jlwy rqe dg nks fd cs'kd tks yksx >wB ewB [+k+qnk ij cksgrku ck/krs gSa og dHkh dke;kcu gksxsa ¼69½¼;s½ nqfu;k ds ¼pUn jkst+k½ Qk;ns gSa fQj rks vkf[k+j gekjh gh rjQ ykSV dj vkuk gS rc mudsdqÝ dh lt+k esa ge mudks l[+r vt+kc ds et+s p[kk,¡xsa ¼70½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe muds lkeus uwg dk gky is ¼ne ekjus dh Hkh½ eksgyr u nks ¼71½fQj Hkh vxj rqe us ¼esjh ulhgr ls½ eq¡g eksM+k rks eSus rqe ls dqN et+nwjh rks u ek¡xh Fkh&esjhet+nwjh rks flQZ vYykg gh ij gS vkSj ¼mlh dh rjQ ls½ eq>s gqDe fn;k x;k gS fd eSa mldsQjekcjnkj cUnksa esa ls gks tkÅ¡ ¼72½ml ij Hkh mu yksxksa us mudks >qByk;k rks geus mudks vkSj tks yksx muds lkFk d'rh esa¼lokj½ Fks ¼mudks½ utkr nh vkSj mudks ¼vxyksa dk½ tku'khu cuk;k vkSj ftu yksxksa us gekjhvk;rksa dks >qByk;k Fkk mudks Mqcks ekjk fQj t+jk x+kSj rks djks fd tks ¼vt+kc ls½ Mjk, tkpqds Fks mudk D;k ¼[k+jkc½ vUtke gqvk ¼73½fQj geus uwg ds ckn vkSj jlwyksa dks viuh d+kSe ds ikl Hkstk rks og iSx+Ecj muds ikl okts+,¼[kqys gq,½ o jkS'ku ekSftt+s ysdj vk, bl ij Hkh ftl pht+ dks ;s yksx igys >qByk pqds Fks

ml ij bZeku ¼u ykuk Fkk½ u yk, ge ;wW gh gn ls xqt+j tkus okyksa ds fnyksa ij ¼xks;k½ [kqneksgj dj nsrs gSa ¼74½fQj geus bu iSx+Ecjksa ds ckn ewlk o gk#u dks viuh fu'kkfu;k¡ ¼ekSftt+s½ ysdj fQjvkÅu vkSjml ¼dh d+kSe½ ds ljnkjksa ds ikl Hkstk rks og yksx vdM+ cSBs vkSj ;s yksx Fks gh dqlwjokj¼75½fQj tc muds ikl gekjh rjQ ls gd+ ckr ¼ekSftt+s½ igq¡p x, rks dgus yxs fd ;s rks ;d+huh[kqYye [kqYyk tknw gS ¼76½ewlk us dgk D;k tc ¼nhu½ rqEgkjs ikl vk;k rks mlds ckjs esa dgrs gks fd D;k ;s tknw gSvkSj tknwxj yksx dHkh dke;kc u gksxsa ¼77½og yksx dgus yxs fd ¼,s ewlk½ D;ksa rqe gekjs ikl ml okLrs vk, gks fd ftl nhu ij geusvius cki nknkvksa dks ik;k mlls rqe ges cgdk nks vkSj lkjh t+ehu esa gh nksuksa dh c

vkSj ewlk us dgk ,s esjh d+kSe vxj rqe ¼lPps fny ls½ vYykg ij beku yk pqds rks vxj rqeQjekcjnkj gks rks cl mlh ij Hkjkslk djks ¼84½ml ij mu yksxksa us vt+Z dh geus rks [+k+qnk gh ij Hkjkslk dj fy;k gS vkSj nqvk dh fd ,sgekjs ikyus okys rw gesa t+kfye yksxksa dk ¼t+fj;k½ bfErgku u cuk ¼85½vkSj viuh jger ls gesa bu dkfQ+j yksxksa ¼ds uhps½ ls utkr ns ¼86½vkSj geus ewlk vkSj muds HkkbZ ¼gk#u½ ds ikl ^ogh* Hksth fd felz es a viuh d+kSe ds ¼jguslgus ds½ fy, ?kj cuk Mkyks vkSj vius vius ?kjksa gh dks efLtnsa d+jkj ns yks vkSj ikcUnh lsuekt+ i

pht+sa [kkus dks nh rks mu yksxksa ds ikl tc rd bYe ¼u½ vk pqdk mu yksxksa us ,[+rsykQ+ ughafd;k blesa rks Ód gh ugha ftu ckrksa esa ;s ¼nqfu;k esa½ ckge >xM+s jgs gS d+;ker ds fnurqEgkjk ijojfnxkj blesa QSlyk dj nsxk ¼93½il tks dq+jku geus rqEgkjh rjQ ukft+y fd;k gS vxj mlds ckjs esa rqe dks dqN Ód gks rkstks yksx rqe ls igys ls fdrkc ¼[+k+qnk½ iqByk;k ¼ojuk½ rqe Hkh ?kkVk mBkus okyksa lsgks tkvksxs ¼95½¼,s jlwy½ blesa Ód ugha fd ftu yksxksa ds ckjs esa rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dks ckrsa iwjh mrj pqdh gSa¼fd ;s eqLrgds+ vt+kc gSa½ ¼96½og yksx tc rd nnZukd vt+kc ns[k ¼u½ ysxsa beku u yk,Wxsa vxjps buds lkeus lkjh ¼vYykgbZds½ ekSftt+s vk ekStwn gks ¼97½dksbZ cLrh ,slh D;ksa u gq;h fd beku d+qcwy djrh rks mldks mldk beku Qk;ns eUn gksrk gk¡;wuwl dh d+kSe tc ¼vt+kc ns[k dj½ beku ykbZ rks geus nqfu;k dh ¼pUn jkst+k½ ft+Unxh esa muls#lokbZ dk vt+kc nQk dj fn;k vkSj geus mUgas ,d [k+kl oD+r rd pSu djus fn;k ¼98½vkSj ¼,s iSx+Ecj½ vxj rsjk ijojfnxkj pkgrk rks ftrus yksx #, t+ehu ij gSa lcds lc beku ysvkrs rks D;k rqe yksxksa ij t+cjnLrh djuk pkgrs gks rkfd lcds lc bekunkj gks tk,¡ gkykWfdfdlh Ó[+l dks ;s ,[+rs;kj ugha ¼99½fd cxS+j [+k+qnk dh btkt+r bZeku ys vk, vkSj tks yksx ¼mlwys nhu esa½ vd+y ls dke ugha ysrsmUgha yskxsa ij [+k+qnk ¼dqÝ+½ dh xUnxh Mky nsrk gS ¼100½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dgk nks fd t+jk ns[kksa rks lgh fd vklekuksa vkSj t+ehu esa ¼vYykg dh fu'kkfu;k¡D;k½ D;k dqN gSa ¼exj lp rks ;s gS½ vkSj tks yksx bZeku ugha d++qcwy djrs mudks gekjhfu'kkfu;k¡ vkSj Mjkos dqN Hkh eqQhn ugha ¼101½rks ;s yksx Hkh mUgsa lt+kvksa ds eqfUrt+j ¼bUrtkj esa½ gSa tks muls d+Cy ¼igys½ okyks aij xqt+jpqdh gSa ¼,s jlwy muls½ dg nks fd vPNk rqe Hkh bUrt+kj djks eSa Hkh rqEgkjs lkFk ;d+huubUrt+kj djrk gw¡ ¼102½

fQj ¼uqt+wys vt+kc ds oD+r½ ge vius jlwyksa dks vkSj tks yksx bZeku yk, mudks ¼vt+kc ls½rywm cpk ysrs gSa ;w¡ gh ge ij ykft+e gS fd ge beku ykus okyksa dks Hkh cpk ysa ¼103½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd vxj rqe yksx esjs nhu ds ckjs esa Ód esa iM+s gks rks ¼eSa Hkh rqelslkQ dgsa nsrk gw¡½ [+k+qnk ds flok rqe Hkh ftu yskxksa dh ijlfr'k djrs gks eS rks mudh ijlfr'kugha djus dk exj ¼gk¡½ eS ml vYykg dh bcknr djrk gw¡ tks rqEgsa ¼viuh dqnjr ls nqfu;kls½ mBk ysxk vkSj eq>s rks ;s gqDe fn;k x;k gS fd eksfeu gw¡ ¼104½vkSj ¼eq>s½ ;s Hkh ¼gqDe gS½ fd ¼ckfry½ ls drjk ds viuk #[k+ nhu dh rjQ dk;e j[k vkSjeq'kjsdhu ls gjfxt+ u gksuk ¼105½vkSj vYykg dks NksM+ ,slh pht+ dks iqdkjuk tks u rq>s uQk gh igq¡pk ldrh gSa u uqd+lku ghigq¡pk ldrh gS rks vxj rqeus ¼dgha ,slk½ fd;k rks ml oD+r rqe Hkh t+kfyeksa esa ¼'kqekj½ gksxsa¼106½vkSj ¼;kn j[kks fd½ vxj vYykg dh rjQ ls rqEgsa dksbZ cqjkbZ Nw Hkh xbZ rks fQj mlds flokdksbZ mldk nQk djus okyk ugha gksxk vkSj vxj rqEgkjs lkFk HkykbZ dk bjknk djs rks fQj mldsQt+y o dje dk yisVus okyk Hkh dksbZ ugha og vius cUnksa esa ls ftldks pkgs Qk;nk igq¡pk,¡vkSj og cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼107½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ,s yksxksa rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls rqEgkjs ikl gd+ ¼d+qjku½ vkpqdk fQj tks Ó[+l lh/kh jkg ij pysxk rks og flQZ vius gh ne ds fy, fgnk;r ,[+rs;kjdjsxk vkSj tks xqejkgh ,[+rs;kj djsxk og rks HkVd dj dqN viuk gh [kks,xk vkSj eSa dqNrqEgkjk ft+Eesnkj rks gw¡ ugha ¼108½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqEgkjs ikl tks ^ogh* Hksth tkrh gS rqe cl mlh dh iSjoh djks vkSj lcz djks;gk¡ rd fd vYykg rqEgkjs vkSj dkfQjksa ds njfE;ku QSlyk Qjek, vkSj og rks reke QSlykdjus okyksa ls csgrj gS ¼109½

11 lwjg gwnlwjg gwn eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ,d lkS rsbZl ¼123½ vk;rs gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvfyQ+ yke jk & ;s ¼d++qjku½ og fdrkc gS ftldh vk;rs ,d okfdQ+dkj gdhe dh rjQ ls¼nyk,y ls½ [kwc eqLrgfde ¼et+cwr½ dj nh x;ha ¼1½fQj rQ+lhynkj c;ku dj nh x;h gSa ;s fd vYykg ds flok fdlh dh ijlfr'k u djks eS rksmldh rjQ ls rqEgsa ¼vt+kc ls½ Mjkus okyk vkSj ¼csfg'r dh½ [+kq'k[+kcjh nsus okyk ¼jlwy½ gw¡¼2½vkSj ;s Hkh fd vius ijojfnxkj ls ex+fQjr dh nqvk ekWxksa fQj mldh ckjxkg esa ¼xqukgksa ls½rkSck djks ogh rqEgsa ,d eqdjZj eqír rd vPNs uqRQ ds Qk;ns mBkus nsxk vkSj ogh gj lkgcscqt+Zxh dks mldh cqtZqxh ¼dh nkn½ vrk Qjek,xk vkSj vxj rqeus ¼mlds gqDe ls½ eq¡g eksM+k rkseq>s rqEgkjs ckjs esa ,d cM+s ¼[k+kSQukd½ fnu ds vt+kc dk Mj gS ¼3½¼;kn j[kks½ rqe lc dks ¼vkf[k+jdkj½ [+k+qnk gh dh rjQ ykSVuk gS vkSj og gj pht+ ij ¼vPNhrjg½ d+kfnj gS ¼4½¼,s jlwy½ ns[kks ;s dq++Q+kj ¼rqEgkjh vnkor esa½ vius lhuksa dks ¼xks;k½ nksgjk fd, Mkyrs gSa rkfd[+k+qnk ls ¼viuh ckrksa dks½ fNik, jgsa ¼exj½ ns[kks tc ;s yksx vius diM+s [+kwc yisVrs gSa ¼rcHkh rks½ [+k+qnk ¼mudh ckrksa dks½ tkurk gS tks fNikdj djrs gSa vkSj [kqYye [kqYyk djrs gSa blesaÓd ugha fd og lhuksa ds Hksn rd dks [kwc tkurk gS ¼5½vkSj t+ehu ij pyus okyksa esa dksbZ ,slk ugha ftldh jkst+h vYykg ds ft+Ees u gks vkSj vYykgmuds fBdkus vkSj ¼ejus ds ckn½ muds lkSis tkus dh txg ¼d+cz½ dks Hkh tkurk gS lc dqNjkS'ku fdrkc ¼ykSgs egQwt+½ esa ekStwn gS ¼6½vkSj og rks ogh ¼d+kfnjs eqRrfyd+½ gS ftlus vklekuksa vkSj t+ehu dks 6 fnu esa iSnk fd;k vkSj¼ml oD+r½ mldk v'kZ ¼Qyd ugqe½ ikuh ij Fkk ¼mlus vkleku o t+ehu½ bl x+jt+ ls cuk;krkfd rqe yksxksa dks vkt+ek, fd rqees T+;knk vPNh dkj xqt+kjh okyk dkSu gS vkSj ¼,s jlwy½

vxj rqe ¼muls½ dgksxs fd ejus ds ckn rqe lcds lc nksckjk ¼d+czksa ls½ mBk, tkvksxs rksdkfQ+j yksx t+#j dg cSBsxsa fd ;s rks cl [kqyk gqvk tknw gS ¼7½vkSj vxj ge fxurh ds pUn jkst+ks rd mu ij vt+kc djus esa nsj Hkh djsa rks ;s yksx ¼viuhÓjkjr ls½ csrkEeqy t+#j dgus yxsxsa fd ¼gk,½ vt+kc dks dkSu lh pht+ jksd jgh gS lqu j[kksftl fnu bu ij vt+kc vk iMs+ rks ¼fQj½ muds Vkys u Vysxk vkSj ftl ¼vt+kc½ dh ;s yksxg¡lh mM+k;k djrs Fks og mudks gj rjg ls ?ksj ysxk ¼8½vkSj vxj ge bUlku dks viuh jger dk et+k p[kk,W fQj mldks ge mlls Nhu ysa rks ¼mloD+r½ ;d+huu cM+k csvkl vkSj uk'kqØk gks tkrk gS ¼9½¼vkSj gekjh f'kdk;r djus yxrk gS½ vkSj vxj ge rdyhQ ds ckn tks mls igq¡prh Fkh jkgro vkjke dk tk,d+k p[kk, rks t+#j dgus yxrk gS fd vc rks lc l[+fr;k¡ eq>ls nQk gks xbZblesa Ód ugha fd og cM+k ¼tYnh [kq'k½ gksus Ós[k+h ckt+ gS ¼10½exj ftu yksxksa us lcz fd;k vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke fd, ¼og ,sls ugha½ ;s og yksx gSa ftudsokLrs ¼vYykg dh½ cf[+'k'k vkSj cgqr cM+h ¼[kjh½ et+nwjh gS ¼11½rks tks pht+ rqEgkjs ikl ^ogh* ds t+fj, ls Hksth gS muesa ls ckt+ dks ¼lqukus ds oD+r½ Ók;nrqe Qd+r bl [+;ky ls NksM+ nsus okys gks vkSj rqe rax fny gks fd eqcknk ;s yksx dg cSaBsa fdmu ij [kt+kuk D;ksa ugha ukft+y fd;k x;k ;k ¼muds rlnhd ds fy,½ muds lkFk dksbZ Qfj'rkD;ksa u vk;k rks rqe flQZ ¼vt+kc ls½ Mjkus okys gks ¼12½rqEgsa mudk [+;ky u djuk pkfg, vkSj vYykg gj pht+ dk ft+Eesnkj gS D;k ;s yksx dgrs gSafd ml Ó[+l ¼rqe½ us bl ¼d+qjku½ dks viuh rjQ ls x

exj ¼gk¡½ ;s og yksx gSa ftuds fy, vkf[k+jr es a ¼tgUuqe dh½ vkx ds flok dqN ugha vkSj tksdqN nqfu;k esa mu yksxks a us fd;k /kjk Fkk lc vdkjr ¼cckZn½ gks x;k vkSj tks dqN ;s yksxdjrs Fks lc fefV;kesV gks x;k ¼16½rks D;k tks Ó[+l vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls jkS'ku nyhy ij gks vkSj mlds ihNs gh ihNsmudk ,d xokg gks vkSj mlds d+cy ewlk dh fdrkc ¼rkSjSr½ tks ¼yksxksa ds fy,½ is'kok vkSjjger Fkh ¼mldh rlnhd+ djrh gks og csgrj gS ;k dksbZ nwljk½ ;gh yksx lPps beku ykus okysvkSj reke fQjd+ksa esa ls tks Ó[+l Hkh mldk bUdkj djs rks mldk fBdkuk cl vkfr'k ¼tgUuqe½gS rks fQj rqe dgha mldh rjQ ls Ód esa u iM+s jguk] cs'kd ;s d++qjku rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dhrjQ+ ls cjgd+ gS exj cgqrsjs yksx beku ugh ykrs ¼17½vkSj ;s tks Ó[+l vYykg ij >wB ewB cksgrku ckW/ks mlls T+;knk t+kfye dkSu gksxk ,sls yksx viusijojfnxkj ds gqt+wj esa is'k fd, tk,Wxsa vkSj xokg bt+gkj djsxsa fd ;gh og yksx gSa ftUgksausvius ijojfnxkj ij >wV ¼cksgrku½ c¡k/kk Fkk lqu j[kks fd t+kfyeksa ij vYykg dh fQVdkj gS¼18½tks [+k+qnk ds jkLrs ls yksxksa dks jksdrs gSa vkSj mlesa dt+h ¼VswBh ckrsa½ ;s yksxdjrs Fks ¼d+;ker esa lc½ mUgsa NksM+ ds py gksxh ¼21½blesa Ód ugha fd ;gh yksx vkf[k+jr esa cM+s ?kkVk mBkus okys gksxsa ¼22½cs'kd ftu yksxksa us bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, vkSj vius ijojfnxkj dslkeus vktt+h ls >qds ;gh yksx tUurh gSa fd ;s csg'r esa ges'kk jgsxsa ¼23½¼dkfQj]eqlyeku½ nksuksa Qjhd+ dh ely vU/ks vkSj cgjs vkSj ns[kus okys vkSj lquus okys dh lhgS D;k ;s nksuks ely esa cjkcj gks ldrs gSa rks D;k rqe yksx x+kSj ugha djrs vkSj geus uwg dkst+#j mu dh d+kSe ds ikl Hkstk ¼24½

¼vkSj mUgksus viuh d+kSe ls dgk fd½ eSa rks rqEgkjk ¼vt+kcs [+k+qnk ls½ ljhgh /kedkus okyk gw¡¼25½¼vkSj½ ;s ¼le>rk gw¡½ fd rqe [+k+qnk ds flok fdlh dh ijlfr'k u djks eSa rqe ij ,d nnZukdfnu ¼d+;ker½ ds vt+kc ls Mjkrk gw¡ ¼26½rks muds ljnkj tks dkfQ+j Fks dgus yxs fd ge rks rqEgsa viuk gh lk ,d vkneh le>rs gSavkSj ge rks ns[krs gSa fd rqEgkjs iSjksdkj gq, Hkh gSa rks cl flQZ gekjs pUn jt+hy ¼uhp½ yksx¼vkSj og Hkh cs lksps le>s ljljh ut+j esa½ vkSj ge rks vius Åij rqe yksxksa dh dksbZ Qt+hyrugha ns[krs cfYd rqe dks >wBk le>rs gSa ¼27½¼uwg us½ dgk ,s esjh d+kSe D;k rqeus ;s le>k gS fd vxj eSa vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls ,djkS'ku nyhy ij gw¡ vkSj mlus viuh ljdkj ls jger ¼uqcwor½ vrk QjekbZ vkSj og rqEgsa lq>kbZugha nsrh rks D;k eSa mldks ¼t+cjnLrh½ rqEgkjs xys ea

vxj vYykg dks rqEgkjk cgdkuk eat+wj gS rks esjh [k+Sj [+okgh dqN Hkh rqEgkjs dke ugha vkldrh ogh rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj gS vkSj mlh dh rjQ rqe dks ykSV tkuk gS ¼34½¼,s jlwy½ D;k ¼dq+Q+kjs eDdk Hkh½ dgrs gSa fd d+qjku dks ml ¼rqe½ us x

¼eq>s ekQ dhft,½ eS rks vHkh fdlh igkM+ dk lgkjk idM+rk gw¡ tks eq>s ikuh ¼esa Mwcus½ lscpk ysxk uwg us ¼mlls½ dgk ¼vjs dEc[+r½ vkt [+k+qnk ds vt+kc ls dksbZ cpkus okyk ugha exjvYykg gh ftl ij jge Qjek,xk vkSj ¼;s ckr gks jgh Fkh fd½ ;dk;d nksuks cki csVs dsnjfE;ku ,d ekSt gk,y gks xbZ vkSj og Mwc dj jg x;k ¼43½vkSj ¼x+Sc vYykg dh rjQ ls½ gqDe fn;k x;k fd ,s t+ehu viuk ikuh tT+c ¼'kks[k½ djs vkSj,s vkleku ¼cjlus ls½ Fke tk vkSj ikuh ?kV x;k vkSj ¼yksxksa dk½ dke reke dj fn;k x;kvkSj d'rh tks ogh ¼igkM+½ ij tk Bgjh vkSj ¼pkjks rjQ½ iqdkj fn;k x;k fd t+kfye yksxksadks ¼vYykg dh jger ls½ nwjh gks ¼44½vkSj ¼ftl oD+r uwg dk csVk x+jd ¼Mwc½ gks jgk Fkk rks uwg us vius ijojfnxkj dks iqdkjk vkSjvt+Z dh ,s esjs ijojfnxkj blesa rks Ód ugha fd esjk csVk esjs ,gy ¼?kj okyksa½ esa Ókfey gSvkSj rwus ok;nk fd;k Fkk fd rsjs ,gy dks cpk yw¡xk½ vkSj bles a Ód ugha fd rsjk ok;nk lPpkgS vkSj rw lkjs ¼tgku½ ds gkfdeksa ls cM+k gkfde gS ¼45½¼rw esjs csVs dks utkr ns½ vYykg us Qjek;k ,s uwg rqe ¼;s D;k dg jgs gks½ gjfxt+ og rqEgkjs,gy esa Ókfey ugha og cs'kd cnpyu gS ¼ns[kks ftldk rqEgsa bYe ugha gS eq>ls mlds ckjs esa¼nj[+okLr u fd;k djks vkSj uknkuksa dh lh ckrsa u djks½ uwg us vt+Z dh ,s esjs ijojfnxkj eSrq> gh ls iukg ekx¡rk gw¡ fd ftl pht+ dk eq>s bYe u gks eS mldh nj[+okLr d#¡ ¼46½vkSj vxj rq eq>s ¼esjs dlwj u c[+'k nsxk vkSj eq> ij jge u [kk,xk rks eSa l[+r ?kkVk mBkusokyksa esa gks tkÅ¡xk ¼tc rwQku tkrk jgk rks½ gqDe fn;k x;k ,s uwg gekjh rjQ ls lykerhvkSj mu cjdrksa ds lkFk d'rh ls mrjks ¼47½tks rqe ij gSa vkSj tks yksx rqEgkjs lkFk gSa muesa ls u dqN yksxksa ij vkSj ¼rqEgkjs ckn½ dqNyksx ,sls Hkh gSa ftUgsa ge FkksM+s gh fnu ckn cgjkoj djsxsa fQj gekjh rjQ ls mudks nnZukdvt+kc igq¡psxk ¼48½¼,s jlwy½ ;s x+Sc dh pUn [k+cjs gSa ftudks rqEgkjh rjQ ogh ds t+fj, igq¡pkrs gSa tks mlds d+Cyu rqe tkurs Fks vkSj u rqEgkjh d+kSe gh ¼tkurh Fkh½ rks rqe lcz djks blesa Ód ugha fdvkf[k+kjr ¼dh [kwfc;k¡½ ijgst+xkjksa gh ds okLrs gSa ¼49½vkSj ¼geus½ d+kSes vkn ds ikl muds HkkbZ gwn dks ¼iSx+Ecj cukdj Hkstk vkSj½ mUgksusa viuh d+kSe

ls dgk ,s esjh d+kSe vYykg gh dh ijlfr'k djksa mlds flok dksbZ rqEgkjk ekcwn ugha rqe clfujs bQ+rsjk ijnkt+ ¼>wBh ckr cukus okys½ gks ¼50½,s esjh d+kSe eS ml ¼le>kus ij rqels dqN et+nwjh ugha ekWxrk esjh et+nwjh rks cl ml Ó[+l dsft+Ees gS ftlus eq>s iSnk fd;k rks D;k rqe ¼bruk Hkh½ ugha le>rs ¼51½vkSj ,s esjh d+kSe vius ijojfnxkj ls ex+fQjr dh nqvk ekWxksa fQj mldh ckjxkg esa vius ¼xqukgksals½ rkSck djks rks og rqe ij ewlyk/kkj esg vkleku ls cjlk,xk [k+q'd lkyh u gskxh vkSjrqEgkjh d+wor ¼rkd+r½ esa vkSj d+wor c

vkSj bl nqfu;k esa Hkh ykur muds ihNs yxk nh xbZ vkSj d+;ker ds fnu Hkh ¼yxh jgsxh½ ns[kd+kSes vkn us vius ijojfnxkj dk bUdkj fd;k ns[kks gwn dh d+kSes vkn ¼gekjh ckjxkg ls½/kqRdkjh iM+h gS ¼60½vkSj ¼geus½ d+kSes lewn ds ikl muds HkkbZ lkysg dks ¼iSx+Ecj cukdj Hkstk½ rks mUgksaus ¼viuhd+kSe ls½ dgk ,s esjh d+kSe [+k+qnk gh dh ijlfr'k djks mlds flok dksbZ rqEgkjk ekcwn ugha mlh usrqedks t+ehu ¼dh feêh½ ls iSnk fd;k vkSj rqedks mlesa clk;k rks mlls ex+fQjr dh nqvk ekWxksafQj mldh ckjxkg esa rkSck djks ¼cs'kd esjk ijojfnxkj ¼gj Ó[+l ds½ d+jhc vkSj lcdh lqurkvkSj nqvk d+qcwy djrk gS ¼61½og yksx dgus yxs ,s lkysg blds igys rks rqels gekjh mEehnsa okcLrk Fkh rks D;k vc rqeftl pht+ dh ijlfr'k gekjs cki nknk djrs Fks mldh ijlfr'k ls gesa jksdrs gks vkSj ftl nhudh rjQ rqe gesa cqykrs gks ge rks mldh fuLcr ,sls Ód esa iM+s gSa ¼62½fd mlus gSjr esa Mky fn;k gS lkysg us tokc fn;k ,s esjh d+kSe Hkyk ns[kks rks fd vxj eSavius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls jkS'ku nyhy ij gw¡ vkSj mlus eq>s viuh ¼ckjxkg½ es jger¼ucwor½ vrk dh gS bl ij Hkh vxj eS mldh ukQ+jekuh d#¡ rks vYykg ¼ds vt+kc ls cpkusesa½ esjh enn dkSu djsxk&fQj rqe flok uqd+lku ds esjk dqN cwBk ugha gksrk fQj tc gekjk ¼vt+kc dk½ gqDe vk igq¡pk rksgeus lkysg vkSj mu yksxksa dks tks mlds lkFk bZeku yk, Fks viuh esgjckuh ls utkr nh vkSjml fnu dh #lokbZ ls cpk fy;k blesa Ód ugha fd rsjk ijojfnxkj t+cjnLr x+kfyc gS ¼66½vkSj ftu yksxksa us t+qYe fd;k Fkk mudks ,d l[+r fp?kkM+ us ys Mkyk rks og yksx vius vius?kjksa esa vkSa/ksa iM+s jg x;s ¼67½

vkSj ,sls ej feVs fd xks;k muesa dHkh cls gh u Fks rks ns[kks d+kSes lewn us vius ijojfnxkj dhukQjekuh dh vkSj ¼lt+k nh xbZ½ lqu j[kks fd d+kSes lewn ¼mldh ckjxkg ls½ /kqRdkjh gqbZ gS¼68½vkSj gekjs Hksts gq, ¼Qfj'rs½ bcjkghe ds ikl [kq'k[k+cjh ysdj vk, vkSj mUgksaus ¼bcjkghe dks½lyke fd;k ¼bcjkghe us½ lyke dk tokc fn;k fQj bcjkghe ,d cNM+s dk Hkquk gqvk ¼xks'r½ys vk, ¼69½¼vkSj lkFk [kkus cSBsa½ fQj tc ns[kk fd muds gkFk mldh rjQ ugha c

vkSj mudh d+kSe ¼yM+dks dh vkokt+ lqudj cqjs bjkns ls½ muds ikl nkSM+rh gq;h vkbZ vkSj ;syksx mlds d+Cy Hkh cqjs dke fd;k djrs Fks ywr us ¼tc mudks½ vkrs ns[kk rks dgk ,s esjhd+kSe ;s ekjh d+kSe dh csfV;k¡ ¼ekStwn gSa½ muls fudkg dj yks ;s rqEgkjhs okLrs tk;t+ vkSj T+;knklkQ lqFkjh gSa rks [kq+nk ls Mjks vkSj eq>s esjs esgeku ds ckjs esa #lok u djks D;k rqe esa lsdksbZ Hkh le>nkj vkneh ugha gS ¼78½mu ¼dEc[+rks½ u tokc fn;k rqe dks [kwc ekywe gS fd rqEgkjh d+kSe dh yM+fd;ksa dh gesa dqNgktr ¼t:jr½ ugh gS vkSj tks ckr ge pkgrs gS og rks rqe [k+wc tkurs gks ¼79½ywr us dgk dk'k eq>esa rqEgkjs eqd+kcys dh dwor gksrh ;k eS fdlh et+cwr fd+ys es iukg ysldrk ¼80½og Qfj'rs cksys ,s ywr ge rqEgkjs ijojfrnxkj ds Hksts gq, ¼Qfj'rs gSa rqe ?kcjkvks ugha½ ;syksx rqe rd gjfxt+ ¼ugha igq¡p ldrs rks rqe dqN jkr jgs vius yM+dksa ckyksa leSr fudyHkkxks vkSj rqeesa ls dksbZ b/kj eqM+ dj Hkh u ns[ks exj rqEgkjh chch fd ml ij Hkh ;d+huu ogvt+kc ukft+y gksus okyk gS tks mu yksxksa ij ukft+y gksxk vkSj mu ¼ds vt+kc dk½ ok;nk cllqcg gS D;k lqcg d+jhc ugha ¼81½fQj tc gekjk ¼vt+kc dk½ gqDe vk igq¡pk rks geus ¼cLrh dh t+ehu ds rcds½ myV djmlds Åij ds fgLls dks uhps dk cuk fn;k vkSj ml ij geus [kjUtsnkj iRFkj rkcM+ rksM+ cjlk,¼82½ftu ij rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls fu'kku cuk, gq, Fks vkSj og cLrh ¼mu½ t+kfyeksa¼dq+Q+kjs eDdk½ ls dqN nwj ugha ¼83½vkSj geus en;u okyksa ds ikl muds HkkbZ Óq,c dks iSx+Ecj cuk dj Hkstk mUgksaus ¼viuh d+kSe ls½dgk ,s esjh d+kSe vYykg dh bcknr djks mlds flok rqEgkjk dksbZ vYykg ugha vkSj uki vkSjrkSy esa dksbZ deh u fd;k djks eS rks rqe dks vkWlwnxh ¼[+kq'kgkyh½ esa ns[k jgk gw ¡ ¼fQj ?kVkusdh D;k t+#jr gS½ vkSj eS rks rqe ij ml fnu ds vt+kc ls Mjkrk gw¡ tks ¼lcdks½ ?ksj ysxk¼84½vkSj ,s esjh d+kSe iSekus vkSj rjkt+w+ bUlkQ+ ds lkFk iwjs iwjs j[kk djks vkSj yskxksa dks mudh pht+sde u fn;k djks vkSj #, t+ehu esa Qlkn u QSykrs fQjks ¼85½

vxj rqe lPps eksfeu gks rks vYykg dk cfd+;k rqEgkjs okLrs dgh vPNk gS vkSj eSa rks dqNrqEgkjk fuxsgcku ugha ¼86½og yksx dgus yxs ,s Óq,c D;k rqEgkjh uekt+ ¼ftls rqe is ¼gyky½ jkst+h [kkus dks nh gS ¼rks eS Hkh rqEgkjh rjg gjke [kkus yxw¡½ vkSj eS rks ;s ughapkgrk fd ftl dke ls rqe dks jksdw¡ rqEgkjs cj f[k+ykQ ¼cnys½ vki mldks djus yxwa eaS rkstgk¡ rd eq>s cu iM+s blykg ¼HkykbZ½ ds flok ¼dqN vkSj½ pkgrk gh ugha vkSj esjh rkbZn rksvYykg ds flok vkSj fdlh ls gks gh ugha ldrh bl ij eSus Hkjkslk dj fy;k gS vkSj mlh dhrjQ #t+w djrk gw¡ ¼88½vkSj ,s esjh d+kSes esjh ft+n dgh rqe ls ,slk tqeZ u djk ns tSlh eqlhcr d+kSe uwg ;k gwn ;klkysg ij ukft+y gq;h Fkh oSlh gh eqlhcr rqe ij Hkh vk iM+s vkSj ywr dh d+kSe ¼dk t+ekuk½rks ¼dqN ,slk½ rqels nwj ugha ¼mUgha ds bcjr gkfly djks ¼89½vkSj vius ijojfnxkj ls viuh ex+fQjr dh nqvk ek¡xksa fQj mlh dh ckjxkg esa rkSck djks cs'kdesjk ijojfnxkj cM+k eksgCcr okyk esgjcku gS ¼90½vkSj og yksx dgus yxs ,s Óq,c tks ckrs rqe dgrs gks muesa ls vDlj rks gekjh le> gh esaugha vk;h vkSj blesa rks Ód ugha fd ge rqEgsa vius yksxksa esa cgqr det+ksj le>rs gS vkSj vxjrqEgkjk d+chyk u gskrk rks ge rqe dks ¼dc dk½ laxlkj dj pqds gksrs vkSj rqe rks ge ijfdlh rjg x+kfyc ugha vk ldrs ¼91½Óq,c us dgk ,s esjh d+kSe D;k esjs dchys dk ncko rqe ij vYykg ls Hkh c

vkSj tc gekjk ¼vt+kc dk½ gqDe vk igq¡pk rks geus Óq,sc vkSj mu yksxksa dks tks mlds lkFkbeku yk, Fks viuh esgjckuh ls cpk fy;k vkSj ftu yksxksa us t+qYe fd;k Fkk mudks ,d fpa?kkM+us ys Mkyk fQj rks og lcds lc vius ?kjksa esa vkSa/ks iM+s jg x, ¼94½¼vkSj og ,sls ej feVs½ fd xks;k mu cfLr;ksa esa dHkh cls gh u Fks lqu j[kks fd ftl rjglewn ¼vYykg dh ckjxkg ls½ /kqRdkjs x, mlh rjg ,gys efn;u dh Hkh /kqRdkjh gq;h ¼95½vkSj cs'kd geus ewlk dks viuh fu'kkfu;k¡ vkSj jkS'ku nyhy nsdj ¼96½fQjvkÅu vkSj mlds vez ¼ljnkjksa½ ds ikl ¼iSx+Ecj cuk dj½ Hkstk rks yksxksa us fQjvkÅu ghdk gqDe eku fy;k ¼vkSj ewlk dh ,d u lquh½ gkykWfd fQjvkÅu dk gqDe dqN tWpk le>kgqvk u Fkk ¼97½d+;ker ds fnu og viuh d+kSe ds vkxs vkxs pysxk vkSj mudks nkst+[k+ esa ys tkdj >ksad nsxkvkSj ;s yksx fdl d+nj cM+s ?kkV mrkjs x, ¼98½vkSj ¼bl nqfu;k½ esa Hkh ykur muds ihNs ihNs yxk nh xbZ vkSj d+;ker ds fnu Hkh ¼yxhjgsxh½ D;k cqjk buke gS tks mUgsa feyk ¼99½¼,s jlwy½ ;s pUn cfLr;ksa ds gkykr gSa tks ge rqe ls c;ku djrs gSa muesa ls ckt+ rks ¼mloD+r rd½ d+k;e gSa vkSj ckt+ dk rgl ugl gks x;k ¼100½vkSj geus fdlh rjg mu ij t+Ye ugha fd;k cfYd mu yksxksa us vki vius Åij ¼ukQjekuhdjds½ t+qYe fd;k fQj tc rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dk ¼vt+kc dk½ gqDe vk igq¡pk rks u mlds ogekcwn gh dke vk, ftUgsa vYykg dks NksM+dj iqdkjk djrs Fksa vkSj u mu ekcwnksa us gykd djusds flok dqN Qk;nk gh igq¡pk;k cfYd mUgha dh ijlfr'k dh cnkSyr vt+kc vk;k ¼101½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ cfLr;ksa ds yksxksa dh ljd'kh ls tc rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj vt+kc esa idM+rk gS rksmldh idM+ ,slh gh gksrh gS cs'kd idM+ rks nnZukd ¼vkSj l[+r½ gksrh gS ¼102½blesa rks Ód ugha fd ml Ó[+l ds okLrs tks vt+kc vkf[k+jr ls Mjrk gS ¼gekjh dqnjr dh½,d fu'kkuh gS ;s og jkst+ gksxk fd lkjs ¼tgk¡u½ ds yksx tek fd, tk,Wxsa vkSj ;gh og fnugksxk fd ¼gekjh ckjxkg esa½ lc gkft+j fd, tk,Wxsa ¼103½vkSj ge cl ,d eqv¸;qu eqír rd blesa nsj dj jgs gS ¼104½

ftl fnu og vk igq¡psxk rks cx+Sj gqDes [+k+qnk dksbZ Ó[+l ckr Hkh rks ugha dj ldsxk fQj dqNyksx mues ls cnc[+r gksxsa vkSj dqN yksx usd c[+r ¼105½rks tks yksx cnc[+r gS og nkst+[k+ esa gksxsa vkSj mlh esa mudh gk, ok, vkSj ph[+k iqdkj gksxh¼106½og yksx tc rd vkleku vkSj t+ehu esa gS ges'kk mlh es jgsxsa exj tc rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj¼utkr nsuk½ pkgs cs'kd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj tks pkgrk gS dj gh Mkyrk gS ¼107½vkSj tks yksx usd c[+r gSa og rks csg'r esa gksxsa ¼vkSj½ tc rd vkleku o t+ehu ¼ckd+h½ gSog ges'kk mlh esa jgsxsa exj tc rsjk ijojfnxkj pkgs ¼lt+k nsdj vkf[k+j esa tUur esa ys tk,¼108½;s og c[+f'k'k gS tks dHkh eud+rvk ¼[kRe½ u gksxh rks ;s yksx ¼vYykg ds vykok½ ftldhijlfr'k djrs gSa rqe mlls Ód esa u iM+uk ;s yksx rks cl oSlh bcknr djrs gSa tSlh mulsigys muds cki nknk djrs Fks vkSj ge t+#j ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ mudks ¼vt+kc dk½ iwjk iwjkfgLlk cx+Sj de fd, nsxsa ¼109½vkSj geus ewlk dks fdrkc rkSjSr vrk dh rks mlesa ¼Hkh½ >xM+s Mkys x, vkSj vxj rqEgkjsijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls gqDe dksb igys gh u gks pqdk gksrk rks muds njfe;ku ¼dc dk½QSlyk ;d+huu gks x;k gksrk vkSj ;s yksx ¼dq+Q+kjs eDdk½ Hkh bl ¼d+qjku½ dh rjQ ls cgqrxgjs Ód esa iM+s gSa ¼110½vkSj blesa rks Ód gh ugha fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj mudh dkjLrkfu;ksa dk cnyk Hkjiwj nsxk¼D;kasfd½ tks mudh djrwrsa gSa mlls og [kwc okfd+Q gS ¼111½rks ¼,s jlwy½ tSlk rqEgsa gqDe fn;k gS rqe vkSj og yksx Hkh ftUgksaus rqEgkjs lkFk ¼dqÝ ls½ rkSckdh gS Bhd lkfcr d+ne jgks vkSj ljd'kh u djks ¼D;ksafd½ rqe yksx tks dqN Hkh djrs gks og;d+huu ns[k jgk gS ¼112½vkSj ¼eqlyekuksa½ ftu yksxksa us ¼gekjh ukQjekuh djds½ vius Åij t+qYe fd;k gS mudh rjQek,y ¼>qduk½ u gksuk vkSj ojuk rqe rd Hkh ¼nkst+[k+½ dh vkx vk yiVsxh vkSj vYykg dsflok vkSj yksx rqEgkjs ljijLr Hkh ugha gSa fQj rqEgkjh enn dksbZ Hkh ugha djsxk ¼113½

vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ fnu ds nksuks fdukjs vkSj dqN jkr x, uekt+ i

12 lwjg ;wlqQ+lwjg ;wlqQ+ eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ,d lkS X;kjg ¼111½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvfyQ+ yke jk ;s okt+s, o jkS'ku fdrkc dh vk;rsa gS ¼1½geus bl fdrkc ¼d+qjku½ dks vjch esa ukft+y fd;k gS rkfd rqe le>ks ¼2½¼,s jlwy½ ge rqe ij ;s d+qjku ukft+y djds rqe ls ,d fugk;r mEnk fd+Llk c;ku djrs gSavxjps rqe blds igys ¼mlls½ fcYdqy cs[k+cj Fks ¼3½¼og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc ;wlwQ us vius cki ls dgk ,s vCck eSus X;kjg flrkjksa vkSj lwjtpk¡n dks ¼[+okc esa½ ns[kk gS eSus ns[kk gS fd ;s lc eq>s ltnk dj jgs gSa ¼4½;kd+wc us dgk ,s csVk ¼ns[kks [k+cjnkj½ dgha viuk [+okc vius HkkbZ;ksa ls u nksgjkuk ¼ojuk½ ogyksx rqEgkjs fy, eDdkjh dh rnchj djus yxsxsa blesa rks Ód gh ugha fd ÓSrku vkneh dk[kqyk gqvk nq'eu gS ¼5½vkSj ¼tks rqeus ns[kk gS½ ,slk gh gksxk fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj rqedks cjxqt+hnk ¼bT+trnkj½ djsxkvkSj rqEgsa [+okcks dh rkchj fl[kk,xk vkSj ftl rjg blls igys rqEgkjs nknk ijnknk bcjkghe vkSjblgkd+ ij viuh usver iwjh dj pqdk gS vkSj blh rjg rqe ij vkSj ;kd+wc dh vkSykn ijviuh usver iwjh djsxk cs'kd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj cM+k okfd+Qdkj gdhe gS ¼6½¼,s jlwy½ ;wlqQ vkSj muds Hkkb;ksa ds fdLls esa iwNus okys ¼;gwn½ ds fy, ¼rqEgkjh uqcwor½ dh;d+huu cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼7½fd tc ¼;wlwQ ds Hkkb;ksa us½ dgk fd ckotwn fd gekjh cM+h tekvr gS fQj Hkh ;wlqQ+ vkSjmldk gdhd+h HkkbZ ¼bCus ;kehu½ gekjs okfyn ds ut+nhd cgqr T+;knk I;kjs gSa blesa dqN Ód ughafd gekjs okfyn ;d+huu ljhgh ¼[kqyh gq;h½ x+yrh esa iM+s gSa ¼8½¼[k+Sj rks vc equkflc ;s gS fd ;k rks½ ;qlwQ dks ekj Mkyks ;k ¼de ls de½ mldks fdlh

txg ¼py dj½ Qsad vkvks rks vycÙkk rqEgkjs okfyn dh roTtks flQZ rqEgkjh rjQ gks tk,xkvkSj mlds ckn rqe lcds lc ¼cki dh rotTtks ls½ Hkys vkneh gks tkvksxsa ¼9½muesa ls ,d dgus okyk cksy mBk fd ;wlqQ dks tku ls rks u ekjks gk¡ vxj rqedks ,slk ghdjuk gS rks mldks fdlh vU/ks dq,¡ esa ¼ys tkdj½ Mky nks dksbZ jkgxhj mls fudkydj ys tk,xk¼vkSj rqEgkjk eryc gkfly gks tk,xk½ ¼10½lc us ¼;kd+wc ls½ dgk vCck tku vkf[k+j mldh D;k otg gS fd vki ;wlqQ ds ckjs esa gekjk,srckj ugha djrs ¼11½gkykWfd ge yksx rks mlds [k+Sj [+okg ¼Hkyk pkgus okys½ gSa vki mldks dqy gekjs lkFk Hkstnhft, fd t+jk ¼taxy½ ls Qy oxS+jg~ [kk, vkSj [ksys dwns ¼12½vkSj ge yksx rks mlds fuxsgcku gSa gh ;kd+wc us dgk rqEgkjk mldks ys tkuk eq>s l[+r lnekigq¡pkuk gS vkSj eS rks blls Mjrk gw¡ fd rqe lc ds lc mlls cs[k+cj gks tkvks vkSj ¼eqcknk½mls HksfM+;k QkM+ [kk, ¼13½og yksx dgus yxs tc gekjh cM+h tekvr gS ¼bl ij Hkh½ vxj mldks HksfM+;k [kk tk, rksge yksx ;d+huu cM+s ?kkVk mBkus okys ¼fudyrs½ Bgjsxsa ¼14½x+jt+ ;wlqQ dks tc ;s yksx ys x, vkSj bl ij bRrsQ+kd+ dj fy;k fd mldks vU/ks dq,¡ esaMky nsa vkSj ¼vkf[k+j ;s yksx xqt+js rks½ geus ;qlqQ+ ds ikl ^ogh* Hksth fd rqe ?kcjkvks ughage vud+jhc rqEgsa ejrcs ¼m¡ps edke½ ij igq¡pk,xs ¼rc rqe½ muds ml Qsy ¼cn½ ls rEchg¼vkx+kg½ djksxs ¼15½tc mUgsa dqN /;ku Hkh u gksxk vkSj ;s yksx jkr dks vius cki ds ikl ¼cuoV½ ls jksrs ihVrsgq, vk, ¼16½vkSj dgus yxs ,s vCck ge yksx rks tkdj nkSM+us yxs vkSj ;wlqQ dks vius vlckc ds iklNksM+ fn;k brus esa HksfM+;k vkdj mls [kk x;k ge yksx vxj lPps Hkh gks exj vkidks rksgekjh ckr dk ;d+hu vkus dk ugha ¼17½vkSj ;s yksx ;wlqQ ds dqjrs ij >wB ewB ¼HksM+½ dk [kwu Hkh ¼yxk ds½ yk, Fks] ;kd+wc us dgk¼HksfM+;k us gh [kk;k ¼cfYd½ rqEgkjs fny us rqEgkjs cpkvks ds fy, ,d ckr x

gqvk t+#j gksrk fQj lcz o ÓqØ gS vkSj tks dqN rqe c;ku djrs gks ml ij [+k+qnk gh ls ennek¡xh tkrh gS ¼18½vkSj ¼[+k+qnk dh Óku ns[kks½ ,d dkQ+yk ¼ogk¡½ vkdj mrjk mu yksxksa us vius lD+ds ¼ikuh Hkjusokys½ dks ¼ikuh Hkjus½ Hkstk x+jt+ mlus viuk Mksy Mkyk gh Fkk ¼fd ;wlqQ mlesa cSBs vkSj mlus[k+hpk rks fudy vk,½ og iqdkjk vkgk ;s rks yM+dk gS vkSj dkQyk okyks us ;wlqQ dks d+herhljek;k le>dj fNik j[kk gkykWfd tks dqN ;s yksx djrs Fks vYykg mlls [k+wc okfdQ Fkk¼19½¼tc ;wlqQ ds Hkkb;ksa dks [k+cj yxh rks vk igq¡ps vkSj mudks viuk x+qyke crk;k vkSj mu yksxksaus ;wlqQ dks fxurh ds [kksVs pUn njge ¼cgqr FkksM+s nke ij csp Mkyk½ vkSj og yksx rks ;wlqQls cst+kj gks gh jgs Fks ¼20½¼;wlqQ dks ysdj feò igq¡ps vkSj ogk¡ mls cM+s uQs+ eas csp Mkyk½ vkSj feò ds yksxksa ls¼vt+hts+ feò½ ftlus ¼mudks [k+jhnk Fkk viuh choh ¼t+qys[k+k½ ls dgus yxk bldks bT+t+r o vkc#ls j[kks vtc ugha ;s gesa dqN uQk igq¡pk, ;k ¼'kk;n½ bldks viuk csVk gh cuk ysa vkSj ;wgeus ;wlqQ dks eqYd ¼feò½ esa ¼txg nsdj½ d+kfct+ cuk;k vkSj x+jt+ ;s Fkh fd geus mls [+okcdh ckrksa dh rkchj fl[kk;h vkSj [+k+qnk rks vius dke ij ¼gj rjg ds½ x+kfyc o d+kfnj gS exjcgqrsjs yksx ¼mldks½ ugha tkurs ¼21½vkSj tc ;wlqQ viuh tokuh dks igq¡ps rks geus mudks gqDe ¼uqcwor½ vkSj bYe vrk fd;k vkSjusdh dkjksa dks ge ;w¡ gh cnyk fn;k djrs gSa ¼22½vkSj ftl vkSjr t+qys[kk ds ?kj esa ;wlqQ jgrs Fks mlus vius ¼uktk;t+½ eryc gkfly djus dsfy, [+kqn muls vkjt+w dh vkSj lc njokt+s cUn dj fn, vkSj ¼cs rkuk½ dgus yxh yks vkvks;wlqQ us dgk ekt+vYykg og ¼rqEgkjs fe;k¡½ esjk ekfyd gSa mUgksaus eq>s vPNh rjg j[kk gS eS,slk t+qYe D;ksa dj ldrk gw¡ cs'kd ,slk t+qYe djus okys Qykg ugha ikrs ¼23½t+qys[kk us rks muds lkFk ¼cqjk½ bjknk dj gh fy;k Fkk vkSj vxj ;s Hkh vius ijojfnxkj dhnyhu u ns[k pqds gksrs rks d+Ln dj cSBrs ¼geus mldks ;w¡ cpk;k½ rkfd ge mlls cqjkbZ vkSjcndkjh dks nwj j[ks+ cs'kd og gekjs [k+kfyl cUnksa esa ls Fkk ¼24½vkSj nksuksa njokts+ dh rjQ >iV iM+s vkSj t+qys[k+k ¼us ihNs ls mudk dqrkZ idM+ dj [khpk vkSj½QkM+ Mkyk vkSj nksuksa us t+qys[kk ds [k+kfoUn dks njokt+s ds ikl [kM+k ik;k t+qys[k+k >V ¼vius

ÓkSgj ls½ dgus yxh fd tks rqEgkjh chch ds lkFk cndkjh dk bjknk djs mldh lt+k blds flokvkSj dqN ugha fd ;k rks dS+n dj fn;k tk, ¼25½;k nnZukd vt+kc esa eqfCryk dj fn;k tk, ;wlqQ us dgk mlus [+kqn ¼eq>ls esjh vkjt+w dh FkhvkSj t+qys[k+k½ ds dqUcs okyksa esa ls ,d xokgh nsus okys ¼nw/k ihrs cPps½ us xokgh nh fd vxjmudk dqrkZ vkxs ls QVk gqvk gks rks ;s lPph vkSj og >wBs ¼26½vkSj vxj mudk dqrkZ ihaNs ls QVk gqvk gks rks ;s >wBh vkSj og lPps ¼27½fQj tc vt+hts+ feò us mudk dqrkZ ihNs ls QVk gqvk ns[kk rks ¼viuh vkSjr ls½ dgus yxk ;srqe gh yksxksa ds pyRrj gS mlesa Ód ugha fd rqe yksxksa ds pyRrj cM+s ¼x+t+c ds½ gksrs gSa¼28½¼vkSj ;wlqQ ls dgk½ ,s ;wlqQ bldks tkus nks vkSj ¼vkSjr ls dgk½ fd rw vius xqukg dh ekQhek¡x D;ksafd cs'kd rw gh ljrkik [k+rkokj gS ¼29½vkSj Ógj ¼feò½ esa vkSjrsa ppkZ djus yxh fd vt+ht+ ¼feò½ dh chch vius x+qyke ls ¼uktk;t+½eryc gkfly djus dh vkjt+w eUn gS cs'kd xqyke us mls myQr esa yqHkk;k gS ge yksx rks;d+huu mls ljhgh x+yrh esa eqfCryk ns[krs gSa ¼30½rks tc t+qys[k+k us muds rkus lqus rks ml us mu vkSjrksa dks cqyk Hkstk vkSj muds fy, ,detfyl vkjkLrk dh vkSj mlesa ls gj ,d ds gkFk esa ,d Nqjh vkSj ,d ¼ukjaxh½ nh ¼vkSj dgfn;k fd tc rqEgkjs lkeus vk, rks dkV ds ,d Q+kd mldks ns nsuk½ vkSj ;wlqQ+ ls dgk fdvc buds lkeus ls fudy rks tkvks rks tc mu vkSjrksa us mls ns[kk rks mlds cM+k glhu ik;krks lc ds lc us ¼cs [kqnh esa½ vius vius gkFk dkV Mkys vkSj dgus yxh gk; vYykg ;svkneh ugha gS ;s rks gks u gks cl ,d eqvft+t+ ¼bT+t+r okyk½ Q+fj'rk gS ¼31½¼rc t+qys[k+k mu vkSjrksa ls½ cksyh fd cl ;s ogh rks gS ftldh cnkSyr rqe lc eq>s eyker¼cqjk Hkyk½ djrh Fkha vkSj gk¡ cs'kd eSa mlls viuk eryc gkfly djus dh [kqn mlls vkjt+weUn Fkh exj ;s cpk jgk vkSj ftl dke dk eSa gqDe nsrh gw¡ vxj ;s u djsxk rks t+#j d+SnHkh fd;k tk,xk vkSj t+yhy Hkh gksxk ¼;s lc ckrsa ;wlqQ us esjh ckjxkg esa½ vt+Z dh ¼32½,s esjs ikyus okys ftl ckr dh ;s vkSjrs eq> ls [+okfg'k j[krh gSa mldh fuLor ¼cnys esa½ eq>sd+Sn [k+kuksa T+;knk ilUn gS vkSj vxj rw bu vkSjrksa ds Q+jsc eq>ls nQk u Qjek,xk rks ¼'kk;n½eS mudh rjQ ek,y ¼>qd½ gks tk¡Å ys rks tkvks vkSj tkfgyksa ls Óqekj fd;k tkÅ¡ ¼33½

ks muds ijojfnxkj us mudh lqu yh vkSj mu vkSjrksa ds edj dks nQk dj fn;k blesa Ód ughafd og cM+k lquus okyk okfd+Qdkj gS ¼34½fQj ¼vt+ht+ feò vkSj mlds yksxksa us½ ckotwn ds ¼;wlqQ dh ikd nkfeuh dh½ fu'vkkfu;k¡ ns[kyh Fkh mlds ckn Hkh mudks ;gh equkflc ekywe gqvk ¼35½fd dqN fe;kn ds fy, mudks d+Sn gh djs nsa vkSj ;wlqQ ds lkFk vkSj Hkh nks toku vkneh¼d+Sn [k+kus½ esa nkf[k+y gq, ¼pUn fnu ds ckn½ muesa ls ,d us dgk fd eSus [+okc esa ns[kk gSfd eS ¼'kjkc cukus ds okLrs vaxwj½ fupksM+ jgk gw¡ vkSj nwljs us dgk ¼eS us Hkh [+okc esa½ viusdks ns[kk fd eS vius lj ij jksfV;k mBk, gq, gw¡ vkSj fpfM+;k¡ mls [kk jgh gSa ¼;wlqQ½ gedksmldh rkchj ¼eryc½ crkvks D;ksafd ge rqedks ;d+huu usdh dkjksa ls le>rs gSa ¼36½;wlqQ us dgk tks [kkuk rqEgsa ¼d+Sn [k+kus ls½ fn;k tkrk gS og vkus Hkh u ik,xk fd eS mldsrqEgkjs ikl vkus ds d+Cy gh rqEgs mldh rkchj crkÅ¡xk ;s rkchjs [+okc Hkh mu ckrksa ds lkFk gStks esjs ijojfnxkj us eq>s rkyhe QjekbZ gS eSa mu yksxksa dk et+gc NksM+ cSBk gw¡ tks vYykg ijbeku ugha ykrs vkSj og yksx vkf[k+jr ds Hkh eqfUdj gS ¼37½vkSj eSa rks vius cki nknk bcjkghe o blgkd+ o ;kd+wc ds et+gc ij pyus okyk gw¡ equkflcugha fd ge vYykg ds lkFk fdlh pht+ dks ¼mldk½ Ójhd cuk,¡ ;s Hkh vYykg dh ,d cM+hesgjckuh gS ge ij Hkh vkSj reke yksxksa ij exj cgqrsjs yksx mldk ÓqfØ;k ¼Hkh½ vnk ugha djrs¼38½,s esjs dSn [k+kus ds nksuks jQhd+ksa ¼lkfFk;ksa½ ¼t+jk x+kSj rks djks fd½ Hkyk tqnk tqnk ekcwn vPNs;k vYykg, ;drk t+cjnLr ¼vQlksl½ ¼39½rqe yksx rks vYykg dks NksM+dj cl mu pUn ukeksa gh dks ijlfr'k djrs gks ftu dks rqeusvkSj rqEgkjs cki nknkvksa us x

vkSj mu nksuksa esa ls ftldh fuLcr ;wlqQ us le>k Fkk og fjgk gks tk,xk mlls dgk fd viusekfyd ds ikl esjk Hkh rt+fdjk djuk ¼fd eSa cstqeZ d+Sn gw¡½ rks ÓSrku us mls vius vkd+k lsft+Ø djuk Hkqyk fn;k rks ;wlqQ d+Sn [k+kus esa dbZ cjl jgs ¼42½vkSj ¼blh vluk ¼chp½ esa½ ckn'kkg us ¼Hkh [+okc ns[kk vkSj½ dgk eSus ns[kk gS fd lkr eksVhrkt+h xk, gSa mudks lkr nqcyh iryh xk; [kk, tkrh gSa vkSj lkr rkt+h lCt+ ckfy;kW ¼ns[kha½vkSj fQj ¼lkr½ lw[kh ckfy;kW ,s ¼esjs njckj ds½ ljnkjksa vxj rqe yksxksa dks [+okc dh rkchjnsuh vkrh gks rks esjs ¼bl½ [+okc ds ckjs esa gqDe yxkvks ¼43½mu yksxksa us vt+Z dh fd ;s rks ¼dqN½ [+okc ijs'kkW ¼lk½ gS vkSj ge yksx ,sls [+okc ¼ijs'kkW½dh rkchj rks ugha tkurs gSa ¼44½vkSj ftlus mu nksuksa esa ls fjgkbZ ikbZ Fkh ¼lkdh½ vkSj mldks ,d t+ekus ds ckn ¼;wlqQ dkfd+Llk½ ;kn vk;k cksy mBk fd eq>s ¼d+Sn [k+kus rd½ tkus nhft, rks eSa mldh rkchj crk, nsrkgw¡ ¼45½¼x+jt+ og x;k vkSj ;wlqQ ls dgus yxk½ ,s ;wlqQ ,s cM+s lPps ¼;wlqQ½ t+jk gesa ;s rks crkb,fd lkr eksVh rkt+h xk;ksa dks lkr iryh xk; [kk, tkrh gS vkSj lkr ckfy;kW gSa gjh dpokvkSj fQj ¼lkr½ lw[kh eqj>kbZ ¼bldh rkchj D;k gS½ rks eSa yksxksa ds ikl iyV dj tkÅ¡ ¼vkSjc;ku d#¡½ ¼46½rkfd mudks Hkh ¼rqEgkjh d+nj½ ekywe gks tk, ;wlqQ us dgk ¼bldh rkchj ;s gS½ fd rqe yksxyxkrkj lkr cjl dk'rdkjh djrs jgksxs rks tks ¼Qly½ rqe dkVks ml ¼ds nkus½ dks ckfy;ksa esajgus nsuk ¼NqM+kuk ugha½ exj FkksM+k ¼cgqr½ tks rqe [kqn [kkvks ¼47½mlds ckn cM+s l[+r ¼[kq'd lkyh ¼lw[ks½ ds½ lkr cjl vk,Wxs fd tks dqN rqe yksxksa us mulkrksa lky ds okLrs igys tek dj j[kk gksxk lc [kk tk,Wxsa exj cgqr FkksM+k lk tks rqe ¼chtds okLrs½ cpk j[kksxs ¼48½¼cl½ fQj mlds ckn ,d lky vk,xk ftlesa yksxksa ds fy, [kwc esag cjlsxh ¼vkSj vaxwj Hkh[kwc Qysxk½ vkSj yksx ml lky ¼mUgsa½ Ójkc ds fy, fupksM+sxsa ¼49½¼;s rkchj lqurs gh½ ckn'kkg us gqDe fn;k fd ;wlqQ dks esjs gqt+wj esa rks ys vkvks fQj tc¼'kkgh½ pkScnkj ¼;s gqDe ysdj½ ;wlqQ ds ikl vk;k rks ;qlwQ us dgk fd rqe viuh ljdkj ds

ikl iyV tkvks vkSj muls iwNks fd ¼vki dks½ dqN mu vkSjrksa dk gky Hkh ekywe gS ftUgksus¼eq>s ns[k dj½ vius vius gkFk dkV Mkys Fks fd ;k eSa mudk rkfyc Fkk ¼50½;k og ¼esjh½ blesa rks Ód gh ugha fd esjk ijojfnxkj gh muds eØ ls [kw+c okfd+Q gS pqukUpsckn'kkg us ¼mu vkSjrksa dks ryc fd;k½ vkSj iwNk fd ftl oD+r rqe yksxksa us ;wlqQ ls viukeryc gkfly djus dh [kqn mu ls reUuk dh Fkh rks gesa D;k ekeyk is'k vk;k Fkk og lcdh lc vtZ+ djus yxh gk'kk vYykg geus ;wlqQ esa rks fdlh rjg dh cqjkbZ ugha ns[kh ¼rc½vt+ht+ feò dh chch ¼t+qys[k+k½ cksy mBh vc rw Bhd Bhd gky lc ij t+kfgj gks gh x;k¼vly ckr ;s gS fd½ eSus [kqn mlls viuk eryc gkfly djus dh reUuk dh Fkh vkSj cs'kdog ;d+huu lPpk gS ¼51½¼;s okfd+;k pkScnkj us ;wlqQ ls c;ku fd;k ¼;wlqQ us dgk½ ;s fd+Lls eSus blfy, NsM+k½ rkfdrqEgkjs ckn'kkg dks ekywe gks tk, fd eSus vt+ht+ dh x+Scr esa mldh ¼vekur esa [+k;kur ughadh½ vkSj [+k+qnk [+k;kur djus okyksa dh eDdkjh gjfxt+ pyus ugha nsrk ¼52½vkSj ¼;wW rks½ eS Hkh vius ul dks xqukgks ls cs ykSl ugha dgrk gw¡ D;ksafd ¼eSa Hkh c'kj gw¡ vkSjul cjkcj cqjkbZ dh rjQ mHkkjrk gh gS exj ftl ij esjk ijojfnxkj jge Qjek, ¼vkSj xqukgls cpk,½ ¼53½blesa Ód ugha fd esjk ijojfnxkj cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS vkSj ckn'kkg us gqDe fn;k fd;wlqQ dks esjs ikl ys vkvks rks eSa mudks vius t+krh dke ds fy, [k+kl dj ywWxk fQj mlus;wlqQ ls ckrsa dh rks ;wlqQ dh vkyk d+kcfy;r lkfcr gq;h ¼vkSj½ mlus gqDe fn;k fd rqevkt ¼ls½ gekjs ljdkj esa ;d+hu ckod+kj ¼vkSj½ eqvrcj gks ¼54½;wlqQ us dgk ¼tc vius esjh d+nj dh gS rks½ eq>s eqYdh [k+t+kuksa ij eqd+jZj dhft, D;ksafd eSa¼mldk½ vekurnkj [k+t+kUph ¼vkSj½ mlds fglkc o fdrkc ls Hkh okfd+Q gw¡ ¼55½¼x+jt+ ;wlqQ Ókgh [k+t+kuks ds vQlj eqd+jZj gq,½ vkSj geus ;wlqQ dks ;wW eqYd ¼feò½ ij d+kfct+cuk fn;k fd mlesa tgk¡ pkgsa jgsa ge ftl ij pkgrs gSa viuk Qt+y djrs gSa vkSj geus usdksdkjks ds vtz dks vdkjr ugha djrs ¼56½vkSj tks yksx beku yk, vkSj ijgst+xkjh djrs jgs muds fy, vkf[k+jr dk vtz mlh ls dghcsgrj gS ¼57½¼vkSj pwWfd duvku esa Hkh dgr ¼lw[kk½ Fkk bl otg ls½ ;wlqQ ds ¼lkSrsys HkkbZ x+Yyk [k+jhnus

dks feò esa½ vk, vkSj ;wlqQ ds ikl x, rks mudks QkSju gh igpku fy;k vkSj og yksx mudksu igpku lds ¼58½vkSj tc ;wlqQ us muds ¼x+Yys dk½ lkeku nq:Lr dj fn;k vkSj og tkus yxs rks ;wlqQ+ us¼muls dgk½ fd ¼vcdh vkuk rks½ vius lkSrsys HkkbZ dks ¼ftls ?kj NksM+ vk, gks½ esjs ikl ysrsvkuk D;k rqe ugha ns[krs fd eS ;d+huu uki Hkh iwjh nsrk gwW vkSj cgqr vPNk esgeku uokt+ Hkhgw¡ ¼59½il vxj rqe mldks esjs ikl u ykvksxs rks rqEgkjs fy, u esjs ikl dqN u dqN ¼x+Yyk ox+Sjg½gksxk ¼60½u rqe yksx esjs d+jhc gh p

tc rqe [kqn f?kj tkvks rks etcwjh gS ojuk eS rqEgkjs lkFk gjfxt+ mldks u HkstwWxk fQj tc muyksxksa us muds lkeus ,gn dj fy;k rks ;kd+wc us dgk fd ge yksx tks dg jgs gSa vYykgmldk t+kfeu gS ¼66½vkSj ;kd+wc us ¼ulhgru pyrs oD+r csVks ls½ dgk ,s Qjt+Unksa ¼ns[kks [k+cjnkj½ lc ds lc ,dgh njokts+ ls u nkf[k+y gksuk ¼fd dgha ut+j u yx tk,½ vkSj eqrkQfjd+ ¼vyx vyx½ njokt+ksals nkf[k+y gksuk vkSj eS rqels ¼ml ckr dks tks½ vYykg dh rjQ ls ¼vk,½ dqN Vky Hkh ughaldrk gqDe rks ¼vkSj vlyh½ vYykg gh ds okLrs gS eSus mlh ij Hkjkslk fd;k gS vkSj Hkjkslkdjus okyksa dks mlh ij Hkjkslk djuk pkfg, ¼67½vkSj tc ;s lc HkkbZ ftl rjg muds okfyn us gqDe fn;k Fkk mlh rjg ¼feò esa½ nkf[k+y gq,exj tks gqDe vYykg dh rjQ ls vkus dks Fkk mls ;kd+wc dqN Hkh Vky ugha ldrs Fks exj¼gk¡½ ;kd+wc ds fny esa ,d reUuk Fkh ftls mUgksaus Hkh ;wW iwjk dj fy;k D;ksafd bles rks Ódugha fd mls pwWfd geus rkyhe nh Fkh lkfgcs bYe t+#j Fkk exj cgqrsjs yksx ¼mlls Hkh½ okfd+Qugha ¼68½vkSj tc ;s yksx ;wlqQ ds ikl igq¡ps rks ;wlqQ us vius gd+hd+h ¼lxs½ HkkbZ dks vius ikl¼cx+y esa½ txg nh vkSj ¼pqids ls½ ml ¼bCus ;kehu½ ls dg fn;k fd eS rqEgkjk HkkbZ ¼;wlqQ½gw¡ rks tks dqN ¼cnlqywfd;k¡½ ;s yksx rqEgkjs lkFk djrs jgs gSa mldk jat u djks ¼69½fQj tc ;wlqQ us mu dk lkt+ks lkeku lQj x+Yyk ¼ox+Sjg½ nq#Lr djk fn;k rks vius HkkbZ dsvlckc esa ikuh ihus dk dVksjk ¼;wlqQ ds b'kkjs½ ls j[kok fn;k fQj ,d equknh yydkj dscksyk fd ,s d+kfQ+ys okyksa ¼gks u gks½ ;d+huu rqEgh yksx t+#j pksj gks ¼70½;s lqu dj ;s yksx iqdkjus okyksa dh rjQ fHkM+ iM+s vkSj dgus yxs ¼vkf[k+j½ rqEgkjh D;k pht+xqe gks xbZ gS ¼71½mu yksxksa us tokc fn;k fd gesa ckn'kkg dk I;kyk ugha feyrk gS vkSj eS mldk t+kfeu gw¡ fdtks Ó[+l mldks yk gkft+j djsxk mldks ,d Å¡V ds cks> cjkcj ¼x+Yyk buke½ feysxk ¼72½rc ;s yskx dgus yxs vYykg dh d+le rqe rks tkurs gks fd ¼rqEgkjs½ e+qYd esa ge Qlkn djusdh x+jt+ ls ugha vk, Fks vkSj ge yksx rks dqN pksj rks gSa ugha ¼73½rc og eqykft+ehu cksys fd vxj rqe >wBs fudys rks fQj pksj dh D;k lt+k gksxh ¼74½

¼os /kM+d½ cksy mBs fd mldh lt+k ;s gS fd ftlds cksjs esa og ¼eky½ fudys rks ogh mldkcnyk gS ¼rks og eky ds cnys esa x+qyke cuk fy;k tk,½ ¼75½ge yksx rks ¼vius ;gk¡½ t+kfyeksa ¼pksjksa½ dks blh rjg lt+k fn;k djrs gSa x+jt+ ;wlqQ us viusHkkbZ dk FkSyk [kksyus us ls d+Cy nwljs Hkkb;ksa ds FkSyksa ls ¼ryk'kh½ Óq# dh mlds ckn ¼vkf[k+jesa½ ml I;kys dks ;wlqQ us vius HkkbZ ds FkSys ls cjken fd;k ;wlqQ dks HkkbZ ds jksdus dh geus;w rnchj crkb ojuk ¼ckn'kkg feò½ ds d+kuwu ds eqokfQd+ vius HkkbZ dks jksd ugha ldrs Fksexj gk¡ tc vYykg pkgs ge ftls pkgrs gSa mlds ntsZ cqyUn dj nsrs gSa vkSj ¼nqfu;k esa½ gjlkgcs bYe ls cs btkt+r ¼u½ nsa ;k [kqn vYykg eq>sdksbZ gqDe ¼u½ ns eS ml lj t+ehu ls gjfxt+ u gVwWxk vkSj vYykg rks lc gqDe nsus okyks lsdgha csgrj gS ¼80½rqe yksx vius okfyn ds ikl iyV ds tkvks vkSj muls tkdj vt+Z djks ,s vCck vidslkgct+kns us pksjh dh vkSj ge yksxksa us rks viuh le> ds eqrkfcd+ ¼mlds ys vkus dk ,gnfd;k Fkk vkSj ge dqN ¼vt+Z½ x+Sch ¼vkQr½ ds fuxsgcku Fks ugha ¼81½

vkSj vki bl cLrh ¼feò½ ds yksxksa ls ftlesa ge yksx Fks nj;k+r dj yhft, vkSj bl d+kQysls Hkh ftlesa vk, gSa ¼iwN yhft,½ vkSj ge ;d+huu fcYdqy lPps gSa ¼82½¼x+jt+ tc mu yksxksa us tkdj c;ku fd;k rks½ ;kd+wc u dgk ¼mlus pksjh ugha dh½ cfYd ;sckr rqeus vius fny ls xs½mEehn gS fd esjs lc ¼yM+dksa½ dks esjs ikl igq¡pk ns cs'kd og cM+k okfdQ+ dkj gdhe gS¼83½vkSj ;kd+wc us mu yksxksa dh rjQ ls eq¡g Qsj fy;k vkSj ¼jksdj½ dgus yxs gk, vQlksl ;wlqQij vkSj ¼bl d+nj jks, fd½ mudh vk¡[ksa lnes ls lQsn gks xbZ og rks cM+s jat ds t+kfcr¼>syus okys½ Fks ¼84½¼;s ns[kdj muds csVs½ dgus yxs fd vki rks ges'kk ;wlqQ dks ;kn gh djrs jfg,xk ;gk¡ rdfd chekj gks tk,xk ;k tku gh ns nhft,xk ¼85½;kd+wc us dgk ¼eS rqels dqN ugha dgrk½ eSa rks viuh csd+jkjh o jat dh f'kdk;r vYykg ghls djrk gw¡ vkSj vYykg dh rjQ ls tks ckrsa eS tkurk gw¡ rqe ugha tkurs gks ¼86½,s esjh Qjt+Un ¼,d ckj fQj feò½ tkvks vkSj ;wlqQ vkSj mlds HkkbZ dks ¼ftl rjg cus½

og yksx dgus yxs vYykg dh d+le rqEgsa vYykg us ;d+huu ge ij Qt+hyr nh gS vkSj cs'kdge gh ;d+huu ¼vt+ljrkik½ [k+rkokj Fks ¼91½;wlqQ us dgk vc vkt ls rqe ij dqN bYt+ke ugha vYykg rqEgkjs xqukg ekQ Qjek, og rkslcls T+;knk jghe gS ;s esjk dqrkZ ys tkvks ¼92½vkSj mldks vCck tku ds psgjs ij Mky nsuk fd og fQj chuk gks tk,Wxsa ¼ns[kus yxsaxs½ vkSjrqe yksx vius lc yM+ds ckyksa dks ysdj esjs ikl pys vkvks ¼93½vkSj tks gh ;s dkfQ+yk feò ls pyk Fkk fd mu yksxksa ds okfyn ¼;kd+wc½ us dgk fn;k Fkk fdvxj eq>s lfB;k ;k gqvk u dgks rks ckr dgw¡ fd eq>s ;wlqQ dh cw ekywe gks jgh gS ¼94½og yksx dqucs okys ¼iksrs ox+Sjkg½ dgus yxs vki ;d+huu vius iqjkus [k+;ky ¼eksgCcr½ esa ¼iM+sgq,½ gSa ¼95½fQj ¼;wlqQ dh½ [kq'k[kcjh nsus okyk vk;k vkSj muds dqrsZ dks muds psgjs ij Mky fn;k rks;kd+wc QkSju fQj nksckjk vk¡[k okys gks x, ¼rc ;kd+wc us csVksa ls½ dgk D;ksa eS rqels u dgrkFkk tks ckrsa [kq+nk dh rjQ ls eS tkurk gw¡ rqe ugha tkurs ¼96½mu yksxksa us vt+Z dh ,s vCck gekjs xqukgksa dh ex+fQjr dh ¼vYykg dh ckjxkg esa½ gekjs okLrsnqvk ekWfx, ge cs'kd vt+ljrkik xqusgxkj gSa ¼97½;kd+wc us dgk eS cgqr tYn vius ijojfnxkj ls rqEgkjh ex+fQjr dh nqvk d#xk¡ cs'kd og cM+kc[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼98½¼x+jt+½ tc fQj ;s yksx ¼e; ;kdw+c ds½ pys vkSj ;wlqQ Ógj ds ckgj ysus vk, rks tc ;syksx ;wlqQ ds ikl igq¡ps rks ;wlqQ us vius ek¡ cki dks vius ikl txg nh vkSj ¼muls½ dgkfd vc bU'kk vYykg cM+s bRfeuku ls feò esa pfy, ¼99½¼x+jt+½ igq¡pdj ;wlqQ us vius ek¡ cki dks r[+r ij fcBk;k vkSj lc ds lc ;wlqQ dh rkt+heds okLrs muds lkeus ltns esa fxj iM+s ¼ml oD+r½ ;wlqQ us dgk ,s vCck ;s rkchj gS esjs mligys [+okc dh fd esjs ijojfnxkj us mls lp dj fn[kk;k cs'kd mlus esjs lkFk ,glku fd;ktc mlus eq>s d+Sn [k+kus ls fudkyk vkSj ckotwn fd eq> esa vkSj esjs HkkbZ;ksa esa ÓSrku us QlknMky fn;k Fkk mlds ckn Hkh vki yksxksa dks xk¡o ls ¼'kgj esa½ ys vk;k ¼vkSj eq>ls feyk fn;k½

cs'kd esjk ijojfnxkj tks dqN djrk gS mldh rn~chj [kwc tkurk gS cs'kd og cM+k okfdQdkjgdhe gS ¼100½¼mlds ckn ;wlqQ us nqvk dh ,s ijojfnxkj rwus eq>s eqYd Hkh vrk Qjek;k vkSj eq>s [okc dhckrksa dh rkchj Hkh fl[kkbZ ,s vkleku vkSj t+ehu ds iSnk djus okys rw gh esjk ekfyd ljijLrgS nqfu;k esa Hkh vkSj vkf[k+jr esa Hkh rw eq>s ¼nqfu;k ls½ eqlyeku mBk;s vkSj eq>s usdks dkjksa esaÓkfey Qjek ¼101½¼,s jlwy½ ;s fdLlk x+Sc dh [k+cjksa esa ls gS ftls ge rqEgkjs ikl ogh ds t+fj, Hkstrs gSa ¼vkSjrqEgsa ekywe gksrk gS ojuk ftl oD+r ;wlqQ ds HkkbZ ckge vius dke dk e'kojk dj jgs Fks vkSj¼gykd dh½ rnchjs dj jgs Fks ¼102½rqe muds ikl ekStwn u Fks vkSj fdrus gh pkgks exj cgqrsjs yksx beku ykus okys ugha gSa ¼103½gkykWfd rqe muls ¼rcyhxs+ fjlkyr dk½ dksbZ flyk ugha ekWxrs vkSj ;s ¼d+qjku½ rks lkjs tgk¡u dsokLrs ulhgr ¼gh ulhgr½ gS ¼104½vkSj vklekuksa vkSj t+ehu esa ¼vYykg dh d+qnjr dh½ fdruh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ftu ij ;s yksx ¼fnujkr½ x+qt+kjk djrs gSa vkSj mlls eq¡g Qsjs jgrs gSa ¼105½vkSj vDlj yksxksa dh ;s gkyr gS fd og vYykg ij beku rks ugha ykrs exj f'kdZ fd, tkrsgSa ¼106½rks D;k ;s yksx bl ckr ls eqrebu gks cSBssa gSa fd mu ij vYykg dk vt+kc vk iM+s tks muij Nk tk, ;k mu ij vpkud d+;ker gh vk tk, vkSj mudks dqN [k+cj Hkh u gks ¼107½¼,s jlwy½ mu ls dg nks fd esjk rjhdk rks ;s gS fd eS ¼yksxksa½ dks vYykg dh rjQ cqykrkgw¡ eSa vkSj esjk iSjo ¼ihNs pyus okys½ ¼nksuksa½ et+cwr nyhy ij gSa vkSj vYykg ¼gj ,sc ouqd+l ls½ ikd o ikdht+k gS vkSj eS eq'kjsdhu ls ugha gw¡ ¼108½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqels igys Hkh ge xk¡o gh ds jgus okys dqN enksZa dks ¼iSx+Ecj cukdj½ Hkstkfd, gS fd ge mu ij ogh ukft+y djrs Fks rks D;k ;s yksx #, t+ehu ij pys fQjs ugha fdx+kSj djrs fd tks yksx muls igys gks xqt+js gSa mudk vUtke D;k gqvk vkSj ftu yksxksa usijgst+xkjh ,[+rs;kj dh muds fy, vkf[k+jr dk ?kj ¼nqfu;k ls½ ;d+huu dgha T;knk csgrj gS D;k;s yksx ugha le>rs ¼109½

igys ds iSx+Ecjks us rcyhx+s fjlkyr ;gk¡ od fd tc ¼d+kSe ds beku ykus ls½ iSx+Ecj ek;wl gksx, vkSj mu yksxksa us le> fy;k fd og >qByk, x, rks muds ikl gekjh ¼[k+kl½ enn vkigq¡ph rks ftls geus pkgk utkr nh vkSj gekjk vt+kc xqusgxkj yksxksa ds lj ls rks Vkyk ughatkrk ¼110½blesa Ód ugha fd mu yksxksa ds fdLlksa esa vd+yeUnksa ds okLrs ¼vPNh [k+klh½ bcjr ¼o ulhgr½gS ;s ¼d+qjku½ dksbZ ,slh ckr ugha gS tks ¼[okgkek [okg½ x

13 lwjg jknlwjg jkn eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh rsrkyhl ¼43½ vk;rs gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvfyQ+ yke ehe jk ;s fdrkc ¼d+qjku½ dh vk;rsa gS vkSj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls tks dqNrqEgkjs ikl ukft+y fd;k x;k gS fcYdqy Bhd gS exj cgqrsjs yksx bZeku ugha ykrs ¼1½vYykg ogh rks gS ftlus vklekuksa dks ftUgsa rqe ns[krs gks cx+Sj lqrwu ¼[kEcksa½ ds mBkdj [kM+kdj fn;k fQj v'kZ ¼ds cukus½ ij vkeknk gqvk vkSj lwjt vkSj pk¡n dks ¼viuk½ rkcsnkj cuk;kfd gj ,d oD+r eqd+jZjk rd pyk djrs gS oghas ¼nqfu;k ds½ gj ,d dke dk bUrst+ke djrk gSvkSj blh x+jt+ ls fd rqe yksx vius ijojfnxkj ds lkeus gkft+j gksus dk ;d+hu djks ¼2½¼viuh½ vk;rsa rQlhynkj c;ku djrk gS vkSj og ogh gS ftlus t+ehu dks fcNk;k vkSj mlesa¼cM+s cM+s½ vVy igkM+ vkSj nfj;k cuk, vkSj mlus gj rjg ds esoksa dh nks nks fdLesa iSnk dh¼tSls [kês ehBs½ ogh jkr ¼ds ijns½ ls fnu dks

fu'kkuh ¼gekjh et+hZ ds eqrkfcd+½ D;ksa ugha ukft+y dh tkrh ,s jlwy rqe rks flQZ ¼[k+kSQs [+k+qnkls½ Mjkus okys gks ¼7½vkSj gj d+kSe ds fy, ,d fgnk;r djus okyk gS gj eknk tks fd isV esa fy, gq, gS vkSjmldks [+k+qnk gh tkurk gS o cPpk nkfu;ksa dk ?kVuk cxM+s djrs gSa gkykWfd og cM+k l[+r d+wor okyk gS ¼13½¼eqlhcr ds oD+r½ mlh dk ¼iqdkjuk½ Bhd iqdkjuk gS vkSj tks yksx mls NksM+dj ¼nwljksa dks½iqdkjrs gSa og rks mudh dqN lqurs rd ugha exj ftl rjg dksbZ Ó[+l ¼cx+Sj mWxfy;k¡ feyk,½viuh nksuksa gFksfy;k¡ ikuh dh rjQ QSyk, rkfd ikuh mlds eq¡g esa igq¡p tk, gkykWfd og fdlhrjg igq¡pus okyk ugha vkSj ¼blh rjg½ dkfQjksa dh nqvk xqejkgh esa ¼iM+h cgdh fQjk djrh gS½¼14½vkSj vklekuksa vkSj t+ehu esa ¼e[k+ywd+kr ls½ tks dksbZ Hkh gS [kq'kh ls ;k t+cjnLrh lc ¼vYykgds vkxs lj cltwn gSa vkSj ¼blh rjg½ muds lk, Hkh lqcg o Óke ¼ltnk djrs gSa½ ¼15½ltnk 2

¼,s jlwy½ rqe iwNks fd ¼vkf[k+j½ vkleku vkSj t+ehu dk ijojfnxkj dkSu gS ¼;s D;k tokc nsxsa½rqe dg nks fd vYykg gS ¼;s Hkh dg nks fd D;k rqeus mlds flok nwljs dkjlkt+ cuk j[ks gSatks vius fy, vki u rks uQs+ ij d+kcw j[krs gSa u t+jj ¼uqdlku½ ij ¼;s Hkh rks½ iwNks fdHkyk ¼dgha½ vU/kk vkSj vk¡[kksa okyk cjkcj gks ldrk gS ¼gjfxt+ ugha½ ¼;k dgha½ va/ksjk vkSjmtkyk cjkcj gks ldrk gS ¼gjfxt+ ugha½ bu yksxksa us [+k+qnk ds dqN Ójhd+ Bgjk j[ks gSa D;kmUgksuas vYykg gh dh lh e[k+ywd+ iSnk dj j[kh gS ftuds lcc e[k+ywdkr mu ij eq'krck gksxbZ gS ¼vkSj mudh [kqnkbZ ds d+k;y gks x,½ rqe dg nks fd vYykg gh gj pht+ dk iSnk djusokyk vkSj ogh ;drk vkSj flij ¼lc ij½ x+kfyc gS ¼16½mlh us vkleku ls ikuh cjlk;k fQj vius vius vUnkt+s ls ukys cg fudys fQj ikuh ds jsysij ¼tks'k [kkdj½ Qwyk gqvk >kx ¼Qsu½ vk x;k vkSj ml pht+ ¼/kkrq½ ls Hkh ftls ;s yksxt+soj ;k dksbZ vlckc cukus dh x+jt+ ls vkx esa rikrs gSa blh rjg Qsu vk tkrk gS ¼fQjvyx gks tkrk gS½ ;wW vYykg gd+ o ckfry dh elys c;ku Qjekrk gS ¼fd ikuh gd+ dhfelky vkSj Qsu ckfry dh½ x+jt+ Qsu rks [kq'd gksdj x+k;c gks tkrk gS ftlls yksxksa dks uQkigq¡prk gS ¼ikuh½ og t+ehu esa Bgjk jgrk gS ;wW vYykg ¼yksxksa ds le>kus ds okLrs½ elysc;ku Qjekrk gS ¼17½ftu yksxksa us vius ijojfnxkj dk dguk ekuk muds fy, cgqr csgrjh gS vkSj ftu yksxksa usmldk dgk u ekuk ¼d+;ker esa mudh ;s gkyr gksxh½ fd vxj mUgsa #, t+ehu ds lc [k+t+kuscfYd mlds lkFk bruk vkSj fey tk, rks ;s yksx viuh utkr ds cnys mldks ¼;s [kq'kh½ nsMkysa ¼exj fQj Hkh dksbZ Qk;nk ugha½ ;gh yksx gSa ftuls cqjh rjg fglkc fy;k tk,xk vkSjvkf[k+j mu dk fBdkuk tgUuqe gS vkSj og D;k cqjh txg gS ¼18½¼,s jlwy½ Hkyk og Ó[+l tks ;s tkurk gS fd tks dqN rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls rqe ijukft+y gqvk gS fcYdqy Bhd gS dHkh ml Ó[+l ds cjkcj gks ldrk gS tks eqRrfyd+ ¼iwjk½ va/kkgS ¼gjfxt+ ugha½ ¼19½blls rks cl dqN le>nkj yksx gh ulhgr gkfly djrs gSa og yksx gS fd vYykg ls tks ,gnfd;k mls iwjk djrs gSa vkSj vius iSeku dks ugha rksM+rs ¼20½¼;s½ og yksx gSa fd ftu ¼rkYyqd+kr½ ds d+k;e j[kus dk vYykg us gqDe fn;k mUgsa d+k;ej[krs gSa vkSj vius ijojfnxkj ls Mjrs gSa vkSj ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ cqjh rjg fglkc fy, tkus ls[k+kSQ [kkrs gSa ¼21½

vkSj ¼;s½ og yksx gSa tks vius ijojfnxkj dh [kq'kuwnh gkfly djus dh x+jt+ ls ¼tks eqlhcr muij iM+h gS½ >sy x, vkSj ikcUnh ls uekt+ vnk dh vkSj tks dqN geus mUgsa jkst+h nh Fkh mlesaals fNikdj vkSj [kqy dj vYykg dh jkg essa [kpZ fd;k vkSj ;s yksx cqjkbZ dks Hkh HkykbZ lnQk djrs gSa &;gh yksx gSa ftuds fy, vkf[k+jr dh [kwch e[k+lwl gS ¼22½¼;kfu½ ges'kk jgus ds ckx+ ftuesa og vki tk,Wxs vkSj muds cki] nknkvksa] chfo;ksa vkSj mudhvkSykn esa ls tks yksx usdks dkj gS ¼og lc Hkh½ vkSj Qfj'rs csg'r ds gj njokts+ ls mudsikl vk,xsa ¼23½vkSj lyke vySdqe ¼ds ckn dgsxsa½ fd ¼nqfu;k es a½ rqeus lcz fd;k ¼;s mlh dk flyk gS ns[kks½rks vkf[k+jr dk ?kj dSlk vPNk gS ¼24½vkSj tks yksx vYykg ls ,gn o iSeku dks iDdk djus ds ckn rksM+ Mkyrs gSa vkSj ftu¼rkyqdkr ckgeh½ ds d+k;e j[kus dk vYykg us gqDe fn;k gS mUgsa d+rvk ¼rksM+rs½ djrs gSa vkSj#, t+ehu ij Q+lkn QSykrs fQjrs gSa ,sls gh yksx gSa ftuds fy, ykur gS vkSj ,sls gh yksxksa dsokLrs cM+k ?kj ¼tgUuqe½ gS ¼25½vkSj vYykg gh ftlds fy, pkgrk gS jkst+h dks c

fljs ls½ vYykg gh ds eqfUdj gSa rqe dg nks fd ogh esjk ijojfnxkj gS mlds flok dksbZ ekcwnugha eS mlh ij Hkjkslk j[krk gw¡ vkSj mlh rjQ #t+w djrk gw¡ ¼30½vkSj vxj dksbZ ,slk d+qjku ¼Hkh ukft+y gskrk½ ftldh cjdr ls igkM+ ¼viuh txg½ py [kM+sgksrs ;k mldh otg ls t+ehu ¼dh eqlkQ+r ¼nwjh½ r; dh tkrh vkSj mldh cjdr ls eqnsZ cksymBrs ¼rks Hkh ;s yksx ekuus okys u Fks½ cfYd lp ;w¡ gS fd lc dke dk ,[+rs;kj vYykg ghdks gS rks D;k vHkh rd bekunkjksa dks pSu ugha vk;k fd vxj vYykg pkgrk rks lc yksxksa dhfgnk;r dj nsrk vkSj ftu yksxksa us dqÝ ,[+rs;kj fd;k mu ij mudh djrwr dh lt+k esa dksbZ¼u dksbZ½ eqlhcr iM+rh gh jgsxh ;k ¼mu ij iM+h½ rks muds ?kjksa ds vkl ikl ¼x+jt+½ ukft+ygksxh ¼t+#j½ ;gk¡ rd fd vYykg dk ok;nk ¼Qrsg eDdk½ iwjk gks dj jgs vkSj blesa Ód ughafd vYykg gjfxt+ f[+kykQ+s ok;nk ugha djrk ¼31½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqels igys Hkh cgqrsjs iSx+Ecjksa dh gWlh mM+kbZ tk pqdh gS rks eSus ¼pUn jkst+½dkfQjksa dks eksgyr nh fQj ¼vkf[k+j dkj½ geus mUgsa ys Mkyk fQj ¼rw D;k iwNrk gS fd½ gekjkvt+kc dSlk Fkk ¼32½D;k tks ¼vYykg½ gj ,d Ó[+l ds vkeky dh [k+cj j[krk gS ¼mudks ;wW gh NksM+ nsxk gjfxt+ugha½ vkSj mu yksxksa us vYykg ds ¼nwljs nwljs½ Ójhd Bgjk, ¼,s jlwy rqe muls dg nks fd rqevkf[k+j muds uke rks crkvksa ;k rqe vYykg dks ,sls Ójhd+ks dh [k+cj nsrs gks ftudks og tkurkrd ugha fd og t+ehu esa ¼fd/kj clrs½ gSa ;k ¼fujh Åij ls ckrs a cukrs gSa cfYd ¼vly ;s gSfd½ dkfQjksa dks mudh eDdkfj;k¡ Hkyh fn[kkbZ xbZ gS vkSj og ¼xks;k½ jkgs jkLr ls jksd fn, x,gSa vkSj ftl Ó[+l dks vYykg xqejkgh esa NksM+ ns rks mldk dksbZ fgnk;r djus okyk ugha ¼33½bu yksxksa ds okLrs nqfu;koh ft+Unxh esa ¼Hkh½ vt+kc gS vkSj vkf[k+jr dk vt+kc rks ;d+huh vkSjcgqr l[+r [kqyus okyk gS ¼vkSj½ ¼fQj½ vYykg ¼ds x+t+c½ ls mudks dksbZ cpkus okyk ¼Hkh½ ugha¼34½ftl ckx+ ¼csg'r½ dk ijgst+xkjksa ls ok;nk fd;k x;k gS mldh flQr ;s gS fd mlds uhps ugjsatkjh gksxh mlds esos lnkcgkj vkSj ,sls gh mldh NkWo Hkh ;s vUtke gS mu yksxksa dks tks¼nqfu;k esa½ ijgst+xkj Fks vkSj dkfQjksa dk vUtke ¼tgUuqe dh½ vkx gS ¼35½vkSj ¼, jlwy½ ftu yksxksa dks geus fdrkc nh gS og rks tks ¼,gdke½ rqEgkjs ikl ukft+y fd,x, gSa lc gh ls [kq'k gksrs gSa vkSj ckt+ fQjds+ mldh ckrksa ls bUdkj djrs gSa rqe ¼muls½ dgnks fd ¼rqe ekuks ;k u ekuks½ eq>s rks ;s gqDe fn;k x;k gS fd eS vYykg gh dh bcknr d#ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss

--+vkSj fdlh dks mldk Ójhd u cukÅ eS ¼lc dks½ mlh dh rjQ cqykrk gw¡ vkSj gj Ó[+l dksfgj fQj dj mldh rjQ tkuk gS ¼36½vkSj ;w¡ geus ml d+qjku dks vjch ¼t+cku½ dk Qjeku ukft+y Qjek;k vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ vxj dgharqeus blds ckn dks rqEgkjs ikl bYe ¼d+qjku½ vk pqdk mu dh uQfl;kuh [+okfg'kksa dh iSjoh djyh rks ¼;kn j[kks fd½ fQj vYykg dh rjQ ls u dksbZ rqEgkjk ljijLr gksxk u dksbZ cpkusokyk ¼37½vkSj geus rqels igys vkSj ¼Hkh½ cgqrsjs iSx+Ecj Hksts vkSj geus mudks chfo;k¡ Hkh nh vkSj vkSykn¼Hkh vrk dh½ vkSj fdlh iSx+Ecj dh ;s etky u Fkh fd dksbZ ekSftt+k vYykg dh btkt+r dscxSj yk fn[kk, gj ,d oD+r ¼ekSÅn½ ds fy, ¼gekjs ;gk¡½ ,d ¼fd+Le dh½ rgjhj ¼gksrh½ gS¼38½fQj blesa ls vYykg ftldks pkgrk gS feVk nsrk gS vkSj ¼ftldks pkgrk gS ckd+h j[krk gS vkSjmlds ikl vly fdrkc ¼ykSgs egQwt+½ ekStwn gS ¼39½vkSj ¼, jlwy½ tks tks ok;ns ¼vt+kc oxS+jg ds½ ge mu dqQkjksa ls djrs gSa pkgs] muesa ls ckt+rqEgkjs lkeus iwjs dj fn[kk,¡ ;k rqEgsa mlls igys mBk ysa cgj gky rqe ij rks flQZ ,gdke dkigqpk nsuk QtZ+ gS ¼40½vkSj muls fglkc ysuk gekjk dke gS D;k mu yksxksa us ;s ckr u ns[kh fd ge t+ehu dks¼Q+qrqgkrs bLyke ls½ mlds reke ,rjkQ ¼pkjks vksj½ ls ¼lokg dqÝ esa½ ?kVkrs pys vkrs gSa vkSjvYykg tks pkgrk gS gqDe nsrk gS mlds gqDe dk dksbZ Vkyus okyk ugha vkSj cgqr tYn fglkcysus okyk gS ¼41½vkSj tks yksx mu ¼dqQkj eDds½ ls igys gks xqt+js gSa mu yksxksa us Hkh iSx+Ecjksa dh eq[k+kyQr esacM+h cM+h rnchjs dh rks ¼[k+kd u gks ldk D;ksafd½ lc rnchjs rks vYykg gh ds gkFk esa gSa tksÓ[+l tks dqN djrk gS og mls [kwc tkurk gS vkSj vud+jhc dqQkj dks Hkh ekywe gks tk,xkfd vkf[k+jr dh [kwch fdl ds fy, gS ¼42½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ dkfQj yksx dgrs gSa fd rqe iSx+Ecj ugh gks rks rqe ¼muls½ dg nks fd esjs vkSj

qEgkjs njfE;ku esjh fjlkyr dh xokgh ds okLrs vYykg vkSj og Ó[+l ftlds ikl ¼vklekuh½fdrkc dk bYe gS dkQh gS ¼43½

14 lwjg bcjkghelwjg bcjkghe eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj blesa ckou ¼52½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvfyQ+ yke jk ,s jlwy ;s ¼d+qjku og½ fdrkc gS ftldksa geus rqEgkjs ikl blfy, ukft+y fd;kgS fd rqe yksxksa dks ijojfnxkj ds gqDe ls ¼dqÝ dh½ rkjhdh ls ¼beku dh½ jkS'kuh esa fudkyykvks x+jt+ mldh jkg ij ykvks tks lc ij x+kfyc vkSj lt+kokj gEn gS ¼1½og vYykg dks dqN vklekuksa esa vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS ¼x+jt+ lc dqN½ mlh dk gS vkSj¼vkf[k+jr esa½ dkfQjksa dks fy, tks l[+r vt+kc ¼eqg¸;k fd;k x;k½ gS vQlksl ukd gS ¼2½og dqQkj tks nqfu;k dh ¼pUn jkst+k½ ft+Unxh dks vkf[k+jr ij rjthg nsrs gSa vkSj ¼yksxksa½ dksvYykg dh jkg ¼ij pyus½ ls jksdrs gSa vkSj blesa [+okg ek [+okg dt+h iSnk djuk pkgrs gSa;gh yksx cM+s iYys ntsZ dh xqejkgh esa gSa ¼3½vkSj geus tc dHkh dksbZ iSx+Ecj Hkstk rks mldh d+kSe dh t+cku esa ckrsa djrk gqvk ¼rkfd mldslkeus ¼gekjs ,gd+ke½ c;ku dj lds rks ;gh vYykg ftls pkgrk gS xqejkgh esa NksM+ nsrk gSvkSj ftl dh pkgrk gS fgnk;r djrk gS ogh lc ij x+kfyc fgder okyk gS ¼4½vkSj geus ewlk dks viuh fu'kkfu;k¡ nsdj Hkstk ¼vkSj ;s gqDe fn;k½ fd viuh d+kSe dks ¼dqÝdh½ rkfjfd;ksa ls ¼beku dh½ jkS'kuh esa fudky ykvks vkSj mUgsa vYykg ds ¼og½ fnu ;knfnykvks ¼ftuesa vYykg dh cM+h cM+h dqnjrsa t+kfgj gq;h½ blesa Ód ugha blesa reke lcz ÓqØdjus okyksa ds okLrs ¼dqnjrs vYykg dh½ cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼5½vkSj og ¼oD+r ;kn fnykvks½ tc ewlk us viuh d+kSe ls dgk fd vYykg us tks ,glku rqe ijfd, gSa mudks ;kn djks tc vdsys rqedks fQjvkÅu ds yksxksa ¼ds t+qYe½ ls utkr nh fd ogrqe dks cgqr cM+s cM+s nq[k ns ds lrkrs Fks rqEgkjk yM+dksa dks tckg dj Mkyrs Fks vkSj rqEgkjhvkSjrksa dks ¼viuh f[k+ner ds okLrs½ ftUnk jgus nsrs Fks vkSj blesa rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls¼rqEgkjk lcz dh½ cM+h ¼l[+r½ vkt+ekb'k Fkh ¼6½vkSj ¼og oD+r ;kn fnykvks½ tc rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us rqEgsa trk fn;k fd vxj ¼esjk½ ÓqØ

djksxsa rks eS ;d+huu rqe ij ¼usver dh½ T+;knrh d#¡xk vkSj vxj dgha rqeus uk'kqØh dh rks¼;kn j[kks fd½ ;d+huu esjk vt+kc l[+r gS ¼7½vkSj ewlk us ¼viuh d+kSe ls½ dg fn;k fd vxj vkSj ¼rqEgkjs lkFk½ ftrus #, t+ehu ij gSa lcds lc ¼feydj Hkh vYykg dh½ uk'kqØh djks rks vYykg ¼dks t+jk Hkh ijokg ugha D;ksafd ogrks fcYdqy½ cs fu;kt+ gS ¼8½vkSj gEn gS D;k rqEgkjs ikl mu yksxksa dh [k+cj ugha igq¡ph tks rqels igys Fks ¼tSls½ uwg dhd+kSe vkSj vkn o lewn vkSj ¼nwljs yksx½ tks muds ckn gq, ¼D;ksdj [+kcj gksrh½ mudks vYykgds flok dksbZ tkurk gh ugha muds ikl muds ¼oD+r ds½ iSx+Ecj ekSftt+s ysdj vk, ¼vkSj le>kusyxs½ rks mu yksxksa us mu iSx+Ecjksa ds gkFkksa dks muds eq¡g ij myVk ekj fn;k vkSj dgus yxs fdtks ¼gqDe ysdj½ rqe vYykg dh rjQ ls Hksts x, gks ge rks mldks ugha ekurs vkSj ftl¼nhu½ dh rjQ rqe gedks cqykrs gks cM+s xgjs Ód esa iM+s gS ¼9½¼rc½ muds iSx+Ecjksa us ¼muls½ dgk D;k rqe dks vYykg ds ckjs esa Ód gS tks lkjs vkleku ot+ehu dk iSnk djus okyk ¼vkSj½ og rqedks viuh rjQ cqykrk Hkh gS rks blfy, fd rqEgkjsxqukg ekQ dj ns vkSj ,d oD+r eqd+jZj rd rqedks ¼nqfu;k esa pSu ls½ jgus ns og yksx cksymBs fd rqe Hkh cl gekjs gh ls vkneh gks ¼vPNk½ vc le>s rqe ;s pkgrs gks fd ftu ekcwnksadh gekjs cki nknk ijlfr'k djrs Fks rqe gedks muls ckt+ j[kks vPNk vxj rqe lPps gks rksdksbZ lkQ [kqyk gqvk ljhgh ekSftt+k ges yk fn[kkvks ¼10½muds iSx+Ecjksa us muds tokc esa dgk fd blesa Ód ugha fd ge Hkh rqEgkjs gh ls vkneh gSa exjvYykg vius cUnksa esa ftl ij pkgrk gS viuk Qt+y ¼o dje½ djrk gS ¼vkSj½ fjlkyr vrkdjrk gS vkSj gekjs ,[+fr;kj es ;s ckr ugh fd cs gqDes vYykg ¼rqEgkjh Qjekb'k ds eqokfQd+½ge dksbZ ekSftt+k rqEgkjs lkeus yk ldsa vkSj vYykg gh ij lc bekunkjksa dks Hkjkslk j[kuk pkfg,¼11½vkSj gesa ¼vkf[k+j½ D;k gS fd ge ml ij Hkjkslk u djsa gkykWfd ges ¼futkr dh½ vklku jkgsafn[kkbZ vkSj tks rwus vft+;rsa gesa igq¡pkb ¼mu ij geus lcz fd;k vkSj vkbUnk Hkh lcz djsxsa vkSjroDdy Hkjkslk djus okyks dks vYykg gh ij roDdy djuk pkfg, ¼12½vkSj ftu yksxksa usa dqÝ ,[+fr;kj fd;k Fkk vius ¼oD+r ds½ iSx+Ecjksa ls dgus yxs ge rks rqedksviuh ljt+ehu ls t+#j fudky ckgj dj nsxsa ;gk¡ rd fd rqe fQj gekjs et+gc dh rjQ iyVvkvks&rks muds ijojfnxkj us mudh rjQ ogh Hksth fd rqe ?kcjkvksa ugha ge mu ljd'k yksxksadks t+#j cckZn djsxsa ¼13½

vkSj mudh gykdr ds ckn t+#j rqEgh dks bl ljt+ehu esa clk,xsa ;s ¼ok;nk½ egt+ ml Ó[+lls tks gekjh ckjxkg esa ¼vkeky dh tokc nsgh esa½ [kM+s gksus ls Mjs ¼14½vkSj gekjs vt+kc ls [k+kSQ [kk, vkSj mu iSx+Ecjksa ge ls viuh Qrsg dh nqvk ek¡xh ¼vkf[k+j ogiwjh gq;h½ ¼15½vkSj gj ,d ljd'k vnkor j[kus okyk gykd gqvk ¼;s rks mudh lt+k Fkh vkSj mlds ihNs ghihNs tgUuqe gS vkSj mlesa½ ls ihi ygw Hkjk gqvk ikuh ihus dks fn;k tk,xk ¼16½¼t+cjnLrh½ mls ?kw¡V ?k¡wV djds ihuk iM+sxk vkSj mls gyd+ ls vklkuh ls u mrkj ldsxk vkSj¼og eqlhcr gS fd½ mls gj rjQ ls ekSr gh ekSr vkrh fn[kkbZ nsrh gS gkykWfd og ekjs u ejldsxk&vkSj fQj mlds ihNs vt+kc l[+r gksxk ¼17½tks yksx vius ijojfnxkj ls dkfQj gks cSBs gSa mudh ely ,slh gS fd mudh dkjLrkfu;k¡ xks;k¼jk[k dk ,d ksadk mM+k ysxk tks dqN muyksxksa us ¼nqfu;k esa½ fd;k djk;k mlesa ls dqN Hkh muds d+kcw esa u gksxk ;gh rks iYys ntsZ dhxqejkgh gS ¼18½D;k rwus ugha ns[kk fd vYykg gh us lkjs vkleku o t+ehu t+#j elygr ls iSnk fd, vxjog pkgs rks lcdks feVkdj ,d ubZ f[kyd+r ¼cLrh½ yk clk, ¼19½vkS ;s vYykg ij dqN Hkh nq'kokj ugha ¼20½vkSj ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ yksx lcds lc vYykg ds lkeus fudy [kM+s gksxsa tks yksx ¼nqfu;k esadet+ksj Fks cM+h bT+t+r j[kus okyks ls ¼ml oD+r½ dgsaxsa fd ge rks cl rqEgkjs d+ne c d+nepyus okys Fks rks D;k ¼vkt½ rqe vYykg ds vt+kc ls dqN Hkh gekjs vkM+s vk ldrs gks ogtokc nsxsa dk'k vYykg gekjh fgnk;r djrk rks ge Hkh rqEgkjh fgnk;r djrs ge [+okg csd+jkjhdjsa [+okg lcz djs ¼nksuks½ gekjs fy, cjkcj gS ¼D;ksafd vt+kc ls½ gesa rks vc NqVdkjk ugha¼21½vkSj tc ¼yksxksa dk½ [k+Sj QSlyk gks pqdsxk ¼vkSj yksx ÓSrku dks bYt+ke nsxsa½ rks ÓSrku dgsxkfd vYykg us rqe ls lPpk ok;nk fd;k Fkk ¼rks og iwjk gks x;k½ vkSj eSus Hkh ok;nk rks fd;kFkk fQj eSus ok;nk f[k+ykQ+h dh vkSj eq>s dqN rqe ij gqdwer rks Fkh ugha exj bruh ckr Fkhfd eSus rqe dks ¼cqjs dkekssa dh rjQ½ cqyk;k vkSj rqeus esjk dgk eku fy;k rks vc rqe eq>s

cqajk ¼Hkyk½ u dgks cfYd ¼vxj dguk gS rks½ vius u+l dks cqjk dgks ¼vkt½ u rks eSa rqEgkjhQfj;kn dks igq¡pk ldrk gw¡ vkSj u rqe esjh Qfj;kn dj ldrs gks eS rks mlls igys gh cst+kjgw¡ fd rqeus eq>s ¼vYykg dk½ Ójhd cuk;k cs'kd tks yksx ukQjeku gSa muds fy, nnZukdvt+kc gS ¼22½vkSj ftu yksxksa us ¼lnd+ fny ls½ beku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke fd, og ¼csg'rds½ mu ckx+ksa esa nkf[k+y fd, tk,¡xsa ftuds uhps ugjs tkjh gksxh vkSj og vius ijojfnxkj dsgqDe ls ges'kk mlesa jgsxsa ogk¡ mu ¼dh eqykd+kr½ dk rksgQk lyke dk gks ¼23½¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqeus ugha ns[kk fd vYykg us vPNh ckr ¼elyu dyek rkSghn dh½ oSlh vPNhfelky c;ku dh gS fd ¼vPNh ckr½ xks;k ,d ikdht+k nj[+r gS fd mldh tM+ et+cwr gS vkSjmldh Vgfu;k¡ vkleku esa yxh gks ¼24½vius ijojfnxkj ds gqDe ls gj oD+r Qyk ¼Qwyk½ jgrk gS vkSj vYykg yksxksa ds okLrs¼blfy,½ felkysa c;ku Qjekrk gS rkfd yksx ulhgr o bcjr gkfly djsa ¼25½vkSj xUnh ckr ¼tSls dyek, f'kdZ½ dh felky xks;k ,d xUns nj[+r dh lh gS ¼ftldh tM+,slh det+ksj gks½ fd t+ehu ds Åij gh ls m[kkM+ Qsasdk tk, ¼D;ksafd½ mldks dqN Bgjkvks rks gSugha ¼26½tks yksx iDdh ckr ¼dyek rkSghn½ ij ¼lnd+ fny ls beku yk pqds mudks vYykg nqfu;k dhft+Unxh esa Hkh lkfcr d+ne j[krk gS vkSj vkf[k+jr esa Hkh lkfcr d+ne j[ksxk ¼vkSj½ mUgsa lokyo tokc esa dksbZ oD+r u gksxk vkSj ljd'kksa dks vYykg xqejkgh esa NksM+ nsrk gS vkSj vYykgtks pkgrk gS djrk gS ¼27½¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqeus mu yksxksa ds gky ij x+kSj ugha fd;k ftUgksaus esjs ,glku ds cnys uk'kqØhdh ,[+fr;kj dh vkSj viuh d+kSe dks gykdr ds ?kjokgs ¼tgUuqe½ esa >ksad fn;k ¼28½fd lcds lc tgUuqe okfly gksxsa vkSj og ¼D;k½ cqjk fBdkuk gS ¼29½vkSj og yksx nwljks dks vYykg dk gelj ¼cjkcj½ cukus yxs rkfd ¼yksxksa dks½ mldh jkg lscgdk ns ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ¼[k+Sj pUn jkst+ rks½ pSu dj yks fQj rks rqEgsa nkst+[k dhrjQ ykSV dj tkuk gh gS ¼30½¼,s jlwy½ esjs og cUns tks beku yk pqds mu ls dg nks fd ikcUnh ls uekt+ i

dqN geus mUgsa jkst+h nh gS mlesa ls ¼vYykg dh jkg esa½ fNikdj ;k fn[kk dj [k+pZ fd;k djsml fnu ¼d+;ker½ ds vkus ls igy ftlesa u rks ¼[k+jhnks½ Qjks[+r gh ¼dke vk,xh½ u nksLrheksgCcr dke ¼vk,xh½ ¼31½vYykg gh ,slk ¼d+kfnj rokuk½ gS ftlus lkjs vkleku o t+ehu iSnk dj Mkys vkSj vkleku lsikuh cjlk;k fQj mlds t+fj, ls ¼eq[+rfyQ nj[+rksa ls½ rqEgkjh jkst+k ds okLrs ¼rjg rjg½ dsQy iSnk fd, vkSj rqEgkjs okLrs df'r;k¡ rqEgkjs cl esa dj nh&rkfd mlds gqDe ls nfj;k esapysa vkSj rqEgkjs okLrs ufn;ksa dks rqEgkjs ,[+fr;kj esa dj fn;k ¼32½vkSj lwjt vkSj pk¡n dks rqEgkjk rkcsnkj cuk fn;k fd lnk Qsjh fd;k djrs gSa vkSj jkr vkSj fnudks rqEgkjs d+Ct+s esa dj fn;k fd ges'kk gkft+j jgrs gSa ¼33½¼vkSj viuh t+#jr ds eqokfQd½ tks dqN rqeus mlls ek¡xk mlesa ls ¼rqEgkjh t+:jr Hkj½ rqEgsfn;k vkSj rqe vYykg dh userks fxurh djuk pkgrs gks rks fxu ugha ldrs gks rw cM+k cs bUlkQuk'kqØk gS ¼34½vkSj ¼og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc bcjkghe us ¼vYykg ls½ vt+Z dh Fkh fd ijojfnxkj bl Ógj¼eDds½ dks veu o veku dh txg cuk ns vkSj eq>s vkSj esjh vkSykn dks bl ckr dks cpkys fd cqrksa dh ijlfr'k djus yxs ¼35½,s esjs ikyuss okys blesa Ód ugha fd bu cqrksa us cgqrsjs yksxksa dks xqejkg cuk NksM+k rks tks Ó[+lesjh iSjoh djs rks og eq> ls gS vkSj ftlus esjh ukQ+jekuh dh ¼rks rq>s ,[+rs;kj gS½ rw rks cM+kc[+'kus oiyk esgjcku gS½ ¼36½,s gekjs ikyus okys eSus rsjs eqvft+t+ ¼bT+t+r okys½ ?kj ¼dkcs½ ds ikl ,d cs[ksrh ds ¼ohjku½fc;kcku ¼eDdk½ esa viuh dqN vkSykn dks ¼ykdj½ clk;k gS rkfd ,s gekjs ikyus okys ;s yksxcjkcj ;gk¡ uekt+ i

ftlus eq>s cqs vkSj esjh vkSykn dks ¼Hkh½ uekt+ dk ikcUn cuk ns vkSj ,s esjs ikyusokys esjh nqvk d+qcwy Qjek ¼40½,s gekjs ikyus okys ftl fnu ¼vkeky dk½ fglkc gksus yxs eq>dks vkSj esjs ek¡ cki dks vkSjlkjs bekunkjksa dks rw c[+'k ns ¼41½vkSj tks dqN ;s dq+Q+kj ¼dq+Q+kjs eDdk½ fd;k djrs gSa muls vYykg dks x+kfQy u le>uk¼vkSj mu ij QkSju vt+kc u djus dh½ flQZ ;s otg gS fd ml fnu rd dh eksgyr nsrk gSftl fnu yksxksa dh vk¡[kksa ds kus ds okLrs½ elys Hkh c;ku dj nh Fkha ¼45½vkSj og yksx viuh pkysa pyrs gSa ¼vkSj dHkh ckt+ u vk,½ gkykWfd mudh lc gkyrsa vYykgdh ut+j esa Fkh vkSj vxjps mudh eDdkfj;k¡ ¼ml xt+c dh½ Fkha fd mu ls igkM+ ¼viuh txgls½ gV tk;s ¼46½rks rqe ;s [+;ky ¼Hkh½ u djuk fd vYykg vius jlwyksa ls f[k+ykQ ok;nk djsxk blesa Ód ughafd vYykg ¼lcls½ t+cjnLr cnyk ysus okyk gS ¼47½¼exj dc½ ftl fnu ;s t+ehu cnydj nwljh t+ehu dj nh tk,xh vkSj ¼blh rjg½ vkleku ¼Hkh

cny fn, tk,¡xsa½ vkSj lc yksx ;drk d+gkj ¼t+cjnLr½ vYykg ds #c# ¼viuh viuh txg ls½fudy [kM+s gksxsa ¼48½vkSj rqe ml fnu xqusgxkjksa dks ns[kksxs fd t+t+hjksa es tdM+s gq, gksxsa ¼49½muds ¼cnu ds½ diM+s d+rjku ¼rkjdksy½ ds gksxs vkSj muds psgjksa dks vkx ¼gj rjQ ls½

15 lwjg fgtzlwjg fgtz eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj blesa fuUukUos ¼99½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvfyQ+ yke jk ;s fdrkc ¼vYykg½ vkSj okts, o jkS'ku d+qjku dh ¼pUn½ vk;rs gSa ¼1½s¼,d fnu og Hkh vkus okyk gS fd½ tks yksx dkfQ+j gks cSBs gSa vDlj fny ls pkgsaxsa ¼2½dk'k ¼ge Hkh½ eqlyeku gksrs ¼,s jlwy½ mUgsa mudh gkyr ij jgus nks fd [kk ih ysa vkSj¼nqfu;k ds pUn jkst+½ pSu dj ysa vkSj mudh reUuk,¡ mUgsa [ksy rek'ks esa yxk, jgha ¼3½vud+jhc gh ¼bldk urhtk½ mUgsa ekywe gks tk,xk vkSj geus dHkh dksbZ cLrh rckg ugha dh exj;s fd mldh rckgh ds fy, ¼igys gh ls½ le>h cw>h fe;kn eqd+jZj fy[kh gq;h Fkh ¼4½dksbZ mEer vius oD+r ls u vkxs c

;s dq+Q+kj bl ¼d+qjku½ ij beku u yk,¡xsa vkSj ¼;s dqN vuks[kh ckr ugha½ vxyksa ds rjhd+s Hkh¼,sls gh½ jgsa gS ¼13½vkSj vxj ge viuh dqnjr ls vkleku dk ,d njokt+k Hkh [kksy nsa vkSj ;s yksx fnu ngkM+sml njokt+s ls ¼vkleku ij½ p fy;k tks igys gks xqt+js vkSjgeus mudks Hkh tku fy;k tks ckn dks vkus okys gSa ¼24½

vkSj blesa Ód ugha fd rsjk ijojfnxkj ogh gS tks mu lc dks ¼d+;ker esa dczksa ls½ mBk,xkcs'kd og fgd+er okyk okfd+Qdkj gS ¼25½vkSj cs'kd ge gh us vkneh dks [k+ehj ¼xqa/kh½ nh gqbZ lM+h feêh ls tks ¼lw[kdj½ [ku [kucksyus yxs iSnk fd;k ¼26½vkSj ge gh us ftUukr dks vkneh ls ¼Hkh½ igys os /kq,¡ dh rst+ vkx ls iSnk fd;k ¼27½vkSj ¼,s jlwy og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us Qfj'rksa ls dgk fd eSa ,d vknehdks [kehj nh gq;h feêh ls ¼tks lw[kdj½ [ku [ku cksyus yxs iSnk djus okyk gw¡ ¼28½rks ftl oD+r eS mldks gj rjg ls nq#Lr dj pqds vkSj mlesa viuh ¼rjQ ls½ #g Qw¡d nw¡ rkslc ds lc mlds lkeus ltns esa fxj iM+uk ¼29½x+jt+ Qfj'rs rks lc ds lc lj c ltwn gks x, ¼30½exj bcyhl ¼eyÅu½ dh mlus ltnk djus okyksa ds lkFk Ókfey gksus ls bUdkj fd;k ¼31½¼bl ij vYykg us½ Qjek;k vkvks ÓSrku vkf[k+j rq>s D;k gqvk fd rw ltnk djus okyksa dslkFk Ókfey u gqvk ¼32½og ¼f ij jkst+s esa tt+k rd fQVdkj cjlk djsxh ¼35½ÓSrku us dgk ,s esjs ijojfnxkj [k+Sj rw eq>s ml fnu rd dh eksgyr ns tcfd ¼yksx nksckjkft+Unk djds½ mBk, tk,¡xsa ¼36½vYykg us Qjek;k oD+r eqd+jZj ¼37½ds fnu rd rq>s eksgyr nh xbZ ¼38½

mu ÓSrku us dgk ,s esjs ijojfnxkj pwWfd rwus eq>s jkLrs ls vyx fd;k eSa Hkh muds fy, nqfu;kesa ¼lkt+ o lkeku dks½ mEnk dj fn[kkÅ¡xk vkSj lcdks t+#j cgdkÅxk ¼39½exj muesa ls rsjs fujs [kqjs [k+kl cUns ¼fd og esjs cgdkus esa u vk,¡xsa½ ¼40½vYykg us Qjek;k fd ;gh jkg lh/kh gS fd eq> rd ¼igq¡prh½ gS ¼41½tks esjs eq[k+fyl ¼[+kkl cUns½ cUns gSa mu ij rq>ls fdlh rjg dh gqdwer u gksxh exj gk¡xqejkgksa esa ls tks rsjh iSjoh djs ¼ml ij rsjk okj py tk,xk½ ¼42½vkSj gk¡ ;s Hkh ;kn jgs fd mu lc ds okLrs ¼vkf[k+jh½ ok;nk cl tgUu qe gS ftlds lkrnjokts+ gksxs ¼43½gj ¼njokt+s esa tkus½ ds fy, mu xqejkgksa dh vyx vyx Vksfy;k¡ gksxha ¼44½vkSj ijgst+xkj rks csg'r ds ckx+ksa vkSj p'eksa es ;d+huu gksaxs ¼45½¼nkf[k+ys ds oD+r Qfj'rs dgsxsa fd½ muesa lykerh bRfeuku ls pys pyks ¼46½vkSj ¼nqfu;k dh rdyhQksa ls½ tks dqN muds fny esa jat Fkk mldks Hkh ge fudky nsxsa vkSj ;sckge ,d nwljs ds vkeus lkeus r[+rksa ij bl rjg cSBs gksxsa tSls HkkbZ HkkbZ ¼47½mudks csg'r esa rdyhQ Nq,xh Hkh rks ugha vkSj u dHkh mlesa ls fudkys tk,¡xsa ¼48½¼,s jlwy½ esjs cUnksa dks vkxkg djks fd cs'kd eS cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gw¡ ¼49½exj lkFk gh blds ¼;s Hkh ;kn jgs fd½ cs'kd esjk vt+kc Hkh cM+k nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼50½vkSj mudks bcjkghe ds esgeku dk gky lquk nks ¼51½fd tc ;s bcjkghe ds ikl vk, rks ¼igys½ mUgksaus lyke fd;k bcjkghe us ¼tokc lyke dsckn½ dgk gedks rks rqe ls Mj ekywe gksrk gS ¼52½mUgksaus dgk vki eqÙkfyd+ [k+kSQ u dhft, ¼D;ksafd½ ge rks vki dks ,d ¼nkuk o chuk½ Qjt+Un¼ds iSnkb'k½ dh [kq'k[k+cjh nsrs gSa ¼53½

czkfge us dgk D;k eq>s [+kq'k[+kcjh ¼csVk gksus dh½ nsrs gks tc eq>s cq

vkSj ¼;s ckr gks jgh Fkha fd½ Ógj ds yksx ¼esgekuksa dh [k+cj lqu dj cqjh uh;r ls½ [kqf'k;k¡eukrs gq, vk igq¡ps ¼67½ywr us ¼muls dgk½ fd ;s yksx esjs esgeku gS rks rqe ¼bUgsa lrkdj½ eq>s #lok cnuke u djks¼68½vkSj vYykg ls Mjks vkSj eq>s t+yhy u djks ¼69½og yksx dgus yxs D;ksa th geus rqe dks lkjs tgk¡u ds yksxksa ¼ds vkus½ dh eukgh ugha dj nhFkh ¼70½ywr us dgk vxj rqedks ¼,slk gh½ djuk gS rks ;s esjh d+kSe dh csfV;k¡ ekStwn gSa ¼71½¼buls fudkg dj yks½ ,s jlwy rqEgkjh tku dh dle ;s yksx ¼d+kSe ywr½ viuh eLrh esa engks'kgks jgs Fks ¼72½¼ywr dh lqurs dkgs dks½ x+jt+ lwjt fudyrs fudyrs mudks ¼cM+s t+ksjks dh½ fp?kkM+ u ys Mkyk¼73½fQj geus mlh cLrh dks myV dj mlds Åij ds rcds+ dks uhps dk rcd+k cuk fn;k vkSjmlds Åij mu ij [kjUts ds iRFkj cjlk fn, blesa Ód ugha fd blesa ¼vlyh ckr ds½ rkM+tkus okyksa ds fy, ¼dqnjrs vYykg dh½ cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼74½vkSj og myVh gq;h cLrh ges'kk ¼dh vkenjr½ ¼75½ds jkLrs ij gS ¼76½blesa rks Ód gha ugha fd blesa bZekunkjksa ds okLrs ¼dqnjrs vYykg dh½ cgqr cM+h fu'kkuh gS¼77½vkSj ,Sdk ds jgus okys ¼d+kSes Óq,c dh rjg cM+s ljd'k Fks½ ¼78½rks mu ls Hkh geus ¼ukQjekuh dk½ cnyk fy;k vkSj ;s nks cfLr;k¡ ¼d+kSes ywr o Óq,c dh½ ,d[kqyh gq;h Óg jkg ij ¼vHkh rd ekStwn½ gSa ¼79½

vkSj blh rjg fgtz ds jgus okyksa ¼d+kSe lkysg us Hkh½ iSx+Ecjksa dks >qByk;k ¼80½vkSj ¼ckotwn fd½ geus mUgsa viuh fu'kkfu;k¡ nh ml ij Hkh og yksx muls jn fxjnkuh djrs jgs¼81½vkSj cgqr fny tksbZ ls igkM+ksa dks rjk'k dj ?kj cukrs jgs ¼82½vkf[k+j muds lqcg gksrs gksrs ,d cM+h ¼tksjksa dh½ fpa?kkM+ us ys Mkyk ¼83½fQj tks dqN og viuh fgQkt+r dh rnchj fd;k djrs Fks ¼vt+kc vYykg ls cpkus esa½ fddqN Hkh dke u vk;ha ¼84½vkSj geus vklekuksa vkSj t+ehu dks vkSj tks dqN mu nksuksa ds njfE;ku esa gS fgder o elygrls iSnk fd;k gS vkSj d+;ker ;d+huu t+#j vkus okyh gS rks rqe ¼,s jlwy½ mu dkfQjksa lsÓkbLrk muoku ¼vPNs cjrko½ ds lkFk nj xqt+j djks ¼85½blesa Ód ugha fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj cM+k iSnk djus okyk gS ¼86½¼cM+k nkuk o chuk gS½ vkSj geus rqedks lcvs elkuh ¼lwjs gEn½ vkSj d+qjku vt+he vrk fd;k gS¼87½vkSj geus tks mu dqQkjksa esa ls dqN yksxksa dks ¼nqfu;k dh½ eky o nkSyr ls fugky dj fn;kgS rqe mldh rjQ gjfxt+ ut+j Hkh u mBkuk vkSj u mudh ¼csnhuh½ ij dqN vQlksl djuk vkSjbekunkjksa ls ¼vxjps x+jhc gks½ >qddj feyk djks vkSj dgk nks fd eS rks ¼vt+kcs vYykg ls½ljhgh rkSj ls Mjkus okyk gw¡ ¼88½¼,s jlwy½ mu dqQkjksa ij bl rjg vt+kc ukft+y djsxsa ftl rjg geus mu yksxksa ij ukft+yfd;k ¼89½ftUgksaus d+qjku dks ckWV dj VqdMs+ VqdM+s dj Mkyk ¼90½¼ckt+ dks ekuk ckt dks ugha½ rks ,s jlwy rqEgkjs gh ijojfnxkj dh ¼viuh½ d+le ¼91½fd ge muls tks dqN ;s ¼nqfu;k esa½ fd;k djrs Fks ¼cgqr l[+rh ls½ t+#j ckt+ iqlZ ¼iqNrkN½djsaxs ¼92½

il ftldk rqEgsa gqDe fn;k x;k gS mls okts, djds lquk nks ¼93½vkSj eq'kjsdhu dh rjQ ls eq¡g Qsj yks ¼94½tks yksx rqEgkjh g¡lh mM+krs gS ¼95½vkSj vYykg ds lkFk nwljs ijojfnxkj dks ¼'kjhd½ Bgjkrs gSa ge rqEgkjh rjQ ls muds fy,dkQh gSa rks vud+jhc gh mUgsa ekywe gks tk,xk ¼96½fd rqe tks bu ¼dqQkjksa equkfQd+hu½ dh ckrksa ls fny rax gksrs gks mldks ge t+#j tkurs gSa¼97½rks rqe vius ijojfnxkj dh gEnks luk ls mldh rLchg djks vkSj ¼mldh ckjxkg esa½ ltnk djusokyksa esa gks tkvks ¼98½vkSj tc rd rqEgkjs ikl ekSr vk, vius ijojfnxkj dh bcknr esa yxs jgks ¼99½

16 lwjg ugylwjg ugy eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ,d lkS vB~Bkbl ¼128½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s dq+Q+kjs eDdk ¼[+k+qnk dk gqDe ¼d+;ker xks;k½ vk igq¡pk rks ¼,s dkfQjksa cs Qk;ns½ rqe bldhtYnh u epkvks ftl pht+ dks ;s yksx Ójhd d+jkj nsrs gSa mlls og vYykg ikd o ikdht+kvkSj cjrj gS ¼1½ogh vius gqDe ls vius cUnksa esa ls ftlds ikl pkgrk gS ^ogha* nsdj Q+fj'rksa dks Hkstrk gS fdyksxksa dks bl ckr ls vkxkg dj nsa fd esjs flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha rks eq>h ls Mjrs jgks ¼2½mlh us lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu elygr o fgder ls iSnk fd, rks ;s yksx ftldks mldkÓjhd cukrs gSa mlls dgha cjrj gS ¼3½mlus bUlku dks uqRQs ls iSnk fd;k fQj og ;dk;d ¼ge gh ls½ [kqYye [kqYyk >xM+us okyk gksx;k ¼4½mlh us pjik;ksa dks Hkh iSnk fd;k fd rqEgkjs fy, Åu ¼Åu dh [kky vkSj Åu½ ls tkMs+ dklkeku gS ¼5½blds vykok vkSj Hkh Qk;nsa gSa vkSj muesa ls ckt+ dks rqe [kkrs gks vkSj tc rqe mUgsa fljs ÓkepjkbZ ij ls ykrs gks tc losjs gh losjs pjkbZ ij ys tkrs gks ¼6½rks mudh otg ls rqEgkjh jkSud+ Hkh gS vkSj ftu Ógjksa rd cx+Sj cM+h tku t+ks[+ke esa Mkys cxS+jds igq¡p u ldrs Fks ogk¡ rd ;s pkSik, Hkh rqEgkjs cks>s Hkh mBk fy, fQjrs gSa blesa Ód ughafd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj cM+k ÓQhd+ esgjcku gS ¼7½vkSj ¼mlh us½ ?kksM+ksa [k+Ppjksa vkSj x/kksa dks ¼iSnk fd;k½ rkfd rqe mu ij lokj gks vkSj ¼blesa½t+hur ¼Hkh½ gS ¼8½¼mlds vykok½ vkSj pht+s Hkh iSnk djsxk ftudks rqe ugha tkurs gks vkSj ¼[k+q'd o rj esa½ lh/khjkg ¼dh fgnk;r rks vYykg gh ds ft+Ees gSa vkSj ckt+ jLrs Vs

vkSj vxj [+k+qnk pkgrk rks rqe lcdks eft+ys ed+lwn rd igq¡pk nsrk og ogh ¼vYykg½ gS ftlusvkleku ls ikuh cjlk;k ftlesa ls rqe lc ihrs gks vkSj blls nj[+r Óknkc gksrs gSa ¼10½ftuesa rqe ¼vius eosf'k;ksa dks½ pjkrs gks blh ikuh ls rqEgkjs okLrs [ksrh vkSj tS+rwu vkSj [kqjesavkSj vaxwj mxkrk gS vkSj gj rjg ds Qy ¼iSnk djrk gS½ blesa Ód ugha fd blesa x+kSj djusokyks ds okLrs ¼dqnjrs vYykg dh½ cgqr cM+h fu'kkuh gS ¼11½mlh us rqEgkjs okLrs jkr dks vkSj fnu dks vkSj lwjt vkSj pk¡n dks rqEgkjk rkcs, cuk fn;k gSvkSj flrkjs Hkh mlh ds gqDe ls ¼rqEgkjs½ Qjekcjnkj gSa dqN Ód gh ugha fd ¼blesa½ le>nkjyksxksa ds okLrs ;d+huu ¼dqnjr [kq+nk dh½ cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼12½vkSj tks rjg rjg ds jaxksa dh pht+s mlesa t+ehu esa rqEgkjs uQs ds okLrs iSnk dh ¼13½dqN Ód ugha fd blesa Hkh bcjr o ulhgr gkfly djus okyksa ds okLrs ¼dqnjrs [+k+qnk dh½ cgqrlh fu'kkuh gS vkSj ogh ¼og vYykg gS ftlus nfj;k dks ¼Hkh rqEgkjs½ d+Ct+s esa dj fn;k rkfdrqe blesa ls ¼eNfy;ksa dk½ rkt+k rkt+k xks'r [kkvks vkSj blesa ls ts+oj ¼dh pht+s eksrh oxSjg½fudkyks ftu dks rqe iguk djrs gks vkSj rw df'r;ksa dks ns[krk gS fd ¼vken o jQr esa½ nfj;kesa ¼ikuh dks½ phjrh QkM+rh vkrh gS ¼14½vkSj ¼nfj;k dks rqEgkjs rkcs,½ blfy, ¼dj fn;k½ fd rqe yksx mlds Qt+y ¼uQk frtkjr½ dhryk'k djks vkSj rkfd rqe ÓqØ djks vkSj mlh us t+ehu ij ¼Hkkjh Hkkjh½ igkM+ksa dks xkM+ fn;k¼15½rkfd ¼,slk u gksa½ fd t+ehu rqEgsa ysdj >qd tk, ¼vkSj rqEgkjs d+ne u tesa½ vkSj ¼mlh us½ufn;k¡ vkSj jkLrs ¼cuk,½ ¼16½rkfd rqe ¼viuh viuh eaft+ys ed+lwn rd igq¡pksa ¼mlds vykok jkLrksa esa½ vkSj cgqr lhfu'kkfu;k¡ ¼iSnk dh gSa½ vkSj cgqr ls yksx flrkjs ls Hkh jkg ekywe djrs gSa ¼17½rks D;k tks ¼vYykg brus e[k+ywdkr dks½ iSnk djrk gS og mu ¼cqrksa ds cjkcj gks ldrk gS tksdqN Hkh iSnk ugha dj ldrs rks D;k rqe ¼bruh ckr Hkh½ ugha le>rs vkSj vxj rqe vYykgdh usverksa dks fxuuk pkgks rks ¼bl dljr ls gSa fd½ rqe ugha fxu ldrs gks ¼18½cs'kd [+k+qnk cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS fd ¼rqEgkjh ukQjekuh ij Hkh usver nsrk gS½ ¼19½

vkSj tks dqN rqe fNikdj djrs gks vkSj tks dqN t+kfgj djrs gks ¼x+jt+½ vYykg ¼lc dqN½tkurk gS vkSj ¼;s dqQkj½ [+k+qnk dks NksM+dj ftu yksxksa dks ¼gktr ds oD+r½ iqdkjrs gSa ogdqN Hkh iSnk ugha dj ldrs ¼20½¼cfYd½ og [+kqn nwljksa ds cuk, gq, eqnsZ cstku gSa vkSj bruh Hkh [k+cj ugha fd dc ¼d+;ker½gksxh vkSj dc eqnsZ mBk, tk,xsa ¼21½¼fQj D;k dke vk,Wxh½ rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj ¼;drk vYykg gS rks tks yksx vkf[k+jr ij beku ughaj[krs muds fny gh ¼bl otg ds gSa fd gj ckr dk½ bUdkj djrs gSa vkSj og cM+s ex+#j gSa¼22½;s yksx tks dqN fNik dj djrs gSa vkSj tks dqN t+kfgj ct+kfgj djrs gSa ¼x+jt+ lc dqN½vYykg t+#j tkurk gS og gjfxt+ rdCcqj djus okyksa dks ilUn ugha djrk ¼23½vkSj tc muls dgk tkrk gS fd rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us D;k ukft+y fd;k gS rks og dgrs gSa fd¼vth dqN Hkh ugha cl½ vxyks ds fdLls gSa ¼24½¼mudks cdus nks rkfd d+;ker ds fnu½ vius ¼xqukgksa½ ds iwjs cks> vkSj ftu yksxksa dks mUgksaus csle>s cw>s xqejkg fd;k gS muds ¼xqukgksa ds½ cks> Hkh mUgha dks mBkus iM+sxsa t+jk ns[kks rks fd ;syksx dSlk cqjk cks> vius Åij ykns pys tk jgsa gSa ¼25½cs'kd tks yksx muls igys Fks mUgksaus Hkh eDdkfj;k¡ dh Fkha rks ¼vYykg dk gqDe½ muds [+;kykrdh bekjr dh tM+ dh rjQ ls vk iM+k ¼il fQj D;k Fkk½ bl [+;kyh bekjr dh Nr mu ijmuds Åij ls /ke ls fxj iM+h ¼vkSj lc [+;ky gok gks x,½ vkSj ft/kj ls mu ij vt+kc vkigq¡pk mldh mudks [k+cj rd u Fkh ¼26½¼fQj mlh ij bdfrQk ugha½ mlds ckn d+;ker ds fnu vYykg mudks #lok djsxk vkSjQjek,xk fd ¼vc crkvks½ ftldks rqeus esjk Ójhd cuk j[kk Fkk vkSj ftuds ckjs esa rqe¼bekunkjksa ls½ >xM+rs Fks dgk¡ gSa ¼og rks dqN tokc nsxsa ugha exj½ ftu yksxksa dks ¼vYykg dhrjQ ls½ bYe fn;k x;k gS dgsxsa fd vkt ds fnu #lokbZ vkSj [k+jkch ¼lc dqN½ dkfQjksa ijgh gS ¼27½og yksx gSa fd tc Qfj'rs mudh #g d+Ct+ djus yxrs gSa ¼vkSj½ ;s yksx ¼dqÝ djds½ vkivius Åij flre

[+;ky esa½ dksbZ cqjkbZ ugha djrs Fks ¼rks Qfj'rs dgrs gSa½ gk¡ tks dqN rqEgkjh djrwrs Fkh vYykgmlls [kwc vPNh rjg okfd+Q gSa ¼28½¼vPNk rks yks½ tgUuqe ds njokt+ksa esa nkf[k+y gks vkSj blesa ges'kk jgksxs x+jt+ rdCcqj djus okyksdk Hkh D;k cqjk fBdkuk gS ¼29½vkSj tc ijgst+xkjksa ls iwNk tkrk gS fd rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us D;k ukft+y fd;k gS rks cksy mBrsgSa lc vPNs ls vPNk ftu yksxksa us usdh dh muds fy, bl nqfu;k esa ¼Hkh½ HkykbZ ¼gh HkykbZ½gS vkSj vkf[k+jr dk ?kj D;k mEnk gS ¼30½lnk cgkj ¼gjs Hkjs½ ckx+ gSa ftuesa ¼os rdYyqQ½ tk igq¡psxsa muds uhps ugjsa tkjh gksaxh vkSj ;syksx tks pkgsxsa muds fy, eq;¸;k ¼ekStw+n½ gS ;w¡ vYykg ijgst+xkjksa ¼dks muds fd,½ dh tt+kvrk Qjekrk gS ¼31½¼;s½ og yksx gSa ftudh #gsa Qfj'rs bl gkyr esa d+Ct+ djrsa gSa fd og ¼utklrs dqÝ ls½ ikdo ikdht+k gksrs gSa rks Qfj'rs muls ¼fugk;r rikd ls½ dgrs gS lykequ vySdqe tks usfd;k¡ nqfu;kesa rqe djrs Fks mlds flys esa tUur esa ¼csrdYyqQ½ pys tkvks ¼32½¼,s jlwy½ D;k ;s ¼,gys eDdk½ blh ckr ds eqfUrt+j gS fd muds ikl Qfj'rs ¼d+Ct+s #g dks½vk gh tk,¡ ;k ¼muds gykd djus dks½ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dk vt+kc gh vk igq¡ps tks yksx mulsigys gks xqt+js gSa og ,slh ckrsa dj pqds gSa vkSj vYykg us mu ij ¼t+jk Hkh½ tqYe ugha fd;kcfYd og yksx [k+qn dqÝ+ dh otg ls vius Åij vki tqYe djrs jgs ¼33½fQj tks tks djrwrsa mudh Fkh mldh lt+k esa cqjs urhts mudks feys vkSj ftl ¼vt+kc½ dh ogg¡lh mM+k;k djrs Fks mlus mUgsa ¼pkjks rjQ ls½ ?ksj fy;k ¼34½vkSj eq'jdhu dgrs gSa fd vxj vYykg pkgrk rks u ge gh mlds flok fdlh vkSj pht+ dhbcknr djrs vkSj u gekjs cki nknk vkSj u ge cx+Sj ml ¼dh et+hZ½ ds fdlh pht+ dks gjkedj cSBrs tks yksx buls igys gks xqt+js gSa og Hkh ,sls ¼ghyk gokys dh½ ckrsa dj pqds gSa rks¼dgk djsa½ iSx+Ecjksa ij rks mlds flok fd ,gdke dks lkQ lkQ igq¡pk ns vkSj dqN Hkh ugha¼35½vkSj geus rks gj mEer esa ,d ¼u ,d½ jlwy bl ckr ds fy, t+#j Hkstk fd yksxksa vYykgdh bcknr djks vkSj cqrksa ¼dh bcknr½ ls cps jgks x+jt+ muesa ls ckt+ dh rks vYykg us fgnk;rdh vkSj ckt+ ds ¼lj½ ij xqejkgh lokj gks xbZ rks t+jk rqe yksx #, t+ehu ij py fQj djns[kks rks fd ¼iSx+Ecjkus [+k+qnk ds½ >qBykus okyksa dks D;k vUtke gqvk ¼36½

¼,s jlwy½ vxj rqedks bu yksxksa ds jkgs jkLr ij tkus dk gkSdk gS ¼rks cs Qk;nk½ D;ksafdvYykg rks gjfxt+ ml Ó[+l dh fgnk;r ugha djsxk ftldks ¼ukft+y gksus dh otg ls½ xqejkghesa NksM+ nsrk gS vkSj u mudk dksbZ ennxkj gS ¼37½¼fd vt+kc ls cpk,½ vkSj ;s dqQkj vYykg dh ftruh d+lesa muds bedku esa rqEgsa [kk ¼djdgrs½ gSa fd tks Ó[+l ej tkrk gS fQj mldks vYykg nksckjk ft+Unk ugha djsxk ¼,s jlwy½ rqedg nks fd gk¡ t+#j ,slk djsxk bl ij vius ok;ns dh ¼oQk½ ykft+e o t+#jh gS exj cgqrsjsvkneh ugha tkurs gSa ¼38½¼nksckjk ft+Unk djuk blfy, t+#jh gS½ fd ftu ckrksa ij ;s yksx >xM+k djrs gSa mUgsa muds lkeuslkQ okt+s, dj nsxk vkSj rkfd dqQkj ;s le> ysa fd ;s yksx ¼nqfu;k esa½ >wBs Fks ¼39½ge tc fdlh pht+ ¼ds iSnk djus½ dk bjknk djrs gSa rks gekjk dguk mlds ckjs esa bruk ghgksrk gS fd ge dg nsrs gSa fd ^gks tk* cl QkSju gks tkrh gS ¼rks fQj eqnksZa dk ftykuk HkhdksbZ ckr gS½ ¼40½vkSj ftu yksxksa us ¼dq+Q+kj ds t+qYe ij t+qYe lgus ds ckn vYykg dh [kq'kh ds fy, ?kj ckjNksM+k fgtjr dh ge mudks t+#j nqfu;k eas Hkh vPNh txg fcBk,¡xsa vkSj vkf[k+jr dh tt+k rksmlls dgha c

;k og vt+kc ls Mjrs gks rks ¼mlh gkyr esa½ /kj idM+ djs blesa rks Ód ugha fd rqEgkjkijojfnxkj cM+k ÓQhd+ jge okyk gS ¼47½D;k mu yksxksa us vYykg dh e[k+ywd+kr esa ls dksbZ ,slh pht+ ugha ns[kh ftldk lk;k ¼dHkh½nkfguh rjQ vkSj dHkh ck;h rjQ iyVk jgrk gS fd ¼xks;k½ vYykg ds lkeus lj ltnk gS vkSjlc brkvr dk bt+gkj djrs gSa ¼48½vkSj ftruh pht+sa ¼pkn¡ lwjt ox+Sjg½ vklekuksa esa gSa vkSj ftrus tkuoj t+ehu esa gSa lc vYykggh ds vkxs lj ltwn gSa vkSj Qfj'rs rks ¼gS gh½ vkSj og gqDesa vYykg ls ljd'kh ugha djrs¼49½vkSj vius ijojfnxkj ls tks muls ¼dgha½ cjrj ¼cM+k½ o vkyk gS Mjrs gSa vkSj tks gqDesa fn;ktkrk gS QkSju ctk ykrs gSa ¼50½ ltnk 3vkSj vYykg us Qjek;k Fkk fd nks nks ekcwn u cukvks ekcwn rks cl ogh ;drk vYykg gS flQZeq>h ls Mjrs jgks ¼51½vkSj tks dqN vklekuksa esa gSa vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gSa ¼x+jt+½ lc dqN mlh dk gS vkSj [k+kfylQjekcjnkjh ges'kk mlh dks ykft+e ¼t:jh½ gS rks D;k rqe yksx vYykg ds flok ¼fdlh vkSj lsHkh½ Mjrs gks ¼52½vkSj ftruh usversa rqEgkjs lkFk gSa ¼lc gh dh rjQ ls gSa½ fQj tc rqedks rdyhQ Nw Hkh xbZrks rqe mlh ds vkxs Qfj;kn djus yxrs gks ¼53½fQj tc og rqels rdyhQ dks nwj dj nsrk gS rks cl QkSju rqeesa ls dqN yksx viusijojfnxkj dks Ójhd Bgjkrs gSa ¼54½rkfd tks ¼usversa½ geus mudks nh gS mudh uk'kqØh djsa rks ¼[k+Sj nqfu;k esa pUn jkst+ pSu dj yksfQj rks vud+jhc rqedks ekywe gks tk,xk ¼55½vkSj geus tks jkst+h mudks nh gS mlesa ls ;s yksx mu cqrksa dk fgLlk Hkh d+jkj nsrs gS ftudhgd+hdr ugha tkurs rks vYykg dh ¼viuh½ fd+Le tks bQ+rsjk ijnkft+;k¡ rqe djrs Fks ¼d+;ker esa½mudh ckt+iqlZ ¼iwN xN½ rqe ls t+#j dh tk,xh ¼56½

vkSj ;s yksx vYykg ds fy, csfV;k¡ rtoht+ djrs gSa ¼lqcku vYykg½ og ml ls ikd oikdht+k gS ¼57½vkSj vius fy, ¼csVs½ tks ejx+wc ¼fny ilUn½ gSa vkSj tc mlesa ls fdlh ,d dks yM+dh iSnkgksus dh tks [kq'k[k+cjh nhft, jat ds ekjs eq¡g dkyk gks tkrk gS ¼58½vkSj og t+gj dk lk ?kw¡V ihdj jg tkrk gS ¼csVh dh½ ftldh [kq'k[kcjh nh xbZ gS viuh d+kSeds yksxksa ls fNik fQjrk gS ¼vkSj lksprk gS½ fd D;k bldks ft+Yyr mBkds ft+Unk jgus ns ;k¼ft+Unk gh½ bldks t+ehu es a xkM+ ns&ns[kks rqe yksx fdl d+nj cqjk ,gdke ¼gqDe½ yxkrs gSa ¼59½cqjh ¼cqjh½ ckrsa rks mUgha yksxksa ds fy, T+;knk equkflc gSa tks vkf[k+jr dk ;d+hu ugha j[krs vkSjvYykg dh Óku ds yk;d+ rks vkyk flQrs ¼cgqr cM+h vPNkb;k½ gSa vkSj ogh rks x+kfyc gS¼60½vkSj vxj ¼dgha½ vYykg vius cUnksa dh ukQjekfu;ksa dh fxjQ+r djrk rks #, t+ehu ij fdlh,d tkunkj dks ckd+h u NksM+rk exj og rks ,d eqd+jZj oD+r rd mu lcdks eksgyr nsrk gSfQj tc mudk ¼og½ oD+r vk igq¡psxk rks u ,d ?kM+h ihNs gV ldrs gSa vkSj u vkxs cwBs nkos Hkh djrs gSa fd ¼vkf[k+jr esa Hkh½ mUgha ds fy, HkykbZ gS ¼HkykbZ rksugha exj½ gk¡ muds fy, tgUuqe dh vkx t+#jh gS vkSj ;gh yksx lcls igys ¼mlesa½ >ksadstk,¡xsa ¼62½¼,s jlwy½ vYykg dh ¼viuh½ dle rqels igys mEerksa ds ikl cgqrsjs iSx+Ecj Hksts rks ÓSrku usmudh dkjLrkfu;ksa dks mEnk dj fn[kk;k rks ogh ¼'kSrku½ vkt Hkh mu yksxksa dk ljijLr cukgqvk gS gkykWfd muds okLrs nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼63½vkSj geus rqe ij fdrkc ¼d+qjku½ rks blh fy, ukft+y dh rkfd ftu ckrksa esa ;s yksx ckge>xM+k fd, gSa mudks rqe lkQ lkQ c;ku djks ¼vkSj ;g fdrkc½ bekunkjksa ds fy, rks¼vt+ljrkik½ fgnk;r vkSj jger gS ¼64½vkSj vYykg gh us vkleku ls ikuh cjlk;k rks mlds t+fj, t+ehu dks eqnkZ gksus ds ckn ft+Unk

¼'kknkc½ ¼gjh Hkjh½ fd;k D;k dqN Ód ugha fd blesa tks yksx clrs gSa muds okLrs ¼dq+njrsvYykg dh½ cgqr cM+h fu'kkuh gS ¼65½vkSj blesa Ód ugha fd pkSik;ksa esa Hkh rqEgkjs fy, ¼bcjr dh ckr½ gS fd muds isV esa [k+kd]cyk] xkscj vkSj [k+wu ¼tks dqN Hkjk gS½ mlesa ls ges rqedks [k+kfyl nw/k fiykrs gSa tks ihus okyksads fy, [kq'kxokj gS ¼66½vkSj blh rjg [kqjesa vkSj vaxwj ds Qy ls ¼ge rqedks Óhjk fiykrs gSa½ ftldh ¼dHkh rks½ rqeÓjkc cuk fy;k djrs gks vkSj dHkh vPNh jkst+h ¼fljdk oxS+jg½ blesa Ód ugha fd blesa Hkhle>nkj yksxksa ds fy, ¼d+qnjr vYykg dh½ cM+h fu'kkuh gS ¼67½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us Ógn dh efD[k;ksa ds fny esa ;s ckr Mkyh fd rw igkM+ksavkSj nj[+rksa vkSj Å¡ph Å¡ph V~V~fV;k¡ ¼vkSj edkukr ikV dj½ cukrs gSa ¼68½muesa vius NRrs cuk fQj gj rjg ds Qyksa ¼ds iwj ls½ ¼mudk vd+Z½ pwl dj fQj viusijojfnxkj dh jkgksa esa rkcsnkjh ds lkFk pyh efD[k;ksa ds isV ls ihus dh ,d pht+ fudyrh gS¼'kgn½ ftlds eq[+rfyQ jax gksrs gS a blesa yksxksa ¼ds chekfj;ksa½ dh fÓQ+k ¼Hkh½ gS blesa Ód ughafd blesa x+kSj o fQ+Ø djus okyksa ds okLrs ¼d+qnjrs vYykg dh cgqr cM+h fu'kkuh gS½ ¼69½vkSj vYykg gh us rqedks iSnk fd;k fQj ogh rqedks ¼nqfu;k ls½ mBk ysxk vkSj rqeesa ls ckt+,sls Hkh gSa tks t+yhy ft+Unxh ¼l[+r cq

vkSj vYykg dks NksM+dj ,slh pht+ dh ijlfr'k djrs gSa tks vklekuksa vkSj t+ehu esa ls mudksfjt+d+ nsus dk dqN Hkh u ,[+fr;kj j[krs gSa vkSj u dqnjr gkfly dj ldrs gSa ¼73½rks rqe ¼nqfu;k ds yksxksa ij d;kl djds [k+qn½ felkysa u x Fks vkSj rqedks dku fn, vkSj vk¡[ksa ¼vrk dh½ fny ¼buk;r fd,½ rkfd rqe ÓqØ djks ¼78½D;k mu yksxksa us ifjUnksa dh rjQ x+kSj ugha fd;k tks vkleku ds uhps gok esa f?kjs gq, ¼mM+rsjgrs gSa½ mudks rks cl vYykg gh ¼fxjus ls ½ jksdrk gS cs'kd blesa Hkh ¼dqnjrs vYykg dh½bekunkjksa ds fy, cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼79½vkSj vYykg gh us rqEgkjs ?kjksa dks rqEgkjk fBdkuk d+jkj fn;k vkSj mlh us rqEgkjs okLrs pkSik;ksadh [kkyksa ls rqEgkjs fy, ¼gyds Qqyds½ Msjs ¼[k+ses½ cuk ftUgsa rqe gydk ikdj vius lQj vkSjgtj ¼Bgjus½ esa dke ykrs gks vkSj bu pkjik;ksa dh Åu vkSj #bZ vkSj ckyks ls ,d oD+r [k+kl¼d+;ker rd½ ds fy, rqEgkjs cgqr ls vlckc vkSj vcdkj vken ¼dke dh½ pht+s cukbZ ¼80½vkSj vYykg gh us rqEgkjs vkjke ds fy, viuh iSnk dh gqbZ pht+ksa ds lk, cuk, vkSj mlh us

qEgkjs ¼fNius cSBus½ ds okLrs igkM+ksa esa ?kjkSUns ¼x+kj ox+Sjg½ cuk, vkSj mlh us rqEgkjs fy, diM+scuk, tks rqEgsa ¼lnhZ½ xehZ ls egQwt+ j[ksa vkSj ¼yksgs½ ds dqrsZ tks rqEgsa gkfFk;ksa dh t+n ¼ekj½ lscpk ysa ;w¡ vYykg viuh usver rqe ij iwjh djrk gS ¼81½rqe mldh Qjekcjnkjh djks ml ij Hkh vxj ;s yksx ¼beku ls½ eq¡g Qsjs rks rqEgkjk QtZ+ flQZ¼,gdke dk½ lkQ igq¡pk nsuk gS ¼82½¼cl½ ;s yksx vYykg dh usverksa dks igpkurs gSa fQj ¼tkucq> dj½ muls eqdj tkrs gSa vkSjbUgha esa ls cgqrsjs uk'kqØs gSa ¼83½vkSj ftl fnu ge ,d mEer esa ls ¼mlds iSx+Ecjksa dks½ xokg cukdj d+czksa ls mBk [kM+k djsxsfQj rks dkfQjksa dks u ¼ckr djus dh½ btkt+r nh tk,xh vkSj u mudk mtz ¼tokc½ gh lquktk,xk ¼84½vkSj ftu yksxksa us ¼nqfu;k esa½ Ójkjrsa dh Fkh tc og vt+kc dks ns[k ysxsa rks muds vt+kc gh esar[k+Q+hQ+ dh tk,xh vkSj u mudks eksgyr gh nh tk,xh ¼85½vkSj ftu yksxksa us nqfu;k esa vYykg dk Ójhd ¼nwljs dks½ Bgjk;k Fkk tc vius ¼mu½ Ójhdksa dks¼d+;ker esa½ ns[ksaxs rks cksy mBsxsa fd ,s gekjs ijojfnxkj ;gh rks gekjs Ójhd gSa ftUgsa ge¼eqlhcr½ ds oD+r rq>s NksM+ dj iqdkjk djrs Fks rks og Ójhd mUgha dh rjQ ckr dks Qsadekjsxsa fd rqe fujs >wBs gks ¼86½vkSj ml fnu vYykg ds lkeus lj >qdk nsaxs vkSj tks bQ+rsjk ijnkft+;k¡ nqfu;k esa fd;k djrs Fksmuls xk;c gks tk,¡xsa ¼87½ftu yksxksa us dqÝ ,[+rs;kj fd;k vkSj yksxksa dks vYykg dh jkg ls jksdk muds Q+lkn okysdkeksa ds cnys esa muds fy, ge vt+kc ij vt+kc c

vkSj tc rqe yksx ckge d+kSy o d+jkj dj fy;k djks rks vYykg ds ,gnks iSeku dks iwjk djksvkSj d+leksa dks muds iDdk gks tkus ds ckn u rksM+k djks gkykWfd rqe rks vYykg dks viukt+kfeu cuk pqds gks tks dqN Hkh rqe djrs gks vYykg mls t+#j tkurk gS ¼91½vkSj rqe yksx ¼d+leksa ds rksM+us esa½ ml vkSjr ds ,sls u gks tks viuk lwr et+cwr dkrus dsckn VqdM+s VqdM+s djds rksM+ Mkys fd vius ,gnks dks vkil esa ml ckr dh eDdkjh dk t+fj;kcukus yxks fd ,d fxjksg nwljs fxjksg ls ¼[+oke[k+okg½ crs½gks rks ¼le> yks fd½ tks dqN vYykg ds ikl gS og mlls dgha csgrj gS ¼95½¼D;ksafd eky nqfu;k ls½ tks dqN rqEgkjs ikl gS ,d u ,d fnu [k+Re gks tk,xk vkSj ¼vtz½vYykg ds ikl gS og ges'kk ckd+h jgsxk ¼96½vkSj ftu yksxksa us nqfu;k esa lcz fd;k Fkk mudks ¼d+;ker esa½ muds dkeksaa dk ge vPNs lsvPNk vtz o lokc vrk djsaxsa ¼96½enZ gks ;k vkSjr tks Ó[+l usd dke djsxk vkSj og bekunkj Hkh gks rks ge mls ¼nqfu;k esa Hkh½ikd o ikdht+k ftUnxh clj djk,¡xsa vkSj ¼vkf[k+jr esa Hkh½ tks dqN og djrs Fks mldk vPNsls vPNk vtz o lokc vrk Qjek,¡xsa ¼97½vkSj tc rqe d+qjku i

lesa Ód ugha fd tks yksx bekunkj gSa vkSj vius ijojfnxkj ij Hkjkslk j[krs gSa mu ij mldkd+kcw ugha pyrk ¼99½mldk d+kcw pyrk gS rks cl mUgha yksxksa ij tks mldks nksLr cukrs gSa vkSj tks yksx mldksvYykg dk Ójhd cukrs gSa ¼100½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ ge tc ,d vk;r ds cnys nwljh vk;r ukft+y djrs gSa rks gkykWfd vYykg tkspht+ ukft+y djrk gS ml ¼dh elygrksa½ ls [kwc okfd+Q gS exj ;s yksx ¼rqe dks½ dgus yxrsgSa fd rqe cl fcYdqy eqt+rjh ¼x+yr c;ku djus okys½ gks cfYd [kqn muesa ds cgqrsjs ¼elkysgdks½ ugha tkurs ¼101½¼,s jlwy½ rqe ¼lkQ½ dg nks fd bl ¼d+qjku½ dks rks #gydqnwl ¼ftcjhy½ us rqEgkjs ijojfnxkjdh rjQ ls gd+ ukft+y fd;k gS rkfd tks yksx beku yk pqds gS a mudks lkfcr d+ne j[ks vkSjeqlyekuksa ds fy, ¼vt+ljrkik½ [kq'k[kcjh gS ¼102½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ ge rgd+hd+ru tkurs gSa fd ;s dqQkj rqEgkjh fuLcr dgk djrs gS fd mudks¼rqe dks½ dksbZ vkneh d+qjku fl[kk fn;k djrk gS gkyWkfd fcYdqy x+yr gS D;ksafd ftl Ó[+ldh rjQ ls ;s yksx fuLcr nsrs gSa mldh t+cku rks vteh gS vkSj ;s rks lkQ lkQ vjch t+ckugS ¼103½blesa rks Ód gh ugha fd tks yksx vYykg dh vk;rksa ij beku ugha ykrs vYykg Hkh mudkseaft+ys ed+lwn rd ugha igq¡pk,xk vkSj muds fy, nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼104½>wB cksgrku rks cl ogh yksx ckW/kk djrs gSa tks vYykg dh vk;rksa ij beku ugha j[krsa ¼105½vkSj gd+hd+r vez ;s gS fd ;gh yksx >wBs gSa ml Ó[+l ds flok tks ¼dyek, dqݽ ij etcwjfd;k tk, vkSj mldk fny beku dh rjQ ls eqrebu gks tks 'k[+l Hkh beku ykus ds ckn dqÝ,[+fr;kj djs cfYd [kwc lhuk dq'kknk ¼th [kksydj½ dqÝ djs rks mu ij vYykg dk x+t+c gSvkSj muds fy, cM+k ¼l[+r½ vt+kc gS ¼106½;s bl otg ls fd mu yksxksa us nqfu;k dh pUn jkst+k ft+Unxh dks vkf[k+jr ij rjthg nh vkSjbl otg ls dh vYykg dkfQjksa dks gjfxt+ eaft+ys ed+lwn rd ugha igq¡pk;k djrk ¼107½;s ogh yksx gSa ftuds fnyksa ij vkSj muds dkuksa ij vkSj mudh vk¡[kksa ij [kq+nk us vykekreqd+jZj dj nh gS ¼108½

¼fd beku u yk,¡xs½ vkSj ;gh yksx ¼bl fljs ds½ cs[kcj gS a dqN Ód ugha fd ;gh yksxvkf[k+jr esa Hkh ;d+huu ?kkVk mBkus okys gSa ¼109½fQj blesa Ód ugha fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj mu yksxksa dks ftUgksus eqlhcr esa eqfCryk gksus d ckn?kj ckj NksMs+ fQj ¼vYykg dh jkg esa½ ftgkn fd, vkSj rdyhQksa ij lcz fd;k blesa Ód ughafd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj bu lc ckrksa ds ckn vycRrk cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼110½vkSj ¼ml fnu dks ;kn½ djks ftl fnu gj Ó[+l viuh t+kr ds ckjs esa >xM+us dks vk ekStwngksxk ¼111½vkSj gj Ó[+l dks tks dqN Hkh mlus fd;k Fkk mldk iwjk iwjk cnyk feysxk vkSj mu ij fdlhrjg dk tq+Ye u fd;k tk,xk vYykg us ,d xk¡o dh ely c;ku QjekbZ ftlds jgus okys gjrjg ds pSu o bResuku esa Fks gj rjQ ls ckQjkx+r ¼cgqr T+;knk½ mudh jkst+h muds ikl vkbZ FkhfQj mu yksxksa us vYykg dh uwverksa dh uk'kqØh dh rks vYykg us mudh djrwrksa dh cnkSyrmudks et+k p[kk fn;k ¼112½fd Hkwd vkSj [k+kSQ dks vksqByk;k ¼113½fQj vt+kc ¼vYykg½ us mUgsa ys Mkyk vkSj og t+kfye Fks gh rks vYykg us tks dqN rqEgsagyky r¸;c ¼rkfgj½ jkst+h nh gS mldks ¼'kkSd+ ls½ [kkvks vkSj vxj rqe vYykg gh dh ijlfr'k¼dk nkok djrs gks½ ¼114½mldh usver dk ÓqØ vnk fd;k djks rqe ij mlus eqjnkj vkSj [kwu vkSj lwvj dk xks'r vkSjog tkuoj ftl ij ¼t+ckg ds oD+r½ vYykg ds flok ¼fdlh½ vkSj dk uke fy;k tk, gjkefd;k gS fQj tks Ó[+l ¼ekjs Hkwd ds½ etcwj gks vYykg ls ljrkih ¼ukQjekuh½ djus okyk gksvkSj u ¼gn t+#jr ls½ cwV ewV tks dqN rqEgkjh t+cku ij vk, ¼cs le>s cw>s½ u dg cSBk djksa fd ;s gyky gSvkSj gjke gS rkfd bldh cnkSyr vYykg ij >wB cksgrku ck¡/kus yxks blesa Ód ugha fd tksyksx vYykg ij >wB cksgrku ck/krs gSa og dHkh dke;kc u gksxsa ¼116½¼nqfu;k esa½ Qk;nk rks t+jk lk gS vkSj ¼vkf[k+jr esa½ nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼117½

vkSj ;gwfn;ksa ij geus og pht+s gjke dj nha Fkh tks rqels igys c;ku dj pqds gSa vkSj geus rks¼bl dh otg ls½ mu ij dqN t+qYe ugha fd;k ¼118½exj og yksx [kqn vius Åij flre rksM+ jgs gSa fQj bles Ód ugha fd tks yksx uknkuh lsxqukg dj cSBs mlds ckn lnd+ fny ls rkSck dj yh vkSj vius dks nq#Lr dj fy;k rks ¼,sjlwy½ blesa Ód ugha fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj blds ckn c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼119½blesa Ód ugha fd bcjkghe ¼yksxksa ds½ is'kok vYykg ds Qjekcjnkj cUns vkSj ckfry ls drjkdj pyus okys Fks vkSj eq'kjsdhu ls gjfxt+ u Fks ¼120½mldh usverksa ds ÓqØ xqt+kj mudks vYykg us equrf[k+c dj fy;k gS vkSj ¼viuh½ lh/kh jkg dhmUgsa fgnk;r dh Fkh ¼121½vkSj geus mUgsa nqfu;k esa Hkh ¼gj rjg dh½ csgrjh vrk dh Fkh ¼122½vkSj og vkf[k+jr esa Hkh ;d+huu usdks dkjksa ls gksxsa ,s jlwy fQj rqEgkjs ikl ogh Hksth fdbcjkghe ds rjhd+s dh iSjoh djks tks ckfry ls drjk ds pyrs Fks vkSj eq'jdhu ls ugha Fks¼123½¼,s jlwy½ grs ¼ds fnu½ dh rkt+he rks cl mUgha yksxksa ij ykft+e dh xbZ Fkh ¼;gwn o ulkjkblds ckjs esa½ ,[+frykQ djrs Fks vkSj dqN Ód ugha fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj muds njfE;ku ftlvxz esa og >xM+k djrs Fks d+;ker ds fnu QSlyk dj nsxk ¼124½¼,s jlwy½ rqe ¼yksxksa dks½ vius ijojfnxkj dh jkg ij fgder vkSj vPNh vPNh ulhgr dst+fj, ls cqykvks vkSj cgl o eqck'kk djks Hkh rks bl rjhd+s ls tks yksxksa ds ut+nhd lclsvPNk gks blesa Ód ugha fd tks yksx vYykg dh jkg ls HkVd x, mudks rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj[kwc tkurk gS ¼125½vkSj fgnk;r ;kQ+rk yksxksa ls Hkh [kwc okfd+Q gS vkSj vxj ¼eq[k+kfyQhu ds lkFk½ l[+rh djks Hkhrks oSlh gh l[+rh djks tSls l[+rh mu yksxksa us rqe ij dh Fkh vkSj vxj rqe lcz djks rks lczdjus okyksa ds okLrs csgrj gSa ¼126½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe lcz gh djks ¼vkSj vYykg dh ¼enn½ cx+Sj rks rqe lcz dj Hkh ugha ldrs

vkSj mu eq[k+kfyQhu ds gky ij rqe jat u djks vkSj tks eDdkjh;k¡ ;s yksx djrs gSa mlls rqerax fny u gks ¼127½tks yksx ijgst+xkj gSa vkSj tks yksx usdks dkj gSa vYykg mudk lkFkh gS ¼128½

17 lwjg cuh bljkbZycuh bljkbZy lwjk eDdk esa ukft+y gqvk vkSj bldh ,d lkS X;kjg ¼111½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSog vYykg ¼gj ,sc ls½ ikd o ikdht+k gS ftlus vius cUnksa dks jkrksa jkr efLtnqy gjke ¼[k+ku,s dkck½ ls efLtnqy vd+lk ¼vklekuh efLtn½ rd dh lSj djkbZ ftlds pkSfxnZ geus gj fdLedh cjdr eqg¸;k dj j[kh gSa rkfd ge mldks ¼viuh dqnjr dh½ fu'kkfu;k¡ fn[kk, blesa Ódugha fd ¼og lc dqN½ lqurk ¼vkSj½ ns[krk gS ¼1½vkSj geus ewlk dks fdrkc ¼rkSjSr½ vrk dh vkSj ml dks cuh bljkbZy dh jguqek d+jkj fn;k¼vkSj gqDe ns fn;k½ fd ,s mu yksxksa dh vkSykn ftUgsa ge us uwg ds lkFk d'rh esa lokj fd;kFkk ¼2½esjs flok fdlh dks viuk dkjlkt+ u cukuk cs'kd uwg cM+k ÓqØ xqt+kj cUnk Fkk ¼3½vkSj geus cuh bljkbZy ls blh fdrkc ¼rkSjSr½ esa lkQ lkQ c;ku dj fn;k Fkk fd rqe yksx#, t+ehu ij nks ejrck t+#j Qlkn QSykvksxs vkSj cM+h ljd'kh djksxs ¼4½fQj tc mu nks Qlknksa esa igys dk oD+r vk igq¡pk rks geus rqe ij dqN vius cUnksa¼utrqyulz½ vkSj mldh QkSt dks eqlYyr ¿x+kfycÀ dj fn;k tks cM+s l[+r yM+us okys Fks rks ogyksx rqEgkjs ?kjksa ds vUnj ?kqls ¼vkSj [kwc d+Ry o x+kjr fd;k½ vkSj vYykg ds vt+kc dkok;nk tks iwjk gksdj jgk ¼5½fQj geus rqedks nksckjk mu ij x+yck nsdj rqEgkjs fnu Qsjs vkSj eky ls vkSj csVksa ls rqEgkjhenn dh vkSj rqedks cM+s tRFks okyk cuk fn;k ¼6½vxj rqe vPNs dke djksxs rks vius Qk;ns ds fy, vPNs dke djksxs vkSj vxj rqe cqjs dkedjksxs rks ¼Hkh½ vius gh fy, fQj tc nwljs oD+r dk ok;nk vk igq¡pk rks ¼geus rSrwl jksxh dksrqe ij eqlYyr fd;k½ rkfd og yksx ¼ekjrs ekjrs½ rqEgkjs psgjs fcxkM+ nsa ¼fd igpkus u tkvks½vkSj ftl rjg igyh nQk efLtn cSrqy eqd+íl esa ?kql x;s Fks mlh rjg fQj ?kql iM+sa vkSjftl pht+ ij d+kcw ik, [kwc vPNh rjg cjckn dj nh ¼7½

¼vc Hkh vxj rqe pSu ls jgks rks½ mEehn gS fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj rqe ij rjl [kk, vkSj vxj¼dgha½ ogh Ójkjr djksxs rks ge Hkh fQj idM+saxs vkSj geus rks dkfQjksa ds fy, tgUuqe dks d+Sn[kkuk cuk gh j[kk gS ¼8½blesa Ód ugha fd ;s d+qjku ml jkg dh fgnk;r djrk gS tks lcls T+;knk lh/kh gS vkSj tksbekunkj vPNs vPNs dke djrs gSa mudks ;s [kq'k[k+cjh nsrk gS fd muds fy, cgqr cM+k vtz vkSjlokc ¼ekStwn½ gS ¼9½vkSj ;s Hkh fd cs'kd tks yksx vkf[k+jr ij beku ugha j[krs gSa muds fy, geus nnZukd vt+kcrS;kj dj j[kk gS ¼10½vkSj vkneh dHkh ¼vkftt+ gksdj vius gd+ esa½ cqjkbZ ¼vt+kc ox+Sjg dh nqvk½ bl rjg ek¡xrk gSftl rjg vius fy, HkykbZ dh nqvk djrk gS vkSj vkneh rks cM+k tYnckt+ gS ¼11½vkSj geus jkr vkSj fnu dks ¼viuh d+qnjr dh½ nks fu'kkfu;k¡ d+jkj fn;k fQj geus jkr dhfu'kkuh ¼pk¡n½ dks /kq¡/kyk cuk;k vkSj fnu dh fu'kkuh ¼lwjt½ dks jkS'ku cuk;k ¼fd lc pht+sfn[kkbZ nsa½ rkfd rqe yksx vius ijojfnxkj dk Qt+y

dk½ gqDe nsrs gSa rks og yksx mlesa ukQjekfu;k¡ djus yxs rc og cLrh vt+kc dh eqLrgd+gksxh ml oD+r geus mls vPNh rjg rckg o cjckn dj fn;k ¼16½vkSj uwg ds ckn ls ¼ml oD+r rd½ geus fdruh mEerksa dks gykd dj ekjk vkSj ¼,s jlwy½rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj vius cUnksa ds xqukgksa dks tkuus vkSj ns[kus ds fy, dkQh gS ¼17½¼vkSj xokg Ókfgn dh t+#jr ugha½ vkSj tks Ó[+l nqfu;k dk [+okgk¡ gks rks ge ftls pkgrs vkSjtks pkgrs gSa mlh nqfu;k eas fljnLr ¿Q+kSjuÀ mls vrk djrs gSa ¼exj½ fQj geus mlds fy, rkstgUuqe Bgjk gh j[kk gS fd og mlesa cqjh gkyr ls jkSank gqvk nkf[k+y gksxk ¼18½vkSj tks Ó[+l vkf[k+j dk eqrebuh gks vkSj mlds fy, [kwc tSlh pkfg, dksf'k'k Hkh dh vkSj ogbekunkj Hkh gS rks ;gh og yksx gSa ftudh dksf'k'k ed+cwy gksxh ¼19½¼,s jlwy½ mudks ¼x+jt+ lcdks½ ge gh rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh ¼viuh½ cf[+'k'k ls enn nsrs gSavkSj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh cf[+'k'k rks ¼vke gS½ fdlh ij cUn ugha ¼20½¼,s jlwy½ t+jk ns[kks rks fd geus ckt+ yksxksa dks ckt+ ij dSlh Qt+hyr nh gS vkSj vkf[k+jr dsntsZ rks ;d+huu ¼;gk¡ ls½ dgha c

vkSj d+jkcrnkjksa vkSj eksgrkt vkSj ijnslh dks mudk gd+ ns nks vkSj [k+cjnkj Qqt+wy [k+phZ erfd;k djks ¼26½D;ksafd Qqt+wy[k+phZ djus okys ;d+huu ÓSrkuksa ds HkkbZ gS vkSj ÓSrku vius ijojfnxkj dk cM+kuk'kqØh djus okyk gS ¼27½vkSj rqedks vius ijojfnxkj ds Qt+y o dje ds bUrt+kj esa ftldh rqe dks mEehn gks¼etcwju½ mu ¼x+jhcksa½ ls eq¡g eksM+uk iM+s rks ujeh ls mudks le>k nks ¼28½vkSj vius gkFk dks u rks xnZu ls c¡/kk gqvk ¼cgqr rax½ dj yks ¼fd fdlh dks dqN nks ghugha½ vkSj u fcYdqy [kksy nks fd lc dqN ns Mkyks vkSj vkf[k+j rqe dks eyker t+nk gljr lscSBuk iM+s ¼29½blesa Ód ugha fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj ftlds fy, pkgrk gS jkst+h dks Qjk[k+ ¿c

vkSj ftl pht+ dk fd rqEgsa ;d+hu u gks ¼[+okg ek [+okg½ mlds ihNs u iM+k djks ¼D;ksafd½dku vkSj vk¡[k vkSj fny bu lcdh ¼d+;ker ds fnuk ;d+huu ckt+iqlZ gksrh gS ¼36½vkSj ¼ns[kks½ t+ehu ij vdM+ dj u pyk djks D;ksafd rw ¼vius bl /kekds dh pky ls½ u rkst+ehu dks gjfxt+ QkM+ Mkysxk vkSj u ¼rudj pyus ls½ gjfxt+ yEckbZ esa igkM+ksa ds cjkcj igq¡pldsxk ¼37½¼,s jlwy½ bu lc ckrksa esa ls tks cqjh ckr gS og rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ds ut+nhd ukilUn gS ¼38½;s ckr rks fgder dh mu ckrksa esa ls tks rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us rqEgkjs ikl ^ogh* Hksth vkSjvYykg ds lkFk dksbZ nwljk ekcwn u cukuk vkSj u rw eyker t+nk jkbUn ¿/kqRdkjkÀ gksdj tgUuqeesa >ksad fn;k tk,xk ¼39½¼,s eq'kjsdhu eDdk½ D;k rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us rqEgsa pqu pqu dj csVs fn, gSa vkSj [kqn csfV;k¡ yhgSa ¼;kfu½ Qfj'rs blesa Ód ugha fd cM+h ¼l[+r½ ckr dgrs gks ¼40½vkSj geus rks blh d+qjku esa rjg rjg ls c;ku dj fn;k rkfd yksx fdlh rjg le>sa exj mllsrks mudh uQjr gh c

ijojfnxkj dk rUgk ft+Ø djrs gks rks dqQkj myVs iko¡ uQjr djds ¼rqEgkjs ikl ls½ Hkkx [kM+sgksrs gSa ¼46½tc ;s yksx rqEgkjh rjQ dku yxkrs gSa rks tks dqN ;s x+kSj ls lqurs gSa ge rks [kwc tkurs gSavkSj tc ;s yksx ckge dku esa ckr djrs gSa rks ml oD+r ;s t+kfye ¼bekunkjksa ls½ dgrs gSa fdrqe rks cl ,d ¼nhokus½ vkneh ds ihNs iM+s gks ftl ij fdlh us tknw dj fn;k gS ¼47½¼,s jlwy½ t+jk ns[kks rks ;s dEc[+r rqEgkjh fuLcr dSlh dSlh QCfr;k¡ dgrs gSa rks ¼blh otg ls½,sls xqejkg gq, fd vc ¼gd+ dh½ jkg fdlh rjg ik gh ugha ldrs ¼48½vkSj ;s yksx dgrs gSa fd tc ge ¼ejus ds ckn lM+ xy dj½ gfM~M;k¡ jg tk,¡xsa vkSj jst+kjst+k gks tk,¡xsa rks D;k u;s fljs ls iSnk djds mBk [kM+s fd, tk,¡xsa ¼49½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd rqe ¼ejus ds ckn½ pkgs iRFkj cu tkvks ;k yksgk ;k dksbZ vkSj pht+tks rqEgkjs [+;ky esa cM+h ¼l[+r½ gks ¼50½vkSj mldk ft+Unk gksuk nq'okj gks og Hkh t+#j ft+Unk gks xbZ rks ;s yksx vud+jhc gh rqe lsiwNsxsa Hkyk gesa nksckjk dkSu ft+Unk djsxk rqe dg nks fd ogh ¼vYykg½ ftlus rqedks igyhejrck iSnk fd;k ¼tc rqe dqN u Fks½ bl ij ;s yksx rqEgkjs lkeus vius lj eVdk,¡xsa vkSjdgsxsa ¼vPNk vxj gksxk½ rks vkf[k+j dc rqe dg nks fd cgqr tYn vud+jhc gh gksxk ¼51½ftl fnu vYykg rqEgsa ¼bljkQhy ds t+fj, ls½ cqayk,xk rks mldh gEnks luk djrs gq, mldhrkehy djksxs ¼vkSj d+czksa ls fudyksxs½ vkSj rqe [+;ky djksxs fd ¼ejus ds ckn d+czks a esa½ cgqr ghde Bgjs ¼52½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ esjs ¼lPps½ cUnksa ¼eksfeuksa ls dg nks fd og ¼dkfQjksa ls½ ckr djsa rks vPNsrjhd+s ls ¼l[+r dykeh u djsa½ D;ksafd ÓSrku rks ¼,slh gh½ ckrksa ls Qlkn Myokrk gS blesa rksÓd gh ugha fd ÓSrku vkneh dk [kqyk gqvk nq'eu gS ¼53½rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj rqEgkjs gky ls [kwc okfd+Q gS vxj pkgsxk rqe ij jge djsxk vkSj vxjpkgsxk rqe ij vt+kc djsxk vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ geus rqedks dqN mu yksxksa dk ft+Eesnkj cukdj ughaHkstk gS ¼54½vkSj tks yksx vklekuksa esa gS vkSj t+ehu ij gSa ¼lc dks½ rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj [kwc tkurk gS vkSj

ge us ;d+huu ckt+ iSx+Ecjksa dks ckt+ ij Qt+hyr nh vkSj ge gh us nkÅn dks tw+cwj vrk dh¼55½¼,s jlwy½ rqe muls dg nksa fd vYykg ds flok vkSj ftu yksxksa dks ekcwn le>rs gks mudks¼oD+r iMs+½ iqdkj ds rks ns[kks fd og u rks rqe ls rqEgkjh rdyhQ gh nQk dj ldrs gSa vkSju mldks cny ldrs gSa ¼56½;s yksx ftudks eq'kjsdhu ¼viuk vYykg le>dj½ bcknr djrs gSa og [kqn vius ijojfnxkj dhd+qjcr ds t+fj, dks d+;ker rd dh eksgyr ns rks eSa ¼nkos ls dgrk gw¡ fd½ de yksxksa ds flokbldh uLy dh tM+ dkVrk jgw¡xk ¼62½

vYykg us Qjek;k py ¼nwj gks½ muesa ls tks Ó[+l rsjh iSjoh djsxk rks ¼;kn jgs fd½ rqelcdh lt+k tgUuqe gS vkSj og Hkh iwjh iwjh lt+k gS ¼63½vkSj blesa ls ftl ij viuh ¼fpduh pqiM+h½ ckr ls d+kcw ik lds ogkW vkSj vius ¼psyksa dsy'dj½ lokj vkSj iSny ¼lc½ ls pk djs vkSjmuls ¼[kwc >wVs½ ok;ns dj vkSj ÓSrku rks muls tks ok;ns djrk gS /kks[ks ¼dh Vê~h½ ds flok dqNugha gksrk ¼64½cs'kd tks esjs ¼[k+kl½ cUnsa gSa mu ij rsjk t+ksj ugha py ¼ldrk½ vkSj dkjlkt+h esa rsjkijojfnxkj dkQh gS ¼65½yksxksa½ rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj og ¼d+kfnjs eqRrfyd+½ gS tks rqEgkjs fy, leUnj es a tgkt+ksa dks pykrkgS rkfd rqe mlds Qt+y o dje ¼jkst+h½ dh ryk'k djks blesa Ód ugha fd og rqe ij cM+kesgjcku gS ¼66½vkSj tc leUnj esa dHkh rqe dks dksbZ rdyhQ igq¡ps rks ftudh rqe bcknr fd;k djrs Fks x+k;cgks x, exj cl ogh ¼,d vYykg ;kn jgrk gS½ ml ij Hkh tc vYykg us rqe dks NqVdkjknsdj [kq'kdh rd igq¡pk fn;k rks fQj rqe blls eq¡g eksM+ cSBsa vkSj bUlku cM+k gh uk'kqØk gS¼67½rks D;k rqe mldks bl dk Hkh bRfeuku gks x;k fd og rqEgsa [kq'dh dh rjQ ¼ys tkdj½¼d+k#u dh rjg½ t+ehu esa /kalk ns ;k rqe ij ¼d+kSe½ ywr dh rjg iRFkjksa dk esag cjlk ns fQj¼ml oD+r½ rqe fdlh dks viuk dkjlkt+ u ikvksxs ¼68½;k rqedks bldk Hkh bResuku gks x;k fd fQj rqedks nksckjk blh leUnj esa ys tk,xk mlds ckngok dk ,d ,slk >ksdk tks ¼tgkt+ ds½ ij[k+ps mM+k ns rqe ij Hksts fQj rqEgsa rqEgkjs dqÝ dhlt+k esa Mqck ekjs fQj rqe fdlh dks ¼,slk fgek;rh½ u ikvksxs tks gekjk ihNk djs vkSj ¼rqEgsaNksM+k tk,½ ¼69½vkSj geus ;d+huu vkne dh vkSykn dks bT+t+r nh vkSj [kq'dh vkSj rjh esa mudks ¼tkuojksadf'r;ksa ds t+fj,½ fy, fy, fQjs vkSj mUgsa vPNh vPNh pht+sa [kkus dks nh vkSj vius cgqrsjse[k+ywd+kr ij mudks vPNh [k+klh Qt+hyr nh ¼70½ml fnu ¼dks ;kn djks½ tc ge reke yksxksa dks mu is'kokvksa ds lkFk cqyk,¡xsa rks ftldk uke,

vey muds nkfgus gkFk esa fn;k tk,xk rks og yksx ¼[kq'k [kq'k½ viuk uke, vey i

vkSj ge rks d+qjku esa ogh pht+ ukft+y djrs gSa tks eksfeuksa ds fy, ¼ljklj½ f'kQk vkSj jgergS ¼exj½ ukQjekuksa dks rks ?kkVs ds flok dqN c ldrs½ vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ vxj ge pkgs rks tks ¼d+qjku½ geus rqEgkjs ikl^ogh* ds t+fj, Hkstk gS ¼nqfu;k ls½ mBk ys tk,¡ fQj rqe vius okLrs gekjs eqd+kcys esa dksbZennxkj u ikvksxs ¼86½exj ;s flQZ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh jger gS ¼fd mlus ,slk fd;k½ blesa Ód ugha fd mldk rqeij cM+k Qt+y o dje gS ¼87½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ¼vxj lkjs nqfu;k tgk¡u ds½ vkneh vkSj ftu bl ckr ij bdV~Bs gksfd ml d+qjku dk fely ys vk,¡ rks ¼uk eqefdu½ mlds cjkcj ugha yk ldrs vxjps ¼mldksdksf'k'k esa½ ,d dk ,d ennxkj Hkh cus ¼88½vkSj geus rks yksxksa ¼ds le>kus½ ds okLrs bl d+qjku esa gj fd+Le dh elysa vny cny dsc;ku dj nha ml ij Hkh vDlj yksx cx+Sj uk'kqØh fd, ugha jgrs ¼89½¼,s jlwy dqQkj eDds us½ rqels dgk fd tc rd rqe gekjs okLrs t+ehu ls p'ek ¼u½ cgkfudkyksxs ge rks rqe ij gjfxt+ beku u yk,¡xsa ¼90½;k ¼;s ugha rks½ [ktwjksa vkSj v¡xwjksa dk rqEgkjk dksbZ ckx+ gks mlesa rqe chp chp esa ugjs tkjhdjds fn[kk nks ¼91½;k tSlk rqe xqeku j[krs Fks ge ij vkleku gh dks VqdM+s ¼VqdM+s½ djds fxjkvks ;k vYykg vkSjQfj'rksa dks ¼vius d+kSy dh rLnhd+½ esa gekjs lkeus ¼xokgh esa yk [kM+k dj fn;k ¼92½

vkSj tc rd rqe ge ij vYykg ds ;gk¡ ls ,d fdrkc u ukft+y djksxs fd ge mls [kqn i

vkSj geus ;d+huu ewlk dks [kqys gq, ukS ekSftt+s vrk fd, rks ¼,s jlwy½ cuh bljkbZy ls ¼;gh½iwN ns[kks fd tc ewlk muds ikl vk, rks fQjvkÅu us muls dgk fd ,s ewlk eS rks le>rk gw¡fd fdlh us rqe ij tknw djds nhokuk cuk fn;k gS ¼101½ewlk us dgk rqe ;s t+#j tkurs gks fd ;s ekSftt+s lkjs vkleku o t+ehu ds ijojfnxkj usukft+y fd, ¼vkSj og Hkh yksxksa dh½ lw> cw> dh ckrsa gSa vkSj ,s fQjvkÅu eS rks [+;ky djrkgw¡ fd rqe ij Óker vkbZ gS ¼102½fQj fQjvkÅu us ;s Bku fy;k fd cuh bljkbZy dks ¼lj t+ehus½ feò ls fudky ckgj djs rksgeus fQjvkÅu vkSj tks yksx mlds lkFk Fks lc dks Mqcks ekjk ¼103½vkSj mlds ckn geus cuh bljkbZy ls dgk fd ¼vc rqe gh½ bl eqYd esa ¼[kwc vkjke ls½ jgkslgks fQj tc vkf[k+jr dk ok;nk vk igq¡psxk rks ge rqe lcdks lesV dj ys vk,¡xsa ¼104½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ geus bl d+qjku dks fcYdqy Bhd ukft+y fd;k vkSj fcYdqy Bhd ukft+y gqvkvkSj rqedks rks geus ¼tUur dh½ [kq'k[kcjh nsus okyk vkSj ¼vt+kc ls½ Mjkus okyk ¼jlwy½ cukdjHkstk gS ¼105½vkSj d+qjku dks geus FkksM+k FkksM+k djds blfy, ukft+y fd;k fd rqe yksxksa ds lkeus ¼t+#jr iM+usij½ eksgyr ns nsdj mldks i

vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ u rks viuh uekt+ cgqr fpYyk dj isnkj gS vkSj u mls fdlh rjg dh det+ksjh gSu dksbZ mldk ljijLr gks vkSj mldh cM+kbZ vPNh rjg djrs jgk djks ¼111½

18 lwjg dgQ+lwjg d+gQ+ eDdk esa ukft+y gqvk vkSj bldh ,d lkS nl ¼110½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSgj rjg dh rkjhQ vYykg gh dks ¼lt+kokj½ gS ftlus vius cUns ¼eksgEen½ ij fdrkc ¼d+qjku½ukft+y dh vkSj mlesa fdlh rjg dh dt+h ¼[k+jkch½ u j[kh ¼1½cfYd gj rjg ls l/kk rkfd tks l[+r vt+kc vYykg dh ckjxkg ls dkfQjksa ij ukft+y gksusokyk gS mlls yksxksa dks Mjk, vkSj ftu eksfeuhu us vPNs vPNs dke fd, gSa mudks bl ckr dh[kq'k[k+cjh ns dh muds fy, cgqr vPNk vtz ¼o lokc½ ekStwn gS ¼2½ftlesa og ges'kk ¼ckbResuku½ reke jgsxsa ¼3½vkSj tks yksx blds d+k,y gSa fd vYykg vkSykn j[krk gS mudks ¼vt+kc ls½ Mjkvks ¼4½u rks mUgha dks mldh dqN [kcj gS vkSj u muds cki nknkvksa gh dks Fkh ¼;s½ cM+h l[+r ckr gStks muds eq¡g ls fudyrh gS ;s yksx >wB ewB ds flok ¼dqN vkSj½ cksyrs gh ugha ¼5½rks ¼,s jlwy½ vxj ;s yksx bl ckr dks u ekus rks Ók;n rqe ekjs vQlksl ds muds ihNs viuhtku ns Mkyksxs ¼6½vkSj tks dqN #, t+ehu ij gS geus mldh t+hur ¼jkSud+½ d+jkj nh rkfd ge yksxksa dk bfErgkuysa fd muesa ls dkSu lcls vPNk pyu dk gS ¼7½vkSj ¼fQj½ ge ,d u ,d fnu tks dqN Hkh bl ij gS ¼lcdks feVk djds½ pfV;y eSnku cuknsxsa ¼8½¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqe ;s [+;ky djrs gks fd vlgkc dgQ o jd+he ¼[kksg½ vkSj ¼r[+rh okys½gekjh ¼d+qnjr dh½ fu'kkfu;ksa esa ls ,d vthc ¼fu'kkuh½ Fks ¼9½fd ,d ckjxh dqN toku x+kj esa vk igq¡ps vkSj nqvk dh&,s gekjs ijojfnxkj gesa viuh ckjxkgls jger vrk Qjek&vkSj gekjs okLrs gekjs dke esa dke;kch buk;r dj ¼10½

c geus dbZ cjl rd x+kj es a muds dkuksa ij insZ Mky fn, ¼mUgsa lqyk fn;k½ ¼11½fQj geus mUgsa pkSdk;k rkfd ge ns[ksa fd nks fxjksgksa esa ls fdlh dks ¼x+kj esa½ Bgjus dh eqír[kwc ;kn gS ¼12½¼,s jlwy½ vc ge mudk gky rqels fcYdqy Bhd rgd+hd+kru ¿;d+hu ds lkFkÀ c;ku djrs gSaog pUn toku Fks fd vius ¼lPps½ ijojfnxkj ij beku yk, Fks vkSj ge us mudh lksp le>vkSj T+;knk dj nh gS ¼13½vkSj geus mudh fnyksa ij ¼lcz o bLrsd+yky dh½ fxjkg yxk nh ¼fd tc nfd+;kuwl ckn'kkg usdqÝ ij etcwj fd;k½ rks mB [kM+s gq, ¼vkSj cs rkEeqy ¿[kVdsÀ½ dgus yxs gekjk ijojfnxkj rkscl lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dk ekfyd gS ge rks mlds flok fdlh ekcwn dh gjfxt+ bcknr udjsxsa ¼14½vxj ge ,slk djs rks ;d+huu geus vd+y ls nwj dh ckr dgh ¼vQlksl ,d½ ;s gekjh d+kSeds yksx gSa fd ftUgksua s vYykg dks NksM+dj ¼nwljs½ ekcwn cuk, gSa ¼fQj½ ;s yksx muds ¼ekcwngksus½ dh dksbZ ljhgh ¼[kqyh½ nyhy D;ksa ugha is'k djrs vkSj tks Ó[+l vYykg ij >wV cksgrkuck¡/ks mlls T+;knk t+kfye vkSj dkSu gksxk ¼15½¼fQj ckge dgus yxs fd½ tc rqeus mu yksxksa ls vkSj vYykg ds flok ftu ekcwnksa dh ;s yksxijlfr'k djrs gSa muls fdukjk d'kh djyh rks pyks ¼QykW½ x+kj esa tk cSBks vkSj rqEgkjkijojfnxkj viuh jger rqe ij olhg dj nsxk vkSj rqEgkjk dke esa rqEgkjs fy, vklkuh dslkeku eqg¸;k djsxk ¼16½¼x+jt+ ;s Bku dj x+kj esa tk igq¡ps½ fd tc lwjt fudyrk gS rks ns[ksxk fd og muds x+kj lsnkfguh rjQ >qd dj fudyrk gS vkSj tc x+q#c ¿MqcrkÀ gksrk gS rks muls ck;ha rjQ drjktkrk gS vkSj og yksx ¼ets+ ls½ x+kj ds vUnj ,d olhb ¿cM+hÀ txg esa ¼ysVs½ gSa ;s vYykg¼dh dqnjr½ dh fu'kkfu;ksa esa ls ¼,d fu'kkuh½ gS ftldks fgnk;r djs ogh fgnk;r ;krk gS vkSjftl dks xqejkg djs rks fQj mldk dksbZ ljijLr jguqek gjfxt+ u ikvksxs ¼17½rw mudks le>sxk fd og tkxrs gSa gkykWfd og ¼xgjh uhan esa½ lks jgs gSa vkSj ge dHkh nkfguhrjQ vkSj dHkh ck;h rjQ mudh djoV cnyok nsrs gSa vkSj mudk dqÙkk vius vkxs ds nksuks ik¡oQSyk, pkS[kV ij MVk cSBk gS ¼mudh ;s gkyr gS fd½ vxj dgha rw mudks >kd dj ns[ks rksmyVs ik¡o t+#j Hkkx [kM+s gks vkSj rsjs fny esa ng'kr lek tk, ¼18½

vkSj ¼ftl rjg viuh dqnjr ls mudks lqyk;k½ mlh rjg ¼viuh dqnjr ls½ mudks ¼txk½ mBk;krkfd vkil esa dqN iwN xN djsa ¼x+jt+½ muesa ,d cksyus okyk cksy mBk fd ¼HkbZ vkf[k+j blx+kj esa½ rqe fdruh eqír Bgjs dgus yxs ¼vjs Bgjs D;k cl½ ,d fnu ls Hkh de mlds ckndgus yxs fd ftruh nsj rqe x+kj esa Bgjs mldks rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj gh ¼dqN rqe ls½ csgrjtkurk gS ¼vPNk½ rks vc vius esa ls fdlh dks viuk ;s #i;k nsdj Ógj dh rjQ Hkstks rksog ¼tkdj½ ns[kHkky ys fd ogk¡ dkSu lk [kkuk cgqr vPNk gS fQj mlesa ls ¼t+#jr Hkj½ [kkukrqEgkjs okLrs ys vk, vkSj mls pkfg, fd og vkfgLrk pqids ls vk tk, vkSj fdlh dks rqEgkjh[k+cj u gksus ns ¼19½blesa Ód ugha fd vxj mu yksxksa dks rqEgkjh bRrsykv gks xbZ rks cl fQj rqe dks laxlkj ghdj nsaxsa ;k fQj rqe dks vius nhu dh rjQ Qsj dj ys tk,¡xs vkSj vxj ,slk gqvk rks fQjrqe dHkh dke;kc u gksxs ¼20½vkSj geus ;w¡ mudh d+kSe ds yksxksa dks mudh gkyr ij bRrsykv ¼[k+cj½ djkbZ rkfd og yksxns[k ysa fd vYykg dks ok;nk ;d+huu lPpk gS vkSj ;s ¼Hkh le> ysa½ fd d+;ker ¼ds vkus½ esadqN Hkh ÓqHkk ugha vc ¼bRfrykvk gksus ds ckn½ muds ckjs esa yksx ckge >xM+us yxs rks dqNyksxksa us dgk fd muds ¼x+kj½ ij ¼crkSj ;knxkj½ dksbZ bekjr cuk nks mudk ijojfnxkj rks mudsgky ls [kwc okfd+Q gS gh vkSj muds ckjs esa ftu ¼eksfeuhu½ dh jk, x+kfyc jgh mUgksaus dgkfd ge rks mu ¼ds x+kj½ ij ,d efLtn cuk,¡xsa ¼21½d+jhc gS fd yksx ¼uqlSjs ut+jku½ dgsxsa fd og rhu vkneh Fks pkSFkk mudk dqÙkk ¼d+rehj½ gSvkSj dqN yksx ¼vkfd+c ox+Sjg½ dgrs gSa fd og ik¡p vkneh Fks NBk mudk dqÙkk gS ¼;s lc½x+Sc esa vVdy yxkrs gSa vkSj dqN yksx dgrs gSa fd lkr vkneh gS a vkSj vkBok¡ mudk dqÙkk gS¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks dh mudk lqekj esjk ijojfnxkj gh [k+c tkurk gS mu ¼dh fxurh½ dsFkksMs+ gh yksx tkurs gSa rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ¼mu yksxksa ls½ vlgkc dgQ ds ckjs esa ljljh xqrxwds flok ¼T+;knk½ u >xM+ksa vkSj muds ckjs esa mu yksxksa ls fdlh ls dqN iwN xN ugha ¼22½vkSj fdlh dke dh fuLcr u dgk djks fd eS bldks dy d#¡xk ¼23½exj bU'kk vYykg dg dj vkSj vxj ¼bU'kk vYykg dguk½ Hkwy tkvks rks ¼tc ;kn vk,½vius ijojfnxkj dks ;kn dj yks ¼bU'kk vYykg dg yks½ vkSj dgks fd mEehn gS fd esjkijojfnxkj eq>s ,slh ckr dh fgnk;r Qjek, tks jguqekbZ esa mlls Hkh T+;knk d+jhc gks ¼24½vkSj vlgkc dgQ vius x+kj esa ukS Åij rhu lkS cjl jgs ¼25½

¼,s jlwy½ vxj og yksx bl ij Hkh u ekusa rks rqe dg nks fd vYykg muds Bgjus dh eqírls c[kwch okfd+Q gS lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu dk x+Sc mlh ds okLrs [k+kl gS ¼vYykg gksvdcj½ oks dSlk ns[kus okyk D;k gh lquus okyk gS mlds flok mu yksxksa dk dksbZ ljijLr ughavkSj og vius gqDe esa fdlh dks viuk n[k+hy ¿'kjhdÀ ugha cukrk ¼26½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ tks fdrkc rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls ogh ds t+fj, ls ukft+y gqbZ gS mldksiViV oD+r Óke dks ;kn djrs gSavkSj mldh [kq'kuwnh ds [+okgk¡ gSa muds muds lkFk rqe [kqn ¼Hkh½ vius uQl ij tcz djks vkSjmudh rjQ ls viuh ut+j ¼roTtks½ u Qsjks fd rqe nqfu;k esa ft+Unxh dh vkjkb'k pkgus yxksvkSj ftlds fny dks geus ¼xks;k [kqn½ vius ft+Ø ls x+kfQy dj fn;k gS vkSj og viuh[+okfg'ks uQlkuh ds ihNs iM+k gS vkSj mldk dke ljklj T+;knrh gS mldk dguk gjfxt+ uekuuk ¼28½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nksa fd lPph ckr ¼dye, rkSghn½ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls¼ukft+y gks pqdh gS½ cl tks pkgs ekus vkSj tks pkgs u ekus ¼exj½ geus t+kfyeksa ds fy, ogvkx ¼ngdk ds½ rS;kj dj j[kh gS ftldh d+ukrsa mUgas ?ksj ysxh vkSj vxj og yksx nksgkbZ djsxsarks mudh Qfj;kn jlh [kkSyrs gq, ikuh ls dh tk,xh tks elyu fi?kys gq, rkcsa dh rjg gksxk¼vkSj½ og eq¡g dks Hkwu Mkysxk D;k cqjk ikuh gS vkSj ¼tgUuqe Hkh½ D;k cqjh txg gS ¼29½blesa Ód ugha fd ftu yksxksa us beku dqcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke djrs jgs rks gegjfxt+ vPNs dke okyks ds vtz dks vdkjr ugha djrs ¼30½;s ogh yksx gSa ftuds ¼jgus lgus ds½ fy, lnkcgkj ¼csg'r ds½ ckx+kr gSa muds ¼edkukr ds½uhps ugjsa tkjh gksxha og mu ckx+kr esa nedrs gq, dqUnu ds daxu ls l¡okjs tk¡,xsa vkSj mUgsackjhd js'ke ¼Øsc½ vkSj ncht+ js'e ¼okQrs½ds /kkuh tksM+s iguk, tk,¡xsa vkSj r[+rksa ij rfd,yxk, ¼cSBs½ gksxsa D;k gh vPNk cnyk gS vkSj ¼csg'r Hkh vklkb'k dh½ dSlh vPNh txg gS¼31½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ bu yksxksa ls mu nks Ó[+lksa dh felky c;ku djks fd muesa ls ,d dks geus vaxwjds nks ckx+ ns j[ks gS vkSj geus pkjks vksj [ktwj ds isM+ yxk fn;s gS vkSj mu nksuksa ckx+ dsnjfE;ku [ksrh Hkh yxkbZ gS ¼32½

og nksuksa ckx+ [kwc Qy yk, vkSj Qy ykus esa dqN deh ugha dh vkSj geus mu nksuksa ckx+ksa dsnjfE;ku ugj Hkh tkjh dj nh gS ¼33½vkSj mls Qy feyk rks vius lkFkh ls tks mlls ckrsa dj jgk Fkk cksy mBk fd eS rks rq>lseky esa ¼Hkh½ T+;knk gw¡ vkSj tRFks esa Hkh cs rks bldk xqeku ugharks fd dHkh Hkh ;s ckx+ mtM+ tk, ¼35½vkSj eS rks ;s Hkh ugha [+;ky djrk fd d+;ker d+k;e gksxh vkSj ¼fcyx+jt+ gq;h Hkh rks½ tc eSvius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ykSVk;k tkÅ¡xk rks ;d+huu blls dgha vPNh txg ikÅ¡xk ¼36½mldk lkFkh tks mlls ckrsa dj jgk Fkk dgus yxk fd D;k rw ml ijojfnxkj dk eqfUdj gSftlus ¼igys½ rq>s feêh ls iSnk fd;k fQj uqRQs ls fQj rq>s fcYdqy Bhd enZ ¼vkneh½ cukfn;k ¼37½ge rks ¼dgrs gSa fd½ ogh vYykg esjk ijojfnxkj gS vkSj eS rks vius ijojfnxkj dk fdlh dksÓjhd ugha cukrk ¼38½vkSj tc rw vius ckx+ esa vk;k rks ¼;s½ D;ksa u dgk fd ;s lc ¼ek'kk vYykg vYykg gh dspkgus ls gqvk gS ¼esjk dqN Hkh ugha D;ksafd½ cx+Sj vYykg dh ¼enn½ ds ¼fdlh esa½ dqN ldrugha vxj eky vkSj vkSykn dh jkg ls rw eq>s de le>rk gS ¼39½rks vud+hjc gh esjk ijojfnxkj eq>s og ckx+ vrk Qjek,xk tks rsjs ckx+ ls dgha csgrj gksxkvkSj rsjs ckx+ ij dksbZ ,slh vkQr vkleku ls ukft+y djs fd ¼[k+kd fl;kg½ gksdj pfV;yfpduk lQ+kpV eSnku gks tk, ¼40½mldk ikuh uhps mrj ¼ds [kq'd½ gks tk, fQj rks mldks fdlh rjg ryc u dj lds ¼41½¼pqukUps vt+kc ukft+y gqvk½ vkSj mlds ¼ckx+ ds½ Qy ¼vkQr esa½ ?ksj fy, x, rks ml ekyij tks ckx+ dh rS;kjh esa lQZ+ ¼[kpZ½ fd;k Fkk ¼vQlksl ls½ gkFk eyus yxk vkSj ckx+ dh ;sgkyr Fkh fd viuh Vgfu;ksa ij vkSa/kk fxjk gqvk iM+k Fkk rks dgus yxk dk'k eS viusijojfnxkj dk fdlh dks Ójhd u cukrk ¼42½

vkSj vYykg ds flok mldk dksbZ tRFkk Hkh u Fkk fd mldh enn djrk vkSj u og cnyk ysldrk Fkk blh txg ls ¼lkfcr gks x;k ¼43½fd ljijLrh [k+kl vYykg gh ds fy, gS tks lPpk gS ogh csgrj lokc ¼nsus½ okyk gS vkSjvUtke ds taxy ls Hkh ogh csgrj gS ¼44½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ buls nqfu;k dh ft+Unxh dh ely Hkh c;ku dj nks fd mlds gkyr ikuh dh lhgS ftls geus vkleku ls cjlk;k rks t+ehu dh mxkus dh rkd+r mlesa fey xbZ vkSj ¼[kwc QyhQwyh½ fQj vkf[k+j jst+k jst+k ¼Hkwlk½ gks xbZ fd mldks gok,¡ mM+k, fQjrh gS vkSj vYykg gjpht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼45½¼,s jlwy½ eky vkSj vkSykn ¼bl t+jk lh½ nqfu;k dh ft+Unxh dh t+hur gSa vkSj ckd+h jgus okyhusfd;k¡ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ds ut+nhd lokc esa mlls dgh T+;knk vPNh gSa vkSj reUuk,¡ o vkjtwdh jkg ls ¼Hkh½ csgrj gSa ¼46½vkSj ¼ml fnu ls Mjks½ ftl fnu ge igkM+ksa dks pyk,¡xsa vkSj rqe t+ehu dks [kqyk eSnku ¼igkM+ksals½ [kkyh ns[kksxs vkSj ge bu lHkh dks bdV~Bk djsxs rks muesa ls ,d dks u NksM+sxsa ¼47½lcds lc rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ds lkeus drkj is d+rkj is'k fd, tk,¡xsa vkSj ¼ml oD+r ge ;knfnyk,¡xs fd ftl rjg geus rqedks igyh ckj iSnk fd;k Fkk ¼mlh rjg½ rqe yksxksa dks ¼vkf[k+j½gekjs ikl vkuk iM+k exj rqe rks ;s [+;ky djrs Fks fd ge rqEgkjs ¼nksckjk iSnk djus ds½ fy,dksbZ oD+r gh u Bgjk,¡xsa ¼48½vkSj yksxksa ds vkeky dh fdrkc ¼lkeus½ j[kh tk,¡xh rks rqe xqusgxkjksa dks ns[kksxs fd tks dqNmlesa ¼fy[kk½ gS ¼ns[k ns[k dj½ lges gq, gSa vkSj dgrs tkrs gSa gk, gekjh Óker ;s dSlhfdrkc gS fd u NksVs gh xqukg dks cs d+yecUn fd, NksM+rh gS u cM+s xqukg dks vkSj tks dqNbu yksxksa us ¼nqfu;k esa½ fd;k Fkk og lc ¼fy[kk gqvk½ ekStwn ik,¡xsa vkSj rsjk ijojfnxkj fdlhij ¼t+jkZ cjkcj½ t++qYe u djsxk ¼49½vkSj ¼og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc geus Qfj'rks dks gqDe fn;k fd vkne dks ltnk djks rksbcyhl ds flok lcus ltnk fd;k ¼;s bcyhl½ ftUukr ls Fkk rks vius ijojfnxkj ds gqDe lsfudy Hkkxk rks ¼yksxksa½ D;k eq>s NksM+dj mldks vkSj mldh vkSykn dks viuk nksLr cukrs gksgkykWfd og rqEgkjk ¼d+nheh½ nq'eu gSa t+kfyeksa ¼us vYykg ds cnys ÓSrku dks viuk nksLr cuk;k;s mu½ dk D;k cqjk ,sot+ gS ¼50½

eSus u rks vkleku o t+ehu ds iSnk djus ds oD+r mudks ¼enn ds fy,½ cqyk;k Fkk vkSj u[kqn muds iSnk djus ds oD+r vkSj eS ¼,slk x;k xqt+jk½ u Fkk fd eS xqejkg djus okyksa dksennxkj cukrk ¼51½vkSj ¼ml fnu ls Mjks½ ftl fnu vYykg Qjek,xk fd vc rqe ftu yksxksa dks esjk Ójhd+ [;kydjrs Fks mudks ¼enn ds fy,½ iqdkjks rks og yksx mudks iqdkjsxsa exj og yksx mudh dqN ulqusxsa vkSj ge mu nksuksa ds chp esa egyd ¿[krjukdÀ vkM+ cuk nsaxs ¼52½vkSj xqusgxkj yksx ¼ns[kdj le> tk,¡xsa fd ;s blesa lksds tk,¡xs vkSj mlls xjht+ ¿cpus dhÀ dhjkg u ik,¡xsa ¼53½vkSj geus rks bl d+qjku esa yksxksa ¼ds le>kus½ ds okLrs gj rjg dh felkysa Qsj cny dj c;kudj nh gS exj bUlku rks reke e[k+ywd+kr ls T+;knk >xM+kyw gS ¼54½vkSj tc yksxksa ds ikl fgnk;r vk pqdh rks ¼fQj½ mudks beku ykus vkSj vius ijojfnxkj lsex+fQjr dh nqvk ek¡xus ls ¼mlds flok vkSj dkSu½ vez ek;us gS fd vxyksa dh lh jhr jLemudks Hkh is'k vkbZ ;k gekjk vt+kc muds lkeus ls ¼ekStwn½ gks ¼55½vkSj ge rks iSx+Ecjksa dks flQZ blfy, Hkstrs gSa fd ¼vPNksa dks futkr dh½ [kq'k[k+cjh lquk,W vkSj¼cnkssa dks vt+kc ls½ Mjk,W vkSj tks yksx dkfQj gSa >wVh >wVh ckrksa dk lgkjk idM+ ds >xM+kdjrs gS rkfd mldh cnkSyr gd+ dks ¼mldh txg ls m[kkM+ Qsdsa vkSj mu yksxksa us esjh vk;rksadks ftl ¼vt+kc ls½ ;s yksx Mjk, x, gWlh B~B~Bk ¿et+kdÀ cuk j[kk gS ¼56½vkSj mlls c ldsavkSj ¼xks;k½ muds dkuksa esa fxjkuh iSnk dj nh gS fd ¼lqu u ldsa½ vkSj vxj rqe mudks jkgsjkLr dh rjQ+ cqykvks Hkh rks ;s gjfxt+ dHkh #c# gksus okys ugha gSa ¼57½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj rks cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS vxj mudh djrwrksa dh lt+kesa /kj idM+ djrk rks QkSju ¼nqfu;k gh esa½ mu ij vt+kc ukft+y dj nsrk exj muds fy, rks,d fe;kn ¼eqd+jZj½ gS ftlls vYykg ds flok dghsa iukg dh txg u ik,Wxsa ¼58½vkSj ;s cfLr;k¡ ¼ftUgsa rqe viuh vk¡[kksa ls ns[krs gks½ tc mu yksxksa us ljd'kh rks geus mUgsagykd dj ekjk vkSj geus mudh gykdr dh fe;kn eqd+jZj dj nh Fkh ¼59½

¼,s jlwy½ og okd+;k ;kn djks tc ewlk f[kt+z dh eqykd+kr dks pys rks vius toku olh ;w'kkls cksys fd tc rd esa nksuksa nfj;kvksa ds feyus dh txg u igq¡p tkÅ¡ ¼pyus ls½ ckt+ uvkÅ¡xk ¼60½[+okg ¼vxj eqykd+kr u gks rks½ cjlksa ;w¡ gh pyrk tkÅ¡xk fQj tc ;s nksuksa mu nksuksa nfj;kvksads feyus dh txg igq¡ps rks viuh ¼Hkquh gq;h½ eNyh NksM+ pys rks mlus nfj;k esa lqjax cukdjviuh jkg yh ¼61½fQj tc dqN vkSj vkxs cs vki ls mldk ft+Ø djuk ÓSrku us Hkqykfn;k vkSj eNyh us vthc rjg ls nfj;k esa viuh jkg yh ¼63½ewlk us dgk ogh rks og ¼txg½ gS ftldh ge tqLrtw ¿ryk'kÀ esa Fks fQj nksuksa vius d+ne dsfu'kkuksa ij ns[krs ns[krs myVs ikWo fQjs ¼64½rks ¼tgk¡ eNyh Fkh½ nksuksa us gekjs cUnksa esa ls ,d ¼[k+kl½ cUnk f[ktz dks ik;k ftldks geusviuh ckjxkg ls jger ¼foyk;r½ dk fgLlk vrk fd;k Fkk ¼65½vkSj geus mls bYe ynqUuh ¼vius [k+kl bYe½ esa ls dqN fl[kk;k Fkk ewlk us mu ¼f[k+tz½ ls dgkD;k ¼vkidh btkt+r gS fd½ eS bl x+jt+ ls vkids lkFk lkFk jgw¡ ¼66½fd tks jguqekbZ dk bYe vkidks gS ¼vYykg dh rjQ ls½ fl[kk;k x;k gS mlesa ls dqN eq>s Hkhfl[kk nhft, f[ktz us dgk ¼eS fl[kk nw¡xk exj½ vkils esjs lkFk lcz u gks ldsxk ¼67½vkSj ¼lp rks ;s gS½ tks pht+ vkids bYeh vgkrs ls ckgj gks ¼68½ml ij vki lcz D;kasdj dj ldrs gSa ewlk us dgk ¼vki bRfeuku jf[k,½ vxj vYykg us pkgkrks vki eq>s lkfcj vkneh ik,¡xsa ¼69½vkSj eS vkids fdlh gqDe dh ukQjekuh u d#¡xk f[ktz us dgk vPNk rks vxj vki dks esjslkFk jguk gS rks tc rd eS [kqn vkils fdlh ckr dk ft+Ø u NsM¡+w ¼70½

vki eq>ls fdlh pht+ ds ckjs es a u iwfN;sxk x+jt+ ;s nksuks ¼feydj½ py [kM+s gq, ;gk¡ rd fd¼,d nfj;k esa½ tc nksuksa d'rh esa lokj gq, rks f[k+tz us d'rh esa Nsn dj fn;k ewlk us dgk¼vki us rks x+t+c dj fn;k½ D;k d'rh esa bl x+jt+ ls lqjk[k+ fd;k gS ¼71½fd yksxksa dks Mqck nhft, ;s rks vki us cM+h vthc ckr dh gS&f[k+tz us dgk D;k eSus vki ls¼igys gh½ u dg fn;k Fkk ¼72½fd vki esjs lkFk gjfxt+ lcz u dj ldsxs&ewlk us dgk vPNk tks gqvk lks gqvk vki esjhfxjQr u dhft, vkSj eq> ij esjs bl ekeys esa bruh l[+rh u dhft, ¼73½¼[k+Sj ;s rks gks x;k½ fQj nksuksa ds nksuksa vkxs pys ;gk¡ rd fd nksuksa ,d yM+ds ls feys rks mlcUns vYykg us mls tku ls ekj Mkyk ewlk us dgk ¼,s ekt+ vYykg½ D;k vkius ,d eklweÓ[+l dks ekj Mkyk vkSj og Hkh fdlh ds ¼[k+kSQ ds½ cnys esa ugha vkius rks ;d+huh ,d vthcgjdr dh ¼74½f[ktz us dgk fd eSaus vkils ¼eqd+jZj½ u dg fn;k Fkk fd vki esjs lkFk gjfxt+ ugha lcz djldsxsa ¼75½ewlk us dgk ¼[k+Sj tks gqvk og gqvk½ vc vxj eSa vki ls fdlh pht+ ds ckjs esa iwNxN d:¡xkrks vki eq>s vius lkFk u jf[k;sxk cs'kd vki esjh rjQ ls ekt+jr ¼dh gn dks½ igq¡p x,¼76½x+jt+ ¼;s lc gks gqvk dj fQj½ nksuksa vkxs pys ;gk¡ rd fd tc ,d xk¡o okyksa ds ikl igq¡psrks ogk¡ ds yksxksa ls dqN [kkus dks ek¡xk rks mu yksxksa us nksuksa dks esgeku cukus ls bUdkj djfn;k fQj mu nksuksa us mlh xk¡o esa ,d nhokj dks ns[kk fd fxjk gh pkgrh Fkh rks f[ktz us mlslh/kk [kM+k dj fn;k ml ij ewlk us dgk vxj vki pkgrs rks ¼bu yksxksa ls½ bldh et+nwjh ysldrs Fks ¼77½¼rkfd [kkus dk lgkjk gksrk½ f[ktz us dgk esjs vkSj vkids njfE;ku Nqêe Nqêk vc ftu ckrksa ijvki ls lcz u gks ldk eSa vHkh vki dks mudh vly gd+hdr crk, nsrk gw¡ ¼78½¼yhft, lqfu;s½ og d'rh ¼ftlesa eSaus lqjk[k+ dj fn;k Fkk½ rks pUn x+jhcksa dh Fkh tks nfj;k esaesgur djds xqt+kjk djrs Fks eSaus pkgk fd mls ,scnkj cuk nw¡ ¼D;ksafd½ muds ihNs&ihNs ,d¼t+kfye½ ckn'kkg ¼vkrk½ Fkk fd reke df'r;ka t+cjnLrh csxkj esa idM+ ysrk Fkk ¼79½

vkSj og tks yM+dk ftldks eSaus ekj Mkyk rks mlds ek¡ cki nksuksa ¼lPps½ bekunkj gSa rks eq>dks;s vUns'kk gqvk fd ¼,slk u gks fd cM+k gksdj½ mudks Hkh vius ljd'kh vkSj dqÝ+ esa Q¡lk ns¼80½rks geus pkgk fd ¼ge mldks ekj Mkys vkSj½ mudk ijojfnxkj blds cnys esa ,slk Qjt+Un vrkQjek, tks mlls ikd uQ+lh vkSj ikd djkcr esa csgrj gks ¼81½vkSj og tks nhokj Fkh ¼ftls eSaus [kM+k dj fn;k½ rks og 'kgj ds nks ;rhe yM+dksa dh Fkh vkSjmlds uhps mUgha nksuksa yM+dksa dk [k+t+kuk ¼xM+k gqvk Fkk½ vkSj mu yM+dksa dk cki ,d usdvkneh Fkk rks rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us pkgk fd nksuksa yM+ds viuh tokuh dks igq¡ps rks rqEgkjsijojfnxkj dh esgjckuh ls viuk [k+t+kus fudky ys vkSj eSaus ¼tks dqN fd;k½ dqN vius ,f[+r;kjls ugha fd;k ¼cfYd [kq+nk ds gqDe ls½ ;s gd+hd+r gS mu okd+;kr dh ftu ij vkils lcz ugks ldk ¼82½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqels yksx t+qyd+juSu dk gky ¼bErsgku½ iwNk djrs gSa rqe muds tokc esa dg nksfd eSa Hkh rqEgsa mldk dqN gky crk nsrk gw¡ ¼83½¼vYykg Qjekrk gS fd½ cs'kd geus mudks t+ehu ij dq+njrsa gqdwer vrk dh Fkh vkSj geus mlsgj pht+ ds lkt+ o lkeku ns j[ks Fks ¼84½og ,d lkeku ¼lQj ds½ ihNs iM+k ¼85½;gk¡ rd fd tc ¼pyrs&pyrs½ vkQrkc ds x+q:c gksus dh txg igq¡pk rks vkQrkc mudks ,slkfn[kkbZ fn;k fd ¼xks;k½ og dkyh dhpM+ ds p'esa esa Mwc jgk gS vkSj mlh p'esa ds d+jhc ,dd+kSe dks Hkh vkckn ik;k geus dgk ,s tq+ydjuSu ¼rqedks ,f[+r;kj gS½ [+okg buds dqÝ dh otgls budh lt+k djks ¼fd bZeku yk,½ ;k buds lkFk gqLus lqywd dk 'ksok ,f[+r;kj djks ¼fd [kq+nbeku d+qcwy djsa½ ¼86½tq+ydjuSu us vt+Z dh tks 'k[+l ljd'kh djsxk rks ge mldh QkSju lt+k dj nsxsa ¼vkf[k+j½ fQjog ¼d+;ker esa½ vius ijojfnxkj ds lkeus ykSVkdj yk;k gh tk,xk vkSj og cqjh ls cqjh lt+knsxk ¼87½vkSj tks 'k[+l bZeku dq+cwy djsxk vkSj vPNs dke djsxk rks ¼oSlk gh½ mlds fy, vPNs ls vPNkcnyk gS vkSj ge cgqr tYn mls vius dkeksa esa ls vklku dke ¼djus½ dks dgsaxs ¼88½

fQj ml us ,d nwljh jkg ,f[+r;kj dh ¼89½;gk¡ rd fd tc pyrs&pyrs vkQrkc ds rwywm gksus dh txg igq¡pk rks ¼vkQrkc½ ls ,slk ghfn[kkbZ fn;k ¼xks;k½ dqN yksxksa ds lj ij ml rjg rqywm dj jgk gS ftu ds fy, geus vkQrkcds lkeus dksbZ vkM+ ugha cuk;k Fkk ¼90½vkSj Fkk Hkh ,slk gh vkSj tq+yd+juSu ds ikl oks dqN Hkh Fkk gedks mlls iwjh okdfQ+;r Fkh¼91½¼x+jt+½ mlus fQj ,d vkSj jkg ,f[+r;kj dh ¼92½;gk¡ rd fd tc pyrs&pyrs jkse esa ,d igkM+ ds ¼daxqjksa ds½ nhokjksa ds chpks chp igq¡p x;krks mu nksuksa nhokjksa ds bl rjQ ,d d+kSe dks ¼vkckn½ ik;k rks ckr phr dqN le> gh ughaldrh Fkh ¼93½mu yksxksa us eqrjfTte ds t+fj, ls vt+Z dh ,s t+qydjuSu ¼blh ?kkVh ds m/kj ;ktwt ektwt dhd+kSe gS tks½ eqYd esa Q+lkn QSyk;k djrs gSa rks vxj vki dh btkt+r gks rks ge yksx bl x+t+Zls vkils ikl pUnk tek djsa fd vki gekjs vkSj muds njfE;ku dksbZ nhokj cuk nsa ¼94½tqydjuSu us dgk fd esjs ijojfnxkj us [k+pZ dh tks dq+njr eq>s ns j[kh gS og ¼rqEgkjs pUns ls½dgha csgrj gS ¼eky dh t+:jr ugha½ rqe Qd+r eq>s d+wor ls enn nks rks eSa rqEgkjs vkSj mudsnjfE;ku ,d jksd cuk nw¡ ¼95½¼vPNk rks½ eq>s ¼dgha ls½ yksgs dh flys yk nks ¼pqukUps og yksx½ yk, vkSj ,d cM+h nhokjcukbZ ;gk¡ rd fd tc nksuks daxwjks ds njes;ku ¼nhokj½ dks cqyUn djds mudks cjkcj dj fn;krks mudks gqDe fn;k fd blds fxnZ vkx yxkdj /kkSdks ;gka rd mldks ¼/kkSadrs&/kkSadrs½ ykyv¡xkjk cuk fn;k ¼96½rks dgk fd vc gedks rk¡ck nks fd bldks fi?kykdj bl nhokj ij m¡Msy nsa ¼x+jt+½ og ,slhÅ¡ph et+cwr nhokj cuh fd u rks ;ktwt o ektwt ml ij p

vkSj ge ml fnu ¼mUgsa mudh gkyr ij½ NksM+ nsaxs fd ,d nwljs esa ¼Vdjk ds nfj;k dh½ ygjksadh rjg xqM+eqM+ gks tk,¡ vkSj lwj Qw¡dk tk,xk rks ge lc dks bdV~Bk djsaxs ¼99½vkSj mlh fnu tgUuqe dks mu dkfQjksa ds lkeus [kqYye [kqYyk is'k djsaxs ¼100½vkSj mlh ¼jlwy dh nq'euh dh lPph ckr½ dqN Hkh lqu gh u ldrs Fks ¼101½rks D;k ftu yksxksa us dqÝ ,f[+r;kj fd;k bl [+;ky esa gSa fd gedks NksM+dj gekjs cUnksa dksviuk ljijLr cuk ysa ¼dqN iwNxN u gksxh½ ¼vPNk lquks½ geus dkfQjksa dh esgekunkjh ds fy,tgUuqe rS;kj dj j[kh gS ¼102½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd D;k ge mu yksxksa dk irk crk nsa tks yksx vkeky dh gSfl;r lscgqr ?kkVs esa gSa ¼103½¼;s½ og yksx ¼gSa½ ftu dh nqfu;koh ft+Unxh dh jkbZ ¼dksf'k'k lc½ vdkjr gks xbZ vkSj og ml[k+ke [+;ky esa gSa fd og ;d+huu vPNs&vPNs dke dj jgs gSa ¼104½;gh og yksx gSa ftUgksaus vius ijojfnxkj dh vk;krksa ls vkSj ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ mlds lkeusgkft+j gksus ls bUdkj fd;k rks mudk lc fd;k djk;k vdkjr gqvk rks ge mlds fy, d+;kerds fnu ehtku fglkc Hkh d+k;e u djsaxs ¼105½¼vkSj lh/ks tgUuqe esa >ksad nsxsa½ ;s tgUuqe mudh djrwrksa dk cnyk gS fd mUgksaus dqÝ ,f[+r;kjfd;k vkSj esjh vk;rksa vkSj esjs jlwyksa dks g¡lh BB~Bk cuk fy;k ¼106½cs'kd ftu yksxksa us beku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs&vPNs dke fd;s mudh esgekunkjh ds fy,fQjnkSl ¼cjh½ ds ckx+kr gksaxs ftuesa og ges'kk jgsaxs ¼107½vkSj ogk¡ ls fgyus dh Hkh [+okfg'k u djsaxs ¼108½¼,s jlwy mu yksxksa ls½ dgks fd vxj esjs ijojfnxkj dh ckrksa ds ¼fy[kus ds½ okLrs leUnj ¼dkikuh½ Hkh fl;kgh cu tk, rks d+Cy mlds fd esjs ijojfnxkj dh ckrsa [k+Re gksa leUnj gh [k+Regks tk,xk vxjps ge oSlk gh ,d leUnj ml dh enn dks yk¡, ¼109½¼,s jlwy½ dg nks fd eSa Hkh rqEgkjk gh ,slk ,d vkneh gw¡ ¼Qd+Z bruk gS½ fd esjs ikl ;s oghvkbZ gS fd rqEgkjs ekcwn ;drk ekcwn gSa rks oks 'k[+l vkjt+weUn gksdj vius ijojfnxkj ds lkeus

gkft+j gksxk rks mls vPNs dke djus pkfg, vkSj vius ijojfnxkj dh bcknr esa fdlh dks 'kjhdu djsa ¼110½

19 lwjg efj;elwjg efj;e eDdk esa ukft+y gqvk vkSj bldh 98 vk;ras gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSdkQ+ gk ;k ,su lkn ¼1½;s rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh esgjckuh dk ft+Ø gS tks ¼mlus½ vius [k+kl cUns t+dfj;k ds lkFk dhFkh ¼2½fd tc t+dfj;k us vius ijojfnxkj dks /kheh vkokt+ ls iqdkjk ¼3½¼vkSj½ vt+Z dh ,s esjs ikyus okys esjh gfì;k¡ det+ksj gks xbZ vkSj lj gS fd cq gS il rw eq>dks viuh ckjxkg ls ,d tk¡u'khu Qjt+Unvrk Q+jek ¼5½tks esjh vkSj ;kdw+c dh uLy dh ehjkl dk ekfyd gks ,s esjs ijojfnxkj vkSj mldks viukilUnhnk cUnk cuk ¼6½[kq+nk us Qjek;k ge rqedks ,d yM+ds dh [kq'k[k+cjh nsrs gSa ftldk uke ;g;k gksxk vkSj geusmlls igys fdlh dks mldk geuke ugha iSnk fd;k ¼7½t+dfj;k us vt+Z dh ;k bykgh ¼Hkyk½ eq>s yM+dk D;ksadj gksxk vkSj gkyr ;s gS fd esjh chohck¡> gS vkSj eSa [kq+n gn ls T+;knk cq

t+dfj;k us vt+Z dh bykgh esjs fy, dksbZ vyker eqd+jZj dj nsa gqDe gqvk rqEgkjh igpku ;s gSfd rqe rhu jkr ¼fnu½ cjkcj yksxksa ls ckr ugha dj ldksxs ¼10½fQj t+dfj;k ¼vius bcknr ds½ gqtjs ls viuh d+kSe ds ikl ¼fgnk;r nsus ds fy,½ fudys rksmu ls b'kkjk fd;k fd rqe yksx lqcg o 'kke cjkcj mldh rlchg ¼o rd+nhl½ fd;k djks¼11½¼x+jt+ ;g;k iSnk gq, vkSj geus muls dgk½ ,s ;g;k fdrkc ¼rkSjsr½ et+cwrh ds lkFk yks ¼12½vkSj geus mUgsa cpiu gh esa viuh ckjxkg ls uqcwor vkSj jgefnyh vkSj ikd+ht+xh vrk QjekbZ¼13½vkSj og ¼[k+qn Hkh½ ijgst+xkj vkSj vius ek¡ cki ds gd+ esa lvknreUn Fks vkSj ljd'k ukQjekuu Fks ¼14½vkSj ¼gekjh rjQ ls½ mu ij ¼cjkcj½ lyke gS ftl fnu iSnk gq, vkSj ftl fnu ejsaxs vkSjftl fnu ¼nksckjk½ ft+Unk mBk [kM+s fd, tk,¡xs ¼15½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ dq+jku esa efj;e dk Hkh rt+fdjk djks fd tc og vius yksxksa ls vyx gksdjiwjc dh rjQ+ okys edku esa ¼xq+Ly ds okLrs½ tk cSBsa ¼16½fQj mlus mu yksxksa ls ijnk dj fy;k rks geus viuh :g ¼ftcjhy½ dks mu ds ikl Hkstk rksog vPNs [k+kls vkneh dh lwjr cudj muds lkeus vk [kM+k gqvk ¼17½¼og mldks ns[kdj ?kcjkbZ vkSj½ dgus yxh vxj rw ijgst+xkj gS rks eSa rq> ls [kq+nk dh iukgek¡xrh gw¡ ¼18½¼esjs ikl ls gV tk½ ftcjhy us dgk eSa rks lkQ+ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dk iSx+ecj ¼Q+fj'rk½ gw¡rkfd rqedks ikd o ikdht+k yM+dk vrk d:¡ ¼19½efj;e us dgk eq>s yM+dk D;ksadj gks ldrk gS gkyk¡fd fdlh enZ us eq>s Nqvk rd ugha gS vkSeSa u cndkj gw¡ ¼20½ftcjhy us dgk rqeus dgk Bhd ¼exj½ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us Q+jek;k gS fd ;s ckr ¼cs cki ds

yM+dk iSnk djuk½ eq> ij vklku gS rkfd bldks ¼iSnk djds½ yksxksa ds okLrs ¼viuh d+q+njrdh½ fu'kkuh d+jkj nsa vkSj viuh [k+kl jger dk t+fj;k cuk;sa ¼21½vkSj ;s ckr QSlyk 'kqnk gS x+jt+ yM+ds ds lkFk og vki gh vki gkesyk gks xbZ fQj bldhotg ls yksxksa ls vyx ,d nwj ds edku esa pyh xbZ ¼22½fQj ¼tc tuus dk oD+r d+jhc vk;k rks njns t+g½ mUgsa ,d [ktwj ds ¼lw[ks½ nj[+r dh tM+ esays vk;k vkSj ¼csdlh esa 'keZ ls½ dgus yxha dk'k eSa blls igys ej tkrh vkSj ¼u iSn gksdj½¼23½fcYdqy Hkwyh fcljh gks tkrh rc ftcjhy us efj;e ds ikbZu dh rjQ+ ls vkokt+ nh fd rqedq dks mlh usfdrkc ¼bUthy½ vrk QjekbZ gS vkSj eq> dks uch cuk;k ¼30½vkSj eS ¼pkgs½ dgha jgw¡ eq> dks eqckjd cuk;k vkSj eq> dks tc rd ft+Unk jgw¡ uekt+ i dks viuh okysnk dk Q+jekcjnkj cuk;k ¼31½

vkSj ¼vygenksfYykg fd½ eq>dks ljd'k ukQjeku ugha cuk;k ¼32½vkSj ¼[kq+nk dh rjQ+ ls½ ftl fnu eSa iSnk gqvk gw¡ vkSj ftl fnu e:¡xk eq> ij lyke gS vkSjftl fnu ¼nksckjk½ ft+Unk mBk dj [kM+k fd;k tkÅ¡xk ¼33½;s gS fd efj;e ds csVs bZlk dk lPpk ¼lPpk½ fd+Llk ftlesa ;s yksx ¼[+okge[+okg½ 'kd fd;kdjrs gSa ¼34½[kq+nk fd fy, ;s fdlh rjg lt+kokj ugha fd og ¼fdlh dks½ csVk cuk, og ikd o idht+k gStc og fdlh dke dk djuk Bku ysrk gS rks cl mldks dg nsrk gS fd Þgks tkß rks og gkstkrk gS ¼35½vkSj blesa rks 'kd gh ugha fd [kq+nk ¼gh½ esjk ¼Hkh½ ijojfnxkj gS vkSj rqEgkjk ¼Hkh½ ijojfnxkjgS rks lc ds lc mlh dh bcknr djks ;gh ¼rkSghn½ lh/kk jkLrk gS ¼36½¼vkSj ;gh nhu bZlk ysdj vk, Fks½ fQj ¼dkfQjksa ds½ fQ+jdksa us cge ,[+krsykQ fd;k rks ftuyksxksa us dqÝ b[+Sr;kj fd;k muds fy, cM+s ¼l[+r fnu [kq+nk ds gqt+wj½ gkft+j gksus ls [k+jkch gS¼37½ftl fnu ;s yksx gekjs gqt+wj esa gkft+j gksaxs D;k dqN lqurs ns[krs gksaxs exj vkt rks uQ+jekuyksx [kqYye [kqYyk xqejkgh esa gSa ¼38½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe mudks gljr ¼vQ+lksl½ ds fnu ls Mjkvks tc d+rbZ QSlyk dj fn;k tk,xkvkSj ¼bl oD+r rks½ ;s yksx x+Qyr esa ¼iM+s gSa½ ¼39½vkSj beku ugha ykrs blesa 'kd ugha fd ¼,d fnu½ t+ehu ds vkSj tks dqN ml ij gS ¼mlds½ge gh okfjl gksaxs ¼40½¼vkSj lc usLr o ukcwn gks tk,¡xs½ vkSj lc ds lc gekjh rjQ+ ykSVk, tk,¡xs vkSj ¼,s jlwy½d+q+jku esa bcjkghe dk ¼Hkh½ rt+fdjk djks ¼41½blesa 'kd ugha fd og cM+s lPps uch Fks tc mUgksaus vius ppk vkSj eq¡g cksys cki ls dgk fd,s vCck vki D;ksa] ,slh pht+ ¼cqr½ dh ijlfr'k djrs gSa tks us lqu ldrk gS vkSj u ns[kldrk gS ¼42½

vkSj u dqN vkids dke gh vk ldrk gS ,s esjs vCck ;d+huu esjs ikl og bYe vk pqdk gStks vkids ikl ugha vk;k rks vki esjh iSjoh dhft, eSa vkidks ¼nhu dh½ lh/kh jkg fn[kk nw¡xk¼43½,s vCck vki 'kSrku dh ijlfr'k u dhft, ¼D;ksafd½ 'kSrku ;d+huu [kq+nk dk ukQ+jeku ¼cUnk½gSA ¼44½,s vCck eSa ;d+huu blls Mjrk gw¡ fd ¼eqcknk½ [kq+nk dh rjQ ls vki ij dksbZ vt+kc ukft+ygks rks ¼vkf[k+j½ vki 'kSrku ds lkFkh cu tkbZ, ¼45½¼vkt+j us½ dgk ¼D;ksa½ bcjkghe D;k rw esjs ekcwnksa dks ugha ekurk gS vxj rw ¼bu ckrksa ls½fdlh rjg ckt+ u vk,xk rks ¼;kn jgs½ eSa rq>s laxlkj dj nw¡xk vkSj rw esjs ikl ls ges'kk dsfy, nwj gks tk ¼46½bcjkghe us dgk ¼vPNk rks½ esjk lyke yhft, ¼exj bl ij Hkh½ eSa vius ijojfnxkj ls vkidhcf[+'k'k dh nqvk d:¡xk ¼47½¼D;ksafd½ cs'kd og eq> ij cM+k esgjcku gS vkSj eSaus vki dks ¼Hkh½ vkSj bu cqrksa dks ¼Hkh½ftUgsa vki yksx [kq+nk dks NksM+dj iwtk djrs gaS ¼lcdks½ NksM+k vkSj vius ijojfnxkj gh dhbcknr d:¡xk mEehn gS fd eSa vius ijojfnxkj dh bcknr ls eg:e u jgw¡xk ¼48½x+jt+ bcjkghe us mu yksxksa dks vkSj ftls ;s yksx [kq+nk dks NksM+dj ijlfr'k fd;k djrs Fks NksM+krks geus mUgsa blgkd+ o ;kdw+c ¼lh vkSykn½ vrk Q+jekbZ vkSj gj ,d dks uqcwor ds ntsZ ijQ+k;t+ fd;k ¼49½vkSj mu lcdks viuh jger ls dqN buk;r Q+jek;k vkSj geus muds fy, vkyk ntsZ dk ft+Øs[k+Sj ¼nqfu;k esa Hkh½ d+jkj fn;k ¼50½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ dq+jku esa ¼dqN½ ewlk dk ¼Hkh½ rt+fdjk djks blesa 'kd ugha fd og ¼esjk½ cUnkvkSj lkfgcs fdrkc o 'kjh;r uch Fkk ¼51½vkSj geus mudks ¼dksgs rwj½ dh nkfguh rjQ+ ls vkokt+ nh vkSj geus mUgsa jkt+ o fu;kt+ dhckrsa djus ds fy, vius d+jhc cqyk;k ¼52½

vkSj geus mUgsa viuh [k+kl esgjckuh ls muds HkkbZ gk:u dks ¼mudk ot+hj cukdj½ buk;rQ+jek;k ¼53½¼,s jlwy½ dq+jku esa blekbZy dk ¼Hkh½ rt+fdjk djks blesa 'kd ugha fd og ok;ns ds lPps FksvkSj Hksts gq, iSx+Ecj Fks ¼54½vkSj vius ?kj ds yksxksa dks uekt+ i

vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ ge yksx Q+fj'rs vki ds ijojfnxkj ds gqDe ds cx+Sj ¼nqfu;k esa½ ugha ukft+ygksrs tks dqN gekjs lkeus gS vkSj tks dqN gekjs ihB ihNs gS vkSj tks dqN muds njfe;ku esa gS¼x+jt+ lcdqN½ mlh dk gS ¼64½vkSj rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj dqN Hkwyus okyk ugha gS lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu dk ekfyd gS vkSj mupht+ksa dk Hkh tks nksuksa ds njfe;ku esa gS rks rqe mldh bcknr djks ¼vkSj mldh bcknr ijlkfcr½ d+ne jgks Hkyk rqEgkjs bYe esa mldk dksbZ geuke Hkh gS ¼65½vkSj ¼ckt+½ vkneh vch fcu [k+yQ rkTtqc ls dgk djrs gSa fd D;k tc eSa ej tkÅ¡xk rkstYnh gh thrk tkxrk ¼d+cz ls½ fudkyk tkÅ¡xk ¼66½D;k og ¼vkneh½ mldks ugha ;kn djrk fd mldks blls igys tc og dqN Hkh u Fkk iSnkfd;k Fkk ¼67½rks og ¼,s jlwy½ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh ¼viuh½ fd+Le ge mudks vkSj 'kSrku dks bdV~Bk djsxsfQj mu lc dks tgUuqe ds fxnkZfxnZ ?kqVuksa ds cy gkft+j djsaxs ¼68½fQj gj fxjksg esa ls ,sls yksxksa dks vyx fudky ysaxs ¼tks nqfu;k es a½ [kq+nk ls vkSjksa dh fuLcrvdM+s&vdM+s fQjrs Fks ¼69½fQj tks yksx tgUuqe esa >ksads tk,¡xs T+;knk lt+kokj gSa ge muls [kw+c okfd+Q gSa ¼70½vkSj rqees ls dksbZ ,slk ugha tks tgUuqe ij ls gksdj u xqt+js ¼D;ksafd iqy fljkr mlh ij gS½ ;srqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ij gsrseh vkSj ykt+eh ¼ok;nk½ gS ¼71½fQj ge ijgst+xkjksa dks cpk,¡xs vkSj ukQ+jekuksa dks ?kqVus ds Hky mlesa NksM+ nsaxs ¼72½vkSj tc gekjh okt+s, jkS'ku vk;rsa muds lkeus i

;gk¡ rd fd ml pht+ dks ¼viuh vk¡[kksa ls½ ns[k ysaxs ftudk muls ok;nk fd;k x;k gS ;kvt+kc ;k d+;ker rks ml oD+r mUgsa ekywe gks tk,xk fd ejrcs esa dkSu cnrj gS vkSj y'dj¼tRFks½ esa dkSu det+ksj gS ¼csdl½ gS ¼75½vkSj tks yksx jkgs jkLr ij gSa [kq+nk mudh fgnk;r vkSj T+;knk djrk tkrk gS vkSj ckd+h jg tkusokyh usfd;k¡ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ds ut+nhd lokc dh jkg ls Hkh csgrj gS vkSj vUtke ds ,srckjls ¼Hkh½ csgrj gS ¼76½¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqeus ml 'k[+l ij Hkh ut+j dh ftlus gekjh vk;rksa ls bUdkj fd;k vkSj dgusyxk fd ¼vxj d+;ker gqbZ rks Hkh½ eq>s eky vkSj vkSykn t+:j feysxh ¼77½D;k mls x+Sc dk gky ekywe gks x;k gS ;k mlus [kq+nk ls dksbZ vgn ¼o iSeku½ ys j[kk gSgjfx+t ugha ¼78½tks dqN ;s cdrk gS ¼lc½ ge lHkh ls fy[ks ysrs gSa vkSj mlds fy, vkSj T+;knk vt+kc c

¼ml fnu½ ;s yksx flQkfj'k ij Hkh d+kfnj u gksaxs exj ¼ogk¡½ ftl 'k[+l us vYykg ls¼flQkfj'k dk½ ,d+jk ys fy;k gks ¼87½vkSj ¼;gwnh½ yksx dgrs gSa fd [kq+nk us ¼vt+ht+ dks½ csVk cuk fy;k gS ¼88½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd rqeus bruh cM+h l[+r ckr viuh rjQ ls xxM+kyw d+kSe dks¼vt+kcs [kq+nk ls½ Mjkvks ¼97½vkSj geus muls igys fdruh tekvrksa dks gykd dj Mkyk Hkyk rqe muesa ls fdlh dks ¼dghans[krs gks½ mldh dqN Hkud Hkh lqurs gks ¼98½

20 lwjg rkgklwjg rkgk eDds esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ,d lkS iSrhl vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s rk gk ¼jlwyvYykg½ ¼1½geus rqe ij dq+jku blfy, ukft+y ugha fd;k fd rqe ¼bl d+nj½ e'kD+d+r mBkvks ¼2½exj tks 'k[+l [kq+nk ls Mjrk gS mlds fy, ulhgr ¼d+jkj fn;k gS½ ¼3½¼;s½ ml 'k[+l dh rjQ+ ls ukft+y gqvk gS ftlus t+ehu vkSj Å¡ps&Å¡ps vklekuksa dks iSnk fd;k¼4½ogh jgeku gS tks v'kZ ij ¼gqDejkuh ds fy,½ vkeknk o eqLrbZn gS ¼5½tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS vkSj tks dqN nksuksa ds chp esa gS vkSj tksdqN t+ehu ds uhps gS ¼x+jt+ lc dqN½ mlh dk gS ¼6½vkSj vxj rw iqdkj dj ckr djs ¼rks Hkh vkfgLrk djs rks Hkh½ og ;d+huu Hksn vkSj mlls T+;knkiks'khnk pht+ dks tkurk gS ¼7½vYykg ¼og ekcwn gS fd½ mlds flok dksb ekcwn ugha gS ¼vPNs&vPNs½ mlh ds uke gSa ¼8½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqe rd ewlk dh [k+cj igq¡ph gS fd tc mUgksaus nwj ls vkx ns[kh ¼9½rks vius ?kj ds yksxksa ls dgus yxs fd rqe yksx ¼t+jk ;gha½ Bgjks eSaus vkx ns[kh gS D;k vtcgS fd eSa ogk¡ ¼tkdj½ mlesa ls ,d v¡xkjk rqEgkjs ikl ys vkÅ¡ ;k vkx ds ikl fdlh jkg dkirk ik tkÅ¡ ¼10½fQj tc ewlk vkx ds ikl vk, rks mUgsa vkokt vkbZ ¼11½fd ,s ewlk cs'kd eSa gh rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj gw¡ rks rqe viuh twfr;k¡ mrkj Mkyks D;ksafd rqe ¼bloD+r½ rqvk ¼ukeh½ ikd+ht+k pfV;y eSnku esa gks ¼12½

vkSj eSaus rqedks iSx+Ecjh ds okLrs eqUrf[k+c fd;k ¼pqu fy;k½ gS rks tks dqN rqEgkjh rjQ+ oghdh tkrh gS mls dku yxk dj lquks ¼13½blesa 'kd ugha fd eSa gh og vYykg gw¡ fd esjs flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha rks esjh gh bcknr djksvkSj esjh ;kn ds fy, uekt+ cjkcj i

vkSj fnysj cuk vkSj esjk dke esjs fy, vklku dj ns vkSj esjh t+cku ls yqd+ur dh fxjg [kksyns ¼27½rkfd yksx esjh ckr vPNh rjg le>sa vkSj ¼28½esjs dhusokyksa esa ls esjs HkkbZ gk:u ¼29½dks esjk ot+hj cks> cVkus okyk cuk ns ¼30½mlds t+fj, ls esjh iq'r et+cwr dj ns ¼31½vkSj esjs dke esa mldks esjk 'kjhd cuk ¼32½rkfd ge nksuksa ¼feydj½ dljr ls rsjh rlchg djsa ¼33½vkSj dljr ls rsjh ;kn djsa ¼34½rw rks gekjh gkyr ns[k gh jgk gS ¼35½Q+jek;k ,s ewlk rqEgkjh lc nj[+okLrsa eat+wj dh xbZ ¼36½vkSj ge rks rqe ij ,d ckj vkSj ,glku dj pqds gSa ¼37½tc geus rqEgkjh ek¡ dks bygke fd;k tks vc rqEgsa Þoghß ds t+fj, ls crk;k tkrk gS ¼38½fd rqe bls ¼ewlk dks½ lUnwd+ esa j[kdj lUnwd+ dks nfj;k esa Mky nks fQj nfj;k mls

vkSj rqEgkjh ¼tqnkbZ ij½ dqqByk, ¼50½vkSj mlds gqDe ls eq¡g eksM+s ¼x+jt+ x, vkSj dgk½ fQ+jvkÅu us iwNk ,s ewlk vkf[k+j rqe nksuksadk ijojfnxkj dkSu gS ¼51½ewlk us dgk gekjk ijojfnxkj og gS ftlus gj pht+ dks mlds ¼equkflc½ lwjr vrk QjekbZ¼52½fQj mlh us ft+Unxh clj djus ds rjhd+s crk, fQ+jvkÅu us iwNk Hkyk vxys yksxksa dk gky ¼rkscrkvks½ fd D;k gqvk ¼53½

ewlk us dgk bu ckrksa dk bYe esjs ijojfnxkj ds ikl ,d fdrkc ¼ykSgs egQwt+½ esa ¼fy[kkgqvk½ gS esjk ijojfnxkj u cgdrk gS u Hkwyrk gS ¼54½og ogh gS ftlus rqEgkjs ¼Q+k;ns ds½ okLrs t+ehu dks fcNkSuk cuk;k vkSj rqEgkjs fy, mlesa jkgsafudkyh vkSj mlh us vkleku ls ikuh cjlk;k fQj ¼[kq+nk Qjekrk gS fd½ ge gh us ml ikuh dst+fj, ls eq[+rfyQ+ fd+Leksa dh ?kkls fudkyh ¼55½¼rkfd½ rqe [kq+n Hkh [kkvks vkSj vius pkjik;ksa dks Hkh pjkvks dqN 'kd ugha fd blesa vD+yeUnksads okLrs ¼d+qnjrs [kq+nk dh½ cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼56½geus blh t+ehu ls rqe dks iSnk fd;k vkSj ¼ejus ds ckn½ blesa ykSVk dj yk,¡xs vkSj mlh lsnwljh ckj ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ rqedks fudky [kM+k djsaxs ¼57½vkSj eSaus fQ+jvkÅu dks viuh lkjh fu'kkfu;k¡ fn[kk nh ¼58½bl ij Hkh mlus lcdks >qByk fn;k vkSj u ekuk ¼vkSj½ dgus yxk ,s ewlk D;k rqe gekjs iklblfy, vk, gks ¼59½fd ge dks gekjs eqYd ¼felz ls½ vius tknw ds t+ksj ls fudky ckgj djks vPNk rks ¼jgks½ geHkh rqEgkjs lkeus ,slk tknw is'k djrs gSa fQj rqe vius vkSj gekjs njfe;ku ,d oD+r eqd+jZj djksfd u ge mlds f[k+ykQ djs vkSj u rqe vkSj eqd+kcyk ,d lkQ+ [kqys eSnku esa gks ¼60½ewlk us dgk rqEgkjs ¼eqd+kcys½ dh eh;kn t+hur ¼bZn½ dk fnu gS vkSj ml jkst+ lc yksx fnupwBh&>wBh b+rsjk ijnkft+;k¡ u djks ojuk og vt+kc ¼ukft+y djds½ blls rqEgkjk ey;k esV djNksM+sxk ¼63½vkSj ¼;kn j[kks fd½ ftlus b+rsjk ijnkft+;k¡ u dh og ;dh+uu ukeqjkn jgk ml ij og yksxvius dke esa ckge >xM+us vkSj ljxksf'k;k¡ djus yxs ¼64½

¼vkf[k+j½ og yksx cksy mBs fd ;s nksuksa ;d+huu tknwxj gSa vkSj pkgrs gSa fd vius tknw ¼dst+ksj½ ls rqe yksxksa dks rqEgkjs eqYd ls fudky ckgj djsa vkSj rqEgkjs vPNs [k+kls et+gc dks feVkNksM+sa ¼65½rks rqe Hkh [kw+c vius pyRrj ¼tknw ox+Sjg½ nq:Lr dj yks fQj ijk ¼lQ+½ ck¡/k ds ¼mudseqd+kcys esa½ vk iM+ks vkSj tks vkt Mj jgk gks ogh Qk;t+qygjke jgk ¼66½x+jt+ tknwxjksa us dgk ¼,s ewlk½ ;k rks rqe gh ¼vius tknw½ Qsadks vkSj ;k ;s fd igys tks tknwQsads og ge gh gksa ¼67½ewlk us dgk ¼eSa ugha Mkyw¡xk½ cfYd rqe gh igys Mkyks ¼x+jt+ mUgksaus vius djrc fn[kk,½ rkscl ewlk dks muds tknw ¼ds t+ksj ls½ ,slk ekywe gqvk fd mudh jfLl;k¡ vkSj mudh NfM+;k¡ nkSM+jgh gSa ¼68½rks ewlk us vius fny esa dqN ng'kr lh ikbZ ¼69½geus dgk ¼ewlk½ bl ls Mjks ugha ;d+huu rqe gh oj jgksxs ¼70½vkSj rqEgkjs nkfgus gkFk esa tks ¼ykBh½ gS mls Mky rks nks fd tks djrc mu yksxksa us dh gS mlsgM+i dj tk, D;ksafd mu yksxksa us tks dqN djrc dh og ,d tknwxj dh djrc gS vkSjtknwxj tgk¡ tk, dke;kc ugha gks ldrk ¼71½¼x+jt ewlk dh ykVh us½ lc gM+i dj fy;k ¼;s ns[krs gh½ og lc tknwxj ltns esa fxj iM+s¼vkSj dgus yxs½ fd ge ewlk vkSj gk:u ds ijojfnxkj ij bZeku ys vk, ¼72½fQjvkÅu us mu yksxksa ls dgk ¼gk,½ blls igys fd ge rqedks btkt+r nsa rqe ml ij bZeku ysvk, blesa 'kd ugha fd ;s rqe lcdk cM+k ¼xq:½ gS ftlus rqedks tknw fl[kk;k gS rks eSa rqEgkjk,d rjQ+ ds gkFk vkSj nwljh rjQ+ ds ik¡o t+:j dkV Mkyw¡xk vkSj rqEgsa ;d+huu [kqjes dh 'kk[k+ksaij lwyh p

¼vkSj dgk½ ge rks vius ijojfnxkj ij blfy, bZeku yk, gSa rkfd gekjs okLrs lkjs xqukg ekQ+dj ns vkSj ¼[k+kl dj½ ftl ij rwus gesa etcwj fd;k Fkk vkSj [kq+nk gh lcls csgrj gS ¼75½vkSj ¼mlh dks½ lcls T+;knk d+;ke gS blesa 'kd ugha fd tks 'k[+l eqtfje gksdj viusijojfnxkj ds lkeus gkft+j gksxk rks mlds fy, ;d+huu tgUuqe ¼/kjk gqvk½ gS ftlesa u rks ogejs gh xk vkSj u ft+Unk gh jgsxk ¼76½¼flldrk jgsxk½ vkSj tks 'k[+l mlds lkeus bZekunkj gks dj gkft+j gksxk vkSj mlus vPNs&vPNsdke Hkh fd, gksaxs rks ,sls gh yksx gSa ftuds fy, cM+s&cM+s cqyUn :rcs gSa ¼77½og lnkcgkj ckx+kr ftuds uhps ugjsa tkjh gSa og yksx mlesa ges'kk jgsaxs vkSj tks xqukg ls ikdo ikdht+k jgs ml dk ;gh flyk gS ¼78½vkSj geus ewlk ds ikl Þoghß Hksth ¼79½fd esjs cUnksa ¼cuh bljkby½ dks ¼felz ls½ jkrksa jkr fudky ys tkvks fQj nfj;k esa ¼ykBhekjdj½ muds fy, ,d lw[kh jkg fudkyks vkSj rqedks ihNk djus dk u dksbZ [kkS+Q jgsxk u¼Mwcus dh½ dksbZ ng'kr ¼80½x+jt+ fQ+jvkÅu us vius y'kdj leSr mudk ihNk fd;k fQj nfj;k ¼ds ikuh dk jsyk½ tSlk dqNmu ij Nk;k x;k og Nk x;k ¼81½vkSj fQ+jvkÅu us viuh d+kSe dks xqejkg ¼djds gykd½ dj Mkyk vkSj mudh fgnk;r u dh¼82½,s cuh bljkby geus rqedks rqEgkjs nq'eu ¼ds iats½ ls NqM+k;k vkSj rqe ls ¼dksgsrwj½ ds nkfgusrjQ dk ok;nk fd;k vkSj ge gh us rqe ij eu o lyok ukft+y fd;k ¼83½vkSj ¼Q+jek;k½ fd geus tks ikd o ikd+ht+k jkst+h rqEgsa ns j[kh gS mlesa ls [kkvks ¼fi;ks½ vkSjmlesa ¼fdlh fd+Le dh½ 'kjkjr u djks ojuk rqe ij esjk vt+kc ukft+y gks tk,xk vkSj ¼;knj[kks fd½ ftl ij esjk x+t+c ukft+y gqvk rks og ;d+huu xqejkg ¼gykd½ gqvk ¼84½vkSj tks 'k[+l rkSck djs vkSj bZeku yk, vkSj vPNs dke djs fQj lkfcr d+ne jgs rks gemldks t+:j c[+'kus okys gSa ¼85½

fQj tc ewlk lRrj vknfe;ksa dsk ysdj pys vkSj [kq+n cs tks ¼felz ls fudyrs oD+r½ ge ij yksx x, Fks mudks ge yksxksa us¼lkejh ds dgus ls vkx esa½ Mky fn;k fQj lkejh us Hkh Mky fn;k ¼92½fQj lkejh us mu yksxksa ds fy, ¼mlh ts+oj ls½ ,d cNM+s dh ewjr cukbZ ftldh vkokt+ HkhcNM+s dh lh Fkh ml ij ckt+ yksx dgus yxs ;gh rqEgkjk ¼Hkh½ ekcwn vkSj ewlk dk ¼Hkh½ ekcwngS exj og Hkwy x;k gS ¼93½Hkyk budks bruh Hkh u lw>h fd ;s cNM+k u rks mu yksxksa dks iyV dj mu dh ckr dktokc gh nsrk gS vkSj u mudk t+jj gh ml ds gkFk esa gS vkSj u uQ+k ¼94½vkSj gk:u us muls igys dgk Hkh Fkk fd ,s esjh d+kSe rqEgkjk flQ+Z blds t+fj;s ls bfErgkufd;k tk jgk gS vkSj blesa 'kd ugha fd rEgkjk ijojfnxkj ¼cl [kq+nk, jgeku gS½ rks rqe esjhiSjoh djks vkSj esjk dgk ekuks ¼95½rks og yksx dgus yxs tc rd ewlk gekjs ikl iyV dj u vk,¡ ge rks cjkcj bldh ijlfr'kij MVs cSBs jgsaxs ¼96½

ewlk us gk:u dh rjQ f[k+rkc djds dgk ,s gk:u tc rqeus mudks ns[k fy;k Fkk xeqjkg gksx, gSa rks rqEgsa esjh iSjoh ¼d+rky½ djus dks fdlus euk fd;k ¼97½rks D;k rqeus esjs gqDe dh ukQ+jekuh dh ¼98½gk:u us dgk ,s esjs ek¡tk, ¼HkkbZ½ esjh nks og pht+ fn[kkbZ nh tks vkSjksa dks u lw>h ¼ftcjhy ?kksM+s ij lokj tkjgs Fks½ rks eSaus ftcjhy Qfj'rs ¼ds ?kksM+s½ ds fu'kkus d+ne dh ,d eqV~Bh ¼[k+kd½ dh mBk yhfQj eSaus ¼cNM+ksa ds d+kfyc esa½ Mky nh ¼rks og cksysus yxk ¼101½vkSj ml oD+r eq>s esjs ul us ;gh lq>k;k ewlk us dgk py ¼nwj gks½ rsjs fy, ¼bl nqfu;k dh½ft+Unxh esa rks ¼;s lt+k gS½ rw dgrk fQ+jsxk fd eq>s u Nwuk ¼ojuk cq[k+kj pls f[k+ykQ+ u fd;ktk,xk vkSj rw vius ekcwn dks rks ns[k ftl ¼dh bcknr½ ij rw MV cSBk Fkk fd ge mls;d+huu tykdj ¼jk[k½ dj Mkysaxs fQj ge mls frfrj fcfrj djds nfj;k esa mM+k nsxsa ¼102½rqEgkjk ekcwn rks cl ogh vYykg gS ftlds flok dksbZ vkSj ekcwn cjgd+ ugha fd mldk bYegj pht+ ij Nk x;k gS ¼103½¼,s jlwy½ ge rqEgkjs lkeus ;w¡ okd+s;kr c;ku djrs gSa tks xqt+j pqds vkSj geus gh rqEgkjs iklviuh ckjxkg ls dq+jku vrk fd;k ¼104½ftlus mlls eq¡g Qsjk og d+;ker ds fnu ;d+huu ¼vius cqjs vkeky dk½ cks> mBk,xk ¼105½vkSj mlh gky esa ges'kk jgsaxs vkSj D;k gh cqjk cks> gS d+;ker ds fnu ;s yksx mBk, gksaxs¼106½ftl fnu lwj Qw¡dk tk,xk vkSj ge ml fnu xqukgxkjksa dks ¼mudh½ vk¡[ksa iqryh ¼vU/kh½ djds¼vkeus&lkeus½ tek djsaxs ¼107½

¼vkSj½ vkil esa pqids&pqids dgrs gksaxs fd ¼nqfu;k ;k d+cz esa½ ge yksx ¼cgqr ls cgqr½ ukS nlfnu Bgjs gksaxs ¼108½tks dqN ;s yksx ¼ml fnu½ dgsaxs ge [kw+c tkurs gSa fd tks buesa lcls T+;knk gksf'k;kj gksxk cksymBsxk fd rqe cl ¼cgqr ls cgqr½ ,d fnu Bgjs gksxs ¼109½¼vkSj ,s jlwy½ rqe ls yksx igkM+ksa ds ckjs esa iwNk djrs gSa ¼fd d+;ker ds jkst+ D;k gksxk½¼110½rks rqe dg nks fd esjk ijojfnxkj fcYdqy jst+k jst+k djds mM+k Mkysxk vkSj t+ehu dks ,dpfV;y eSnku dj NksM+sxk ¼111½fd ¼,s 'k[+l½ u rks mlesa eksM+ ns[ksxk vkSj u Å¡p&uhp ¼112½ml fnu yksx ,d iqdkjus okys bljkQ+hy dh vkokt+ ds ihNs ¼bl rjg lh/ks½ nkSM+ iM+sxs fdmlesa dqN Hkh dt+h u gksxh vkSj vkokt+s ml fnu [kq+nk ds lkeus ¼bl rjg½ f?kf?k;k,xsa fd rw?kqu?kqukgV ds flok vkSj dqN u lqusxk ¼113½ml fnu fdlh dh flQ+kfj'k dke u vk,xh exj ftldks [kq+nk us btkt+r nh gks vkSj mldkcksyuk ilUn djs tks dqN mu yksxksa ds lkeus gS vkSj tks dqN muds ihNs gS ¼114½¼x+jt+ lc dqN½ og tkurk gS vkSj ;s yksx vius bYe ls mlij gkoh ugha gks ldrs ¼115½vkSj ¼d+;ker esa½ lkjh ¼[kq+nkbZ ds½ dk eq¡g ft+Unk vkSj ckd+h jgus okys [kq+nk ds lkeus >qdtk,¡xs vkSj ftlus tq+Ye dk cks> ¼vius lj ij½ mBk;k og ;d+huu ukdke jgk ¼116½vkSj ftlus vPNs&vPNs dke fd, vkSj og eksfeu Hkh gS rks mldks u fdlh rjg dh csbUlkQ+hdk Mj gS vkSj u fdlh uqd+lku dk ¼117½geus mldks mlh rjg vjch t+cku dk dq+jku ukft+y Q+jek;k vkSj mlesa vt+kc ds rjg&rjg dsok;ns c;ku fd, rkfd ;s yksx ijgst+xkj cusa ;k muds fetkt+ esa bcjr iSnk dj ns ¼118½il ¼nks tgk¡ dk½ lPpk ckn'kkg [kq+nk cjrj o vkyk gS vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ dq+jku ds ¼i

vkSj geus vkne ls igys gh ,gn ys fy;k Fkk fd ml nj[+r ds ikl u tkuk rks vkne us mlsrdZ dj fn;k ¼120½vkSj geus muesa lkfcr o bLrd+yky u ik;k vkSj tc geus Q+fj'rksa ls dgk fd vkne dks ltnkdjks rks lcus ltnk fd;k exj 'kSrku us bUdkj fd;k ¼121½rks eSaus ¼vkne ls dgk½ fd ,s vkne ;s ;d+huh rqEgkjk vkSj rqEgkjh choh dk nq'keu gS rks dgharqe nksuksa dks csfg'r ls fudyok u NksM+s rks rqe ¼nqfu;k dh½ eqlhcr eas Q¡l tkvks ¼122½dqN 'kd ugha fd ¼csfg'r esa½ rqEgsa ;s vkjke gS fd u rks rqe ;gk¡ Hkwds jgksxs vkSj u u¡xs¼123½vkSj u ;gk¡ I;kls jgksxs vkSj u /kwi [kkvksxs ¼124½rks 'kSrku us muds fny esa ololk Mkyk ¼vkSj½ dgk ,s vkne D;k eSa rEgsa ¼ges'kxh dhft+Unxh½ dk nj[+r vkSj og lYrur tks dHkh t+k,y u gks crk nw¡ ¼125½pqukUps nksuksa fe;k¡ chch us mlh esa ls dqN [kk;k rks mudk vkxk ihNk muij t+kfgj gks x;k vkSjnksuksa csfg'r ds ¼nj[+r ds½ iRrs vius vkxs ihNs ij fpidkus yxs vkSj vkne us vius ijojfnxkjdh ukQ+jekuh dh ¼126½rks ¼jkgs lokc ls½ csjkg gks x, blds ckn muds ijojfnxkj us cj xqt+hnk fd;k ¼127½fQj mudh rkSck dq+cwy dh vkSj mudh fgnk;r dh Qjek;k fd rqe nksuksa csg'r ls uhps mrjtkvks rqe esa ls ,d dk ,d nq'keu gS fQj vxj rqEgkjs ikl esjh rjQ ls fgnk;r igq¡ps rks¼rqe½ mldh iSjoh djuk D;ksafd tks 'k[+l esjh fgnk;r ij pysxk u rks xqejkg gksxk vkSj ueqlhcr esa Q¡lsxk ¼128½vkSj ftl 'k[+l us esjh ;kn ls eq¡g Qsjk rks mldh ft+Unxh cgqr raxh esa clj gksxh vkSj gemldks d+;ker ds fnu va/kk cuk ds mBk,¡xs ¼129½og dgsxk bykgh eSa rks ¼nqfu;k esa½ vk¡[k okyk Fkk rwus eq>s vU/kk djds D;ksa mBk;k ¼130½[kq+nk Qjek,xk ,slk gh ¼gksuk pkfg,½ gekjh vk;rsa Hkh rks rsjs ikl vkbZ rks rw mUgsa Hkqyk cSBkvkSj blh rjg vkt rw Hkh Hkwyk fn;k tk,xk ¼131½

vkSj ftlus ¼gn ls½ rtkfot+ fd;k vkSj vius ijojfnxkj dh vk;rksa ij beku u yk;k mldks,slh gh cnyk nsxsa vkSj vkf[k+jr dk vt+kc rks ;d+huh cgqr l[+r vkSj cgqr nsj ik gS ¼132½rks D;k mu ¼,gys eDdk½ dks ml ¼[kq+nk½ us ;s ugha crk fn;k Fkk fd geus muds igys fdrusyksxksa dks gykd dj Mkyk ftuds ?kjksa esa ;s yksx pyrs fQjrs gSa blesa 'kd ugha fd mlesavD+yeanksa ds fy, ¼dq+njrs [kq+nk dh½ ;d+huh cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼133½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ vxj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls igys gh ,d ok;nk vkSj vt+kc dk½ ,doD+r eqv¸;qu u gksrk rks ¼mudh gjdrksa ls½ Q+kSju vt+kc dk vkuk ykt+eh ckr Fkh ¼134½¼,s jlwy½ tks dqN ;s dq+Q+kj cdk djrs gSa rqe ml ij lcz djks vkSj vkQ+rkc fudyus dsd+Cy vkSj mlds x+q:c gksus ds d+Cy vius ijojfnxkj dh gEnksluk ds lkFk rlchg fd;k djksvkSj dqN jkr ds oD+rksa esa vkSj fnu ds fdukjksa esa rLchg djks rkfd rqe fugky gks tkvks ¼135½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ tks muesa ls dqN yksxksa dks nqfu;k dh bl t+jk lh ft+Unxh dh jkSud+ ls fugkydj fn;k gS rkfd ge mudks mlesa vkt+ek,¡ rqe viuh ut+jsa m/kj u c

21 lwjg vfEc;keDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh ,d lkS ckjg vk;rsa gSaAvYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSyksxksa ds ikl mudk fglkc ¼mldk oD+r½ vk igq¡pk vkSj og gS fd xQ+yr esa iM+s eq¡g eksM+s ghtkrs gSa ¼1½tc muds ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls muds ikl dksbZ u;k gqDe vkrk gS rks mls flQZ dku yxkdjlqu ysrs gSa vkSj ¼fQj mldk½ g¡lh [ksy mM+krs gSa ¼2½muds fny ¼vkf[k+jr ds [+;ky ls½ fcYdqy cs[k+cj gSa vkSj ;s t+kfye pqids&pqids dkukQwlh fd;kdjrs gSa fd ;s 'k[+l ¼eksgEen dqN Hkh ughaa½ cl rqEgkjs gh lk vkneh gS rks D;k rqe nhu onkfuLrk tknw esa Q¡lrs gks ¼3½¼rks ml ij½ jlwy us dgk fd esjk ijojfnxkj ftruh ckrsa vkleku vkSj t+ehu esa gksrh gSa [kw+ctkurk gS ¼fQj D;ksa dkukQwlh djrs gks½ vkSj og rks cM+k lquus okyk okfd+Q+dkj gS ¼4½¼ml ij Hkh mu yksxksa us bfDrQ+k u dh½ cfYd dgus yxs ¼;s dq+jku rks½ [k+kcgk; ijh'kk¡ dketewvk gS cfYd mlus [kq+n vius th ls >wV&ewV x

fQj geus mUgsa ¼viuk vt+kc dk½ ok;nk lPpk dj fn[kk;k ¼vkSj tc vt+kc vk igq¡pk½ rksgeus mu iSx+Ecjksa dks vkSj ftl ftldks pkgk NqVdkjk fn;k vkSj gn ls crs ¼10½vkSj geus fdruh cfLr;ksa dks ftuds jgus okys ljd'k Fks cjckn dj fn;k vkSj muds ckn nwljsyksxksa dsk iSnk fd;k ¼11½rks tc mu yksxksa us gekjs vt+kc dh vkgV ikbZ rks ,dk ,dh Hkkxus yxs ¼12½¼geus dgk½ Hkkxks ugha vkSj mUgha cfLr;ksa vkSj ?kjksa esa ykSV tkvks ftuesa rqe pSu djrs Fks rkfdrqels dqN iwNxN dh tk, ¼13½og yksx dgus yxs gk, gekjh 'kker cs'kd ge ljd'k rks t+:j Fks ¼14½x+jt+ og cjkcj ;gh iM+s iqdkjk fd, ;gk¡ rd fd geus mUgsa dVh gq;h [ksrh dh rjg fcNk dsBUMk djds

vxj cQ+jus eqgky½ t+ehu o vkleku esa [kq+nk fd flok pUn ekcwn gksrs rks nksuksa dc ds cjckngks x, gksrs rks tks ckrsa ;s yksx vius th ls ¼mlds ckjs esa½ cuk;k djrs gSa [kq+nk tks v'kZ dkekfyd gS mu reke ,scksa ls ikd o ikdht+k gS ¼22½tks dqN og djrk gS mldh iwNxN ugha gks ldrh ¼23½¼gk¡½ vkSj mu yksxksa ls ckt+iqlZ gksxh D;k mu yksxksa us [kq+nk dks NksM+dj dqN vkSj ekcwn cukj[ks gSa ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dgks fd Hkyk viuh nyhy rks is'k djks tks esjs ¼t+ekus esa½ lkFk gS mudhfdrkc ¼dq+jku½ vkSj tks yksx eq> ls igys Fks mudh fdrkcsa ¼rkSjsr ox+Sjg½ ;s ¼ekStwn½ gSa ¼muesa[kq+nk dk 'kjhd crk nks½ cfYd muesa ls vDlj rks gd+ ¼ckr½ dks rks tkurs gh ugha ¼24½rks ¼tc gd+ dk ft+Ø vkrk gS½ ;s yksx eq¡g Qsj ysrs gSa vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ geus rqels igys tcdHkh dksbZ jlwy Hkstk rks mlds ikl Þoghß Hkstrs jgs fd cl gekjs flok dksbZ ekcwn d+kfcysijlfr'k ugha rks esjh bcknr fd;k djks ¼25½vkSj ¼,gys eDdk½ dgrs gSa fd [kq+nk us ¼Qfj'rksa dks½ viuh vkSykn ¼csfV;k¡½ cuk j[kk gS¼gkyk¡fd½ og mlls ikd o idht+k gSa cfYd ¼og Q+fj'rs½ ¼[kq+nk ds½ eksvfT+t+ cUns gSa ¼26½;s yksx mlds lkeus cy igkM+ cuk, rkfd t+ehu mu yksxksa dks ysdj fdlh rjQ>qd u iM+s vkSj ge us gh mlesa yEcs&pkSM+s jkLrs cuk, rkfd ;s yksx vius&vius eaft+ysa ed+lwndks tk igq¡ps ¼31½

vkSj ge gh us vkleku dks Nr cuk;k tks gj rjg egQwt+ gS vkSj ;s yksx mldh vklekuhfu'kkfu;ksa ls eq¡g Qsj jgs gSa ¼32½vkSj ogh og ¼d+kfnjs eqRrfyd+½ gS ftlus jkr vkSj fnu vkSj vkQ+rkc vkSj ekgrkc dks iSnk fd;kfd lc ds lc ,d ¼,d½ vkleku esa iSj dj pDej yxk jgs gSa ¼33½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ geus rqels igys Hkh fdlh Q+nZs c'kj dks lnk dh ft+Unxh ugha nh rks D;k vxjrqe ej tkvksxs rks ;s yksx ges'kk ft;k gh djsaxs ¼34½¼gj 'k[+l ,d u ,d fnu½ ekSr dk et+k p[kus okyk gS vkSj ge rqEgsa eqlhcr o jkgr esabfErgku dh x+jt+ ls vkt+ekrs gSa vkSj ¼vkf[k+dkj½ gekjh gh rjQ ykSVk, tkvksxs ¼35½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ tc rqEgsa dq+Q+kj ns[krs gSa rks cl rqels el[kjkiu djrs gSa fd D;k ;gh gt+jrgSa tks rqEgkjs ekcwnksa dks ¼cqjh rjg½ ;kn djrs gSa gkyk¡fd ;s yksx [kq+n [kq+nk dh ;kn ls bUdkjdjrs gSa ¼rks budh csodw+Qh ij g¡luk pkfg,½ ¼36½vkneh rks cM+k tYnckt+ iSnk fd;k x;k gS eSa vud+jhc gh rqEgsa viuh ¼dq+njr dh½ fu'kkfu;k¡fn[kkÅ¡xk rks rqe eq>ls tYnh dh ¼Ìwe½ u epkvks ¼37½vkSj yqRQ+ rks ;s gS fd dgrs gSa fd vxj lPps gks rks ;s d+;ker dk ok;nk dc ¼iwjk½ gksxk¼38½vkSj tks yksx dkfQ+j gks cSBs dk'k ml oD+r dh gkyr ls vkxkg gksrs ¼fd tgUuqe dh vkx esa[kMs+ gksaxs½ vkSj u vius psgjksa ls vkx dks gVk ldsaxs vkSj u viuh ihB ls vkSj u mudh enndh tk,xh ¼39½¼d+;ker dqN trk dj rks vkus ls jgh½ cfYd og rks vpkud mu ij vk iM+sxh vkSj mUgsagDdk cDdk dj nsxh fQj ml oD+r mlesa u mlds gVkus dh etky gksxh vkSj u mUgsa gh nhtk,xh ¼40½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ dqN rqe gh ugha rqels igys iSx+Ecjksa ds lkFk el[k+jkiu fd;k tk pqdk gS rksmu iSx+Ecjksa ls el[kjkiu djus okyksa dks ml l[+r vt+kc us vk ?ksj fy;k ftldh og g¡lhmM+k;k djrs Fks ¼41½¼,s jlwy½ rqe muls iwNks rks fd [kq+nk ¼ds vt+kc½ ls ¼cpkus esa½ jkr dks ;k fnu dks rqEgkjk

dkSu igjk ns ldrk gS ml ij Mjuk rks nj fdukj cfYd ;s yksx vius ijojfnxkj dh ;kn lseq¡g Qsjrs gSa ¼42½D;k gejks flok muds dqN vkSj ijojfnxkj gSa fd tks mudks ¼gekjs vt+kc ls½ cpk ldrs gSa¼og D;k cpk,¡xs½ ;s yksx [kq+n viuh vki rks enn dj gh ugha ldrs vkSj u gekjs vt+kc lsmUgsa iukg nh tk,xh ¼43½cfYd ge gh us mudks vkSj muds cqtq+Zxksa dks vkjke o pSu jgk ;gk¡ rd fd mudh mesza c

og yksx cksys ¼vkSj rks dqN ugha tkurs exj½ vius cMs+ cw

fQj mu yksxksa ds lj blh xqejkgh esa >qdk fn, x, ¼vkSj rks dqN cu u iM+k exj ;s cksys½rqedks rks vPNh rjg ekywe gS fd ;s cqr cksyk ugha djrs ¼65½¼fQj buls D;k iwNs½ bcjkghe us dgk rks D;k rqe yksx [kq+nk dks NksM+dj ,slh pht+ksa dhijlfr'k djrs gks tks u rqEgsa dqN uQk gh igq¡pk ldrh gS vkSj u rqEgkjk dqN uqd+lku gh djldrh gS ¼66½rQ gS rqe ij ml pht+ ij ftls rqe [kq+nk ds flok iwtrs gks rks D;k rqe bruk Hkh ughale>rs ¼67½¼vkf[k+j½ og yksx ¼ckge½ dgus yxs fd vxj rqe dqN dj ldrs gks rks bcjkghe dks vkx esatyk nks vkSj vius [kq+nkvksa dh enn djks ¼68½¼x+jt+½ mu yksxksa us bcjkghe dks vkx esa Mky fn;k rks geus Q+jek;k ,s vkx rw bcjkghe ijfcYdqy BUMh vkSj lykerh dk ckbl gks tk ¼69½¼fd mudks dksbZ rdyhQ+ u igq¡ps½ vkSj mu yksxksa esa bcjkghe ds lkFk pkyckt+h djuh pkgh Fkhrks geus bu lc dks ukdke dj fn;k ¼70½vkSj ge us gh bcjkghe vkSj ywr dks ¼ljd'kksa ls½ lgh o lkfye fudkydj bl lj t+ehu¼'kke cSrqyeqd+n~nl½ esa tk igq¡pk;k ftlesa geus lkjs tgk¡u ds fy, rjg&rjg dh cjdr vrk dhFkh ¼71½vkSj geus bcjkghe dks buke esa blgkd+ ¼tSlk cSVk½ vkSj ;kdw+c ¼tSlk iksrk½ buk;r Qjek;k geuslcdks usd c[+r cuk;k ¼72½vkSj mu lcdks ¼yksxksa dk½ is'kok cuk;k fd gekjs gqDe ls ¼mudh½ fgnk;r djrs Fks vkSj geusmuds ikl usd dke djus vkSj uekt+ i

vkokt+ nh rks geus mudh ¼nqvk½ lqu yh fQj mudks vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa dks ¼rwQ+ku dh½ cM+hl[+r eqlhcr ls utkr nh ¼76½vkSj ftu yksxksa us gekjh vk;rksa dks >qByk;k Fkk muds eqd+kcys esa mudh enn dh cs'kd ;s yksx¼Hkh½ cgqr cqj+s yksx Fks rks geus mu lcdks Mqcks ekjk ¼77½vkSj ¼,s jlwy budks½ nkÅn vkSj lqyseku dk ¼okD+;k ;kn fnykvks½ tc ;s nksuksa ,d [ksrh dsckjs esa ftlesa jkr ds oD+r dqN yksxksa dh cdfj;k¡ ¼?kqldj½ pj xbZ Fkh QSlyk djus cSBs vkSjge mu yksxksa ds fd+Lls dks ns[k jgs Fks ¼fd ckge b[k+rsykQ+ gqvk½ ¼78½rks geus lqyseku dks ¼bldk lgh Q+Slyk le>k fn;k½ vkSj ¼;w¡ rks½ lcdks ge gh us Qges lyhevkSj bYe vrk fd;k vkSj ge gh us igkM+ksa dks nkÅn dk rkcs, cuk fn;k Fkk fd muds lkFk¼[kq+nk dh½ rLchg fd;k djrs Fks vkSj ifjUnksa dks ¼Hkh rkcs, dj fn;k Fkk½ vkSj ge gh ¼;svt+kc½ fd;k djrs Fks ¼79½vkSj ge gh us mudks rqEgkjh taxh iksf'k'k ¼ft+jkg½ dk cukuk fl[kk fn;k rkfd rqEgsa ¼,d nwljsds½ okj ls cpk, rks D;k rqe ¼vc Hkh½ mlds 'kqØxqt+kj cuksxs ¼80½vkSj ¼ge gh us½ cM+s t+ksjksa dh gok dks lqyseku dk ¼rkcs, dj fn;k Fkk½ fd og muds gqDe lsbl ljt+ehu ¼cSrqyeqd+n~nl½ dh rjQ pyk djrh Fkh ftlesa geus rjg&rjg dh cjdrsa vrk dhFkh vkSj ge rks gj pht+ ls [kw+c okfd+Q+ Fks ¼vkSj½ gS ¼81½vkSj ftUukr esa ls tks yksx ¼leUnj esa½ x+ksrk yxkdj ¼tokgjkr fudkyus okys½ Fks vkSj mldsvykok vkSj dke Hkh djrs Fks ¼lqyseku dk rkcs, dj fn;k Fkk½ vkSj ge gh muds fuxsgcku Fks¼82½¼fd Hkkx u tk,¡½ vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ v¸;wc ¼dk fd+Llk ;kn djks½ tc mUgksaus vius ijojfnxkj lsnqvk dh fd ¼vYykg oUn½ chekjh rks esjs ihNs yx xbZ gS vkSj rw rks lc jge djus okykas ls¼c ij rjl [kk½ ¼83½rks geus mudh nqvk dq+cwy dh rks geus mudk tks dqN nnZ nq[k Fkk nQ+k dj fn;k vkSj mUgsamuds yM+ds okys cfYd muds lkFk mruh gh vkSj Hkh egt+ viuh [k+kl esgjckuh ls vkSj bcknrdjus okyksa dh bcjr ds okLrs vrk fd, ¼84½

vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ blekbZy vkSj bnjhl vkSj tq+yfd-y ¼ds okd+;kr ls ;kn djks½ ;s lc lkfcjcUns Fks ¼85½vkSj geus mu lcdks viuh ¼[k+kl½ jger esa nkf[k+y dj fy;k cs'kd ;s yksx usd cUns Fks ¼86½vkSj tqUuwu ¼;wuql dks ;kn djks½ tcfd xqLls esa vkdj pyrs gq, vkSj ;s [+;ky u fd;k fd gemu ij jkst+h rax u djsaxs ¼rks geus mUgsa eNyh ds isV esa igq¡pk fn;k½ rks ¼?kVkVksi½ v¡/ksjs esa¼?kcjkdj½ fpYyk mBk fd ¼ijojfnxkj½ rsjs flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha rw ¼gj ,sc ls½ ikd oikdht+k gS cs'kd eSa dqlwjokj gw¡ ¼87½rks geus mudh nqvk dq+cwy dh vkSj mUgsa jat ls utkr nh vkSj ge rks bZekuokyksa dks ;w¡ ghutkr fn;k djrs gSa ¼88½vkSj t+dfj;k ¼dks ;kn djks½ tc mUgksaus ¼ek;wl dh gkyr esa½ vius ijojfnxkj ls nqvk dh ,sesjs ikyus okys eq>s rUgk ¼cs vkSykn½ u NksM+ vkSj rw rks lc okfjlksa ls csgrj gS ¼89½rks geus mudh nqvk lqu yh vkSj mUgsa ;g;k lk csVk vrk fd;k vkSj geus muds fy, mudhchch dks vPNh crk fn;k blesa 'kd ugha fd ;s lc usd dkeksa esa tYnh djrs Fks vkSj gedkscM+h jx+cr vkSj [k+kSQ ds lkFk iqdkjk djrs Fks vkSj gekjs vkxs fxM+fxM+k;k djrs Fks ¼90½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ ml chch dks ¼;kn djks½ ftlus viuh vt+er dh fgQkt+r dh rks geus mu ¼dsisV½ esa viuh rjQ ls :g Qw¡d nh vkSj mudks vkSj muds csVs ¼bZlk½ dks lkjs tgk¡u ds okLrs¼viuh d+qnjr dh½ fu'kkuh cuk;k ¼91½cs'kd ;s rqEgkjk nhu ¼bLyke½ ,d gh nhu gS vkSj eSa rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj gw¡ rks esjh gh bcknrdjks ¼92½vkSj yksxksa us ckge ¼b[k+rsykQ+ djds½ vius nhu dks VqdM+s &VqdM+s dj Mkyk ¼gkyk¡fd½ og lcds lc fgjfQj ds gekjs gh ikl vkus okys gSa ¼93½¼ml oD+r QSlyk gks tk,xk fd½ rks tks 'k[+l vPNs&vPNs dke djsxk vkSj og bZekuokyk Hkhgks rks mldh dksf'k'k vdkjr u dh tk,xh vkSj ge mlds vkeky fy[krs tkrs gSa ¼94½

vkSj ftl cLrh dks geus rckg dj Mkyk eqefdu ugha fd og yksx d+;ker ds fnu fgjfQj dsls ¼gekjs ikl½ u ykSVs ¼95½cl bruk ¼roDdqQ+ rks t+:j gksxk½ fd tc ;ktwt ektwt ¼ln~ns fldUnjh½ dh dS+n ls [kksyfn, tk,¡xs vkSj ;s yksx ¼t+ehu dh½ gj cqyUnh ls nkSM+rs gq, fudy iM+s ¼96½vkSj d+;ker dk lPpk ok;nk ut+nhd vk tk, rks fQj dkfQjksa dh vk¡[kas ,d ne ls iFkjk nhtk,¡ ¼vkSj dgus yxs½ gk; gekjh 'kker fd ge rks bl ¼fnu½ ls x+Qyr gh esa ¼iM+s½ jgs cfYd¼lp rks ;w¡ gS fd vius Åij½ ge vki t+kfye Fks ¼97½¼ml fnu fdgk tk,xk fd ,s dq+Q+kj½ rqe vkSj ftl pht+ dh rqe [kq+nk ds flok ijlfr'k djrsFks ;d+huu tgUuqe dh bZ/ku ¼tykou½ gksaxs ¼vkSj½ rqe lcdks mlesa mrjuk iM+sxk ¼98½vxj ;s ¼lPps½ ekcwn gksrs rks mUgsa nkst+[k+ esa u tkuk iM+rk vkSj ¼vc rks½ lcds lc mlh esages'kk jgsaxs ¼99½mu yksxksa dh nkst+[k+ esa fpa?kkM+ gksxh vkSj ;s yksx ¼vius 'kksj o x+qy esa½ fdlh dh ckr Hkh ulqu ldsaxs ¼100½t+cku vycRrk ftu yksxksa ds okLrs gekjh rjQ ls igys gh HkykbZ ¼rd+nhj esa fy[kh tk pqdh½og yksx nkst+[k+ ls nwj gh nwj j[ks tk,¡xs ¼101½¼;gk¡ rd½ fd ;s yksx mldh Hkud Hkh u lqusaxs vkSj ;s yksx ges'kk viuh euek¡xh eqjknksa esa¼pSu ls½ jgsaxs ¼102½vkSj mudks ¼d+;ker dk½ cM+s ls cM+k [k+kSQ+ Hkh ng'kr esa u yk,xk vkSj Q+fj'rs mu ls[kq+'kh&[kq+'kh eqykd+kr djsaxs vkSj ;s [kq+'k[k+cjh nsaxs fd ;gh og rqEgkjk ¼[kq+'kh dk½ fnu gS ftldk¼nqfu;k esa½ rqels ok;nk fd;k tkrk Fkk ¼103½¼;s½ og fnu ¼gksxk½ tc ge vkleku dks bl rjg yisVsxs ftl rjg [k+rksa dk rwekj yisVk tkrkgS ftl rjg geus ¼e[k+ywd+kr dks½ igyh ckj iSnk fd;k Fkk ¼mlh rjg½ nksckjk ¼iSnk½ dj NksM+sxsa¼;s og½ ok;nk ¼gS ftldk djuk½ ge ij ¼ykft+e½ gS vkSj ge mls t+:j djds jgsaxs ¼104½

vkSj geus rks ulhgr ¼rkSjsr½ ds ckn ;d+huu tqcwj esa fy[k gh fn;k Fkk fd :, t+ehu ds okfjlgekjs usd cUns gksaxs ¼105½blesa 'kd ugha fd blesa bcknr djus okyksa ds fy, ¼,gdkesa [kq+nk dh½ rcyhx+ gS ¼106½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ geus rks rqedks lkjs nqfu;k tgk¡u ds yksxksa ds gd+ esa vt+ljrkik jger cukdjHkstk ¼107½rqe dg nks fd esjs ikl rks cl ;gh Þoghß vkbZ gS fd rqe yksxksa dk ekcwn cl ;drk [kq+nkgS rks D;k rqe ¼mlds½ Qjekcjnkj cUns curs gks ¼108½fQj vxj ;s yksx ¼ml ij Hkh½ eq¡g Qsjsa rks rqe dg nks fd eSaus rqe lcdks ;dlk¡ [k+cj djnh gS vkSj eSa ugha tkurk fd ftl ¼vt+kc½ dk rqels ok;nk fd;k x;k gS d+jhc vk igq¡pk ;k¼vHkh½ nwj gS ¼109½blesa 'kd ugha fd og ml ckr dks Hkh tkurk gS tks iqdkj dj dgh tkrh gS vkSj ftls rqeyksx fNikrs gks mlls Hkh [kw+c okfd+Q gS ¼110½vkSj eSa ;s Hkh ugha tkurk fd 'kk;n ;s ¼rk[k+hjs vt+kc rqEgkjs½ okLrs bfErgku gks vkSj ,deqv¸;qu eqír rd ¼rqEgkjs fy,½ pSu gks ¼111½¼vkf[k+j½ jlwy us nqvk dh ,s esjs ikyus okys rw Bhd&Bhd esjs vkSj dkfQjksa ds njfE;ku QSlykdj ns vkSj gekj ijojfnxkj cM+k esgjcku gS fd mlh ls bu ckrksa esa enn ek¡xh tkrh gS tks rqeyksx c;ku djrs gks ¼112½

22 lwjg gtlwjg gt eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh vBgRrj vk;rs gSaAvYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s yksxksa vius ijojfnxkj ls Mjrs jgks ¼D;ksafd½ d+;ker dk t+yt+yk ¼dksbZ ekewyh ugha½ ,dcM+h ¼l[+r½ pht+ gS ¼1½ftl fnu rqe mls ns[k yksxs rks gj nw/k fiykus okyh ¼Mj ds ekjs½ vius nw/k ihrs ¼cPps½ dksHkwy tk;sxh vkSj lkjh gkeyk vkSjrs vius&vius gey ¼csfg'r ls½ fxjk nsxh vkSj ¼?kcjkgV esa½yksx rq>s erokys ekywe gksaxs gkyk¡fd og erokys ugha gSa cfYd [kq+nk dk vt+kc cgqr l[+r gSfd yksx cngokl gks jgs gSa ¼2½vkSj dqN yksx ,sls Hkh gSa tks cx+Sj tkus [kq+nk ds ckjs esa ¼[+okg eK [+okg½ >xM+rs gSa vkSj gjljd'k 'kSrku ds ihNs gks ysrs gSa ¼3½ftu ¼dh is'kkuh½ ds Åij ¼[k+rs rd+nhj ls½ fy[kk tk pqdk gS fd ftlus mlls nksLrh dh gks rks;s ;d+huu mls xqejkg djds NksM+sxk vkSj nkst+[k+ ds vt+kc rd igq¡pk nsxk ¼4½yksxksa vxj rqedks ¼ejus ds ckn½ nksckjk th mBus esa fdlh rjg dk 'kd gS rks blesa 'kd ughafd geus rqEgsa 'kq:&'kq: feêh ls mlds ckn uqRQs ls mlds ckn tes gq, [+kwu ls fQj ml yksFkM+sls tks iwjk ¼lwMkSy gks½ ;k v/kwjk gks iSnk fd;k rkfd rqe ij ¼viuh dq+njr½ t+kfgj djsa ¼fQjrqEgkjk nksckjk ft+Unk½ djuk D;k eqf'dy gS vkSj ge vkSjrksa ds isV esa ftl ¼uqRQs½ dks pkgrs gSa,d eqír eqv¸;u rd Bgjk j[krs gSa fQj rqedks cPpk cukdj fudkyrs gSa fQj ¼rqEgsa ikyrs gSa½rkfd rqe viuh tokuh dks igq¡pks vkSj rqeesa ls dqN yksx rks ,sls gSa tks ¼d+Cy cq lds vkSj rks t+ehu dks eqnkZ ¼csdkj mQ+rknk½ns[k jgk gS fQj tc ge ml ij ikuh cjlk nsrs gSa rks ygygkus vkSj mHkjus yxrh gS vkSj gjrjg dh [+kq+'kuqek pht+sa mxrh gS rks ;s d+qnjr ds rek'ks blfy, fn[kkrs gSa rkfd rqe tkuks ¼5½fd cs'kd [kq+nk cjgd+ gS vkSj ¼;s Hkh fd½ cs'kd ogh eqnksZa dks ftykrk gS vkSj og ;d+huu gjpht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼6½

vkSj d+;ker ;d+huu vkus okyh gS blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha vkSj cs'kd tks yksx d+czksa esa gSa mudks[kq+nk nksckjk ft+Unk djsxk ¼7½vkSj yksxksa esa ls dqN ,sls Hkh gS tks cstkus cw>s cs fgnk;r ik, cxS+j jkS'ku fdrkc ds ¼tks mlsjkg crk,½ [kq+nk dh vk;rksa ls eq¡g eksMs ¼8½¼[+okge[+okg½ [kq+nk ds ckjs esa yM+us ejus ij rS;kj gS rkfd ¼yksxksa dks½ vYykg dh jkg cgdkns ,sls ¼ukcdkj½ ds fy, nqfu;k esa ¼Hkh½ :lokbZ gS vkSj d+;ker ds fnu ¼Hkh½ ge mls tgUuqeds vt+kc ¼dk et+k½ p[kk,¡xs ¼9½vkSj ml oD+r mlls dgk tk,xk fd ;s mu vkeky dh lt+k gS tks rsjs gkFkksa us igys ls fd,gSa vkSj cs'kd [kq+nk cUnksa ij gjfxt+ tq+Ye ugha djrk ¼10½vkSj yksxksa esa ls dqN ,sls Hkh gSa tks ,d fdukjs ij ¼[kM+s gksdj½ [kq+nk dh bcknr djrk gS rksvxj mldks dksbZ Qk;nk igq¡p x;k rks mldh otg ls eqrebZu gks x;k vkSj vxj dgha ml dksbZeqlhcr Nw Hkh x;h rks ¼QkSju½ eq¡g Qsj ds ¼dqÝ+ dh rjQ+½ iyV iM+k mlus nqfu;k vkSj vk[ks+jr¼nksuksa½ dk ?kkVk mBk;k ;gh rks ljhgh ?kkVk gS ¼11½[kq+nk dks NksM+dj mu pht+ksa dks ¼gktr ds oD+r½ cqykrk gS tks u mldks uqd+lku gh igq¡pk ldrsgSa vkSj u dqN uQk gh igq¡pk ldrs gSa ¼12½;gh rks iYys njus dh xqejkgh gS vkSj mldks viuh gktr jokbZ ds fy, iqdkjrk gS ftl dkuqd+lku mlds uQs ls T+;knk d+jhc gS cs'kd ,slk ekfyd Hkh cqjk vkSj ,slk jQhd+ Hkh cqjk ¼13½cs'kd ftu yksxksa us bZeku dq+cwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, mudks ¼[kq+nk csg'r ds½ mu¼gjs&Hkjs½ ckx+kr eas ys tkdj nkf[k+y djsxk ftuds uhps ugjsa tkjh gksxha cs'kd [kq+nk tks pkgrk gSdjrk gS ¼14½tks 'k[+l ¼xq+Lls esa½ ;s cnxqekuh djrk gS fd nqfu;k vkSj vk[k+sjr esa [kq+nk mldh gjfx+t enn udjsxk rks mls pkfg, fd vkleku rd jLlh rkus ¼vkSj vius xys esa Qk¡lh Mky ns½ fQj mlsdkV ns ¼rkfd ?kqV dj ej tk,½ fQj nsf[k, fd tks pht+ mls xqLls esa yk jgh Fkh mls mldhrn~chj nwj nQ+k dj nsrh gS ¼15½¼;k ugha½ vkSj geus bl dq+jku dks ;w¡ gh okts+, o jkS'ku fu'kkfu;k¡ ¼cukdj½ ukft+y fd;k vkSjcs'kd [kq+nk ftldh pkgrk gS fgnk;r djrk gS ¼16½

lesa 'kd ugha fd ftu yksxksa us bZeku dq+cwy fd;k ¼eqlyeku½ vkSj ;gwnh vkSj yket+gc yksxvkSj uqlSjk vkSj etwlh ¼vkfr'kijLr½ vkSj eq'kjsdhu ¼dq+Q+kj½ ;d+huu [kq+nk mu yksxksa ds njfe;;kud+;ker ds fnu ¼Bhd Bhd½ Q+Slyk dj nsxk blesa 'kd ugha fd [kq+nk gj pht+ dks ns[k jgk gS¼17½D;k rqeus bldks Hkh ugha ns[kk fd tks yksx vklekuksa esa gSa vkSj tks yksx t+ehu esa gSa vkSjvkQrkc vkSj ekgrkc vkSj flrkjs vkSj igkM+ vkSj nj[+r vkSj pkjik, ¼x+jt+ dqy e[k+ywd+kr½ vkSjvknfe;ksa esa ls cgqr ls yksx lc [kq+nk gh dks ltnk djrs gSa vkSj cgqrsjs ,sls Hkh gSa ftu ijukQ+jekuh dh otg ls vt+kc dk ¼dk vkuk½ ykft+e gks pqdk gS vkSj ftldks [kq+nk t+yhy djsfQj mldk dksbZ bT+t+r nsus okyk ugha dqN 'kd ugha fd [kq+nk tks pkgrk gS djrk gS ¼18½ ltnk6;s nksuksa ¼eksfeu o dkfQj½ nks Qjhd+ gSa vkil esa vius ijojfnxkj ds ckjs esa yM+rs gSa x+jt+ tksyksx dkfQ+j gks cSBs muds fy, rks vkx ds diM+s ds+rk fd, x, gSa ¼og mUgsa iguk, tk,¡xsavkSj½ muds ljksa ij [kkSyrk gqvk ikuh m¡Msyk tk,xk ¼19½ftl ¼dh xehZ½ ls tks dqN muds isV esa gS ¼vk¡rsa ox+Sjg½ vkSj [kkysa lc xy tk,¡xh ¼20½vkSj muds ¼ekjus ds½ fy, yksgs ds xqt+Z gksaxs ¼21½fd tc lnesa ds ekjs pkgsaxs fd nkst+[k+ ls fudy Hkkxsa rks ¼x+qtZ+ ekj ds½ fQj mlds vUnj

vkSj ¼,s jlwy og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc geus bcjkghe ds t+fj;s ls bcjghe ds okLrs [k+ku, dkckdh txg t+kfgj dj nh ¼vkSj muls dgk fd½ esjk fdlh pht+ dks 'kjhd u cukuk vkSj esjs ?kjdsk rokQ vkSj d+;ke vkSj :dw lqtwn djus okyksa ds okLrs lkQ lqFkjk j[kuk ¼26½vkSj yksxksa dks gt dh [k+cj dj nks fd yksx rqEgkjs ikl ¼t+wd nj t+wd½ T+;knk vkSj gj rjgdh nqcyh ¼lokfj;ksa ij tks jkg nwj njkt+ r; djds vk;h gksxh p

vkSj ¼,s jlwy gekjs½ fxM+fxM+kus okys cUnksa dks ¼csg'r dh½ [kq+'k[k+cjh ns nks ;s og gSa fd tc¼muds lkeus½ [kq+nk dk uke fy;k tkrk gS rks muds fny lge tkrs gSa vkSj tc muij dksbZeqlhcr vk iM+s rks lcz djrs gSa vkSj uekt+ ikcUnh ls vnk djrs gSa vkSj tks dqN geus mUgsa nsj[kk gS mlesa ls ¼jkgs [kq+nk esa½ [k+pZ djrs gSa ¼35½vkSj dq+jckuh ¼eksVs xncns½ Å¡V Hkh geus rqEgkjs okLrs [kq+nk dh fu'kkfu;ksa esa ls d+jkj fn;k gSblesa rqEgkjh cgqr lh HkykbZ;k¡ gSa fQj mudk rkars dk rkark ck¡/k dj ft+ckg djks vkSj ml oD+rmu ij [kq+nk dk uke yks fQj tc muds nLr o cktw dkVdj fxj iM+s rks mUgha ls rqe [kq+n Hkh[kkvks vkSj ds+ukvr is'kk Qd+hjksa vkSj ek¡xus okys eksgrktksa ¼nksuksa½ dks Hkh f[kykvks geus ;w¡ butkuojksa dks rqEgkjk rkcs, dj fn;k rkfd rqe 'kqØxqt+kj cuks ¼36½[kq+nk rd u rks gjfxt+ muds xks'r gh igq¡psxs vkSj u [kw+u exj ¼gk¡½ ml rd rqEgkjh ijgst+xkjhvycRrk igq¡psxh vYykg us tkuojksa dks ¼blfy,½ ;w¡ rqEgkjs d+kcw esa dj fn;k gS rkfd ftl rjg[kq+nk us rqEgsa cuk;k gS mlh rjg mldh cM+kbZ djks ¼37½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ usdh djus okyksa dks ¼ges'kk dh½ [+kq+'k[k+cjh ns nks blesa 'kd ugha fd [kq+nkbZekuokyksa ls dq+Q+kj dks nwj nQk djrk jgrk gS [kq+nk fdlh cnn;kur uk'kqØs dks gjfxt+ nksLrugha j[krk ¼38½ftu ¼eqlyekuksa½ ls ¼dq+Q+kj½ yM+rs Fks pw¡fd og ¼cgqr½ lrk, x, ml otg ls mUgsa Hkh¼ftgkn½ dh btkt+r ns nh xbZ vkSj [kq+nk rks mu yksxksa dh enn ij ;d+huu d+kfnj ¼or okuk½ gS¼39½;s og ¼et+ywe gSa tks cspkjs½ flQZ bruh ckr dgus ij fd gekjk ijojfnxkj [kq+nk gS ¼ukgd+½vius&vius ?kjksa ls fudky fn, x;s vkSj vxj [kq+nk yksxksa dks ,d nwljs ls nwj nQk u djrkjgrk rks fxjts vkSj ;gwfn;ksa ds bcknr [+kkus vkSj etwl ds bcknr[k+kus vkSj efLtn ftuesa dljrls [kq+nk dk uke fy;k tkrk gS dc ds dc

vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ vxj ;s ¼dq+Q+kj½ rqedks >qBykrs gSa rks dksb rkTtqc dh ckr ugha muls igys uwgdh d+kSe vkSj ¼d+kSes vkn vkSj lewn½ ¼42½vkSj bcjkghe dh d+kSe vkSj ywr dh d+kSe ¼43½vkSj efn;u ds jgus okys ¼vius&vius iSx+Ecjksa dks½ >qByk pqds gSa vkSj ewlk ¼Hkh½ >qByk, tkpqds gSa rks eSaus dkfQjksa dks pUn qBykus esa gekjs½ vkftt+ djus ds okLrs dksf'k'k dh ;ghyksx rks tgUuqeh gSa ¼51½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ geus rks rqels igys tc dHkh dksbZ jlwy vkSj uch Hkstk rks ;s t+:j gqvk fdftl oD+r mlus ¼rcyhx+s ,gdke dh½ vkjt+w dh rks 'kSrku us mldh vkjt+w esa ¼ykskxksa dks cgdk

dj½ [k+yy Mky fn;k fQj tks ol olk 'kSrku Mkyrk gS [kq+nk mls csV nsrk gS fQj vius,gdke dks et+cwr djrk gS vkSj [kq+nk rks cM+k okfd+Qdkj nkuk gS ¼52½vkSj 'kSrku tks ¼ololk½ Mkyrk ¼Hkh½ gS rks blfy, rkfd [kq+nk mls mu yksxksa ds vkt+ekb'k ¼dkt+fj;k½ d+jkj ns ftuds fnyksa esa ¼dqÝ dk½ et+Z gS vkSj ftuds fny l[+r gSa vkSj cs'kd ¼;s½t+kfye eq'kjsdhu iYys njts dh eq[k+kysQ+r esa iM+s gSa ¼53½vkSj ¼blfy, Hkh½ rkfd ftu yksxksa dks ¼dqrwcs lekoh dk½ bYe vrk gqvk gS og tku ysa fd ;s¼ogh½ cs'kd rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls Bhd Bhd ¼ukft+y½ gqbZ gS fQj ¼;s [+;ky djds½ blij og yksx bZeku yk, fQj muds fny [kq+nk ds lkeus vkftt+h djsa vkSj blesa rks 'kd gh ughafd ftu yksxksa us bZeku dq+cwy fd;k mudh [kq+nk lh/kh jkg rd igq¡pk nsrk gS ¼54½vkSj tks yksx dkfQj gks cSBs og rks dq+jku dh rjQ ls ges'kk 'kd gh esa iM+s jgsaxs ;gk¡ rdfd d+;ker ;dk;d muds lj ij vk ekStwn gks ;k ¼;w¡ dgks fd½ muij ,d l[+r eugwl fnudk vt+kc ukft+y gqvk ¼55½ml fnu dh gqdwer rks [k+kl [kq+nk gh dh gksxh og yksxksa ¼ds ckgeh ,[+rsykQ½ dk Q+Slyk djnsxk rks ftu yksxksa us bZeku dq+cwy fd;k vkSj vPNs dke fd, gSa og usverksa ds ¼Hkjs½ gq,ckx+kr ¼csg'r½ esa jgsaxs ¼56½vkSj ftu yksxksa us dqÝ ,f[+r;kj fd;k vkSj gekjh vk;rksa dks >qByk;k rks ;gh og ¼dEc[+r½yksx gSa ¼57½ftuds fy, t+yhy djus okyk vt+kc gS ftu yksxksa us [kq+nk dh jkg es a vius nsl NksMs+ fQj'kghn fd, x, ;k ¼vki viuh ekSr ls½ ej x, [kq+nk mUgsa ¼vkf[k+jr esa½ t+:j mEnk jkst+h vrkQ+jek,xk ¼58½vkSj cs'kd reke jkst+h nsus okyksa esa [kq+nk gh lcls csgrj gS og mUgsa t+:j ,slh txg ¼csfg'r½igq¡pk nsxk ftlls og fugky gks tk,¡xs ¼59½vkSj [kq+nk rks cs'kd cM+k okfd+Qdkj cqnZokj gS ;gh ¼Bhd½ gS vkSj tks 'k[+l ¼vius nq'eu dks½mruk gh lrk, ftruk ;s mlds gkFkksa ls lrk;k x;k Fkk mlds ckn fQj ¼nksckjk nq'keu dh rjQ+ls½ ml ij T+;knrh dh tk, rks [kq+nk ml et+ywe dh t+:j enn djsxk ¼60½cs'kd [kq+nk cM+k ekQ djus okyk c[k+'kus okyk gS ;s ¼enn½ bl otg ls nh tk,xh fd [kq+nk

¼cM+k d+kfnj gS ogh½ rks jkr dks fnu esa nkf[k+y djrk gS vkSj fnu dks jkr esa nkf[k+y djrk gSvkSj blesa Hkh 'kd ugha fd [kq+nk lc dqN tkurk gS ¼61½¼vkSj½ bl otg ls ¼Hkh½ fd ;d+huu [kq+nk gh cjgd+ gS vkSj mlds flok ftudks yksx ¼oD+rseqlhcr½ iqdkjk djrs gSa ¼lcds lc½ ckfry gSa vkSj ¼;s Hkh½ ;d+huh ¼gS fd½ [kq+nk gh ¼lcls½cqyUn erZck cqtq+Zx gS ¼62½vjs D;k rwus bruk Hkh ugha ns[kk fd [kq+nk gh vkleku ls ikuh cjlkrk gS rks t+ehu lj lCt+¼o 'kknkc½ gks tkrh gS cs'kd [kq+nk ¼cUnksa ds gky ij½ cM+k esgjcku okfd+Q+dkj gS ¼63½tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS ¼x+jt+ lc dqN½ mlh dk gS vkSj blesa rks'kd gh ugha fd [kq+nk ¼lcls½ csijokg ¼vkSj½ lt+kokj gEn gS ¼64½D;k rwus ml ij Hkh ut+j u Mkyh fd tks dqN :, t+ehu esa gS lcdks [kq+nk gh us rqEgkjs d+kcwesa dj fn;k gS vkSj d'rh dks ¼Hkh½ tks mlds gqDe ls nfj;k esa pyrh gS vkSj ogh rks vklekudks jksds gq, gS fd t+ehu ij u fxj iM+s exj ¼tc½ mldk gqDe gksxk ¼rks fxj iMs+xk½ blesa'kd ugha fd [kq+nk yksxksa ij cM+k esgjcku o jgeokyk gS ¼65½vkSj ogh rks d+kfnj eqRrfyd+ gS ftlus rqedks ¼igyh ckj ek¡ ds isV esa½ ftyk mBk;k fQj oghrqedks ekj Mkysxk fQj ogh rqedks nksckjk ft+Unxh nsxk ¼66½blesa 'kd ugha fd bUlku cM+k gh uk'kqØk gS ¼,s jlwy½ geus gj mEer ds okLrs ,d rjhd+keqd+jZj dj fn;k fd og bl ij pyrs gSa fQj rks mUgsa bl nhu ¼bLyke½ esa rqe ls >xM+k udjuk pkfg, vkSj rqe ¼yksxksa dks½ vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ cqyk, tkvks ¼67½cs'kd rqe lh/ks jkLrs ij gks vkSj vxj ¼bl ij Hkh½ yksx rqels >xM+k djsa rks rqd dg nks fdtks dqN rqe dj jgs gks [kq+nk mlls [kw+c okfd+Q+ gS ¼68½ftu ckrksa esa rqe ckge >xM+k djrs Fks d+;ker ds fnu vYykg rqe yksxksa ds njfE;ku ¼Bhd½Q+Slyk dj nsxk ¼69½¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqe ugha tkurs fd tks dqN vkleku vkSj t+ehu esa gS [kq+nk ;d+huu tkurk gSmlesa rks 'kd ugha fd ;s lc ¼ckrsa½ fdrkc ¼ykSgs egQwt+½ esa ¼fy[kh gqbZ ekStwn½ gSa ¼70½cs'kd ;s ¼lc dqN½ [kq+nk ij vklku gS vkSj ;s yksx [kq+nk dks NksM+dj mu yksxksa dh bcknr

djrs gSa ftuds fy, u rks vYykg gh us dksbZ lun ukft+y dh gS vkSj u ml ¼ds gd+ gksus½ dk[kq+n mUgsa bYe gS vkSj d+;ker esa rks t+kfyeksa dk dksbZ ennxkj Hkh ugha gksxk ¼71½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ tc gekjh okt+s, o jkS'ku vk;rsa muds lkeus i

23 lwjg eksfeuwulwjg eksfeuwu eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj blesa ,d lkS vBkjg vk;rsa vkSj 6 #dq gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvycÙkk og beku ykus okys jLrxkj gq, ¼1½tks viuh uekt+ksa esa ¼vYykg ds lkeus½ fxM+fxM+krs gSa ¼2½vkSj tks csgwnk ckrksa ls eq¡g Qsjs jgrs gSa ¼3½vkSj tks t+dkr ¼vnk½ fd;k djrs gSa ¼4½vkSj tks ¼viuh½ 'keZxkgksa dks ¼gjke ls½ cpkrs gSa ¼5½exj viuh chfc;ksa ls ;k viuh t+j [k+jhn ykSufM;ksa ls fd mu ij gjfxt+ bYt+ke ugha gks ldrk¼6½il tks 'k[+l mlds flok fdlh vkSj rjhds+ ls 'kgor ijLrh dh reUuk djs rks ,sls gh yksx gnls c

fQj ge gh us uqrQ+s dks tek gqvk [k+wu cuk;k fQj ge gh us equtfen [kw+u dks xks'r dkyksFkM+k cuk;k ge gh us yksFkMs+ dh gfM~M;k¡ cuk;ha fQj ge gh us gfM~M;ksa ij xks'r p

gks u gksa cl ;s ,d vkneh gS ftls tquwu gks x;k gS x+jt+ rqe yksx ,d ¼[k+kl½ oD+r rd¼blds vUtke dk½ bUrst+kj ns[kks ¼25½uwg us ¼;s ckrsa lqudj½ nqvk dh ,s esjs iyus okys esjh enn dj ¼26½bl otg ls fd mu yksxksa us eq>s >qByk fn;k rks geus uwg ds ikl ^ogh* Hksth fd rqe gekjslkeus gekjs gqDe ds eqrkfcd+ d'rh cukuk 'kq# djks fQj tc dy gekjk vt+kc vk tk, vkSjrUuwj ¼ls ikuh½ mcyus yxs rks rqe mlesa gj fdLe ¼ds tkuojksa esa½ ls ¼uj eknk½ nks nks dktksM+k vkSj vius yM+ds ckyksa dks fcBk yks exj mu esa ls ftldh fuLcr ¼x+jd+ gksus dk½ igysls gekjk gqD+e gks pqdk gS ¼mUgsa NksM+ nks½ vkSj ftu yksxksa us ¼gekjs gqde ls½ ljd'kh dh gSmuds ckjs esa eq>ls dqN dguk ¼lquuk½ ugha D;ksafd ;s yksx ;dhuu Mwcus okys gS ¼27½x+jt+ tc rqe vius gejkfg;ksa ds lkFk d'rh ij nq#Lr cSBks rks dgks reke gEnks luk dhlt+kokj vYykg gh gS ftlus gedks t+kfye yksxksa ls utkr nh ¼28½vkSj nqvk djks fd ,s esjs ikyus okys rw eq>dks ¼nj[+r ds ikuh dh½ ck cjdr txg esa mrkjukvkSj rw rks lc mrkjus okyks als csgrj gS ¼29½blesa 'kd ugha fd glesa ¼gekjh d+qnjr dh½ cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa vkSj gedks rks cl mudkbfErgku ysuk eat+wj Fkk ¼30½fQj geus muds ckn ,d vkSj d+kSe dks ¼lewn½ dks iSnk fd;k ¼31½vkSj geus mugh esa ls ¼,d vkneh lkysg dks½ jlwy cukdj mu yksxksa esa Hkstk ¼vkSj mUgksaus viuhd+kSe ls dgk½ fd vYykg dh bcknr djks mlds flok dksbZ rqEgkjk ekcwn ugha rks D;k rqe¼mlls Mjrs ugh gks½ ¼32½vkSj mudh d+kSe ds pUn ljnkjksa us tks dkfQj Fks vkSj ¼jkst+½ vkf[k+jr dh gkft+jh dks Hkh>qBykrs Fks vkSj nqfu;k dh ¼pUn jkst+k½ ft+Unxh esa geus mUgsa 'kgor Hkh ns j[kh Fkh vkil esadgus yxs ¼vjs½ ;s rks cl rqEgkjk gh lk vkneh gS tks pht+s rqe [kkrs ogh ;s Hkh [kkrk gS vkSjtks pht+s rqe ihrs gks mUgha es a ls ;s Hkh ihrk gS ¼33½vkSj vxj dgha rqe yksxksa us vius gh ls vkneh dh brkvr dj yh rks rqe t+#j ?kkVs esa jgksxs¼34½

D;k ;s 'k[+l rqels ok;nk djrk gS fd tc rqe ej tkvksxs vkSj ¼ej dj½ flQZ feêh vkSjgfM~M;k¡ ¼cudj½ jg tkvksxs rks rqe nqckjk ft+Unk djds dczkssa ls fudkys tkvksxs ¼gS gS vjs½ftldk rqels ok;nk fd;k tkrk gS ¼35½fcYdqy ¼vD+y ls½ nwj vkSj d+;kl ls cbZn gS ¼nks ckj ft+Unk gksuk dSlk½ cl ;gh rqEgkjh nqfu;kdh ft+Unxh gS ¼36½fd ge ejrs Hkh gSa vkSj thrs Hkh gSa vkSj ge rks fQj ¼nqckjk½ mBk, ugha tk,¡xs gks u gks ;s¼lkysg½ og 'k[+l gS ftlus vYykg ij >wB ewB cksgrku ck¡/kk gS ¼37½vkSj ge rks dHkh ml ij beku ykus okys ugha ¼;s gkyr ns[kdj½ lkysg us nqvk dh ,s esjsikyus okys pw¡fd bu yksxksa us eq>s >qByk fn;k ¼38½rw esjh enn dj vYykg us Qjek;k ¼,d t+jk Bgj tkvks½ ¼39½vud+jhc gh ;s yksx ukfne o ijs'kku gks tk,¡xs ¼40½x+jt+ mUgsa ;d+huu ,d l[+r fpa?kkM+ us ys Mkyk rks geus mUgsa dwMs+ djdV ¼dk

vkil es dgus yxs D;k ge vius gh ,sls nks vknfe;ksa ij beku ys vk,¡ gkyk¡fd bu nksuksa dh¼d+kSe dh½ d+kSe gekjh f[k+ner xkjh djrh gS ¼47½xjt+ mu yksxksa us bu nksuksa dks >qByk;k rks vkf[k+j ;s lc ds lc gykd dj Mkys x, ¼48½vkSj geus ewlk dks fdrkc ¼rkSjSr½ blfy, vrk dh Fkh fd ;s yksx fgnk;r ik,¡ ¼49½vkSj geus efj;e ds csVs ¼bZlk½ vkSj mudh ek¡ dks ¼viuh dqnjr dh fu'kkuh cuk;k Fkk½ vkSj munksuksa dks geus ,d Å¡ph geokj Bgjus ds d+kfcy p'es okyh t+ehu ij ¼jgus dh½ txg nh¼50½vkSj esjk vke gqDe Fkk fd ,s ¼esjs iSx+Ecj½ ikd o ikdht+k pht+sa [kkvks vkSj vPNs vPNs dkedjks ¼D;ksafd½ rqe tks dqN djrs gks eSa mlls c[k+wch okfd+Q gw¡ ¼51½¼yksxksa ;s nhu bLyke½ rqe lcdk et+gc ,d gh et+gc gS vkSj eS rqe yksxksa dk ijojfnxkj gw¡¼52½rks cl eq>h ls Mjrs jgks fQj yksxksa us vius dke ¼esa ,[+kfrykQ djds ml½ dks VqdM+s VqdM+sdj Mkyk gj fxjks tks dqN mlds ikl gS mlh esa fugky fugky gS ¼53½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe mu yksxksa dks mu dh x+Qyr esa ,d [k+kl oD+r rd ¼iM+k½ NksM+ nks ¼54½D;k ;s yksx ;s [+;ky djrs gS fd ge tks mUgsa eky vkSj vkSykn esa rjD+d+h ns jgs gS rks gemuds lkFk HkykbZ;k¡ djus esa tYnh dj jgs gS ¼55½¼,slk ugha½ cfYd ;s yksx le>rs ugha ¼56½mlesa 'kd ugha fd tks yksx vius ijojfnxkj dh og'kr ls yjt+ jgs gS ¼57½vkSj tks yksx vius ijojfnxkj dh ¼d+qnjr dh½ fu'kkfu;ksa ij beku j[krs gSa ¼58½vkSj vius ijojfnxkj dk fdlh dks 'kjhd ugh cukrs ¼59½

vkSj tks yksx ¼vYykg dh jkg esa½ tks dqN cu iM+rk gS nsrs gSa vkSj fQj muds fny dks blckr dk [kVdk yxk gqvk gS fd mUgsa vius ijojfnxkj ds lkeus ykSV dj tkuk gS ¼60½¼nsf[k;s D;k gksrk gS½ ;gh yksx vycÙkk usfd;ksa esa tYnh djrs gSa vkSj HkykbZ dh rjQ ¼nwljksals½ yid ds vkxs c

¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqe muls ¼viuh fjlkyr dh½ dqN mtjr ek¡xrsa gksa rks rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dhmtjr mlls dgh csgrj gS vkSj og rks lcls csgrj jkst+h nsus okyk gS ¼72½vkSj rqe rks ;d+huu mudks lh/kh jkg dh rjQ cqykrs gks ¼73½vkSj blesa 'kd ugha fd tks yksx vkf[k+jr ij beku ugha j[krs og lh/kh jkg ls gVs gq, gSa ¼74½vkSj vxj ge mu ij rjl [kk;sa vkSj tks rdyhQsa mudks ¼dqÝ dh otg ls½ igq¡p jgh gSa mudks nQk dj nsa rks ;d+huu ;s yksx ¼vkSj Hkh½ viuh ljd'kh ij vM+ tk, vkSj HkVdrs fQjsa¼75½vkSj geus mudks vt+kc esa fxjrkj fd;k rks Hkh os yksx u rks vius ijojfnxkj ds lkeus >qdsvkSj fxM+fxM+k,¡ ¼76½;gk¡ rd fd tc geus muds lkeus ,d l[+r vt+kc dk njokt+k [kksy fn;k rks ml oD+r QkSju;s yksx csvkl gksdj cSB jgs ¼77½gkyk¡fd ogh og ¼esgjcku [kq+nk½ gS ftlus rqEgkjs fy, dku vkSj vk¡[ksa vkSj fny iSnk fd;s¼exj½ rqe yksx gks gh cgqr de 'kqØ djus okys ¼78½vkSj og ogh ¼vYykg½ gS ftlus rqe dks #, t+ehu esa ¼gj rjQ½ QSyk fn;k vkSj fQj ¼,dfnu½ lc ds lc mlh ds lkeus bdV~Bs fd;s tkvksxs ¼79½vkSj ogh og ¼vYykg½ gS tks ftykrk vkSj ekjrk gS fd vkSj jkr fnu dk Qsj cny Hkh mlhds ,[+fr;kj esa gS rks D;k rqe ¼bruk Hkh½ ugha le>rs ¼80½¼bu ckrksa dks le>sa [k+kd ugha½ cfYd tks vxys yksx dgrs vk, oSlh gh ckr ;s Hkh dgus yxs¼81½fd tc ge ej tk,¡xsa vkSj ¼ejdj½ feêh ¼dk

¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd Hkyk vxj rqe yksx dqN tkurs gks ¼rks crkvks½ ;s t+ehu vkSj tksyksx blesa gSa fdl ds gSa og QkSju tokc nsxsa vYykg ds ¼84½rqe dg nks fd rks D;k rqe vc Hkh x+kSj u djksxs ¼85½¼,s jlwy½ rqe muls iwNks rks fd lkrksa vklekuksa dk ekfyd vkSj ¼brus½ cM+s v'kZ dk ekfyddkSu gS rks QkSju tokc nsxsa fd ¼lc dqN½ [kq+nk gh dk gS ¼86½vc rqe dgks rks D;k rqe vc Hkh ¼mlls½ ugha Mjksxs ¼87½¼,s jlwy½ rqe muls iwNks fd Hkyk vxj rqe dqN tkurs gks ¼rks crkvks½ fd og dkSu 'k[+l gS&ftlds ,[+rs;kj esa gj pht+ dh ckn'kkgr gS og ¼ftls pkgrk gS½ iukg nsrk gS vkSj ml ¼dsvt+kc½ ls iukg ugha nh tk ldrh ¼88½rks ;s yksx QkSju cksy mBsaxs fd ¼lc ,[+rs;kj½ vYykg gh dks gS& vc rqe dg nks fd rqe ijtknw dgk¡ fd;k tkrk gS ¼89½ckr ;s gS fd geus muds ikl gd+ ckr igq¡pk nh vkSj ;s yksx ;d+huu >wBs gSa ¼90½u rks vYykg us fdlh dks ¼viuk½ csVk cuk;k gS vkSj u mlds lkFk dksbZ vkSj vYykg gS ¼vxj,slk gksrk½ ml oD+r gj [kq+nk vius vius e[k+ywd+ dks fy, fy, fQjrk vkSj ;d+huu ,d nwljsij p

vkSj cqjh ckr ds tokc esa ,slh ckr dgks tks fugk;r vPNh gks tks dqN ;s yksx ¼rqEgkjhfuLcr½ c;ku djrs gSa mlls ge [k+wc okfd+Q gSa ¼96½vkSj ¼;s Hkh½ nqvk djks fd ,s esjs ikyus okys eS 'kSrku ds ololksa ls rsjh iukg ek¡xrk gw¡ ¼97½vkSj ,s esjs ijojfnxkj blls Hkh rsjh iukg ek¡xrk gw¡ fd 'k;krhu esjs ikl vk,¡ ¼98½¼vkSj dq+Q+kj rks ekusxsa ugha½ ;gk¡ rd fd tc muesa ls fdlh dks ekSr vk;h rks dgus yxsijojfnxkj rw eq>s ¼,d ckj½ ml eqd+ke ¼nqfu;k½ esa NksM+ vk;k gw¡ fQj okil dj ns rkfd eS¼vidh nQ+k½ vPNs vPNs dke d:a ¼99½¼tokc fn;k tk,xk½ gjfxt+ ugha ;s ,d yx+ks ckr gS& ftls og cd jgk vkSj muds ¼ejus ds½ckn ¼vkyes½ cjt+[k+ gS ¼100½¼tgk¡½ d+czksa ls mBk, tk,¡xsa ¼jguk gksxk½ fQj ftl oD+r lwj Qw¡dk tk,xk rks ml fnu u yksxksaesa d+jkcr nkfj;k¡ jgsxh vkSj u ,d nwljs dh ckr iwNsaxs ¼101½fQj ftu ¼ds usfd;ksa½ ds iYysa Hkkjh gksxsa rks ;gh yksx dke;kc gksaxs ¼102½vkSj ftu ¼ds usfd;ksa½ ds iYysa gYds gksaxsa rks ;gh yksx gS ftUgksaus viuk uqd+lku fd;k fdges'kk tgUuqe esa jgsaxs ¼103½vkSj ¼mudh ;s gkyr gksxh fd½ tgUuqe dh vkx muds eq¡g dks >qylk nsxh vkSj yksx eq¡g cuk,gq, gksxsa ¼104½¼ml oD+r ge iwNsaxsa½ D;k rqEgkjs lkeus esjh vk;rsa u i ls ckr u djks ¼108½

esjs cUnksa esa ls ,d fxjksg ,slk Hkh Fkk tks ¼cjkcj½ ;s nqvk djrk Fkk fd ,s gekjs ikyus okysge beku yk, rks rw gedks c[+'k ns vkSj ge ij jge dj rw rks reke jge djus okyksa lscsgrj gS ¼109½rks rqe yksxksa us mUgsa el[kjk cuk fy;k&;gk¡ rd fd ¼xks;k½ mu yksxksa us rqe ls esjh ;kn Hkqyknh vkSj rqe mu ij ¼cjkcj½ g¡lrs jgs ¼110½eSus vkt mudks muds lcz dk vPNk cnyk fn;k fd ;gh yksx viuh ¼[k+kfrj[+okg½ eqjkn dksigq¡pus okys gSa ¼111½¼fQj muls½ vYykg iwNsxk fd ¼vkf[k+j½ rqe t+ehu ij fdrus cjl jgs ¼112½og dgsaxsa ¼cjl dSlk½ ge rks cl iwjk ,d fnu jgs ;k ,d fnu ls Hkh de ¼113½rks rqe 'kqekj djus okyksa ls iwN yks vYykg Qjek,xk cs'kd rqe ¼t+ehu esa½ cgqr gh de Bgjsdk'k rqe ¼bruh ckr Hkh nqfu;k esa½ le>s gksrs ¼114½rks D;k rqe ;s [+;ky djrs gks fd geus rqedks ¼;w¡ gh½ csdkj iSnk fd;k vkSj ;s fd rqe gekjsgqt+wj esa ykSVk dj u yk, tkvksxs ¼115½rks vYykg tks lPpk ckn'kkg ¼gj pht+ ls½ cjrj o vkyk gS mlds flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha ¼ogha½v'kZ cqtq+Zx dk ekfyd gS ¼116½vkSj tks 'k[+l vYykg ds lkFk nwljs ekcwn dh Hkh ijlfr'k djsxk mlds ikl bl f'kdZ dh dksbZnyhy rks gS ugha rks cl mldk fglkc ¼fdrkc½ mlds ijojfnxkj gh ds ikl gksxk ¼exj ;knjgs fd dq+Q+kj gjfxt+ QykWg ikus okys ugha½ ¼117½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks ijojfnxkj rw ¼esjh mEer dks½ c[+'k ns vkSj rjl [kk vkSj rw rkslc jge djus okyksa ls csgrj gS ¼118½

24 lwjg uwjlwjg uwj enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh pkSlB vk;rs gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼;s½ ,d lwjk gS ftls geus ukft+y fd;k gS vkSj ml ¼ds ,gd+ke½ dks QtZ+ dj fn;k gS vkSjblesa geus okt+s, o jkS'ku vk;rsa ukft+y dh gSa rkfd rqe ¼x+kSj djds½ ulhgr gkfly djks ¼1½f+t+uk djus okyh vkSjr vkSj ft+uk djus okys enZ bu nksuksa esa ls gj ,d dks lkS ¼lkS½ dksMs+ ekjksvkSj vxj rqe vYykg vkSj jksts+ vkf[k+jr ij beku j[krs gks rks gqDes vYykg ds ukfQt+ djusesa rqedks muds ckjs esa fdlh rjg dh rjl dk fygkt+ u gksus ik, vkSj mu nksuksa dh lt+k dsoD+r eksfeu dh ,d tekvr dks ekStwn jguk pkfg, ¼2½ft+uk djus okyk enZ rks ft+uk djus okyh vkSjr ;k eq'kfjdk ls fudkg djsxk vkSj ft+uk djusokyh vkSjr Hkh cl ft+uk djus okys gh enZ ;k eq'kfjd ls fudkg djsxh vkSj lPps bekunkjksa ijrks bl fd+Le ds rkYyqd+kr gjke gSa ¼3½vkSj tks yksx ikd nkeu vkSjrksa ij ¼ft+uk dh½ rksger yxk,¡ fQj ¼vius nkos ij½ pkj xokgis'k u djsa rks mUgsa vLlh dksM+sa ekjks vkSj fQj ¼vkbUnk½ dHkh mudh xokgh dq+cwy u djks vkSj¼;kn j[kks fd½ ;s yksx [k+qn cndkj gSa ¼4½exj gk¡ ftu yksxksa us mlds ckn rkSck dj yh vkSj viuh blykg dh rks cs'kd vYykg cM+kc[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼5½vkSj tks yksx viuh chfo;ksa ij ¼ft+uk½ dk ,sc yxk,¡ vkSj ¼blds lqcwr esa½ vius flok mudkdksbZ xokg u gks rks ,sls yksxksa esa ls ,d dh xokgh pkj ejrck bl rjg gksxh fd og ¼gjejrck½ vYykg dh d+le [kkdj c;ku djs fd og ¼vius nkos esa½ t#j lPpk gS ¼6½vkSj ik¡poh ¼ejrck½ ;w¡ ¼dgsxk½ vxj og >wV cksyrk gks rks ml ij vYykg dh ykur ¼7½vkSj vkSjr ¼ds lj ls½ bl rjg lt+k Vy ldrh gS fd og pkj ejrck vYykg dh d+le [kkdj c;ku dj ns fd ;s 'k[+l ¼mldk 'kkSgj vius nkos esa½ t+#j >wBk gS ¼8½

vkSj ik¡poh ejrck ;w¡ djsxh fd vxj ;s 'k[+l ¼vius nkos esa½ lPpk gks rks eq> ij [kq+nk dkx+t+c iM+s ¼9½vkSj vxj rqe ij vYykg dk Qt+y ¼o dje½ vkSj mldh esgjckuh u gksrh rks ns[krs fdrksger yxkus okyksa dk D;k gky gksrk vkSj blesa 'kd gh ugha fd vYykg cM+k rkSck d+qcwydjus okyk gdhe gS ¼10½cs'kd ftu yksxksa us >wBh rksger yxk;h og rqEgh esa ls ,d fxjksg gS rqe vius gd+ esa blrksger dks cM+k u le>ks cfYd ;s rqEgkjs gd+ esa csgrj gS bues a ls ftl 'k[+l us ftruk xqukglesVk og ml ¼dh lt+k½ dks [kqn Hkqxrsxk vkSj muesa ls ftl 'k[+l us rksger dk cM+k fgLlkfy;k mlds fy, cM+h ¼l[+r½ lt+k gksxh ¼11½vkSj tc rqe yksxks aus mldks lquk Fkk rks mlh oD+r bekunkj enksZa vkSj bekunkj vkSjrksa us viusyksxksa ij HkykbZ dk xqeku D;ks u fd;k vkSj ;s D;ksa u cksy mBs fd ;s rks [kqyk gqvk cksgrkugS ¼12½vkSj ftu yksxksa us rksger yxk;h Fkh vius nkos ds lqcwr esa pkj xokg D;ksa u is'k fd, fQjtc bu yksxksa us xokg u is'k fd;s rks vYykg ds ut+nhd ;gh yksx >wBs gSa ¼13½vkSj vxj rqe yksxksa ij nqfu;k vkSj vkf[k+jr esa vYykg dk Qt+y ¼o dje½ vkSj mldh jgeru gksrh rks ftl ckr dk rqe yksxksa us ppkZ fd;k Fkk ml dh otg ls rqe ij dksbZ cM+k¼l[+r½ vt+kc vk igq¡prk ¼14½fd rqe viuh t+ckuksa ls bldks ,d nwljs ls c;ku djus yxs vkSj vius eq¡g ls ,slh ckr dgrsFks ftldk rqEgsa bYe o ;d+hu u Fkk ¼vkSj yqRQ ;s gS fd½ rqeus bldks ,d vklku ckr le>hFkh gkWykfd og vYykg ds ut+nhd cM+h l[+r ckr Fkh ¼15½vkSj tc rqeus ,slh ckr lquh Fkh rks rqeus yksxksa ls D;ksa u dg fn;k fd gedks ,slh ckr eq¡gls fudkyuh equkflc ugha lqcgku vYykg ;s cM+k Hkkjh cksgrku gS ¼16½vYykg rqEgkjh ulhgr djrk gS fd vxj rqe lPps bekunkj gks rks [k+cjnkj fQj dHkh ,slk udjuk ¼17½vkSj vYykg rqe ls ¼vius½ ,gdke lkQ lkQ c;ku djrk gS vkSj vYykg rks cM+k okfd+Qdkjgdhe gS ¼18½

tks yksx ;s pkgrs gSa fd bekunkjksa esa cndkjh dk ppkZ QSy tk, cs'kd muds fy, nqfu;k vkSjvkf[k+jr esa nnZukd vt+kc gS vkSj vYykg ¼vly gky dks½ [k+wc tkurk gS vkSj rqe yksx ughatkurs gks ¼19½vkSj vxj ;s ckr u gksrh fd rqe ij vYykg dk Q+t+y ¼o dje½ vkSj mldh jger ls vkSj;s fd vYykg ¼vius cUnksa ij½ cM+k 'kQhd+ esgjcku gS ¼20½¼rks rqe ns[krs D;k gksrk½ ,s bekunkjksa 'kSrku ds d+ne c d+ne u pyks vkSj tks 'k[+l 'kSrku dsd+ne c d+ne pysxk rks og ;d+huu mls cndkjh vkSj cqjh ckr ¼djus½ dk gqDe nsxk vkSkjvxj rqe ij vYykg dk Q+t+y ¼o dje½ vkSj mldh jger u gksrh rks rqeesa ls dksbZ Hkh dHkhikd lkQ u gksrk exj vYykg rks ftls pgrk gS ikd lkQ dj nsrk gS vkSj vYykg cM+k lquusokyk okfdQdkj gS ¼21½vkSj rqeesa ls tks yksx T+;knk nkSyr vkSj eqd+íj okysa gS d+jkcrnkjksa vkSj eksgrktksa vkSj vYykgdh jkg esa fgtjr djus okyksa dks dqN nsus ¼ysus½ ls d+le u [kk cSBsa cfYd mUgsa pkfg, fd¼mudh [k+rk½ ekQ dj nsa vkSj njxqt+j djsa D;k rqe ;s ugha pkgrs gks fd vYykg rqEgkjh [k+rkekQ djs vkSj [kq+nk rks cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼22½cs'kd tks yksx ikd nkeu cs[k+cj vkSj bekunkj vkSjrksa ij ¼ft+uk dh½ rksger yxkrs gSa mu ijnqfu;k vkSj vkf[k+jr esa ¼vYykg dh½ ykur gS vkSj mu ij cM+k ¼l[+r½ vt+kc gksxk ¼23½ftl fnu muds f[k+ykQ mudh t+ckus a vkSj muds gkFk muds iko¡ mudh dkjLrkfu;ksa dh xokgh nsxsa¼24½ml fnu vYykg mudks Bhd mudk iwjk iwjk cnyk nsxk vkSj tku tk,¡xsa fd vYykg fcYdqycjgd+ vkSj ¼gd+ dk½ t+kfgj djus okyk gS ¼25½xUnh vkSjrs xUnsa enksaZ ds fy, ¼equkflc½ gSa vkSj xUns enZ xUnh vkSjrks ds fy, vkSj ikd vkSjrsaikd enksaZ ds fy, ¼ekSt+w¡½ gSa vkSj ikd enZ ikd vkSjrksa ds fy, yksx tks dqN mudh fuLcr cdkdjrs gSa mlls ;s yksx cqjh my ft+Eek gSa mu gh ¼ikd yksxksa½ ds fy, ¼vkf[k+jr esa½ cf[+'k'k gS¼26½vkSj bT+t+r dh jkst+h ,s bekunkjksa vius ?kjksa ds flok nwljs ?kjksa esa ¼njkZuk½ u pys tkvks ;gk¡rd fd muls btkt+r ys yks vkSj mu ?kjksa ds jgus okyksa ls lkgc lyker dj yks ;gh rqEgkjsgd+ esa csgrj gS ¼27½

¼;s ulhgr blfy, gS½ rkfd rqe ;kn j[kks il vxj rqe mu ?kjksa esa fdlh dks u ikvks rksrkokd+fQ;r fd rqe dks ¼[k+kl rkSj ij½ btkt+r u gkfly gks tk, mu esa u tkvks vkSj vxjrqe ls dgk tk, fd fQj tkvks rks rqe ¼cs rkEeqy½ fQj tkvks ;gh rqEgkjs okLrs T+;knk lQkbZdh ckr gS vkSj rqe tks dqN Hkh djrs gks vYykg mlls [kwc okfdQ+ gS ¼28½blesa vycÙkk rqe ij bYt+ke ugha fd x+Sj vkckn edkukr esa ftlesa rqEgkjk dksbZ vlckc gks ¼csbtkt+r½ pys tkvks vkSj tks dqN [kqYye [kqYyk djrs gks vkSj tks dqN fNikdj djrs gks vYykg¼lc dqN½ tkurk gS ¼29½¼,s jlwy½ bekunkjksa ls dg nks fd viuh ut+jksa dks uhph j[ksa vkSj viuh ÓeZxkgksa dh fgQkt+rdjsa ;gh muds okLrs T+;knk lQkbZ dh ckr gS ;s yksx tks dqN djrs gSa vYykg mlls ;d+huu[k+wc okfd+Q gS ¼30½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ bekunkj vkSjrksa ls Hkh dg nks fd og Hkh viuh ut+jsa uhph j[ksa vkSj viuh'keZxkgksa dh fgQkt+r djsa vkSj vius cuko flaxkj ¼ds ed+kekr½ dks ¼fdlh ij½ t+kfgj u gksus nsaexj tks [kqn c [kqn t+kfgj gks tkrk gks ¼Nqi u ldrk gks½ ¼mldk xqukg ugh½ vkSj viuhvksadkj ox+Sjg½ dh [k+cj gks tk, vkSj ,s bekunkjksa rqelcds lc vYykg dh ckjxkg esa rkSck djks rkfd rqe Qykg ikvks ¼31½vkSj viuh ¼d+kSe dh½ cs'kkSgj vkSjrksa vkSj vius usd c[+r xqykeksa vkSj ykSafM;ksa dk fudkg djfn;k djks vxj ;s yksx eksgrkt gksaxs rks vYykg vius Qt+y o ¼dje½ ls mUgsa ekynkj cuknsxk vkSj vYykg rks cM+h xqUtkb'k okyk okfd+Q dkj gS ¼32½vkSj tks yksx fudkg djus dk ed+nwj ugha j[krs mudks pkfg, fd ikd nkfeuh ,[+fr;kj djsa ;gk¡rd fd vYykg mudks vius Qt+y o ¼dje½ ls ekynkj cuk ns vkSj rqEgkjh ykSUMh x+qykeksa esals tks edkrcr gksus ¼dqN #i, dh 'krZ ij vkt+knh dk lj[k+r ysus½ dh [+okfg'k djsa rks rqevxj muesa dqN lykfg;r ns[kks rks mudks edkfrc dj nks vkSj vYykg ds eky ls tks mlus rqEgsavrk fd;k gS mudk Hkh nks vkSj rqEgkjh ykSUfM;k¡ tks ikd nkeu gh jguk pkgrh gSa mudksnqfu;koh ft+Unxh ds Qk;ns gkfly djus dh x+jt+ ls gjke dkjh ij etcwj u djks vkSj tks 'k[+l

mudks etcwj djsxk rks blesa 'kd ugha fd vYykg mldh csclh ds ckn cM+k c[+'kus okysesgjcku gS ¼33½vkSj ¼bekunkjksa½ geus rks rqEgkjs ikl ¼viuh½ okt+s, o jkS'ku vk;rsa vkSj tks yksx rqels igysxqt+j pqds gSa mudh gkyrsa vkSj ijgst+xkjksa ds fy, ulhgr ¼dh ckrs½ ukft+y dh ¼34½vYykg rks lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu dk uwj gS mlds uwj dh fely ¼,slh½ gS tSls ,d rkd+¼lhuk½ gS ftles ,d jkS'ku fpjkx+ ¼bYes 'kjh;r½ gks vkSj fpjkx+ ,d 'kh'ks dh d+Unhy ¼fny½ esagks ¼vkSj½ d+Unhy ¼viuh rM+i esa½ xks;k ,d txexkrk gqvk jkS'ku flrkjk ¼og fpjkx+½ tS+rwu dseqckjd nj[+r ¼ds rsy½ ls jkS'ku fd;k tk, tks u iwjc dh rjQ gks vkSj u ifPNe dh rjQ¼cfYd chpksa chp eSnku esa½ mldk rsy ¼,slk½ 'kQkQ gks fd vxjps vkx mls Nq, Hkh ughrkge ,slk ekywe gks fd vki gh vki jkS'ku gks tk,xk ¼x+jt+ ,d uwj ugha cfYd½ uwj vkyk uwj¼uwj dh uwj ij tksr iM+ jgh gS½ vYykg vius uwj dh rjQ ftls pkgrk gS fgnk;r djrk gSvkSj vYykg rks gj pht+ ls [kwc okfd+Q gS ¼35½¼og d+Unhy½ mu ?kjksa esa jkS'ku gS ftudh fuLcr vYykg us gqDe fn;k fd mudh rkt+he dhtk, vkSj muesa mldk uke fy;k tk, ftuesa lqcg o 'kke og yksx mldh rLchg fd;k djrs gSa¼36½,sls yksx ftudks vYykg ds ft+Ø vkSj uekt+ i

ls Åij ,d ¼meM+h½ pyh vkrh gSa ¼blh rjg ls½ fd vxj dksb 'k[+l viuk gkFk fudkys rks¼f'kír rkjhdh ls½ mls ns[k u lds vkSj ftls [kqn vYykg gh us ¼fgnk;r dh½ jkS'kuh u nh gksrks ¼le> yks fd½ mlds fy, dgha dksbZ jkS'kuh ugha gS ¼40½¼,s 'k[+l½ D;k rwus bruk Hkh ugha ns[kk fd ftruh e[k+ywd+kr lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu esa gSa vkSjifjUnsa ij QSyk, ¼x+jt+ lc½ mlh dks rLchg fd;k djrs gSa lc ds lc viuh uekt+ vkSj viuhrLchg dk rjhd+k [kwc tkurs gSa vkSj tks dqN ;s fd;k djrs gSa vYykg mlls [kw+c okfd+Q gS¼41½vkSj lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dh lYrur [k+kl vYykg gh dh gS vkSj vYykg gh dh rjQ ¼lcdks½ ykSV dj tkuk gS ¼42½D;k rwus ml ij Hkh ut+j ugha dh fd ;d+huu vYykg gh vcz dks pykrk gS fQj ogh ckgemls tksM+rk gS&fQj ogh mls rg c rg j[krk gS rc rw rks ckfj'k mlds njfE;ku ls fudyrs gq,ns[krk gS vkSj vkleku esa tks ¼tes gq, cknyksa ds½ igkM+ gS muesa ls ogh mls cjlkrk gS& fQjmUgsa ftl ¼ds lj½ ij pkgrk gS igq¡pk nsrk gS& vkSj ftl ¼ds lj½ ls pkgrk gS Vky nsrk gS&d+jhc gS fd mldh fctyh dh dkSUn vk[kksa dh jkS'kuh mpds fy;s tkrh gS ¼43½vYykg gh jkr vkSj fnu dks Qsj cny djrk jgrk gS& cs'kd blesa vk¡[k okyksa ds fy, cM+hbcjr gS ¼44½vkSj vYykg gh us reke t+ehu ij pyus okys ¼tkuojksa½ dks ikuh ls iSnk fd;k muesa ls ckt+rks ,sls gSa tks vius isV ds cy pyrs gSa vkSj ckt+ muesa ls ,sls gSa tks nks ik¡o ij pyrs gSavkSj ckt+ muesa ls ,sls gSa tks pkj ikoksa ij pyrs gSa& vYykg tks pkgrk gS iSnk djrk gS blesa'kd ugha fd [kq+nk gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼45½ge gh us ;d+huu okts+, o jkS'ku vk;rsa ukft+y dh vkSj [kq+nk gh ftldks pkgrk gS lh/kh jkgdh fgnk;r djrk gS ¼46½vkSj ¼tks yksx ,sls Hkh gS tks½ dgrs gSa fd vYykg ij vkSj jlwy ij beku yk, vkSj geusbrkvr d+qcwy dh& fQj mlds ckn mu esa ls dqN yksx ¼vYykg ds gqD+e ls½ eq¡g Qsj ysrs gSavkSj ¼lp ;w¡ gS fd½ ;s yksx bekunkj Fks gh ugha ¼47½vkSj tc og yksx vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy dh rjQ cqyk, tkrs gSa rkfd jlwy muds vkil ds>xM+s dk QSlyk dj nsa rks muesa dk ,d Qjhd jnfxjnkuh djrk gS ¼48½

vkSj ¼vly ;s gS fd½ vxj gd+ mudh rjQ gksrk rks xnZu >qdk, ¼pqids½ jlwy ds ikl nkSM+sgq, vkrs ¼49½D;k mu ds fny esa ¼dqÝ dk½ et+Z ¼ckd+h½ gS ;k 'kd esa iM+s gSa ;k bl ckr ls Mjrs gSa fd¼eqcknk½ vYykg vkSj mldk jlwy mu ij t+qYe dj cSBsxk& ¼;s lc dqN ugha½ cfYd ;gh yksxt+kfye gSa ¼50½bekunkjksa dk d+kSy rks cl ;s gS fd tc mudks vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ds ikl cqyk;k tkrk gSrkfd muds ckgeh >xM+ksa dk QSlyk djks rks dgrs gSa fd geus ¼gqDe½ lquk vkSj ¼fny ls½ ekufy;k vkSj ;gh yksx ¼vkf[k+jr esa½ dke;kc gksus okys gSa ¼51½vkSj tks 'k[+l vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy dk gqDe ekus vkSj vYykg ls Mjs vkSj ml ¼dhukQjekuh½ ls cprk jgsxk rks ,sls gh yksx viuh eqjkn dks igq¡psxsa ¼52½vkSj ¼,s jlwwy½ mu ¼equkQs+d+hu½ us rqEgkjh brkvr dh vYykg dh l[+r ls l[+r d+lesa [kkbZ fdvxj rqe mUgsa gqDe nks rks fcyk mt+z ¼?kj ckj NksM+dj½ fudy [kMs+ gksa& rqe dg nks fd d+lesau [kkvks nLrwj ds eqokfQd+ brkvr ¼blls csgrj½ vkSj cs'kd rqe tks dqN djrs gks vYykg mlls[k+cjnkj gS ¼53½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd vYykg dh brkvr djks vkSj jlwy dh brkvr djks bl ij Hkh vxjrqe ljrkch djksxs rks cl jlwy ij bruk gh ¼rcyhx+½ okftc gS ftlds og ft+Eesnkj fd, x,gSa vkSj ftlds ft+Eesnkj rqe cuk, x, gks rqe ij okftc gS vkSj vxj rqe mldh brkvr djksxsrks fgnk;r ikvksxs vkSj jlwy ij rks flQZ lkQ rkSj ij ¼,gdke dk½ igq¡pkuk QtZ+ gS ¼54½¼,s bekunkjksa½ rqe esa ls ftu yksxksa us beku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, mu lsvYykg us ok;nk fd;k fd mu dks ¼,d u ,d½ fnu #, t+ehu ij t+#j ¼viuk½ uk,c eqd+jZjdjsxk ftl rjg mu yksxksa dks uk,c cuk;k tks muls igys xqt+j pqds gSa vkSj ftl nhu dks mlusmuds fy, ilUn Qjek;k gS ¼bLyke½ ml ij mUgsa t+#j t+#j iwjh d+qnjr nsxk vkSj muds [k+k,Q+gksus ds ckn ¼mudh gj vkl dks½ veu ls t+#j cny nsxk fd og ¼bResuku ls½ esjh gh bcknrdjsaxs vkSj fdlh dks gekjk 'kjhd u cuk,¡xs vkSj tks 'k[+l blds ckn Hkh uk'kqØh djs rks ,sls ghyksx cndkj gSa ¼55½vkSj ¼,s bekunkjksa½ uekt+ ikcUnh ls i

vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ;s [+;ky u djks fd dqQkj ¼b/kj m/kj½ t+ehu es ¼QSy dj gesa½ vkftt+dj nsxsa ¼;s [k+qn vkftt+ gks tk,xsa½ vkSj mudk fBdkuk rks tgUuqe gS vkSj D;k cqjk fBdkuk gS¼57½,s bekunkjksa rqEgkjh ykSUMh x+qyke vkSj og yM+ds tks vHkh rd cqywx+ dh gn rd ugha igq¡ps gSamudks Hkh pkfg, fd ¼fnu jkr esa½ rhu ejrck ¼rqEgkjs ikl vkus dh½ rqels btkt+r ys fy;k djsarc vk,¡ ¼,d½ uekt+ lqcg ls igys vkSj ¼nwljs½ tc rqe ¼xehZ ls½ nksigj dks ¼lksus ds fy,ekewyu½ diM+s mrkj fn;k djrs gks ¼rhljh½ uekts+ b'kk ds ckn ¼;s½ rhu ¼oD+r½ rqEgkjs ijns dsgSa bu vod+kr ds vykok ¼cs vt+u vkus es½ u rqe ij dksbZ bYt+ke gS&u mu ij ¼D;ksafd½ muvod+kr ds vykok ¼c t+#jr ;k cs t+#jr½ yksx ,d nwljs ds ikl pDdj yxk;k djrs gSa& ;¡wvYykg ¼vius½ ,gdke rqe ls lkQ lkQ c;ku djrk gS vkSj vYykg rks cM+k okfdQ+dkj gdhegS ¼58½vkSj ¼,s bekunkjksa½ tc rqEgkjs yM+ds gns cqywx dks igq¡psa rks ftl rjg mu ds dCy ¼cM+h mez½okys ¼?kj esa vkus dh½ btkt+r ys fy;k djrs Fks mlh rjg ;s yksx Hkh btkt+r ys fy;k djsa&;w¡vYykg vius ,gdke lkQ lkQ c;ku djrk gS vkSj vYykg rks cM+k okfdQdkj gdhe gS ¼59½vkSj cw

tkt+r u ys yh u x, ¼,s jlwy½ tks yksx rqe ls ¼gj ckr esa½ btkt+r ys ysrs gSa os gh yksx¼fny ls½ vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ij beku yk, gSa rks tc ;s yksx vius fdlh dke ds fy,rqe ls btkt+r ek¡xsa rks rqe muesa ls ftldks ¼equkflc [+;ky djds½ pkgks btkt+r ns fn;k djksvkSj [kq+nk mls mldh cf[+'k'k dh nqvk Hkh djks cs'kd vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS¼62½¼,s bekunkjksa½ ftl rjg rqe esa ls ,d nwljs dks ¼uke ys dj½ cqyk;k djrs gSa ml rjg vkilesa jlwy dk cqykuk u le>ks vYykg mu yksxksa dks [kw+c tkurk gS tks rqe esa ls vk¡[k cpk ds¼iSx+Ecj ds ikl ls½ f[kld tkrs gSa& rks tks yksx mlds gqDe dh eq[k+kyQr djrs gSa mudks blckr ls Mjrs jguk pkfg, fd ¼eqcknk½ mu ij dksbZ eqlhcr vk iMs+ ;k mu ij dksbZ nnZukdvt+kc ukft+y gks ¼63½[k+cjnkj tks dqN lkjs vkleku o t+ehu esa gS ¼lc½ ;d+huu vYykg gh dk gS ftl gkyr ijrqe gks vYykg [k+wc tkurk gS vkSj ftl fnu mlds ikl ;s yksx ykSVk dj yk,¡ tk,¡xsa rks tksdqN mu yksxksa us fd;k djk;k gS crk nsxk vkSj vYykg rks gj pht+ ls [kw+c okfdQ gS ¼64½

25 lwjg Qq+jdkulwjg Q+qjdku eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh 77 vk;rsa vkSj 6 #dqm gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼vYykg½ cgqr ckcjdr gS ftlus vius cUns ¼eksgEen½ ij dq+jku ukft+y fd;k rkfd lkjs tgkWuds fy, ¼vYykg ds vt+kc ls½ Mjkus okyk gks ¼1½og [kq+nk fd lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dh ckn'kkgr mlh dh gS vkSj mlus ¼fdlh dks½ u viukyM+dk cuk;k vkSj u lYrur esa mldk dksbZ 'kjhd gS vkSj gj pht+ dks ¼mlh us iSnk fd;k½fQj ml vUnkt+s ls nq#Lr fd;k ¼2½vkSj yksxksa us mlds flok nwljs nwljs ekcwn cuk j[ksa gSa tks dqN Hkh iSnk ugha dj ldrs cfYdog [kqn nwljs ds iSnk fd, gq, gSa vkSj og [kqn vius fy, Hkh u uqd+lku ij d+kcw j[krs gSa uuQk ij vkSj u ekSr gh ij ,f[fr;kj j[krs gSa vkSj u ft+Unxh ij vkSj u ejus ckn th mBus ij¼3½vkSj tks yksx dkfQj gks x, cksy mBs fd ;s ¼d+qjku½ rks fujk >wB gS ftls ml 'k[+l ¼jlwy½ usvius th ls x

mlds ikl dksbZ ckx+ gh gksrk fd mlls [kkrk ¼ihrk½ vkSj ;s t+kfye ¼dq+Q+kj eksfeuksa ls½ dgrsgSa fd rqe yksx rks cl ,sls vkneh dh iSjoh djrs gks ftl ij tknw dj fn;k x;k gS ¼8½¼,s jlwy½ t+jk ns[kks rks fd bu yksxksa us rqEgkjs okLrs dSlh dSlh QcfÙk;k¡ xwB le>k gS vkSj ftl'k[+l us d+;ker dks >wB le>k mlds fy, geus tgUuqe dks ¼ngdk ds½ rS;kj dj j[kk gS ¼11½tc tgUuqe bu yksxksa dks nwj ls n[ksxh rks ¼tks'k [kk,xh vkSj½ ;s yksx mlds tks'k o [k+jks'k dhvkokt+ lqusaxsa ¼12½vkSj tc ;s yksx t+t+hjksa ls tdM+dj mldh fdlh rax txg es >ksad fn, tk,¡xs rks ml oD+rekSr dks iqdkjsaxs ¼13½¼ml oD+r muls dgk tk,xk fd½ vkt ,d ekSr dks u iqdkjks cfYd cgqrsjh ekSrksa dks iqdkjks¼exj blls Hkh dqN gksus okyk ugha½ ¼14½¼,s jlwy½ rqe iwNks rks fd tgUuqe csgrj gS ;k ges'kk jgus dk ckx+ ¼csg'r½ ftldk ijgst+xkjksals ok;nk fd;k x;k gS fd og mu ¼ds vkeky½ dk flyk gksxk vkSj vkf[k+jh fBdkuk ¼15½ftl pht+ dh [+okfg'k djsaxsa muds fy, ogk¡ ekStwn gksxh ¼vkSj½ og ges'kk ¼mlh gky esa½ jgsaxsa;s rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ij ,d ykft+eh vkSj ek¡xk gqvk ok;nk gS ¼16½vkSj ftl fnu vYykg mu yksxksa dks vkSj ftudh ;s yksx vYykg dks NksM+dj ijlfr'k fd;kdjrs gSa ¼mudks½ tek djsxk vkSj iwNsxk D;k rqe gh us gekjs mu cUnksa dks xqejkg dj fn;k Fkk;k ;s yksx [kqn jkg jkLrs ls HkVd x, Fks ¼17½¼muds ekcwn½ vt+Z djsaxsa& lqcgku vYykg ¼ge rks [k+qn rsjs cUns Fks½ gesa ;s fdlh rjg t+sck uFkk fd ge rq>s NksM+dj nwljs dks viuk ljijLr cukrs ¼fQj vius dks D;ksa dj ekcwn cukrs½

exj ckr rks ;s gS fd rw gh us budks cki nknkvksa dks pSu fn;k&;gk¡ rd fd bu yksxksa us¼rsjh½ ;kn Hkqyk nh vkSj ;s [k+qn gykd gksus okys yksx Fks ¼18½rc ¼dkfQ+jksa ls dgk tk,xk fd½ rqe tks dqN dg jgs gks mlesa rks rqEgkjs ekcwnksa us rqEgsa >wBykfn;k rks vc rqe u ¼gekjs vt+kc ds½ Vky nsus dh ldr j[krs gks u fdlh ls enn ys ldrsgks vkSj ¼;kn j[kks½ rqeesa ls tks t+qYe djsxk ge mldks cM+s ¼l[+r½ vt+kc dk ¼et+k½ p[kk,xsa¼19½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ geus rqe ls igys ftrus iSx+Ecj Hksts og lc ds lc ;d+huu fcyk 'kd [kkuk[kkrs Fks vkSj ckt+kjksa esa pyrs fQjrs Fks vkSj geus rqe esa ls ,d dks ,d dk ¼t+fj;k½ vkt+ekb'kcuk fn;k ¼eqlyekuksa½ D;k rqe vc Hkh lcz djrs gks ¼;k ugha½ vkSj rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj ¼lcdh½ ns[k Hkky dj jgk gS ¼20½vkSj tks yksx ¼d+;ker esa½ gekjh gqt+wjh dh mEehn ugha j[krs dgk djrs gSa fd vkf[k+j Qfj'rsgekjs ikl D;ksa ugha ukft+y fd, x, ;k ge vius ijojfnxkj dks ¼D;ksa ugha½ ns[krs mu yksxksa usvius th esa vius dks ¼cgqr½ cM+k le> fy;k gS vkSj cM+h ljd'kh dh ¼21½ftl fnu ;s yksx Qfj'rksa dks ns[ksaxs ml fnu xqukg xkjksa dks dqN [kq'kh u gksxh vkSj Qfj'rksa dksns[kdj dgsaxs nwj nQku ¼22½vkSj mu yksxksa us ¼nqfu;k esa½ tks dqN usd dke fd, gSa ge mldh rjQ roTtksa djsaxsa rks gemldks ¼xks;k½ mM+rh gq;h [k+kd cukdj ¼cjckn dj½ nsxsa ¼23½ml fnu tUur okyksa dk fBdkuk Hkh csgrj gS csgrj gksxk vkSj vkjexkg Hkh vPNh ls vPNh¼24½vkSj ftl fnu vkleku cnyh ds lcc ls QV tk,xk vkSj Qfj'rs dljr ls ¼twd nj t+wd½ukft+y fd, tk,¡xs ¼25½mls fnu dh lYruy [k+kl vYykg gh ds fy, gksxh vkSj og fnu dkfQjksa ij cM+k l[+r gksxk¼26½vkSj ftl fnu tq+Ye djus okyk vius gkFk ¼ekjs vQ+lksl ds½ dkVus yxsxk vkSj dgsxk dk'kjlwy ds lkFk eSa Hkh ¼nhu dk lh/kk½ jkLrk idM+rk ¼27½

gk, vQlksl dk'k eS Qyk 'k[+l dks viuk nksLr u cukrk ¼28½cs'kd ;d+huu mlus gekjs ikl ulhgr vkus ds ckn eq>s cgdk;k vkSj 'kSrku rks vkneh dks #lokdjus okyk gh gS ¼29½vkSj ¼ml oD+r½ jlwy ¼ckjxkgs vYykg oUnh esa½ vt+Z djsxsa fd ,s esjs ijojfnxkj esjh d+kSe usrks bl d+qjku dks csdkj cuk fn;k ¼30½vkSj geus ¼xks;k [k+qn½ xqukgxkjksa esa ls gj uch ds nq'eu cuk fn, gSa vkSj rqEgkjk ijojfnxkjfgnk;r vkSj ennxkjh ds fy, dkQh gS ¼31½vkSj dqQkj dgus yxs fd muds Åij ¼vkf[k+j½ d+qjku dk dqy ¼,d gh nQk½ D;ksa ugha ukft+yfd;k x;k ¼geus½ bl rjg blfy, ¼ukft+y fd;k½ rkfd rqEgkjs fny dks rLdhu nsrs jgsa vkSjgeus bldks Bgj Bgj dj ukft+y fd;k ¼32½vkSj ¼;s dqQkj½ pkgs dSlh gh ¼vuks[kh½ ely c;ku djsaxs exj ge rqEgkjs ikl ¼mudk½ fcYdqyBhd vkSj fugk;r mEnk ¼tokc½ c;ku dj nsxsa ¼33½tks yksx ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ vius vius eksgfluksa ds cy tgUuqe esa gdk, tk,xsa ogh yksx cnrjtxg esa gksxsa vkSj lc ls T+;knk jkg jkLr ls HkVdus okys ¼34½vkSj vycÙkk geus ewlk dks fdrkc ¼rkSjSr½ vrk dh vkSj muds lkFk muds HkkbZ gk#u dks ¼mudk½ot+hj cuk;k ¼35½rks geus dgk rqe nksuksa mu yksxksa ds ikl tk tks gekjh ¼dqnjr dh½ fu'kkfu;ksa dks >qBykrs gSatkvks ¼vkSj le>kvks tc u ekus½ rks geus mUgsa [kw+c cjckn dj Mkyk ¼36½vkSj uwg dh d+kSe dks tc mu yksxksa us ¼gekjs½ iSx+Ecjksa dks >qByk;k rks geus mUgsa Mqcks fn;kvkSj geus mudks yksxksa ¼ds gSjr½ dh fu'kkuh cuk;k vkSj geus t+kfyeksa ds okLrs nnZukd vt+kcrS;kj dj j[kk gS ¼37½vkSj ¼blh rjg½ vkn vkSj lewn vkSj ugj okyksa vkSj muds njfE;ku es a cgqr lh tekvrksa dks¼geus gykd dj Mkyk½ ¼38½vkSj geus gj ,d ls felkysa c;ku dj nh Fkha vkSj ¼[kwc le>k;k½ exj u ekuk ¼39½

geus mudks [k+wc lR;kukl dj NksM+k vkSj ;s yksx ¼dq+Q+kjs eDdk½ ml cLrh ij ¼gks½ vk, gSaftl ij ¼iRFkjksa dh½ cqjh ckfj'k cjlkbZ x;h rks D;k mu yksxksa us bldks ns[kk u gksxk exj¼ckr ;s gS fd½ ;s yksx ejus ds ckn th mBus dh mEehn ugha j[krs ¼fQj D;ksa beku yk,¡½¼40½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ ;s yksx rqEgsa tc ns[krs gSa rks rqe ls el[k+jk iu gh djus yxrs gSa fd D;k;gh og ¼gt+jr½ gSa ftUgsa vYykg us jlwy cukdj Hkstk gS ¼ekt+ vYykg½ ¼41½vxj cqrksa dh ijlfr'k ij lkfcr d+ne u jgrs rks bl 'k[+l us gedks gekjs ekcwnksa ls cgdkfn;k Fkk vkSj cgqr tYn ¼d+;ker esa½ tc ;s yksx vt+kc dks ns[ksaxsa rks mUgsa ekywe gks tk,xkfd jkgs jkLr ls dkSu T+;knk HkVdk gqvk Fkk ¼42½D;k rqeus ml 'k[+l dks Hkh ns[kk gS ftlus viuh uQ+fl;kuh [+okfg'k dks viuk ekcwn cuk j[kkgS rks D;k rqe mlds ft+Eesnkj gks ldrs gks ¼fd og xqejkg u gksa½ ¼43½D;k ;s rqEgkjk [+;ky gS fd bu ¼dq+Q+kjksa½ esa vDlj ¼ckr½ lqurs ;k le>rs gS ¼ugha½ ;s rkscl fcYdqy fely tkuojksa ds gSa cfYd mu ls Hkh T+;knk jkg ¼jkLr½ ls HkVds gq, ¼44½¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqeus vius ijojfnxkj dh dq+njr dh rjQ ut+j ugha dh fd mlus D;ksadj lk;sdks QSyk fn;k vxj og pgrk rks mls ¼,d gh txg½ Bgjk gqvk dj nsrk fQj geus vkQrkcdks ¼mldh f'kuk[+r ds okLrs½ mldk jguqek cuk fn;k ¼45½fQj geus mldks FkksM+k FkksM+k djds viuh rjQ [khp fy;k ¼46½vkSj ogh rks og ¼vYykg½ gS ftlus rqEgkjs okLrs jkr dks inkZ cuk;k vkSj uhan dks jkgr vkSjfnu dks ¼dkjksckj ds fy,½ mB [kM+k gksus dk oD+r cuk;k ¼47½vkSj ogh rks og ¼vYykg½ gS ftlus viuh jger ¼ckfj'k½ ds vkxs vkxs gokvksa dks [kq'k [k+cjhnsus ds fy, ¼is'k [k+sek cuk ds½ Hkstk vkSj ge gh us vkleku ls cgqr ikd vkSj lqFkjk gqvkikuh cjlk;k ¼48½rkfd ge mlds t+fj, ls eqnkZ ¼ohjku½ 'kgj dks ft+Unk ¼vkckn½ dj nsa vkSj viuh e[k+ywdkr esals pkSik;ksa vkSj cgqr ls vknfe;ksa dks mlls lsjkc djsa ¼49½

vkSj geus ikuh dks muds njfE;ku ¼rjg rjg ls½ rd+lhe fd;k rkfd yksx ulhgr gkfly djsaexj vDlj yksxksa us uk'kqØh ds flok dqN u ekuk ¼50½vkSj vxj ge pkgrs rks gj cLrh esa t+#j ,d ¼vt+kcs vYykg ls½ Mjkus okyk iSx+Ecj Hkstrs¼51½¼rks ,s jlwy½ rqe dkfQjksa dh brkvr u djuk vkSj muls dq+jku ds ¼nyk,y½ ls [kw+c yM+ksa ¼52½vkSj ogh rks og ¼vYykg½ gS ftlus nj;kvksa dks vkil esa feyk fn;k ¼vkSj ckotwn fd½ ;s[kkfyl et+snkj ehBk gS vkSj ;s fcYdqy [kkjh dM+ok ¼exj nksuksa dks feyk;k½ vkSj nksuksa dsnjfE;ku ,d vkM+ vkSj et+cwr vksV cuk nh gS ¼fd xM+cM+ u gks½ ¼53½vkSj ogh rks og ¼vYykg½ gS ftlus ikuh ¼euh½ ls vkneh dks iSnk fd;k fQj mldks [k+kunkuvkSj lqljky okyk cuk;k vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼54½vkSj yksx ¼dq+Q+kjs eDdk½ vYykg dks NksM+dj ml pht+ dh ijlfr'k djrs gSa tks u mUgsa uQkgh ns ldrh gS vkSj u uqd+lku gh igq¡pk ldrh gS vkSj dkfQj ¼vcwtgy½ rks gj oD+r viusijojfnxkj dh eq[k+kysQr ij t+ksj yxk, gq, gS ¼55½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ geus rks rqedks cl ¼usdh dks tUur dh½ [kq'kcjh nsus okyk vkSj ¼cqjksa dks vt+kcls½ Mjkus okyk cukdj Hkstk gS ¼56½vkSj mu yksxksa ls rqe dg nks fd eS bl ¼rcyhxs+ fjlkyr½ ij rqels dqN et+nwjh rks ek¡xrk ughagw¡ exj reUuk ;s gS fd tks pkgs vius ijojfnxkj rd igq¡pus dh jkg idMs+ ¼57½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ml ¼vYykg½ ij Hkjkslk j[kks tks ,slk ft+Unk gS fd dHkh ugha ejsxk vkSjmldh gEn o luk dh rLchg i ysxk½ ¼58½ftlus lkjs vkleku o t+ehu vkSj tks dqN mu nksuksa esa gS Ng% fnu esa iSnk fd;k fQj v'kZ ¼dscukus½ ij vkeknk gqvk vkSj og cM+k esgjcku gS rks rqe mldk gky fdlh ck[k+cj gh ls iwNuk¼59½vkSj tc mu dqQkjksa ls dgk tkrk gS fd jgeku ¼vYykg½ dks ltnk djks rks dgrs gSa fd

jgeku D;k pht+ gS rqe ftlds fy, dgrs gks ge ml dk ltnk djus yxsa vkSj ¼blls½ mudhuQjr vkSj c

vkSj og yksx tks Qjsc ds ikl gh ugh [kM+s gksrs vkSj og yksx tc fdlh csgwnk dke ds iklls xqt+jrs gSa rks cqt+qZxkuk vUnkt+ ls xqt+j tkrs gSa ¼72½vkSj og yksx fd tc mUgsa muds ijojfnxkj dh vk;rsa ;kn fnykbZ tkrh gSa rks cgjs vU/ksa gksdjfxj ugha iM+rs cfYd th yxkdj lqurs gSa ¼73½vkSj og yksx tks ¼gels½ vt+Z djrs gSa fd ijojfnxkj gesa gekjh chfc;ksa vkSj vkSyknksa dh rjQls vk¡[kksa dh BUMd vrk Qjek vkSj gedks ijgst+xkjksa dk is'kok cuk ¼74½;s og yksx gSa ftUgsa mudh tt+k esa ¼csg'r ds½ ckyk [k+kus vrk fd, tk,¡xsa vkSj ogk¡ mUgsarkt+he o lyke ¼dk cnyk½ is'k fd;k tk,xk ¼75½;s yksx mlh esa ges'kk jgsaxsa vkSj og jgus vkSj Bgjus dh vPNh txg gS ¼76½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd vxj nqvk ugh fd;k djrs rks esjk ijojfnxkj Hkh rqEgkjh dqN ijokgugh djrk rqeus rks ¼mlds jlwy dks½ >qByk;k rks vu d+jhc gh ¼mldk ocky½ rqEgkjs lj iMs+xk¼77½

26 lwjg 'kksvjklwjg 'kksvjk eD+ds esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh nkS lkS lRrkbl vk;rsa vkSj X;kjg #dqm gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSrk lhu ehe ¼1½;s okt+s, o jkS'ku fdrkc dh vk;rsa gS ¼2½¼,s jlwy½ 'kk;n rqe ¼bl fQØ esa½ viuh tku gykd dj Mkyksxs fd ;s ¼dqQkj½ eksfeu D;ksugha gks tkrs ¼3½vxj ge pkgsa rks mu yksxksa ij vkleku ls dksbZ ,slk ekSftt+k ukft+y djsa fd mu yksxksa dh xnZusamlds lkeus >qd tk,¡ ¼4½vkSj ¼yksxksa dk d+k;nk gS fd½ tc muds ikl dksbZ dksbZ ulhgr dh ckr vYykg dh rjQ lsvk;h rks ;s yksx mlls eq¡g Qsjs cxS+j ugha jgs ¼5½mu yksxksa us >qByk;k t+#j rks vud+jhc gh ¼mUgsa½ bl ¼vt+kc½ dh gd+hdr ekywe gks tk,xhftldh ;s yksx g¡lh mM+k;k djrs Fks ¼6½D;k bu yksxksa us t+ehu dh rjQ Hkh ¼x+kSj ls½ ugha ns[kk fd geus gj jax dh mEnk mEnk phts+amlesa fdl dljr ls mxk;h gSa ¼7½;d+huu blesa ¼Hkh d+qnjr½ vYykg dh ,d cM+h fu'kkuh gS exj muesa ls vDlj beku ykus okysgh ugha ¼8½vkSj blesa 'kd ugha fd rsjk ijojfnxkj ;d+huu ¼gj pht+ ij½ x+kfyc ¼vkSj½ esgjcku gS ¼9½¼,s jlwy og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us ewlk dks vkokt+ nh fd ¼bu½ t+kfyeksafQjvkÅu dh d+kSe ds ikl tkvks ¼fgnk;r djks½¼10½D;k ;s yksx ¼esjs x+t+c ls½ Mjrs ugha gS ¼11½

ewlk us vt+Z fd ijojfnxkj eSa Mjrk gw¡ fd ¼eqcknk½ og yksx eq>s >qByk ns ¼12½vkSj ¼muds >qBykus ls½ esjk ne #d tk, vkSj esjh t+cku ¼vPNh rjg½ u pys rks gk#u ds ikliSx+ke Hkst ns ¼fd esjk lkFk ns½ ¼13½¼vkSj blds vykok½ mudk esjs lj ,d tqeZ Hkh gS ¼fd eSus ,d 'k[+l dks ekj Mkyk Fkk½ ¼14½rks eSa Mjrk gw¡ fd ¼'kk;n½ eq>s ;s ykx ekj Mkysa vYykg us dgk gjfxt+ ugha vPNk rqe nksuksagekjh fu'kkfu;k¡ ysdj tkvks ge rqEgkjs lkFk gSa ¼15½vkSj ¼lkjh xqrxw½ vPNh rjg lqurs gSa x+jt+ rqe nksuksa fQjvkÅu ds ikl tkvks vkSj dg nks fdge lkjs tgk¡u ds ijojfnxkj ds jlwy gSa ¼vkSj iSx+ke yk,¡ gSa½ ¼16½fd vki cuh bljkby dks gekjs lkFk Hkst nhft, ¼17½¼pqukUps ewlk x, vkSj dgk½ fQjvkÅu cksyk ¼ewlk½ D;k geus rqEgsa ;gk¡ j[k dj cpius esarqEgkjh ijofj'k ugha dh vkSj rqe viuh mez ls cjlksa ge es jg lg pqds gks ¼18½vkSj rqe viuk og dke ¼[k+wu fd+Crh½ tks dj x, vkSj rqe ¼cM+s½ uk'kqØs gks ¼19½ewlk us dgk ¼gk¡½ eSus ml oD+r ml dke dks fd;k tc eS gkyrs x+Qyr esa Fkk ¼20½fQj tc eS vki yksxksa ls Mjk rks Hkkx [kM+k gqvk fQj ¼dqN vjls ds ckn½ esjs ijojfnxkj useq>s uqcwor vrk Qjek;h vkSj eq>s Hkh ,d iSx+Ecj cuk;k ¼21½vkSj ;s Hkh dksbZ ,glku gs ftls vki eq> ij trk jgs gS fd vki us cuh bljkbZy dks x+qykecuk j[kk gS ¼22½fQjvkÅu us iwNk ¼vPNk ;s rks crkvks½ jCcqy vkyehu D;k pht+ gS ¼23½ewlk us dgk¡ lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dk vkSj tks dqN bu nksuksa ds njfE;ku gS ¼lcdk½ ekfydvxj vki yksx ;d+hu dhft, ¼rks dkQh gS½ ¼24½fQjvkÅu us mu yksxks ls tks mlds bnZ fxnZ ¼cSBs½ Fks dgk D;k rqe yksx ugha lqurs gks ¼25½

ewlk us dgk ¼ogh vYykg tks fd½ rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj vkSj rqEgkjs cki nknkvksa dk ijojfnxkj gS¼26½fQjvkÅu us dgk ¼yksxksa½ ;s jlwy tks rqEgkjs ikl Hkstk x;k gS gks u gks nhokuk gS ¼27½ewlk us dgk ¼og vYykg tks½ iwjc ifPNe vkSj tks dqN bu nksuksa ds njfE;ku ¼lcdk½ ekfydgS vxj rqe le>rs gks ¼rks ;gh dkQh gS½ ¼28½fQjvkÅu us dgk vxj rqe esjs flok fdlh vkSj dks ¼viuk½ vYykg cuk;k gS rks eS t+#j rqEgsdS+nh cukÅ¡xk ¼29½ewlk us dgk vxjps eSa vkidks ,d okts+, o jkS'ku ekSftt+k Hkh fn[kkÅ ¼rks Hkh½ ¼30½fQjvkÅu us dgk ¼vPNk½ rks rqe vxj ¼vius nkos esa½ lPps gks rks yk fn[kkvks ¼31½cl ¼;s lqurs gh½ ewlk us viuh NM+h ¼t+ehu ij½ Mky nh fQj rks ;dk;d og ,d ljhghvt+ngk cu x;k ¼32½vkSj ¼tsc ls½ viuk gkFk ckgj fudkyk rks ;dk;d ns[kus okyksa ds okLrs cgqr lQsn pednkjFkk ¼33½¼bl ij½ fQjvkÅu vius njckfj;ksa ls tks mlds fxnZ ¼cSBs½ Fks dgus yxk ¼34½fd ;s rks ;d+huh cM+k f[kykM+h tknwxj gS ;s rks pkgrk gS fd vius tknw ds t+ksj ls rqEgsa rqEgkjseqYd ls ckgj fudky ns rks rqe yksx D;k gqDe yxkrs gks ¼35½njckfj;ksa us dgk vHkh bldks vkSj blds HkkbZ dks ¼pUn½ eksgyr nhft, ¼36½vkSj reke Ógjksa esa tknwxjksa ds tek djus dks gjdkjs jokuk dhft, fd og yksx reke cM+s cM+sf[kykM+h tknwxjksa dh vkids lkeus yk gkft+j djsa ¼37½x+jt+ oD+rs eqdjZj gqvk lc tknwxj ml eqd+jZj ds ok;ns ij tek fd, x, ¼38½vkSj yksxksa esa equknh djk nh x;h fd rqe yksx vc Hkh tek gksxs ¼39½;k ugha rkfd vxj tknwxj x+kfyc vkSj oj gS rks ge yksx mudh iSjoh djsa ¼40½

vyx+jt tc lc tknwxj vk x;s rks tknwxjksa us fQjvkÅu ls dgk fd vxj ge x+kfyc vk x,rks gedks ;d+huu dqN buke ¼ljdkj ls½ feysxk ¼41½fQjvkÅu us dgk gk ¼t+#j feysxk½ vkSj ¼buke D;k pht+ gS½ rqe ml oD+r ¼esjs½ eqdjjschu¼ckjxkg½ ls gks x, ¼42½ewlk us tknwxjksa ls dgk ¼ea= o ra=½ tks dqN rqEgsa Qsaduk gks Qsadks ¼43½bl ij tknwxjksa us viuh jLfl;k¡ vkSj viuh NfM+;k¡ ¼eSnku esa½ Mky nh vkSj dgus yxs fQjvkÅuds tyky dh d+le ge gh t+#j x+kfyc jgsaxs ¼44½rc ewlk us viuh NM+h Mkyh rks tknwxjksa us tks dqN ¼'kksCkns½ cuk, Fks mldks og fuxyus yxh¼45½;s ns[krs gh tknwxj yksx ltns esa ¼ewlk ds lkeus½ fxj iMs+ ¼46½vkSj dgus yxs ge lkjs tgk¡ ds ijojfnxkj ij beku yk, ¼47½tks ewlk vkSj gk#u dk ijojfnxkj gS ¼48½fQjvkÅu us dgk ¼gk,½ d+Cy blds fd eS rqEgsa btkt+r nw¡ rqe bl ij beku ys vk, cs'kd ;srqEgkjk cM+k ¼xq# gS ftlus rqe lcdks tknw fl[kk;k gS rks [k+Sj½ vHkh rqe yksxksa dks ¼bldkurhtk½ ekywe gks tk,xk fd ge ;d+huu rqEgkjs ,d rjQ ds gkFk vkSj nwljh rjQ ds ik¡o dkVMkysxsa vkSj rqe lc ds lc dks lwyh nsxsa ¼49½og cksys dqN ijokg ugh gedks rks cgjgky vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ykSV dj tkuk gS ¼50½ge p¡wfd lcls igys beku yk, gS blfy, ;s mEehn j[krs gSa fd gekjk ijojfnxkj gekjh [k+rk,¡ekQ dj nsxk ¼51½vkSj geus ewlk ds ikl ogh Hksth fd rqe esjs cUnksa dks ysdj jkrksa jkr fudy tkvks D;ksafdrqEgkjk ihNk fd;k tk,xk ¼52½

c fQjvkÅu us ¼y'dj tek djus ds [+;ky ls½ reke 'kgjksa esa ¼/kM+k /kM+½ gjdkjs jokuk fd,¼53½¼vkSj dgk½ fd ;s yksx ewlk ds lkFk cuh bljkby FkksM+h lh ¼eqëh Hkj dh½ tekvr gSa ¼54½vkSj mu yksxksa us gesa l[+r xqLlk fnyk;k gS ¼55½vkSj ge lcds lc ck lkt+ksa lkeku gSa ¼56½¼rqe Hkh vk tkvks fd lc feydj rkvddqc ¼ihNk½ djsa½ ¼57½x+jt+ geus bu yksxksa dks ¼felz ds½ ckx+ksa vkSj p'eksa vkSj [kt+kuksa vkSj bT+t+r dh txg ls ¼;w¡½fudky ckgj fd;k ¼58½¼vkSj tks ukQjekuh djs½ blh rjg lt+k gksxh vkSj vkf[k+j geus mUgha pht+ksa dk ekfyd cuhbljkby dks cuk;k ¼59½x+jt+ ¼ewlk½ rks jkr gh dks pys x, ¼60½vkSj mu yksxksa us lwjt fudyrs mudk ihNk fd;k rks tc nksuksa tekvrsa ¼bruh djhc gq;ha fd½,d nwljs dks ns[kus yxh rks ewlk ds lkFkh ¼gSjku gksdj½ dgus yxs ¼61½fd vc rks idM+s x, ewlk us dgk gjfxt+ ugha D;ksafd esjs lkFk esjk ijojfnxkj gS ¼62½og QkSju eq>s dksbZ ¼eq[kfylh dk½ jkLrk crk nsxk rks geus ewlk ds ikl ogh Hksth fd viuhNM+h nfj;k ij ekjks ¼ekjuk Fkk fd½ QkSju nfj;k QqV ds VqdM+s VqdM+s gks x;k rks xks;k gjVqdM+k ,d cM+k Å¡pk igkM+ Fkk ¼63½vkSj geus mlh txg nwljs Qjhd ¼fQjvkÅu ds lkFkh½ dks d+jhc dj fn;k ¼64½vkSj ewlk vkSj mlds lkfFk;ksa dks geus ¼Mwcus ls½ cpk fy;k ¼65½fQj nwljs Qjhd+ ¼fQjvkÅu vkSj mlds lkfFk;ksa½ dks Mqcksdj gykd+ dj fn;k ¼66½cs'kd blesa ;d+huu ,d cM+h bcjr gS vkSj muesa vDlj beku ykus okys gh u Fks ¼67½

vkSj blesa rks 'kd gh u Fkk fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj ;d+huu ¼lc ij½ x+kfyc vkSj cM+k esgjckugS ¼68½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ mu yksxksa ds lkeus bcjkghe dk fdLlk c;ku djksa ¼69½tc mUgksaus vius ¼eq¡g cksys½ cki vkSj viuh d+kSe ls dgk ¼70½fd rqe yksx fdldh bcknr djrs gks rks og cksys ge cqrksa dh bcknr djrs gSa vkSj mUgha dseqtkfoj cu tkrs gSa ¼71½bcjkghe us dgk Hkyk tc rqe yksx mUgsa iqdkjrs gks rks og rqEgkjh dqN lqurs gSa ¼72½;k rEgsa dqN uQk ;k uqd+lku igq¡pk ldrs gSa ¼73½dgus yxs ¼fd ;s lc rks dqN ugha½ cfYd geus vius cki nknkvksa dks ,slk gh djrs ik;k gS¼74½bcjkghe us dgk D;k rqeus ns[kk Hkh fd ftu pht+ksa dhs rqe ijlfr'k djrs gks ¼75½;k rqEgkjs vxys cki nknk ¼djrs Fks½ ;s lc esjs ;d+huh nq'eu gSa ¼76½exj lkjs tgk¡ dk ikyus okyk ftlus eq>s iSnk fd;k ¼ogh esjk nksLr gS½ ¼77½fQj ogh esjh fgnk;r djrk gS ¼78½vkSj og 'k[+l tks eq>s ¼[kkuk½ f[kykrk gS vkSj eq>s ¼ikuh½ fiykrk gS ¼79½vkSj tc chekj iM+rk gw¡ rks ogh eq>s f'kQk buk;r Qjekrk gS ¼80½vkSj og ogh gsS tks eq>s ekj Mkysxk vkSj mlds ckn ¼fQj½ eq>s ft+Unk djsxk ¼81½vkSj og ogh gS ftlls eS mEehn j[krk gw¡ fd d+;ker ds fnu esjh [k+rkvksa dks c[+'k nsxk ¼82½ijojfnxkj eq>s bYe o Qge vrk Qjek vkSj eq>s usdksa ds lkFk 'kkfey dj ¼83½

vkSj vkbUnk vkus okyh uLyksa esa esjk ft+Øs [k+Sj d+k;e j[k ¼84½vkSj eq>s Hkh usver ds ckx+ ¼csg'r½ ds okfjlksa esa ls cuk ¼85½vkSj esjs ¼eq¡g cksys½ cki ¼ppk vkt+j½ dks c[+'k ns D;ksafd og xqejkgksa esa ls gS ¼86½vkSj ftl fnu yksx d+czksa ls mBk, tk,¡xsa eq>s #lok u djuk ¼87½ftl fnu u rks eky gh dqN dke vk,xk vkSj u yM+ds ckys ¼88½exj tks 'k[+l vYykg ds lkeus ¼xqukgksa ls½ ikd fny fy, gq, gkft+j gksxk ¼og Qk;ns esajgsxk½ ¼89½vkSj csg'r ijgst+ xkjksa ds d+jhc dj nh tk,xh ¼90½vkSj nkst+[k+ xqejkgksa ds lkeus t+kfgj dj nh tk,xh ¼91½vkSj mu yksxksa ¼,gys tgUuqe½ ls iwNk tk,xk fd vYykg dks NksM+dj ftudh rqe ijlfr'k djrsFks ¼vkt½ og dgk¡ gSa ¼92½D;k og rqEgkjh dqN enn dj ldrs gSa ;k og [k+qn viuh vki ckge enn dj ldrs gSa ¼93½fQj og ¼ekcwn½ vkSj xqejkg yksx vkSj 'kSrku dk y'kdj ¼94½¼x+jt+ lcds lc½ tgUuqe esa vkS/ksa eq¡g xM+k djsaxs vkSj vius ekcwn ls dgsaxs ¼96½vYykg dh d+le ge yksx rks ;d+huu ljhgh xqejkgh esa Fks ¼97½fd ge rqe dks lkjs tgk¡u ds ikyus okys ¼vYykg½ ds cjkcj le>rs jgs ¼98½vkSj gedks cl ¼mu½ xqukgxkjksa us ¼tks eq>ls igys gq,½ xqejkg fd;k ¼99½rks vc rks u dksbZ ¼lkgc½ esjh flQkfj'k djus okys gSa ¼100½

vkSj u dksbZ fnycUn nksLr gSa ¼101½rks dk'k gesa vc nqfu;k esa nksckjk tkus dk ekSd+k feyrk rks ge ¼t+#j½ beku okyksa ls gksrs¼102½bcjkghe ds bl fdLls esa Hkh ;d+huu ,d cM+h bcjr gS vkSj buesa ls vDlj beku ykus okys FksHkh ugha ¼103½vkSj bles rks 'kd gh ugha fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj ¼lc ij½ x+kfyc vkSj cM+k esgjcku gS ¼104½¼;w¡ gh½ uwg dh d+kSe us iSx+Ecjks dks >qByk;k ¼105½fd tc muls mu ds HkkbZ uwg us dgk fd rqe yksx ¼vYykg ls½ D;ksa ugha Mjrs eS rks rqEgkjk;d+huh vekur nkj iSx+Ecj gw¡ ¼106½rqe [kq+nk ls Mjks vkSj esjh brkvr djks ¼107½vkSj eSa bl ¼rcyhx+s fjlkyr½ ij dqN mtjr rks ek¡xrk ugha ¼108½esjh mtjr rks cl lkjs tgk¡ ds ikyus okys vYykg ij gS ¼109½rks vYykg ls Mjks vkSj esjh brkvr djks og yksx cksys tc dehuks et+nwjksa ox+Sjg us ¼ykyp ls½rqEgkjh iSjoh dj yh gS ¼110½rks ge rqe ij D;k beku yk,W ¼111½uwg us dgk ;s yksx tks dqN djrs Fks eq>s D;k [k+cj ¼vkSj D;k x+jt+½ ¼112½bu yksxksa dk fglkc rks esjs ijojfnxkj ds ft+Ees gS ¼113½dk'k rqe ¼bruh½ le> j[krs vkSj eS rks bekunkjksa dks vius ikl ls fudkyus okyk ugha ¼114½eS rks flQZ ¼vt+kcs vYykg ls½ lkQ lkQ Mjkus okyk gw¡ ¼115½

og yksx dgus yxs ,s uwg vxj rqe viuh gjdr ls ckt+ u vkvksxs rks t+#j laxlkj dj fn,tkvksxs ¼116½uwg us vtZ dh ijojfnxkj esjh d+kSe us ;d+huu eq>s >qByk;k ¼117½rks vc rw esjs vkSj bu yksxksa ds njfE;ku ,d d+rbZ QSlyk dj ns vkSj eq>s vkSj tks eksfeuhu esjslkFk gsa mudks utkr ns ¼118½x+jt+ geus uwg vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa dks tks Hkjh gq;h d'rh esa Fks utkr nh ¼119½fQj mlds ckn geus ckd+h yksxksa dks x+jd dj fn;k ¼120½cs'kd bles Hkh ;d+huu cM+h bcjr gS vkSj muesa ls cgqrsjs beku ykus okys gh u Fks ¼121½vkSj blesa rks 'kd gh ugha fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj ¼lc ij½ x+kfyc esgjcku gS ¼122½¼blh rjg d+kSe½ vkn us iSx+Ecjksa dks >qByk;k ¼123½tc muds HkkbZ gwn us muls dgk fd rqe vYykg ls D;ksa ugh Mjrs ¼124½eSa rks ;d+huu rqEgkjk vekurnkj iSx+Ecj gw¡ ¼125½rks vYykg ls Mjks vkSj esjh brkvr djks ¼126½eS rks rqe ls bl ¼rcyhx+s+ fjlkyr½ ij dqN et+nwjh Hkh ugha ek¡xrk esjh mtjr rks cl lkjhvYykg;h ds ikyus okys ¼vYykg½ ij gS ¼127½rks D;k rqe Å¡ph txg ij csdkj ;knxkjs cukrs fQjrs gks ¼128½vkSj cM+s cM+s egy rkehj djrs gks xks;k rqe ges'kk ¼;gha½ jgksxs ¼129½vkSj tc rqe ¼fdlh ij½ gkFk Mkyrs gks rks ljd'kh ls gkFk Mkyrs gks ¼130½rks rqe vYykg ls Mjks vkSj esjh brkvr djks ¼131½

vkSj ml 'k[+l ls Mjks ftlus rqEgkjh mu pht+ksa ls enn dh ftUgsa rqe [kw+c tkurs gks ¼132½vPNk lquks mlus rqEgkjs pkj ik;ksa vkSj yM+ds ckyksa ox+Sjg vkSj p'eksa ls enn dh ¼133½eS rks ;d+huu rqe ij ¼134½,d cM+s ¼l[+r½ jkst+ ds vt+kc ls Mjrk gw¡ ¼135½og yksx dgus yxs [okg rqe ulhgr djks ;k u ulhgr djks gekjs okLrs ¼lc½ cjkcj gS ¼136½;s ¼Mjkok½ rks cl vxys yksxksa dh vknr gS ¼137½gkyk¡fd ge ij vt+kc ¼ox+Sjg vc½ fd;k ugha tk,xk ¼138½x+jt+ mu yksxksa us gwn dks >qByk fn;k rks geus Hkh mudks gykd dj Mkyk cs'kd bl okfd+;s esa;d+huh ,d cM+h bcjr gS vkj muesa ls cgqrsjs beku ykus okys Hkh u Fks ¼139½vkSj blesa 'kd ugha fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj ;d+huu ¼lc ij½ x+kfyc ¼vkSj½ cM+k esgjcku gS¼140½¼blh rjg d+kSe½ lewn us iSx+Ecjksa dks >qByk;k ¼141½tc muds HkkbZ lkysg us muls dgk fd rqe ¼vYykg ls½ D;ks ugha Mjrs ¼142½eSa rks ;d+huu rqEgkjk vekurnkj iSx+Ecj gw¡ ¼143½rks [kq+nk ls Mjks vkSj esjh brkvr djks ¼144½vkSj eS rks rqels bl ¼rcyhxs+ fjlkyr½ ij dqN et+nwjh Hkh ugha ek¡xrk& esjh et+nwjh rks cllkjh vYykgbZ ds ikyus okys ¼vYykg ij gS½ ¼145½D;k tks phts+a ;gk¡ ¼nqfu;k esa½ ekStwn gS ¼146½ckx+ vkSj p'es vkSj [ksfr;k vkSj Nqgkjs ftudh dfy;k¡ yrhQ+ o ukt+qd gksrh gS ¼147½

mUgha es rqe yksx bRkfeuku ls ¼ges'kk ds fy,½ NksM+ fn, tkvksxs ¼148½vkSj ¼bl otg ls½ iwjh egkjr vkSj rdyhQ ds lkFk igkM+ksa dks dkV dkV dj ?kj cukrs gks¼149½rks vYykg ls Mjks vkSj esjh brkvr djks ¼150½vkSj T+;knrh djus okyksa dk dgk u ekuksa ¼151½tks #, t+ehu ij Q+lkn QSyk;k djrs gSa vkSj ¼[k+jkfc;ksa dh½ blykg ugha djrs ¼152½og yksx cksys fd rqe ij rks cl tknw dj fn;k x;k gS ¼fd ,slh ckrsa djrs gks½ ¼153½rqe Hkh rks vkf[k+j gekjs gh ,sls vkneh gks il vxj rqe lPps gks rks dksbZ ekSftt+k gekjs iklyk ¼fn[kkvks½ ¼154½lkysg us dgk& ;gh Å¡Vuh ¼ekSftt+k½ gS ,d ckjh blds ikuh ihus dh gS vkSj ,d eqd+jZj fnurqEgkjs ihus dk ¼155½vkSj bldks dksbZ rdyhQ+ u igq¡pkuk ojuk ,d cM+s ¼l[+r½ t+ksj dk vt+kc rqEgs ys Mkysxk¼156½bl ij Hkh mu yksxksa us mlds ik¡o dkV Mkys vkSj ¼mldks ekj Mkyk½ fQj [+k+qn i'kseku gq,¼157½fQj mUgsa vt+kc us ys Mkyk&cs'kd blesa ;d+huu ,d cM+h bcjr gS vkSj buesa ds cgqrsjs bekuykus okys Hkh u Fks ¼158½vkSj blesa 'kd gh ugha fd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj ¼lc ij½ x+kfyc vkSj esgjcku gS ¼159½blh rjg ywr dh d+kSe us iSx+Ecjksa dks >qByk;k ¼160½tc muds HkkbZ ywr us muls dgk fd rqe ¼vYykg ls½ D;ksa ugha Mjrs ¼161½eS rks ;d+huu rqEgkjk vekurnkj iSx+Ecj gw¡ rks vYykg ls Mjks ¼162½

vkSj esjh brkvr djks ¼163½vkSj eS rks rqels bl ¼rcyhxs+ fjlkyr½ ij dqN et+nwjh Hkh ugha ek¡xrk esjh et+nwjh rks cl lkjhvYykg;h ds ikyus okys ¼vYykg½ ij gS ¼164½D;k rqe yksx ¼'kgor ijLrh ds fy,½ lkjs tgk¡ ds yksxksa esa enksaZ gh ds ikl tkrs gks ¼165½vkSj rqEgkjs okLrs tks chfo;k¡ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us iSnk dh gS mUgsa NksM+ nsrs gks ¼;s dqN ugha½cfYd rqe yksx gn ls xqt+j tkus okys vkneh gks ¼166½mu yksxksa us dgk ,s ywr vxj rqe ckt+ u vkvksxs rks rqe t+#j fudy ckgj dj fn, tkvksxs¼167½ywr us dgk eS ;d+huu rqEgkjh ¼uk'kkblrk½ gjdr ls cst+kj gw¡ ¼168½¼vkSj nqvk dh½ ijojfnxkj tks dqN ;s yksx djrs gS mlls eq>s vkSj esjs yM+dksa dks utkr ns¼169½rks geus mudks vkSj muds lc yM+dksa dks utkr nh ¼170½exj ¼ywr dh½ cwqByk;k ¼176½

tc 'kq,c us muls dgk fd rqe ¼[+k+qnk ls½ D;ksa ugha Mjrs ¼177½eS rks fcyk 'kqckg rqEgkjk vekunkj gw¡ ¼178½rks vYykg ls Mjks vkSj esjh brkvr djks ¼179½eS rks rqels bl ¼rcyhx+s fjlkyr½ ij dqN et+nwjh Hkh ugha ek¡xrk esjh et+nwjh rks cl lkjhvYykgbZ ds ikyus okys ¼vYykg½ ds ft+Ees gS ¼180½rqe ¼tc dksbZ pht+ uki dj nks rks½ iwjk iSekuk fn;k djks vkSj uqd+lku ¼de nsus okys½ u cuks¼181½vkSj rqe ¼tc rkSyks rks½ Bhd rjkt+w ls MUMh lh/kh j[kdj rkSyks ¼182½vkSj yksxksa dks mudh pht+s ¼tks [k+jhnsa½ de u T+;knk djks vkSj t+ehu ls Qlkn u QSykrs fQjks¼183½vkSj ml ¼vYykg½ ls Mjks ftlus rqEgs vkSj vxyh f[k+ydr dks iSnk fd;k ¼184½og yksx dgus yxs rqe ij rks cl tknw dj fn;k x;k gS ¼fd ,slh ckrsa djrs gksa½ ¼185½vkSj rqe rks gekjs gh ,sls ,d vkneh gks vkSj ge yksx rks rqedks >wBk gh le>rs gSa ¼186½rks vxj rqe lPps gks rks ge ij vkleku dk ,d VqdM+k fxjk nks ¼187½vkSj 'kq,c us dgk tks rqe yksx djrs gks esjk ijojfnxkj [k+wc tkurk gS ¼188½x+jt+ mu yksxksa us 'kq,c dks >qByk;k rks mUgsa lk,cku ¼vcz½ ds vt+kc us ys Mkyk& bles 'kdugha fd ;s Hkh ,d cM+s ¼l[+r½ fnu dk vt+kc Fkk ¼189½bles Hkh 'kd ugha fd blesa ¼le>nkjksa ds fy,½ ,d cM+h bcjr gS vkSj muesa ds cgqrsjs bekuykus okys gh u Fks ¼190½vkSj cs'kd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj ;d+huu ¼lc ij½ x+kfyc ¼vkSj½ cM+k esgjcku gS ¼191½

vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ cs'kd ;s ¼d++qjku½ lkjh [+k+qnk;h ds ikyus okys ¼[+k+qnk½ dk mrkjk gqvk gS ¼192½ftls #gqy vehu ¼ftcjhy½ lkQ+ vjch t+cku esa ysdj rqEgkjs fny ij ukft+y gq, gS ¼193½rkfd rqe Hkh vkSj iSx+Ecjksa dh rjg ¼194½yksxksa dks vt+kcs vYykg ls Mjkvks ¼195½vkSj cs'kd bldh [k+cj vxys iSx+Ecjksa dh fdrkcksa es ¼Hkh ekStwn½ gS ¼196½D;k muds fy, ;s dksbZ ¼dkQ+h½ fu'kkuh ugha gS fd bldks mysek cuh bljkby tkurs gSa ¼197½vkSj vxj ge bl d++qjku dks fdlh nwljh t+cku okys ij ukft+y djrs ¼198½vkSj og mu vjcks ds lkeus mldks ikus dks ¼igys ls½ Mjkusokys ¼iSx+Ecj Hkst fn,½ Fks ¼208½

vkSj ge t+kfye ugha gS ¼209½vkSj bl d++qjku dks 'k;krhu ysdj ukft+y ugh gq, ¼210½vkSj ;s dke u rks muds fy, equkflc Fkk vkSj u og dj ldrs Fks ¼211½cfYd og rks ¼ogh ds½ lquus ls eg#e gSa ¼212½¼,s jlwy½ rqe [+k+qnk ds lkFk fdlh nwljs ekcwn dh bcknr u djks ojuk rqe Hkh eqcfryk, vt+kcfd, tkvksxs ¼213½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe vius d+jhch fj'rsnkjksa dks ¼vt+kcs vYykg ls½ Mjkvks ¼214½vkSj tks eksfeuhu rqEgkjs iSjks gks x, gSa muds lkeus viuk cktw+ >qdkvks ¼215½¼rks okt+s, djks½ il vxj yksx rqEgkjh ukQ+jekuh djsa rks rqe ¼lkQ lkQ½ dg nks fd eSa rqEgkjsdjrwrksa ls cjh mt+ ft+Eek gw¡ ¼216½vkSj rqe ml ¼vYykg½ ij tks lcls ¼x+kfyc vkSj½ esgjcku gS ¼217½Hkjkslk j[kks fd tc rqe ¼uekts+ rgTtqn esa½ [kM+s gksrs gks ¼218½vkSj ltnk ¼219½djus okyksa ¼dh tekvr½ esa rqEgkjk fQjuk ¼mBuk cSBuk ltnk #dwm oxS+jg lc½ ns[krk gS ¼220½cs'kd og cM+k lquus okyk okfd+Q+dkj gS D;k eS rqEgsa crk nw¡ fd 'k;krhu fdu yksxksa ijukft+y gqvk djrs gSa ¼221½¼yks lquks½ ;s yksx >wBs cn fdjnkj ij ukft+y gqvk djrs gSa ¼222½tks ¼Qfj'rks dh ckrksa ij dku yxk, jgrs gSa½ fd dqN lqu ik,¡ ¼223½

gkyk¡fd muesa ds vDlj rks ¼fcYdqy½ >wBs gSa vkSj 'kk;jksa dh iSjoh rks xqejkg yksx fd;k djrsgSa ¼224½D;k rqe ugha ns[krs fd ;s yksx taxy taxy ljfxjnkW ekjs ekjs fQjrs gSa ¼225½vkSj ;s yksx ,slh ckrs dgrs gSa tks dHkh djrs ugha ¼226½exj ¼gk¡½ ftu yksxksa us beku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, vkSj d+ljr ls [+k+qnk dkft+Ø fd;k djrs gSa vkSj tc mu ij t++qYe fd;k tk pqdk mlds ckn mUgksausa cnyk fy;k vkSjftu yksxksa us t+q+Ye fd;k gS mUgsa vud+jhc gh ekywe gks tk,xk fd og fdl txg ykSVk, tk,¡xsa¼227½

27 lwjg uEylwjg uEy eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh frjkuucs vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSrk lhu ;s d+qjku okts+, o jkS'ku fdrkc dh vk;rsa gS ¼1½¼;s½ mu bekunkjksa ds fy, ¼vt+ljrkik½ fgnk;r vkSj ¼tUur dh½ [k+q'k[kcjh gS ¼2½tks uekt+ dks ikcUnh ls vnk djrs gSa vkSj t+dkr fn;k djrs gSa vkSj ;gh yksx vkf[k+jr¼d+;ker½ dk Hkh ;d+hu j[krs gSa ¼3½blesa 'kd ugha fd tks yksx vkf[kjr ij beku ugha j[krs ¼xks;k½ geus [k+qn ¼mudh dkjLrkfu;ksadks mudh ut+j esa½ vPNk dj fn[kk;k gS ¼4½rks ;s yksx HkVdrs fQjrs gSa& ;gh og yksx gSa ftuds fy, ¼d+;ker esa½ cM+k vt+kc gS vkSj ;ghyksx vkf[k+jr esa lcls T+;knk ?kkVk mBkus okys gSa ¼5½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqedks rks d+qjku ,d cMs+ okfd+Qdkj gdhe dh ckjxkg ls vrk fd;k tkrk gS¼6½¼og okfd+;k ;kn fnykvks½ tc ewlk us vius yM+ds ckyksa ls dgk fd eSus ¼viuh ck;ha rjQ½vkx ns[kh gS ¼,d t+jk Bgjks rks½ eS ogk¡ ls dqN ¼jkg dh½ [k+cj yk¡Å ;k rqEgsa ,d lqyxrkgqvk vkx dk v¡xkjk yk nw¡ rkfd rqe rkiks ¼7½x+jt+ tc ewlk bl vkx ds ikl vk, rks mudks vkokt+ vk;h fd eqckjd gS og tks vkx esa¼rtYyh fn[kkuk½ gS vkSj tks mlds fxnZ gS vkSj og vYykg lkjs tgk¡ dk ikyus okyk gS ¼8½¼gj ,sc ls½ ikd o ikdht+k gS& ,s ewlk blesa 'kd ugha fd eS t+cjnLr fgder okyk gw¡ ¼9½vkSj ¼gk¡½ viuh NM+h rks ¼t+ehu ij½ Mky nks rks tc ewlk us mldks ns[kk fd og bl rjgygjk jgh gS xks;k og ftUn+k vt+ngk gS rks fiNys iko¡ Hkkx pys vkSj ihNs eqM+dj Hkh u ns[kk¼rks geus dgk½ ,s ewlk Mjks ugha gekjs ikl iSx+Ecj yksx Mjk ugha djrs gSa ¼10½

¼eqrebu gks tkrs gS½ exj tks 'k[+l xqukg djs fQj xqukg ds ckn mls usdh ¼rkSck½ ls cny nsrks vycÙkk cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gw¡ ¼11½¼ogk¡½ vkSj viuk gkFk vius xjsckW esa rks Mkyks fd og lQsn cqjkZd+ gksdj cs,sc fudy vk,xk¼;s og ekSftt+s½ feu tqeyk ukS eksftt+kr ds gSa tks rqedks feysxsa rqe fQjvkÅu vkSj mldh d+kSeds ikl ¼tkvks½ D;ksafd og cnfdjnkj yksx gSa ¼12½rks tc muds ikl gekjs vk¡[ksa [kksy nsus okys eSftt+s vk, rks dgus yxs ;s rks [kqyk gqvk tknwgS ¼13½vkSj ckotwn ds muds fny dks mu ekSftt+kr dk ;d+hu Fkk exj fQj Hkh mu yksxksa us ljd'khvkSj rdCcqj ls mudks u ekuk rks ¼,s jlwy½ ns[kks fd ¼vkf[kj½ eqQflnksa dk vUtke D;k gksxk¼14½vkSj blesa 'kd ugha fd geus nkÅn vkSj lqyseku dks bYe vrk fd;k vkSj nksuksa us ¼[k+q'k gksdj½dgk vYykg dk 'kqØ ftlus gedks vius cgqrsjs bZekunkj cUnksa ij Qt+hyr nh ¼15½vkSj ¼bYe fgder tk,nkn ¼eudwyk½ xS+j eudwyk lc esa½ lqyseku nkÅn ds okfjl gq, vkSj dgkfd yksx ge dks ¼vYykg ds Qt+y ls½ ifjUnksa dh cksyh Hkh fl[kk;h x;h gS vkSj gesa ¼nqfu;kdh½ gj pht+ vrk dh x;h gS blesa 'kd ugha fd ;s ;d+huh ¼vYykg dk½ ljhgh Qt+y odje gS ¼16½vkSj lqyseku ds lkeus muds y'kdj ftUukr vkSj vkneh vkSj ifjUns lc tek fd, tkrs Fks ¼17½rks og lcds lc ¼ely ely½ [kMs+ fd, tkrs Fks ¼x+jt+ bl rjg y'kdj pyrk½ ;gk¡ rd fdtc ¼,d fnu½ phVh;ksa ds eSnku esa vk fudys rks ,d phVha cksyh ,s phVh;ksa vius vius fcy esa?kql tkvks& ,slk u gks fd lqyseku vkSj mudk y'dj rqEgs jkSUn Mkys vkSj mUgsa mldh [k+cj Hkhu gks ¼18½rks lqyseku bl ckr ls eqLdqjk ds g¡l iM+sa vkSj vtZ+ dh ijojfnxkj eq>s rkSQhd+ vrk Qjek fdtSlh tSlh usversa rwus eq> ij vkSj esjs okynSu ij ukft+y QjekbZ gSa eS ¼mudk½ 'kqfØ;k vnk d#¡vkSj eSa ,sls usd dke d#¡ ftls rw ilUn Qjek, vkSj rw viuh [k+kl esgjckuh ls eq>s ¼vius½usdksdkj cUnksa esa nkf[ky dj ¼19½

vkSj lqyseku us ifjUnksa ¼ds y'dj½ dh gkft+jh yh rks dgus yxs fd D;k ckr gS fd eS gqngqndks ¼mldh txg ij½ ugha ns[krk D;k ¼okd+bZ esa½ og dgh x+k;c gS ¼20½¼vxj ,slk gS rks½ eS mls l[+r ls l[+r lt+k nw¡xk ;k ¼ugha rks ½ mls t+ckg gh dj Mkyw¡xk ;kog ¼viuh csxqukgh dh½ dksbZ lkQ nyhy esjs ikl is'k djs ¼21½x+jt+ lqyseku us FkksM+h gh nsj ¼roDdqQ+ fd;k Fkk fd ¼gqngqn½ vk x;k½ rks mlus vt+Z dh eq>s;g ckr ekywe gq;h gS tks vc rd gqt+wj dks Hkh ekywe ugha gS vkSj vki ds ikl 'kgjs lck ls,d rgd+hdh [k+cj ysdj vk;k gw¡ ¼22½eSus ,d vkSjr dks ns[kk tks ogk¡ ds yksxksa ij lyrur djrh gS vkSj mls ¼nqfu;k dh½ gj pht+vrk dh x;h gS vkSj mldk ,d cM+k r[+r gS ¼23½eSus [kq+n eydk dks ns[kk vkSj mldh d+kSe dks ns[kk fd og yksx vYykg dks NksM+dj vkQrkcdks ltnk djrs gSa 'kSrku us mudh djrwrksa dks ¼mudh ut+j esa½ vPNk dj fn[kk;k gS vkSj mudksjkgs jkLr ls jksd j[kk gS ¼24½rks mUgsa ¼bruh lh ckr Hkh ugha lw>rh½ fd og yksx vYykg gh dk ltnk D;ksa ugha djrs tksvkleku vkSj t+ehu dh iks'khnk ckrksa dks t+kfgj dj nsrk gS vkSj rqe yksx tks dqN fNikdj ;kt+kfgj djds djrs gks lc tkurk gS ¼25½vYykg og gS ftlls flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha ogh ¼brus½ cM+s v'kZ dk ekfyd gS ¼26½ ltnk 9¼x+jt+½ lqyseku us dgk ge vHkh ns[krs gSa fd rwus lp lp dgk ;k rw >wBk gS ¼27½¼vPNk½ gekjk ;s [k+r ysdj tk vkSj mldks mu yksxksa ds lkeus Mky ns fQj mu ds ikl lstkuk fQj ns[krs jguk fd og yksx vf[k+j D;k tokc nsrs gSa ¼28½¼x+jt+½ gqn gqn us eydk ds ikl [k+r igq¡pk fn;k rks eydk cksyh ,s ¼esjs njckj ds½ ljnkjksa ;s,d okftcqy ,grjke [k+r esjs ikl Mky fn;k x;k gS ¼29½lqyseku dh rjQ ls gS ¼;s mldk ljukek½ gS fcLfeYykfgjjgekfujghe ¼30½

¼vkSj et+ewu½ ;g gS fd eq> ls ljd'kh u djks vkSj esjs lkeus Qjekcjnkj cu dj gkft+j gks¼31½rc eydk ¼foyd+hl½ cksyh ,s esjs njckj ds ljnkjksa rqe esjs bl ekeys esa eq>s jk; nks ¼D;ksafdesjk rks ;s d+k;nk gS fd½ tc rd rqe yksx esjs lkeus ekStwn u gks ¼e'kojk u ns nks½ eSa fdlhvez esa d+rbZ QSlyk u fd;k djrh ¼32½mu yksxksa us vt+Z dh ge cM+s t+ksjkoj cMs+ yM+us okys gSa vkSj ¼vkbUnk½ gj vez dk vki dks,[+fr;kj gS rks tks gqDe ns vki ¼[kqn vPNh½ rjg blds vUtke ij x+kSj dj ys ¼33½eydk us dgk ckn'kkgksa dk d+k;nk gS fd tc fdlh cLrh esa ¼ct+ksjs Q+rsg½ nkf[k+y gks tkrs gSarks mldks mtkM+ nsrs gSa vkSj ogk¡ ds eqvft+t+ yksxksa dks t+yhy o #lok dj nsrs gSa vkSj ;s yksxHkh ,slk gh djsaxs ¼34½vkSj eSa muds ikl ¼,yfp;ksa dh ekvjQ+r dqN rksgQk Hkstdj ns[krh gw¡ fd ,yph yksx D;ktokc ykrs gSa½ x+jt+ tc fcyd+hl dk ,yph ¼rksgQk ysdj½ lqyseku ds ikl vk;k ¼35½rks lqyseku us dgk D;k rqe yksx eq>s eky dh enn nsrs gks rks vYykg us tks ¼eky nqfu;k½eq>s vrk fd;k gS og ¼eky½ mlls tks rqEgsa c['kk gS dgha csgrj gS ¼eSa rks ugh½ cfYd rqEghyksx vius rksgQs+ rgk;Q+ ls [+kq'k gqvk djks ¼36½¼fQj rksgQk ykus okys us dgk½ rks mUgha yksxksa ds ikl tk ge ;d+huu ,sls y'dj ls mu ijp

ekStwn ik;k rks dgus yxs ;s egt+ esjs ijojfnxkj dk Qt+y o dje gS rkfd og esjk bErsgkuys fd eS mldk 'kqØ djrk gw¡ ;k uk'kqØh djrk gw¡ vkSj tks dksbZ 'kqØ djrk gS og viuh ghHkykbZ ds fy, 'kqØ djrk gS vkSj tks 'k[+l uk 'kqØh djrk gS rks ¼;kn jf[k,½ esjk ijojfnxkj;d+huu csijok vkSj l[k+h gS ¼40½¼mlds ckn½ lqyseku us dgk fd mlds r[+r esa ¼mldh vD+y ds bEfrgku ds fy,½ rx+¸;qjrcnnqy dj nks rkfd ge ns[ksa fd fQj Hkh og le> j[krh gS ;k mu yksxksa esa gS tks dqNle> ugha j[krs ¼41½¼pqukUps ,slk gh fd;k x;k½ fQj tc fcyd+hl ¼lqyseku ds ikl½ vk;h rks iwNk x;k fd rqEgkjkr[+r Hkh ,slk gh gS og cksyh xks;k ;s ogh gS ¼fQj dgus yxh½ gedks rks mlls igys gh¼vkidh uqcwor½ ekywe gks x;h Fkh vkSj ge rks vkids Q+jekcjnkj Fks gh ¼42½vkSj vYykg ds flok ftls og iwtrh Fkh lqyseku us mlls mls jksd fn;k D;ksafd og dkfQjd+kSe dh Fkh ¼vkSj vkQrkc dks iwtrh Fkh½ ¼43½fQj mlls dgk x;k fd vki vc egy es pfy, rks tc mlus egy ¼esa 'kh'ks ds Q'kZ½ dksns[kk rks mldks xgjk ikuh le>h ¼vkSj xqt+jus ds fy, bl rjg vius ik,ps mBk fy, fd½ viuhnksuksa fiUMfy;k¡ [kksy nh lqyseku us dgk ¼rqe Mjks ugha½ ;s ¼ikuh ugha gS½ egy gS tks 'kh'ks lsexM+us yxs ¼45½lkysg us dgk ,s esjh d+kSe ¼vkf[k+j½ rqe yksx HkykbZ ls igy cqjkbZ ds okLrs tYnh D;ksa dj jgsgks rqe yksx vYykg dh ckjxkg esa rkSck o vLrx+Qkj D;ksa ugh djrs rkfd rqe ij jge fd;ktk, ¼46½og yksx cksys geus rks rqe ls vkSj rqEgkjs lkfFk;ksa ls cqjk 'kxqu ik;k lkysg us dgk rqEgkjhcnfdLerh vYykg ds ikl gS ¼;s lc dqN ugha½ cfYd rqe yksxksa dh vkt+ekb'k dh tk jgh gS¼47½

vkSj 'kgj esa ukS vkneh Fks tks eqYd ds ckuh;s Qlkn Fks vkSj blykg dh fQØ u djrs Fks&muyksxksa us ¼vkil esa½ dgk fd ckge vYykg dh d+le [kkrs tkvks ¼48½fd ge yksx lkysg vkSj mlds yM+ds ckyks ij 'kc [kwu djs mlds ckn mlds okyh okfjl lsdg nsxsa fd ge yksx muds ?kj okyksa dks gykd+ gksrs oD+r ekStwn gh u Fks vkSj ge yksx rks;d+huu lPps gSa ¼49½vkSj mu yksxksa us ,d rnchj dh vkSj geus Hkh ,d rnchj dh vkSj ¼gekjh rnchj dh½ mudks[k+cj Hkh u gq;h ¼50½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ns[kks mudh rnchj dk D;k ¼cqjk½ vUtke gqvk fd geus mudks vkSj lkjhd+kSe dks gykd dj Mkyk ¼51½;s cl muds ?kj gSa fd mudh ukQjekfu;ksa dh ot+g ls [k+kyh ohjku iM+s gSa bles 'kd ugh fdml okfd+;s esa okfd+Q dkj yksxksa ds fy, cM+h bcjr gS ¼52½vkSj geus mu yksxksa dks tks beku yk, Fks vkSj ijgst+xkj Fks cpk fy;k ¼53½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ ywr dks ¼;kn djks½ tc mUgksaus viuh d+kSe ls dgk fd D;k rqe ns[kHkky dj¼le> cw> dj½ ,slh csg;kbZ djrs gks ¼54½D;k rqe vkSjrksa dks NksM+dj 'kgor ls enksZa ds vkrs gks ¼;s rqe vPNk ugha djrs½ cfYd rqeyksx cM+h tkfgy d+kSe gks rks ywr dh d+kSe dk blds flok dqN tokc u Fkk ¼55½fd og yksx cksy mBs fd ywr ds [kkunku dks viuh cLrh ¼lnwe½ ls fudky ckgj djks ;s yksxcM+s ikd lkQ cuuk pkgrs gSa ¼56½x+jt geus ywr dks vkSj muds [k+kunku dks cpk fy;k exj mudh choh fd geus mldh rd+nhjesa ihNs jg tkus okyksa esa fy[k fn;k Fkk ¼57½vkSj ¼fQj rks½ geus mu yksxksa ij ¼iRFkj dk½ esag cjlk;k rks tks yksx Mjk, tk pqds Fks mu ijD;k cqjk esag cjlk ¼58½

¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks ¼muds gykd+ gksus ij½ [kq+nk dk 'kqØ vkSj mlds cjxqt+hnk cUnksa ij lykeHkyk vYykg csgrj gS ;k og pht+ ftls ;s yksx 'kjhds vYykg dgrs gSa ¼59½Hkyk og dkSu gS ftlus vkleku vkSj t+ehu dks iSnk fd;k vkSj rqEgkjs okLrs vkleku ls ikuhcjlk;k fQj ge gh us ikuh ls fny pLi ¼[k+q'kuqek½ ckx+ mBk, rqEgkjs rks ;s cl dh ckr u Fkhfd rqe muds nj[+rksa dks mxk ldrs rks D;k vYykg ds lkFk dksbZ vkSj ekcwn Hkh gS ¼gjfxt+ugha½ cfYd ;s yksx [kqn vius th ls xrs fd d+cz ls nksckjk dc ft+Unk mB [kMs+ fd,tk,¡xsa ¼65½cfYd ¼vly ;s gS fd½ vkf[k+jr ds ckjs esa muds bYe dk [k+kRek gks x;k gS cfYd mldh rjQls 'kd esa iM+sa gSa cfYd ¼lp ;s gS fd½ blls ;s yksx v¡/ks cus gq, gSa ¼66½

vkSj dqQkj dgus yxs fd D;k tc ge vkSj gekjs cki nknk ¼lM+ xy dj½ feêh gks tk,¡xaas rksD;k ge fQj fudkys tk,¡xsa ¼67½mldk rks igys Hkh ge ls vkSj gekjs cki nknkvksa ls ok;nk fd;k x;k Fkk ¼dgk¡ dk mBuk vkSjdSlh d+;ker½ ;s rks gks u gks vxys yksxksa ds

cs'kd u rks rqe eqnksaZ dks ¼viuh ckr½ lquk ldrs gks vkSj u cgjksa dks viuh vkokt+ lquk ldrsgks ¼[k+kldj½ tc og ihB Qsj dj Hkkx [k+Msa+ gks ¼80½vkSj u rqe v¡/ksa dks mudh xqejkgh ls jkg ij yk ldrs gks rqe rks cl mUgha yksxksa dks ¼viuhckr½ lquk ldrs gks tks gekjh vk;rksa ij beku j[krs gSa ¼81½fQj ogh yksx rks ekuus okys Hkh gSa tc mu yksxksa ij ¼d+;ker dk½ ok;nk iwjk gksxk rks gemuds okLrs t+ehu ls ,d pyus okyk fudky [kM+k djsaxs tks muls ;s ckrs djsaxk fd ¼QykWQyk½ yksx gekjh vk;rks dk ;d+hu ugha j[krs Fks ¼82½vkSj ¼ml fnu dks ;kn djks½ ftl fnu ge gj mEer ls ,d ,sls fxjksg dks tks gekjh vk;rksadks >qByk;k djrs Fks ¼ft+Unk djds½ tek djsaxs fQj mu dh Vksfy;k¡ vygnk vygnk djsaxs ¼83½;gk¡ rd fd tc og lc ¼vYykg ds lkeus½ vk,¡xsa vkSj vYykg muls dgsxk D;k rqe us gekjhvk;rksa dks cxSj vPNh rjg le>s cw>s >qByk;k&Hkyk rqe D;k D;k djrs Fks vkSj pw¡fd ;s yksxt+qYe fd;k djrs Fks ¼84½bu ij ¼vt+kc dk½ ok;nk iwjk gks x;k fQj ;s yksx dqN cksy Hkh rks u ldsaxsa ¼85½D;k bu yksxksa us ;s Hkh u ns[kk fd geus jkr dks blfy, cuk;k fd ;s yksx bles pSu djsa vkSjfnu dks jkS'ku ¼rkfd ns[kHkky djs½ cs'kd blesa beku ykus okyksa ds fy, ¼dq+njrs vYykg dh½cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼86½vkSj ¼ml fnu ;kn djks½ ftl fnu lwj Qw¡dk tk,xk rks ftrus yksx vklekuksa es gSa vkSj ftrusyksx t+ehu esa gSa ¼x+jt+ lc ds lc½ ngy tk,axsa exj ftl 'k[+l dks vYykg pkgs ¼oks vycÙkkeqrebu jgsxk½ vkSj lc yksx mldh ckjxkg esa ft+Yyr o vkftt+h dh gkyr esa gkft+j gksxsa ¼87½vkSj rqe igkM+ksa dks ns[kdj mUgsa et+cwj tes gq, le>rsa gks gkykfd ;s ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ cknydh rjg mM+s mMs+ fQjsxsa ¼;s Hkh½ vYykg dh dkjhxjh gS fd ftlus gj pht+ dks [k+wc et+cwrcuk;k gS cs'kd tks dqN rqe yksx djrs gks mlls og [k+wc okfd+Q+ gS ¼88½tks 'k[+l usd dke djsxk mlds fy, mldh tt+k mlls dgha csgrj gS vksj ;s yksx ml fnu[k+kSQ o [k+rjs ls egQwt+ jgsaxs ¼89½

vkSj tks yksx cqjk dke djsaxs og eq¡g ds cy tgUuqe esa >ksd fn, tk,¡xs ¼vkSj muls dgktk,xk fd½ tks dqN rqe ¼nqfu;k esa½ djrs Fks cl mlh dk tt+k rqEgsa nh tk,xh ¼90½¼,s jlwy muls dg nks fd½ eq>s rks cl ;gh gqDe fn;k x;k gS fd eS bl 'kgj ¼eDdk½ dsekfyd dh bcknr d#¡ ftlus mls bT+t+r o gqjer nh gS vkSj gj pht+ mldh gS vkSj eq>s ;sgqDe fn;k x;k fd eS ¼mlds½ Qjekcjnkj cUnkas esa ls gw¡ ¼91½vkSj ;s fd eS d+qjku i

28 lwjg d+lllwjg d+ll eDds esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh 88 vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSrk lhu ehe ¼1½¼,s jlwy½ ;s okt+s, o jkS'ku fdrkc dh vk;rsa gSa ¼2½¼ftlesa½ ge rqEgkjsa lkeus ewlk vkSj fQjvkÅu dk okfd+;k bekunkj yksxksa ds uQ+s ds okLrs BhdBhd c;ku djrs gSa ¼3½cs'kd fQjvkÅu us ¼felz dh½ ljt+ehu esa cgqr lj mBk;k Fkk vkSj mlus ogk¡ ds jgus okyksa dksdbZ fxjksg dj fn;k Fkk muesa ls ,d fxjksg ¼cuh bljkby½ dks vkftt+ dj j[kk Fk fd mudscsVksa dks t+ckg djok nsrk Fkk vkSj mudh vkSjrksa ¼csfV;ksa½ dks ft+Unk NksM+ nsrk Fkk cs'kd og HkheqQ+flnksa esa Fkk ¼4½vkSj ge rks ;s pkgrs gSa fd tks yksx #, t+ehu esa det+ksj dj fn, x, gSa muij ,glku djsvkSj mUghadks ¼yksxksa dk½ is'kok cuk,¡ vkSj mUgha dks bl ¼ljt+ehu½ dk ekfyd cuk,¡ ¼5½vkSj mUgha dks #, t+ehu ij iwjh d++qnjr vrk djs vkSj fQjvkÅu vkSj gkeku vkSj mu nksuksa dsy'djks dks mUgha det+ksjksa ds gkFk ls og pht+sa fn[kk;sa ftlls ;s yksx Mjrs Fks ¼6½vkSj geus ewlk dh ek¡ ds ikl ;s ogh Hksth fd rqe mldks nw/k fiyk yks fQj tc mldhfuLcr rqedks dksbZ [k+kSQ gks rks bldks ¼,d lUnwd+ esa j[kdj½ nfj;k esa Mky nks vkSj ¼ml ij½rqe dqN u Mjuk vkSj u dq

vkSj ¼tc ewlk egy esa yk, x, rks½ fQjvkÅu dh chch ¼vkfl;k vius 'kkSgj ls½ cksyh fd ;sesjh vkSj rqEgkjh ¼nksuksa dh½ vk¡[kksa dh BUMd gS rks rqe yksx bldks d+Ry u djks D;k vtc gSfd ;s gedks uQ+k igq¡pk, ;k ge mls ys ikyd gh cuk ysa vkSj mUgsa ¼mlh ds gkFk ls cckZngksus dh½ [k+cj u Fkh ¼9½b/kj rks ;s gks jgk Fkk vkSj ¼m/kj½ ewlk dh ek¡ dk fny ,slk cspSu gks x;k fd vxj ge mldsfny dks et+cwr dj nsrs rks d+jhc Fkk fd ewlk dk gky t+kfgj dj nsrh ¼vkSj geus blhfy,

ewlk us vtZ+ dh ijojfnxkj pw¡fd rwus eq> ij ,glku fd;k gS eS Hkh vkbUnk xqukgxkjksa dkgjfxt+ enn xkj u cuwxk¡ ¼17½x+jt+ ¼jkr rks tks R;ksa xqt+jh½ lqcg dks mEehnks che dh gkyr esa ewlk 'kgj esa x, rks D;kns[krs gSa fd ogh 'k[+l ftlus dy muls enn ek¡xh Fkh muls ¼fQj½ Qfj;kn dj jgk gS&ewlk usmlls dgk cs'kd rw ;d+huh [kqYye [kqYyk xqejkg gS ¼18½x+jt+ tc ewlk us pkgk fd ml 'k[+l ij tks nksuksa dk nq'eu Fkk ¼NqM+kus ds fy,½ gkFk cs Hkh ekj Mkyuk pkgrs gks rks rqe cl ;s pkgrs gks fd #, t+ehu esa ljd'k cu dj jgksvkSj elyg ¼d+kSe½ cudj jguk ugha pkgrs ¼19½vkSj ,d 'k[+l 'kgj ds ml fdukjs ls Mjkrk gqvk vk;k vkSj ¼ewlk ls½ dgus yxk ewlk ¼rqe ;s;d+hu tkuks fd 'kgj ds½ cM+s cM+s vkneh rqEgkjs vkneh rqEgkjs ckjs esa e'kojk dj jgs gSa fdrqedks dRy dj Mkysa rks rqe ¼'kgj ls½ fudy Hkkxks ¼20½eS rqels [k+Sj[+okgkuk ¼Hkykb ds fy,½ dgrk gw¡ x+jt+ ewlk ogk¡ ls mEehn o che dh gkyr esafudy [kMs+ gq, vkSj ¼ckjxkgs [k++qnk esa½ vt+Z dh ijojfnxkj eq>s t+kfye yksxksa ¼ds gkFk½ ls utkrns ¼21½vkSj tc efn;u dh rjQ #[k+ fd;k ¼vkSj jkLrk ekywe u Fkk½ rks vki gh vki cksys eq>smEehn gS fd esjk ijojfnxkj eq>s lh/ks jkLrk fn[kk ns ¼22½vkSj ¼vkB fnu Qkd+k djrs pys½ tc 'kgj efn;u ds dqvksa ij ¼tks 'kgj ds ckgj Fkk½ igq¡psarks dqvksa ij yksxksa dh HkhM+ ns[kh fd og ¼vius tkuojksa dks½ ikuh fiyk jgs gSa vkSj mu lcdsihNs nks vkSjrks ¼gt+jr 'kq,c dh csfV;ksa½ dks ns[kk fd og ¼viuh cdfj;ksa dks½ jksds [kM+h gSewlk us iwNk fd rqEgkjk D;k eryc gS og cksyh tc rd lc pjokgs ¼vius tkuojksa dks½ [+kwcNd ds ikuh fiyk dj fQj u tk,¡ ge ugha fiyk ldrs vkSj gekjs okfyn cgqr cw

qe dks cqykrs gSa rkfd rqeus tks ¼gekjh cdfj;ksa dks½ ikuh fiyk fn;k gS rqEgsa mldh et+nwjh nsx+jt+ tc ewlk muds ikl vk, vkSj muls vius fdLls c;ku fd, rks mUgksaus dgk vc dqNvUns'kk u djks rqeus t+kfye yksxksa ds gkFk ls utkr ik;h ¼25½¼blh vluk esa½ mu nksuksa esa ls ,d yM+dh us dgk ,s vCck bu dks ukSdj j[k yhft, D;ksafdvki ftldks Hkh ukSdj j[ksa lc esa csgrj og gS tks et+cwr vkSj vekurnkj gks ¼26½¼vkSj buesa nksuksa ckrsa ik;h tkrh gSa rc½ 'kq,c us dgk eS pkgrk gw¡ fd viuh nksuksa yM+fd;ksa esals ,d ds lkFk rqEgkjk bl ¼egj½ ij fudkg dj nw¡ fd rqe vkB cjl rd esjh ukSdjh djksvkSj vxj rqe nl cjl iwjs dj nks rks rqEgkjk ,glku vkSj eS rqe ij esgur e'kDd+r HkhMkyuk ugh pkgrk vkSj rqe eq>s bU'kk vYykg usdks dkj vkneh ikvksxs ¼27½ewlk us dgk ;s esjs vkSj vki ds njfE;ku ¼eqgk,nk½ gS nksuksa eqírksa es ls eS tks Hkh iwjh dj nw¡¼eq>s ,[+fr;kj gS½ fQj eq> ij tcz vkSj T+;knrh ¼nsus dk vkidks gd+½ ugha vkSj ge vki tksdqN dj jgs gSa ¼mldk½ vYykg xokg gS ¼28½x+jt+ ewlk dk NksVh yM+dh ls fudkg gks x;k vkSj jgus yxs fQj tc ewlk us viuh ¼nl cjldh½ eqír iwjh dh vkSj choh dks ysdj pys rks v¡/ksjh jkr tkM+ksa ds fnu jkg Hkwy x, vkSjchch lQ+wjk dks nnZ t+sg 'kq# gqvk ¼brus esa½ dksgsrwj dh rjQ vkx fn[kk;h nh rks vius yM+dsckyksa ls dgk rqe yksx Bgjks eSus ;d+huu vkx ns[kh gS ¼eS ogk¡ tkrk gw¡½ D;k vtc gS ogk¡ ls¼jkLrs dh½ dqN [k+cj ykÅ¡ ;k vkx dh dksbZ fpaxkjh ¼ysrk vkÅ¡½ rkfd rqe yksx rkiks ¼29½x+jt+ tc ewlk vkx ds ikl vk, rks eSnku ds nkfgus fdukjs ls bl eqckjd txg esa ,d nj[+rls mUgsa vkokt+ vk;h fd ,s ewlk blesa 'kd ugha fd eS gh vYykg lkjs tgk¡ dk ikyus okyk gw¡¼30½vkSj ;g ¼Hkh vkokt+ vk;h½ fd rqe vkiuh NM+h ¼t+ehu ij½ Mky nks fQj tc ¼Mky fn;k rks½ns[kk fd og bl rjg cy [kk jgh gS fd xks;k og ¼ft+Unk½ vtngk gS rks ihB Qsjds Hkkxs vkSjihNs eqM+dj Hkh u ns[kk ¼rks geus Qjek;k½ ,s ewlk vkxs vkvks vkSj Mjks ugha rqe ij gj rjgveu o veku esa gks ¼31½¼vPNk vkSj yks½ viuk gkFk xjscku esa Mkyks ¼vkSj fudky yks½ rks lQsn cqjkZd+ gksdj cs,scfudy vk;k vkSj [k+kSQ dh ¼otg½ ls vius cktw+ viuh rjQ lesV yks ¼rkfd [k+kSQ tkrk jgs½x+jt+ ;s nksuksa ¼vlk o ;ns cSt+k½ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls ¼rqEgkjh uqcwor dh½ nks nyhysa

fQjvkÅu vkSj mlds njckj ds ljnkjksa ds okLrs gSa vkSj blesa 'kd ugha fd og cndkj yksx Fks¼32½ewlk us vt+Z dh ijojfnxkj eSus muesa ls ,d 'k[+l dks ekj Mkyk Fkk rks eS Mjrk gw¡ dgha¼mlds cnys½ eq>s u ekj Mkysa ¼33½vkSj esjk HkkbZ gk#u og eq>ls ¼t+cku esa T+;knk½ Q+lhg gS rks rw mls esjs lkFk esjk ennxkjcukdj Hkst fd og esjh rlnhd djs D;ksafd ;d+huu eS bl ckr ls Mjrk gw¡ fd eq>s og yksx>qByk nsaxs ¼rks muds tokc ds fy, xks;kb dh t+#jr gS½ ¼34½SQ+jek;k vPNk ge vud+jhc rqEgkjs HkkbZ dh otg ls rqEgkjs ckt+w d+oh dj nsxsa vkSj rqe nksuksa dks,slk x+yck vrk djsaxsa fd fQjvkÅuh yksx rqe nksuksa rd gekjs ekSftt+s dh otg ls igq¡p Hkh uldsaxs yks tkvks rqe nksuks vkSj rqEgkjs iSjoh djus okys xk+fyc jgsaxs ¼35½x+jt+ tc ewlk gekjs okts+, o jkS'ku ekSftt+s ysdj muds ikl vk, rks og yksx dgus yxs fd ;srks cl vius fny dk xfy;k Fkk fd gekjh ckjxkg es og dHkh iyV dj ugh vk,¡xs ¼39½rks geus mldks vkSj mlds y'dj dks ys Mkyk fQj mu lcdks nfj;k esa Mky fn;k rks ¼,sjlwy½ t+jk ns[kksa rks fd t+kfyeksa dk dSlk cqjk vUtke gqvk ¼40½

vkSj geus mudks ¼xqejkgksa dk½ is'kok cuk;k fd ¼yksxksa dks½ tgUuqe dh rjQ cqykrs gS vkSjd+;ker ds fnu ¼,sls csdl gksxsa fd½ mudks fdlh rjg dh enn u nh tk,xh ¼41½vkSj geus nqfu;k esa Hkh rks ykur mu ds ihNs yxk nh gS vkSj d+;ker ds fnu muds psgjs fcxkM+fn, tk;saxs ¼42½vkSj geus cgqrsjh vxyh mEerksa dks gykd dj Mkyk mlds ckn ewlk dks fdrkc ¼rkSjSr½ vrk dhtks yksxksa ds fy, vtljrkik clhjr vkSj fgnk;r vkSj jger Fkh rkfd og yksx bcjr o ulhgrgkfly djsa ¼43½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ ftl oD+r geus ewlk ds ikl viuk gqDe Hkstk Fkk rks rqe ¼rwj ds½ ex+fjchtkfuc ekStwn u Fks vkSj u rqe mu okD+;kr dks p'enhn ns[kus okyksa esa ls Fks ¼44½exj geus ¼ewlk ds ckn½ cgqrsjh mEersa iSnk dh fQj mu ij ,d t+ekuk njkt+ xqt+j x;k vkSj urqe enSu ds yksxksa esa jgs Fks fd muds lkeus gekjh vk;rs i

fd eS Hkh ml ij py¡w fQj vxj ;s yksx ¼bl ij Hkh½ u ekusa rks le> yks fd ;s yksx clviuh gok o gol dh iSjoh djrs gS vkSj tks 'k[+l vYykg dh fgnk;r dks NksM+ dj viuhgok o gol dh iSjoh djrs gS mlls T+;knk xqejkg dkSu gksxk cs'kd [+k+qnk ljd'k yksxksa dkseaft+ys ed+lwn rd ugha igq¡pk;k djrk ¼50½vkSj ge ;d+huu yxkrkj ¼vius ,gdke Hkstdj½ mudh ulhgr djrs jgs rkfd og yksx ulhgrgkfly djsa ¼51½ftu yksxksa dks geus blls igys fdrkc vrk dh gS og ml ¼d++qjku½ ij beku ykrs gSa ¼52½vkSj tc muds lkeus ;s i

muds lkeus gekjh vk;rsa u ikus ij½ D;k tokc fn;k ¼65½rc ml fnu mUgsa ckrsa u lw> iMs+xh ¼vkSj½ fQj ckge ,d nwljs ls iwN Hkh u ldsxsa ¼66½exj gk¡ ftl 'k[+l us rkSck dj yh vkSj beku yk;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, rks d+jhc gSfd ;s yksx viuh eqjknsa ikus okyksa ls gksaxs ¼67½vkSj rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj tks pkgrk gS iSnk djrk gS vkSj ¼ftls pkgrk gS½ eqUrf[k+c djrk gS vkSj;s bUfr[k+kc yksxksa ds ,[+fr;kj esa ugha gS vkSj ftl pht+ dks ;s yksx [+k+qnk dk 'kjhd cukrs gSamlls vYykg ikd vkSj ¼dgha½ cjrj gS ¼68½

vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ ;s yksx tks ckrsa vius fnyksa esa fNikrs gSa vkSj tks dqN t+kfgj djrs gSa rqEgkjkijojfnxkj [kwc tkurk gS ¼69½vkSj ogh vYykg gS mlds flok dksbZ d+kfcys ijlfr'k ugha nqfu;k vkSj vkf[k+jr esa ml dhrkjhQ+ gS vkSj mldh gqdwer gS vkSj rqe yksx ¼ejus ds ckn½ mldh rjQ ykSVk, tkvksxs ¼70½¼,s jlwy bu yksxksa ls½ dgks fd Hkyk rqeus ns[kk fd vxj vYykg ges'kk ds fy, d+;ker rdrqEgkjs ljksa ij jkr dks Nk, jgrk rks vYykg ds flok dkSu vYykg gS tks rqEgkjs ikl jkS'kuh ysvkrk rks D;k rqe lqurs ugha gks ¼71½¼,s jlwy mu ls½ dg nks fd Hkyk rqeus ns[kk fd vxj [+k+qnk d+;ker rd cjkcj rqEgkjs ljksa ijfnu fd, jgrk rks vYykg ds flok dkSu [+k+qnk gS tks rqEgkjs fy, jkr dks ys vkrk fd rqe yksxblesa jkr dks vkjke djks rks D;k rqe yksx ¼bruk Hkh½ ugha ns[krs ¼72½vkSj mlus viuh esgjckuh ls rqEgkjs okLrs jkr vkSj fnu dks cuk;k rkfd rqe jkr esa vkjke djksvkSj fnu esa mlds Qt+y o dje ¼jkst+h½ dh ryk'k djks vkSj rkfd rqe yksx 'kqØ djks ¼73½vkSj ¼ml fnu dks ;kn djks½ ftl fnu og mUgsa iqdkj dj iwNsxk ftudks rqe yksx esjk 'kjhd[+;ky djrs Fks og ¼vkt½ dgk¡ gSa ¼74½vkSj ge gj ,d mEer ls ,d xokg ¼iSx+Ecj½ fudkys ¼lkeus cqyk,¡xs½ fQj ¼ml fnu eq'kjsdhuls½ dgsaxs fd viuh ¼cjkvr dh½ nyhy is'k djks rc mUgsa ekywe gks tk,xk fd gd+ [+k+qnk ghdh rjQ+ gS vkSj tks bQ+rsjk ijokft+;k¡ ;s yksx fd;k djrs Fks lc muls x+k;c gks tk,¡xh ¼75½¼uk'kqØh dk ,d fd+Llk lquks½ ewlk dh d+kSe ls ,d 'k[+l dk#u ¼ukeh½ Fkk rks mlus mu ijljd'kh 'kq# dh vkSj geus mldks bl d+nj [k+t+kus vrk fd, Fks fd mudh dqfUt;k¡ ,d ldrnkjtekvr ¼dh tkevr½ dks mBkuk nwHkj gks tkrk Fkk tc ¼,d ckj½ mldh d+kSe us mlls dgk fd¼viuh nkSyr ij½ brjk er D;ksafd vYykg brjkus okyksa dks nksLr ugha j[krk ¼76½vkSj tks dqN [+k+qnk us rw>s ns j[kk gS mlesa vkf[k+jr ds ?kj dh Hkh tqLrtw dj vkSj nqfu;k lsftl d+nj rsjk fgLlk gS er Hkwy tk vkSj ftl rjg vYykg us rsjs lkFk ,glku fd;k gS rw HkhvkSjksa ds lkFk ,glku dj vkSj #, t+ehu esa Qlkn dk [+okgk u gks&blesa 'kd ugha fd [+k+qnkQ+lkn djus okyksa dks nksLr ugha j[krk ¼77½

ks d+k#u dgus yxk fd ;s ¼eky o nkSyr½ rks eq>s vius bYe ¼dhfe;k½ dh otg ls gkflygksrk gS D;k d+k#u us ;s Hkh u [+;ky fd;k fd vYykg mlds igys mu yksxksa dks gykd+ djpqdk gS tks mlls d+w+or vkSj gSfl;r esa dgha c

jQ ls fdrkc ukft+y dh tk,xh exj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh esgjckuh ls ukft+y gq;h rks rqegjfx+t+ dkfQjksa dss iq'r iukg u cuuk ¼86½dgha ,slk u gks ,gdkes [+k+qnk oUnh ukft+y gksus ds ckn rqedks ;s yksx mudh rcyhx+ ls jksd nsavkSj rqe vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ¼yksxksa dks½ cqykrs tkvks vkSj [k+cjnkj eq'kjsdhu ls gjfxt+ ugksuk ¼87½vkSj [+k+qnk ds flok fdlh vkSj ekcwn dh ijlfr'k u djuk mlds flok dksbZ d+kfcys ijlfr'k ughamldh t+kr ds flok gj pht+ Quk gksus okyh gS mldh gqdwer gS vkSj rqe yksx mldh rjQ+¼ejus ds ckn½ ykSVk;s tkvksxs ¼88½

29 lwjg vudcwrlwjg vudcwr eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh mUgÙkj ¼69½ vk;rsa gSa vkSj lkr #dw gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvfyQ+ yke ehe ¼1½D;k yksxksa us ;s le> fy;k gS fd ¼flQZ½ bruk dg nsus ls fd ge bZeku yk, NksM+ fn, tk,¡xsvkSj mudk bErsgku u fy;k tk,xk ¼2½vkSj geus rks mu yksxksa dk Hkh bfErgku fy;k tks muls igys xqt+j x, x+jt+ vYykg mu yksxksadks tks lPps ¼fny ls beku yk,½ gSa ;d+huu vygk,nk ns[ksxk vkSj >wBksa dks Hkh ¼vygk,nk½ t+#jns[ksxk ¼3½D;k tks yksx cqjs cqjs dke djrs gSa mUgksaus ;s le> fy;k gS fd og gels ¼cpdj½ fudytk,¡xs ¼vxj ,slk gS rks½ ;s yksx D;k gh cqjs gqDe yxkrs gSa ¼4½tks 'k[+l vYykg ls feyus ¼d+;ker ds vkus½ dh mEehn j[krk gS rks ¼le> j[ks fd½ vYykgdh ¼eqd+jZj dh gq;h½ eh;kn t+#j vkus okyh gS vkSj og ¼lcdh½ lqurk ¼vkSj½ tkurk gS ¼5½vkSj tks 'k[+l ¼bcknr esa½ dksf'k'k djrk gS rks cl vius gh okLrs dksf'k'k djrk gS ¼D;ksafd½blesa rks 'kd gh ugha fd vYykg lkjs tgk¡u ¼dh bcknr½ ls csfu;kt+ gS ¼6½vkSj ftu yksxksa us beku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, ge ;d+huu muds xqukgksa dhrjQ ls dQkjk d+jkj nsxsa vkSj ;s ¼nqfu;k esa½ tks vkeky djrs Fks ge muds vkeky dh mUgsavPNh ls vPNh tt+k vrk djsaxs ¼7½vkSj geus bUlku dks vius ek¡ cki ls vPNk cjrko djus dk gqDe fn;k gS vkSj ¼;s Hkh fd½vxj rq>s rsjs ek¡ cki bl ckr ij etcwj djsa fd ,slh pht+ dks esjk 'kjhd cuk ftu ¼ds'kjhd gksus½ dk eq>s bYe rd ugha rks mudk dguk u ekuuk rqe lcdks ¼vkf[k+j ,d fnu½ esjhrjQ ykSV dj vkuk gS eS tks dqN rqe yksx ¼nqfu;k esa½ djrs Fks crk nw¡xk ¼8½

vkSj ftu yksxksa us beku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, ge mUgsa ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ t+#jusdks dkjksa esa nkf[k+y djsaxs ¼9½vkSj dqN yksx ,sls Hkh gSa tks ¼t+cku ls rks½ dg nsrs gSa fd ge [+k+qnk ij beku yk, fQj tcmudks vYykg ds ckjs esa dqN rdyhQ+ igq¡ph rks og yksxksa dh rdyhQ+ nsgh dks vt+kc dscjkcj Bgjkrs gSa vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ vxj rqEgkjs ikl rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh enn vk igq¡ph vkSj rqEgsaQrsg gq;h rks ;gh yksx dgus yxrs gSa fd ge Hkh rks rqEgkjs lkFk gh lkFk Fks Hkyk tks dqNlkjs tgk¡u ds fnyksa esa gS D;k vYykg c[k+wch okfd+Q ugha ¼t+#j gS½ ¼10½vkSj ftu yksxksa us beku d+qcwy fd;k vYykg mudks ;d+huu tkurk gS vkSj equkQs+d+hu dks Hkht+#j tkurk gS ¼11½vkSj dqQkj beku okyksa ls dgus yxs fd gekjs rjhd+s ij pyks vkSj ¼d+;ker esa½ rqEgkjs xqukgksa¼ds cks>½ dks ge ¼vius lj½ ys ysaxs gkykWfd ;s yksx t+jk Hkh rks muds xqukg mBkus okys ugha;s yksx ;d+huh >wBs gSa ¼12½vkSj ¼gk¡½ ;s yksx vius ¼xqukg ds½ cks>s rks ;d+huh mBk,¡xsa gh vkSj vius cks>ks ds lkFk ftUgsaxqejkg fd;k muds cks>s Hkh mBk,¡xs vkSj tks bfQ+rsjk ijnkft+;k ;s yksx djrs jgs gSa d+;ker dsfnu mu ls t+#j mldh ckt+iqlZ gksxh ¼13½vkSj geus uwg dks mudh d+kSe ds ikl ¼iSx+Ecj cukdj½ Hkstk rks og muesa ipkl de gt+kj cjljgs ¼vkSj fgnk;r fd;k fd, vkSj tc u ekuk½ rks vkf[k+j rwQku us mUgsa ys Mkyk vkSj og mloD+r Hkh ljd'k gh Fks ¼14½fQj geus uwg vkSj d'rh esa jgus okyksa dks cpk fy;k vkSj geus bl okfd+;s dks lkjh [+k+qnkbZ dsokLrs ¼viuh +d+qnjr dh½ fu'kkuh d+jkj nh ¼15½vkSj bcjkghe dks ¼;kn djks½ tc mUgksaus dgk fd ¼HkkbZ;ksa½ vYykg dh bcknr djks vkSj mllsMjks vxj rqe le>rs cw>rs gks rks ;gh rqEgkjs gd+ esa csgrj gS ¼16½¼exj½ rqe yksx rks vYykg dks NksM+dj flQZ cqrksa dh ijlfr'k djrs gSa vkSj >wBh ckrsa ¼viusfny ls½ x

cknr Hkh djks mldk 'kqØ djks ¼D;ksafd½ rqe yksx ¼,d fnu½ mlh dh rjQ ykSVk, tkvksxs¼17½vkSj ¼,s ,gys eDdk½ vxj rqeus ¼esjs jlwy dks½ >qByk;k rks ¼dqN ijokg ugha½ rqels igys Hkhrks cgqrsjh mEers ¼vius iSx+Ecjksa dks½ >qByk pqdh gSa vkSj jlwy ds ft+Ees rks flQZ ¼,gd+ke dk½igq¡pk nsuk gS ¼18½cl D;k mu yksxksa us bl ij x+kSj ugha fd;k fd vYykg fdl rjg e[k+ywdkr dks igys igyiSnk djrk gS vkSj fQj mldks nksckjk iSnk djsxk ;s rks vYykg ds ut+nhd cgqr vklku ckr gS¼19½¼,s jlwy bu yksxksa ls½ rqe dg nks fd t+jk #, t+ehu ij pyfQj dj ns[kks rks fd vYykg usfdl rjg igys igy e[k+ywd dks iSnk fd;k fQj ¼mlh rjg ogh½ vYykg ¼d+;ker ds fnu½vkf[kjh iSnkb'k iSnk djsxk& cs'kd vYykg gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼20½ftl ij pkgs vt+kc djs vkSj ftl ij pkgs jge djs vkSj rqe yksx ¼lc ds lc½ mlh dhrjQ ykSVk, tkvksxs ¼21½vkSj u rks rqe t+ehu gh esa vYykg dks t+sj dj ldrs gks vkSj u vkleku esa vkSj vYykg dsflok u rks rqEgkjk dksbZ ljijLr gS vkSj u ennxkj ¼22½vkSj ftu yksxksa us vYykg dh vk;rksa vkSj ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ mlds lkeus gkft+j gksus ls bUdkjfd;k esjh jger ls ek;wl gks x, gSa vkSj mUgha yksxksa ds okLrs nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼23½x+jt+ bcjkghe dh d+kSe ds ikl ¼bu ckrksa dk½ blds flok dksbZ tokc u Fkk fd ckge dgusyxs bldks ekj Mkyks ;k tyk ¼dj [k+kd½ dj Mkyks ¼vkf[k+j og dj xqt+js½ rks vYykg usmudks vkx ls cpk fy;k blesa 'kd ugha fd nqfu;knkj yksxksa ds okLrs bl okfd;s esa ¼dqnjrsvYykg dh½ cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼24½vkSj bcjkghe us ¼viuh d+kSe ls½ dgk fd rqe yksxksa us vYykg dks NksM+dj cqrks dks flQZ nqfu;kdh ft+Unxh esa ckge eksgCr djus dh otg ls ¼vYykg½ cuk j[kk gS fQj d+;ker ds fnu rqeesa ls ,d dk ,d budkj djsxk vkSj ,d nwljs ij ykur djsxk vkSj ¼vkf[k+j½ rqe yksxksa dkfBdkuk tgUuqe gS vkSj ¼ml oD+r rqEgkjk dksbZ Hkh ennxkj u gksxk½ ¼25½

c flQZ ywr bcjkghe ij beku yk, vkSj bcjkghe us dgk eS rks nsl dks NksM+dj viusijojfnxkj dh rjQ ¼tgk¡ mldks eat+wj gks ½ fudy tkÅ¡xk ¼26½bles 'kd ugha fd og x+kfyc ¼vkSj½ fgder okyk gS vkSj geus bcjkghe dks blgkd+ ¼lk csVk½vkSj ;kd+wc ¼lk iksrk½ vrk fd;k vkSj mudh uLy esa iSx+Ecjh vkSj fdrkc d+jkj nh vkSj ge ubcjkghe dsk nqfu;k esa Hkh vPNk cnyk vrk fd;k vkSj og rks vk[k+sjr esa Hkh ;d+huh usdks dkjksals gSa ¼27½¼vkSj ,s jlwy½ ywr dks ¼;kn djks½ tc mUgksaus viuh d+kSe ls dgk fd rqe yksx vtc csg;kbZdk dke djrs gks fd rqels igys lkjh [kq+nk;h ds yksxksa esa ls fdlh us ugha fd;k ¼28½rqe yksx ¼vkSjrksa dks NksM+dj dt+k, 'kgor ds fy,½ enksZa dh rjQ fxjrs gks vkSj ¼eqlkfQjksa dh½jgtuh djrs gks vkSj rqe yksx viuh egfQyksa esa cqjh cqjh gjdrs djrs gks rks ¼bu lc ckrksadk½ ywr dh d+kSe ds ikl blds flok dksbZ tokc u Fkk fd og yksx dgus yxs fd Hkyk vxjrqe lPps gks rks ge ij vYykg dk vt+kc rks ys vkvks ¼29½rc ywr us nqvk dh fd ijojfnxkj bu eqQ+fln yksxksa ds eqd+kcys esa esjh enn dj ¼30½¼ml oD+r vt+kc dh rS;kjh gq;h½ vkSj tc gekjs Hksts gq, Q+fj'rs bcjkghe ds ikl ¼cq

vkSj geus ;d+huh ml ¼myVh gq;h cLrh½ esa ls le>nkj yksxksa ds okLrs ¼bcjr dh½ ,d okt+s,o jkS'ku fu'kkuh ckd+h j[kh gS ¼35½vkSj ¼geus½ efn;u ds jgus okyksa ds ikl muds HkkbZ 'kq,c dks iSx+Ecj cukdj Hkstk mUgksaus ¼viuhd+kSe ls½ dgk ,s esjh d+kSe vYykg dh bcknr djks vkSj jkst+s vk[ks+jr dh mEehn j[kks vkSj #,t+ehu esa Q+lkn u QSykrs fQjks ¼36½rks mu yksxksa us 'kq,sc dks >qByk;k il t+yt+ys ¼Hkwpky½ us mUgsa ys Mkyk& rks og yksx vius?kjksa esa vkSa/ks t+kuw ds cy iM+s jg x, ¼37½vkSj d+kSe vkn vkSj lewn dks ¼Hkh gykd dj Mkyk½ vkSj ¼,s ,gys eDdk½ rqe dks rks muds¼mtM+s gq,½ ?kj Hkh ¼jkLrk vkrs tkrs½ ekywe gks pqds vkSj 'kSrku us mudh ut+j esa muds dkeksadks vPNk dj fn[kk;k Fkk vkSj mUgsa ¼lh/kh½ jkg ¼pyus½ ls jksd fn;k Fkk gkykWfd og cM+sgksf'k;kj Fks ¼38½vkSj ¼ge gh us½ d+k#u o fQjvkÅu o gkeku dks Hkh ¼gykd dj Mkyk½ gkykWfd mu yksxksa dsikl ewlk okts+, o jkS'ku ekSftt+s ysdj vk, fQj Hkh ;s yksx #, t+ehu esa ljd'kh djrs fQjsvkSj gels ¼fudy dj½ dgha vkxs u c

vYykg us lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu dks fcYdqy Bhd iSnk fd;k blesa 'kd ugha fd mlesabekunkjksa ds okLrs ¼dqnjrs vYykg dh½ ;d+huh cM+h fu'kkuh gS ¼44½¼,s jlwy½ tks fdrkc rqEgkjs ikl ukft+y dh x;h gS mldh frykor djks vkSj ikcUnh ls uekt+i

vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqels yksx vt+kc ds ukft+y gksus dh tYnh djrs gSa vkSj vxj ¼vt+kc dk½oD+r eqv¸;u u gksrk rks ;d+huu muds ikl vc rd vt+kc vk tkrk vkSj ¼vkf[k+j ,d fnu½mu ij vpkud t+#j vk iM+sxk vkSj mudks [k+cj Hkh u gksxh ¼53½;s yksx rqels vt+kc dh tYnh djrs gSa vkSj ;s ;d+huh ckr gS fd nkst+[k+ dkfQjksa dks ¼bl rjg½?ksj dj jgsxh ¼fd #d u ldsaxs½ ¼54½ftl fnu vt+kc muds lj ds Åij ls vkSj muds ikWo ds uhps ls mudks rs¼63½

vkSj ;s nqfu;k dh ft+Unxh rks [ksy rek'ks ds flok dqN ugha vkSj exj ;s yksx le>sa cw>sa rksbles 'kd ugha fd vcnh ft+Unxh ¼dh txg½ rks cl vk[k+sjr dk ?kj gS ¼ckd+h yx+ks½ ¼64½fQj tc ;s yksx d'rh esa lokj gksrs gSa rks fugk;r [k+qywl ls mldh bcknr djus okys cu dj[+k+qnk ls nqvk djrs gSa fQj tc mUgsa [+kq'dh esa ¼igq¡pk dj½ utkr nsrk gS rks QkSju f'kdZ djusyxrs gSa ¼65½rkfd tks ¼usversa½ geus mUgsa vrk dh gSa mudk bUdkj dj cSBsa vkSj rkfd ¼nqfu;k esa½ [+kwc pSudj ysa rks vud+jhc gh ¼bldk urhtk½ mUgsa ekywe gks tk,xk ¼66½D;k mu yksxksa us bl ij x+kSj ugha fd;k fd geus gje ¼eDdk½ dks veu o bResuku dh txgcuk;k gkykWfd muds fxnZ o uokg ls yksx mpd ys tkrs gSa rks D;k ;s yksx >wBs ekcwnksa ijbZeku ykrs gSa vkSj [+k+qnk dh usver dh uk'kqØh djrs gSa ¼67½vkSj tks 'k[+l [+k+qnk ij >wB cksgrku cWk/ks ;k tc mlds ikl dksbZ lPph ckr vk, rks >qByk nsblls c

30 lwjg jkselwjg jkse eDds esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh lkB ¼60½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvfyQ+ yke ehe ¼1½¼;gk¡ ls½ cgqr d+jhc ds eqYd esa jkseh ¼ulkjk ,gys Q+kjl vkfr'k ijLrksa ls½ gkj x, ¼2½exj ;s yksx vud+jhc gh vius gkj tkus ds ckn pUn lkyksa esa fQj ¼,gys Q+kjl ij½ x+kfycvk tk,¡xs ¼3½D;ksafd ¼blls½ igys vkSj ckn ¼x+jt+ gj t+ekus esa½ gj vez dk ,[+rs;kj vYykg gh dks gS vkSjml fnu bZekunkj yksx vYykg dh enn ls [kq'k gks tk,¡xs ¼4½og ftldh pkgrk gS enn djrk gS vkSj og ¼lc ij½ x+kfyc jge djus okyk gS ¼5½¼;s½ [+k+qnk dk ok;nk gS½ [+k+qnk vius ok;ns ds f[k+ykQ ugha fd;k djrk exj vdlj yksx ughatkurs gSa ¼6½;s yksx cl nqfu;koh ft+Unxh dh t+kfgjh gkyr dks tkurs gSa vkSj ;s yksx vk[ks+jr ls fcYdqyx+kfQy gSa ¼7½D;k mu yksxksa us vius fny esa ¼bruk Hkh½ x+kSj ugha fd;k fd vYykg us lkjs vkleku vkSjt+ehu dks vkSj tks phts+ mu nksuksa ds njes;ku esa gSa cl fcYdqy Bhd vkSj ,d eqd+jZj fe;kn dsokLrs iSnk fd;k gS vkSj dqN 'kd ugha fd cgqrsjs yksx rks vius ijojfnxkj dh ¼ckjxkg½ dsgqt+wj esa ¼d+;ker½ gh dks fdlh rjg ugha ekurs ¼8½D;k ;s yksx #, t+ehu ij pys fQjs ugha fd ns[krs fd tks yksx buls igys xqt+j x, mudkvUtke dSlk ¼cqjk½ gqvk gkykWfd tks yksx muls igys d+wor esa Hkh dgha T+;knk Fks vkSj ftld+nj t+ehu mu yksxksa us vkckn dh gS mlls dgha T+;knk ¼t+ehu dh½ mu yksxksa us dk'r Hkh dhFkh vkSj mldks vkckn Hkh fd;k Fkk vkSj muds ikl Hkh muds iSx+Ecj okt+s, o jkS'ku ekSftt+s

ysdj vk pqds Fks ¼exj mu yksxksa us u ekuk½ rks vYykg us mu ij dksbZ t+qYe ugha fd;k exjog yksx ¼dqÝ o ljd'kh ls½ vki vius Åij t+qYe djrs jgs ¼9½fQj ftu yksxksa us cqjkbZ dh Fkh mudk vUtke cqjk gh gqvk D;ksafd mu yksxksa us vYykg dhvk;rksa dks >qByk;k Fkk vkSj muds lkFk el[kjk iu fd;k fd, ¼10½vYykg gh us e[k+ywdkr dks igyh ckj iSnk fd;k fQj ogh nqckjk ¼iSnk djsxk½ fQj rqe lcyksx mlh dh rjQ ykSVk, tkvksxs ¼11½vkSj ftl fnu d+;ker cjik gksxh ¼ml fnu½ xqusgxkj yksx uk mEehn gksdj jg tk,¡xs ¼12½vkSj muds ¼cuk, gq, vYykg ds½ 'kjhdksa esa ls dksbZ mudk flQkfj'kh u gksxk vkSj ;s yksx [+k+qnHkh vius 'kjhdksa ls bUdkj dj tk,¡xs ¼13½vkSj ftl fnu d+;ker cjik gksxh ml fnu ¼eksfeuksa ls½ dq+Q+kj tqnk gks tk,¡xsa ¼14½fQj ftu yksxksa us bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, rks og ckx+s csg'r esa fugkydj fn, tk,¡xs ¼15½exj ftu yksxksa ds dqÝ ,[+rs;kj fd;k vkSj gekjh vk;rksa vkSj vk[ks+jr dh gqt+wjh dks >qByk;k rks;s yksx vt+kc esa fxjrkj fd, tk,¡xs ¼16½fQj ftl oD+r rqe yksxksa dh 'kke gks vkSj ftl oD+r rqEgkjh lqcg gks vYykg dh ikdht+xht+kfgj djks ¼17½vkSj lkjs vkleku o t+ehu esa rhljs igj dks vkSj ftl oD+r rqe yksxksa dh nksigj gks tk, oghd+kfcys rkjhQ+ gS ¼18½ogh ft+Unk dks eqnsZ ls fudkyrk gS vkSj ogh eqnsZ dks ftUn+k ls iSnk djrk gS vkSj t+ehu dks ejus¼ijrh gksus½ ds ckn ft+Unk ¼vkckn½ djrk gS vkSj blh rjg rqe yksx Hkh ¼ejus ds ckn fudkystkvksxs½ ¼19½vkSj ml ¼dh dq+njr½ dh fu'kkfu;ksa esa ;s Hkh gS fd mlus rqedks feêh ls iSnk fd;k fQj;dk;d rqe vkneh cudj ¼t+ehu ij½ pyus fQjus yxs ¼20½

vkSj mlh dh ¼d++qnjr½ dh fu'kkfu;ksa esa ls ,d ;s ¼Hkh½ gS fd mlus rqEgkjs okLrs rqEgkjh ghftUl dh chfo;k¡ iSnk dh rkfd rqe muds lkFk jgdj pSu djks vkSj rqe yksxksa ds njes;ku I;kjvkSj myQ+r iSnk dj nh blesa 'kd ugha fd blesa x+kSj djus okyksa ds okLrs ¼d+q+njrs [+k+qnk dh½;d+huh cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼21½vkSj ml ¼dh dqnjr½ dh fu'kkfu;ksa esa vklekuks vkSj t+ehu dk iSnk djuk vkSj rqEgkjh t+ckuksvkSj jaxrks dk ,[k+rsykQ Hkh gS ;dh+uu blesa okfd+Qdkjksa ds fy, cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼22½vkSj jkr vkSj fnu dks rqEgkjk lksuk vkSj mlds Qt+y o dje ¼jkst+h½ dh ryk'k djuk Hkhmldh ¼d++qnjr dh½ fu'kkfu;ksa ls gS cs'kd tks yksx lqurs gSa muds fy, blesa ¼d++qnjrs [+k+qnk dh½cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼23½vkSj mlh dh ¼d++qnjr dh½ fu'kkfu;ksa esa ls ,d ;s Hkh gS fd og rqedks Mjkus okyk mEehn ykusds okLrs fctyh fn[kkrk gS vkSj vkleku ls ikuh cjlkrk gS vkSj mlds t+fj, ls t+ehu dks mldsijrh gksus ds ckn vkckn djrk gS cs'kd vD+yeanksa ds okLrs blesa ¼d+qnjrs [+k+qnk dh½ cgqr lhnyhysa gSa ¼24½vkSj mlh dh ¼d++qnjr dh½ fu'kkfu;ksa esa ls ,d ;s Hkh gS fd vkleku vkSj t+ehu mlds gqDe lsd+k;e gSa fQj ¼ejus ds ckn½ ftl oD+r rqedks ,d ckj cqyk,xk rks rqe lcds lc t+ehu ls¼ft+Unk gks gksdj½ fudy iM+ksxs ¼25½vkSj tks yksx vklekuksa esa gS lc mlh ds gS vkSj lc mlh ds rkcs, Qjeku gSa ¼26½vkSj og ,slk ¼d+kfnjs eqÙkfyd+ gS tks e[k+ywdkr dks igyh ckj iSnk djrk gS fQj nksckjk ¼d+;kerds fnu½ iSnk djsxk vkSj ;s ml ij cgqr vklku gS vkSj lkjs vkleku o tehu lcls ckykrjmlh dh 'kku gS vkSj ogh ¼lc ij½ x+kfyc fgder okyk gS ¼27½vkSj geus ¼rqEgkjs le>kus ds okLrs½ rqEgkjh gh ,d felky c;ku dh gS geus tks dqN rqEgs vrkfd;k gS D;k mlesa rqEgkjh ykSUMh xq+ykeksa esa ls dksbZ ¼Hkh½ rqEgkjk 'kjhd gS fd ¼og vkSj½ rqemlesa cjkcj gks tkvks ¼vkSj D;k½ rqe muls ,slk gh [k+kSQ j[krs gks ftruk rqEgsa vius yksxksa dk¼gd+ fgLlk u nsus esa½ [k+kSQ gksrk gS fQj cUnksa dks vYykg dk 'kjhd D;ksa cukrs gks½ vD+yeUnksa ds okLrs ge ;w¡ viuh vk;rksa dks rQlhynkj c;ku djrs gSa ¼28½exj ljd'kksa us rks cxS+j le>s cw>s viuh uQfl;kuh [+okfg'kksa dh iSjoh dj yh ¼vkSj [+k+qnk dk

'kjhd Bgjk fn;k½ x+jt+ vYykg ftls xqejkgh esa NksM+ ns ¼fQj½ mls dkSu jkgs jkLr ij ykldrk gS vkSj mudk dksbZ ennxkj ¼Hkh½ ugha ¼29½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ckfry ls drjk ds viuk #[k+ nhu dh rjQ fd, jgks ;gh vYykg dhcukoV gS ftl ij mlus yksxksa dks iSnk fd;k gS [+k+qnk dh ¼nq#Lr dh gq;h½ cukoV esa rx+¸;qjrcn~nqy ¿myV QsjÀ ugha gks ldrk ;gh et+cwr vkSj ¼fcYdqy lh/kk½ nhu gS exj cgqr ls yksxugha tkurs gSa ¼30½mlh dh rjQ #tw gksdj ¼vYykg dh bcknr djks½ vkSj mlh ls Mjrs jgks vkSj ikcUnh ls uekt+i

vkSj rqe yksx tks lwn nsrs gks rkfd yksxksa ds eky ¼nkSyr½ esa rjDd+h gks rks ¼;kn jgs fd ,slkeky½ vYykg ds ;gkW Qwyrk Qyrk ugh vkSj rqe yksx tks [+k+qnk dh [+kq'kuwnh ds bjkns ls t+dkrnsrs gks rks ,sls gh yksx ¼vYykg dh ckjxkg ls½ nwuk nwu ysus okys gSa ¼39½vYykg og ¼d+kfnj rokuk gS½ ftlus rqedks iSnk fd;k fQj mlh us jkst+h nh fQj ogh rqedks ekjMkysxk fQj ogh rqedks ¼nksckjk½ ft+Unk djsxk Hkyk rqEgkjs ¼cuk, gq, vYykg ds½ 'kjhdksa esa lsdksbZ Hkh ,slk gS tks bu dkeksa esa ls dqN Hkh dj lds ftls ;s yksx ¼mldk½ 'kjhd cukrs gSa¼40½og mlls ikd o ikdht+k vkSj cjrj gS [+k+qn yksxksa gh ds vius gkFkksa dh dkjLrkfu;ksa dh cnkSyr[k+q'd o rj esa Qlkn QSy x;k rkfd tks dqN ;s yksx dj pqds gSa [+k+qnk mu dks muesa ls ckt+djrwrksa dk et+k p[kk ns rkfd ;s yksx vc Hkh ckt+ vk,¡ ¼41½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd t+jk #, t+ehu ij py fQjdj ns[kks rks fd tks yksx mlds d+Cyxqt+j x, muds ¼vQ+vky½ dk vatke D;k gqvk mues a ls cgqrsjs rks eq'jjsd gh gSa ¼42½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ml fnu ds vkus ls igys tks vYykg dh rjQ ls vkdj jgsxk ¼vkSj½ dksbZmls jksd ugha ldrk viuk #[k+ et+cwr ¼vkSj lh/ks nhu dh rjQ fd, jgks ml fnu yksx ¼ijs'kkugksdj½ vyx vyx gks tk,¡xsa ¼43½tks dkfQ+j cu cSBk ml ij ml ds dqÝ dk ocky gS vkSj ftUgksus vPNs dke fd, og viusgh vklkb'k dk lkeku dj jgsa gS ¼44½rkfd tks yksx bZeku yk, vkSj vPNs vPNs dke fd, mudks [+k+qnk vius Qt+y o ¼dje½ lsvPNh tt+k vrk djsxk og ;d+huu dq+Q+kj ls myQ+r ugha j[krk ¼45½mlh dh ¼d+qnjr½ dh fu'kkfu;ksa esa ls ,d ;s Hkh gS fd og gokvksa dks ¼ckfj'k½ dh [k+q'k[k+cjhds okLrs ¼d+Cy ls½ Hkst fn;k djrk gS vkSj rkfd rqEgsa viuh jger dh yT+t+r p[kk, vkSjblfy, Hkh fd ¼bldh cnkSyr½ d'fr;kWa mlds gqDe ls py [kM+h gks vkSj rkfd rqe mldsQt+y o dje ls ¼viuh jkst+h½ dh ryk'k djks vkSj blfy, Hkh rkfd rqe 'kqØ djks ¼46½vkS ¼,s jlwy½ geus rqels igys vkSj Hkh cgqr ls iSx+Ecj mudh d+kSeksa ds ikl Hksts rks ogiSx+Ecj okt+s, o jkS'ku ysdj vk, ¼exj mu yksxksa us u ekuk½ rks mu eqtfjeksa ls geus ¼[kw+c½cnyk fy;k vkSj ge ij rks eksfeuhu dh enn djuk ykft+e Fkk gh ¼47½

vYykg gh ¼d+kfnj rokuk½ gS tks gokvksa dks Hkstrk gS rks og cknyksa dks mM+k, mM+k, fQjrh gSafQj ogh vYykg ckny dks ftl rjg pkgrk gS vkleku esa QSyk nsrk gS vkSj ¼dHkh½ mldksVqdM+s ¼VqdM+s½ dj nsrk gS fQj rqe ns[krs gks fd cw¡fn;ka mlds njfe;ku ls fudy iM+rh gSa fQjtc [+k+qnk mUgsa vius cUnksa esa ls ftl ij pgrk gS cjlk nsrk gS rks og yksx [kqf'k;k¡ ekkuusyxrs gSa ¼48½vxjps ;s yksx mu ij ¼ckjkus jger½ ukft+y gksus ls igys ¼ckfj'k ls½ 'kq# gh ls fcYdqy ek;wl¼vkSj et+cwj½ Fks ¼49½x+jt+ vYykg dh jger ds vklkj dh rjQ ns[kks rks fd og D;ksdj t+ehu dks mldh ijrh gksusds ckn vkckn djrk gS cs'kd ;d+huh ogh eqnksZ dsk ft+Unk djus okyk vkSj ogh gj pht+ ijd+kfnj gS ¼50½vkSj vxj ge ¼[ksrh dh uqdlku nsg½ gok Hkstsa fQj yskx [ksrh dks ¼mlh gok dh otg ls½ t+nZ¼ijl eqnkZ½ ns[ksa rks og yksx blds ckn ¼QkSju½ uk'kqØh djus yxsa ¼51½¼,s jlwy½ rqe rks ¼viuh½ vkokt+ u eqnksZ gh dks lquk ldrs gks vkSj u cgjksa dks lquk ldrs gks¼[+kqlwlu½ tc og ihB Qsjdj pys tk,¡ ¼52½vkSj u rqe va/kksa dks mudh xqejkgh ls ¼Qsjdj½ jkg ij yk ldrs gks rks rqe rks cl mUgha yksxksadks lquk ¼le>k½ ldrs gks tks gekjh vk;rksa dks fny ls ekusa fQj ;gh yksx bLyke ykus okysgSa ¼53½[kq+nk gh rks gS ftlus rqEgsa ¼,d fugk;r½ det+ksj pht+ ¼uqRQs½ ls iSnk fd;k fQj mlh us ¼rqeesa½ cpius dh det+ksjh ds ckn ¼'kckc dh½ d+wor vrk dh fQj mlh us ¼rqeesa tokuh dh½d+wor ds ckn det+ksjh vkSj cq

ks ml fnu ljd'k yksxksa dks u mudh mtz ekvt+sjr dqN dke vk,xh vkSj u mudh lquokbZgksxh ¼57½vkSj geus rks bl dq+jku esa ¼yksxksa ds le>kus dks½ gj rjg dh fely c;ku dj nh vkSj vxjrqe muds ikl dksbZ lk ekSftt+k ys vkvks ¼58½rks Hkh ;d+huu dq+Q+kj ;gh cksy mBsaxs fd rqe yksx fujs nx+kckt+ gks tks yksx le> ¼vkSj bYe½ugha j[krs muds fnykas ij ut+j djds [+k+qnk ;w rlnhd+ djrk gS ¼fd ;s bZeku u yk,¡xsa½ ¼59½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe lcz djks cs'kd vYykg dk ok;nk lPpk gS vkSj ¼dgha½ ,slk u gks fd tks¼rqEgkjh½ rlnhd+ ugha djrs rqEgsa ¼cgdk dj½ [+kQ+hQ+ djs nsa ¼60½

31 lwjg yqd+ekulwjg yqd+eku eDdk esa ukft+y gqvk vkSj bldh pkSrhl ¼34½ vk;rs gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvfyQ+ yke ehe ¼1½;s lwjk fgder ls Hkjh gq;h fdrkck dh vk;rsa gS ¼2½tks ¼vt+ljrkik½ mu yksxksa ds fy, fgnk;r o jger gS ¼3½tks ikcUnh ls uekt+ vnk djrs gSa vkSj t+dkr nsrs gSa vkSj ogh yksx vkf[k+jr dk Hkh ;d+huj[krs gSa ¼4½;gh yksx vius ijojfnxkj dh fgnk;r ij vkfey gSa vkSj ;gh yksx ¼d+;ker esa½ viuh fnyheqjknsa ik,¡xs ¼5½vkSj yksxksa esa ckt+ ¼ut+j fcu gkfjl½ ,slk gS tks csgwnk fd+Lls ¼dgkfu;k¡½ [k+jhnrk gS rkfd cx+Sjle>s cw>s ¼yksxksa dks½ [+k+qnk dh ¼lh/kh½ jkg ls HkM+dk ns vkSj vk;krsa [+k+qnk ls el[k+jkiu djs ,slsgh yksxksa ds fy, cM+k #lok djus okyk vt+kc gS ¼6½vkSj tc mlds lkeus gekjh vk;rsa i

us gj rjg py fQj djus okys ¼tkuoj½ t+ehu es a QSyk, vkSj geus vkleku ls ikuh cjlk;kvkSj ¼mlds t+fj, ls½ t+ehu esa gj jax ds uQ+hl tksM+s iSnk fd, ¼10½¼,s jlwy muls dg nks fd½ ;s rks [kq+nk dh f[k+yd+r gS fd ¼Hkyk½ rqe yksx eq>s fn[kkvksa rksfd tks ¼tks ekcwn½ vYykg ds flok rqeus cuk j[ks gS mUgksaus D;k iSnk fd;k cfYd ljd'k yksx¼dq+Q+kj½ ljhgh xqejkgh esa ¼iMs+½ gSa ¼11½vkSj ;d+huu ge us yqd+eku dks fgder vrk dh ¼vkSj gqDe fn;k Fkk fd½ rqe [+k+qnk dk 'kqØdjks vkSj tks [+k+qnk dk 'kqØ djsxk&og vius gh Qk;ns ds fy, 'kqØ djrk gS vkSj ftlus uk'kqØhdh rks ¼viuk fcxkM+k½ D;ksadh [+k+qnk rks ¼cgjgky½ cs ijokg ¼vkSj½ d+kfcy genks luk gS ¼12½vkSj ¼og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc yqd+eku us vius csVs ls mldh ulhgr djrs gq, dgk ,s csVk¼[k+cjnkj dHkh fdlh dks½ [+k+qnk dk 'kjhd u cukuk ¼D;ksafd½ f'kdZ ;d+huh cM+k l[+r xqukg gS¼13½¼ftl dh c[+f'k'k ugha½ vkSj geus bUlku dks ftls mldh ek¡ us nq[k ij nq[k lg ds isV esa j[kk¼blds vykok½ nks cjl esa ¼tkds½ mldh nw/k cs bYe Hkh ugha rks rw ¼blesa½ mudh brkvr u djks ¼exj rdyhQ+ u igq¡pkuk½ vkSjnqfu;k ¼ds dkeksa½ esa mudk vPNh rjg lkFk ns vkSj mu yksxksa ds rjhd+s ij py tks ¼gj ckresa½ esjh ¼gh½ rjQ #tw djs fQj ¼rks vkf[k+j½ rqe lcdh #tw esjh gh rjQ gS rc ¼nqfu;k esa½tks dqN rqe djrs Fks ¼15½¼ml oD+r mldk vUtke½ crk nw¡xk ,s csVk blesa 'kd ugha fd og vey ¼vPNk gks ;k cqjk½vxj jkbZ ds cjkcj Hkh gks vkSj fQj og fdlh l[+r iRFkj ds vUnj ;k vkleku esa ;k t+ehues ¼Nqik gqvk½ gks rks Hkh vYykg mls ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ gkft+j dj nsxk cs'kd vYykg cM+kckjhdchu okfd+Qdkj gS ¼16½,s csVk uekt+ ikcUnh ls i

vkSj yksxksa ds lkeus ¼xq+#j ls½ viuk eq¡g u Qqykuk vkSj t+ehu ij vdM+dj u pyuk D;ksafdvYykg fdlh vdM+us okys vkSj brjkus okys dks nksLr ugha j[krk vkSj viuh pky xM+rs gSa ¼gkykWfd muds ikl½ u bYe gS vkSj u fgnk;r gS vkSj u dksbZjkS'ku fdrkc gS ¼20½vkSj tc muls dgk tkrk gS fd tks ¼fdrkc½ [+k+qnk us ukft+y dh gS mldh iSjoh djks rks ¼NwVrsgh½ dgrs gSa fd ugha ge rks mlh ¼rjhd+s ls pysaxs½ ftl ij geus vius cki nknkvksa dks ik;kHkyk vxjps 'kSrku muds cki nknkvksa dks tgUuqe ds vt+kc dh rjQ cqykrk jgk gks ¼rks HkhmUgh dh iSjoh djsaxs½ ¼21½vkSj tks 'k[+l vYykg ds vkxs viuk lj ¼rLyhe½ [k+e djs vkSj og usdksdkj ¼Hkh½ gks rkscs'kd mlus ¼bZeku dh½ et+cwr jLlh idM+ yh vkSj ¼vkf[k+j rks½ lc dkeksa dk vUtke vYykggh dh rjQ gS ¼22½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ tks dkfQj cu cSBs rks rqe mlds dqÝ ls dq

vkSj ftrus nj[+r t+ehu esa gSa lc ds lc d+ye cu tk,¡ vkSj leUnj mldh fl;kgh cusa vkSjmlds ¼[+kRe gksus ds½ ckn vkSj lkr leUnj ¼fl;kgh gks tk,¡ vkSj vYykg dk bYe vkSj mldhckrsa fy[kh tk,¡½ rks Hkh vYykg dh ckrsa [k+Re u gksxha cs'kd vYykg lc ij x+kfyc ¼vkSj½nkuk ¼chuk½ gS ¼27½rqe lcdk iSnk djuk vkSj fQj ¼ejus ds ckn½ ftyk mBkuk ,d 'k[+l ds ¼iSnk djus vkSj ftykmBkus ds½ cjkcj gS cs'kd [+k+qnk ¼rqe lc dh½ lqurk vkSj lc dqN ns[k jgk gS ¼28½D;k rwus ;s Hkh [+;ky u fd;k fd vYykg gh jkr dks ¼c

cs'kd [+k+qnk gh ds ikl d+;ker ¼ds vkus½ dk bYe gS vkSj ogh ¼tc ekSd+k equkflc ns[krk gS½ikuh cjlkrk gS vkSj tks dqN vkSjrksa ds isV esa ¼uj eknk½ gS tkurk gS vkSj dksbZ 'k[+l ¼brukHkh rks½ ugha tkurk fd og [+k+qn dy D;k djsxk vkSj dksbZ 'k[+l ;s ¼Hkh½ ugha tkurk gS fdog fdl lj t+ehu ij ejs ¼xM+s½ xk cs'kd [+k+qnk ¼lc ckrksa ls½ vkxkg [k+cjnkj gS ¼34½

32 lwjg ltnklwjg ltnk eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh rhl vk;rs gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvfyQ+ yke ehe ¼1½bles dqN 'kd ugha fd fdrkc d+qjku dk ukft+y djuk lkjs tgk¡ ds ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls gS¼2½D;k ;s yksx ¼;s dgrs gSa fd bldks bl 'k[+l ¼jlwy½ us viuh th ls x

vkSj ;s yksx dgrs gSa fd tc ge t+ehu esa ukiSn gks tk,¡xs rks D;k ge fQj u;k tUe ysxs¼d+;ker ls ugh½ cfYd ;s yksx vius ijojfnxkj ds ¼lkeus gqt+wjh gh½ ls bUdkj j[krs gSa ¼10½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eYdqyekSr tks rqEgkjs Åij rSukr gS ogh rqEgkjh #gas d+Ct+ djsxkmlds ckn rqe lcds lc vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ykSVk, tkvksxs ¼11½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dks cgqr vQlksl gksxk vxj rqe eqtfjeksa dks ns[kksxs fd og ¼fglkc dsoD+r½ vius ijojfnxkj dh ckjxkg esa vius lj >qdk, [kM+s gSa vkSj¼vt+Z dj jgs gSa½ ijojfnxkjgeus ¼vPNh rjg ns[kk vkSj lqu fy;k rw gesa nqfu;k esa ,d nQk fQj ykSVk ns fd ge usd dkedjsa ¼12½vkSj vc rks gedks ¼d+;ker dk½s iwjk iwjk ;d+hu gS vkSj ¼vYykg Qjek,xk fd½ vxj ge pkgrsrks nqfu;k gh esa gj Ó[+l dks ¼etcwj djds½ jkgs jkLr ij ys vkrs exj esjh rjQ ls ¼jksts+vt+k½ ;s ckr d+jkj ik pqdh gS fd eS tgUuqe dks ftUukr vkSj vknfe;ksa ls Hkj nw¡xk ¼13½rks pw¡fd rqe vkt ds fnu gqt+wjh dks Hkwys cSBs Fks rks vc mldk et+k p[kks geus rqedks d+lnuHkqyk fn;k vkSj tSlh tSlh rqEgkjh djrwrsa Fkha ¼muds cnys½ vc ges'kk ds vt+kc ds et+s p[kks¼14½gekjh vk;rksa ij beku cl ogh yksx ykrs gSa fd ftl oD+r mUgsa og ¼vk;rs½ ;kn fnyk;h x;harks QkSju ltns esa fxj iM+us vkSj vius ijojfnxkj dh gEnks luk dh rLchg i

¼csg'r ds½ ckx+kr gSa ;s lkekus ft+;kQ+r mu dkjxqt+kfj;ksa dk cnyk gS tks og ¼nqfu;k esa½ djpqds Fks ¼19½vkSj ftu yksxksa us cndkjh dh mudk fBdkuk rks ¼cl½ tgUuqe gS og tc mlesa ls fudy tkusdk bjknk djsaxs rks mlh esa fQj qBykrs Fks vc mlds et+s p[kks ¼20½vkSj ge ;d+huh ¼d+;ker ds½ cM+s vt+kc ls igys nqfu;k ds ¼ekewyh½ vt+kc dk et+k p[kk,¡xsatks vud+jhc gksxk rkfd ;s yksx vc Hkh ¼esjh rjQ½ #t+w djsa ¼21½vkSj ftl Ó[+l dks mlds ijojfnxkj dh vk;rsa ;kn fnyk;h tk,¡ vkSj og muls eq¡g Qsj mllscxM+rs jgrs gSa d+;ker dsfnu rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj d+rbZ QSlyk dj nsxk ¼25½D;k mu yksxksa dks ;s ekywe ugha fd geus muls igys fdruh mEerksa dks gykd dj Mkyk ftuds ?kjksa esa ;s yksx py fQj jgsa gSa cs'kd mles ¼dqnjrs [+k+qnk dh½ cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa rks D;k;s yksx lqurs ugha gSa ¼26½D;k bu yksxksa us bl ij Hkh x+kSj ugha fd;k fd ge pfV;y eSnku ¼bQ+rknk½ t+ehu dh rjQikuh dks tkjh djrs gSa fQj mlds t+fj, ls ge ?kkl ikr yxkrs gSa ftls muds tkuoj vkSj ;s[k+qn Hkh [kkrs gSa rks D;k ;s yksx bruk Hkh ugha ns[krs ¼27½vkSj ;s yksx dgrs gS fd vxj rqe yksx lPps gks ¼fd d+;ker vk,xh½ rks ¼vkf[k+j½ ;s QSlykdc gksxk ¼28½

¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd QSlys ds fnu dq+Q+kj dks mudk bZeku ykuk dqN dke u vk,xk vkSju mudks ¼bldh½ eksgyr nh tk,xh ¼29½x+jt+ rqe mudh ckrksa dk [+;ky NksM+ nks vkSj rqe eqUrft+j jgks ¼vkf[k+j½ og yksx Hkh rksbUrt+kj dj jgs gSa ¼30½

33 lwjg ,gt+kclwjg ,gt+kc enhus esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh ¼73½ rsgRrj vk;rsa gSaAvYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s uch Âq+nk gh ls Mjrs jgks vkSj dkfQjksa vkSj equkfQd+ksa dh ckr u ekuks blesa 'kd ugha fd[kq+nk cM+k okfd+Qdkj gdhe gSA ¼1½vkSj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls rqEgkjs ikl tks Þoghß dh tkrh gS ¼cl½ mlh dh iSjoh djksrqe yksx tks dqN dj jgs gks [kq+nk mlls ;d+huh vPNk rjg vkxkg gSA ¼2½vkSj [kq+nk gh ij Hkjkslk j[kks vkSj [kq+nk gh dkjlkth ds fy, dkQh gS ¼3½vYykg us fdlh vkneh ds lhus es a nks fny ugha iSnk fd;s fd ¼,d gh oD+r nks bjkns dj lds½vkSj u mlus rqEgkjh chfo;ksa dks ftu ls rqe ts+gkj djrs gks rqEgkjh ek,¡ cuk nh vkSj u mlusrqEgkjs yS ikydksa dks rqEgkjs csVs cuk fn;sA ;s rks Q+d+r rqEgkjh eq¡g cksyh ckr ¼vkSj t+qckuh tek[kpZ½ gS vkSj ¼pkgs fdlh dks cqjh yxs ;k vPNh½ [kq+nk rks lPph dgrk gS vkSj lh/kh jkgfn[kkrk gSA ¼4½yS ikydksa dk muds ¼vlyh½ ckiksa ds uke ls iqdkjk djks ;gh [kq+nk ds ut+nhd cgqr Bhd gS gk¡vxj rqe yksx muds vlyh ckiksa dks u tkurs gks rks rqEgkjs nhuh Hkkà vkSj nksLr gSa ¼mUgsa HkkÃ;k nksLr dgdj iqdkjk djks½ vkSj gk¡ blesa Hkwy pwd tkvks rks vycRrk mldk rqe ij dksÃbYt+ke ugha gS exj tc rqe fny ls tkucw> dj djks ¼rks t+:j xqukg gS½ vkSj [kq+nk rks cM+kc['kus okyk esgjcku gSA ¼5½uch rks eksfeuhu ls [kq+n mudh tkuksa ls Hkh c

cjkghe vkSj ewlk vkSj efj;e ds csVs Ãlk ls ,gnks iSekus fy;k vkSj mu yksxksa ls geus l[+r,gn fy;k Fkk ¼7½rkfd ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ lPpksa ¼iSx+Ecjksa½ ls mudh lPpkà rcyhx+s fjlkyr dk gky nfj;kr djsavkSj dkfQjksa ds okLrs rks mlus nnZukd vt+kc rS;kj gh dj j[kk gSA ¼8½¼,s bZekunkjksa [kq+nk dh½ mu usverksa dks ;kn djks tks mlus rqe ij ukft+y dh gSa ¼taxs [kUnd esa½tc rqe ij ¼dkfQjksa dk½ y'kdj ¼meM+ ds½ vk iM+k rks ¼geus rqEgkjh enn dh½ mu ij vk¡/khHksth vkSj ¼blds vykok Qfj'rksa dk ,slk y'dj Hkstk½ ftldks rqeus ns[kk rd ugha vkSj rqe tksdqN dj jgs Fks [kq+nk mls [kw+c ns[k jgk Fkk ¼9½ftl oD+r og yksx rqe ij rqEgkjs Åij ls vk iM+s vkSj rqEgkjs uhps dh rjQ ls Hkh fiy x,vkSj ftl oD+r ¼mudh dljr ls½ rqEgkjh vk¡[ksa [k+Sjk gks x;ha Fkh vkSj ¼[k+kSQ ls½ dysts eq¡g dksvk x, Fks vkSj vYykg ij rjg&rjg ds ¼cqjs½ [+;ky djus yxs FksA ¼10½;gk¡ ij eksfeuksa dk bfErgku fy;k x;k Fkk vkSj [k+wc vPNh rjg f>a>ksM+s x, FksA ¼11½vkSj ftl oD+r equkQsd+hu vkSj og yksx ftuds fnyksa esa ¼dqÝ dk½ ejt+ Fkk dgus yxs Fks fd[kq+nk us vkSj mlds jlwy us tks gels ok;ns fd, Fks og cl fcYdqy /kks[ks dh Vêh FkkA ¼12½vkSj vc muesa dk ,d fxjksg dgus yxk Fkk fd ,s enhus okyksa vc ¼nq'eu ds eqd+kcysa esas½rqEgkjs dgha fBdkuk ugha rks ¼csgrj gS fd vc Hkh½ iyV pyks vkSj muesa ls dqN yksx jlwy ls¼Äj ykSV tkus dh½ btkt+r ek¡xus yxs Fks fd gekjs ?kj ¼enksZa ls½ fcYdqy [k+kyh ¼xS+j egQwt+½iM+s gq, gSa & gkyk¡fd og [k+kyh ¼x+Sj egQwt+½ u Fks ¼cfYd½ og yksx rks ¼blh cgkus ls½ clHkkxuk pkgrs gSa ¼13½vkSj vxj ,slk gh y'dj mu yksxksa ij enhus ds ,rjkQ ls vk iM+s vkSj mu ls Qlkn ¼[k+kuktaxh½ djus dh nj[+okLr dh tk, rks ;s yksx mlds fy, ¼QkSju½ vk ekStwn gksa ¼14½vkSj ¼ml oD+r½ vius ?kjksa esa Hkh cgqr de roD+dq+Q+ djsaxs ¼exj ;s rks ftgkn gS½ gkyk¡fd muyksxksa us igys gh [kq+nk ls ,gn fd;k Fkk fd ge nq'eu ds eqd+kcys esa ¼viuh½ ihB u QsjasxsvkSj [kq+nk ds ,gn dh iwNxN rks ¼,d u ,d fnu½ gksdj jgsxh ¼15½¼,s jlwy muls½ dg nks fd vxj rqe ekSr dk d+Ry ¼ds [k+kSQ½ ls Hkkxs Hkh rks ¼;g½ Hkkxuk

qEgsa gjfxt+ dqN Hkh eqQ+hn u gksxk vkSj vxj rqe Hkkxdj cp Hkh x, rks cl ;gh u dhnqfu;k esa pUn jkst+k vkSj pSudj yks ¼16½¼,s jlwy½ rqe muls dg nks fd vxj [qk+nk rqEgkjs lkFk cqjkà dk bjknk dj cSBs rks rqEgsa mlds¼vt+kc½ ls dkSu ,slk gS tks cpk, ;k Hkykà gh djuk pkgs ¼rks dkSu jksd ldrk gS½ vkSj ;syksx [kq+nk ds flok u rks fdlh dks viuk ljijLr ik,¡xs vkSj u en~nxkj ¼17½rqeesa ls tks yksx ¼nwljksa dks ftgkn ls½ jksdrs gSa [kq+nk mudks [kw+c tkurk gS vkSj ¼mudks Hkh [kw+ctkurk gS½ tks vius Hkkà cUnksa ls dgrs gSa fd gekjs ikl pys Hkh vkvks vkSj [kq+n Hkh ¼Qd+rihNk NqM+kus dks yM+kà ds [ksr½ esa cl ,d t+jk lk vkdj rqels viuh tku pqjkà ¼18½vkSj py fn, vkSj tc ¼mu ij½ dksbZ [k+kSQ ¼dk ekSd+k½ vk iM+k rks ns[krs gks fd ¼vkl ls½rqEgkjh rjQ ns[krs gSa ¼vkSj½ mudh vk¡[ksa bl rjg ?kwerh gSa tSls fdlh 'k[l ij ekSr dh csgks'khNk tk, fQj og [k+kSQ ¼dk ekSd+k½ tkrk jgk vkSj bZekunkjksa dh Qrsg gq;h rks ekys ¼x+uher½ ijfxjrs iM+rs QkSju rqe ij viuh rst+ t+ckuksa ls rkuk dlus yxs ;s yksx ¼'kq:½ ls bZeku gh ughayk, ¼Qd+r t+ckuh tek [k+pZ Fkh½ rks [kq+nk us Hkh budk fd;k djk;k lc vdkjr dj fn;k vkSj;s rks [kq+nk ds okLrs ,d ¼fugk;r½ vklku ckr Fkh ¼19½¼enhus dk eqgklsjk djus okys py Hkh fn, exj½ ;s yksx vHkh ;gh le> jgs gSa fd ¼dkfQ+jksads½ y'dj vHkh ugha x, vkSj vxj dgha ¼dqQkj dk½ y'dj fQj vk igq¡ps rks ;s yksx pkgsaxsfd dk'k og taxyksa esa x¡okjksa esa tk clrs vkSj ¼ogha ls cSBs cSBs½ rqEgkjs gkykr nj;k+r djrsjgrs vkSj vxj mudks rqe yksxksa esa jguk iM+rk rks Q+d+r ¼ihNk NqM+kus dks½ t+jk t+gwj ¼dgha½yM+rs ¼20½¼eqlyekuksa½ rqEgkjs okLrs rks [kq+n jlwy vYykg dk ¼[k+Und+ esa cSBuk½ ,d vPNk uewuk Fkk ¼exjgk¡ ;g½ ml 'k[+l ds okLrs gS tks [kq+nk vkSj jksts+ vk[ks+jr dh mEehn j[krk gks vkSj [kq+nk dh;kn ckdljr djrk gks ¼21½vkSj tc lPps bZekunkjksa us ¼dqQkj ds½ te?kVksa dks ns[kk rks ¼csrdYyqQ+½ dgus yxs fd ;s oghpht+ rks gS ftldk ge ls [kq+nk us vkSj mlds jlwy us ok;nk fd;k Fkk ¼bldh ijokg D;k gS½vkSj [kq+nk us vkSj mlds jlwy us fcYdqy Bhd dgk Fkk vkSj ¼blds ns[kus ls½ mudk bZekunkj vkSjmudh brkvr vkSj Hkh ft+Unk gks x;h ¼22½bZekunkjksa esa ls dqN yksx ,sls Hkh gSa fd [kq+nk ls mUgksaus ¼tkWfulkjh dk½ tks ,gn fd;k Fkk mls

iwjk dj fn[kk;k x+jt+ muesa ls ckt+ og gSa tks ¼ej dj½ viuk oD+r iwjk dj x, vkSj muesa lsckt+ ¼gqDes [kq+nk ds½ eqUrft+j cSBs gSa vkSj mu yksxksa us ¼viuh ckr½ t+jk Hkh ugha cnyh ¼23½;s bErsgku blfy, Fkk rkfd [kq+n lPps ¼bekunkjksa½ dks mudh lPpkà dh tt+k, [k+Sj ns vkSj vxjpkgs rks equkQsd+hu dh lt+k djs ;k ¼vxj og ykxs rkSck djsa rks½ [kq+nk mudh rkSck dq+cwyQjek, blesa 'kd ugha fd [kq+nk cM+k c['kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼24½vkSj [kq+nk us ¼viuh dq+njr ls½ d+kfQjksa dks enhus ls Qsj fn;k ¼vkSj og yksx½ viuh >qa>ykgVesa ¼fQj x,½ vkSj bUgsa dqN Qk;ns Hkh u gqvk vkSj [kq+nk us ¼viuh esgjckuh ls½ eksfeuhu dksyM+us dh ukScr u vkus nh vkSj [kq+nk rks ¼cM+k½ t+cjnLr ¼vkSj½ x+kfyc gSa ¼25½vkSj ,gys fdrkc esa ls ftu yksxksa ¼cuh dq+jSt+k½ us mu ¼dqQkj½ dh enn dh Fkh [kq+nk mudksmuds fd+yksa ls ¼csn[k+y djds½ uhps mrkj yk;k vkSj muds fnyksa es a ¼rqEgkjk½ ,slk jksc cSBk fn;kfd rqe muds dqN yksxksa dks d+Ry djus yxs ¼26½vkSj dqN dks d+Snh ¼vkSj xq+yke½ cukus vkSj rqe gh yksxksa dks mudh t+ehu vkSj muds ?kj vkSjmuds eky vkSj ml t+ehu ¼[kS+cj½ dk [kq+nk us ekfyd cuk fn;k ftlesa rqeus d+ne rd ugha j[kkFkk vkSj [kq+nk rks gj pht+ ij d+kfnj orokuk gS ¼27½,s jlwy viuh chfo;ksa ls dg nks fd vxj rqe ¼Qd+r½ nqfu;koh ft+Unxh vkSj mldh vkjkb'k ot+hur dh [okgkW gks rks m/kj vkvks eSa rqe yksxksa dks dqN lkt+ks lkeku ns nw¡ vkSj muokus 'kkbLrkls :[k+lr dj nw¡ ¼28½vkSj vxj rqe yksx [kq+nk vkSj mlds jlwy vkSj vk[ks+jr ds ?kj dh [okgkW gks rks ¼vPNh rjg[;ky j[kks fd½ rqe yksxksa esa ls usdksdkj vkSjrksa ds fy, [kq+nk us ;d+huu~ cM+k ¼cM+k½ vtz o¼lokc½ eqg¸;k dj j[kk gS ¼29½,s iSx+Ecj dh chfc;ksa rqeesa ls tks dksbZ fdlh ljhgh uk 'kkbLrk gjdr dh dk eqjfrc gq;h rks¼;kn jgs fd½ mldk vt+kc Hkh nqxuk c

,s uch dh chfo;ksa rqe vkSj ekewyh vkSjrksa dh lh rks gks ogh ¼cl½ vxj rqe dks ijgst+xkjheatw+j jgs rks ¼vtuch vkneh ls½ ckr djus esa uje uje ¼yxh fyiVh½ ckr u djks rkfd ftldsfny esa ¼'kgors ft+uk dk½ et+Z gS og ¼dqN vkSj½ bjknk ¼u½ djs ¼32½vkSj ¼lkQ&lkQ½ muokus 'kkbLrk ls ckr fd;k djks vkSj vius ?kjksa esa fupyh cSBh jgks vkSjvxys t+ekus tkfgfy;r dh rjg viuk cuko flaxkj u fn[kkrh fQjks vkSj ikcUnh ls uekt+ i

tks gqDe [kq+nk us iSx+Ecj ij QtZ+ dj fn;k ¼mlds djus½ esa ml ij dksbZ eqt+k,dk ugha tks yksx¼muls½ igys xqt+j pqds gSa muds ckjs esa Hkh [kq+nk dk ¼;gh½ nLrwj ¼tkjh½ jgk gS ¼fd fudkg esaraxh u dh½ vkSj [kq+nk dk gqDe rks ¼Bhd vUnkt+s ls½ eqd+jZj gqvk gksrk gS ¼38½og yksx tks [kq+nk ds iSx+keksa dks ¼yksxksa rd tw¡ dk rw¡½ igq¡pkrs Fks vkSj mlls Mjrs Fks vkSj [kq+nkds flok fdlh ls ugha Mjrs Fks ¼fQj rqe D;ksa Mjrs gks½ vkSj fglkc ysus ds okLrs rks [kq+ndkQ+h gS ¼39½¼yksxksa½ eksgEen rqEgkjs enksZa esa ls ¼gd+hd+ru½ fdlh ds cki ugha gSa ¼fQj tS+n dh choh D;ksagjke gksus yxh½ cfYd vYykg ds jlwy vkSj ufc;ksa dh eksgj ¼;kuh [k+Re djus okys½ gSa vkSj[kq+nk rks gj pht+ ls [kw+c okfd+Q gS ¼40½,s bZekuokyksa ckdljr [kq+nk dh ;kn fd;k djks vkSj ¼41½lqcg o 'kke mldh rlchg djrs jgks ¼42½og ogh rks gS tks [kq+n rqeij nw:n ¼nnksZa jger½ Hkstrk gS vkSj mlds Q+fj'rs rkfd rqedks ¼dqÝ+dh½ rkjhfd+;ksa ls fudkydj ¼bZeku dh½ jkS'kuh esa ys tk, vkSj [kq+nk bZekuokyksa ij cM+k esgjckugS ¼43½ftl fnu mldh ckjxkg esa gkft+j gksaxs ¼ml fnu½ mudh eqjknkr ¼mldh rjQ ls gj fd+Le dh½lykerh gksxh vkSj [kq+nk us rks muds okLrs cgqr vPNk cnyk ¼csg'r½ rS;kj j[kk gS ¼44½,s uch geus rqedks ¼yksxksa dk½ xokg vkSj ¼usdksa dks csg'r dh½ [kq'k[k+cjh nsus okyk vkSj cnksadks vt+kc ls Mjkus okyk ¼45½vkSj [kq+nk dh rjQ mlh ds gqDe ls cqykus okyk vkSj ¼beku o fgnk;r dk½ jkS'ku fpjkx+cukdj Hkstk ¼46½vkSj rqe eksfeuhu dks [kq'k[k+cjh ns nks fd muds fy, [kq+nk dh rjQ ls cgqr cM+h ¼esgjckuhvkSj½ c[+f'k'k gS ¼47½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ¼dgha½ dkfQjksa vkSj equkfQd+ksa dh brkvr u djuk vkSj mudh bZt+kjlkuh dk[+;ky NksM+ nks vkSj [kq+nk ij Hkjkslk j[kks vkSj dkjlkt+h esa [kq+nk dkQ+h gS ¼48½

,s bZekuokyksa tc rqe eksfeuk vkSjrksa ls ¼cx+Sj esgj eqd+jZj fd;s½ fudkg djks mlds ckn mUgsa viusgkFk yxkus ls igys gh rykd+ ns nks rks fQj rqedks muij dksbZ gd+ ugha fd ¼muls½ bík iwjkdjkvks mudks rks dqN ¼diM+s :i;s ox+Sjg½ nsdj muokus 'kkbLrk ls :[k+lr dj nks ¼49½,s uch geus rqEgkjs okLrs rqEgkjh mu chfo;ksa dks gyky dj fn;k gS ftudks rqe esgj ns pqds gksvkSj rqEgkjh mu ykSafM;ksa dks ¼Hkh½ tks [kq+nk us rqedks ¼cx+Sj yM+s&fHkM+s½ ekys x+uher esa vrk dhgS vkSj rqEgkjs ppk dh csfV;k¡ vkSj rqEgkjh QwfQ;ksa dh csfV;k¡ vkSj rqEgkjs ekew dh csfV;k¡ vkSjrqEgkjh [k+kykvksa dh csfV;k¡ tks rqEgkjs lkFk fgtjr djds vk;h gSa ¼gyky dj nh vkSj gjbZekuokyh vkSjr ¼Hkh gyky dj nh½ vxj og vius dks ¼cx+Sj esgj½ uch dks ns nsa vkSj uch Hkhmlls fudkg djuk pkgrs gksa exj ¼,s jlwy½ ;s gqDe flQZ rqEgkjs okLrs [k+kl gS vkSj eksfeuhu dsfy, ugha vkSj geus tks dqN ¼esgj ;k d+her½ vke eksfeuhu ij mudh chfo;ksa vkSj mudhykSafM;ksa ds ckjs esa eqd+jZj dj fn;k gS ge [kw+c tkurs gSa vkSj ¼rqEgkjh fjvk;r blfy, gS½ rkfdrqedks ¼chfo;ksa dh rjQ ls½ dksbZ fnD+d+r u gks vkSj [kq+nk rks cM+k c[k+'kus okyk esgjcku gS¼50½buesa ls ftldks ¼tc½ pkgks vyx dj nks vkSj ftldks ¼tc rd½ pkgks vius ikl j[kks vkSjftu vkSjrksa dks rqeus vyx dj fn;k Fkk vxj fQj rqe muds [okgkW gks rks Hkh rqe ij dksbZet+k,d+k ugha gS ;s ¼v[k+rs;kj tks rqedks fn;k x;k gS½ t+:j bl d+kfcy gS fd rqEgkjh chfo;ksadh vk¡[ksa BUMh jgs vkSj vktwZnk [k+kfrj u gks vkSj oks dqN rqe mUgsa ns nks lcdh lc ml ijjkt+h jgsa vkSj tks dqN rqEgkjs fnyksa esa gS [kq+nk mldks [k+qc tkurk gS vkSj [kq+nk rks cM+kokfd+Qdkj cqnZckj gS ¼51½¼,s jlwy½ vc mu ¼ukS½ ds ckn ¼vkSj½ vkSjrsa rqEgkjs okLrs gyky ugha vkSj u ;s tk;t+ gS fdmuds cnys muesa ls fdlh dks NksM+dj vkSj chfc;k¡ dj yks vxj ps rqedks mudk gqLu dSlk ghHkyk ¼D;ksa u½ ekywe gks exj rqEgkjh ykSafM;k¡ ¼bl ds ckn Hkh tk;t+ gSa½ vkSj [kq+nk rks gj pht+dk fuxjkW gS ¼52½,s bZekunkjksa rqe yksx iSx+Ecj ds ?kjksa esa u tk;k djks exj tc rqedks [kkus ds okLrs ¼vUnjvkus dh½ btkt+r nh tk, ¼ysfdu½ mlds idus dk bUrst+kj ¼uch ds ?kj cSBdj½ u djks exjtc rqedks cqyk;k tk, rks ¼Bhd oD+r ij½ tkvks vkSj fQj tc [kk pqdks rks ¼QkSju viuhviuh txg½ pys tk;k djks vkSj ckrksa esa u yx tk;k djks D;ksafd blls iSx+Ecj dks vt+h;rgksrh gS rks og rqEgkjk ySgkt+ djrs gSa vkSj [kq+nk rks Bhd ¼Bhd dgus½ ls >sairk ugha vkSj tciSx+Ecj dh chfo;ksa ls dqN ek¡xuk gks rks insZ ds ckgj ls ek¡xk djks ;gh rqEgkjs fnyksa vkSj mudsfnyksa ds okLrs cgqr lQkbZ dh ckr gS vkSj rqEgkjs okLrs ;s tk;t+ ugha fd jlwys [kq+nk dks ¼fdlh

jg½ vt+h;r nks vkSj u ;s tk;t+ gS fd rqe mlds ckn dHkh mudh chfo;ksa ls fudkg djkscs'kd ;s vYykg ds ut+nhd cM+k ¼xqukg½ gS ¼53½pkgs fdlh pht+ dks rqe t+kfgj djks ;k mls fNikvks [kq+nk rks ¼cgjgky½ gj pht+ ls ;d+huh [kw+cvkxkg gS ¼54½vkSjrksa ij u vius cki nknkvksa ¼ds lkeus gksus½ esa dqN xqukg gS vkSj u vius csVksa ds vkSj uvius HkkbZ;ksa ds vkSj u vius Hkrhtksa ds vkSj vius Hkkatksa ds vkSj u viuh ¼fd+Le fd½ vkSjrksads vkSj u viuh ykSafM;ksa ds lkeus gksus esa dqN xqukg gS ¼,s iSx+Ecj dh chfc;ksa½ rqe yksx [kq+nkls Mjrh jgks blesa dksbZ 'kd gh ugha dh [kq+nk ¼rqEgkjs vkeky esa½ gj pht+ ls okfd+Q+ gS ¼55½blesa Hkh 'kd ugha fd [kq+nk vkSj mlds Qfj'rs iSx+Ecj ¼vkSj mudh vky½ ij nq:n Hkstrs gSa rks,s bZekunkjksa rqe Hkh nq:n Hkstrs jgks vkSj cjkcj lyke djrs jgks ¼56½cs'kd tks yksx vYykg dks vkSj mlds jlwy dks vt+h;r nsrs gSa mu ij [kq+nk us nqfu;k vkSjvk[ks+jr ¼nksuksa½ esa ykur dh gS vkSj muds fy, :lokbZ dk vt+kc rS;kj dj j[kk gS ¼57½vkSj tks yksx bZekunkj enZ vkSj bZekunkj vkSjrksa dks cxS+j dqN fd, Ìjs ¼rksger nsdj½ vt+h;rnsrs gSa rks og ,d cksgrku vkSj ljhg xqukg dk cks> ¼viuh xnZu ij½ mBkrs gSa ¼58½,s uch viuh chfo;ksa vkSj viuh yM+fd;ksa vkSj eksfeuhu dh vkSjrksa ls dg nks fd ¼ckgj fudyrsoD+r½ vius ¼psgjksa vkSj xnZuksa½ ij viuh pknjksa dk ?kwW?kV yVdk fy;k djas ;s mudh ¼'kjkQ+rdh½ igpku ds okLrs cgqr equkflc gS rks mUgsa dksbZ NsM+sxk ugha vkSj [kq+nk rks cM+k c[+'kus okykesgjcku gS ¼59½,s jlwy equkQsd+hu vkSj og yksx ftuds fnyksa esa ¼dqÝ+ dk½ et+Z gS vkSj tks yksx enhus esa cqjh[k+cjsa mM+k;k djrs gSa& vxj ;s yksx ¼viuh 'kjkjrksa ls½ ckt+ u vk,Wxs rks ge rqe gh dks ¼,du ,d fnu½ mu ij eqlYyr dj nsxsa fQj og rqEgkjs iM+ksl esa pUn jkst+ksa ds flok Bgjus ¼gh½u ik,¡xs ¼60½ykur ds ekjs tgk¡ dgha gRFks p

¼,s jlwy½ yksx rqels d+;ker ds ckjs esa iwNk djrs gSa ¼rqe muls½ dg nks fd mldk bYe rkscl [kq+nk dks gS vkSj rqe D;k tkuks 'kk;n d+;ker d+jhc gh gks ¼63½vYykg us d+kfQjksa ij ;d+huu ykur dh gS vkSj muds fy, tgUuqe dks rS;kj dj j[kk gS ¼64½ftlesa og ges'kk vcny vkckn jgsaxs u fdlh dks viuk ljijLr ik,¡xs u en~nxkj ¼65½ftl fnu muds eq¡g tgUuqe dh rjQ Qsj fn, tk,¡xsa rks ml fnu vQ+lkslukd ygts+ esa dgsaxs ,sdk'k geus [kq+nk dh brkvr dh gksrh vkSj jlwy dk dguk ekuk gksrk ¼66½vkSj dgsaxs fd ijojfn~xkj geus vius ljnkjksa vius cM+ksa dk dguk ekuk rks mUgksa gh us gesaxqejkg dj fn;k ¼67½ijojfn~xkjk ¼ge ij rks vt+kc lgh gS exj½ mu yksxksa ij nksgjk vt+kc ukft+y dj vkSj mu ijcM+h ls cM+h ykur dj ¼68½,s bZekuokyksa ¼[k+cjnkj dgha½ rqe yksx Hkh muds ls u gks tkuk ftUgksaus ewlk dks rdyhQ nh rks[kq+nk us mudh rksgerksa ls ewlk dks cjh dj fn;k vkSj ewlk [kq+nk ds ut+nhd ,d joknkj ¼bT+t+rdjus okys½ ¼iSx+Ecj½ Fks ¼69½,s bZekuokyksa [kq+nk ls Mjrs jgks vkSj ¼tc dgks rks½ nq:Lr ckr dgk djks ¼70½rks [kq+nk rqEgkjh dkjxqt+kfj;ksa dks nq:Lr dj nsxk vkSj rqEgkjs xqukg c[+'k nsxk vkSj ftl 'k[+l us[kq+nk vkSj mlds jlwy dh brkvr dh og rks viuh eqjkn dks [kw+c vPNh rjg igq¡p x;k ¼71½cs'kd geus ¼jkst+s vt+y½ viuh vekur ¼brkvr bcknr½ dks lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu igkM+ksa dslkeus is'k fd;k rks mUgksaus mlds ¼ckj½ mBkus ls bUdkj fd;k vkSj mlls Mj x, vkSj vkneh usmls ¼cs rkEeqy½ mBk fy;k cs'kd bUlku ¼vius gd+ esa½ cM+k t+kfye ¼vkSj½ uknku gS ¼72½bldk urhtk ;g gqvk fd [kq+nk equkfQd+ enksZa vkSj equkfQd+ vkSjrksa vkSj eq'kfjd enksaZ vkSjeq'kfjd vkSjrksa dks ¼muds fd, dh½ lt+k nsxk vkSj bZekunkj enksZa vkSj bZekunkj vkSjrksa dh ¼rd+lhjvekur dh½ rkSck d+qcwy Qjek,xk vkSj [kq+nk rks cM+k c[k+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼73½

34 lwjg lcklwjg lck eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ¼54½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSgj fd+Le dh rkjhQ mlh [kq+nk ds fy, ¼nqfu;k esa Hkh½ lt+kokj gS fd tks dqN vklekuksa esa gSvkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS ¼x+jt+ lc dqN½ mlh dk gS vkSj vk[k+sjr esa ¼Hkh gj rjQ½ mlh dhrkjhQ gS vkSj ogh okfd+Qdkj gdhe gS ¼1½¼tks½ pht+sa ¼cht ox+Sjg½ t+ehu esa nkf[k+y gq;h gS vkSj tks pht+ ¼nj[+r ox+Sjg½ blesa ls fudyrhgS vkSj tks pht+ ¼ikuh ox+Sjg½ vklkeu ls ukft+y gksrh gS vkSj tks pht+ ¼ut+kjkr Qfj'rs ox+Sjg½ml ij p

wBk gS u mls tquwu gS½ cfYd [kq+n og yksx tks vk[k+sjr ij bZeku ugha j[krs vt+kc vkSj igysnjts dh xqejkgh esa iM+s gq, gSa ¼8½rks D;k mu yksxksa us vkleku vkSj t+ehu dh rjQ Hkh tks muds vkxs vkSj muds ihNs ¼lc rjQls ?ksjs½ gSa x+kSj ugha fd;k fd vxj ge pkgs rks mu yksxksa dks t+ehu esa /k¡lk nsa ;k mu ijvkleku dk dksbZ VqdM+k gh fxjk nsa blesa 'kd ugha fd blesa gj :tw djus okys cUns ds fy,;d+huh cM+h bcjr gS ¼9½vkSj geus ;d+huu nkÅn dks viuh ckjxkg ls cqtq+Zxh buk;r dh Fkh ¼vkSj igkM+ksa dks gqDe fn;k½fd ,s igkM+ksa rlchg djus esa mudk lkFk nks vkSj ifjUn dks ¼rkcs, dj fn;k½ vkSj muds okLrsyksgs dks ¼ekse dh rjg½ uje dj fn;k Fkk ¼10½fd Q¡jk[k+ o dq'kknk ftjg cukvks vkSj ¼dfM+;ksa ds½ tksM+us esa vUnkt+s dk [+;ky j[kks vkSj rqelc ds lc vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke djks oks dqN rqe yksx djrs gks eSa ;d+huu ns[k jgk gw¡ ¼11½vkSj gok dks lqyseku dk ¼rkcsbnkj cuk fn;k Fkk½ fd mldh lqcg dh j+rkj ,d eghus¼eqlkQ+r½ dh Fkh vkSj blh rjg mldh 'kke dh j+rkj ,d eghus ¼ds eqlkQr½ dh Fkh vkSjgeus muds fy, rkacs ¼dks fi?kykdj½ mldk p'ek tkjh dj fn;k Fkk vkSj ftUukr ¼dks mudkrkcsnkj dj fn;k Fkk fd mu½ esa dqN yksx muds ijojfnxkj ds gqDe ls muds lkeus dke dktdjrs Fks vkSj muesa ls ftlus gekjs gqDe ls bugjkQ+ fd;k gS mls ge ¼d+;ker esa½ tgUuqe dsvt+kc dk et+k p[k+k¡,xs ¼12½x+jt+ lqyseku dks tks cuokuk eat+wj gksrk ;s ftUukr muds fy, cukrs Fks ¼tSls½ efLtnsa] egy]fd+ys vkSj ¼Qfj'rs vfEc;k dh½ rLohjsa vkSj gkSt+ksa ds cjkcj I;kys vkSj ¼,d txg½ xM+h gq;h¼cM+h cM+h½ nsx+sa ¼fd ,d gt+kj vkneh dk [kkuk id lds½ ,s nkÅn dh vkSykn 'kqØ djrs jgksvkSj esjs cUnksa esa ls 'kqØ djus okys ¼cUns½ FkksM+s ls gSa ¼13½fQj tc geus lqyseku ij ekSr dk gqDe tkjh fd;k rks ¼ej x,½ exj ydM+h ds lgkjs [kM+s FksvkSj ftUukr dks fdlh us muds ejus dk irk u crk;k exj t+ehu dh nhed us fd og lqysekuds vlk dks [kk jgh Fkh fQj ¼tc [kks[kyk gksdj VwV x;k vkSj½ lqyseku ¼dh yk'k½ fxjh rksftUukr us tkuk fd vxj og yksx x+Sc okW ¼x+Sc ds tkuus okys½ gksrs rks ¼bl½ t+yhy djusokyh ¼dke djus dh½ eqlhcr esa u eqfCryk jgrs ¼14½vkSj ¼d+kSe½ lck ds fy, rks ;d+huu [k+qn mUgha ds ?kjksa esa ¼dq+njrs [kq+nk dh½ ,d cM+h fu'kkuhFkh fd muds 'kgj ds nksuksa rjQ nkfgus ck,W ¼gjs&Hkjs½ ckx+kr Fks ¼vkSj mudks gqDe Fkk½ fd vius

ijojfnxkj dh nh gq;h jkst+h Âkvks ¼fi;ks½ vkSj mldk 'kqØ vnk djks ¼nqfu;k esa½ ,slk ikdht+k'kgj vkSj ¼vk[k+sjr esa½ ijojfnxkj lk c[+'kus okyk ¼15½bl ij Hkh mu yksxksa us eq¡g Qsj fy;k ¼vkSj iSx+Ecjksa dk dgk u ekuk½ rks geus ¼,d gh cUnrksM+dj½ mu ij cM+s t+ksjksa dk lSykc Hkst fn;k vkSj ¼mudks rckg djds½ muds nksuksa ckx+ksa dscnys ,sls nks ckx+ fn, ftuds Qy cnet+k Fks vkSj muesa >kÅ Fkk vkSj dqN FkksM+h lh csfj;k¡ Fkh¼16½;s geus mudh uk'kqØh dh lt+k nh vkSj ge rks cM+s uk'kqØksa gh dh lt+k fd;k djrs gSa ¼17½vkSj ge vgys lck vkSj ¼'kke½ dh mu cfLr;ksa ds njfE;ku ftuesa geus cjdr vrk dh FkhvkSj pUn cfLr;k¡ ¼ljs jkg½ vkckn dh Fkh tks ckge uqek;k Fkha vkSj geus muesa vken o jrdh jkg eqd+jZj dh Fkh fd muesa jkrksa dks fnuksa dks ¼tc th pkgs½ cs[kVds pyks fQjks ¼18½rks og yksx [k+qn dgus yxs ijojfnxkj ¼d+jhc ds lQj esa yqRQ ugha½ rks gekjs lQ+jksa esa nwjhiSnk dj ns vkSj mu yksxksa us [kq+n vius Åij t+qYe fd;k rks geus Hkh mudks ¼rckg djds muds½vQlkus cuk fn, & vkSj mudh /kfTt;k¡ mM+k ds mudks frfrj fcfrj dj fn;k cs'kd muesa gjlcz o 'kqØ djus okykas ds okLrs cM+h bcjrs gSa ¼19½vkSj 'kSrku us vius [;ky dks ¼tks muds ckjs es a fd;k Fkk½ lp dj fn[kk;k rks mu yksxksa usmldh iSjoh dh exj bekuokyksa dk ,d fxjksg ¼u HkVdk½ ¼20½vkSj 'kSrku dk mu yksxksa ij dqN d+kcw rks Fkk ugha exj ;s ¼eryc Fkk½ fd ge mu yksxksa dkstks vk[k+sjr dk ;d+hu j[krs gSa mu yksxksa ls vyx ns[k ysa tks mlds ckjs esa 'kd esa ¼iM+s½ gSavkSj rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj rks gj pht+ dk fuxjkW gS ¼21½¼,s jlwy buls½ dg nks fd ftu yksxksa dks rqe [kq+n vYykg ds flok ¼ekcwn½ le>rs gks iqdkjks¼rks ekywe gks tk,xk fd½ og yksx t+jkZ cjkcj u vklekuksa esa dqN b[k+rs;kj j[krs gSa vkSj ut+ehu esa vkSj u mudh mu nksuksa esa f'kjdr gS vkSj u muesa ls dksbZ [kq+nk dk ¼fdlh pht+ esa½en~nxkj gS ¼22½ftlds fy, og [kq+n btkt+r vrk Q+jek, mlds flok dksbZ flQkfj'k mldh ckjxkg esa dke uvk,xh ¼mlds njckj dh gScr½ ;gk¡ rd ¼gS½ fd tc ¼f'kQ+kvr dk½ gqDe gksrk gS rks f'kQ+kvrdjus okys csgks'k gks tkrs gSa fQj rc muds fnyksa dh ?kcjkgV nwj dj nh tkrh gS rks iwNrs gSafd rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us D;k gqDe fn;k ¼23½

ks eqd+fjZc Qfj'rs dgrs gSa fd tks okftch Fkk ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ¼buls½ iwNks rks fd Hkyk rqedkslkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu ls dkSu jkst+h nsrk gS ¼og D;k dgsaxs½ rqe [kq+n dg nks fd [kq+nk vkSjeSa ;k rqe ¼nksuksa esa ls ,d rks½ t+:j jkgs jkLr ij gS ¼vkSj nwljk xqejkg½ ;k og ljhgh xqejkghesa iM+k gS ¼vkSj nwljk jkgs jkLr ij½ ¼24½¼,s jlwy½ rqe ¼muls½ dg nks u gekjs xqukgksa dh rqels iwN xN gksxh vkSj u rqEgkjh dkjLrkfu;ksadh ge ls ckt+ iqlZ ¼25½¼,s jlwy½ rqe ¼muls½ dg nks fd gekjk ijojfnxkj ¼d+;ker esa½ ge lcdks bdV~Bk djsxk fQjgekjs njfe;ku ¼Bhd½ QSlyk dj nsxk vkSj og rks Bhd&Bhd QSlyk djus okyk okfd+Qdkj gS¼26½¼,s jlwy rqe dg nks fd ftudks rqe us [kq+nk dk 'kjhd cukdj½ [kq+nk ds lkFk feyk;k gS t+jkmUgsa eq>s Hkh rks fn[kk nks gjfxt+ ¼dksbZ 'kjhd ugha½ cfYd [kq+nk x+kfyc fgder okyk gS ¼27½¼,s jlwy½ geus rqedks reke ¼nqfu;k ds½ yksxksa ds fy, ¼usdksa dks csg'r dh½ [kq+'k[kcjh nsus okykvkSj ¼cUnksa dks vt+kc ls½ Mjkus okyk ¼iSx+Ecj½ cukdj Hkstk exj cgqrsjs yksx ¼bruk Hkh½ ughatkurs ¼28½vkSj ¼myVs½ dgrs gSa fd vxj rqe ¼vius nkos esa½ lPps gks rks ¼vkf[k+j½ ;s d+;ker dk ok;nkdc iwjk gksxk ¼29½¼,s jlwy½ rqe muls dg nks fd rqe yksxksa ds okLrs ,d [k+kl fnu dh eh;kn eqd+jZj gS fd urqe mlls ,d ?kM+h ihNs jg ldrs gks vkSj u vkxs gh cM+ ldrs gks ¼30½vkSj tks yksx dkfQj gksa cSBs dgrs gSa fd ge rks u bl d+qjku ij gjfxt+ beku yk,¡xs vkSj uml ¼fdrkc½ ij tks blls igys ukft+y gks pqdh vkSj ¼,s jlwy rqedks cgqr rkTtqc gks½ vxjrqe ns[kks fd tc ;s t+kfye d+;ker ds fnu vius ijojfnxkj ds lkeus [kM+s fd, tk;asxs ¼vkSj½muesa dk ,d nwljs dh rjQ ¼viuh½ ckr dks Qsjrk gksxk fd det+ksj vnuk ¼njts ds½ yksx cM+s¼ljd'k½ yksxksa ls dgrs gksxsa fd vxj rqe ¼gesa½ u ¼cgdk,½ gksrs rks ge t+:j bZekuokys gksrs¼bl eqlhcr esa u iM+rs½ ¼31½rks ljd'k yksx det+ksjksa ls ¼eq[k+kfrc gksdj½ dgsaxs fd tc rqEgkjs ikl ¼[kq+nk dh rjQ+ ls½fgnk;r vk;h rks Fkh rks D;k mlds vkus ds ckn geus rqedks ¼t+cjnLrh vEy djus ls½ jksdk Fkk¼gjfxt+ ugha½ cfYd rqe rks [kq+n eqtfje Fks ¼32½

vkSj det+ksj yksx cM+s yksxksa ls dgsaxs ¼fd t+cjnLrh rks ugha dh exj ge [kq+n Hkh xqejkg ughagq,½ cfYd ¼rqEgkjh½ jkr&fnu dh Qjscnsgh us ¼xqejkg fd;k fd½ rqe yksx gedks [kq+nk u ekuusvkSj mldk 'kjhd Bgjkus dk cjkcj gqDe nsrs jgs ¼rks ge D;k djrs½ vkSj tc ;s yksx vt+kcdks ¼viuh vk¡[kksa ls½ ns[k ysaxs rks fny gh fny esa iNrk,¡xs vkSj tks yksx dkfQj gks cSBs gemudh xnZuksa esa rkSd+ Mky nsaxs tks dkjLrkfu;ka ;s yksx ¼nqfu;k esa½ djrs Fks mlh ds eqokfQd+ rkslt+k nh tk,xh ¼33½vkSj geus fdlh cLrh esa dksbZ Mjkus okyk iSx+Ecj ugha Hkstk exj ogk¡ ds yksx ;s t+:j cksymBsaxs fd tks ,gdke nsdj rqe Hksts x, gks ge mudks ugha ekurs ¼34½vkSj ;s Hkh dgus yxs fd ge rks ¼bZekunkjksa ls½ eky vkSj vkSykn es a dgha T+;knk gS vkSj ge ijvk[k+sjr esa ¼vt+kc½ Hkh ugha fd;k tk,xk ¼35½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd esjk ijojfnxkj ftlds fy, pkgrk gS jkst+h dq'kknk dj nsrk gS vkSj¼ftlds fy,s pkgrk gS½ rax djrk gS exj cgqrsjs yksx ugha tkurs gSa ¼36½vkSj ¼;kn j[kks½ rqEgkjs eky vkSj rqEgkjh vkSykn dh ;s gLrh ugha fd rqe dks gekjh ckjxkg esaeqd+fjZc cuk nsa exj ¼gk¡½ ftlus bZeku dq+cwy fd;k vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke fd, mu yksxksa dsfy, rks mudh dkjxqt+kfj;ksa dh nksgjh tt+k gS vkSj og yksx ¼csg'r ds½ >jks[kkas esa bResuku lsjgsaxs ¼37½vkSj tks yksx gekjh vk;rksa ¼dh rksM+½ esa eqd+kcys dh uh;r ls nkSM+ Ìwi djrs gSa ogh yksx¼tgUuqe ds½ vt+kc esa >ksd fn, tk,Wxs ¼38½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd esjk ijojfnxkj vius cUnksa esa ls ftlds fy, pkgrk gS jkst+h dq'kknkdj nsrk gS vkSj ¼ftlds fy, pkgrk gS½ rax dj nsrk gS vkSj tks dqN Hkh rqe yksx ¼mldh jkgesa½ [k+pZ djrs gks og mldk ,sot nsxk vkSj og rks lcls csgrj jkst+h nsusokyk gS ¼39½vkSj ¼og fnu ;kn djks½ ftl fnu lc yksxksa dks bdV~Bk djsxk fQj Qfj'rksa ls iwNsxk fd D;k;s yksx rqEgkjh ijlfr'k djrs Fks Qfj'rs vt+Z djsaxs ¼ckjs bykgk½ rw ¼gj ,sc ls½ ikd o ikdht+kgS ¼40½rw gh gekjk ekfyd gS u ;s yksx ¼;s yksx gekjh ugha½ cfYd ftUukr ¼[kck,l Hkwr&ijsr½ dhijlfr'k djrs Fks fd muesa ds vDlj yksx mUgha ij bZeku j[krs Fks ¼41½

c ¼[kq+nk Qjek,xk½ vkt rks rqeesa ls dksbZ u nwljs ds Qk;ns gh igq¡pkus dk b[+rs;kj j[krk gSvkSj u t+jj dk vkSj ge ljd'kksa ls dgsaxs fd ¼vkt½ ml vt+kc ds et+s p[kks ftls rqe¼nqfu;k esa½ >qByk;k djrs Fks ¼42½vkSj tc muds lkeus gekjh okt+s, o jkS'ku vk;rsa i

¼dk ocky½ gS vkSj vxj eSa jkgs jkLr ij gw¡ rks bl Þoghß ds rqQ+Sy ls tks esjk ijojfnxkjesjh rjQ+ Hkstrk gS cs'kd og lquus okyk ¼vkSj cgqr½ d+jhc gS ¼50½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ dk'k rqe ns[krs ¼rks l[+r rkTtqc djrs½ tc ;s dqQkj ¼eSnkus g'kj esa½?kcjk,&?kcjk, fQjrs gksaxs rks Hkh NqVdkjk u gksxk ¼51½vkSj vkl gh ikl ls ¼ckvklkuh½ fxjrkj dj fy, tk,¡xs vkSj ¼ml oD+r csclh esa½ dgsaxs fdvc ge jlwykas ij bZeku yk, vkSj bruh nwj njkt+ txg ls ¼bZeku ij½ mudk nlrjl ¼igq¡puk½dgk¡ eqefdu gS ¼52½gkykWfd ;s yksx mlls igys gh tc mudk nlrjl Fkk bUdkj dj pqds vkSj ¼nqfu;k esa reke mez½cs ns[ks Hkkys ¼vVdy ds½ rds cM+h&cM+h nwj ls pykrs jgs ¼53½vkSj vc rks muds vkSj mudh reUukvksa ds njfe;ku ¼mlh rjg½ inkZ Mky fn;k x;k gS ftlrjg muls igys muds gejax yksxksa ds lkFk ¼;gh cjrko½ fd;k tk pqdk blesa 'kd ugha fd ogyksx cM+s cspSu djus okys 'kd esa iM+s gq, Fks ¼54½

35 lwjg Qkfrjlwjg Qkfrj ¼iSnk djus okyk½ eDds esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh iSarkfyl ¼45½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSgj rjg dh rkjhQ [kq+nk gh ds fy, ¼e[k+lwl½ gS tks lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu dk iSnk djusokyk Qfj'rksa dk ¼viuk½ d+kfln cukus okyk gS ftuds nks&nks vkSj rhu&rhu vkSj pkj&pkj ijgksrs gSa ¼e[k+ywd+kr dh½ iSnkb'k esa tks ¼equkflc½ pkgrk gS cqByk,¡ rks ¼dqqByk, tk pqds gSa vkSj ¼vkf[k+j½ dqy mewj dh :tw rks [kq+nk gh dh rjQ gS ¼4½yksxksa [kq+nk dk ¼d+;ker dk½ ok;nk ;d+huh fcYdqy lPpk gS rks ¼dgha½ rqEgsa nqfu;k dh ¼pUnjkst+k½ ft+Unxh Q+jsc esa u yk, ¼,slk u gks fd 'kSrku½ rqEgsa [kq+nk ds ckjs esa /kks[kk ns ¼5½cs'kd 'kSrku rqEgkjk nq'eu gS rks rqe Hkh mls viuk nq'keu cuk, jgks og rks vius fxjksg dkscl blfy, cqykrk gS fd og yksx ¼lc ds lc½ tgUuqeh cu tk,¡ ¼6½ftu yksxksa us ¼nqfu;k esa½ dqÝ b[k+rs;kj fd;k muds fy, ¼vk[ks+jr esa½ l[+r vt+kc gS vkSj ftuyksxksa us bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs&vPNs dke fd, muds fy, ¼xqukgksa dh½ ex+Qsjr vkSjfugk;r vPNk cnyk ¼csg'r½ gS ¼7½rks Hkyk og 'k[+l ftls ml dk cqjk dke 'kSrkuh ¼vx+okW ls½ vPNk dj fn[kk;k x;k gS vkS ogmls vPNk le>us yxk gS ¼dHkh eksfeu usdksdkj ds cjkcj gks ldrk gS gjfxt+ ugha½ rks ;d+huh

¼ckr½ ;s gS fd vYykg ftls pkgrk gS xqejkgh esa NksM+ nsrk gS vkSj ftls pkgrk gS jkgs jkLrij vkus ¼dh rkSQ+hd+½ nsrk gS rks ¼,s jlwy dgha½ mu ¼cnc[+rksa½ ij vQlksl dj djds rqEgkjsne u fudy tk, tks dqN ;s yksx djrs gSa vYykg mlls [kw+c okfd+Q+ gS ¼8½vkSj vYykg gh og ¼d+kfnj o rokuk½ gS tks gokvksa dks Hkstrk gS rks gok,¡ cknyksa dksmM+k,&mM+k, fQjrh gS fQj ge ml ckny dks eqnkZ ¼mQ+rknk½ 'kgj dh rjQ gdk nsrs gSa fQjge mlds t+fj, ls t+ehu dks mlds ej tkus ds ckn 'kknkc dj nsrs gSa ;w¡ gh ¼eqnksZa dks d+;keresa th mBuk gksxk½ ¼9½tks 'k[+l bT+t+r dk [okgk¡ gks rks vYykg ls ek¡xs D;ksafd lkjh bT+t+r [kq+nk gh dh gS mldhckjxkg rd vPNh ckrsa ¼cqyUn gksdj½ igq¡prha gSa vkSj vPNs dke dks og [kq+n cqyUn Qjekrk gSvkSj tks yksx ¼rqEgkjs f[k+ykQ½ cqjh&cqjh rnchjsa djrs jgrs gSa muds fy, d+;ker esa l[+r vt+kcgS vkSj ¼vkf[k+j½ mu yksxksa dh rnchj efV;kesV gks tk,xh ¼10½vkSj [kq+nk gh us rqe yksxksa dks ¼igys igy½ feêh ls iSnk fd;k fQj urQ+s ls fQj rqedks tksM+k¼uj eknk½ cuk;k vkSj cx+Sj mlds bYe ¼btkt+r½ ds u dksbZ vkSjr gesyk gksrh gS vkSj u turhgS vkSj u fdlh 'k[+l dh mez es a T+;knrh gksrh gS vkSj u fdlh dh mez ls deh dh tkrh gSexj og fdrkc ¼ykSgs egQwt+½ esa ¼t+:j½ gS cs'kd ;s ckr [kq+nk ij cgqr gh vklku gS ¼11½¼mldh dq+njr ns[kks½ nks leUnj ckotwn fey tkus ds ;dlk¡ ugha gks tkrs ;s ¼,d rks½ ehBk [kq+'kt+k,dk fd mldk ihuk lqokjr gS vkSj ;s ¼nwljk½ [kkjh dMqok gS vkSj ¼bl b[+krsykQ ij Hkh½rqe yksx nksuksa ls ¼eNyh dk½ rjks rkt+k xks'r ¼;dlk¡½ [kkrs gks vkSj ¼vius fy, t+sojkr ¼eksrhox+Sjg½ fudkyrs gks ftUgsa rqe igurs gks vkSj rqe ns[krs gks fd df'r;ka nfj;k esa ¼ikuh dks½QkM+rh pyh tkrh gSa rkfd mlds QT+y ¼o dje frtkjr½ dh ryk'k djks vkSj rkfd rqe yksx'kqØ djks ¼12½ogh jkr dks ¼c

yksxksa rqe lc ds lc [kq+nk ds ¼gj oD+r½ eksgrkt gks vkSj ¼flQZ½ [kq+nk gh ¼lcls½ csijoklt+kokjs gEn ¼o luk½ gS ¼15½vxj og pkgs rks rqe yksxksa dks ¼vne ds insZ esa½ ys tk, vkSj ,d u;h f[k+yd+r yk clk,¼16½vkSj ;s dqN [kq+nk ds okLrs nq'kokj ugha ¼17½vkSj ;kn jgs fd dksbZ 'k[+l fdlh nwljs ¼ds xqukg½ dk cks> ugha mBk,xk vkSj vxj dksbZ ¼viusxqukgksa dk½ Hkkjh cks> mBkus okyk viuk cks> mBkus ds okLrs ¼fdlh dks½ cqyk,xk rks mlds ckjsesa ls dqN Hkh mBk;k u tk,xk vxjps ¼dksbZ fdlh dk½ djkcrnkj gh ¼D;ksa u½ gks ¼,s jlwy½rqe rks cl mUgha yksxksa dks Mjk ldrs gks tks cs ns[ks Hkkys vius ijojfnxkj dk [k+kSQ j[krs gSavkSj ikcUnh ls uekt+ ik½ nsrk gS vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ tks ¼dq+Q+kj eqnksaZ dh rjg½ d+czksa esa gSa mUgsa rqe viuh¼ckrsa½ ugha le>k ldrs gks ¼22½rqe rks cl ¼,d [kq+nk ls½ Mjkus okys gks ¼23½ge gh us rqedks ;d+huu dq+jku ds lkFk [kq+'k[k+cjh nsus okyk vkSj Mjkus okyk ¼ iSx+Ecj½ cukdjHkstk vkSj dksbZ mEer ¼nqfu;k esa½ ¼24½,slh ugha xqt+jh fd mlds ikl ¼gekjk½ Mjkus okyk iSx+Ecj u vk;k gks vkSj vxj ;s yksx rqEgsa>qByk,¡ rks dqN ijokg ugha djks D;ksafd buds vxyksa us Hkh ¼vius iSx+Ecjksa dks½ >qByk;k gS¼gkyk¡fd½ muds ikl muds iSx+Ecj okt+s, o jkS'ku ekSftts+ vkSj lghQ+s vkSj jkS'ku fdrkc ysdjvk, Fks ¼25½

fQj geus mu yksxksa dks tks dkfQ+j gks cSBs ys Mkyk rks ¼rqeus ns[kkfd½ esjk vt+kc ¼mu ij½dSlk ¼l[r gqvk ¼26½vc D;k rqeus bl ij Hkh x+kSj ugha fd;k fd ;d+huu [kq+nk gh us vkleku ls ikuh cjlk;k fQjge ¼[kq+nk½ us mlds t+fj, ls rjg&rjg dh jaxrksa ds Qy iSnk fd, vkSj igkM+ksa esa d+rvkr¼VqdM+s jkLrs½ gSa ftuds jax eq[k+rfyQ gS dqN rks lQsn ¼cqjkZd+½ vkSj dqN yky ¼yky½ vkSj dqNfcYdqy dkys fl;kg ¼27½vkSj blh rjg vknfe;ksa vkSj tkuojksa vkSj pkjik;ksa dh Hkh jaxrs rjg&rjg dh gSa mlds cUnksa esavYykg dk [k+kSQ djus okys rks cl mysek gSa cs'kd [kq+nk ¼lcls½ x+kfyc vkSj c[+'kus okyk gS¼28½cs'kd tks yksx Â+qnk dh fdrkc i

ftlus gedks vius Qt+y ¼o dje½ ls ges'kxh ds ?kj ¼csfg'r½ esa mrkjk ¼esgeku fd;k½ tgk¡gesa dksbZ rdyhQ Nq;sxh Hkh rks ugha vkSj u dksbZ Fkdku gh igq¡psxh ¼35½vkSj tks yksx dkfQj gks cSBs muds fy, tgUuqe dh vkx gS u mudh dt+k gh vk,xh fd ogej tk, vkSj rdyhQ ls utkr feys vkSj u muls muds vt+kc gh esa r[k+QhQ dh tk,xh gegj uk'kqØs dh lt+k ;w¡ gh fd;k djrs gSa ¼36½vkSj ;s yksx nkst[k+ esa ¼iM+s½ fpYyk;k djsxsa fd ijojfnxkj vc gedks ¼;gk¡ ls½ fudky ns rkstks dqN ge djrs Fks mls NksM+dj usd dke djsaxs ¼rks vYykg tokc nsxk fd½ D;k geus rqEgsabruh mesza u nh Fkh fd ftuesa ftldks tks dqN lksapuk le>uk ¼eat+wj½ gks [kw+c lksp le> ysvkSj ¼mlds vykok½ rqEgkjs ikl ¼gekjk½ Mjkus okyk ¼iSx+Ecj½ Hkh igq¡p x;k Fkk rks ¼vius fd,dk et+k½ p[kks D;ksafd ljd'k yksxksa dk dksà en~nxkj ugha ¼37½cs'kd [kq+nk lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dh iks'khnk ckrksa ls [k+wc okfd+Q gS og ;d+huh fnyksa dsiks'khnk jkt+ ls ck[k+cj gS ¼38½og ogh [kq+nk gS ftlus :, t+ehu esa rqe yksxksa dks ¼vxyksa dk½ tku'khu cuk;k fQj tks 'k[+ldkfQ+j gksxk rks mlds dqÝ+ dk ocky mlh ij iM+sxk vkSj dkfQ+jksa dks mudk dqÝ mudsijojfnxkj dh ckjxkg esa x+t+c ds flok dqN c

¼mlds vkus ls½ mudh uQjr dks rjD+dh gh gksrh x;h vkSj cqnh rn~chj ¼dh cqjkbZ½ rks cqjhrn~chj djus okys gh ij iM+rh gS rks ¼gks u gks½ ;s yksx cl vxys gh yksxksa ds cjrko dseqUrft+j gSa rks ¼csgrj½ rqe [kq+nk ds nlrwj esa dHkh rCnhyh u ikvksxs vkSj [kq+nk dh vknr easgjfxt+ dksbZ rx+¸;qj u ikvksxs ¼43½rks D;k mu yksxksa us :, t+ehu ij py fQj dj ugha ns[kk fd tks yksx muds igys Fks vkSjmuls t+ksj o dwor esa Hkh dgha c

36 lwjg ;kl ¼;klhu½lwjg ;klhu Þo bt+k dhy ygqeß vk;r ds flok iwjk lwjk eDds esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldhrsjklh ¼83½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS;klhu ¼1½bl iqjvt+ fgder dq+jku dh d+le ¼2½¼,s jlwy½ rqe fcyk'kd ;d+huh iSx+Ecjksa esa ls gks ¼3½¼vkSj nhu ds fcYdqy½ lh/ks jkLrs ij ¼lkfcr d+ne½ gks ¼4½tks cM+s esgjcku ¼vkSj½ x+kfyc ¼[kq+nk½ dk ukft+y fd;k gqvk ¼gS½ ¼5½rkfd rqe mu yksxksa dks ¼vt+kcs [kq+nk ls½ Mjkvks ftuds cki nknk ¼rqels igys fdlh iSx+Ecj ls½Mjk, ugha x, ¼6½rks og nhu ls fcYdqy cs[k+cj gSa mu esa vDlj rks ¼vt+kc dh½ ckrsa ;d+hu~u fcYdqy Bhd iwjhmrjs ;s yksx rks bZeku yk,¡xs ugha ¼7½geus mudh xnZuksa esa ¼Hkkjh&Hkkjh yksgs ds½ rkSd+ Mky fn, gSa vkSj BqM~fM;ksa rd igq¡ps gq, gSa fdog xnZusa mBk, gq, gSa ¼lj >qdk ugha ldrs½ ¼8½geus ,d nhokj muds vkxs cuk nh gS vkSj ,d nhokj muds ihNs fQj Åij ls mudks

ge gh ;d+hu~u eqnksZa dks ft+Unk djrs gSa vkSj tks dqN yksx igys dj pqds gSa ¼mudks½ vkSj mudh¼vPNh ;k cqjh ckd+h ek¡nk½ fu'kkfu;ksa dks fy[krs tkrs gSa vkSj geus gj pht+ dk ,d ljhg ojkS'ku is'kok esa ?ksj fn;k gS ¼12½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ¼buls½ felky ds rkSj ij ,d xk¡o ¼vrk fd;k½ okyksa dk fd+Llk c;ku djkstc ogk¡ ¼gekjs½ iSx+Ecj vk, ¼13½bl rjg fd tc geus muds ikl nks ¼iSx+Ecj ;ksguk vkSj ;wuql½ Hksts rks mu yksxksa us nksuksa dks>qByk;k tc geus ,d rhljs ¼iSx+Ecj 'keÅu½ ls ¼mu nksuksa dks½ en~n nh rks bu rhuksa us dgkfd ge rqEgkjs ikl [kq+nk ds Hksts gq, ¼vk,½ gSa ¼14½og yksx dgus yxs fd rqe yksx Hkh rks cl gekjs gh tSls vkneh gks vkSj [kq+nk us dqN ukft+y¼okft+y½ ugha fd;k gS rqe lc ds lc cl fcYdqy >wBs gks ¼15½rc mu iSx+Ecjksa us dgk gekjk ijojfnxkj tkurk gS fd ge ;d+hu~u mlh ds Hksts gq, ¼vk,½ gSavkSj ¼rqe ekuks ;k u ekuks½ ¼16½ge ij rks cl [kqYye [kqYyk ,gdkes [kq+nk dk igq¡pk nsuk Qt+Z gS ¼17½og cksys geus rqe yksxksa dks cgqr ugl d+ne ik;k fd ¼rqEgkjs vkrs gh d+gr esa eqcrsyk gq,½rks vxj rqe ¼viuh ckrksa ls½ ckt+ u vkvksxs rks ge yksx rqEgsa t+:j laxlkj dj nsxsa vkSjrqedks ;d+huh gekjk nnZukd vt+kc igq¡psxk ¼18½iSx+Ecjksa us dgk fd rqEgkjh cn 'kqxwuh ¼rqEgkjh djuh ls½ rqEgkjs lkFk gS D;k tc ulhgr dhtkrh gS ¼rks rqe mls cnQ+kyh dgrs gks ugha½ cfYd rqe [kq+n ¼viuh½ gn ls cs D;k ¼[k+Cr½ gqvk gS fd ftlus eq>s iSnk fd;k gS mldh bcknr u d:¡ gkyk¡fd rqelc ds cl ¼vkf[k+j½ mlh dh rjQ ykSVdj tkvksxs ¼22½

D;k eSa mls NksM+dj nwljksa dks ekcwn cuk yw¡ vxj [kq+nk eq>s dksbZ rdyhQ igq¡pkuk pkgs rks umudh flQkfj'k gh esjs dqN dke vk,xh vkSj u ;s yksx eq>s ¼bl eqlhcr ls½ NqM+k gh ldsaxsa¼23½¼vxj ,slk d:¡½ rks ml oD+r eSa ;d+huh ljhgh xqejkgh esa gw¡ ¼24½eSa rks rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ij bZeku yk pqdk gw¡ esjh ckr lquks vkSj ekuks (exj mu yksxksa us mlslaxlkj dj Mkyk) ¼25½rc mls [kq+nk dk gqDe gqvk fd csfg'r esa tk ¼ml oD+r Hkh mldks d+kSe dk [+;ky vk;k rksdgk½ ¼26½esjs ijojfnxkj us tks eq>s c[+'k fn;k vkSj eq>s cqt+qZx yksxksa esa 'kkfey dj fn;k dk'k bldks esjhd+kSe ds yksx tku ysrs vkSj bZeku ykrs ¼27½vkSj geus mlds ejus ds ckn mldh d+kSe ij mudh rckgh ds fy, u rks vkleku ls dksbZy'kdj mrkjk vkSj u ge dHkh bruh lh ckr ds okLrs y'kdj mrkjus okys Fks ¼28½og rks flQZ ,d fpa?kkM Fkh ¼tks dj nh x;h cl½ fQj rks og QkSju fpjkx+s lgjh dh rjgcq> ds jg x, ¼29½gk, vQlksl cUnksa ds gky ij fd dHkh muds ikl dksbZ jlwy ugha vk;k exj mu yksxksa usmlds lkFk el[k+jkiu t+:j fd;k ¼30½D;k mu yksxksa us bruk Hkh x+kSj ugha fd;k fd geus muls igys fdruh mEerksa dks gykd djMkyk vkSj og yksx muds ikl gjfxt+ iyV dj ugha vk ldrs ¼31½¼gk¡½ vycRrk lc ds lc bdV~Bk gks dj gekjh ckjxkg esa gkft+j fd, tk,¡xs ¼32½vkSj muds ¼le>us½ ds fy, esjh dq+njr dh ,d fu'kkuh eqnkZ ¼ijrh½ t+ehu gS fd geus mldks¼ikuh ls½ ft+Unk dj fn;k vkSj ge gh us mlls nkuk fudkyk rks mls ;s yksx [kk;k djrs gSa¼33½vkSj ge gh us t+ehu esa Nqgkjksa vkSj v¡xwjksa ds ckx+ yxk, vkSj gegh us mlesa ikuh ds p'kesatkjh fd, ¼34½

kfd yksx muds Qy [kk,¡ vkSj dqN muds gkFkksa us mls ugha cuk;k ¼cfYd [kq+nk us½ rks D;k ;syksx ¼bl ij Hkh½ 'kqØ ugha djrs ¼35½og ¼gj ,sc ls½ ikd lkQ gS ftlus t+ehu ls mxus okyh pht+ksa vkSj [kq+n mu yksxksa ds vkSj mupht+ksa ds ftudh mUgsa [k+cj ugha lcds tksM+s iSnk fd, ¼36½vkSj esjh d+qnjr dh ,d fu'kkuh jkr gS ftlls ge fnu dks [khap dj fudky ysrs ¼tk,y djnsrs½ gSa rks ml oD+r ;s yksx v¡/ksjs esa jg tkrs gSa ¼37½vkSj ¼,d fu'kkuh½ vkQrkc gS tks vius ,d fBdkus ij py jgk gS ;s ¼lcls½ x+kfyc okfd+Q¼[kq+nk½ dk ¼ck¡Ìk gqvk½ vUnkt+k gS ¼38½vkSj geus pk¡n ds fy, eaft+ysa eqd+jZj dj nha gSa ;gk¡ rd fd fgj fQj ds ¼vkf[k+j ekg esa½[ktwj dh iqjkuh Vguh dk lk ¼iryk Vs

vkSj tc mu ¼dq+Q+kj½ ls dgk tkrk gS fd ¼ekys nqfu;k ls½ tks [kq+nk us rqEgsa fn;k gS mlesa lsdqN ¼[kq+nk dh jkg esa Hkh½ [k+pZ djks rks ¼;s½ dq+Q+kj bZekuokyks a ls dgrs gSa fd Hkyk ge ml'k[+l dks f[kyk,¡ ftls ¼rqEgkjs [+;ky ds eqokfQ+d+½ [kq+nk pkgrk rks mldks [kq+n f[kykrk fd rqeyksx cl ljhgh xqejkgh esa ¼iM+s gq,½ gks ¼47½vkSj dgrs gSa fd ¼Hkyk½ vxj rqe yksx ¼vius nkos esa lPps gks½ rks vkf[k+j ;s ¼d+;ker dk½ok;nk dc iwjk gksxk ¼48½¼,s jlwy½ ;s yksx ,d l[+r fpa?kkM+ ¼lwj½ ds equrft+j gSa tks mUgsa ¼ml oD+r½ ys Mkysxh ¼49½tc ;s yksx ckge >xM+ jgs gksxsa fQj u rks ;s yksx olh;r gh djus ik;saxs vkSj u vius yM+dsckyksa gh dh rjQ ykSV dj tk ldsxsa ¼50½vkSj fQj ¼tc nksckjk½ lwj Qw¡dk tk,xk rks mlh ne ;s lc yksx ¼viuh&viuh½ d+czksa ls¼fudy&fudy ds½ vius ijojfnxkj dh ckjxkg dh rjQ py [kM+s gksxs ¼51½vkSj ¼gSjku gksdj½ dgsxsa gk, vQlksl ge rks igys lks jgs Fks gesa [+okcxkg ls fdlus mBk;k¼tokc vk,xk½ fd ;s ogh ¼d+;ker dk½ fnu gS ftldk [kq+nk us ¼Hkh½ ok;nk fd;k Fkk ¼52½vkSj iSx+Ecjksa us Hkh lp dgk Fkk ¼d+;ker rks½ cl ,d l[+r fpa?kkM+ gksxh fQj ,dk ,dh ;syksx lc ds lc gekjs gqtw+j esa gkft+j fd, tk,¡xs ¼53½fQj vkt ¼d+;ker ds fnu½ fdlh 'k[+l ij dqN Hkh t+qYe u gksxk vkSj rqe yksxksa dks rks mlhdk cnyk fn;k tk,xk tks rqe yksx ¼nqfu;k esa½ fd;k djrs Fks ¼54½csg'r ds jgus okys vkt ¼jksts+ d+;ker½ ,d u ,d e'kx+ys esa th cgyk jgs gSa ¼55½og viuh chfo;ksa ds lkFk ¼BUMh½ Nk¡o esa rfd;k yxk, r[+rksa ij ¼pSu ls½ cSBs gq, gSa ¼56½cfsg'r esa muds fy, ¼rkt+k½ esos ¼rS;kj½ gSa vkSj tks og pkgsa muds fy, ¼gkft+j½ gS ¼57½esgjcku ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls lyke dk iSx+ke vk,xk ¼58½vkSj ¼,d vkokt+ vk,xh fd½ ,s xqukgxkjksa rqe yksx ¼buls½ vyx gks tkvks ¼59½

,s vkne dh vkSykn D;k eSaus rqEgkjs ikl ;s gqDe ugha Hkstk Fkk fd ¼[k+cjnkj½ 'kSrku dhijlfr'k u djuk og ;d+huh rqEgkjk [kqYye [kqYyk nq'eu gS ¼60½vkSj ;s fd ¼ns[kks½ flQZ esjh bcknr djuk ;gh ¼utkr dh½ lh/kh jkg gS ¼61½vkSj ¼ckotwn blds½ mlus rqeesa ls cgqrsjksa dks xqejkg dj NksM+k rks D;k rqe ¼bruk Hkh½ ughale>rs Fks ¼62½;s ogh tgUuqe gS ftldk rqels ok;nk fd;k x;k Fkk ¼63½rks vc pw¡fd rqe dqÝ djrs Fks bl otg ls vkt blesa ¼pqids ls½ pys tkvks ¼64½vkt ge muds eq¡g ij eqgj yxk nsxsa vkSj ¼tks½ dkjlrkfu;k¡ ;s yksx nqfu;k esa dj jgs Fks [kq+nmuds gkFk gedks crk nsxsa vkSj muds ik¡o xokgh nsxsa ¼65½vkSj vxj ge pkgsa rks mudh vk¡[kksa ij >kMw Qsj nsa rks ;s yksx jkg dks iM+s pDdj yxkrs

vkSj pkj ik;ksa esa muds ¼vkSj½ cgqr ls Qk;ns gSa vkSj ihus dh pht+ ¼nw/k½ rks D;k ;s yksx ¼blij Hkh½ 'kqØ ugha djrs ¼73½vkSj yksxksa us vYykg dks NksM+dj ¼Qt+hZ ekcwn cuk, gSa rkfd mUgsa muls dqN en~n feys gkyk¡fdog yksx mudh fdlh rjg en~n dj gh ugha ldrs ¼74½vkSj ;s dq+Q+kj mu ekcwnksa ds y'kdj gSa ¼vkSj d+;ker esa½ mu lcdh gkft+jh yh tk,xh ¼75½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe budh ckrksa ls vkt+qjnk [k+kfrj ¼isj'kku½ u gks tks dqN ;s yksx fNik dj djrsgSa vkSj tks dqN [kqYye [kqYyk djrs gSa&ge lcdks ;d+huh tkurs gSa ¼76½D;k vkneh us bl ij Hkh x+kSj ugha fd;k fd ge gh us bldks ,d t+yhy uqRQs+ ls iSnk fd;kfQj og ;dk;d ¼gekjk gh½ [kqYye [kqYyk eqd+kfcy ¼cuk½ gS ¼77½vkSj gekjh fulcr ckrsa cukus yxk vkSj viuh f[k+yd+r ¼dh gkyr½ Hkwy x;k vkSj dgus yxkfd Hkyk tc ;s gfì;k¡ ¼lM+xy dj½ [k+kd gks tk,¡xh rks ¼fQj½ dkSu ¼nksckjk½ ft+Unk dj ldrkgS ¼78½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd mldks ogh ft+Unk djsxk ftlus mudks ¼tc ;s dqN u Fks½ igyh ckjft+Unk dj ¼j[kk½ ¼79½vkSj og gj rjg dh iSnkb'k ls okfd+Q gS ftlus rqEgkjs okLrs ¼fe[k+Z vkSj vQ+kj ds½ gjs nj[+rls vkx iSnk dj nh fQj rqe mlls ¼vkSj½ vkx lqyxk ysrs gks ¼80½¼Hkyk½ ftl ¼[kq+nk½ us lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu iSnk fd, D;k og bl ij d+kcw ugha j[krk fdmuds feLy ¼nksckjk½ iSnk dj ns gk¡ ¼t+:j d+kcw j[krk gS½ vkSj og rks iSnk djus okykokfd+Q+dkj gS ¼81½mldh 'kku rks ;s gS fd tc fdlh pht+ dks ¼iSnk djuk½ pkgrk gS rks og dg nsrk gS fd Þgkstkß rks ¼QkSju½ gks tkrh gS ¼82½rks og [k+qn ¼gj u+l ls½ ikd lkQ+ gS ftlds d+Ct+s dq+njr esa gj pht+ dh fgder gS vkSj rqeyksx mlh dh rjQ ykSV dj tkvksxs ¼83½

37 lwjg lk+Q+kr ¼d+rkj½lwjg lk+Q+kr eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ,d lkS c;klh ¼182½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼bcknr ;k ftgkn esa½ ij ck¡/kus okyksa dh ¼d+le½ ¼1½fQj ¼cnksa dks cqjkbZ ls½ f>M+d dj Mk¡Vus okys dh ¼d+le½ ¼2½fQj dq+jku i

vkSj tc mUgsa le>k;k tkrk gS rks le>rs ugha gSa ¼13½vkSj tc fdlh ekSftts+ dks ns[krs gSa rks ¼mlls½ el[k+jkiu djrs gSa ¼14½vkSj dgrs gSa fd ;s rks cl [kqyk gqvk tknw gS ¼15½Hkyk tc ge ej tk,¡xs vkSj [k+kd vkSj gM~fM;k¡ jg tk,¡xs ¼16½rks D;k ge ;k gekjs vxys cki nknk fQj nksckjk d+czksa ls mBk [kM+s fd, tk¡,xs ¼17½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd gk¡ ¼t+:j mBk, tkvksxs½ ¼18½vkSj rqe t+yhy gksxs vkSj og ¼d+;ker½ rks ,d yydkj gksxh fQj rks og yksx Q+kSju gh ¼vk¡[ksQkM+&QkM+ ds½ ns[kus yxsaxs ¼19½vkSj dgsaxs gk, vQlksl ;s rks d+;ker dk fnu gS ¼20½¼tokc vk,xk½ ;s ogh QSlys dk fnu gS ftldks rqe yksx ¼nqfu;k esa½ >wB le>rs Fks ¼21½¼vkSj Q+fj'rksa dks gqDe gksxk fd½ tks yksx ¼nqfu;k esa½ ljd'kh djrs Fks mudks vkSj muds lkfFk;ksadks vkSj [kq+nk dks NksM+dj ftudh ijlfr'k djrs gSa ¼22½mudks ¼lcdks½ bdV~Bk djks fQj mUgsa tgUuqe dh jkg fn[kkvks ¼23½vkSj ¼gk¡ t+jk½ mUgsa Bgjkvks rks muls dqN iwNuk gS ¼24½¼vjs dec[+rksa½ vc rqEgsa D;k gksxk fd ,d nwljs dh enn ugha djrs ¼25½¼tokc D;k nsaxs½ cfYd og rks vkt xnZu >qdk, gq, gSa ¼26½vkSj ,d nwljs dh rjQ eqrkoTts gksdj ckge iwNrkN djsaxs ¼27½¼vkSj bUlku 'k;krhu ls½ dgsaxs fd rqe gh rks gekjh nkfguh rjQ ls ¼gesa cgdkus dks½ p

vkSj ¼lkQ+ rks ;s gS fd½ gekjh rqe ij dqN gqdwer rks Fkh ugha cfYd rqe [kq+n ljd'k yksx Fks¼30½fQj vc rks yksxksa ij gekjs ijojfnxkj dk ¼vt+kc dk½ d+kSy iwjk gks x;k fd vc ge lc;d+huu vt+kc dk et+k p[ksaxs ¼31½ge [kq+n xqejkg Fks rks rqe dks Hkh xqejkg fd;k ¼32½x+jt+ ;s yksx lc ds lc ml fnu vt+kc esa 'kjhd gksxsa ¼33½vkSj ge rks xqukgxkjksa ds lkFk ;w¡ gh fd;k djrs gSa ;s yksx ,sls ¼'kjhj½ Fks ¼34½fd tc muls dgk tkrk Fkk fd [kq+nk ds flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha rks vdM+k djrs Fks ¼35½vkSj ;s yksx dgrs Fks fd D;k ,d ikxy 'kk;j ds fy, ge vius ekcwnksa dks NksM+ cSBsa ¼vjsdEc[rksa ;s 'kk;j ;k ikxy ugha½ ¼36½cfYd ;s rks gd+ ckr ysdj vk;k gS vkSj ¼vxys½ iSx+Ecjksa dh rlnhd+ djrk gS ¼37½rqe yksx ¼vxj u ekuksxs½ rks t+:j nnZukd vt+kc dk et+k p[kksxs ¼38½vkSj rqEgsa rks mlds fd;s dk cnyk fn;k tk,xk tks ¼tks nqfu;k esa½ djrs jgs ¼39½exj [kq+nk ds cjxqthnk cUns ¼40½muds okLrs ¼csfg'r esa½ ,d eqd+jZj jkst+h gksxh ¼41½¼vkSj og Hkh ,slh oSlh ugha½ gj fd+Le ds esos ¼42½vkSj og yksx cM+h bT+t+r ls usver ds ¼yns gq,½ ¼43½ckx+ksa esa r[+rksa ij ¼pSu ls½ vkeus lkeus cSBs gksxs ¼44½muesa lkQ lQsn cqjkZd+ 'kjkc ds tke dk nkSj py jgk gksxk ¼45½

tks ihus okyksa dks cM+k et+k nsxh ¼46½¼vkSj fQj½ u ml 'kjkc esa [k+q+ekj dh otg ls½ nnZ lj gksxk vkSj u og ml ¼ds ihus½ lserokys gksaxs ¼47½vkSj muds igyw esa ¼'keZ ls½ uhph fuxkgsa djus okyh cM+h cM+h vk¡[kksa okyh ifj;k¡ gksxh ¼48½¼mudh½ xksjh&xksjh jaxrksa esa gYdh lh lq[k+hZ ,slh >ydrh gksxh ¼49½xks;k og vUMs gSa tks fNik, gq, j[ks gks ¼50½fQj ,d nwljs dh rjQ eqrkoTts ikdj ckge ckrphr djrs djrs muesa ls ,d dgus okyk cksymBsxk fd ¼nqfu;k esa½ esjk ,d nksLr Fkk ¼51½vkSj ¼eq>ls½ dgk djrk Fkk fd D;k rqe Hkh d+;ker dh rlnhd+ djus okyksa esa gks ¼52½¼Hkyk tc ge ej tk,¡xs½ vkSj ¼lM+ xy dj½ feêh vkSj gìh ¼gksdj½ jg tk,¡xs rks D;k gedksnksckjk ft+Unk djds gekjs ¼vkeky dk½ cnyk fn;k tk,xk ¼53½¼fQj vius csg'r ds lkfFk;ksa ls dgsxk½ ¼54½rks D;k rqe yksx Hkh ¼esjs lkFk mls >kad dj ns[kksxs½ x+jt+ >k¡dk rks mls chp tgUuqe esa ¼iM+kgqvk½ ns[kk ¼55½¼;s ns[k dj cslkk[rk½ cksy mBsxk fd [kq+nk dh d+le rqe rks eq>s Hkh rckg djus gh dks Fks¼56½vkSj vxj esjs ijojfnxkj dk ,glku u gksrk rks eSa Hkh ¼bl oD+r½ rsjh rjg tgUuqe esa fxj+rkjfd;k x;k gksrk ¼57½¼vc crkvks½ D;k ¼eSa rqe ls u dgrk Fkk½ fd ge dks bl igyh ekSr ds flok fQj ejuk ughagS ¼58½vkSj u ge ij ¼vk[k+sjr½ esa vt+kc gksxk ¼59½¼rks rqEgsa ;d+hu u gksrk Fkk½ ;s ;d+huh cgqr cM+h dke;kch gS ¼60½

,slh ¼gh dke;kch½ ds okLrs dke djus okyksa dks dkjxqt+kjh djuh pkfg, ¼61½Hkyk esgekuh ds okLrs ;s ¼lkeku½ csgrj gS ;k FkksgM+ dk nj[+r ¼tks tgUuqfe;ksa ds okLrs gksxk½¼62½ftls geus ;d+huu t+kfyeksa dh vkt+ekb'k ds fy, cuk;k gS ¼63½;s og nj[+r gSa tks tgUuqe dh rg esa mxrk gS ¼64½mlds Qy ,sls ¼cnuqek½ gSa xks;k ¼gw cgw½ lk¡i ds Qu ftls Nwrs fny Mjs ¼65½fQj ;s ¼tgUuqeh yksx½ ;d+huu mlesa ls [kk,¡xs fQj mlh ls vius isV Hkjsaxs ¼66½fQj mlds Åij ls mu dks [kw+c [kkSyrk gqvk ikuh ¼ihi ox+Sjg esa½ feyk feykdj ihus dks fn;ktk,xk ¼67½fQj ¼[kk ihdj½ mudks tgUuqe dh rjQ ;d+huu ykSV tkuk gksxk ¼68½mu yksxksa us viu cki nknk dks xqejkg ik;k Fkk ¼69½;s yksx Hkh muds ihNs nkSM+s pys tk jgs gSa ¼70½vkSj muds d+Cy vxyksa esa ls cgqrsjs xqejkg gks pqds ¼71½mu yksxksa ds Mjkus okys ¼iSx+Ecjksa½ dks Hkstk Fkk ¼72½t+jk ns[kks rks fd tks yksx Mjk, tk pqds Fks mudk D;k cqjk vUtke gqvk ¼73½exj ¼gk¡½ [kq+nk ds fujs [kjs cUns ¼egQwt+ jgs½ ¼74½vkSj uwg us ¼viuh dkS+e ls ek;wl gksdj½ gesa t+:j iqdkjk Fkk ¼ns[kks ge½ D;k [kw+c tokc nsusokys Fks ¼75½vkSj geus mudks vkSj muds yM+ds okyksa dks cM+h ¼l[+r½ eqlhcr ls utkr nh ¼76½

vkSj geus ¼muesa og cjdr nh fd½ mudh vkSykn dks ¼nqfu;k esa½ cjd+jkj j[kk ¼77½vkSj ckn dks vkus okys yksxksa esa mudk vPNk ppkZ ckd+h j[kk ¼78½fd lkjh [kq+nk;h esa ¼gj rjQ ls½ uwg ij lyke gS ¼79½ge usdh djus okyksa dks ;w¡ tt+k, [k+Sj vrk Qjekrs gSa ¼80½blesa 'kd ugha fd uwg gekjs ¼[k+kl½ bZekunkj cUnksa ls Fks ¼81½fQj geus ckd+h yksxksa dks Mqcks fn;k ¼82½vkSj ;d+huu mUgha ds rjhd+ks ij pyus okyksa esa bcjkghe ¼Hkh½ t+:j Fks ¼83½tc og vius ijojfnxkj ¼fd bcknr½ dh rjQ ¼igyw esa½ ,slk fny fy, gq, c

fd rqe cksyrs rd ugha ¼93½fQj rks bcjkghe nkfgus gkFk ls ekjrs gq, mu ij fiy iM+s ¼vkSj rksM+&QksM+ dj ,d cM+s cqr dsxys esa dqYgkM+h Mky nh½ ¼94½tc mu yksxksa dks [k+cj gq;h rks bcjkghe ds ikl nkSM+rs gq, igq¡ps ¼95½bcjkghe us dgk ¼vQ+lksl½ rqe yksx mldh ijlfr'k djrs gks ftls rqe yksx [kq+n rjk'k djcukrs gks ¼96½gkyk¡fd rqedks vkSj ftldks rqe yksx cukrs gks ¼lcdks½ [kq+nk gh us iSnk fd;k gS ¼;s lqudj½ ogyksx ¼vkil esa dgus yxs½ blds fy, ¼Hkêh dh lh½ ,d bekjr cukvks ¼97½vkSj ¼mlesa vkx lqyxk dj mlh ngdrh gq;h vkx esa bldks Mky nks½ fQj mu yksxksa us bcjkgheds lkFk eDdkjh djuh pkgh ¼98½rks geus ¼vkx lnZ xqyt+kj djds½ mUgsa uhpk fn[kk;k vkSj tc ¼vkt+j us½ bcjkghe dks fudkyfn;k rks cksys eSa vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ tkrk gw¡ ¼99½og vud+jhc gh eq>s :cjk dj nsxk ¼fQj x+jt dh½ ijojfnxkj eq>s ,d usdks dkj ¼Qjt+Un½buk;r Qjek ¼100½rks geus mudks ,d cM+s uje fnys yM+ds ¼ds iSnk gksus dh½ [kq+'k[k+cjh nh ¼101½fQj tc bLekbZy vius cki ds lkFk nkSM+ /kwi djus yxk rks ¼,d nQk½ bcjkghe us dgk csVk[kw+c eSa ¼ogh ds t+fj;s D;k½ ns[krk gw¡ fd eSa rks [kq+n rqEgsa ft+ckg dj jgk gw¡ rks rqe Hkh x+kSjdjks rqEgkjh blesa D;k jk; gS blekbZy us dgk vCck tku tks vkidks gqDe gqvk gS mldks ¼csrvEeqy½ dhft, vxj [kq+nk us pkgk rks eq>s vki lcz djus okyksa esa ls ik,xs ¼102½fQj tc nksuksa us ;s Bku yh vkSj cki us csVs dks ¼ft+ckg djus ds fy,½ ekFks ds cy fyVk;k¼103½vkSj geus ¼vkeknk ns[kdj½ vkokt+ nh ,s bcjkghe ¼104½

qeus vius [+okc dks lp dj fn[kk;k vc rqe nksuksa dks cM+s ejrcs feysxsa ge usdh djus okyksadks ;w¡ tt+k, [k+Sj nsrs gSa ¼105½blesa 'kd ugha fd ;s ;d+huh cM+k l[+r vkSj ljhgh bfErgku Fkk ¼106½vkSj geus bLekbZy dk fQ+n;k ,d ft+ckgs vt+he ¼cM+h dq+ckZuh½ d+jkj fn;k ¼107½vkSj geus mudk vPNk ppkZ ckn dks vkus okyksa esa ckd+h j[kk gS ¼108½fd ¼lkjh [kq+nk;h esa½ bcjkghe ij lyke ¼gh lyke½ gSa ¼109½ge ;w¡ usdh djus okyksa dks tt+k, [k+Sj nsrs gSa ¼110½cs'kd bcjkghe gekjs ¼[k+kl½ bZekunkj cUnksa esa Fks ¼111½vkSj geus bcjkghe dks blgkd+ ¼ds iSnk gksus dh½ [kq+'k[k+cjh nh Fkh ¼112½tks ,d usdkslkj uch Fks vkSj geus [kq+n bcjkghe ij vkSj blgkd+ ij viuh cjdr ukft+y dhvkSj bu nksuksa dh uLy esa ckt+ rks usdksdkj vkSj ckt+ ¼ukQjekuh djds½ viuh tku ij ljhghflre

ge usdh djus okyksa dks ;w¡ tt+k, [k+Sj vrk Qjekrs gSa ¼121½cs'kd ;s nksuksa gekjs ¼[k+kfyl bZekunkj cUnksa esa ls Fks½ ¼122½vkSj blesa 'kd ugha fd bfy;kl ;d+huu iSx+Ecjksa esa ls Fks ¼123½tc mUgksaus viuh d+kSe ls dgk fd rqe yksx ¼vYykg ls½ D;ksa ugha Mjrs ¼124½D;k rqe yksx cky ¼cqr½ dh ijlfr'k djrs gks vkSj [kq+nk dks NksM+s cSBs gks tks lcls csgrj iSnkdjus okyk gS ¼125½vkSj ¼tks½ rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj vkSj rqEgkjs vxys cki nknkvkas dk ¼Hkh½ ijojfnxkj gS ¼126½rks mls yksxksa us >qByk fn;k rks ;s yksx ;d+huu ¼tgUuqe½ esa fxjrkj fd, tk,¡xs ¼127½exj [kq+nk ds fujs [kjs cUns egQwt+ jgasxs ¼128½vkSj geus mudk ft+Ø [k+Sj ckn dks vkus okyksa esa ckd+h j[kk ¼129½fd ¼gj rjQ ls½ vkys ;klhu ij lyke ¼gh lyke½ gS ¼130½ge ;d+huu usdh djus okyksa dks ,slk gh cnyk fn;k djrs gSa ¼131½cs'kd og gekjs ¼[k+kfyl½ bZekunkj cUnksa esa Fks ¼132½vkSj blesa Hkh 'kd ugha fd ywr ;d+huh iSx+Ecjksa esa ls Fks ¼133½tc geus mudks vkSj muds yM+ds okyksa lc dks utkr nh ¼134½exj ,d ¼mudh½ cw

ks D;k rqe ¼bruk Hkh½ ugha le>rs ¼138½vkSj blesa 'kd ugha fd ;wuql ¼Hkh½ iSx+Ecjksa esa ls Fks ¼139½¼og oD+r ;kn djks½ tc ;wuql Hkkx dj ,d Hkjh gq;h d'rh ds ikl igq¡ps ¼140½rks ¼,gys d'rh us½ dq+jvk Mkyk rks ¼mudk gh uke fudyk½ ;wuql us t+d mBk;h ¼vkSj nfj;k esafxj iM+s½ ¼141½rks mudks ,d eNyh fuxy x;h vkSj ;wuql [kq+n ¼viuh½ eyker dj jgs Fks ¼142½fQj vxj ;wuql ¼[kq+nk dh½ rlchg ¼o ft+ؽ u djrs ¼143½rks jkst+s d+;ker rd eNyh ds isV esa jgrs ¼144½fQj geus mudks ¼eNyh ds isV ls fudky dj½ ,d [kqys eSnku esa Mky fn;k ¼145½vkSj ¼og FkksM+h nsj esa½ chekj fu

¼vjs dEc[rksa½ rqEgsa D;k tquwu gks x;k gS rqe yksx ¼cSBs&cSBs½ dSlk QSlyk djrs gks ¼154½rks D;k rqe ¼bruk Hkh½ x+kSj ugha djrs ¼155½;k rqEgkjs ikl ¼bldh½ dksbZ okt+s, o jkS'ku nyhy gS ¼156½rks vxj rqe ¼vius nkos es a½ lPps gks rks viuh fdrkc is'k djks ¼157½vkSj mu yksxksa us [kq+nk vkSj ftUukr ds njfE;ku fj'rk ukrk eqd+jZj fd;k gS gkyk¡fd ftUukr c[kw+chtkurs gSa fd og yksx ;d+huh ¼d+;ker esa cUnksa dh rjg½ gkft+j fd, tk,¡xs ¼158½;s yksx tks ckrsa cuk;k djrs gSa buls [kq+nk ikd lkQ+ gS ¼159½exj [kq+nk ds fujs [kjs cUns ¼,slk ugha dgrs½ ¼160½x+jt+ rqe yksx [kq+n vkSj rqEgkjs ekcwn ¼161½mlds f[k+ykQ ¼fdlh dks½ cgdk ugha ldrs ¼162½exj mldks tks tgUuqe esa >ksadk tkus okyk gS ¼163½vkSj Qfj'rs ;k vkbEek rks ;s dgrs gSa fd eSa gj ,d dk ,d njtk eqd+jZj gS ¼164½vkSj ge rks ;d+huu ¼mldh bcknr ds fy,½ lQ ck¡/ks [kM+s jgrs gSa ¼165½vkSj ge rks ;d+huh ¼mldh½ rLchg i

¼exj tc fdrkc vk;h½ rks mu yksxksa us mlls bUdkj fd;k [k+Sj vud+jhc ¼mldk urhtk½ mUgsaekywe gks tk,xk ¼170½vkSj vius [k+kl cUnksa iSx+Ecjksa ls gekjh ckr iDdh gks pqdh gS ¼171½fd bu yksxksa dh ¼gekjh ckjxkg ls½ ;d+huh enn dh tk,xh ¼172½vkSj gekjk y'dj rks ;d+huu x+kfyc jgsxk ¼173½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe muls ,d [k+kl oD+r rd eq¡g Qsjs jgks ¼174½vkSj budks ns[krs jgks rks ;s yksx vud+jhc gh ¼viuk urhtk½ ns[k ysxs ¼175½rks D;k ;s yksx gekjs vt+kc dh tYnh dj jgs gSa ¼176½fQj tc ¼vt+kc½ mudh vaxukbZ esa mrj iMs+xk rks tks yksx Mjk, tk pqds gSa mudh Hkh D;kcqjh lqcg gksxh ¼177½vkSj mu yksxksa ls ,d [k+kl oD+r rd eq¡g Qsjs jgks ¼178½vkSj ns[krs jgks ;s yksx rks [kq+n vud+jhc gh viuk vUtke ns[k ysxsa ¼179½;s yksx tks ckrsa ¼[kq+nk ds ckjs esa½ cuk;k djrs gSa muls rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj bT+t+r dk ekfydikd lkQ gS ¼180½vkSj iSx+Ecjksa ij ¼nq:n½ lyke gks ¼181½vkSj dqy rkjhQ [kq+nk gh ds fy, lt+kokj gSa tks lkjs tgk¡u dk ikyus okyk gS ¼182½

38 lwjg lknlwjg lkn eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh vB~Bklh ¼88½ vk;ras gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSlvkn ulhgr djus okys dq+jku dh d+le ¼rqe cjgd+ uch gks½ ¼1½exj ;s dq+Q+kj ¼[+okge[+okg½ rdCcqj vkSj vnkor esa ¼iM+s va/ks gks jgsa gSa½ ¼2½geus mu ls igys fdrus fxjksg gykd dj Mkys rks ¼vt+kc ds oD+r½ ;s yksx ph[k+ mBs exjNqVdkjs dk oD+r gh u jgk Fkk ¼3½vkSj mu yksxksa us bl ckr ls rkTtqc fd;k fd mUgha esa dk ¼vt+kcs [kq+nk ls½ ,d Mjkusokyk¼iSx+Ecj½ muds ikl vk;k vkSj dkfQj yksx dgus yxs fd ;s rks cM+k ¼f[kykM+h½ tknwxj vkSjiDdk >wBk gS ¼4½Hkyk ¼ns[kks rks½ mlus reke ekcwnksa dks ¼efV;kesV djds cl½ ,d gh ekcwn d+k;e j[kk ;s rks;d+huh cM+h rkTtqc [ks+t+ ckr gS ¼5½vkSj muesa ls pUn joknkj yksx ¼etfyl o vt+k ls½ ;s ¼dg dj½ py [kM+s gq, fd ¼;gk¡ ls½py nks vkSj vius ekcwnksa dh bcknr ij tes jgks ;d+huu blesa ¼mldh½ dqN t+krh x+jt+ gS ¼6½ge yksxksa us rks ;s ckr fiNys nhu esa dHkh lquh Hkh ugha gks u gks ;s mldh eu x

¼,s jlwy mu iSx+Ecjksa ds lkFk >xM+us okys½ fxjksgksa esa ls ;gk¡ rqEgkjs eqd+kcys esa Hkh ,d y'kdjgS tks f'kdLr [kk,xk ¼11½muls igys uwg dh d+kSe vkSj vkn vkSj fQjvkSu esa[k+ksa okyk ¼12½vkSj lewn vkSj ywr dh d+kSe vkSj taxy ds jgus okys ¼d+kSe 'kq,sc ;s lc iSx+Ecjksa dks½ >qBykpqdh gSa ;gh og fxjksg gS ¼13½¼tks f'kdLr [kk pqds½ lc gh us rks iSx+Ecjksa dks >qByk;k rks gekjk vt+kc Bhd vk ukft+y gqvk¼14½vkSj ;s ¼dkfQj½ yksx cl ,d fpa?kkM+ ¼lwj ds eqUrft+j gSa tks fQj mUgsa½ p'esa t+nu dh eksgyru nsxh ¼15½vkSj ;s yksx ¼et+kd ls½ dgrs gSa fd ijojfnxkj fglkc ds fnu ¼d+;ker ds½ d+Cy gh ¼tks½gekjh fd+Ler dks fy[kk ¼gks½ gesa tYnh ns ns ¼16½¼,s jlwy½ tSlh tSlh ckrsa ;s yksx djrs gSa mu ij lcz djks vkSj gekjs cUns nkÅn dks ;kn djkstks cM+s dw+or okys Fks ¼17½cs'kd og gekjh ckjxkg esas cM+s :tw djus okys Fks geus igkM+ksa dks Hkh rkcsnkj cuk fn;k Fkkfd muds lkFk lqcg vkSj 'kke ¼[kq+nk dh½ rLchg djrs Fks ¼18½vkSj ifjUns Hkh ¼;kns [kq+nk ds oD+r fleV½ vkrs vkSj muds Qjekcjnkj Fks ¼19½vkSj geus mudh lYrur dks et+cwr dj fn;k vkSj geus mudks fgder vkSj cgl ds QSlys dhdw+or vrk Qjek;h Fkh ¼20½¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqe rd mu nkosnkjksa dh Hkh [k+cj igq¡ph gS fd tc og gqtjs ¼bcknr½ dhnhokj Qk¡n iMs+ ¼21½¼vkSj½ tc nkÅn ds ikl vk [kM+s gq, rks og muls Mj x, mu yksxksa us dgk fd vki Mjsa ugha¼ge nksuksa½ ,d eqd+íesa ds Q+jhdS+u gSa fd ge esa ls ,d us nwljs ij T+;knrh dh gS rks vki

gekjs njfE;ku Bhd&Bhd QSlyk dj nhft, vkSj bUlkQ ls us xqt+fj;s vkSj gesa lh/kh jkg fn[kknhft, ¼22½¼eqjkn ;s gSa fd½ ;s ¼'k[+l½ esjk HkkbZ gS vkSj mlds ikl fuukUuos nqfEc;k¡ gSa vkSj esjs ikl flQZ,d nqEch gS ml ij Hkh ;s eq>ls dgrk gS fd ;s nqEch Hkh eq>h dks ns nsa vkSj ckrphr esa eq>ij l[+rh djrk gS ¼23½nkÅn us ¼cx+Sj blds fd eqnk vkySg ls dqN iwNsa½ dg fn;k fd ;s tks rsjh nqEch ek¡x djviuh nqfEc;ksa esa feykuk pkgrk gS rks ;s rq> ij t+qYe djrk gS vkSj vDlj 'kqjdk ¼dh½ ;dh+uu¼;s gkyr gS fd½ ,d nwljs ij tq+Ye fd;k djrs gSa exj ftu yksxksa us ¼lPps fny ls½ bZekudq+cwy fd;k vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke fd, ¼og ,slk ugha djrs½ vkSj ,sls yksx cgqr gh de gSa¼;s lqudj nksuksa py fn,½ vkSj vc nkÅn us le>k fd geus mudk bfersgku fy;k ¼vkSj og ukdke;kc jgs½ fQj rks vius ijojfnxkj ls cf[+'k'k dh nqvk ek¡xus yxs vkSj ltns esa fxj iM+svkSj ¼esjh½ rjQ :tw dh ¼24½ ltnk 11rks geus mudh og x+yrh ekQ dj nh vkSj blesa 'kd ugha fd gekjh ckjxkg esa mudk rd+jqZcvkSj vUtke vPNk gqvk ¼25½¼geus Qjek;k½ ,s nkÅn geus rqedks t+ehu esa ¼viuk½ uk,c d+jkj fn;k rks rqe yksxksa ds njfE;kufcYdqy Bhd QSlyk fd;k djks vkSj uQ+fl;kuh [+okfg'k dh iSjoh u djks clk ;s ihjksa rqEgsavYykg dh jkg ls cgdk nsxh blesa 'kd ugha fd tks yksx [kq+nk dh jkg esa HkVdrs gSa mudhcM+h l[+r lt+k gksxh D;ksafd mu yksxksa us fglkc ds fnu ¼d+;ker½ dks Hkqyk fn;k ¼26½vkSj geus vkleku vkSj t+ehu vkSj tks pht+sa mu nksuksa ds njfE;ku gSa csdkj ugha iSnk fd;k ;s muyksxksa dk [+;ky gS tks dkfQ+j gks cSBs rks tks yksx nkst+[k+ ds equfdj gSa mu ij vQ+lksl gS¼27½D;k ftu yksxksa us bZeku dq+cwy fd;k vkSj vPNs&vPNs dke fd, mudks ge ¼mu yksxksa ds cjkcj½dj nsa tks :, t+ehu esa Qlkn QSyk;k djrs gSa ;k ge ijgst+xkjksa dks fely cndkjksa ds cuk nsa¼28½¼,s jlwy½ fdrkc ¼dq+jku½ tks geus rqEgkjs ikl ukft+y dh gS ¼cM+h½ cjdr okyh gS rkfd yksxbldh vk;rksa esa x+kSj djsa vkSj rkfd vD+y okys ulhgr gkfly djsa ¼29½vkSj geus nkÅn dks lqyseku ¼lk csVk½ vrk fd;k ¼lqyseku Hkh½ D;k vPNs cUns Fks ¼30½

cs'kd og gekjh rjQ :tw djus okys Fks bÙksQkd+u ,d nQ+k rhljs igj dks [k+kls ds vlhy?kksM+s muds lkeus is'k fd, x, ¼31½rks ns[kus esa my>s ds uokfQy esa nsj gks x;h tc ;kn vk;k rks cksys fd eSaus vius ijojfnxkjdh ;kn ij eky dh myQ+r dks rjthg nh ;gk¡ rd fd vkQ+rkc ¼ex+fjc ds½ insZ esa Nqi x;k¼32½¼rks cksys vPNk½ bu ?kksM+ksa dks esjs ikl okil ykvks ¼tc vk,½ rks ¼nsj ds d+Q+kjk esa½ ?kksM+ksadh Vk¡xksa vkSj xnZuksa ij gkFk Qsj ¼dkV½ us yxs ¼33½vkSj geus lqyseku dk bErsgku fy;k vkSj muds r[+r ij ,d cstku /kM+ ykdj fxjk fn;k ¼34½fQj ¼lqyseku us esjh rjQ½ :tw dh ¼vkSj½ dgk ijojfnxkj eq>s c[+'k ns vkSj eq>s og eqYdvrk Qjek tks esjs ckn fdlh ds okLrs 'kk;k¡g u gks blesa rks 'kd ugha fd rw cM+k c[+'kusokyk gS ¼35½rks geus gok dks mudk rkcs, dj fn;k fd tgk¡ og igq¡puk pkgrs Fks muds gqDe ds eqrkfcd+/kheh pky pyrh Fkh ¼36½vkSj ¼blh rjg½ ftrus 'k;krhu ¼nso½ bekjr cukus okys vkSj x+ksrk yxkus okys Fks ¼37½lcdks ¼rkcs, dj fn;k vkSj blds vykok½ nwljs nsoksa dks Hkh tks t+at+hjksa esa tdM+s gq, Fks ¼38½,s lqyseku ;s gekjh csfglkc vrk gS il ¼mls yksxksa dks nsdj½ ,glku djks ;k ¼lc½ vius ghikl j[kks ¼39½vkSj blesa 'kd ugha fd lqyseku dh gekjh ckjxkg esa dq+cZ o et+syr vkSj menk txg gS ¼40½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ gekjs ¼[k+kl½ cUns v¸;wc dks ;kn djks tc mUgksaus vius ijojfxkj ls Qfj;kn dhfd eq>dks 'kSrku us cgqr vt+h;r vkSj rdyhQ igq¡pk j[kh gS ¼41½rks geus dgk fd vius ik¡o ls ¼t+ehu dks½ Bqdjk nks vkSj p'ek fudkyk rks geus dgk ¼,sv¸;wc½ rqEgkjs ugkus vkSj ihus ds okLrs ;s BUMk ikuh ¼gkft+j½ gS ¼42½

vkSj geus mudks vkSj muds yM+ds okys vkSj muds lkFk mrus gh vkSj viuh [k+kl esgjckuh lsvrk fd, ¼43½vkSj vD+yeanksa ds fy, bcjr o ulhgr ¼d+jkj nh½ vkSj geus dgk ,s v¸;wc rqe vius gkFk lslhadks dk eV~Bk yks ¼vkSj mlls viuh choh dks½ ekjks viuh d+le esa >wBs u cuks geus dgkv¸;wc dks ;d+huu lkfcj ik;k og D;k vPNs cUns Fks ¼44½cs'kd og gekjh ckjxkg esa cM+s >qdus okys Fks vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ gekjs cUnksa esa bczkghe vkSjblgkd+ vkSj cs'kd og ¼gekjh ckjxkg esa½ cM+s >qdus okys Fks vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ gekjs cUnksa esabcjkghe vkSj blgkd+ vkSj ;kdw+c dks ;kn djks tks dqor vkSj clhjr okys Fks ¼45½geus mu yksxksa dsk ,d [k+kl flQr vk[k+sjr dh ;kn ls eqerkt+ fd;k Fkk ¼46½vkSj blesa 'kd ugha fd ;s yksx gekjh ckjxkg esa cjxqt+hnk vkSj usd yksxksa esa gSa ¼47½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ bLekbZy vkSj vy;lk vkSj tq+yfdQ+y dks ¼Hkh½ ;kn djks vkSj ¼;s½ lc usd cUnksaesa gSa ¼48½;s ,d ulhgr gS vkSj blesa 'kd ugha fd ijgst+xkjksa ds fy, ¼vk[k+sjr esa½ ;d+huh vPNhvkjkexkg gS ¼49½¼;kfu½ ges'kk jgus ds ¼csfg'r ds½ lnkcgkj ckx+kr ftuds njokt+s muds fy, ¼cjkcj½ [kqys gksxsa¼50½vkSj ;s yksx ogk¡ rfd;s yxk, gq, ¼pSu ls cSBs½ gksxsa ogk¡ ¼[kq+n~nkes csfg'r ls½ dljr ls esosvkSj 'kjkc e¡xok,¡xs ¼51½vkSj muds igyw esa uhph ut+jksa okyh ¼'kjehyh½ deflu chfo;k¡ gksxh ¼52½¼eksfeuksa½ ;s og pht+ gSa ftudk fglkc ds fnu ¼d+;ker½ ds fy, rqels ok;nk fd;k tkrk gS¼53½cs'kd ;s gekjh ¼nh gq;h½ jkst+h gS tks dHkh reke u gksxh ¼54½

;s ijgst+xkjksa dk ¼vUtke½ gS vkSj ljd'kksa dk rks ;d+huh cqjk fBdkuk gS ¼55½tgUuqe ftlesa mudks tkuk iM+sxk rks og D;k cqjk fBdkuk gS ¼56½;s [kkSyrk gqvk ikuh vkSj ihi vkSj bl rjg vuok vd+lke dh nwljh pht+s gSa ¼57½rks ;s yksx mUgha iM+s p[kk djsa ¼dqN yksxksa ds ckjs esa½ cM+ksa ls dgk tk,xk ¼58½;s ¼rqEgkjh psyksa dh½ QkSt Hkh rqEgkjs lkFk gh xM+uk ;s fcYdqy ;d+huh Bhd gS ¼64½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eSa rks cl ¼vt+kcs [kq+nk ls½ Mjkus okyk gw¡ vkSj ;drk d+gkj [kq+nk dsflok dksbZ ekcwn d+kfcys ijlfr'k ugha ¼65½lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu dk vkSj tks pht+s mu nksuksa ds njfe;ku gSa ¼lcdk½ ijojfnxkj x+kfyccM+k c[+'kus okyk gS ¼66½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ;s ¼d+;ker½ ,d cgqr cM+k okfd+;k gS ¼67½ftlls rqe yksx ¼[+okgek[+okg½ eq¡g Qsjrs gks ¼68½

vkye ckyk ds jgus okys ¼Qfj'rs½ tc okge cgl djrs Fks mldh eq>s Hkh [k+cj u Fkh ¼69½esjs ikl rks cl ogh dh x;h gS fd eSa ¼[kq+nk ds vt+kc ls½ lkQ&lkQ Mjkus okyk gw¡ ¼70½¼og cgl ;s Fkh fd½ tc rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us Qfj'rksa ls dgk fd eSa xhyh feêh ls ,dvkneh cukus okyk gw¡ ¼71½rks tc eSa mldks nq:Lr dj yw¡ vkSj blesa viuh ¼iSnk½ dh gq;h :g Qw¡d nks rks rqe lc dslc mlds lkeus ltns esa fxj iM+uk ¼72½rks lc ds lc dqy Qfj'rksa us ltnk fd;k ¼73½exj ¼,d½ bcyhl us fd og 'ks[k+h esa vk x;k vkSj dkfQjksa esa gks x;k ¼74½vYykg us ¼bcyhl ls½ Qjek;k fd ,s bcyhl ftl pht+ dks eSaus viuh [k+kl dq+njr ls iSnkfd;k ¼Hkyk½ mldks ltnk djus ls rq>s fdlh us jksdk D;k rwus rd+Ccqj fd;k ;k okdbZ rw cM+snjts okysa esa gS ¼75½bcyhl cksy mBk fd eSa mlls csgrj gw¡ rwus eq>s vkx ls iSnk fd;k vkSj bldks rwus xhyh feêhls iSnk fd;k ¼76½¼dgk¡ vkx dgk¡ feêh½ [kq+nk us Qjek;k fd rw ;gk¡ ls fudy ¼nwj gks½ rw ;d+huh ejnwn gS ¼77½vkSj rq> ij jkst+ tt+k ¼d+;ker½ rd esjh fQVdkj iM+k djsxh ¼78½'kSrku us vt+Z dh ijojfnxkj rw eq>s ml fnu rd dh eksgyr vrk dj ftlesa lc yksx ¼nksckjk½mBk [kM+s fd, tk;asxs ¼79½Qjek;k rq>s ,d oD+r eqv¸;u ds fnu rd dh eksgyr nh x;h ¼80½og cksyk rsjh gh bT+t+r o tyky dh d+le ¼81½muesa ls rsjs [k+kfyl cUnksa ds flok lc ds lc dks t+:j xqejkg d:¡xk ¼82½

[kq+nk us Qjek;k rks ¼ge Hkh½ gd+ ckr ¼dgs nsrs gSa½ ¼83½vkSj eSa rks gd+ gh dgk djrk gw¡ ¼84½fd eSa rq>ls vkSj tks yksx rsjh rkcsnkjh djsaxs mu lc ls tgUuqe dks t+:j Hk:¡xk ¼85½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eSa rks rqels u bl ¼rcyhx+s fjlkyr½ dh et+nwjh ek¡xrk gw¡ vkSj u eSa¼>wB ewB½ cukoV djus okyk gw¡ ¼86½;s ¼d+qjku½ rks cl lkjs tgk¡u ds fy, ulhgr gS ¼87½vkSj dqN fnuksa ckn rqedks bldh gd+hdr ekywe gks tk,xh ¼88½

39 lwjg tq-ejlwjg tq-ej eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh ipgÙkj ¼75½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼bl½ fdrkc ¼d+qjku½ dk ukft+y djuk ml [kq+nk dh ckjxkg ls gS tks ¼lc ij½ x+kfyc fgderokyk gS ¼1½¼,s jlwy½ geus fdrkc ¼dq+jku½ dks fcYdqy Bhd ukft+y fd;k gS rks rqe bcknr dks mlh dsfy, fujk [kqjk djds [kq+nk dh cUnxh fd;k djks ¼2½vkxkg jgks fd bcknr rks [k+kl [kq+nk gh ds fy, gS vkSj ftu yksxksa us [kq+nk ds flok ¼vkSjksa dksviuk½ ljijLr cuk j[kk gS vkSj dgrs gSa fd ge rks mudh ijlfr'k flQ+Z blfy, djrs gSa fd;s yksx [kq+nk dh ckjxkg esa gekjk rd+jZc cwBs uk'kqØs dkseaft+ys ed+lwn rd ugha igq¡pk;k djrk ¼3½vxj [kq+nk fdlh dks ¼viuk½ csVk cukuk pkgrk rks vius e[k+ywd+kr esa ls ftls pkgrk eqUrf[kcdj ysrk ¼exj½ og rks mlls ikd o ikdht+k gS og rks ;drk cM+k t+cjnLr vYykg gS ¼4½mlh us lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu dks ctk ¼nq:Lr½ iSnk fd;k ogh jkr dks fnu ij Åij rysyisVrk gS vkSj ogh fnu dks jkr ij rg c rg yisVrk gS vkSj mlh us vkQrkc vkSj egrkc dksvius cl esa dj fy;k gS fd ;s lcds lc vius ¼vius½ eqd+jjZ oD+r pyrs jgsxsa vkxkg jgksfd ogh x+kfyc cM+k c[+'kus okyk gS ¼5½mlh us rqe lcdks ,d gh 'k[+l ls iSnk fd;k fQj ml ¼dh ckd+h feêh½ ls mldh chch¼gkSOok½ dks iSnk fd;k vkSj mlh us rqEgkjs fy, vkB fd+Le ds pkjik, iSnk fd, ogh rqedksrqEgkjh ek¡vksa ds isV esa ,d fd+Le dh iSnkb'k ds ckn nwljh fd+Le ¼uqRQs tek gqvk [kw+u yksFkM+k½dh iSnkb'k ls rsgjs rsgjs v¡/ksjksa ¼isV½ jge vkSj f>Yyh esa iSnk djrk gS ogh vYykg rqEgkjkijojfnxkj gS mlh dh ckn'kkgh gS mlds flok ekcwn ugha rks rqe yksx dgk¡ fQjs tkrs gks ¼6½vxj rqeus mldh uk'kqØh dh rks ¼;kn j[kks fd½ [kq+nk rqels fcYdqy csijokg gS vkSj vius cUnksals dqÝ vkSj uk'kqØh dks ilUn ugha djrk vkSj vxj rqe 'kqØ djksxs rks og mldks rqEgkjs okLrsilUn djrk gS vkSj ¼d+;ker esa½ dksbZ fdlh ¼ds xqukg½ dk cks> ¼viuh xnZu ij½ ugha mBk,xk

fQj rqedks vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ykSVuk gS rks ¼nqfu;k esa½ tks dqN ¼Hkyk cqjk½ djrs Fks ogrqEgsa crk nsxk og ;d+huu fnyksa ds jkt+ ¼rd½ ls [kw+c okfd+Q gS ¼7½vkSj vkneh ¼dh gkyr rks ;s gS fd½ tc mldks dksbZ rdyhQ igq¡prh gS rks mlh dh rjQ :twdjds vius ijojfnxkj ls nqvk djrk gS ¼exj½ fQj tc [kq+nk viuh rjQ ls mls usver vrkQ+jek nsrk gS rks ftl dke ds fy, igys mlls nqvk djrk Fkk mls Hkqyk nsrk gS vkSj cfYd[kq+nk dk 'kjhd cukus yxrk gS rkfd ¼ml t+fj, ls vkSj yksxksa dks Hkh½ mldh jkg ls xqejkgdj ns ¼,s jlwy ,sls 'k[+l ls½ dg nks fd FkksM+s fnuksa vkSj vius dqÝ ¼dh gkyr½ esa pSu djyks ¼8½¼vkf[k+j½ rw ;d+huh tgUuqfe;ksa esa gksxk D;k tks 'k[+l jkr ds vod+kr esa ltnk djds vkSj[kM+s&[kM+s ¼[kq+nk dh½ bcknr djrk gks vkSj vk[k+sjr ls Mjrk gks vius ijojfnxkj dh jger dkmEehnokj gks ¼uk'kqØs½ dkfQj ds cjkcj gks ldrk gS ¼,s jlwy½ rqe iwNks rks fd Hkyk dgha tkuusokys vkSj u tkuusokys yksx cjkcj gks ldrs gS a ¼exj½ ulhgr bcjrsa rks cl vD+yeUn gh yksxekurs gSa ¼9½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ,s esjs bZekunkj cUnksa vius ijojfnxkj ¼gh½ ls Mjrs jgks ¼D;ksafd½ftu yksxksa us bl nqfu;k esa usdh dh mUgha ds fy, ¼vk[k+sjr esa½ HkykbZ gS vkSj [kq+nk dh t+ehurks dq'kknk gS ¼tgk¡ bcknr u dj ldks mls NksM+ nks½ lcz djus okyksa gh dh rks mudk Hkjiwjcsfglkc cnyk fn;k tk,xk ¼10½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eq>s rks ;s gqDe fn;k x;k gS fd eSa bcknr dks mlds fy, [k+kldjds [kq+nk gh dh cUnxh djks ¼11½vkSj eq>s rks ;s gqDe fn;k x;k gS fd eSa lcls igy eqlyeku gw¡ ¼12½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd vxj eSa vius ijojfnxkj dh ukQjekuh d:¡ rks eSa ,d cM+h ¼l[+r½fnu ¼d+;ker½ ds vt+kc ls Mjrk gw¡ ¼13½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eSa viuh bcknr dks mlh ds okLrs [k+kfyl djds [kq+nk gh dh cUnxhdjrk gw¡ ¼vc jgs rqe½ rks mlds flok ftldks pkgks iwtks ¼14½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd fQy gd+hd+r ?kkVs esa ogh yksx gSa ftUgksaus viuk vkSj vius yM+dsokyksa dk d+;ker ds fnu ?kkVk fd;k vkxkg jgks fd ljhgh ¼[kqYye [kqYyk½ ?kkVk ;gh gS fdmuds fy, muds Åij ls vkx gh ds vks

vkSj muds uhps Hkh ¼vkx gh ds½ fcNkSus ;s og vt+kc gS ftlls [kq+nk vius cUnksa dks Mjkrk gSrks ,s esjs cUnksa eq>h ls Mjrs jgks ¼16½vkSj tks yksx cqrksa ls muds iwtus ls cps jgs vkSj vYykg gh dh rjQ :tq dh muds fy,¼tUur dh½ [k+q'k[k+cjh gS ¼17½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe esjs ¼[k+kl½ cUnksa dks [kq+'k[k+cjh ns nks tks ckr dks th yxkdj lqurs gSa vkSjfQj mlesa ls vPNh ckr ij vey djrs gSa ;gh og yksx gSa ftudh [kq+nk us fgnk;r dh vkSj;gh yksx vD+yeUn gSa ¼18½rks ¼,s jlwy½ Hkyk ftl 'k[+l ij vt+kc dk ok;nk iwjk gks pqdk gks rks D;k rqe ml 'k[+ldh [k+yklh ns ldrs gks ¼19½tks vkx esa ¼iM+k½ gks exj tks yksx vius ijojfnxkj ls Mjrs jgs muds Å¡ps&Å¡ps egy gSa ¼vkSj½ckyk [k+kuksa ij ckyk[k+kus cus gq, gSa ftuds uhps ugjsa tkjh gSa ;s [kq+nk dk ok;nk gS ¼vkSj½ ok;nkf[k+ykQh ugha fd;k djrk ¼20½D;k rqeus bl ij x+kSj ugha fd;k fd [kq+nk gh us vkleku ls ikuh cjlk;k fQj mldks t+ehu esap'esa cukdj tkjh fd;k fQj mlds t+fj, ls jax fcjax ¼ds xYys½ dh [ksrh mxkrk gS fQj ¼idusds ckn½ lw[k tkrh gS rks rqe dks og t+nZ fn[kk;h nsrh gS fQj [kq+nk mls pwj&pwj Hkwlk dj nsrkgS cs'kd blesa vD+yeUnksa ds fy, ¼cM+h½ bcjr o ulhgr gS ¼21½rks D;k og 'k[+l ftl ds lhus dks [kq+nk us ¼d+qcwy½ bLyke ds fy, dq'kknk dj fn;k gS rksog vius ijojfnxkj ¼dh fgnk;r½ dh jkS'kuh ij ¼pyrk½ gS exj xqejkgksa ds cjkcj gks ldrkgS vQlksl rks mu yksxksa ij gS ftuds fny [kq+nk dh ;kn ls ¼x+kfQ+y gksdj½ l[+r gks x, gSa¼22½;s yksx ljhgh xqejkgh esa ¼iM+s½ gSa vYykg us cgqr gh vPNk dyke ¼;koh ;s½ fdrkc ukft+yQjekbZ ¼ftldh vk;rsa½ ,d nwljs ls feyrh tqyrh gSa vkSj ¼,d ckr dbZ&dbZ ckj½ nksgjkbZ x;hgS mlds lquus ls mu yksxksa ds jksaxVs [kM+s gks tkrs gSa tks vius ijojfnxkj ls Mjrs gSa fQj mudsftLe uje gks tkrs gSa vkSj muds fny [kq+nk dh ;kn dh rjQ ck bresuku eqrkoTts gks tkrs gSa;s [kq+nk dh fgnk;r gS blh ls ftldh pkgrk gS fgnk;r djrk gS vkSj [kq+nk ftldks xqejkgh esaNksM+ ns rks mldks dksbZ jkg ij ykus okyk ugha ¼23½

ks D;k tks 'k[+l d+;ker ds fnu vius eq¡g dks cM+s vt+kc dh flij cuk,xk ¼ukt+h ds cjkcjgks ldrk gS½ vkSj t+kfyeksa ls dgk tk,xk fd rqe ¼nqfu;k esa½ tSlk dqN djrs Fks vc mlds et+sp[kks ¼24½tks yksx muls igys xqt+j x, mUgksaus Hkh ¼iSx+Ecjksa dks½ >qByk;k rks mu ij vt+kc bl rjg vkigq¡pk fd mUgsa [k+cj Hkh u gq;h ¼25½rks [kq+nk us mUgsa ¼blh½ nqfu;k dh ft+Unxh esa :lokbZ dh yT+t+r p[kk nh vkSj vk[k+sjr dk vt+kcrks ;d+huh mlls dgha cxM+kyw lk>h gSa vkSj ,d t+kfye gS fd iwjk ,d 'k[+l dk gS mu nksuksa dhgkyr ;dlk¡ gks ldrh gSa ¼gjfxt+ ugha½ vYgenksfyYykg exj muesa vDlj bruk Hkh ugha tkurs¼29½¼,s jlwy½ cs'kd rqe Hkh ejus okys gks ¼30½vkSj ;s yksx Hkh ;d+huu ejus okys gSa fQj rqe yksx d+;ker ds fnu vius ijojfnxkj dh ckjxkgesa ckge >xM+ksxs ¼31½rks blls cwB ¼rwQku½ ck¡/ks vkSj tc mlds ikl lPphckr vk, rks mldks >qByk ns D;k tgUuqe esa dkkfQjksa dk fBdkuk ugha gS ¼32½¼t+:j gS½ vkSj ;kn j[kks fd tks 'k[+l ¼jlwy½ lPph ckr ysdj vk;k og vkSj ftlus mldhrlnhd+ dh ;gh yksx rks ijgst+xkj gSa ¼33½;s yksx tks pkgsaxs muds fy, ijoj fnxkj ds ikl ¼ekStwn½ gS] ;s usdh djus okyksa dh tt+k, [k+SjgS ¼34½

kfd vYykg mu yksxksa dh cqjkb;ksa dks tks mUgksus dh gSa nwj dj ns vkSj muds vPNs dkeksa ds,ot+ tks og dj pqds Fks mldk vtz ¼lokc½ vrk Qjek, ¼35½D;k vYykg vius cUnksa ¼dh enn½ ds fy, dkQ+h ugha gS ¼t+:j gS½ vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqedks yksxvYykg ds flok ¼nwljs ekcwnksa½ ls Mjkrs gSa vkSj vYykg ftls xqejkgh esa NksM+ ns rks mldk dksbZjkg ij ykus okyk ugha gS ¼36½vkSj ftl 'k[+l dh fgnk;r djs rks mldk dksbZ xqejkg djus okyk ughaA D;k [k+nk t+cjnLr vkSjcnyk ysus okyk ugha gS ¼t+:j gS½ ¼37½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ vxj rqe buls iwNks fd lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dks fdlus iSnk fd;k rks ;s yksx;d+huu dgsaxs fd vYykg us] rqe dg nks fd rks D;k rqeus x+kSj fd;k gS fd vYykg dks NksM+dj ftu yksxksa dh rqe bcknr djrs gks vxj vYykg eq>s dksbZ rd+yhQ igq¡pkuk pkgs rks D;kog yksx mlds uqd+lku dks ¼eq>ls½ jksd ldrs gSa ;k vxj vYykg eq> ij esgjckuh djuk pkgsrks D;k og yksx mldh esgjckuh jksd ldrs gSa ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dgks fd vYykg esjs fy, dkQ+hgS mlh ij Hkjkslk djus okys Hkjkslk djrs gSa ¼38½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ,s esjh d+kSe rqe viuh txg ¼tks pkgks½ vey fd, tkvks eS ¼39½Hkh ¼viuh txg½ dqN dj jgk gw¡] fQj vud+jhc gh rqEgsa ekywe gks tk,xk fd fdl ij ogvkQr vkrh gS tks mldks ¼nqfu;k esa½ :lok dj nsxh vkSj ¼vkf[k+j esa½ ml ij nk;eh vt+kc Hkhukft+y gksxk ¼40½¼,s jlwy½ geus rqEgkjs ikl ¼;s½ fdrkc ¼d+qjku½ lPpkbZ ds lkFk yksxksa ¼dh fgnk;r½ ds okLrsukft+y dh gS] il tks jkg ij vk;k rks vius gh ¼Hkys ds½ fy, vkSj tks xqejkg gqvk rks mldhxqejkgh dk ocky Hkh mlh ij gS vkSj fQj rqe dqN muds ft+Eesnkj rks gks ugha ¼41½vYykg gh yksxksa ds ejus ds oD+r mudh :gsa ¼viuh rjQ+½ [khap cqykrk gS vkSj tks yksx ughaejs ¼mudh :gsa½ mudh uhan esa ¼[khap yh tkrh gSa½ cl ftu ds ckjs esa vYykg ekSr dk gqDens pqdk gS mudh :gksa dks jksd j[krk gS vkSj ckd+h ¼lksus okyksa dh :gksa½ dks fQj ,d eqd+jZjoD+r rd ds okLrs Hkst nsrk gS tks yksx ¼x+kSj½ vkSj fQØ djrs gSa muds fy, ¼d+qnjrs vYykgdh½ ;d+huh cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼42½

D;k mu yksxksa us vYykg ds flok ¼nwljs½ flQkfj'kh cuk j[ks gS ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fdvxjps og yksx u dqN ,[+krs;kj j[krs gksa u dqN le>rs gksa ¼43½¼rks Hkh flQkfj'kh cukvksxs½ rqe dg nks fd lkjh flQkfj'k rks vYykg ds fy, [k+kl gS& lkjsvkleku o t+ehu dh gqdwer mlh ds fy, [k+kl gS] fQj rqe yksxksa dks mldh rjQ ykSV djtkuk gS ¼44½vkSj tc flQZ vYykg dk ft+Ø fd;k tkrk gS rks tks yksx vk[k+sjr ij bZeku ugha j[krs mudsfny eqrufQ+Q+j gks tkrs gSa vkSj tc vYykg ds flok vkSj ¼ekcwnksa½ dk ft+Ø fd;k tkrk gS rkscl QkSju mudh ckNsa f[ky tkrh gSa ¼45½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ,s vYykg ¼,s½ lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu iSnk djus okys] t+kfgj ockfru ds tkuus okys gd+ ckrksa esa rsjs cUns vkil esa >xM+ jgs gSa rw gh muds njfe;ku QSlykdj nsxk ¼46½vkSj vxj ukQjekuksa ds ikl :, t+ehu dh lkjh dk,ukr fey tk,x cfYd muds lkFk mruh ghvkSj Hkh gks rks d+;ker ds fnu ;s yksx ;d+huu l[+r vt+kc dk fQ+n;k ns fudysa ¼vkSj viukNqVdkjk djkuk pkgsa½ vkSj ¼ml oD+r½ muds lkeus vYykg dh rjQ ls og ckr is'k vk,xhftldk mUgsa oge o xqeku Hkh u Fkk ¼47½vkSj tks cnfdjnkfj;k¡ mu yksxksa us dh Fkha ¼og lc½ muds lkeus [kqy tk,¡xha vkSj ftl ¼vt+kc½ij ;g yksx d+gd+gs yxkrs Fks og mUgsa ?ksjsxk ¼48½bUlku dks rks tc dksbZ cqjkbZ Nw x;h cl og yxk gels nqvk,¡ ek¡xus] fQj tc ge mls viuhrjQ+ ls dksbZ usver vrk djrs gSa rks dgus yxrk gS fd ;s rks flQZ+ ¼esjs½ bYe ds t+ksj ls eq>sfn;k x;k gS ¼;s x+yrh gS½ cfYd ;s rks ,d vkt+ekb'k gS exj mu essa ds vDlj ugha tkurs gSa¼49½tks yksx muls igys Fks og Hkh ,slh ckrsa cdk djrs Fks fQj ¼tc gekjk vt+kc vk;k½ rks mudhdkjLrkfu;k¡ muds dqN Hkh dke u vkbZ ¼50½x+jt+ muds vkeky ds cqjs urhts mUgsa Hkqxrus iM+s vkSj mu ¼dq+Q+kjs eDdk½ esa ls ftu yksxksa usukQjekfu;k¡ dh gSa mUgsa Hkh vius vius vkeky dh lt+k,¡ Hkqxruh iM+saxh vkSj ;s yksx ¼vYykgdks½s vkftt+ ugha dj ldrs ¼51½

D;k mu yksxksa dks bruh ckr Hkh ekywe ugha fd vYykg gh ftlds fy, pkgrk gS jkst+h Qjk[k+djrk gS vkSj ¼ftlds fy, pkgrk gS½ rax djrk gS blesa 'kd ugha fd D;k blesa bekunkj yksxksads ¼dqnjr dh½ cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼52½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ,s esjs ¼bZekunkj½ cUnksa ftUgksus ¼xqukg djds½ viuh tkuksa ij T+;knfr;k¡dh gSa rqe yksx vYykg dh jger ls ukmEehn u gksuk cs'kd vYykg ¼rqEgkjs½ dqy xqukgksa dksc[+'k nsxk og cs'kd cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼53½vkSj vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ :tw djks vkSj mlh ds Qjekcjnkj cu tkvks ¼exj½ ml oD+rds d+Cy gh fd rqe ij tc vt+kc vk ukft+y gks ¼vkSj½ fQj rqEgkjh enn u dh tk lds¼54½vkSj tks tks vPNh ckrsa rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls rqe ij ukft+y gbZ gSa mu ij pyks ¼exj½mlds d+Cy fd rqe ij ,d ckjxh vt+kc ukft+y gks vkSj rqedks mldh [k+cj Hkh u gks ¼55½¼dgha ,slk u gks fd½ ¼rqeesa ls½ dksbZ 'k[+l dgus yxs fd gk, vQ+lksl esjh bl dksrkgh ij tkseSus vYykg ¼dh ckjxkg½ dk rd+jZqc gkfly djus esa dh vkSj eSa rks cl mu ckrksa ij g¡lrk ghjgk ¼56½;k ;s dgus yxs fd vxj vYykg esjh fgnk;r djrk rks eSa t+:j ijgst+xkjksa esa ls gksrk ¼57½;k tc vt+kc dks ¼vkrs½ ns[ksa rks dgus yxs fd dk'k eq>s ¼nqfu;k esa½ fQj nksckjk tkuk feysrks eSa usdh dkjksa esa gks tkÅ¡ ¼58½ml oD+r vYykg dgsxk ¼ gk¡ ½ gk¡ rsjs ikl esjh vk;rsa igq¡ph rks rwus mUgsa >qByk;k vkSj 'ks[k+hdj cSBk vkSj rw Hkh dkfQjksa esa ls Fkk ¼vc rsjh ,d u lquh tk,xh½ ¼59½vkSj ftu yksxksa us vYykg ij >wBs cksgrku ck¡/ks & rqe d+;ker ds fnu ns[kksxs muds psgjs fl;kggksaxsa D;k xq:j djus okyksa dk fBdkuk tgUuqe es a ugha gS ¼t+:j gS½ ¼60½vkSj tks yksx ijgst+xkj gSa vYykg mUgsa mudh dke;kch ¼vkSj lvknr½ ds lcc futkr nsxk fdmUgsa rdyhQ Nq,xh Hkh ugha vkSj u ;g yksx ¼fdlh rjg½ jathnk fny gksaxs ¼61½vYykg gh gj pht+ dk tkuus okyk gS vkSj ogh gj pht+ dk fuxsgcku gS ¼62½

lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dh dqfUt;k¡ mlds ikl gS vkSj tks yksx mldh vk;rksa ls bUdkj dj cSBsaogh ?kkVs esa jgsxas ¼63½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd uknkuksa Hkyk rqe eq>ls ;s dgrs gks fd eSa vYykg ds flok fdlhnwljs dh bcknr d:¡ ¼64½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqEgkjh rjQ vkSj mu ¼iSx+Ecjksa½ dh rjQ tks rqels igys gks pqds gSa ;d+huu ;sogh Hksth tk dh gS fd vxj ¼dgha½ f'kdZ fd;k rks ;d+huu rqEgkjs lkjs vey vdkjr gks tk,¡xs¼65½vkSj rqe rks t+:j ?kkVs esa vk tkvksxs ¼65½cfYd rqe vYykg gh fd bcknr djks vkSj 'kqØ xqt+kjksa esa gks ¼66½vkSj mu yksxksa us vYykg dh tSlh d+æ nkuh djuh pkfg, Fkh mldh ¼ dqN Hkh ½ dæ u dhgkyk¡fd ¼ og ,slk d+kfnj gS fd½ d+;ker ds fnu lkjh t+ehu ¼xks;k½ mldh eqV~Bh esa gksxh vkSjlkjs vkleku ¼xks;k½ mlds nkfgus gkFk esa fyiVs gq, gS a ftls ;s yksx mldk 'kjhd cukrs gSa ogmlls ikdht+k vkSj cjrj gS ¼67½vkSj tc ¼igyh ckj½ lwj Q¡wdk tk,xk rks tks yksx vklekuksa esa gSa vkSj tks yksx t+ehu esa gSa¼ekSr ls½ csgks'k gksdj fxj iM+saxsa½ exj ¼gk¡½ ftl dks vYykg pkgs og vycRrk cp tk,xk½fQj tc nksckjk lwj Qw¡dk tk,xk rks QkSju lc ds lc [kM+s gks dj ns[kus yxsaxsa ¼68½vkSj t+ehu vius ijojfnxkj ds uwj ls txexk mBsxh vkSj ¼vkeky dh½ fdrkc ¼yksxksa ds lkeus½j[k nh tk,xh vkSj iSx+Ecj vkSj xokg yk gkft+j fd, tk,¡xs vkSj muesa bUlkQ ds lkFk QSlykdj fn;k tk,xk vkSj mu ij ¼ t+jkZ cjkcj ½ t+qYe ugha fd;k tk,xk ¼69½vkSj ftl 'k[+l us tSlk fd;k gks mls mldk iwjk iwjk cnyk fey tk,xk] vkSj tks dqN ;s yksxdjrs gSa og mlls [k+wc okfd+Q gS ¼70½vkSj tks yksx dkfQj Fks muds x+ksy ds x+ksy tgUuqe dh rjQ gWdk, tk,¡xs vkSj ;gk¡ rd dhtc tgUuqe ds ikl igq¡psxsa rks mlds njokt+s [kksy fn, tk,xsa vkSj mlds njksx+k muls iwNsaxs fdD;k rqe yksxksa esa ds iSx+Ecj rqEgkjs ikl ugha vk, Fks tks rqedks rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh vk;rsa

i

40 lwjg eksfeulwjg eksfeu eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ¼85½ fiPpklh vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼'kq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku vkSj fugk;r jge okyk gSgk ehe ¼1½¼bl½ fdrkc ¼dqjku½ dk ukft+y djuk ¼[k+kl ckjxkgs½ [+k+qnk ls gS tks ¼lcls½ x+kfyc cM+kokfd+Q+dkj gS ¼2½xqukgksa dk c[+'kus okyk vkSj rkSck dk d+qcwy djus okyk l[+r vt+kc nsus okyk lkfgcs QT+ky odje gS mlds flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha mlh dh rjQ ¼lcdks½ ykSV dj tkuk gS ¼3½[k+qnk dh vk;rksa esa cl ogh yksx >xM+s iSnk djrs gSa tks dkfQj gSa rks ¼,s jlwy½ mu yksxksa dk'kgjksa ¼'kgjksa½ ?kweuk fQjuk vkSj eky gkfly djuk ¼4½rqEgsa bl /kks[ks esa u Mkys ¼fd mu ij vkt+kc u gksxk½ bu ds igys uwg dh d+kSe us vkSj muds ckn vkSj mEerksa us ¼vius iSx+Ecjksa dks½ >qByk;k vkSj gj mEer us vius iSx+Ecjksa ds ckjs esa;gh Bku fy;k fd mUgsa fxj+rkj dj ¼ds d+Ry dj Mkysa½ vkSj csgwnk ckrksa dh vkM+ idM+ djyM+us yxsa & rkfd mlds t+fj, ls gd+ ckr dks m[kkM+ Qsadsa rks eSaus] mUgsa fxjrkj dj fy;kfQj ns[kk fd mu ij ¼esjk vt+kc dSlk ¼l[+r gqvk½ ¼5½vkSj blh rjg rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dk vt+kc dk gqDe ¼mu½ dkfQ+jksa ij iwjk gks pqdk gS fd ;gyksx ;d+huh tgUuqeh gSa ¼6½tks ¼Q+fj'rs½ v'kZ dks mBk, gq, gSa vkSj tks ml ds fxnkZ fxnZ ¼rSukr½ gSa ¼lc½ vius ijojfnxkjdh rkjhQ+ ds lkFk rlchg djrs gSa vkSj ml ij bZeku j[krs gSa vkSj eksfeuksa ds fy, c[+kf'k'kdh nqvk,a ek¡xk djrs gSa fd ijojfnxkj rsjh jger vkSj rsjk bYe gj pht+ ij vgkrk fd, gq,gSa] rks ftu yksxksa us ¼lPps½ fny ls rkSck dj yh vkSj rsjs jkLrs ij pys mudks c[+'k ns vkSjmudks tgUuqe ds vt+kc ls cpk ys ¼7½,s gekjs ikyus okys bu dks lnkcgkj ckx+ksa esa ftudk rwus mu ls ok;nk fd;k gS nkf[k+y dj vkSj

muds cki nknkvksa vkSj mudh choh;ksa vkSj mudh vkSykn esa ls tks yksx usd gks mudks ¼Hkh c[+'knsa½ cs'kd rw gh t+cjnLr ¼vkSj½ fgder okyk gS ¼8½vkSj mudks gj fdLe dh cqjkb;ksa ls egQwt+ j[k vkSj ftldks rwus ml fnu ¼ d;ker ½ dsvt+kcksa ls cpk fy;k ml ij rwus cM+k jge fd;k vkSj ;gh rks cM+h dke;kch gS ¼9½¼gk¡½ ftu yksxksa us dqÝ ,[+rs;kj fd;k muls iqdkj dj dg fn;k tk,xk fd ftruk rqe ¼vkt½viuh tku ls cst+kj gks mlls c

?kqV ?kqV ds ¼ekjs Mj ds½ eq¡g dks vk tk,axsa ¼ml oD+r½ u rks ljd'kksa dk dksbZ lPpk nksLrgksxk vkSj u dksbZ ,slk flQkfj'kh ftldh ckr eku yh tk, ¼18½[+k+qnk rks vk¡[kksa dh nqt+nhnk fuxkg dks Hkh tkurk gS vkSj mu ckrksa dks Hkh tks ¼yksxksa ds½ lhuksaesa iks'khnk gS ¼19½vkSj [+k+qnk Bhd Bhd gqDe nsrk gS] vkSj mlds flok ftudh ;s yksx bcknr djrs gSa og rks dqNHkh gqDe ugha ns ldrs] blesa 'kd ugha fd [+k+qnk lquus okyk ns[kus okyk gS ¼20½D;k mu yksxksa us :, t+ehu ij py fQj dj ugha ns[kk fd tks yksx muls igys Fks mudkvUtke D;k gqvk ¼gkyk¡fd½ og yksx dqor ¼'kku vkSj mez lc½ esa vkSj t+ehu ij viuhfu'kkfu;k¡ ¼;knxkjsa bekjrsa½ ox+Sjg NksM+ tkus esa Hkh muls dgha cs NksM+ nks fd eSa ewlk dks rks d+Ry dj Mkyw¡] vkSj ¼ eSa ns[kw¡ ½vius ijojfnxkj dks rks viuh enn ds fy, cqykysa ¼HkkbZ;ksa½ eq>s vUns'kk gS fd ¼eqcknk½ rqEgkjsnhu dks myV iqyV dj Mkys ;k eqYd esa Qlkn iSnk dj nsa ¼26½vkSj ewlk us dgk fd eSa rks gj eqrkdfCcj ls tks fglkc ds fnu ¼d+;ker ij bZeku ugha ykrk½vius vkSj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh iukg ys pqdk gwW ¼27½

vkSj fQjvkÅu ds yksxksa esa ,d bZekunkj 'k[+l ¼fgt+dhy½ us tks vius bZeku dks fNik, jgrk Fkk¼yksxksa ls dgk½ fd D;k rqe yksx ,sls 'k[+l ds d+Ry ds njiS gks tks ¼flQZ½ ;s dgrk gS fdesjk ijojfnxkj vYykg gS½ gkyk¡fd og rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls rqEgkjs ikl ekSftt+s ysdjvk;k vkSj vxj ¼fcy x+jt+½ ;s 'k[+l >wBk gS rks blds >wB dk coky blh ij iM+sxk vkSj vxj;g dgha lPpk gqvk rks ftl ¼vt+kc dh½ rqEgsa ;s /kedh nsrk gS mlesa ls dqN rks rqe yksxksa ijt+:j okds+, gksdj jgsxk cs'kd [k+qnk ml 'k[+l dh fgnk;r ugha djrk tks gn ls xqt+jus okyk¼vkSj½ >wBk gks ¼28½,s esjh d+kSe vkt rks ¼cs'kd½ rqEgkjh ckn'kkgr gS ¼vkSj½ eqYd esa rqEgkjk gh cksy ckyk gSysfdu ¼dy½ vxj [+k+qnk dk vt+kc ge ij vk tk, rks gekjh dkSu enn djsxk fQjvkÅu usdgk eSa rks ogh ckr le>krk gw¡ tks eSa [+k+qn le>rk gw¡ vkSj ogh jkg fn[kkrk gw¡ ftlesa HkykbZ gS¼29½rks tks 'k[+l ¼nj inkZ½ bZeku yk pqdk Fkk dgus yxk] HkkbZ;ksa eq>s rks rqEgkjh fuLcr Hkh vkSjmEerksa dh rjg jkst+ ¼cn½ dk vUns'kk gS ¼30½¼dgha rqEgkjk Hkh ogh gky u gks½ tSlk fd uwg dh d+kSe vkSj vkn lewn vkSj muds ckn okysyksxksa dk gky gqvk vkSj [k+qnk rks cUnksa ij t++qYe djuk pkgrk gh ugha ¼31½vkSj ,s gekjh d+kSe eq>s rks rqEgkjh fuLcr d;ker ds fnu dk vUns'kk gS ¼32½ftl fnu rqe ihB Qsj dj ¼tgUuqe½ dh rjQ py [kM+s gksxs rks [k+qnk ds ¼vt+kc½ ls rqEgkjkcpkus okyk u gksxk] vkSj ftldks [k+qnk xqejkgh esa NksM+ ns rks mldk dksbZ :cjkg djus okyk ugha¼33½vkSj ¼blls½ igys ;wlqQ+ Hkh rqEgkjs ikl ekSftt+s ysdj vk, Fks rks tks tks yk, Fks rqe yksx mlesacjkcj 'kd gh djrs jgs ;gk¡ rd fd tc mUgksus oQkr ik;h rks rqe dgus yxs fd vc mudsckn [k+qnk gjfxt+ dksbZ jlwy ugha Hkstsxk tks gn ls xqt+jus okyk vkSj 'kd djus okyk gS [+k+qnkmls ;w gha xqejkgh esa NksM+ nsrk gS ¼34½tks yksx cxS+j blds fd muds ikl dksbZ nyhy vkbZ gks [+k+qnk dh vk;rksa esa ¼[+okg ek [+okg½>xM+s fd;k djrs gSa og [+k+qnk ds ut+nhd vkSj bekunkjksa ds ut+nhd l[+r uQjr [kst+ gSa] ;w¡ [k+qnkgj eqrdfCcj ljd'k ds fny ij vyker eqd+jZj dj nsrk gS ¼35½

vkSj fQjvkÅu us dgk ,s gkeku gekjs fy, ,d egy cuok ns rkfd ¼ml ij pkad dj ¼ns[k½ yw¡ vkSj eSa rks mls ;d+huh>wBk le>rk gw¡] vkSj blh rjg fQjvkÅu dh cnfdjnkj;k¡ mldks Hkyh djds fn[kk nh x;ha FkhavkSj og jkgs jkLrk ls jksd fn;k x;k Fkk] vkSj fQjvkÅu dh rn~chj rks cl fcYdqy x+kjr xqygh Fkha ¼37½vkSj tks 'k[+l ¼nj inkZ½ bZekunkj Fkk dgus yxk HkkbZ;ksa esjk dguk ekuksa eSa rqEgsa fgnk;r ds jkLrsfn[k nwaxk ¼38½HkkbZ;ksa ;s nqfu;koh ft+Unxh rks cl ¼pUn jkst+k½ Q+k;nk gS vkSj vk[ks+jr gh ges'kk jgus dk ?kj gS¼39½tks cqjk dke djsxk rks mls cnyk Hkh oSlk gh feysxk] vkSj tks usd dke djsxk enZ gks ;kvkSjr exj bZekunkj gks rks ,sls yksx csfg'r esa nkf[+ky gksaxs ogk¡ mUgsa csfglkc jkst+h feysxh ¼40½vkSj ,s esjh d+kSe eq>s D;k gqvk gS fd eSa rqedks utkn dh rjQ cqykrk gw¡ vkSj rqe eq>s nkst+[k+dh rjQ cqykrs gks ¼41½rqe eq>s cqykrs gks fd eS [k+qnk ds lkFk dqÝ d:a vkSj ml pht+ dks mldk 'kjhd cukÅ ftldkeq>s bYe esa Hkh ugha] vkSj eSa rqEgsa x+kfyc ¼vkSj½ cM+s c[+'kus okys [+k+qnk dh rjQ cqykrk gw¡ ¼42½cs'kd rqe ftl pht+ dh rjQ+ eq>s cqykrs gks og u rks nqfu;k gh esa iqdkjs tkus ds d+kfcy gSvkSj u vkf[k+jr esa vkSj vkf[k+j esa ge lcdks [+k+qnk gh dh rjQ ykSV dj tkuk gS vkSj blesa rks'kd gh ugha fd gn ls c

fd, tkrs gSa vkSj ftl fnu d+;ker cjik gksxh ¼gqDe gksxk½ fQjvkÅu ds yksxksa dks l[+r lsl[+r vt+kc esa >ksad nks ¼46½vkSj ;s yksx ftl oD+r tgUuqe esa ckge >xM+saxsa rks de gSfl;r yksx cM+s vknfe;ksa ls dgsaxsfd ge rqEgkjs rkcs Fks rks D;k rqe bl oD+r ¼nkst+[k+ dh½ vkx dk dqN fgLlk gels gVk ldrsgks ¼47½rks cM+s yksx dgsaxas ¼vc rks½ ge ¼rqe½ lcds lc vkx esa iM+s gSa [+k+qnk ¼dks½ rks cUnksa ds ckjsesa ¼tks dqN½ QSlyk ¼djuk Fkk½ dj pqdk ¼48½vkSj tks yksx vkx esa ¼ty jgs½ gksaxs tgUuqe ds njksx+kvksa ls nj[+okLr djsaxs fd vius ijojfnxkjls vt+Z djks fd ,d fnu rks gekjs vt+kc esa r[+kQ+hQ+ dj nsa ¼49½og tokc nsaxs fd D;k rqEgkjs ikl rqEgkjs iSx+Ecj lkQ o jkS'ku ekSftt+s ysdj ugha vk, Fks ogdgsaxs ¼gk¡½ vk, rks Fks] rc Qfj'rs rks dgsaxs fQj rqe [+k+qn ¼D;ksa½ u nqvk djks] gkyk¡fd dkfQ+jksadh nqvk rks cl csdkj gh gS ¼50½ge vius iSx+Ecjksa dh vkSj beku okyksa dh nqfu;k dh ft+Unxh esa Hkh t+:j enn djsaxs vkSj ftlfnu xokg ¼iSx+Ecj Qfj'rs xokgh dks½ mB [kM+s gksaxs ¼51½¼ml fnu Hkh½ ftl fnu t+kfyeksa dks mudh ekt+sjr dqN Hkh Qk;ns u nsxh vkSj mu ij fQVdkj¼cjlrh½ gksxh vkSj muds fy, cgqr cqjk ?kj ¼tgUuqe½ gS ¼52½vkSj ge gh us ewlk dks fgnk;r ¼dh fdrkc rkSjsr½ nh vkSj cuh bljkbZy dks ¼ml½ fdrkc dkokfjl cuk;k ¼53½tks vD+yeUnksa ds fy, ¼ljrkik½ fgnk;r o ulhgr gS ¼54½¼,s jlwy½ rqe ¼mudh 'kjkjr½ ij lcz djks cs'kd [+k+qnk dk ok;nk lPpk gS] vkSj vius ¼mEerdh½ xqukgksa dh ekQh ek¡xks vkSj lqcg o 'kke vius ijojfnxkj dh gEn o luk ds lkFk rlchgdjrs jgks ¼55½ftu yksxksa ds ikl ¼[+k+qnk dh rjQ ls½ dksbZ nyhy rks vk;h ugha vkSj ¼fQj½ og [+k+qnk dhvk;rksa esa ¼[+okg ek [+okg½ >xM+s fudkyrs gSa] muds fny esa cqjkbZ ¼dh cstka gol½ ds flok dqN

ugha gkyk¡fd og yksx ml rd dHkh igq¡pus okys ugha rks rqe cl [+k+qnk dh iukg ek¡xrs jgkscs'kd og cM+k lquus okyk ¼vkSj½ ns[kus okyk gS ¼56½lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu dk iSnk djuk yksxksa ds iSnk djus dh ;s fuLcr ;d+huh cM+k ¼dke½ gSexj vDlj yksx ¼bruk Hkh½ ugha tkurs ¼57½vkSj v¡/kk vkSj vk¡[k okyk ¼nksuksa½ cjkcj ugha gks ldrs vkSj u eksfeuhu ftUgksus vPNs dke fd,vkSj u cndkj ¼gh½ cjkcj gks ldrs gSa ckr ;s gS fd rqe yksx cgqr de x+kSj djrs gks] d;kerrks t+:j vkus okyh gS ¼58½blesa fdlh rjg dk 'kd ugha exj vDlj yksx ¼bl ij Hkh½ bZeku ugha j[krs ¼59½vkSj rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj bj'kkn Q+jekrk gS fd rqe eq>ls nqvk,a ek¡xksa eSa rqEgkjh ¼nqvk½ d+qcwyd:¡xk tks yksx gekjh bcknr ls vdM+rs gSa og vud+jhc gh t+yhy o [+okj gks dj ;d+huutgUuqe okfly gksaxs ¼60½[+k+qnk gh rks gS ftlus rqEgkjs okLrs jkr cukbZ rkfd rqe mlesa vkjke djks vkSj fnu dks jkS'ku¼cuk;k½ rfd dke djks cs'kd [+k+qnk yksxksa ijk cM+k Qt+y o dje okyk gS] exj vDlj yksxmldk 'kqØ ugha vnk djrs ¼61½;gh [k+qnk rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj gS tks gj pht+ dk [k+kfyd+ gS] vkSj mlds flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha]fQj rqe dgk¡ cgds tk jgs gks ¼62½tks yksx [k+qnk dh vk;rksa ls bUdkj j[krs Fks og blh rjg HkVd jgs Fks ¼63½vYykg gh rks gS ftlus rqEgkjs okLrs t+ehu dks Bgjus dh txg vkSj vkleku dks Nr cuk;kvkSj mlh us rqEgkjh lwjrsa cuk;ha rks vPNh lwjrsa cuk;ha vkSj mlh us rqEgsa lkQ lqFkjh pht+sa [kkusdks nha ;gh vYykg rks rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj gS rks [+k+qnk cgqr gh eqrcfjZd gS tks lkjs tgk¡u dkikyus okyk gS ¼64½ogh ¼ges'kk½ ft+Unk gS vkSj mlds flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha rks fujh [kjh mlh dh bcknr djds mlhls ;s nqvk ek¡xks] lc rkjhQ [+k+qnk gh dks lt+kokj gS vkSj tks lkjs tgk¡u dk ikyus okyk gS¼65½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd tc esjs ikl esjs ijojfnxkj dh ckjxkg ls [kqys gq, ekSftt+s vk pqds

ks eq>s bl ckr dh eukgh dj nh x;h gS fd [+k+qnk dks NksM+ dj ftudks rqe iwtrs gks eSa mudhijlfr'k d:¡ vkSj eq>s rks ;g gqDe gks pqdk gS fd eSa lkjs tgk¡u ds ikyus okys dkQjekcjnkj cuq ¼66½ogh og [k+qnk gS ftlus rqedks igys ¼igy½ feVVh ls iSnk fd;k fQj uqRQs ls] fQj tes gq, [k+wufQj rqedks cPpk cukdj ¼ek¡ ds isV½ ls fudyrk gS ¼rkfd cxM+sfudkyk djrs gSa ¼69½;s dgk¡ HkVds pys tk jgs gSa] ftu yksxksa us fdrkcs ¼[+k+qnk½ vkSj mu ckrksa dks tks geus iSx+Ecjksadks nsdj Hkstk Fkk >qByk;k rks cgqr tYn mldk urhtk mUgsa ekywe gks tk,xk ¼70½tc ¼Hkkjh Hkkjh½ rkSd+ vkSj t+athjsa mudh xnZuksa esa gksaxh ¼vkSj igys½ [kkSyrs gq, ikuh esa ?klhVstk,¡xs ¼71½fQj ¼tgUuqe dh½ vkx esa >ksad fn, tk,¡xs ¼72½fQj muls iwNk tk,xk fd [k+qnk ds flok ftudks ¼mldk½ 'kjhd cukrs Fks ¼73½¼bl oD+r½ dgk¡ gSa og dgsaxs vc rks og gels tkrs jgs cfYd ¼lp ;w¡ gS fd½ ge rks igysgh ls ¼[k+qnk ds flok½ fdlh pht+ dh ijlfr'k u djrs Fks ;w¡ [+k+qnk dkfQjksa dks ckS[kyk nsxk¼74½¼fd dqN le> esa u vk,xk½ ;s mldh lt+k gS fd rqe nqfu;k esa ukgd ¼ckr ij½ fugky FksvkSj bldh lt+k gS fd rqe brjk;k djrs Fks ¼75½

vc tgUuqe ds njokt+s esa nkf[k+y gks tkvks ¼vkSj½ ges'kk mlh esa ¼iM+s½ jgks] x+jt+ rdCcqj djusokyksa dk Hkh ¼D;k½ cqjk fBdkuk gS ¼76½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe lcz djks [+k+qnk dk ok;nk ;d+huh lPpk gS rks ftl ¼vt+kc½ dh ge mUgsa/kedh nsrs gSa vxj ge rqedks mlesa dqN fn[kk nsa ;k rqe gh dks ¼blds d+Cy½ nqfu;k ls mBk ysarks ¼vkf[k+j fQj½ mudks gekjh rjQ ykSV dj vkuk gS] ¼77½vkSj rqels igys Hkh geus cgqr ls iSx+Ecj Hksts muesa ls dqN rks ,sls gSa ftuds gkykr geus rqelsc;ku dj fn,] vkSj dqN ,sls gS a ftuds gkykr rqels ugha nksgjk, vkSj fdlh iSx+Ecj dh ;s etkyu Fkh fd [+k+qnk ds ,s[+rs;kj fn, cx+Sj dksbZ ekSftt+k fn[kk ldsa fQj tc [+k+qnk dk gqDe ¼vt+kc½vk igq¡pk rks Bhd Bhd QSlyk dj fn;k x;k vkSj vgys ckfry gh bl ?kkVs esa jgs] ¼78½[k+qnk gh rks og gS ftlus rqEgkjs fy, pkjik, iSnk fd, rkfd rqe muesa ls fdlh ij lokj gksrsgks vkSj fdlh dks [kkrs gks ¼79½vkSj rqEgkjs fy, muesa ¼vkSj Hkh½ Qk;ns gSa vkSj rkfd rqe mu ij ¼p

ugha gks ldrk ¼;s½ [+k+qnk dh vknr ¼gS½ tks vius cUnksa ds ckjs esa ¼lnk ls½ pyh vkrh gS vkSjdkfQ+j yksx bl oD+r ?kkVs es jgs ¼85½

41 lwjg gk ehe ltnklwjg gk ehe ltnk eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj blesa pOou ¼54½ vk;rsa vkSj ¼6½ :dw gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSgk ehe ¼1½¼;s fdrkc½ jgeku o jghe [+k+qnk dh rjQ ls ukft+y gq;h gS ;s ¼og½ fdrkc vjch d+qjku gS¼2½ftldh vk;rsa le>nkj yksxsa ds okLrs rQ+lhy ls c;ku dj nh x;ha gSa ¼3½a¼usdks dkjksa dks½ [+k+q'k[k+cjh nsus okyh vkSj ¼cndkjksa dks½ Mjkus okyh gS bl ij Hkh muesa lsvDlj us eq¡g Qsj fy;k vkSj og lqurs gh ugha ¼4½vkSj dgus yxs ftl pht+ dh rjQ rqe gesa cqykrs gks mlls rks gekjs fny inksZa esa gSa ¼fd fnydks ugha yxrh½ vkSj gekjs dkuksa esa fxnkZuh ¼cgjkiu gS½ fd dqN lquk;h ugha nsrk vkSj gekjsrqEgkjs njfE;ku ,d inkZ ¼gk;y½ gS rks rqe ¼viuk½ dke djks ge ¼viuk½ dke djrs gSa ¼5½¼,s jlwy½ dg nks fd eSa Hkh cl rqEgkjk gh lk vkneh gw¡ ¼exj Q+dZ ;s gS fd½ eq> ij ^ogh*vkrh gS fd rqEgkjk ekcwn cl ¼ogh½ ;drk [+k+qnk gS rks lh/ks mldh rjQ eqrkoTts jgks vkSj mlhls c[+kf'k'k dh nqvk ek¡xks] vkSj eq'kjsdksa ij vQlksl gS ¼6½tks t+dkr ugha nsrs vkSj vk[ks+jr ds Hkh d+k;y ugha ¼7½cs'kd tks yksx bZeku yk, vkSj vPNs vPNs dke djrs jgs vkSj muds fy, og lokc gS tksdHkh [k+Re gksus okyk ugha ¼8½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd D;k rqe ml ¼[+k+qnk½ ls bUdkj djrs gks ftlus t+ehu dks nks fnu esaiSnk fd;k vkSj rqe ¼vkSjksa dks½ mldk gelj cukrs gks] ;gh rks lkjs tgk¡ dk ljijLr gS ¼9½vkSj mlh us t+ehu esa mlds Åij ls igkM+ iSnk fd, vkSj mlh us bles a cjdr vrk dh vkSj

mlh us ,d equkflc vUnkt+ ij blesa lkekus ekbZ'kr dk cUnkscLr fd;k ¼;s lc dqN½ pkj fnuesa vkSj reke rycxkjksa ds fy, cjkcj gS ¼10½fQj vkleku dh rjQ eqrkoTts gqvk vkSj ¼ml oD+r½ /kq,¡ ¼dk lk½ Fkk mlus mlls vkSj t+ehuls Qjek;k fd rqe nksuksa vkvks [+k+q'kh ls [+okg djkgr ls] nksuksa us vt+Z dh ge [+k+q'kh [+k+q'khgkft+j gSa ¼11½¼vkSj gqDe ds ikcUn gSa½ fQj mlus nksuksa esa ml ¼/kq,¡½ ds lkr vkleku cuk, vkSj gj vklekuesa mlds ¼bUrst+ke½ dk gqDe ¼dkj dquku dt+k o d+nj ds ikl½ Hkst fn;k vkSj geus uhps okysvkleku dks ¼flrkjksa ds½ fpjkx+ksa ls et+¸;u fd;k vkSj ¼'kSrkuksa ls egQwt+½ j[kk ;s okfd+Q+dkjx+kfyc [k+qnk ds ¼eqd+jZj fd, gq,½ vUnkt+ gSa ¼12½fQj vxj ge ij Hkh ;s dqQkj eq¡g Qsjsa rks dg nks fd eSa rqe dks ,slh fctyh fxjus ¼dsvt+kc ls½ Mjkrk gw¡ tSlh d+kSe vkn o lewn dh fctyh dh dM+d ¼13½tc muds ikl muds vkxs ls vkSj ihNs ls iSx+Ecj ¼;s [k+cj ysdj½ vk, fd [+k+qnk ds flok fdlhdh bcknr u djks rks dgus yxs fd vxj gekjk ijojfnxkj pkgrk rks Q+fj'rs ukft+y djrk vkSjtks ¼ckrsa½ nsdj rqe yksx Hksts x, gks ge rks mls ugha ekurs ¼14½rks vkn ukgd+ :, t+ehu esa x++q:j djus yxs vkSj dgus yxs fd ge ls c

;gk¡ rd dh tc lc ds lc tgUuqe ds ikl tk,¡xs rks muds dku vkSj mudh vk¡[ksa vkSj muds¼xks'r iksLr½ muds f[k+ykQ muds eqd+kcys esa mudh dkjLrkfu;ksa dh xokgh nsxsa ¼20½vkSj ;s yksx vius vkt+k ls dgsaxs fd rqeus gekjs f[k+ykQ D;ksa xokgh nh rks og tokc nsaxs fdftl [+k+qnk us gj pht+ dks xks;k fd;k mlus gedks Hkh ¼viuh d+qnjr ls½ xks;k fd;k vkSj mlh usrqedks igyh ckj iSnk fd;k Fkk vkSj ¼vkf[k+j½ mlh dh rjQ ykSV dj tkvksxs ¼21½vkSj ¼rqEgkjh rks ;s gkyr Fkh fd½ rqe yksx bl [+;ky ls ¼vius xqukgksa dh½ inkZ nkjh Hkh rksugha djrs Fks fd rqEgkjs dku vkSj rqEgkjh vk¡[ks vkSj rqEgkjs vkt+k rqEgkjs cjf[k+ykQ xokgh nsaxscfYd rqe bl [+;ky es ¼Hkwys gq,½ Fks fd [+k+qnk dks rqEgkjs cgqr ls dkeksa dh [k+cj gh ugha ¼22½vkSj rqEgkjh bl cn[+;kyh us tks rqe vius ijojfnxkj ds ckjs esa j[krs Fks rqEgsa rckg dj NksM+kvkf[k+j rqe ?kkVs esa jgs ¼23½fQj vxj ;s yksx lcz Hkh djsa rks Hkh budk fBdkuk nkst+[k+ gh gS vkSj vxj rkSck djsa rks Hkhbudh rkSck d++qcwy u dh tk,xh ¼24½vkSj geus ¼xks;k [k+qn 'kSrku dks½ mudk geu'khu eqd+jZj dj fn;k Fkk rks mUgksus muds vxysfiNys reke mewj mudh ut+jksa esa Hkys dj fn[kk, rks ftUukr vkSj bUlkuks dh mEersa tks mulsigys xqt+j pqdh Fkha muds 'kqewy ¿lkFkÀ esa ¼vt+kc dk½ ok;nk muds gd+ esa Hkh iwjk gks dj jgkcs'kd ;s yksx vius ?kkVs ds njiS Fks ¼25½vkSj dq+Q+kj dgus yxs fd bl d++qjku dks lquks gh ugha vkSj tc i

vkSj ftu yksxksa us ¼lPps fny ls½ dgk fd gekjk ijojfnxkj rks ¼cl½ [k+qnk gS] fQj og mlhij Hkh d+k;e Hkh jgs mu ij ekSr ds oD+r ¼jger ds½ Q+fj'rs ukft+y gksaxs ¼vkSj dgsaxs½ fddqN [k+kSQ u djks vkSj u x+e [kkvks vkSj ftl csfg'r dk rqels ok;nk fd;k x;k Fkk mldh[+k+qf'k;k¡ eukvks ¼30½ge nqfu;k dh ft+Unxh esa rqEgkjs nksLr Fks vkSj vk[ks+jr esa Hkh rqEgkjs ¼jQ+hd+½ gSa vkSj ftl pht+dk Hkh rqEgkj th pkgs csfg'r esa rqEgkjs okLrs ekStwn gS vkSj tks pht+ ryc djksxs ogk¡ rqEgkjsfy, ¼gkft+j½ gksxh ¼31½¼;s½ c[+'kus okys esgjcku ¼[+k+qnk½ dh rjQ+ ls ¼rqEgkjh esgekuh gS½ ¼32½vkSj bl ls csgrj fdldh ckr gks ldrh gS tks ¼yksxksa dks½ [+k+qnk dh rjQ cqyk, vkSj vPNsvPNs dke djs vkSj dgs fd eSa Hkh ;d+huu ¼[k+qnk ds½ Qjekcjnkj cUnksa esa gw¡a ¼33½vkSj HkykbZ cqjkbZ ¼dHkh½ cjkcj ugha gks ldrh rks ¼l[+r dykeh dk½ ,sls rjhds ls tokc nks tksfugk;r vPNk gks ¼,slk djksxs½ rks ¼rqe ns[kksxs½s ftl esa vkSj rqeesa nq'keuh Fkh xks;k og rqEgkjkfny lkst+ nksLr gS ¼34½;s ckr cl mUgha yksxksa dks gkfly gqbZ gS tks lcz djus okys gSa vkSj mUgha yksxksa dks gkfly gksrhgS tks cM+s ulhcoj gSa ¼35½vkSj vxj rqEgsa 'kSrku dh rjQ ls ololk iSnk gks rks [k+qnk dh iukg ek¡x fy;k djks cs'kd og¼lcdh½ lqurk tkurk gS ¼36½vkSj mldh ¼dqnjr dh½ fu'kkfu;ksa esa ls jkr vkSj fnu vkSj lwjt vkSj pk¡n gSa rks rqe yksx ulwjt dks ltnk djks vkSj u pk¡n dks] vkSj vxj rqe [+k+qnk gh dh bcknr djuh eat+wj jgs rks clmlh dks ltnk djks ftlus bu pht+ksa dks iSnk fd;k gS ¼37½il vxj ;s yksx ljd'kh djsa rks ¼[+k+qnk dks Hkh mudh ijokg ugha½ oks yksx ¼Q+fj'rs½ rqEgkjsijojfnxkj dh ckjxkg esa gSa og jkr fnu mldh rlchg djrs jgrs gSa vkSj og yksx mdrkrs Hkhugha ¼38½ ltnk 12mldh d+qnjr dh fu'kkfu;ksa esa ls ,d ;s Hkh gS fd rqe t+ehu dks [+k+q'd vkSj csx;kg ns[krs gksfQj tc ge ml ij ikuh cjlk nsrs gSa rks ygygkus yxrh gS vkSj Qwy tkrh gS ftl [k+qnk us

¼eqnkZ½ t+ehu dks ft+Unk fd;k og ;d+huu eqnksZa dks Hkh ftyk,xk cs'kd og gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS¼39½tks yksx gekjh vk;rksa esa gsj Qsj iSnk djrs gSa og gjfxt+ gels iks'khnk ugha gSa Hkyk tks 'k[+lnkst+[k+ esa Mkyk tk,xk og csgrj gS ;k og 'k[+l tks d+;ker ds fnu cs[k+kSQ o [k+rj vk,xk¼[k+Sj½ tks pkgks lks djks ¼exj½ tks dqN rqe djrs gks og ¼[k++qnk½ mldks ns[k jgk gS ¼40½ftu yksxksa us ulhgr dks tc og muds ikl vk;h u ekuk ¼og viuk urhtk ns[k ysaxs½ vkSj ;sd++qjku rks ;d+huh ,d vkyh ejrck fdrkc gS ¼41½fd >wB u rks mlds vkxs QVd ldrk gS vkSj u mlds ihNs ls vkSj [kwfc;ksa okys nkuk ¼[k+qnk½dh ckjxkg ls ukft+y gq;h gS ¼42½¼,s jlwy½ rqels ls Hkh cl ogh ckrsa dgha tkrh gSa tks rqels vkSj jlwyksa ls dgh tk pqdh gSacs'kd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj c[+'kus okyk Hkh gS vkSj nnZukd vt+kc okyk Hkh gS ¼43½vkSj vxj ge bl d+q+jku dks vjch t+cku ds flok nwljh t+cku esa ukft+y djrs rks ;s yksx t+:jdg u cSBrs fd bldh vk;rsa ¼gekjh½ t+cku esa D;ksa rQ+lhynkj c;ku ugha dh x;h D;k ¼[kw+cd++qjku rks½ vteh vkSj ¼eq[k+kfrc½ vjch ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd bekunkjksa ds fy, rks ;s¼dq++jku vt+ljrkik½ fgnk;r vkSj ¼gj et+Z dh½ f'kQ+k gS vkSj tks yksx bZeku ugha j[krs mudsdkuksa ¼ds gd+½ esa fxjkuh ¼cgjkiu½ gS vkSj og ¼dq+jku½ muds gd+ esa ukchukbZ ¼dk lcc½ gS rksfxjkuh dh otg ls xks;k og yksx cM+h nwj dh txg ls iqdkjs tkrs gS ¼44½¼vkSj ugha lqurs½ vkSj ge gh us ewlk dks Hkh fdrkc ¼rkSjSr½ vrk dh Fkh rks mlesa Hkh blesa,[+rsykQ fd;k x;k vkSj vxj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls ,d ckr igys u gks pqdh gksrhrks muesa dc dk QSlyk dj fn;k x;k gksrk] vkSj ;s yksx ,sls Ód esa iM+s gq, gSa ftlus mUgsacspSu dj fn;k gS ¼45½ftlus vPNs vPNs dke fd;s rks vius uQs+ ds fy, vkSj tks cqjk dke djs mldk ocky Hkh mlhij gS vkSj rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj rks cUnksa ij ¼dHkh½ t+qYe djus okyk ugha ¼46½d+;ker ds bYe dk gokyk mlh dh rjQ gS ¼;kfu ogh tkurk gS½ vkSj cxS+j mlds bYe o¼bjkns½ ds u rks Qy vius ikSjksa ls fudyrs gSa vkSj u fdlh vkSjr dks gey j[krk gS vkSj uog cPpk turh gS vkSj ftl fnu ¼[+k+qnk½ mu ¼eq'kjsdhu½ dks iqdkjsxk vkSj iwNsxk fd esjs Ójhd

dgk¡ gSa& og dgsaxs ge rks rq> ls vt+Z dj pwds gSa fd ge esa ls dksbZ ¼muls½ okfdQ+ gh ugha¼47½vkSj blls igys ftu ekcwnksa dh ijlfr'k djrs Fks og x+k;c gks x;s vkSj ;s yksx le> tk,xsafd muds fy, vc eq[k+fylh ugha ¼48½bUlku HkykbZ dh nqvk, ekaxus ls rks dHkh mdrkrk ugha vkSj vxj mldks dksbZ rdyhQ igq¡p tk,rks ¼QkSju½ u mEehn vkSj csvkl gks tkrk gS ¼49½vkSj vxj mldks dksbZ rdyhQ igq¡p tkus ds ckn ge mldks viuh jger dk et+k p[kk,¡ rks;d+huh dgus yxrk gS fd ;s rks esjs fy, gh gS vkSj eSa ugha [k+;ky djrk fd dHkh d+;kercjik gksxh vkSj vxj ¼d+;ker gks Hkh vkSj½ eSa vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ykSVk;k Hkh tkÅ¡ rksHkh esjs fy, ;d+huu mlds ;gk¡ HkykbZ gh rks gS tks vkeky djrs jgs ge mudks ¼d+;ker esa½t+:j crk nsaxsa vkSj mudks l[+r vt+kc dk et+k p[k+k,xsa ¼50½¼og vyx½ vkSj tc ge bUlku ij ,glku djrs gSa rks ¼gekjh rjQ ls½ eq¡g Qsj ysrk gS vkSjeq¡g cnydj py nsrk gS vkSj tc mls rdyhQ+ igq¡prh gS rks yEch pkSM+h nqvk,¡ djus yxrk gS¼51½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dgks fd Hkyk ns[kks rks lgh fd vxj ;s ¼d++qjku½ [k+qnk dh ckjxkg ls ¼vk;k½ gksvkSj fQj rqe mlls bUdkj djks rks tks ¼,sls½ ijys ntsZ dh eq[k+kysQr esa ¼iM+k½ gks mlls c

42 lwjg Ówjklwjg Ówjk eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ¼53½ frjiu vk;rsa gSvYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSgk ehe ¼1½,su lhu dkQ+ ¼2½¼,s jlwy½ x+kfyc o nkuk [+k+qnk rqEgkjh rjQ+ vkSj tks ¼iSx+Ecj½ rqels igys xqt+js mudh rjQ ;w¡gh ogh Hkstrk jgrk gS tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS x+jt+ lc dqN mlhdk gS ¼3½vkSj og rks ¼cM+k½ vkyh'kku ¼vkSj½ cqt+qZx gS ¼4½¼mudh ckrksa ls½ d+jhc gS fd lkjs vkleku ¼mldh gScr ds ekjs½ vius Åij okj ls QV iM+svkSj Q+fj'rs rks vius ijojfnxkj dh rkjhQ+ ds lkFk rlchg djrs gSa vkSj tks yksx t+ehu esa gSamuds fy, ¼xqukgksa dh½ ekQh ek¡xk djrs gSa lqu j[kks fd [+k+qnk gh ;d+huu cM+k c[+'kus okykesgjcku gS ¼5½vkSj ftu yksxksa us [+k+qnk dks NksM+ dj ¼vkSj½ vius ljijLr cuk j[ks gSa [+k+qnk mudh fuxjkuh djjgk gS ¼,s jlwy½ rqe muds fuxsgcku ugha gks ¼6½vkSj geus rqEgkjs ikl vjch d++qjku ;w¡ Hkstk rkfd rqe eDdk okyksa dks vkSj tks yksx blds bnZfxnZ jgrs gSa mudks Mjkvks vkSj ¼mudks½ d+;ker ds fnu ls Hkh Mjkvks ftl ¼ds vkus½ esa dqNHkh Ód ugha ¼ml fnu½ ,d Qjhd+ ¼ekuus okyk½ tUur esa gksxk vkSj Qjhd+ ¼lkuh½ nkst+[k+ esa¼7½vkSj vxj [+k+qnk pkgrk rks bu lcdks ,d gh fxjksg cuk nsrk exj og rks ftldks pkgrk gS¼fgnk;r djds½ viuh jger esa nkf[k+y dj ysrk gS vkSj t+kfyeksa dk rks ¼ml fnu½ u dksbZ ;kjgS vkSj u ennxkj ¼8½

D;k mu yksxksa us [+k+qnk ds flok ¼nwljs½ dkjlkt+ cuk, gSa rks dkjlkt+ cl [+k+qnk gh gS vkSj ogheqnksZa dks ft+Unk djsxk vkSj ogh gj pht+ ij d+qnjr j[krk gS ¼9½vkSj rqe yksx ftl pht+ esa ckge ,[+rsykQ+kr j[krs gks mldk QSlyk vYykg gh ds gokys gSogh vYykg rks esjk ijojfnxkj gS eSa mlh ij Hkjkslk j[krk gw¡ vkSj mlh dh rjQ :tw djrk gw¡¼10½lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dk iSnk djus okyk ¼ogh½ gS mlh us rqEgkjs fy, rqEgkjh gh ftUl dstksM+s cuk, vkSj pkjik;ksa ds tksM+s Hkh ¼mlh us cuk,½ ml ¼rjQ½ esa rqedks QSykrk jgrk gS dksbZpht+ mldh fely ugha vkSj og gj pht+ dks lqurk ns[krk gS ¼11½lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dh dqfUt;k¡ mlds ikl gSa ftlds fy, pkgrk gS jkst+h dks Qjk[k+ dj nsrkgS ¼ftlds fy,½ pkgrk gS rax dj nsrk gS cs'kd og gj pht+ ls [k+wc okfd+Q+ gS ¼12½mlus rqEgkjs fy, nhu dk ogh jkLrk eqd+jZj fd;k ftl ¼ij pyus dk½ uwg dks gqDe fn;k FkkvkSj ¼,s jlwy½ mlh dh geus rqEgkjs ikl ogh Hksth gS vkSj mlh dk bczkghe vkSj ewlk vkSj bZlkdks Hkh gqDe fn;k Fkk ¼og½ ;s ¼gS fd½ nhu dks d+k;e j[kuk vkSj mlesa rQ+jd+k u Mkyuk ftlnhu dh rjQ rqe eq'kjsdhu dks cqykrs gks og mu ij cgqr Ókd+ x+qt+jrk gS [+k+qnk ftldks pkgrkgS viuh ckjxkg dk cjxqt+hnk dj ysrk gS vkSj tks mldh rjQ :tw djs ¼viuh rjQ+ ¼igq¡pus½dk jkLrk fn[kk nsrk gS ¼13½vkSj ;s yksx eqrQ+fjZd+ gq, Hkh rks bYe ¼gd+½ vk pqdus ds ckn vkSj ¼og Hkh½ egt+ vkil dhft+n ls vkSj vxj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ ls ,d oD+rs eqd+jZj rd ds fy, ¼d+;ker dk½ok;nk u gks pqdk gksrk rks muesa dcdk QSlyk gks pqdk gksrk vkSj tks yksx muds ckn ¼[+k+qnkdh½ fdrkc ds okfjl gq, og mldh rjQ ls cgqr l[+r Óqcgs esa ¼iM+s gq,½ gSa ¼14½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ¼yksxksa dks½ mlh ¼nhu½ dh rjQ cqykrs jgs tks vkSj tSlk rqedks gqDe gqvk gS¼mlh ij d+k;e jgks vkSj mudh uQ+fl;kuh [+okfg'kksa dh iSjoh u djks vkSj lkQ+ lkQ+ dg nksfd tks fdrkc [+k+qnk us ukft+y dh gS ml ij eSa bZeku j[krk gw¡ vkSj eq>s gqDe gqvk gS fd eSarqEgkjs ,[+rsykQkr ds ¼njes;ku½ bUlkQ+ ¼ls Q+Slyk½ d:¡ [+k+qnk gh gekjk Hkh ijojfnxkj gS vkSjogh rqEgkjk Hkh ijojfnxkj gS gekjh dkjxqt+kfj;k¡ gekjs gh fy, gSa vkSj rqEgkjh dkjLrkfu;k¡ rqEgkjsokLrs geesa vkSj rqeesa rks dqN gqTtr ¼o rd+jkj dh t+:jr½ ugha [+k+qnk gh ge ¼d+;ker esa½lcdks bdV~Bk djsxk ¼15½

vkSj mlh dh rjQ ykSV dj tkuk gS vkSj tks yksx mlds eku fy, tkus ds ckn vYykg ds ckjsesa ¼[+okge[+okg½ >xM+k djrs gSa muds ijojfnxkj ds ut+nhd mudh nyhy yx+ks ckfry gS vkSjmu ij ¼vYykg dk½ x+t+c vkSj muds fy, l[+r vt+kc gS ¼16½[+k+qnk gh rks gS ftlus lPpkbZ ds lkFk fdrkc ukft+y dh vkSj vny ¼o bUlkQ+ Hkh ukft+y fd;k½vkSj rqedks D;k ekywe Ók;n d+;ker d+jhc gh gks ¼17½¼fQj ;s x+Q+yr dSlh½ tks yksx bl ij bZeku ugha j[krs og rks blds fy, tYnh dj jgs gSavkSj tks eksfeu gSa og mlls Mjrs gSa vkSj tkurs gSa fd d+;ker ;d+huh cjgd+ gS vkxkg jgks fdtks yksx d+;ker ds ckjs esa Ód fd;k djrs gSa og cM+s ijys ntsZ dh xqejkgh esa gSa ¼18½vkSj vYykg vius cUnksa ¼ds gky½ ij cM+k esgjcku gS ftldks ¼ftruh½ jkst+h pkgrk gS nsrk gSog t+skj okyk t+cjnLr gS ¼19½tks Ó[+l vk[ks+jr dh [ksrh dk rkfyc gks ge mlds fy, mldh [ksrh esa vQ+t+kb'k djsaxs vkSjnqfu;k dh [ksrh dk [+kkLrxkj gks rks ge mldks mlh esa ls nsaxs exj vk[ks+jr esa fQj mldk dqNfgLlk u gksxk ¼20½D;k mu yksxksa ds ¼cuk, gq,½ ,sls Ójhd gSa ftUgksaus muds fy, ,slk nhu eqd+jZj fd;k gS ftldh[+k+qnk us btkt+r ugha nh vkSj vxj Q+Slys ¼ds fnu½ dk ok;nk u gksrk rks muesa ;d+huh vc rdQSlyk gks pqdk gksrk vkSj t+kfyeksa ds okLrs t+:j nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼21½¼d+;ker ds fnu½ ns[kksxs fd t+kfye yksx vius vkeky ¼ds ocky½ ls Mj jgs gksaxs vkSj og muij iM+ dj jgsxk vkSj ftUgksus bZeku d++qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs dke fd, og csfg'r ds ckx+ksa esagksaxs og tks dqN pkgsaxs muds fy, muds ijojfnxkj dh ckjxkg esa ¼ekStwn½ gS ;gh rks ¼[+k+qnkdk½ cM+k Qt+y gS ¼22½;gh ¼bZuke½ gS ftldh [+k+qnk vius mu cUnksa dks [k+q'k[+kcjh nsrk gS tks bZeku yk, vkSj usd dkedjrs jgs ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eSa bl ¼rcyhx+s fjlkyr½ dk vius d+jkrcnkjksa ¼,gys cSr½dh eksgCcr ds flok rqels dksbZ flyk ugha ekaxrk vkSj tks Ó[+l usdh gkfly djsxk ge mldsfy, mldh [k+wch esa bt+kQk dj nsaxs cs'kd og cM+k c[+'kus okyk d+njnku gS ¼23½D;k ;s yksx ¼rqEgkjh fuLcr dgrs gSa fd bl ¼jlwy½ us [+k+qnk ij >wBk cksgrku ck¡/kk gS rks vxj¼,slk½ gksrk rks½ [+k+qnk pkgrk rks rqEgkjs fny ij eksgj yxk nsrk ¼fd rqe ckr gh u dj ldrs½

vkSj vYykg rks >wB dks usLrukcwn vkSj viuh ckrksa ls gd+ dks lkfcr djrk gS og ;d+huh fnyksads jkt+ ls [+kwc okfd+Q gS ¼24½vkSj ogh rks gS tks vius cUnksa dh rkSck d+qcwy djrk gS vkSj xqukgksa dks ekQ+ djrk gS vkSj rqeyksx tks dqN Hkh djrs gks og tkurk gS ¼25½vkSj tks yksx bZeku yk, vkSj vPNs vPNs dke djrs jgs mudh ¼nqvk½ d++qcwy djrk gS Qt+y od+je ls mudks c

vkSj og cgqr dqN ekQ+ djrk gS vkSj tks yksx gekjh fu'kkfu;ksa esa ¼[+okgek[+okg½ >xM+k djrs gSaog vPNh rjg le> ysa fd mudks fdlh rjg ¼vt+kc ls½ NqVdkjk ugha ¼35½¼yksxksa½ rqedks tks dqN ¼eky½ fn;k x;k gS og nqfu;k dh ft+Unxh dk ¼pUn jkst+½ lkt+kslkeku gSvkSj tks dqN vYykg ds ;gk¡ gS og dgha csgrj vkSj ik;nkj gS ¼exj ;s½ [k+kl mu gh yksxksa dsfy, gS tks bZeku yk, vkSj vius ijojfnxkj ij Hkjkslk j[krs gSa ¼36½vkSj tks yksx cM+s cM+s xqukgksa vkSj csg;kbZ dh ckrksa ls cps jgrs gSa vkSj x+qLlk vk tkrk gS rksekQ dj nsrs gSa ¼37½vkSj tks vius ijojfnxkj dk gqDe ekurs gSa vkSj uekt+ i

¼vkSj½ dufD[k;ksa ls ns[ks tkrs gSa vkSj eksfeuhu dgsaxs fd gdhd+r esa ogh cM+s ?kkVs esa gSa ftUgksusd+;ker ds fnu vius vki dks vkSj vius ?kj okyksa dks [k+lkjs esa Mkyk ns[kks t+qYe djus okysnk,eh vt+kc esa jgsaxs ¼45½vkSj vYykg ds flok u muds ljijLr gh gksaxs tks mudh enn dks vk,¡ vkSj ftldks vYykgxqejkgh esa NksM+ ns rks mlds fy, ¼fgnk;r dh½ dksbZ jkg ugha ¼46½¼yksxksa½ ml fnu ds igys tks vYykg dh rjQ ls vk;sxk vkSj fdlh rjg ¼Vkys u Vysxk½ viusijojfnxkj dk gqDe eku yks ¼D;ksa fd½ ml fnu u rks rqedks dgha iukg dh txg feysxh vkSju rqels ¼xqukg dk½ bUdkj gh cu iM+sxk ¼47½fQj vxj eq¡g Qsj ysa rks ¼,s jlwy½ geus rqedks mudk fuxsgcku cukdj ugha Hkstk rqEgkjk dkerks flQZ ¼,gdke dk½ igq¡pk nsuk gS vkSj tc ge bUlku dks viuh jger dk et+k p[kkrs gSa rksog mlls [+kq'k gks tkrk gS vkSj vxj mudks mUgha ds gkFkksa dh igyh djrwrksa dh cnkSyr dksbZrdyhQ igq¡prh ¼lc ,glku Hkwy x,½ cs'kd bUlku cM+k uk'kqØk gS ¼48½lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dh gqdwer [+kkl vYykg gh dh gS tks pkgrk gS iSnk djrk gS ¼vkSj½ftls pkgrk gS ¼Q+d+r½ csfV;k¡ nsrk gS vkSj ftls pkgrk gS ¼egt+½ csVk vrk djrk gS ¼49½;k mudks csVs csfV;k¡ ¼vkSykn dh½ nksuksa fdLesa buk;r djrk gS vkSj ftldks pkgrk gS cka> cuknsrk gS cs'kd og cM+k okfdQ+dkj d+kfnj gS ¼50½vkSj fdlh vkneh ds fy, ;s eqefdu ugha fd vYykg mlls ckr djs exj ogh ds t+fj, ls¼tSls½ ¼nkÅn½ ijns ds ihNs ls tSls ¼ewlk½ ;k dksbZ Q+fj'rk Hkst ns ¼tSls eksgEen½ x+jt+ ogvius ,[+rs;kj ls tks pkgrk gS iSx+ke Hkst nsrk gS cs'kd og vkyh'kku fgder okyk gS ¼51½vkSj blh rjg geus vius gqDe dks :g ¼d+qjku½ rqEgkjh rjQ ^ogh* ds t+fj, ls Hksts rks rqe ufdrkc gh dks tkurs Fks fd D;k gS vkSj u bZeku dks exj bl ¼d+qjku½ dks ,d uwj cuk;k gSfd blls ge vius cUnksa esa ls ftldh pkgrs gSa fgnk;r djrs gSa vkSj blesa Ód ugha fd rqe ¼,sjlwy½ lh/kk gh jkLrk fn[kkrs gks ¼52½¼;kfu½ mldk jkLrk fd tks vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu es a gS ¼x+jt+ lc dqN½ mlh dkgS lqu j[kks lc dke vYykg gh dh rjQ :tw gksaxs vkSj ogh QSlyk djsxk ¼53½

43 lwjg t+q[k+jqQ+lwjg t+q[k+jqQ+ eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh ¼89½ uoklh vk;rsa gSaAvYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSgk ehe ¼1½jkS'ku fdrkc ¼d++qjku½ dh d+le ¼2½geus bl fdrkc dks vjch t+cku dq+jku t+:j cuk;k gS rkfd rqe le>ks ¼3½vkSj cs'kd ;s ¼d++qjku½ vlyh fdrkc ¼ykSg egQwt+½ esa ¼Hkh tks½ esjs ikl gS fy[kh gq;h gS¼vkSj½ ;d+huu cM+s :rcs dh ¼vkSj½ iqjvt+ fgder gS ¼4½Hkyk bl otg ls fd rqe T+;knrh djus okys yksx gks ge rqedks ulhgr djus ls eq¡g eksM+saxs¼gjfxt+ ugha½ ¼5½vkSj geus vxys yksxksa dks cgqr ls iSx+Ecj Hksts Fks ¼6½vkSj dksbZ iSx+Ecj muds ikl ,slk ugha vk;k ftlls bu yksxksa us BV~Bs ugha fd, gks ¼7½rks muesa ls tks T+;knk t+ksjkoj Fks rks mudks geus gykd dj ekjk vkSj ¼nqfu;k esa½ vxyksa dsvQ+lkus tkjh gks x, ¼8½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ vxj rqe muls iwNks fd lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dks fdlus iSnk fd;k rks ogt+:j dg nsaxs fd mudks cM+s okfd+Q+dkj t+cjnLr ¼vYykg us½ iSnk fd;k gS ¼9½ftlus rqe yksxksa ds okLrs t+ehu dk fcNkSuk cuk;k vkSj ¼fQj½ mlesa rqEgkjs uQ+s ds fy, jkLrscuk, rkfd rqe jkg ekywe djks ¼10½vkSj ftlus ,d ¼equkflc½ vUnkts+ ds lkFk vkleku ls ikuh cjlk;k fQj ge gh us mlds ¼t+fj,½ls eqnkZ ¼ijrh½ Ógj dks ft+Unk ¼vkckn½ fd;k mlh rjg rqe Hkh ¼d+;ker ds fnu d+czksa ls½fudkys tkvksxs ¼11½

vkSj ftlus gj fdLe dh pht+s iSnk dha vkSj rqEgkjs fy, df'r;k¡ cuk;ha vkSj pkjik, ¼iSnk fd,½ftu ij rqe lokj gksrs gks ¼12½rkfd rqe mldh ihB ij pxM+s esa ¼vPNh rjg½ ckr rd u dj ldsa¼vYykg dh csVh gks ldrh gS½ ¼18½vkSj mu yksxksa us Q+fj'rksa dks fd og Hkh vYykg ds cUns gSa ¼vYykg dh½ csfV;k¡ cuk;h gSa yksxQfj'rksa dh iSnkb'k D;ksa [kM+s ns[k jgs Fks vHkh mudh Ógknr d+ye cUn dj yh tkrh gS ¼19½vkSj ¼d+;ker½ esa muls ckt+iqlZ dh tk,xh vkSj dgrs gSa fd vxj vYykg pkgrk rks ge mudhijlfr'k u djrs mudks mldh dqN [+kcj gh ugha ;s yksx rks cl vVdy iPpw ckrsa fd;k djrsgSa ¼20½;k geus mudks mlls igys dksbZ fdrkc nh Fkh fd ;s yksx mls et+cwr Fkkesa gq, gSa ¼21½cfYd ;s yksx rks ;s dgrs gSa fd geus vius cki nknkvksa dks ,d rjhds+ ij ik;k vkSj gemudks d+ne c d+ne Bhd jkLrs ij pys tk jgsa gSa ¼22½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ blh rjg geus rqels igys fdlh cLrh esa dksbZ Mjkus okyk ¼iSx+Ecj½ ugha Hkstk

exj ogk¡ ds [+kq'kgky yksxksa us ;gh dgk fd geus vius cki nknkvksa dks ,d rjhds+ ij ik;k]vkSj ge ;d+huh muds d+ne c d+ne pys tk jgs gSa ¼23½¼bl ij½ muds iSx+Ecj us dgk Hkh ftl rjhd+s ij rqeus vius cki nknkvksa dks ik;k vxjps eSarqEgkjs ikl blls csgrj jkgs jkLr ij ykus okyk nhu ysdj vk;k gw¡ ¼rks Hkh u ekuksxs½ og cksys¼dqN gks exj½ ge rks ml nhu dks tks rqe nsdj Hksts x, gks ekuus okys ugha ¼24½rks geus muls cnyk fy;k ¼rks t+jk½ ns[kks rks fd >qBykus okyksa dk D;k vUtke gqvk ¼25½¼vkSj og o[+r ;kn djks½ tc bczkghe us vius ¼eq¡g cksys½ cki ¼vkt+j½ vkSj viuh d+kSe lsdgk fd ftu pht+ksa dks rqe yksx iwtrs gks eSa ;d+huu mlls cst+kj gw¡ ¼26½exj mldh bcknr djrk gw¡] ftlus eq>s iSnk fd;k rks ogh cgqr tYn esjh fgnk;r djsxk ¼27½vkSj mlh ¼bZeku½ dks bczkghe us viuh vkSykn esa ges'kk ckd+h jgus okyh ckr NksM+ x, rkfdog ¼vYykg dh rjQ :tw½ djsa ¼28½cfYd eSa mudks vkSj muds cki nknkvksa dks Qk;nk igq¡pkrk jgk ;gk¡ rd fd muds ikl ¼nhus½gd+ vkSj lkQ+ lkQ+ c;ku djus okyk jlwy vk igq¡pk ¼29½vkSj tc muds ikl ¼nhu½ gd+ vk x;k rks dgus yxs ;s rks tknw gS vkSj ge rks gjfxt+ bldsekuus okys ugha ¼30½vkSj dgus yxs fd ;s d++qjku bu nks cfLr;ksa ¼eDds rk,Q½ esa ls fdlh cM+s vkneh ij D;ksa ughaukft+y fd;k x;k ¼31½;s yksx rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh jger dks ¼vius rkSj ij½ ck¡Vrs gS a geus rks buds njfe;ku mudhjkst+h nqu;koh ft+Unxh esa ck¡V gh nh gS vkSj ,d ds nwwljs ij ntsZ cqyUn fd, gSa rkfd buesa dk,d nwljs ls f[+kner ys vkSj tks eky ¼ervk½ ;s yksx tek djrs fQjrs gSa vYykg dh jger¼iSx+Ecj½ blls dgha csgrj gS ¼32½vkSj vxj ;s ckr u gksrh fd ¼vkf[+kj½ lc yksx ,d gh rjhd+s ds gks tk,¡xs rks ge muds fy,tks vYykg ls bUdkj djrs gSa muds ?kjksa dh Nrsa vkSj ogh lhf

vkSj muds ?kjksa ds njokt+s vkSj og r[+r ftu ij rfd;s yxkrs gSa pk¡nh vkSj lksus ds cuk nsrs¼34½;s lc lkt+ks lkeku] rks cl nqfu;koh ft+Unxh ds ¼pUn jkst+k½ lkt+ks lkeku gSa ¼tks feV tk,¡xs½vkSj vk[+ksjr ¼dk lkeku½ rks rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ds ;gkW [+kkl ijgst+xkjksa ds fy, gS ¼35½vkSj tks Ó[+l vYykg dh pkg ls vU/kk curk gS ge ¼xks;k [+kqn½ mlds okLrs ÓSrku eqd+jZj djnsrs gSa rks ogh mldk ¼gj ne dk½ lkFkh gS ¼36½vkSj og ¼Ó;krhu½ mu yksxksa dks ¼vYykg dh½ jkg ls jksdrs jgrs gSa ckotwn blds og mlh[+;ky esa gSa fd og ;d+huh jkgs jkLr ij gSa ¼37½;gk¡ rd fd tc ¼d+;ker esa½ gekjs ikl vk,xk rks ¼vius lkFkh ÓSrku ls½ dgsxk dk'k eq>esavkSj rqeesa iwjc if'pe dk Q+klyk gksrk x+jt+ ¼ÓSrku Hkh½ D;k gh cqjk jQhd+ gS ¼38½vkSj tc rqe ukQjekfu;k¡ dj pqds rks ¼Ó;krhu ds lkFk½ rqEgkjk vt+kc esa Ójhd gksuk Hkh vktrqedks ¼vt+kc dh deh esa½ dksbZ Qk;nk ugha igq¡pk ldrk ¼39½rks ¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqe cgjksa dks lquk ldrs gks ;k vU/ks dks vkSj ml Ó[+l dks tks ljhghxqejkgh esa iM+k gks jkLrk fn[kk ldrs gks ¼gjfxt+ ugha½ ¼40½rks vxj ge rqedks ¼nqfu;k ls½ ys Hkh tk,¡ rks Hkh gedks muls cnyk ysuk t+:jh gS ¼41½;k ¼rqEgkjh ft+Unxh gh esa½ ftl vt+kc dk geus muls ok;nk fd;k gS rqedks fn[kk nsa rks mu ijgj rjg d+kcw j[krs gSa ¼42½rks rqEgkjs ikl tks ogh Hksth x;h gS rqe mls et+cwr idM+s jgks blesa Ód ugha fd rqe lh/khjkg ij gks ¼43½vkSj ;s ¼d+qjku½ rqEgkjs fy, vkSj rqEgkjh d+kSe ds fy, ulhgr gS vkSj vud+jhc gh rqe yksxksa lsbldh ckt+iqlZ dh tk,xh ¼44½vkSj geus rqels igys vius ftrus iSx+Ecj Hksts gSa mu lc ls nfj;kr dj ns[kks D;k geusvYykg fd flok vkSj ekcwn cuk,k Fks fd mudh bcknr dh tk, ¼45½

vkSj ge gh us ;d+huu ewlk dks viuh fu'kkfu;k¡ nsdj fQjvkÅu vkSj mlds njckfj;ksa ds ikl¼iSx+Ecj cukdj½ Hkstk Fkk rks ewlk us dgk fd eSa lkjs tgkWu ds ikyus okys ¼vYykg½ dk jlwygw¡ ¼46½rks tc ewlk mu yksxksa ds ikl gekjs ekSftt+s ysdj vk, rks og yksx mu ekSftt+ksa dh g¡lh mM+kusyxs ¼47½vkSj ge tks ekSftt+k mu dks fn[kkrs Fks og nwljs ls crk ¼51½;k ¼lw>rk gS fd½ eSa bl Ó[+l ¼ewlk½ ls tks ,d t+yhy vkneh gS vkSj ¼gdys iu dh otgls½ lkQ+ xq+rxw Hkh ugha dj ldrk ¼52½dgha cgqr csgrj gw¡ ¼vxj ;s csgrj gS rks blds fy, lksus ds daxu½ ¼[+k+qnk ds gkW ls½ D;ksa ughamrkjs x;s ;k mlds lkFk Q+fj'rs tek gksdj vkrs ¼53½x+jt+ fQ+jkÅu us ¼ckrsa cukdj½ viuh d+kSe dh vd+y ekj nh vkSj og yksx mlds rkcsnkj cux;s cs'kd og yksx cndkj Fks gh ¼54½x+jt+ tc mu yksxksa us gedks >q>ayk fn;k rks geus Hkh muls cnyk fy;k rks geus mu lc ¼dslc½ dks Mqcks fn;k ¼55½fQj geus mudks x;k xqt+jk vkSj fiNyksa ds okLrs bcjr cuk fn;k ¼56½

vkSj¼,s jlwy½ tc efj;e ds csVs ¼bZlk½ dh felky c;ku dh x;h rks mlls rqEgkjh d+kSe ds yksxf[kyf[kyk dj galus yxs ¼57½vkSj cksy mBs fd Hkyk gekjs ekcwn vPNs gSa ;k og ¼bZlk½ mu yksxksa us tks bZlk dh felkyrqels c;ku dh gS rks flQZ >xM+us dks ¼58½cfYd ¼gd+ rks ;g gS fd½ ;s yksx gSa >xM+kyw bZlk rks cl gekjs ,d cUns Fks ftu ij geus,glku fd;k ¼uch cuk;k vkSj ekSftt+s fn;s½ vkSj mudks geus cuh bljkbZy ds fy, ¼viuh dqnjrdk½ uewuk cuk;k ¼59½vkSj vxj ge pkgrs rks rqe gh yksxksa esa ls ¼fdlh dks½ Q+fj'rs cuk nsrs tks rqEgkjh txg t+ehuesa jgrs ¼60½vkSj og rks ;d+huu d+;ker dh ,d jkS'ku nyhy gS rqe yksx blesa gjfxt+ Ód+ u djks vkSjesjh iSjoh djks ;gh lh/kk jkLrk gS ¼61½vkSj ¼dgha½ ÓSrku rqe yksxksa dks ¼blls½ jksd u ns ogh ;d+huu rqEgkjk [kqYye [kqYyk nq'eu gS¼62½vkSj tc bZlk okt+s, o jkS'ku ekSftt+s ysdj vk;s rks ¼yksxksa ls½ dgk eSa rqEgkjs ikl nkukbZ ¼dhfdrkc½ ysdj vk;k gw¡ rkfd ckt+ ckrsa ftu es a rqe yksx ,[+rsykQ djrs Fks rqedks lkQ&lkQcrk nw¡ rks rqe yksx vYykg ls Mjks vkSj esjk dgk ekuks ¼63½cs'kd [+k+qnk gh esjk vkSj rqEgkj ijojfnxkj gS rks mlh dh bcknr djks ;gh lh/kk jkLrk gS ¼64½rks buesa ls dbZ fQjd+s muls ,[+rsykQ djus yxs rks ftu yksxksa us t++qYe fd;k mu ij nnZukadfnu ds vt+c ls vQ+lksl gS ¼65½D;k ;s yksx cl d+;ker ds gh eqfUt+j cSBs gSa fd vpkud gh mu ij vk tk, vkSj mu dks[k+cj rd u gks ¼66½¼fnyh½ nksLr bl fnu ¼ckge½ ,d nwljs ds nq'keu gksxsa exj ijgst+xkj fd og nksLr gh jgsxsa¼67½

vkSj [+k+qnk muls dgsxk ,s esjs cUnksa vkt u rks rqedks dksbZ [k+kSQ gS vkSj u rqe x+ex+hu gksxs¼68½¼;g½s og yksx gSa tks gekjh vk;rksa ij bZeku yk, vkSj ¼gekjs½ Q+jekcjnkj Fks ¼69½rks rqe viuh chfo;ksa leSr ,tkt+ o bdjke ls csfg'r esa nkf[ky gks tkvks ¼70½mu ij lksus dh ,d fjd+kfc;ksa vkSj I;kfy;ksa dk nkSj pysxk vkSj ogk¡ ftl pht+ dks th pkgsvkSj ftlls vk¡[ksa yT+t+r mBk,a ¼lc ekStwn gSa½ vkSj rqe mlesa ges'kk jgksxs ¼71½vkSj ;s tUur ftlds rqe okfjl ¼fgLlsnkj½ dj fn;s x;s gks rqEgkjh d+kjxqt+kfj;ksa dk flyk gS¼72½ogk¡ rqEgkjs okLrs cgqr ls esos gSa ftudks rqe [kkvksxs ¼73½¼xqukgxkj dq+Q+kj½ rks ;d+hdu tgUuqe ds vt+kc esa ges'kk jgsxsa ¼74½tks muls dHkh ukx+k u fd;k tk,xk vkSj og blh vt+kc esa ukmEehn gksdj jgsaxsa ¼75½vkSj geus mu ij dksbZ t+qYe ugha fd;k cfYd og yksx [k+qn vius Åij t+qYe dj jgs gSa ¼76½vkSj ¼tgUuqeh½ iqdkjsxsa fd ,s ekfyd ¼njksx+k , tgUuqe dksbZ rjdhc djks½ rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj gesaekSr gh ns ns og tokc nsxk fd rqedks blh gky esa jguk gS ¼77½¼,s dq+Q+kj eDdk½ ge rks rqEgkjs ikl gd+ ysdj vk;sa gSa rqe es ls cgqr ls gd+ ¼ckr lsfprs gSa fd ge muds Hksn vkSj mudh ljx+ksf'k;ksa dks ugha lqurs gkW ¼t+:jlqurs gSa½ vkSj gekjs Q+fj'rs muds ikl gSa vkSj mudh lc ckrsa fy[krs tkrs gSa ¼80½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd vxj [+k+qnk dh dksbZ vkSykn gksrh rks eSa lcls igys mldh bcknr dksrS;kj gw¡ ¼81½

;s yksx tks dqN c;ku djrs gSa lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dk ekfyd v'kZ dk ekfyd ¼[+k+qnk½ mllsikd o ikd+ht+k gS ¼82½rks rqe mUgsa NksM+ nks fd iM+s cd cd djrs vkSj [ksyrs jgrs gSa ;gk¡ rd fd ftl fnu dkmuls ok;nk fd;k tkrk gS ¼83½muds lkeus vk ekStwn gks vkSj vkleku esa Hkh ¼mlh dh bcknr dh tkrh gS vkSj ogh t+ehu esaHkh ekcwn gS vkSj ogh okfdQ+dkj fgder okyk gS ¼84½vkSj ogh cgqr ckcjdr gS ftlds fy, lkjs vkleku o t+ehu vkSj nksuksa ds njfe;ku dh gqd+qergS vkSj d+;ker dh [k+cj Hkh mlh dks gS vkSj rqe yksx mldh rjQ ykSVk, tkvksxs ¼85½vkSj vYykg ds flok ftudh ;s yksx bcknr djrsa gSa og rks flQkfj'k dk Hkh ,[+rs;kj ughaj[k+rs exj ¼gkW½ tks yksx le> cw> dj gd+ ckr ¼rkSghn½ dh xokgh nsa ¼rks [kSj½ ¼86½vkSj vxj rqe muls iwNksxs fd mudks fdlus iSnk fd;k rks t+:j dg nsxsa fd vYykg us fQj¼ckotwn blds½ ;s dgk¡ cgds tk jgs gSa ¼87½vkSj ¼mlh dks½ jlwy ds ml d+kSy dk Hkh bYe gS fd ijojfnxkj ;s yksx gjfxt+ bZeku u yk,¡xs¼88½rks rqe muls eq¡g Qsj yks vkSj dg nks fd rqe dks lyke rks mUgsa vud+jhc gh ¼Ójkjr dkurhtk½ ekywe gks tk,xk ¼89½

44 lwjg vn nq[k+kulwjg vn nq[k+ku eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj blesa ¼59½ mulB vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSgk ehe ¼1½okt+s, o jkS'ku fdrkc ¼dq+jku½ dh d+le ¼2½geus bldks eqckjd jkr ¼Ócs d+nz½ esa ukft+y fd;k cs'kd ge ¼vt+kc ls½ Mjkus okys Fks ¼3½blh jkr dks reke nqfu;k ds fgd+er o elysgr ds ¼lky Hkj ds½ dke Q+Slys fd;s tkrs gSa¼4½;kfu gekjs ;gk¡ ls gqDe gksdj ¼cs'kd½ ge gh ¼iSx+Ecjksa ds½ Hkstus okys gSa ¼5½;s rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh esgjckuh gS] og cs'kd cM+k lquus okyk okfd+Q+dkj gS ¼6½lkjs vkleku o t+ehu vkSj tks dqN bu nksuksa ds njfe;ku gS lcdk ekfyd ¼7½vxj rqeesa ;d+hu djus dh lykfg;r gS ¼rks djks½ mlds flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha & ogh ftykrk gSogh ekjrk gS rqEgkjk ekfyd vkSj rqEgkjs ¼vxys½ cki nknkvksa dk Hkh ekfyd gS ¼8½ysfdu ;s yksx rks Ód esa iM+s [ksy jgs gSa ¼9½rks rqe ml fnu dk bUrst+kj djks fd vkleku ls t+kfgj c t+kfgj /kqvk¡ fudysxk ¼10½¼vkSj½ yksxksa dks

¼ml oD+r½ Hkyk D;k mudks ulhgr gksxh tc muds ikl iSx+Ecj vk pqds tks lkQ+ lkQ+ c;kudj nsrs Fks ¼13½bl ij Hkh mu yksxksa us mlls eq¡g Qsjk vkSj dgus yxs ;s rks ¼fl[kk;k½ is laxlkj djks eSa vius vkSj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ¼vYykg½ dh iukgekaxrk gw¡ ¼20½vkSj vxj rqe eq> ij bZeku ugha yk, rks rqe eq>ls vyx gks tkvks ¼21½¼exj og lqukus yxs½ rc ewlk us vius ijojfnxkj ls nqvk dh fd ;s cM+s Ójhj yksx gSa ¼22½rks vYykg us gqDe fn;k fd rqe esjs cUnksa ¼cuh bljkbZy½ dks jkrksa jkr ysdj pys tkvks vkSjrqEgkjk ihNk Hkh t+:j fd;k tk,xk ¼23½vkSj nfj;k dks viuh gkyr ij Bgjk gqvk NksM+ dj ¼ikj gks½ tkvks ¼rqEgkjs ckn½ mudk lkjky'kdj Mqcks fn;k tk,xk ¼24½og yksx ¼vYykg tkus½ fdrus ckx+ vkSj p'esa vkSj [ksfr;k¡ ¼25½

vkSj uQhl edkukr vkSj vkjke dh pht+sa ¼26½ftuesa og ,s'k vkSj pSu fd;k djrs Fks NksM+ x;s ;w¡ gh gqvk ¼27½vkSj mu reke pht+ksa dk nwljs yksxksa dks ekfyd cuk fn;k ¼28½rks mu yksxksa ij vkleku o t+ehu dks Hkh jksuk u vk;k vkSj u mUgsa eksgyr gh nh x;h ¼29½vkSj geus cuh bljkbZy dks ft+Yyr ds vt+kc ls fQjvkÅu ¼ds iUts½ ls utkr nh ¼30½og cs'kd ljd'k vkSj gn ls ckgj fudy x;k Fkk ¼31½vkSj geus cuh bljkbZy dks le> cw> dj lkjs tgkWu ls cjxqt+hnk fd;k Fkk ¼32½vkSj geus mudks ,slh fu'kkfu;k¡ nh Fkha ftuesa ¼mudh½ ljhgh vkt+ekb'k Fkh ¼33½;s ¼dq+Q+kjs eDdk½ ¼eqlyekuksa ls½ dgrs gSa ¼34½fd gesa rks flQZ ,d ckj ejuk gS vkSj fQj ge nksckjk ¼ft+Unk djds½ mBk, u tk,¡xs ¼35½rks vxj rqe lPps gks rks gekjs cki nknkvksa dks ¼ft+Unk djds½ ys vkvks ¼36½Hkyk ;s yksx ¼d+wor esa½ vPNs gSa ;k rqCck dh d+kSe vkSj og yksx tks muls igys gks pqds geusmu lcdks gykd dj fn;k ¼D;ksafd½ og t+:j xqukgxkj Fks ¼37½vkSj geus lkjs vkleku o t+ehu vkSj tks pht+s mu nksuksa ds njfe;ku esa gSa mudks [ksyrs gq, ughacuk;k ¼38½bu nksuksa dks geus cl Bhd ¼elygr ls½ iSnk fd;k exj muesa ds cgqrsjs yksx ugha tkurs ¼39½cs'kd Q+Slyk ¼d+;ker½ dk fnu mu lc ¼ds nksckj ft+Unk gksus½ dk eqd+jZj oD+r gS ¼40½ftl fnu dksbZ nksLr fdlh nksLr ds dqN dke u vk,xk vkSj u mu dh enn dh tk,xh ¼41½

exj ftu ij vYykg jge Qjek, cs'kd og ¼vYykg½ lc ij x+kfyc cM+k jge djus okyk gS¼42½¼vk[+ksjr esa½ FkksgM+ dk nj[+r ¼43½t+:j xqusgxkj dk [kkuk gksxk ¼44½tSls fi?kyk gqvk rkack og isVksa esa bl rjg mcky [kk,xk ¼45½tSls [kkSyrk gqvk ikuh mcky [kkrk gS ¼46½¼Qfj'rksa dks gqDe gksxk½ bldks idM+ks vkSj ?klhVrs gq, nkst+[k+ ds chpksa chp esa ys tkvks ¼47½fQj mlds lj ij [kkSyrs gq, ikuh dk vt+kc Mkyks fQj mlls rkvkuu dgk tk,xk vc et+kp[kks ¼48½cs'kd rw rks cM+k bT+t+r okyk ljnkj gS ¼49½;s ogh nkst+[+k rks gS ftlesa rqe yksx Ód fd;k djrs Fks ¼50½cs'kd ijgst+xkj yksx vEku dh txg ¼51½¼;kfu½ ckx+ksa vkSj p'eksa esa gksaxs ¼52½js'ke dh dHkh ckjhd+ vkSj dHkh ncht+ iks'kkdsa igus gq, ,d nwljs ds vkeus lkeus cSBs gksaxs¼53½,slk gh gksxk vkSj ge cM+h cM+h vk¡[kksa okyh gwjksa ls muds tksM+s yxk nsaxs ¼54½ogk¡ bResuku ls gj fdLe ds esos eaxok dj [kk;saxs ¼55½ogk¡ igyh nQ+k dh ekSr ds flok mudks ekSr dh ry[k+h p[+kuh gh u iM+sxh vkSj vYykg mudksnkst+[k+ ds vt+kc ls egQwt+ j[ksxk ¼56½

¼;s½ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dk Qt+y gS ;gh rks cM+h dke;kch gS ¼57½rks geus bl d++qjku dks rqEgkjh t+cku esa ¼blfy,½ vklku dj fn;k gS rkfd ;s yksx ulhgridM+sa rks ¼58½¼urhts ds½ rqe Hkh eqUrft+j jgks ;s yksx Hkh eqUrft+j gSa ¼59½

45 lwjg tkfl;klwjg tkfl;k eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh lSrhl ¼37½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSgk ehe ¼1½;s fdrkc ¼d+qjku½ vYykg dh rjQ ls ukft+y gqbZ gS tks x+kfyc vkSj nkuk gS ¼2½cs'kd vkleku vkSj t+ehu esa bZeku okyksa ds fy, ¼d+qnjrs vYykg dh½ cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼3½vkSj rqEgkjh iSnkb'k esa ¼Hkh½ vkSj ftu tkuojksa dks og ¼t+ehu ij½ QSykrk jgrk gS ¼muesa Hkh½;d+hu djus okyksa ds okLrs cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼4½vkSj jkr fnu ds vkus tkus esa vkSj vYykg us vkleku ls tks ¼t+fj;k½ fjt+d ¼ikuh½ ukft+yQjek;k fQj mlls t+ehu dks mlds ej tkus ds ckn ft+Unk fd;k ¼mlesa½ vkSj gokvksa Qsj cnyesa vD+yeUn yksxksa ds fy, cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼5½;s vYykg dh vk;rsa gSa ftudks ge Bhd ¼Bhd½ rqEgkjs lkeus iwBs xqukgxkj ij vQlksl gS ¼7½fd vYykg dh vk;rsa mlds lkeus i

;s ¼d++qjku½ gS vkSj ftu yksxksa us vius ijojfnxkj dh vk;rksa ls bUdkj fd;k muds fy, l[+rfdLe dk nnZukd vt+kc gksxk ¼11½vYykg gh rks gS ftlus nfj;k dks rqEgkjs d+kcw esa dj fn;k rkfd mlds gqDe ls mlesa df'r;k¡pysa vkSj rkfd mlds Qt+y ¼o dje½ ls ¼evk'k dh½ ryk'k djks vkSj rkfd rqe ÓqØ djks¼12½vkSj tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS lcdks vius ¼gqDe½ ls rqEgkjs dke esayxk fn;k gS tks yksx x+kSj djrs gSa muds fy, blesa ¼d++qnjrs vYykg dh½ cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa¼13½¼,s jlwy½ eksfeuksa ls dg nks fd tks yksx vYykg ds fnuksa dh ¼tks tt+k ds fy, eqd+jZj gSa½roD+d+ks ugha j[krs muls njxqt+j djsa rkfd og yksxksa ds vkeky dk cnyk ns ¼14½tks Ó[+l usd dke djrk gS rks [k+kl vius fy, vkSj cqjk dke djsxk rks ml dk ocky mlhij gksxk fQj ¼vkf[+kj½ rqe vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ykSVk, tkvksxs ¼15½vkSj geus cuh bljkbZy dks fdrkc ¼rkSjsr½ vkSj gqdwer vkSj ucwor vrk dh vkSj mUgsa mEnk mEnkpht+sa [kkus dks nha vkSj mudks lkjs tgkWu ij Q+t+hyr nh ¼16½vkSj mudks nhu dh [kqyh gqbZ nyhysa buk;r dh rks mu yksxks a us bYe vk pqdus ds ckn clvkil dh ft+n esa ,d nwljs ls ,[+rsykQ+ fd;k fd ;s yksx ftu ckrksa ls ,[+rsykQ+ dj jgsa gSad+;ker ds fnu rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj muesa QSlyk dj nsxk ¼17½fQj ¼,s jlwy½ geus rqedks nhu ds [kqys jkLrs ij d+k;e fd;k gS rks blh ¼jkLrs½ ij pys tkvksvkSj uknkuksa dh [+okfg'kks dh iSjoh u djks ¼18½;s yksx vYykg ds lkeus rqEgkjs dqN Hkh dke u vk,¡xs vkSj t+kfye yksx ,d nwljs ds ennxkjgSa vkSj vYykg rks ijgst+xkjksa dk ennxkj gS ¼19½;s ¼d++qjku½ yksxksa ¼dh½ fgnk;r ds fy, nyhyks dk etewvk gS vkSj ckrsa djus okys yksxksa dsfy, ¼vt+ljrkik½ fgnk;r o jger gS ¼20½tks yksx cqjk dke fd;k djrs gSa D;k og ;s le>rs gSa fd ge mudks mu yksxksa ds cjkcj dj

nsaxs tks bZeku yk, vkSj vPNs vPNs dke Hkh djrs jgs vkSj mu lc dk thuk ejuk ,d lkgksxk ;s yksx ¼D;k½ cqjs gqDe yxkrs gSa ¼21½vkSj vYykg us lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dks fgder o elysgr ls iSnk fd;k vkSj rkfd gj Ó[+ldks mlds fd;s dk cnyk fn;k tk, vkSj mu ij ¼fdlh rjg dk½ t++qYe ugha fd;k tk,xk ¼22½Hkyk rqeus ml Ó[+l dks Hkh ns[kk gS ftlus viuh uQfl;kuh [+kokfg'kksa dks ekcwn cuk j[kk gSvkSj ¼mldh gkyr½ le> cw> dj vYykg us mls xqejkgh es a NksM+ fn;k gS vkSj mlds dku vkSjfny ij vyker eqd+jZj dj nh gS ¼fd ;s bZeku u yk,xk½ vkSj mldh vk¡[k ij inkZ Mky fn;kgS fQj vYykg ds ckn mldh fgnk;r dkSu dj ldrk gS rks D;k rqe yksx ¼bruk Hkh½ x+kSj ughadjrs ¼23½vkSj og yksx dgrs gSa fd gekjh ft+Unxh rks cl nqfu;k gh dh gS ¼;gha½ ejrs gSa vkSj ¼;gha½thrs gSa vkSj gedks cl t+ekuk gh ¼ftykrk½ ekjrk gS vkSj mudks bldh dqN [+kcj rks gS ugha ;syksx rks cl vVdy dh ckrsa djrs gSa ¼24½vkSj tc muds lkeus gekjh [kqyh [kqyh vk;rsa i

x+jt+ ftu yksxksa us bZeku d+qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke fd;s rks mudks mudk ijojfnxkjviuh jger ¼ls csfg'r½ esa nkf[+ky djsxk ;gh rks ljhgh dke;kch gS ¼30½vkSj ftUgksaus dqÝ ,[+rs;kj fd;k ¼muls dgk tk,xk½ rks D;k rqEgkjs lkeus gekjh vk;rsa ugha irs gSa vkSj ge rks ¼mldk½ ;d+hu ugha j[krs ¼32½vkSj muds djrwrksa dh cqjkbZ;k¡ ml ij t+kfgj gks tk,¡xh vkSj ftl ¼vt+kc½ dh ;s g¡lh mM+k;kdjrs Fks mUgsa ¼gj rjQ ls½ ?ksj ysxk ¼33½vkSj ¼muls½ dgk tk,xk fd ftl rjg rqeus ml fnu ds vkus dks Hkqyk fn;k Fkk mlh rjg vktge rqedks viuh jger ls venu Hkqyk nsaxs vkSj rqEgkjk fBdkuk nkst+[k+ gS vkSj dksbZ rqEgkjkennxkj ugha ¼34½;s bl lcc ls fd rqe yksxksa us vYykg dh vk;rksa dks g¡lh BV~Bk cuk j[kk Fkk vkSj nqu;kohft+Unxh us rqedks /kks[ks esa Mky fn;k Fkk x+jt+ ;s yksx u rks vkt nqfu;k ls fudkys tk,¡xs vkSju mudks bldk ekSdk fn;k tk,xk fd ¼rkSck djds vYykg dks½ jkt+h dj ys ¼35½il lc rkjhQ vYykg gh ds fy, lt+kokj gS tks lkjs vkleku dk ekfyd vkSj t+ehu dkekfyd ¼x+jt+½ lkjs tgkWu dk ekfyd gS ¼36½vkSj lkjs vkleku o t+ehu esa mlds fy, cM+kbZ gS vkSj ogh ¼lc ij½ x+kfyc fgder okyk gS¼37½

46 lwjg vgd+kQ+lwjg vgd+kQ+ ^^dqy vjk,Srqe budkuk] Q+lfcj dek lcz o olh;ry bUlkuk** rhu vk;rksa dsflok eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bl dh iS arhl ¼35½ vk;rsa gSa vkSj pkj :dw gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSgk ehe ¼1½;s fdrkc x+kfyc ¼o½ gdhe vYykg dh rjQ ls ukft+y gq;h gS ¼2½geus rks lkjs vkleku o t+ehu vkSj tks dqN bu nksuksa ds njfe;ku gS fgder gh ls ,d [+kkloD+r rd ds fy, gh iSnk fd;k gS vkSj dq+Q+kj ftu pht+ksa ls Mjk, tkrs gSa mu ls eq¡g Qsjysrs gSa ¼3½¼,s jlwy½ rqe iwNks fd vYykg dks NksM+ dj ftudh rqe bcknr djrs gks D;k rqeus mudks ns[kkgS eq>s Hkh rks fn[kkvks fd mu yksxksa us t+ehu esa D;k pht+s iSnk dh gSa ;k vklekuksa ¼ds cukus½esa mudh f'kjdr gS rks vxj rqe lPps gks rks mlls igys dh dksbZ fdrkc ¼;k vxyksa ds½ bYedk cfd+;k gks rks esjs lkeus is'k djks ¼4½vkSj ml Ó[+l ls c

¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eSa dksbZ u;k jlwy rks vk;k ugha gw¡ vkSj eSa dqN ugha tkurk fdvkbUnk esjs lkFk D;k fd;k tk,xk vkSj u ¼;s fd½ rqEgkjs lkFk D;k fd;k tk,xk eSa rks clmlh dk ikcUn gw¡ tks esjs ikl ogh vk;h gS vkSj eSa rks cl ,ykfu;k Mjkus okyk gw¡ ¼9½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd Hkyk ns[kks rks fd vxj ;s ¼d++qjku½ vYykg dh rjQ ls gks vkSj rqemlls bUdkj dj cSBs gkykWfd ¼cuh bljkbZy es a ls½ ,d xokg mlds fely dh xokgh Hkh nspqdk vkSj bZeku Hkh ys vk;k vkSj rqeus ljd'kh dh ¼rks rqEgkjs t+kfye gksus esa D;k Ód gS½cs'kd vYykg t+kfye yksxksa dks efUt+y ed+lwn rd ugha igq¡pkrk ¼10½vkSj dkfQj yksx eksfeuksa ds ckjs esa dgrs gSa fd vxj ;s ¼nhu½ csgrj gksrk rks ;s yksx mldhrjQ gels igys u nkSM+ iM+rs vkSj tc d+qjku ds t+fj, ls mudh fgnk;r u gq;h rks vc Hkhdgsaxs ;s rks ,d d+nheh >wB gS ¼11½vkSj blds d+Cy ewlk dh fdrkc is'kok vkSj ¼ljklj½ jger Fkh vkSj ;s ¼d+qjku½ og fdrkc gStks vjch t+cku esa ¼mldh½ rlnhd+ djrh gS rkfd ¼blds t+fj, ls½ t+kfyeksa dks Mjk, vkSj usdhdkjksa ds fy, ¼vt+ljrkik½ [+kq'k[+kcjh gS ¼12½cs'kd ftu yksxksa us dgk fd gekjk ijojfnxkj vYykg gS fQj og bl ij d+k;e jgs rks¼d+;ker esa½ mudks u dqN [+kkSQ+ gksxk vkSj u og x+ex+hu gksaxs ¼13½;gh rks vgys tUur gSa fd ges'kk mlesa jgsaxs ¼;s½ mldk flyk gS tks ;s yksx ¼nqfu;k esa½ fd;kdjrs Fks ¼14½vkSj geus bUlku dks vius ek¡ cki ds lkFk HkykbZ djus dk gqDe fn;k ¼D;ksa fd½ mldh ek¡ usjat gh dh gkyr esa mldks isV es a j[kk vkSj jat gh ls mldks tuk vkSj mldk isV esa jguk vkSjmldks nw/k cs rkSQ+hd+ vrkQjek fd rwus tks ,glkukr eq> ij vkSj esjs okynSu ij fd;s gSa eSa mu ,glkuksa dk ÓqfØ;k vnkd:¡ vkSj ;s ¼Hkh rkSQhd ns½ fd eSa ,slk usd dke d:¡ ftls rw ilUn djs vkSj esjs fy, esjhvkSykn esa lqykg o rd+ok iSnk djs rsjh rjQ :tw djrk gw¡ vkSj eSa ;d+huu Qjekcjnkjks esa gw¡¼15½;gh og yksx gSa ftuds usd vey ge d+qcwy Qjek,¡xs vkSj csfg'r ¼ds tkus½ okyksa esa mudsxqukgksa ls njx+qt+j djsaxs ¼;s og½ lPpk ok;nk gS tks mu ls fd;k tkrk Fkk ¼16½

vkSj ftlus vius ek¡ cki ls dgk fd rqEgkjk cqjk gks] D;k rqe eq>s /kedh nsrs gks fd eSa nksckjk¼dcz ls½ fudkyk tkÅ¡xk gkykWfd cgqr ls yksx eq>ls igys xqt+j pqds ¼vkSj dksbZ ft+Unk u gqvk½vkSj nksuksa Q+fj;kn dj jgs Fks fd rq> ij ok, gks bZeku ys vk vYykg dk ok;nk t+:j lPpkgS rks og cksy mBk fd ;s rks cl vxys yksxksa ds vQ+lkus gSa ¼17½;s ogh yksx gSa fd ftUukr vkSj vknfe;ksa dh ¼nwljh½ mEersa tks muls igys xqt+j pqdh gSa mu ghds Óqewy esa mu ij Hkh vt+kc dk ok;nk eqLrgd+ gks pqdk gS ;s yksx cs'kd ?kkVk mBkus okys Fks¼18½vkSj yksxksa us tSls dke fd;s gksaxs mlh ds eqrkfcd lcds ntsZ gksaxs vkSj ;s blfy, fd vYykgmuds vkeky dk mudks iwjk iwjk cnyk ns vkSj mu ij dqN Hkh t+qYe u fd;k tk,a ¼19½vkSj ftl fnu dqQkj tgUuqe ds lkeus yk,¡ tk,¡xs ¼rks muls dgk tk,xk fd½ rqeus viuhnqfu;k dh ft+Unxh esa vius et+s mM+k pqds vkSj mlesa [+kwc pSu dj pqds rks vkt rqe ij ft+Yyrdk vt+kc fd;k tk,xk blfy, fd rqe viuh t+ehu esa vdM+k djrs Fks vkSj blfy, fd rqecndkfj;ka djrs Fks ¼20½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe vkn dks HkkbZ ¼gwn½ dks ;kn djks tc mUgksaus viuh d+kSe dks ¼ljt+ehu½vgd+kQ esa Mjk;k vkSj muds igys vkSj muds ckn Hkh cgqr ls Mjkus okys iSx+Ecj xqt+j pqds Fks¼vkSj gwn us viuh d+kSe ls dgk½ fd vYykg ds flok fdlh dh bcknr u djks D;ksafd rqEgkjsckjs esa ,d cM+s l[+r fnu ds vt+kc ls Mjrk gw¡ ¼21½og cksys D;k rqe gekjs ikl blfy, vk, gks fd gedks gekjs ekcwnksa ls Qsj nks rks vxj rqelPps gks rks ftl vt+kc dh rqe gesa /kedh nsrs gks ys vkvks ¼22½gwn us dgk ¼bldk½ bYe rks cl vYykg ds ikl gS vkSj ¼eSa tks ,gdke nsdj Hkstk x;k gw¡½og rqEgsa igq¡pk, nsrk gw¡ exj eSa rqedks ns[krk gw¡ fd rqe tkfgy yksx gks ¼23½rks tc mu yksxksa us bl ¼vt+kc½ dks ns[kk fd ocky dh rjg muds eSnkuksa dh rjQ mEM+k vkjgk gS rks dgus yxs ;s rks ckny gS tks ge ij cjl dj jgsxk ¼ugha½ cfYd ;s og ¼vt+kc½ftldh rqe tYnh epk jgs Fks ¼;s½ og vk¡/kh gS ftlesa nnZukd ¼vt+kc½ gS ¼24½tks vius ijojfnxkj ds gqDe ls gj pht+ dks rckg o cjckn dj nsxh rks og ,sls ¼rckg½ gq,

fd muds ?kjksa ds flok dqN ut+j gh ugha vkrk Fkk ge xqukgxkjksa dh ;w¡ gh lt+k fd;k djrss gSa¼25½vkSj geus mudks ,sls dkeksa esa ed+nwj fn;s Fks ftuesa rqEgsa ¼dqN Hkh½ ed+nwj ugha fn;k vkSj mUgsadku vkSj vk¡[k vkSj fny ¼lc dqN fn, Fks½ rks pw¡fd og yksx vYykg dh vk;rksa ls bUdkjdjus yxs rks u muds dku gh dqN dke vk, vkSj u mudh vk¡[ksa vkSj u muds fny vkSj ftl¼vt+kc½ dh ;s yksx g¡lh mM+k;k djrs Fks mlus mudks gj rjQ ls ?ksj fy;k ¼26½vkSj ¼,s vgys eDdk½ geus rqEgkjs bnZ fxnZ dh cfLr;ksa dks gykd dj ekjk vkSj ¼viuh d+qnjrdh½ cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ rjg rjg ls fn[kk nh rkfd ;s yksx ckt+ vk,¡ ¼exj dkSu lqurk gS½¼27½rks vYykg ds flok ftu dks mu yksxksa us rd+jqZc ¼vYykg½ ds fy, ekcwn cuk j[kk Fkk mUgksaus¼vt+kc ds oD+r½ mudh D;ksa u enn dh cfYd og rks muls x+k;c gks x;s vkSj muds >wB vkSjmudh ¼bQ+rsjk½ ijnkft+;ksa dh ;s gd+hd+r Fkh ¼28½vkSj tc geus ftuksa esa ls dbZ Ó[+lksa dks rqEgkjh rjQ eqrkoTts fd;k fd og fny yxkdj d++qjkulqusa rks tc muds ikl gkft+j gq, rks ,d nqljs ls dgus yxs [+kkeks'k cSBs ¼lqurs½ jgks fQj tc¼i

ftl fnu dq+Q+kj ¼tgUuqe dh½ vkx ds lkeus is'k fd, tk,¡xs ¼rks mu ls iwNk tk,xk½ D;kvc Hkh ;s cjgd+ ugha gS og yksx dgsaxs vius ijojfnxkj dh d+le gk¡ ¼gd+ gS½ vYykgQ+jek,xk rks yks vc vius bUdkj o dqÝ ds cnys vt+kc ds et+s p[kks ¼34½rks ¼,s jlwy½ iSx+Ecjksa esa ls ftl rjg vOoyqy vT+e ¼vkyh fgEer½] lcz djrs jgs rqe Hkh lczdjks vkSj muds fy, ¼vt+kc½ dh rkt+hy dh [+okfg'k u djks ftl fnu ;g yksx ml d;kerdks ns[ksaxs ftldks muls ok;nk fd;k tkrk gS rks ¼mudks ekywe gksxk fd½ xks;k ;s yksx ¼nqfu;kesa½ cgqr jgs gksxsa rks lkjs fnu esa ls ,d ?kM+h Hkj rks cl ogh yksx gykd gksaxs tks cndkj Fks¼35½

47 lwjg eksgEenlwjg eksgEen d+kvf¸;e feu d+j;kfru ds flok enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ ¼vkSj½ bles ¼38½ vM+rhlvk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSftu yksxksa us dqÝ+ bf[+r;kj fd;k vkSj ¼yksxksa dks½ vYykg ds jkLrs ls jksdk vYykg us mudsvkeky vdkjr dj fn, ¼1½vkSj ftu yksxksa us bZeku d++qcwy fd;k vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke fd, vkSj tks ¼fdrkc½ eksgEen ijmuds ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls ukft+y gq;h gS vkSj og cjgd+ gS ml ij bZeku yk, rks vYykg usmuds xqukg muls nwj dj fn, vkSj mudh gkyr laokj nh ¼2½;s bl otg ls fd dkfQjksa us >wBh ckr dh iSjoh dh vkSj bZeku okyksa us vius ijojfnxkj dklPpk nhu ,[+rs;kj fd;k ;w¡ vYykg yksxksa ds le>kus ds fy, felkysa c;ku djrk gS ¼3½rks tc rqe dkfQjksa ls fHkM+ks rks ¼mudh½ xnZusa ekjks ;gk¡ rd fd tc rqe mUgsa t+[+eksa ls pwjdj Mkyks rks mudh eq'dsa dl yks fQj mlds ckn ;k rks ,glku j[k ¼dj NksM+ ns½ ;k eqvkost+kysdj] ;gk¡ rd fd ¼nq'keu½ yM+kbZ ds gfFk;kj j[k ns rks ¼;kn j[kks½ vxj vYykg pkgrk rks¼vkSj rjg½ muls cnyk ysrk exj mlus pkgk fd rqEgkjh vkt+ekb'k ,d nwljs ls ¼yM+ok dj½djs vkSj tks yksx vYykg dh jkg esa Óghn fd;s x, mudh dkjxqt+kfj;ksa dks vYykg gjfxt+vdkjr u djsxk ¼4½mUgsa vud+jhc eaft+ys ed+lwn rd igq¡pk,xk ¼5½vkSj mudh gkyr lokj nsxk vkSj mudks ml csfg'r esa nkf[+ky djsxk ftldk mUgsa ¼igys ls½Ósuklk dj j[kk gS ¼6½,s bZekunkjksa vxj rqe vYykg ¼ds nhu½ dh enn djksxs rks og Hkh rqEgkjh enn djsxk vkSj rqEgsalkfcr d+ne j[ksxk ¼7½vkSj tks yksx dkfQ+j gSa muds fy, rks MxexkgV gS vkSj vYykg ¼muds½ vkeky cjckn dj nsxk¼8½

;s blfy, fd vYykg us tks pht+ ukft+y Q+jek;h mls mUgksus ¼ukilUn fd;k½ rks vYykg usmudh dkjLrkfu;ksa dks vdkjr dj fn;k ¼9½rks D;k ;s yksx :, t+ehu ij pys fQjs ugha rks ns[krs tks yksx muls igys Fks mudk vUtkeD;k ¼[+kjkc½ gqvk fd vYykg us mu ij rckgh Mky nh vkSj blh rjg ¼mu½ dkfQjksa dks Hkh¼lt+k feysxh½ ¼10½;s bl otg ls fd bZekunkjksa dk vYykg ljijLr gS vkSj dkfQjksa dk gjfxt+ dksbZ ljijLr ugha¼11½vYykg mu yksxksa dks tks beku yk, vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke djrs jgs t+:j csfg'r ds mu ckx+ksaesa tk igq¡pk,xk ftuds uhps ugjsa tkjh gSa vkSj tks dkfQ+j gSa og ¼nqfu;k esa½ pSu djrs gSa vkSjbl rjg ¼csfQØh ls [kkrs ¼ihrs½ gS a tSls pkjik, [kkrs ihrs gSa vkSj vkf[+kj½ mudk fBdkuk tgUuqegS ¼12½vkSj ftl cLrh ls rqe yksxksa us fudky fn;k mlls t+ksj esa dgha c

vkSj tks yksx fgnk;r ;kQ+rk gSa mudks vYykg ¼d+qjku ds t+fj, ls½ et+hn fgnk;r djrk gS vkSjmudks ijgst+xkjh vrk Qjekrk gS ¼17½rks D;k ;s yksx cl d+;ker gh ds equrft+j gSa fd mu ij ,d ckjxh vk tk, rks mldhfu'kkfu;k¡ vk pqdh gSa rks ftl oD+r d+;ker mu ¼ds lj½ ij vk igq¡psxh fQj mUgsa ulhgr dgk¡eqQhn gks ldrh gS ¼18½rks fQj le> yks fd vYykg ds flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha vkSj ¼ge ls½ vius vkSj bZekunkj enksZavkSj bZekunkj vkSjrksa ds xqukgksa dh ekQ+h ekaxrs jgks vkSj vYykg rqEgkjs pyus fQjus vkSj Bgjus ls¼[+kwc½ okfd+Q+ gS ¼19½vkSj eksfeuhu dgrs gSa fd ¼tsgkn ds ckjs esa½ dksbZ lwjk D;ksa ugha ukft+y gksrk ysfdu tc dksbZlkQ+ ljhgh ek;uksa dk lwjk ukft+y gqvk vkSj mlesa tsgkn dk c;ku gks rks ftu yksxksa ds fny esa¼usQ+kd+½ dk et+Z gS rqe mudks ns[kksxs fd rqEgkjh rjQ+ bl rjg ns[krs gSa tSls fdlh ij ekSr dhcsgks'kh ¼Nk;h½ gks ¼fd mldh vk¡[ksa iFkjk tk,a½ rks mu ij ok, gks ¼20½¼muds fy, vPNk dke rks½ Qjekcjnkjh vkSj ilUnhnk ckr gS fQj tc yM+kbZ Bu tk, rks vxj;s yksx vYykg ls lPps jgsa rks muds gd+ esa cgqr csgrj gS ¼21½¼equkfQ+d+ksa½ D;k rqels dqN nwj gS fd vxj rqe gkfd+e cuks rks :, t+ehu esa Qlkn QSykus vkSjvius fj'rs ukrksa dks rksM+us yxks ;s ogh yksx gSa ftu ij vYykg us ykur dh gS ¼22½vkSj ¼xks;k [k+qn mlus½ mu ¼ds dkuksa½ dks cgjk vkSj vk¡[kksa dks v¡/kk dj fn;k gS ¼23½rks D;k yksx d++qjku esa ¼t+jk Hkh½ x+kSj ugha djrs ;k ¼muds½ fnyksa ij rkys yxs gq, gSa ¼24½cs'kd tks yksx jkgs fgnk;r lkQ+ lkQ+ ekywe gksus ds ckn myVs ik¡o ¼dqÝ+ dh rjQ½ fQj x;sÓSrku us mUgsa ¼cqrs nsdj½

ks tc Qfj'rsa mudh tku fudkysaxs ml oD+r mudk D;k gky gksxk fd muds psgjksa ij vkSjmudh iq'r ij ekjrs tk,¡xs ¼27½;s bl lcc ls fd ftl pht+ksa ls vYykg uk[+kq'k gS mldh rks ;s yksx iSjoh djrs gSa vkSjftlesa vYykg dh [+kq'kh gS mlls cst+kj gSa rks vYykg us Hkh mudh dkjLrkfu;ksa dks vdkjr djfn;k ¼28½D;k og yksx ftuds fnyksa esa ¼usQ+kd+ dk½ et+Z gS ;s [+;ky djrs gSa fd vYykg fny ds dhuksadks Hkh u t+kfgj djsxk ¼29½rks ge pkgrs rks ge rqEgsa bu yksxksa dks fn[kk nsrs rks rqe mudh is'kkuh gh ls mudks igpku ysrsvxj rqe mUgsa muds vUnkt+s xq+rxw gh ls t+:j igpku yksxs vkSj vYykg rks rqEgkjs vkeky lsokfd+Q gS ¼30½vkSj ge rqe yksxksa dks t+:j vkt+ek,¡xs rkfd rqeesa tks yksx tsgkn djus okys vkSj ¼rdyhQ+½>syus okys gSa mudks ns[k ysa vkSj rqEgkjs gkykr tk¡p ysa ¼31½cs'kd ftu yksxksa ij ¼nhu dh½ lh/kh jkg lkQ+ t+kfgj gks x;h mlds ckn bUdkj dj cSBs vkSj¼yksxksa dks½ vYykg dh jkg ls jksdk vkSj iSx+Ecj dh eq[+kkysQ+r dh rks vYykg dk dqN Hkh ughafcxkM+ ldsaxs vkSj og mudk lc fd;k djk;k vd+kjr dj nsxk ¼32½,s bZekunkjksa vYykg dk gqDe ekuksa vkSj jlwy dh Qjek¡cjnkjh djks vkSj vius vkeky dks t+k;ku djks ¼33½cs'kd tks yksx dkfQ+j gks x, vkSj yksxksa dks vYykg dh jkg ls jksdk] fQj dkfQj gh ej x,rks vYykg mudks gjfxt+ ugha c[+'ksxk rks rqe fgEer u gkjks ¼34½vkSj ¼nq'keuksa dks½s lqyg dh nkor u nks rqe x+kfyc gks gh vkSj vYykg rks rqEgkjs lkFk gS vkSjgjfxt+ rqEgkjs vkeky ¼ds lokc dks de u djsxk½ ¼35½nqfu;koh ft+Unxh rks cl [ksy rek'kk gS vkSj vxj rqe ¼vYykg ij½ bZeku j[kksxs vkSj ijgst+xkjhdjksxs rks og rqedks rqEgkjs vtz buk;r Qjek,xk vkSj rqels rqEgkjs eky ugha ryc djsxk ¼36½

vkSj vxj og rqels eky ryc djs vkSj rqels fpeV dj ek¡xs Hkh rks rqe ¼t+:j½ cq[+y djusyxks ¼37½vkSj vYykg rks rqEgkjs dhus dks t+:j t+kfgj djds jgsxk ns[kks rqe yksx ogh rks gks fd vYykgdh jkg esa [+kpZ ds fy, cqyk, tkrs gks rks ckt+ rqe esa ,sls Hkh gSa tks cq[+y djrs gSa vkSj ¼;knjgs fd½ tks cq[+y djrk gS rks [+kqn vius gh ls cq[+y djrk gS vkSj vYykg rks csfu;kt+ gS vkSjrqe ¼mlds½ eksgrkt gks vkSj vxj rqe ¼[+qknk ds gqDe ls½ eq¡g Qsjksxs rks vYykg ¼rqEgkjs flok½nwljksa cny nsxk vkSj og rqEgkjs ,sls ¼c[+khy½ u gksaxs ¼38½

48 lwjg Q+rsglwjg Q+rsg enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh murhl ¼29½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼,s jlwy½ ;s gqcSfn;k dh lqyg ugha cfYd geus gd+hd+ru rqedks [kqYye [kqYyk Qrsg vrk dh¼1½rkfd vYykg rqEgkjh mEer ds vxys vkSj fiNys xqukg ekQ+ dj ns vkSj rqe ij viuh usveriwjh djs vkSj rqEgsa lh/kh jkg ij lkfcr d+ne j[ks ¼2½vkSj vYykg rqEgkjh t+cjnLr enn djs ¼3½og ¼ogh½ vYykg rks gS ftlus eksfeuhu ds fnyksa esa rlYyh ukft+y QjekbZ rkfd vius ¼igys½bZeku ds lkFk vkSj bZeku dks c

kfd ¼eqlyekuksa½ rqe yksx vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ij bZeku ykvks vkSj mldh enn djks vkSjmldks cqt++qxZ le>ks vkSj lqcg vkSj Óke mlh dh rLchg djks ¼9½cs'kd tks yksx rqels cS;r djrs gSa og vYykg gh ls cS;r djrs gSa vYykg dh d+wor ¼dqnjrrks cl lcdh dwor ij½ x+kfyc gS rks tks vgn dks rksM+sxk rks vius vius uqd+lku ds fy,vgn rksM+rk gS vkSj ftlus ml ckr dks ftldk mlus vYykg ls vgn fd;k gS iwjk fd;k rksmldks vud+jhc gh vtzs vt+he vrk Q+jek,xk ¼10½tks xaokj nsgkrh ¼gqnSfc;k ls½ ihNs jg x, vc og rqels dgsaxs fd gedks gekjs eky vkSj yM+dsokyksa us jksd j[kk rks vki gekjs okLrs ¼vYykg ls½ ex+fQjr dh nqvk ek¡xsa ;s yksx viuh t+ckuls ,slh ckrsa dgrs gSa tks muds fny esa ugha ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd vxj vYykg rqe yksxksadks uqd+lku igq¡pkuk pkgs ;k rqEgsa Qk;nk igq¡pkus dk bjknk djs rks vYykg ds eqd+kcys esa rqEgkjsfy, fdldk cl py ldrk gS cfYd tks dqN rqe djrs gks vYykg mlls [+kwc okfd+Q gS ¼11½¼;s Q+d+r rqEgkjs ghys gSa½ ckr ;s gS fd rqe ;s le>s cSBs Fks fd jlwy vkSj eksfeuhu gjfxt+dHkh vius yM+ds okyksa esa iyV dj vkus gh ds ugha ¼vkSj lc ekj Mkys tk,¡xs½ vkSj ;gh ckrrqEgkjs fnyksa esa Hkh [ki x;h Fkh vkSj blh otg ls] rqe rjg rjg dh cnxqekfu;k¡ djus yxs FksvkSj ¼vkf[+kjdkj½ rqe yksx vki cjckn gq, ¼12½vkSj tks Ó[+l vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ij bZeku u yk, rks geus ¼,sls½ dkfQ+jksa ds fy, tgUuqedh vkx rS;kj dj j[kh gS ¼13½vkSj lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dh ckn'kkgr vYykg gh dh gS ftls pkgs c[+'k ns vkSj ftls pkgslt+k ns vkSj vYykg rks cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼14½¼eqlyekuksa½ vc tks rqe ¼[+kScj dh½ x+uherksa ds ysus dks tkus yxksxs rks tks yksx ¼gqnSfc;k ls½ihNs jg x;s Fks rqe ls dgsaxs fd gesa Hkh vius lkFk pyus nks ;s pkgrs gSa fd vYykg ds d+kSydks cny nsa rqe ¼lkQ½ dg nks fd rqe gjfxt+ gekjs lkFk ugha pyus ikvksxs vYykg us igysgh ls ,slk Q+jek fn;k gS rks ;s yksx dgsaxs fd rqe yksx rks gels gln j[krs gks ¼vYykg ,slkD;k dgsxk½ ckr ;s gS fd ;s yksx cgqr gh de le>rs gSa ¼15½fd tks xokWj ihNs jg x, Fks muls dg nks fd vud+jhc gh rqe l[+r taxtw d+kSe ds ¼lkFkyM+us ds fy,½ cqyk, tkvksxs fd rqe ¼;k rks½ muls yM+rs gh jgksxs ;k eqlyeku gh gks tk,¡xsil vxj rqe ¼vYykg dk½ gqDe ekuksxs rks vYykg rqedks vPNk cnyk nsxk vkSj vxj rqeus

ftl rjg igyh nQk ljrkch dh Fkh vc Hkh ljrkch djksxs rks og rqedks nnZukd vt+kc dhlt+k nsxk ¼16½¼tsgkn ls ihNs jg tkus dk½ u rks vU/ks gh ij dqN xqukg gS vkSj u y¡xM+s ij xqukg gS vkSj uchekj ij xqukg gS vkSj tks Ó[+l vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy dk gqDe ekusxk rks og mldks¼csfg'r ds½ mu lnkcgkj ckx+ksa esa nkf[+ky djsxk ftuds uhps ugjsa tkjh gksaxh vkSj tks ljrkchdjsxk og mldks nnZukd vt+kc dh lt+k nsxk ¼17½ftl oD+r eksfeuhu rqels nj[+r ds uhps ¼yM+us ejus½ dh cS;r dj jgs Fks rks vYykg muls bl¼ckr ij½ t+:j [+kq'k gqvk x+jt+ tks dqN muds fnyksa esa Fkk vYykg us mls ns[k fy;k fQj muij rLlyh ukft+y QjekbZ vkSj mUgsa mlds ,ot+ esa cgqr tYn Q+rsg buk;r dh ¼18½vkSj ¼blds vykok½ cgqr lh x+uhersa ¼Hkh½ tks mUgksus gkfly dh ¼vrk QjekbZ½ vkSj vYykg rksx+kfyc ¼vkSj½ fgder okyk gS ¼19½vYykg us rqels cgqr lh x+uherksa dk ok;nk Qjek;k Fkk fd rqe mu ij dkfct+ gks x, rks mlusrqEgsa ;s ¼[k+Scj dh x+uher½ tYnh ls fnyok nha vkSj ¼gqcSfn;k ls½ yksxksa dh njkt+h dks rqels jksdfn;k vkSj x+jt+ ;s Fkh fd eksfeuhu ds fy, ¼d+qnjr½ dk uewuk gks vkSj vYykg rqedks lh/kh jkgij ys pys ¼20½vkSj nwljh ¼x+uhersa Hkh nh½ ftu ij rqe d+qnjr ugha j[krs Fks ¼vkSj½ vYykg gh mu ij gkoh FkkvkSj vYykg rks gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS ¼21½¼vkSj½ vxj dq+Q+kj rqels yM+rs rks t+:j ihB Qsj dj Hkkx tkrs fQj og u ¼viuk½ fdlh dksljijLr gh ikrs u ennxkj ¼22½;gh vYykg dh vknr gS tks igys gh ls pyh vkrh gS vkSj rqe vYykg dh vknr dks cnyrsu ns[kksxs ¼23½vkSj og ogh rks gS ftlus rqedks mu dq+Q+kj ij Q+rsg nsus ds ckn eDds dh ljgn ij mudsgkFk rqels vkSj rqEgkjs gkFk muls jksd fn, vkSj rqe yksx tks dqN Hkh djrs Fks vYykg mls ns[kjgk Fkk ¼24½;s ogh yksx rks gSa ftUgksus dqÝ+ fd;k vkSj rqedks efLtnqy gjke ¼esa tkus½ ls jksdk vkSj d+qjckuhds tkuojksa dks Hkh ¼u vkus fn;k½ fd og viuh ¼eqd+jZj½ txg ¼esa½ igq¡pus ls :ds jgs vkSj

vxj dqN ,sls bZekunkj enZ vkSj bZekunkj vkSjrsa u gksrh ftuls rqe okfd+Q u Fks fd rqe mudks¼yM+kbZ esa dq+Q+kj ds lkFk½ ikeky dj Mkyrs il rqedks mudh rjQ ls cs[+kcjh esa uqdlku ig¡ptkrk ¼rks mlh oD+r rqedks Qrsg gq;h exj rk[+khj½ blfy, ¼gq;h½ fd vYykg ftls pkgs viuhjger esa nkf[k+y djs vkSj vxj og ¼bZekunkj dq+Q+kj ls½ vyx gks tkrs rks muesa ls tks yksxdkfQ+j Fks ge mUgsa nnZukd vt+kc dh t+:j lt+k nsrs ¼25½¼;s og oD+r½ Fkk tc dkfQ+jksa us vius fnyksa esa ft+n Bku yh Fkh vkSj ft+n Hkh rks tkfgfy;rdh lh rks vYykg us vius jlwy vkSj eksfeuhu ¼ds fnyksa½ ij viuh rjQ+ ls rldhu ukft+yQ+jekbZ vkSj mudks ijgst+xkjh dh ckr ij d+k;e j[kk vkSj ;s yksx mlh ds lt+kokj vkSj ,gyHkh Fks vkSj vYykg rks gj pht+ ls [+kcjnkj gS ¼26½cs'kd vYykg us vius jlwy dks lPpk eqrkfcds+ okd+s;k [+okc fn[kk;k Fkk fd rqe yksxbU'kkvYykg efLtnqy gjke esa vius lj eq¡Mok dj vkSj vius FkksM+s ls cky drjok dj cgqrveu o bResuku ls nkf[+ky gksaxs ¼vkSj½ fdlh rjg dk [k+kSQ u djksxs rks tks ckr rqe ugha tkursFks mldks ekywe Fkh rks mlus Q+rsg eDdk ls igys gh cgqr tYn Qrsg vrk dh ¼27½og ogh rks gS ftlus vius jlwy dks fgnk;r vkSj lPpk nhu nsdj Hkstk rkfd mldks reke nhuksaij x+kfyc j[ks vkSj xokgh ds fy, rks cl vYykg gh dkQ+h gS ¼28½eksgEen vYykg ds jlwy gSa vkSj tks yksx muds lkFk gSa dkfQ+jksa ij cM+s l[+r vkSj vkil esacM+s jge fny gSa rw mudks ns[ksxk ¼fd vYykg ds lkeus½ >qds lj cltwn gSa vYykg ds Qt+yvkSj mldh [+kq'kuwnh ds [+okLrxkj gSa dljrs lqtwn ds vlj ls mudh is'kkfu;ksa esa ?kV~Vs iM+s gq,gSa ;gh vkSlkQ+ muds rkSjsr esa Hkh gSa vkSj ;gh gkykr bathy esa ¼Hkh et+dwj½ gSa xks;k ,d [ksrhgS ftlus ¼igys t+ehu ls½ viuh lwbZ fudkyh fQj ¼vtt+k t+ehu dks xs+t+k cukdj½ mlh lwbZ dkset+cwr fd;k rks og eksVh gq;h fQj viuh tM+ ij lh/kh [kM+h gks x;h vkSj viuh rkt+xh lsfdlkuksa dks [+kq'k djus yxh vkSj bruh tYnh rjD+d+h blfy, nh rkfd muds t+fj, dkfQ+jksa dkth tyk,¡ tks yksx bZeku yk, vkSj vPNs ¼vPNs½ dke djrs jgs vYykg us muls cf[+'k'k vkSjvtzs vt+he dk ok;nk fd;k gS ¼29½

49 lwjg vy gqtksjkrlwjg vy gqtksjkr enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ¼18½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s bZekunkjksa vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ds lkeus fdlh ckr esa vkxs u c

vkSj vxj eksfeuhu esa ls nks fQjd+s vkil esa yM+ iM+s rks mu nksuksa esa lqyg djk nks fQj vxjmuesa ls ,d ¼Q+jhd+½ nwljs ij T+;knrh djs rks tks ¼fQjd+k½ T+;knrh djs rqe ¼Hkh½ mlls yM+ks;gk¡ rd og vYykg ds gqDe dh rjQ :>w djs fQj tc :tw djs rks QjhdS+u esa elkokr dslkFk lqyg djk nks vkSj bUlkQ+ ls dke yks cs'kd vYykg bUlkQ+ djus okyksa dks nksLr j[krk gS¼9½eksfeuhu rks vkil esa cl HkkbZ HkkbZ gSa rks vius nks HkkbZ;ksa esa esy tksy djk fn;k djks vkSjvYykg ls Mjrs jgks rkfd rqe ij jge fd;k tk, ¼10½,s bZekunkjksa ¼rqe fdlh d+kSe dk½ dksbZ enZ ¼ nwljh d+kSe ds enksZa dh g¡lh u mM+k;s eqefdu gSfd og yksx ¼vYykg ds ut+nhd½ muls vPNs gksa vkSj u vkSjrs vkSjrksa ls ¼rel[+kqj djsa½ D;kvtc gS fd og muls vPNh gksa vkSj rqe vkil esa ,d nwljs dks feyus u nks u ,d nwljs dkcqjk uke /kjks bZeku ykus ds ckn cndkjh ¼dk½ uke gh cqjk gS vkSj tks yksx ckt+ u vk,¡ rks,sls gh yksx t+kfye gSa ¼11½,s bZekunkjksa cgqr ls xqeku ¼cn½ ls cps jgks D;ksa fd ckt+ cnxqekuh xqukg gSa vkSj vkil esa ,dnwljs ds gky dh Vksg esa u jgk djks vkSj u rqeesa ls ,d nwljs dh x+hcr djs D;k rqeesa lsdksbZ bl ckr dks ilUn djsxk fd vius ejs gq, HkkbZ dk xks'r [kk, rks rqe mlls ¼t+:j½uQjr djksxs vkSj vYykg ls Mjks] cs'kd vYykg cM+k rkSck d+qcwy djus okyk esgjcku gS ¼12½yksxksa geus rks rqe lcdks ,d enZ vkSj ,d vkSjr ls iSnk fd;k vkSj ge gh us rqEgkjs dchysvkSj fcjknfj;k¡ cuk;ha rkfd ,d nwljs dh f'kuk[+r djs blesa Ód ugha fd vYykg ds ut+nhd rqelcesa cM+k bT+t+rnkj ogh gS tks cM+k ijgst+xkj gks cs'kd vYykg cM+k okfd+Q+dkj [+kcjnkj gS¼13½vjc ds nsgkrh dgrs gSa fd ge bZeku yk, ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd rqe bZeku ugha yk, cfYd¼;w¡½ dg nks fd bLyke yk, gkykWfd bZeku dk vHkh rd rqEgkjs fny esa xqt+j gqvk gh ugha vkSjvxj rqe vYykg dh vkSj mlds jlwy dh Qjekcjnkjh djksxs rks vYykg rqEgkjs vkeky esa lsdqN de ugha djsxk & cs'kd vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼14½¼lPps eksfeu½ rks cl ogh gSa tks vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ij bZeku yk, fQj mUgksaus mlesa fdlhrjg dk Ód Óqcg u fd;k vkSj vius eky ls vkSj viuh tkuksa ls vYykg dh jkg esa tsgknfd;k ;gh yksx ¼nkok, bZeku esa½ lPps gSa ¼15½

¼,s jlwy buls½ iwNks rks fd D;k rqe vYykg dks viuh nhnkjh trkrs gks vkSj vYykg rks tksdqN vklekuksa es gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS ¼x+jt+ lc dqN½ tkurk gS vkSj vYykg gj pht+ls [+kcjnkj gS ¼16½¼,s jlwy½ rqe ij ;s yksx ¼blyke ykus dk½ ,glku trkrs gSa rqe ¼lkQ+½ dg nks fd rqe viusblyke dk eq> ij ,glku u trkvks ¼cfYd½ vxj rqe ¼nkok, bZeku esa½ lPps gks rks le>ksfd] vYykg us rqe ij ,glku fd;k fd mlus rqedks bZeku dk jkLrk fn[kk;k ¼17½cs'kd vYykg rks lkjs vklekuksa vkSj t+ehu dh fNih gq;h ckrksa dks tkurk gS vkSj tks rqe djrsgks vYykg mls ns[k jgk gS ¼18½

50 lwjg d+kQ+lwjg d+kQ+ eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ¼45½ iSarkyhl vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSd+kQ+ d+qjku ethn dh d+le ¼eksgEen iSx+Ecj gSa½ ¼1½ysfdu bu ¼dkfQjksa½ dks rkTtqc gS fd mu gh esa ,d ¼vt+kc ls½ Mjkus okyk ¼iSx+Ecj½ mudsikl vk x;k rks dq+Q+kj dgus yxs ;s rks ,d vthc ckr gS ¼2½Hkyk tc ge ej tk,¡xs vkSj ¼lM+ xy dj½ feVVh gks tk,¡xs rks fQj ;s nksckj ft+Unk gksuk¼vD+y ls½ cbZn ¼ckr gS½ ¼3½muds ftLeksa ls t+ehu ftl pht+ dks ¼[kk [kk dj½ de djrh gS og gedks ekywe gS vkSj gekjsikl rks rgjhjh ;knnk'r fdrkc ykSgs egQwt+ ekStwn gS ¼4½exj tc muds ikl nhu ¼gd+½ vk igq¡pk rks mUgksus mls >qByk;k rks og yksx ,d ,slh ckr esamy>s gq, gSa ftls d+jkj ugha ¼5½rks D;k bu yksxksa us vius Åij vkleku dh ut+j ugha dh fd geus mldks D;ksa dj cuk;k vkSjmldks dSlh t+hur nh vkSj muls dgha f'kxk+r rd ugha ¼6½vkSj t+ehu dks geus QSyk;k vkSj ml ij cks>y igkM+ j[k fn;s vkSj blesa gj rjg dh [+kq'kuqekpht+sa mxkbZ rkfd reke :tw ykus okys ¼7½¼cUns½ fgnk;r vkSj bcjr gkfly djsa ¼8½vkSj geus vkleku ls cjdr okyk ikuh cjlk;k rks mlls ckx+ ¼ds nj[+r½ mxk, vkSj [ksrh dkvukt vkSj yEch yEch [ktwjsa ¼9½ftldk ckSj ckge xqFkk gqvk gS ¼10½

¼;s lc dqN½ cUnksa dh jkst+h nsus ds fy, ¼iSnk fd;k½ vkSj ikuh gh ls geus eqnkZ Ógj ¼mQ+rknkt+ehu½ dks ft+Unk fd;k ¼11½blh rjg ¼d+;ker esa eqnksZa dks½ fudyuk gksxk muls igys uwg dh d+kSe vkSj [+kUnd+ okyksa vkSj¼d+kSe½ lewn us vius vius iSx+Ecjksa dks >qByk;k ¼12½vkSj ¼d+kSe½ vkn vkSj fQjvkÅu vkSj ywr dh d+kSe ¼13½vkSj cu ds jgus okyksa ¼d+kSe Óq,sc½ vkSj rqCck dh d+kSe vkSj ¼mu½ lcus vius ¼vius½ iSx+Ecjksadks >qByk;k rks gekjk ¼vt+kc dk½ ok;nk iwjk gks dj jgk ¼14½rks D;k ge igyh ckj iSnk djds Fkd x;s gSa ¼gjfxt+ ugha½ exj ;s yksx vt+ ljs ukS ¼nksckjk½iSnk djus dh fuLcr Ód esa iM+s gSa ¼15½vkSj cs'kd ge gh us bUlku dks iSnk fd;k vkSj tks [+;kykr mlds fny esa xqt+jrs gSa ge mudkstkurs gSa vkSj ge rks mldh Ógjx ls Hkh T+;knk d+jhc gSa ¼16½tc ¼og dksbZ dke djrk gSa rks½ nks fy[kus okys ¼dsjkeu d+krschu½ tks mlds nkfgus ck,a cSBs gSafy[k ysrs gSa ¼17½dksbZ ckr mldh t+cku ij ugha vkrh exj ,d fuxsgcku mlds ikl rS;kj jgrk gS ¼18½ekSr dh csgks'kh ;d+huu rkjh gksxh ¼tks ge crk nsaxs fd½ ;gh rks og ¼gkykr gS½ ftlls rwHkkxk djrk Fkk ¼19½vkSj lwj Qw¡dk tk,xk ;gh ¼vt+kc½ ds ok;ns dk fnu gS vkSj gj Ó[+l ¼gekjs lkeus½ ¼bl rjg½gkft+j gksxk ¼20½fd mlds lkFk ,d ¼Qfj'rk½ gWdk ykus okyk gksxk ¼21½vkSj ,d ¼vkeky dk½ xokg mlls dgk tk,xk fd ml ¼fnu½ ls rw x+Q+yr esa iM+k Fkk rks vcgeus rsjs lkeus ls insZ dks gVk fn;k rks vkt rsjh fuxkg cM+h rst+ gS ¼22½vkSj mldk lkFkh ¼Q+fj'rk½ dgsxk ;s ¼mldk vey½ tks esjs ikl gS ¼23½

¼rc gqDe gksxk fd½ rqe nksuksa gj ljd'k uk'kqØs dks nkst+[k+ esa Mky nks ¼24½tks ¼okftc gqdwd ls½ eky esa cq[+y djus okyk gn ls cxM+s u djks eSa rks rqe yksxksa dks igys gh ¼vt+kc ls½Mjk pqdk Fkk ¼28½esjs ;gk¡ ckr cnyk ugha djrh vkSj u eSa cUnksa ij ¼t+jkZ cjkcj½ t+qYe djus okyk gw¡ ¼29½ml fnu ge nkst+[k+ ls iwNsaxs fd rw Hkj pqdh vkSj og dgsxh D;k dqN vkSj Hkh gSa ¼30½vkSj csfg'r ijgst+xkjksa ds fcydqy djhc dj nh tk,xh ¼31½;gh rks og csfg'r gS ftldk rqeesa ls gj ,d ¼vYykg dh rjQ+½ :tw djus okys ¼gqnwn dh½fgQkt+r djus okys ls ok;nk fd;k tkrk gS ¼32½rks tks Ó[+l vYykg ls cs ns[ks Mjrk jgk vkSj vYykg dh rjQ+ :tw djus okyk fny ysdjvk;k ¼33½¼mldks gqDe gksxk fd½ blesa lgh lyker nkf[+ky gks tkvks ;gha rks ges'kk jgus dk fnu gS ¼34½blesa ;s yksx tks pkgsaxs muds fy, gkft+j gS vkSj gekjs ;gkW rks blls Hkh T+;knk gS ¼35½vkSj geus rks buls igys fdruh mEersa gykd dj Mkyh tks buls d+wor esa dgha c

lesa Ód ugha fd tks Ó[+l ¼vkxkg½ fny j[krk gS ;k dku yxkdj gqt+wjs d+Yc ls lqurk gSmlds fy, blesa ¼dkQ+h½ ulhgr gS ¼37½vkSj geus gh ;d+huu lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu vkSj tks dqN mu nksuksa ds chp esa gS Ng% fnu esaiSnk fd, vkSj Fkdku rks gedks Nqdj Hkh ugha x;h ¼38½rks ¼,s jlwy½ tks dqN ;s ¼dkfQ+j½ yksx fd;k djrs gSa ml ij rqe lcz djks vkSj vkQ+rkc dsfudyus ls igys vius ijojfnxkj ds gEn dh rLchg fd;k djks ¼39½vkSj FkksM+h nsj jkr dks Hkh vkSj uekt+ ds ckn Hkh mldh rLchg djks ¼40½vkSj dku yxk dj lqu j[kks fd ftl fnu iqdkjus okyk ¼bljkQ+hy½ ut+nhd gh txg ls vkokt+nsxk ¼41½¼fd mBks½ ftl fnu yksx ,d l[+r ph[+k dks ck[+kwch lqu ysxsa ogh fnu ¼yksxksas½ ds dczksa lsfudyus dk gksxk ¼42½cs'kd ge gh ¼yksxksa dks½ ft+Unk djrs gSa vkSj ge gh ekjrs gSa ¼43½vkSj gekjh gh rjQ fQj dj vkuk gS ftl fnu t+ehu ¼muds Åij ls½ QV tk,xh vkSj ;s >ViV fudy [kM+s gksaxs ;s mBkuk vkSj tek djuk ¼44½vkSj ge ij cgqr vklku gS ¼,s jlwy½ ;s yksx tks dqN dgrs gSa ge ¼mls½ [+kwc tkurs gSa vkSjrqe mu ij tcz rks nsrs ugha gks rks tks gekjs ¼vt+kc ds½ ok;ns ls Mjs mldks rqe d+qjku dst+fj, ulhgr djrs jgks ¼45½

51 lwjg t+kjs;krlwjg t+kjs;kr eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh lkB ¼60½ vk;rs gSvYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSmu ¼gokvksa dh d+le½ tks ¼cknyksa dks½ mM+k dj frrj fcrj dj nsrh gSa ¼1½fQj ¼ikuh dk½ cks> mBkrh gSa ¼2½fQj vkfgLrk vkfgLrk pyrh gSa ¼3½fQj ,d t+:jh pht+ ¼ckfj'k½ dks rd+lhe djrh gSa ¼4½fd rqe ls tks ok;nk fd;k tkrk gS t+:j fcYdqy lPpk gS ¼5½vkSj ¼vkeky dh½ tt+k ¼lt+k½ t+:j gksxh ¼6½vkSj vkleku dh d+le ftlesa jgrs gSa ¼7½fd ¼,s ,gys eDdk½ rqe yksx ,d ,slh eq[+rfyQ+ cstksM+ ckr esa iM+s gks ¼8½fd mlls ogh Qsjk tk,xk ¼xqejkg gksxk½ ¼9½tks ¼vYykg ds bYe esa½ Qsjk tk pqdk gS vVdy nkSM+kus okys gykd gksa ¼10½tks x+Qyr esa Hkwys gq, ¼iM+s½ gSa iwNrs gSa fd tt+k dk fnu dc gksxk ¼11½ml fnu ¼gksxk½ ¼12½tc budks ¼tgUuqe dh½ vkx esa vt+kc fn;k tk,xk ¼13½¼vkSj muls dgk tk,xk½ vius vt+kc dk et+k p[kks ;s ogh gS ftldh rqe tYnh epk;k djrs Fks¼14½

cs'kd ijgst+xkj yksx ¼csfg'r ds½ ckx+ksa vkSj p'eksa esa ¼,s'k djrs½ gksxsa ¼15½tks mudk ijojfnxkj mUgsa vrk djrk gS ;s ¼[+kq'k [+kq'k½ ys jgs gSa ;s yksx blls igys ¼nqfu;k esa½usdks dkj Fks ¼16½¼bcknr dh otg ls½ jkr dks cgqr gh de lksrs Fks ¼17½vkSj fiNys igj dks viuh ex+fQ+jr dh nqvk,a djrs Fks ¼18½vkSj muds eky esa ek¡xus okys vkSj u ek¡xus okys ¼nksuksa½ dk fgLlk Fkk ¼19½vkSj ;d+hu djus okyksa ds fy, t+ehu esa ¼d+qnjrs vYykg dh½ cgqr lh fu'kkfu;k¡ gSa ¼20½vkSj vYykg rqe esa Hkh gSa rks D;k rqe ns[krs ugha ¼21½vkSj rqEgkjh jkst+h vkSj ftl pht+ dk rqels ok;nk fd;k tkrk gS vkleku esa gS ¼22½rks vkleku o t+ehu ds ekfyd dh d+le ;s ¼d+qjku½ fcYdqy Bhd gS ftl rjg rqe ckrsa djrsgks ¼23½D;k rqEgkjs ikl bcjkghe ds eqvft+t+ esgekuks ¼Q+fj'rksa½ dh Hkh [+kcj igq¡ph gS fd tc og yksxmuds ikl vk, ¼24½rks dgus yxs ¼lykequ vySdqe½ rks bcjkghe us Hkh ¼vySdqe½ lyke fd;k ¼ns[kk rks½ ,sls yksxftuls u tku u igpku ¼25½fQj vius ?kj tkdj tYnh ls ¼Hkquk gqvk½ ,d eksVk rkt+k cNM+k ys vk, ¼26½vkSj mls muds vkxs j[k fn;k ¼fQj½ dgus yxs vki yksx rukmy D;ksa ugha djrs ¼27½¼bl ij Hkh u [kk;k½ rks bcjkghe muls tks gh th esa Mjs og yksx cksys vki vUns'kk u djsavkSj mudks ,d nkfu'keUn yM+ds dh [+kq'k[+kcjh nh ¼28½

ks ¼;s lqurs gh½ bcjkghe dh choh ¼lkjk½ fpYykrh gq;h muds lkeus vk;ha vkSj viuk eq¡g ihVfy;k dgus yxha ¼,s gS½ ,d rks ¼eSa½ cqf ¼29½yM+dk D;ksa dj gksxk Q+fj'rs cksys rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us ;w¡ gh Qjek;k gS og cs'kd fgderokyk okfd+Q+dkj gS ¼30½rc bcjkghe us iwNk fd ¼,s vYykg ds½ Hksts gq, Qfj'rksa vkf[+kj rqEgsa D;k eqfge nj is'k gS¼31½og cksys ge rks xqukgxkjksa ¼d+kSes ywr½ dh rjQ Hksts x, gSa ¼32½rkfd mu ij feVVh ds iFkjhys [kjUts cjlk,¡ ¼33½ftu ij gn ls c

vkSj lewn ¼ds gky½ esa Hkh ¼d+qnjr dh fu'kkuh½ gS tc mlls dgk x;k fd ,d [+kkl oD+r rd[+kwc pSu dj yks ¼43½rks mUgksus vius ijojfnxkj ds gqDe ls ljd'kh dh rks mUgsa ,d jkst+ dM+d vkSj fctyh us ysMkyk vkSj ns[krs gh jg x, ¼44½fQj u og mBus dh rkd+r j[krs Fks vkSj u cnyk gh ys ldrs Fks ¼45½vkSj ¼muls½ igys ¼ge½ uwg dh d+kSe dks ¼gykd dj pqds Fks½ cs'kd og cndkj yksx Fks ¼46½vkSj geus vklekuksa dks vius cy cwrs ls cuk;k vkSj cs'kd geesa lc d+qnjr gS ¼47½vkSj t+ehu dks Hkh ge gh us fcNk;k rks ge dSls vPNs fcNkus okys gSa ¼48½vkSj ge gh us gj pht+ dh nks nks fd+Lesa cuk;ha rkfd rqe yksx ulhgr gkfly djks ¼49½rks vYykg gh dh rjQ+ Hkkxks eSa rqedks ;d+huu mldh rjQ ls [kqYye [kqYyk Mjkus okyk gw¡¼50½vkSj vYykg ds lkFk nwljk ekcwn u cukvks eSa rqedks ;d+huu mldh rjQ ls [kqYye [kqYyk Mjkusokyk gw¡ ¼51½blh rjg muls igys yksxksa ds ikl tks iSx+Ecj vkrk rks og mldks tknwxj dgrs ;k flM+h nhokuk¼crkrs½ ¼52½;s yksx ,d nwljs dks ,slh ckr dh olh;r djrs vkrs gSa ¼ugha½ cfYd ;s yksx gSa gh ljd'k¼53½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe buls eq¡g Qsj yks rqe ij rks dqN bYt+ke ugha gS ¼54½vkSj ulhgr fd, tkvks D;ksafd ulhgr eksfeuhu dks Qk;nk nsrh gS ¼55½vkSj eSus ftuksa vkSj vknfe;ksa dks blh x+jt+ ls iSnk fd;k fd og esjh bcknr djsa ¼56½

u rks eSa muls jkst+h dk rkfyc gw¡ vkSj u ;s pkgrk gw¡ fd eq>s [kkuk f[kyk,¡ ¼57½vYykg [+kqn cM+k jkst+h nsus okyk t+ksjkoj ¼vkSj½ t+cjnLr gS ¼58½rks ¼bu½ t+kfyeksa ds okLrs Hkh vt+kc dk dqN fgLlk gS ftl rjg muds lkfFk;ksa ds fy, fgLlkFkk rks budks ge ls tYnh u djuh pkfg, ¼59½rks ftl fnu dk bu dkfQ+jksa ls ok;nk fd;k tkrk gS blls buds fy, [+kjkch gS ¼60½

52 lwjg rwjlwjg rwj eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh mUpkl ¼49½ vk;rs gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼dksgs½ rwj dh d+le ¼1½vkSj mldh fdrkc ¼ykSgs egQwt+½ dh ¼2½tks d+q'kknk vkSjkd+ es a fy[kh gq;h gS ¼3½vkSj cSrqy ekewj dh ¼tks dkck ds lkeus Qfj'rksa dk fd+Cyk gS½ ¼4½vkSj Å¡ph Nr ¼vkleku½ dh ¼5½vkSj tks'k o [+kjks'k okys leqUnz dh ¼6½fd rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dk vt+kc cs'kd okds+, gksdj jgsxk ¼7½¼vkSj½ bldk dksbZ jksdus okyk ugha ¼8½ftl fnu vkleku pDdj [kkus yxsxk ¼9½vkSj igkM+ mM+us yxssaxs ¼10½rks ml fnu >qBykus okyksa dh [+kjkch gS ¼11½tks yksx ckfry esa iM+s [ksy jgs gSa ¼12½ftl fnu tgUuqe dh vkx dh rjQ mudks

ks D;k ;s tknw gS ;k rqedks ut+j gh ugha vkrk ¼15½blh esa ?kqlks fQj lcz djks ;k cslczh djks ¼nksuksa½ rqEgkjs fy, ;dlk¡ gSa rqEgsa rks cl mUgha dkeksadk cnyk feysxk tks rqe fd;k djrs Fks ¼16½cs'kd ijgst+xkj yksx ckx+ksa vkSj usverksa esa gksaxs ¼17½tks ¼tks usversa½ muds ijojfnxkj us mUgsa nh gSa muds et+s ys jgs gSa vkSj mudk ijojfnxkj mUgsankst+[+k ds vt+kc ls cpk,xk ¼18½tks tks dkjxqt+kfj;k¡ rqe dj pqds gks muds flys esa ¼vkjke ls½ r[+rksa ij tks cjkcj fcNs gq, gSa¼19½rfd, yxkdj [+kwc et+s ls [kkvks fi;ks vkSj ge cM+h cM+h vk¡[kksa okyh gwj ls mudk C;kgjpk,¡xs ¼20½vkSj ftu yksxksa us bZeku d++qcwy fd;k vkSj mudh vkSykn us Hkh bZeku esa mudk lkFk fn;k rks gemudh vkSykn dks Hkh muds ntsZ igq¡pk nsaxs vkSj ge mudh dkjxqt+kfj;ksa esa ls dqN Hkh de udjsaxs gj Ó[+l vius vkeky ds cnys esa fxjoh gS ¼21½vkSj ftl fd+Le ds esos vkSj xks'r dks mudk th pkgsxk ge mUgsa c

lls d+Cy ge muls nqvk,¡ fd;k djrs Fks cs'kd og ,glku djus okyk esgjcku gS ¼28½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe ulhgr fd, tkvks rks rqe vius ijojfnxkj ds Qt+y ls u dkfgu gks vkSj uetuwu fd;k ¼29½D;k ¼rqedks½ ;s yksx dgrs gSa fd ¼;s½ Ók;j gSa ¼vkSj½ ge rks mlds ckjs esa t+ekus ds gokfnldk bUrst+kj dj jgs gSa ¼30½rqe dg nks fd ¼vPNk½ rqe Hkh bUrst+kj djks eSa Hkh bUrst+kj djrk gw¡ ¼31½D;k mudh vD+ysa mUgsa ;s ¼ckrsa½ crkrh gSa ;k ;s yksx gSa gh ljd'k ¼32½D;k ;s yksx dgrs gSa fd blus d+qjku [+kqn x

;k ;s yksx dqN nk¡o pykuk pkgrs gSa rks tks yksx dkfQ+j gSa og [+kqn vius nkao esa Q¡ls gSa¼42½;k vYykg ds flok budk dksbZ ¼nwljk½ ekcwn gS ftu pht+ksa dks ;s yksx ¼vYykg dk½ Ójhdcukrs gSa og mlls ikd vkSj ikd+ht+k gS ¼43½vkSj vxj ;s yksx vkleku ls dksbZ vt+kc ¼vt+kc dk½ VqdM+k fxjrs gq, ns[ksa rks cksy mBsaxs ;srks nynkj ckny gS ¼44½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe budks budh gkyr ij NksM+ nks ;gk¡ rd fd og ftlesa ;s csgks'k gks tk,¡xs¼45½buds lkeus vk tk, ftl fnu u budh eDdkjh gh dqN dke vk,xh vkSj u budh enn gh dhtk,xh ¼46½vkSj blesa Ód ugha fd t+kfyeksa ds fy, blds vykok vkSj Hkh vt+kc gS exj muesa cgqrsjs ughatkurs gSa ¼47½vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ rqe vius ijojfnxkj ds gqDe ls bUrst+kj esa lcz fd, jgks rks rqe fcYdqy gekjhfuxsgnk'r esa gks rks tc rqe mBk djks rks vius ijojfnxkj dh gEn dh rLchg fd;k djks ¼48½vkSj dqN jkr dks Hkh vkSj flrkjksa ds x+q:c gksus ds ckn rLchg fd;k djks ¼49½

53 lwjg ute ¼rkjk½lwjg ute eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh cklB ¼62½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSrkjs dh d+le tc VwVk ¼1½fd rqEgkjs jQ+hd+ ¼eksgEen½ u xqejkg gq, vkSj u cgds ¼2½vkSj og rks viuh uQ+fl;kuh [+okfg'k ls dqN Hkh ugha dgrs ¼3½;s rks cl ogh gS tks Hksth tkrh gS ¼4½budks fugk;r rkd+roj ¼Q+fj'rs ftcjhy½ us rkyhe nh gS ¼5½tks cM+k t+cjnLr gS vkSj tc ;s ¼vkleku ds½ Å¡ps ¼eq'kjd+ks½ fdukjs ij Fkk rks og viuh¼vlyh lwjr esa½ lh/kk [kM+k gqvk ¼6½fQj djhc gks ¼vkSj vkxs½ cwB u tkuk ¼11½rks D;k og ¼jlwy½ tks dqN ns[krk gS rqe yksx mlesa >xM+rs gks ¼12½vkSj mUgksus rks ml ¼ftcjhy½ dks ,d ckj ¼Ócs esjkt½ vkSj ns[kk gS ¼13½flnjrqy equrgk ds ut+nhd ¼14½

mlh ds ikl rks jgus dh csfg'r gS ¼15½tc Nk jgk Fkk flnjk ij tks Nk jgk Fkk ¼16½¼ml oD+r Hkh½ mudh vk¡[k u rks vkSj rjQ+ ek,y gq;h vkSj u gn ls vkxs c

ks tks gekjh ;kn ls jnfxjnkuh djs vksj flQZ nqfu;k dh ft+Unxh gh dk rkfyc gks rqe Hkhmlls eq¡g Qsj yks ¼29½muds bYe dh ;gh bfUrgk gS rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj] tks mlds jkLrs ls HkVd x;k mldks Hkh [+kwctkurk gS] vkSj tks jkgs jkLr ij gS muls Hkh [+kwc okfd+Q gS ¼30½vkSj tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS ¼x+jt+ lc dqN½ vYykg gh dk gS] rkfdftu yksxksa us cqjkbZ dh gks mudks mudh dkjLrkfu;ksa dh lt+k ns vkSj ftu yksxksa us usdh dh gS¼mudh usdh dh tt+k ns½ ¼31½tks lx+hjk xqukgksa ds flok dchjk xqukgksa ls vkSj csg;kbZ dh ckrksa ls cps jgrs gSa cs'kd rqEgkjkijojfnxkj cM+h cf[Ó'k okyk gS ogh rqedks [+kwc tkurk gS tc mlus rqedks feVVh ls iSnk fd;kvkSj tc rqe viuh ek¡ ds isV esa cPps Fks rks ¼rdCcqj½ ls vius u+l dh ikdht+xh u trk;kdjks tks ijgst+xkj gS mldks og [+kwc tkurk gS ¼32½Hkyk ¼,s jlwy½ rqeus ml Ó[+l dks Hkh ns[kk ftlus jnfxjnkuh dh ¼33½vkSj FkksM+k lk ¼vYykg dh jkg esa½ fn;k vkSj fQj cUn dj fn;k ¼34½D;k mlds ikl bYes x+Sc gS fd og ns[k jgk gS ¼35½D;k mldks mu ckrksa dh [+kcj ugha igq¡ph tks ewlk ds lghQ+ksa esa gS ¼36½vkSj bcjkghe ds ¼lghQ+ksa esa½ ¼37½ftUgksus ¼viuk gd+½ ¼iwjk vnk½ fd;k bu lghQ+ksa esa ;s gS] fd dksbZ Ó[+l nwljs ¼ds xqukg½ dkcks> ugha mBk,xk ¼38½vkSj ;s fd bUlku dks ogh feyrk gS ftldh og dksf'k'k djrk gS ¼39½vkSj ;s fd mudh dksf'k'k vud+jhsc gh ¼d+;ker esa½ ns[kh tk,xh ¼40½fQj mldk iwjk iwjk cnyk fn;k tk,xk ¼41½

vkSj ;s fd ¼lcdks vkf[+kj½ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj gh ds ikl igq¡puk gS ¼42½vkSj ;s fd ogh g¡lkrk vkSj :ykrk gS ¼43½vkSj ;s fd ogh ekjrk vkSj ftykrk gS ¼44½vkSj ;s fd ogh uj vkSj eknk nks fdLe ¼ds gSoku½ uqRQs ls tc ¼jge esa½ Mkyk tkrk gS ¼45½iSnk djrk gS ¼46½vkSj ;s fd mlh ij ¼d;ker esa½ nksckjk mBkuk ykft+e gS ¼47½vkSj ;s fd ogh ekynkj cukrk gS vkSj ljek;k vrk djrk gS] ¼48½vkSj ;s fd ogh Óksvjk, dk ekfyd gS ¼49½vkSj ;s fd mlh us igys ¼d+kSes½ vkn dks gykd fd;k ¼50½vkSj lewn dks Hkh x+jt+ fdlh dks ckd+h u NksM+k ¼51½vkSj ¼mlds½ igys uwg dh d+kSe dks cs'kd ;s yksx cM+s gh t+kfye vkSj cM+s gh ljd'k Fks ¼52½vkSj mlh us ¼d+kSes ywr dh½ myVh gq;h cfLr;ksa dks ns iVdk ¼53½¼fQj mu ij½ tks Nk;k lks Nk;k ¼54½rks rw ¼,s bUlku vkf[+kj½ vius ijojfnxkj dh dkSu lh usver ij Ód fd;k djsxk ¼55½;s ¼eksgEen Hkh vxys Mjkus okys iSx+Ecjksa esa ls ,d Mjus okyk½ iSx+Ecj gS ¼56½d;ker d+jhc vk x;h ¼57½vYykg ds flok mls dksbZ Vky ugha ldrk ¼58½

ks D;k rqe yksx bl ckr ls rkTtqc djrs gks vkSj g¡lrs gks ¼59½vkSj jksrs ugha gks ¼60½vkSj rqe bl d+nj x+kfQ+y gks rks vYykg ds vkxs ltns fd;k djks ¼61½vkSj ¼mlh dh½ bcknr fd;k djks ¼62½ ltnk 13

54 lwjg d+ej ¼pk¡n½lwjg d+ej eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ipiu ¼55½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSd+;ker d+jhc vk x;h vkSj pk¡n nks VqdM+s gks x;k ¼1½vkSj vxj ;s dq+Q+kj dksbZ ekSftt+k ns[krs gSa] rks eq¡g Qsj ysrs gSa] vkSj dgrs gSa fd ;s rks cM+kt+cjnLr tknw gS ¼2½vkSj mu yksxksa us >qByk;k vkSj viuh uQ+fl;kuh [+okfg'kksa dh iSjoh dh] vkSj gj dke dk oD+reqd+jZj gS ¼3½vkSj muds ikl rks og gkykr igq¡p pqds gSa ftuesa dkQh rEchg Fkha ¼4½vkSj bUrsgk ntsZ dh nkukbZ exj ¼mudks rks½ Mjkuk dqN Q+k;nk ugha nsrk ¼5½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe Hkh muls fdukjkd'k jgks] ftl fnu ,d cqykus okyk ¼bljkQ+hy½ ,d vtuchvkSj ukxokj pht+ dh rjQ+ cqyk,xk ¼6½rks ¼funker ls½ vk¡[ksa uhps fd, gq, dczksa ls fudy iM+saxs xks;k og QSyh gq;h fVM~fM;k¡ gSa ¼7½¼vkSj½ cqykus okys dh rjQ xnZusa cqByk;k Fkk] rks mUgksus gekjs ¼[+kkl½ cUns ¼uwg½ dks >qByk;k] vkSjdgus yxs ;s rks nhokuk gS ¼9½vkSj mudks f>M+fd;k¡ Hkh nh x;ha] rks mUgksaus vius ijojfnxkj ls nqvk dh fd ¼ckjs bykgk eSa½buds eqd+kcys esa det+ksj gw¡ ¼10½rks vc rw gh ¼buls½ cnyk ys rks geus ewlyk/kkj ikuh ls vkleku ds njokt+s [kksy fn, ¼11½

vkSj t+ehu ls p'esa tkjh dj fn,] rks ,d dke ds fy, tks eqd+jZj gks pqdk Fkk ¼nksuksa½ ikuhfeydj ,d gks x;k ¼12½vkSj geus ,d d'rh ij tks r[+rksa vkSj dhyksa ls rS;kj dh x;h Fkh lokj fd;k ¼13½vkSj og gekjh fuxjkuh esa py jgh Fkh ¼;s½ ml Ó[+l ¼uwg½ dk cnyk ysus ds fy, ftldksyksx u ekurs Fks ¼14½vkSj geus mldks ,d bcjr cuk dj NksM+k rks dksbZ gS tks bcjr gkfly djs ¼15½rks ¼mudks½ esjk vt+kc vkSj Mjkuk dSlk Fkk ¼16½vkSj geus rks d+qjku dks ulhgr gkfly djus ds okLrs vklku dj fn;k gS rks dksbZ gS tks ulhgrgkfly djs ¼17½vkn ¼dh d+kSe us½ ¼vius iSx+Ecj½ dks >qByk;k rks ¼mudk½ esjk vt+kc vkSj Mjkuk dSlk Fkk]¼18½geus mu ij cgqr l[+r eugwl fnu esa cM+s t+UukVs dh vk¡/kh pyk;h ¼19½tks yksxksa dks ¼viuh txg ls½ bl rjg m[kkM+ Qsdrh Fkh xks;k og m[kM+s gq, [ktwj ds rus gSa¼20½rks ¼mudks½ esjk vt+kc vkSj Mjkuk dSlk Fkk ¼21½vkSj geus rks d+qjku dks ulhgr gkfly djus ds okLrs vklku dj fn;k] rks dksbZ gS tks ulhgrgkfly djs ¼22½¼d+kSe½ lewn us Mjkus okys ¼iSx+Ecjksa½ dks >qByk;k ¼23½rks dgus yxs fd Hkyk ,d vkneh dh tks ge gh esa ls gks mldh iSjoha djsa ,slk djsa rksxqejkgh vkSj nhokuxh esa iM+ x, ¼24½

D;k ge lcesa cl mlh ij ogh ukft+y gq;h gS ¼ugha½ cfYd ;s rks cM+k >wBk rvYyh djusokyk gS ¼25½mudks vud+jhc dy gh ekywe gks tk,xk fd dkSu cM+k >wBk rdCcqj djus okyk gS ¼26½¼,s lkysg½ ge mudh vkt+ekb'k ds fy, Å¡Vuh Hkstus okys gSa rks rqe mudks ns[krs jgks vkSj¼FkksM+k½ lcz djks ¼27½vkSj mudks [+kcj dj nks fd muesa ikuh dh ckjh eqd+jZj dj nh x;h gS gj ¼ckjh okys dksviuh½ ckjh ij gkft+j gksuk pkfg, ¼28½rks mu yksxksa us vius jQhd+ ¼d+snkj½ dks cqyk;k rks mlus idM+ dj ¼Å¡Vuh dh½ dwWps dkV Mkyha¼29½rks ¼ns[kks½ esjk vt+kc vkSj Mjkuk dSlk Fkk ¼30½geus mu ij ,d l[+r fpa?kkM+ ¼dk vt+kc½ Hkst fn;k rks og ckM+s okyks ds lw[ks gq, pwj pwjHkwls dh rjg gks x, ¼31½vkSj geus d+qjku dks ulhgr gkfly djus ds okLrs vklku dj fn;k gS rks dksbZ gS tks ulhgrgkfly djs ¼32½ywr dh d+kSe us Hkh Mjkus okys ¼iSx+Ecjksa½ dks >qByk;k ¼33½rks geus mu ij dadj Hkjh gok pykbZ exj ywr ds yM+ds ckys dks geus mudks vius Qt+y odje ls fiNys gh dks cpk fy;k ¼34½ge ÓqØ djus okyksa dks ,slk gh cnyk fn;k djrs gSa ¼35½vkSj ywr us mudks gekjh idM+ ls Hkh Mjk;k Fkk exj mu yksxksa us Mjkrs gh esa Ód fd;k ¼36½vkSj muls muds esgeku ¼Q+fj'rs½ ds ckjs esa uktk;t+ eryc dh [+okfg'k dh rks geus mudhvk¡[ksa vU/kh dj nha rks esjs vt+kc vkSj Mjkus dk et+k p[kks ¼37½

vkSj lqcg losjs gh mu ij vt+kc vk x;k tks fdlh rjg Vy gh ugha ldrk Fkk ¼38½rks esjs vt+kc vkSj Mjkus ds ¼iM+s½ et+s p[kks ¼39½vkSj geus rks d+qjku dks ulhgr gkfly djus ds okLrs vklku dj fn;k rks dksbZ gS tks ulhgrgkfly djs ¼40½vkSj fQ+jvkÅu ds ikl Hkh Mjkus okys ¼iSx+Ecj½ vk, ¼41½rks mu yksxksa us gekjh dqy fu'kkfu;ksa dks >qByk;k rks geus mudks bl rjg l[+r idM+k ftlrjg ,d t+cjnLr lkfgcs d+qnjr idM+k djrk gS ¼42½¼,s ,gys eDdk½ D;k mu yksxksa ls Hkh rqEgkjs dqQkj c

¼;kfu½ gj NksVk vkSj cM+k dke fy[k fn;k x;k gS ¼53½cs'kd ijgst+xkj yksx ¼csfg'r ds½ ckx+ksa vkSj ugjksa esa ¼54½¼;kfu½ ilUnhnk ed+ke esa gj rjg dh dqnjr j[kus okys ckn'kkg dh ckjxkg esa ¼eqd+fjZc½ gksaxs¼55½

55 lwjg jgekulwjg jgeku eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj blesa vBgkrj ¼78½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gScM+k esgjcku ¼vYykg½ ¼1½mlh us d+qjku dh rkyhe QjekbZ ¼2½mlh us bUlku dks iSnk fd;k ¼3½mlh us mudks ¼viuk eryc½ C;ku djuk fl[kk;k ¼4½lwjt vkSj pk¡n ,d eqd+jZj fglkc ls py jgs gSa ¼5½vkSj cwfV;k¡ csysa] vkSj nj[+r ¼mlh dks½ ltnk djrs gSa ¼6½vkSj mlh us vkleku cqyUn fd;k vkSj rjktw ¼bUlkQ½ dks d+k;e fd;k ¼7½rkfd rqe yksx rjkt+w ¼ls rkSyus½ esa gn ls rtkmt+ u djks ¼8½vkSj bZUlkQ ds lkFk Bhd rkSyks vkSj rkSy de u djks ¼9½vkSj mlh us yksxksa ds uQs+ ds fy, t+ehu cuk;h ¼10½fd mlesa esos vkSj [ktwj ds nj[+r gSa ftlds [+kks'kksa esa fx+ykQ+ gksrs gSa ¼11½vkSj vukt ftlds lkFk Hkql gksrk gS vkSj [+kq'kcwnkj Qwy ¼12½rks ¼,s fxjksg ftu o bUl½ rqe nksuksa vius ijojfnxkj dh dkSu dkSu lh usverksa dks u ekuksxs¼13½mlh us bUlku dks Bhdjs dh rjg [ku [kukrh gq;h feVVh ls iSnk fd;k ¼14½

vkSj mlh us ftUukr dks vkx ds Óksys ls iSnk fd;k ¼15½rks ¼,s fxjksg ftu o bUl½ rqe vius ijojfnxkj dh dkSu dkSu lh usverksa ls eqdjksxs ¼16½ogh tkM+s xehZ ds nksuksa e'fjdksa dk ekfyd gS vkSj nksuksa ex+fjcksa dk ¼Hkh½ ekfyd gS ¼17½rks ¼,s ftuksa½ vkSj ¼vknfe;ksa½ rqe vius ijojfnxkj dh fdl fdl usver ls bUdkj djksxs ¼18½mlh us nfj;k cgk, tks ckge fey tkrs gSa ¼19½nks ds njfE;ku ,d gn~ns Q+kfly ¼vkM+½ gS ftlls rtkmt+ ugha dj ldrs ¼20½rks ¼,s ftu o bUl½ rqe nksuksa vius ijojfnxkj dh fdl fdl usver dks >qBykvksxs ¼21½bu nksuksa nfj;kvksa ls eksrh vkSj ew¡xs fudyrs gSa ¼22½¼rks ftu o bUl½ rqe nksuksa vius ijojfnxkj dh dkSu dkSu lh usver dks u ekuksxs ¼23½vkSj tgkt+ tks nfj;k esa igkM+ksa dh rjg Å¡ps [kM+s jgrs gS a mlh ds gSa ¼24½rks ¼,s ftu o bUl½ rqe vius ijojfnxkj dh fdl fdl usver dks >qBykvksxs ¼25½tks ¼e[+kywd½ t+ehu ij gS lc Q+uk gksus okyh gS ¼26½vkSj flQZ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh t+kr tks vt+er vkSj djker okyh gS ckd+h jgsxh ¼27½rks rqe nksuksa vius ekfyd dh fdl fdl usver ls bUdkj djksxs ¼28½vkSj ftrus yksx lkjs vkleku o t+ehu esa gSa ¼lc½ mlh ls ek¡xrs gSa og gj jkst+ ¼gj oD+r½e[+kywd ds ,d u ,d dke esa gS ¼29½rks rqe nksuksa vius ljijLr dh dkSu dkSu lh usver ls eqdjksxs ¼30½¼,s nksuksa fxjksgksa½ ge vud+jhc gh rqEgkjh rjQ eqrkoTts gksaxs ¼31½

ks rqe nksuksa vius ikyus okys dh fdl fdl usver dks u ekuksxs ¼32½,s fxjksg ftu o bUl vxj rqeesa d+qnjr gS fd vklekuksa vkSj t+ehu ds fdukjksa ls ¼gksdj dgha½fudy ¼dj ekSr ;k vt+kc ls Hkkx½ ldks rks fudy tkvks ¼exj½ rqe rks cx+Sj d+wor vkSj x+ycsds fudy gh ugha ldrs ¼gkykW fd rqeesa u d+wor gS vkSj u gh x+yck½ ¼33½rks rqe vius ijojfnxkj dh fdl fdl usver dks >qBykvksxs ¼34½¼xqukgxkj ftuksa vkSj vknfe;ksa tgUuqe esa½ rqe nksuks ij vkx dk lCt+ Óksyk vkSj fl;kg /kqvk¡NksM+ fn;k tk,xk rks rqe nksuksa ¼fdl rjg½ jksd ugha ldksxs ¼35½fQj rqe nksuksa vius ijojfnxkj dh fdl fdl usver ls bUdkj djksxs ¼36½fQj tc vkleku QV dj ¼d+;ker esa½ rsy dh rjg yky gks tk,sxk ¼37½rks rqe nksuksa vius ijojfnxkj dh fdl fdl usver ls eqdjksxs ¼38½rks ml fnu u rks fdlh bUlku ls mlds xqukg ds ckjs esa iwNk tk,xk u fdlh ftu ls ¼39½rks rqe nksuksa vius ekfyd dh fdl fdl usver dks u ekuksxs ¼40½xqukgxkj yksx rks vius psgjksa gh ls igpku fy, tk,¡xs rks is'kkuh ds iVVs vkSj ik¡o idM+s¼tgUuqe esa Mky fn;s tk,¡xs½ ¼41½vkf[+kj rqe nksuksa vius ijojfnxkj dh fdl fdl usver ls bUdkj djksxs ¼42½¼fQj muls dgk tk,xk½ ;gh og tgUuqe gS ftls xqukgxkj yksx >qByk;k djrs Fks ¼43½;s yksx nkst+[+k vkSj gn njtk [kkSyrs gq, ikuh ds njfe;ku ¼csd+jkj nkSM+rs½ pDdj yxkrs fQjsaxs¼44½rks rqe nksuksa vius ijojfnxkj dh fdl fdl usver dks u ekuksxs ¼45½vkSj tks Ó[+l vius ijojfnxkj ds lkeus [kM+s gksus ls Mjrk jgk mlds fy, nks nks ckx+ gSa ¼46½

ks rqe nksuksa vius ijojfnxkj dh dkSu dkSu lh usver ls bUdkj djksxs ¼47½nksuksa ckx+ ¼nj[+rksa dh½ Vgfu;ksa ls gjs Hkjs ¼esoksa ls yns½ gq, ¼48½fQj nksuksa vius ljijLr dh fdl fdl usverksa dks >qBykvksxs ¼49½bu nksuksa esa nks p'esa tkjh gkasxs ¼50½rks rqe nksuksa vius ijojfnxkj dh fdl fdl usver ls eqdjksxs ¼51½bu nksuksa ckx+ksa esa lc esos nks nks fdLe ds gksaxs ¼52½rqe nksuksa vius ijojfnxkj dh fdl fdl usver ls bUdkj djksxs ¼53½;g yksx mu Q+'kksZ ij ftuds vlrj vryl ds gksaxs rfd;s yxkdj cSBs gksaxs rks nksuksa ckx+ksa dsesos ¼bl d+nj½ d+jhc gksaxs ¼fd vxj pkgs rks yxs gq, [kkysa½ ¼54½rks rqe nksuksa vius ekfyd dh fdl fdl usver dks u ekuksxs ¼55½blesa ¼ikd nkeu x+Sj dh rjQ vk¡[k mBk dj u ns[kus okyh vkSjrsa gksaxh ftudks mu ls igys ufdlh bUlku us gkFk yxk;k gksxk½ vkSj ftu us ¼56½rks rqe nksuksa vius ijojfnxkj dh fdu fdu usverksa dks >qBykvksxs ¼57½¼,slh glhu½ xks;k og ¼eqtfLle½ ;kd+wr o ew¡xs gSa ¼58½rks rqe nksuksa vius ijojfnxkj dh fdu fdu usverksa ls eqdjksxs ¼59½Hkyk usdh dk cnyk usdh ds flok dqN vkSj Hkh gS ¼60½fQj rqe nksuksa vius ekfyd dh fdl fdl usver dks >qBykvksxs ¼61½mu nksuksa ckx+ksa ds vykok nks ckx+ vkSj gSa ¼62½

ks rqe nksuksa vius ikyus okys dh fdl fdl usver ls bUdkj djksxs ¼63½nksuksa fugk;r xgjs lCt+ o Óknkc ¼64½rks rqe nksuksa vius ljijLr dh fdu fdu usverksa dks u ekuksxs ¼65½mu nksuksa ckx+ksa esa nks p'esa tks'k ekjrs gksaxs ¼66½rks rqe nksuksa vius ijojfnxkj dh fdl fdl usver ls eqdjksxs ¼67½mu nksuksa esa esosa gSa [kqjesa vkSj vukj ¼68½rks rqe nksuksa vius ekfyd dh fdu fdu usverksa dks >qBykvksxs ¼69½mu ckx+ksa esa [+kq'k [+kqYd vkSj [+kwclwjr vkSjrsa gksaxh ¼70½rks rqe nksuksa vius ekfyd dh fdu fdu usverksa dks >qBykvksxs ¼71½og gwjsa gSa tks [+kseksa esa Nqih cSBh gSa ¼72½fQj rqe nksuksa vius ijojfnxkj dh dkSu dkSu lh usver ls bUdkj djksxs ¼73½muls igys mudks fdlh bUlku us mudks Nqvk rd ugha vkSj u ftu us ¼74½fQj rqe nksuksa vius ekfyd dh fdl fdl usver lss eqdjksxs ¼75½;s yksx lCt+ dkyhuksa vkSj uQhl o glhu elunksa ij rfd, yxk, ¼cSBs½ gksaxs ¼76½fQj rqe vius ijojfnxkj dh fdu fdu usverksa ls bUdkj djksxs ¼77½¼,s jlwy½ rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj tks lkfgcs tyky o djker gS mlh dk uke cM+k ckcjdr gS ¼78½

5 lwjg okds+vklwjg okds+vk eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ¼95½ fiPpkUuos vk;rs gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gStc d+;ker cjik gksxh vkSj mlds okfd+;k gksus esa t+jk >wV ugha ¼1½¼ml oD+r yksxksa esa Q+dZ t+kfgj gksxk½ ¼2½fd fdlh dks iLr djsxh fdlh dks cqyUn ¼3½tc t+ehu cM+s t+ksjksa esa fgyus yxsxh ¼4½vkSj igkM+ ¼Vdjk dj½ fcYdqy pwj pwj gks tk,¡xs ¼5½fQj t+jsZ cu dj mM+us yxsaxs ¼6½vkSj rqe yksx rhu fdLe gks tkvksxs ¼7½rks nkfgus gkFk ¼esa vkeky ukek ysus½ okys ¼okg½ nkfgus gkFk okys D;k ¼pSu esa½ gSa ¼8½vkSj ck,a gkFk ¼esa vkeky ukek ysus½ okys ¼vQ+lksl½ ck,a gkFk okys D;k ¼eqlhcr esa½ gSa ¼9½vkSj tks vkxs c

vkSj ;kd+wr ls tM+s gq, lksus ds rkjksa ls cus gq, ¼15½r[+rs ij ,d nwljs ds lkeus rfd, yxk, ¼cSBs½ gksaxs ¼16½ukStoku yM+ds tks ¼csfg'r esa½ ges'kk ¼yM+ds gh cus½ jgsaxs ¼17½¼Ójcr ox+Sjg ds½ lkxj vkSj pednkj VkasVhnkj daVj vkSj Ó+Q+kQ+ Ójkc ds tke fy, gq, mudsikl pDdj yxkrs gksaxs ¼18½ftlds ¼ihus½ ls u rks mudks ¼[+kqekj ls½ nnZlj gksxk vkSj u og cngokl engks'k gksaxs ¼19½vkSj ftl fd+Le ds esos ilUn djsa ¼20½vkSj ftl fd+Le ds ifjUns dk xks'r mudk th pkgs ¼lc ekStwn gS½ ¼21½vkSj cM+h cM+h vk¡[kksa okyh gwjsa ¼22½tSls ,grs;kr ls j[ks gq, eksrh ¼23½;s cnyk gS muds ¼usd½ vkeky dk ¼24½ogk¡ u rks csgwnk ckr lqusaxs vkSj u xqukg dh ckr ¼25½¼Qg'k½ cl mudk dyke lyke gh lyke gksxk ¼26½vkSj nkfgus gkFk okys ¼okg½ nkfgus gkFk okyksa dk D;k dguk gS ¼27½cs dk¡Vs dh csjks vkSj yns xqFks gq, ¼28½dsyksa vkSj yEch yEch Nk¡o ¼29½vkSj >juks ds ikuh ¼30½vkSj vukjksa ¼31½

esoks esa gkasxs ¼32½tks u dHkh [kRe gksaxs vkSj u mudh dksbZ jksd Vksd ¼33½vkSj Å¡ps Å¡ps ¼uje xn~nks ds½ Q+'kksZa esa ¼et+s djrs½ gksaxs ¼34½¼mudks½ og gwjsa feysaxh ftldks geus fur u;k iSnk fd;k gS ¼35½rks geus mUgsa dq+¡okfj;k¡ I;kjh I;kjh getksfy;k¡ cuk;k ¼36½¼;s lc lkeku½ ¼37½nkfgus gkFk ¼esa uke, vkeky ysus½ okyksa ds okLrs gS ¼38½¼buesa½ cgqr ls rks vxys yksxksa esa ls ¼39½vkSj cgqr ls fiNys yksxksa esa ls ¼40½vkSj ck,a gkFk ¼esa uke, vkeky ysus½ okys ¼vQlksl½ ck,a gkFk okys D;k ¼eqlhcr esa½ gSa ¼41½¼nkst+[+k dh½ ykS vkSj [kkSyrs gq, ikuh ¼42½vkSj dkys fl;kg /kq,¡ ds lk;s esa gksaxs ¼43½tks u BUMk vkSj u [+kq'k vkbUn ¼44½;s yksx blls igys ¼nqfu;k esa½ [+kwc ,s'k mM+k pqds Fks ¼45½vkSj cM+s xqukg ¼f'kdZ½ ij vM+s jgrs Fks ¼46½vkSj dgk djrs Fks fd Hkyk tc ge ej tk,¡xs vkSj ¼lM+ xy dj½ feVVh vkSj gfMM;k¡ ¼ghgfMM;k¡½ jg tk,¡xs ¼47½rks D;k gesa ;k gekjs vxys cki nknkvksa dks fQj mBuk gS ¼48½

¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd vxys vkSj fiNys ¼49½lc ds lc jksts+ eqv¸;u dh fe;kn ij t+:j bdV~Bs fd, tk,¡xs ¼50½fQj rqedks cs'kd ,s xqejkgksa >qBykus okyksa ¼51½;d+huu ¼tgUuqe esa½ FkksgM+ ds nj[+rksa esa ls [kkuk gksxk ¼52½rks rqe yksxksa dks mlh ls ¼viuk½ isV Hkjuk gksxk ¼53½fQj mlds Åij [kkSyrk gqvk ikuh ihuk gksxk ¼54½vkSj fi;ksxs Hkh rks I;kls Å¡V dk lk ¼Mx Mxk ds½ ihuk ¼55½d+;ker ds fnu ;gh mudh esgekuh gksxh ¼56½rqe yksxksa dks ¼igyh ckj Hkh½ ge gh us iSnk fd;k gS ¼57½fQj rqe yksx ¼nksckj dh½ D;ksa ugha rLnhd+ djrs ¼58½rks ftl uqRQs+ dks rqe ¼vkSjrksa ds jge esa Mkyrs gks½ D;k rqeus ns[k Hkky fy;k gS D;k rqemlls vkneh cukrs gks ;k ge cukrs gSa ¼59½geus rqe yksxksa esa ekSr dks eqd+jZj dj fn;k gS vkSj ge mlls vkftt+ ugha gSa ¼60½fd rqEgkjs ,sls vkSj yksx cny Mkysa vkSj rqe yksxksa dks bl ¼lwjr½ esa iSnk djsa ftls rqeeqRryd+ ugha tkurs ¼61½vkSj rqeus iSgyh iSnkb'k rks le> gh yh gS ¼fd geus dh½ fQj rqe x+kSj D;ksa ugha djrs ¼62½Hkyk ns[kks rks fd tks dqN rqe yksx cksrs gks D;k ¼63½rqe yksx mls mxkrs gks ;k ge mxkrs gSa vxj ge pkgrs ¼64½rks mls pwj pwj dj nsrs rks rqe ckrsa gh cukrs jg tkrs ¼65½

fd ¼gk,½ ge rks ¼eqr½ rkoku esa QWls ¼ugha½ ¼66½ge rks cnulhc gSa ¼67½rks D;k rqeus ikuh ij Hkh ut+j Mkyh tks ¼fnu jkr½ ihrs gks ¼68½D;k mldks ckny ls rqeus cjlk;k gS ;k ge cjlkrs gSa ¼69½vxj ge pkgsa rks mls [kkjh cuk nsa rks rqe yksx ÓØ D;ksa ugha djrs ¼70½rks D;k rqeus vkx ij Hkh x+kSj fd;k ftls rqe yksx ydM+h ls fudkyrs gks ¼71½D;k mlds nj[+r dks rqeus iSnk fd;k ;k ge iSnk djrs gSa ¼72½geus vkx dks ¼tgUuqe dh½ ;kn nsgkuh vkSj eqlkfQjksa ds uQs ds ¼okLrs iSnk fd;k½ ¼73½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe vius cqt+qxZ ijojfnxkj dh rLchg djks ¼74½rks eSa rkjksa ds eukft+y dh d+le [kkrk gw¡ ¼75½vkSj vxj rqe le>ks rks ;s cM+h d+le gS ¼76½fd cs'kd ;s cM+s :rcs dk d+qjku gS ¼77½tks fdrkc ¼ykSgs egQwt+½ esa ¼fy[kk gqvk½ gS ¼78½bldks cl ogh yksx Nwrs gSa tks ikd gSa ¼79½lkjs tgk¡ ds ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls ¼eksgEen ij½ ukft+y gqvk gS ¼80½rks D;k rqe yksx bl dyke ls bUdkj j[krs gks ¼81½vkSj rqeus viuh jkst+h ;s djkj ns yh gS fd ¼mldks½ >qBykrs gks ¼82½

ks D;k tc tku xys rd igq¡prh gS ¼83½vkSj rqe ml oD+r ¼dh gkyr½ iM+s ns[kk djrs gks ¼84½vkSj ge bl ¼ejus okys½ ls rqels Hkh T+;knk ut+nhd gksrs gSa ysfdu rqedks fn[kkbZ ugha nsrk ¼85½rks vxj rqe fdlh ds ncko esa ugha gks ¼86½rks vxj ¼vius nkos esa½ rqe lPps gks rks :g dks Qsj D;ksa ugha nsrs ¼87½il vxj og ¼ejus okyk vYykg ds½ eqd+jZschu ls gS ¼88½rks ¼ml ds fy,½ vkjke o vklkb'k gS vkSj [+kq'cwnkj Qwy vkSj usver ds ckx+ ¼89½vkSj vxj og nkfgus gkFk okyksa esa ls gS ¼90½rks ¼mlls dgk tk,xk fd½ rqe ij nkfgus gkFk okyksa dh rjQ+ ls lyke gks ¼91½vkSj vxj >qBykus okys xqejkgksa esa ls gS ¼92½rks ¼mldh½ esgekuh [kkSyrk gqvk ikuh gS ¼93½vkSj tgUuqe esa nkf[ky dj nsuk ¼94½cs'kd ;s ¼[+kcj½ ;d+huu lgh gS ¼95½rks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe vius cqt+qxZ ijojfnxkj dh rLchg djks ¼96½

57 lwjg gnhn ¼yksgk½lwjg gnhn enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh mUrhl ¼29½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gStks tks pht+ lkjs vkleku o t+ehu essa gS lc vYykg dh rlchg djrh gS vkSj ogh x+kfycfgder okyk gS ¼1½lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dh ckn'kkgh mlh dh gS ogh ftykrk gS ogh ekjrk gS vkSj ogh gj pht+ij dkfnj gS ¼2½ogh lcls igys vkSj lcls vkf[+kj gS vkSj ¼viuh d+worksa ls½ lc ij t+kfgj vkSj ¼fuxkgksa ls½iks'khnk gS vkSj ogh lc pht+ksa dks tkurk ¼3½og ogh rks gS ftlus lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dks Ng% fnu esa iSnk fd, fQj v'kZ ¼ds cukus½ ijvkeknk gqvk tks pht+ t+ehu esa nkf[ky gksrh gS vkSj tks mlls fudyrh gS vkSj tks pht+ vklekuls ukft+y gksrh gS vkSj tks mldh rjQ p

ogh rks gS tks vius cUns ¼eksgEen½ ij okt+s, o jkS'ku vk;rsa ukft+y djrk gS rkfd rqe yksxksadks ¼dqÝ+ dh½ rkfjd+h;ksa ls fudky dj ¼bZeku dh½ jkS'kuh esa ys tk, vkSj cs'kd vYykg rqeij cM+k esgjcku vkSj fugk;r jge okyk gS ¼9½vkSj rqedks D;k gks x;k fd ¼viuk eky½ vYykg dh jkg esa [+kpZ ugha djrs gkykWfd lkjsvkleku o t+ehu dk ekfyd o okfjl vYykg gh gS rqeesa ls ftl Ó[+l us Qrsg ¼eDdk½ lsigys ¼viuk eky½ [+kpZ fd;k vkSj tsgkn fd;k ¼vkSj ftlus ckn esa fd;k½ og cjkcj ugha mudkntkZ mu yksxksa ls dgha c

gks tk,¡ ftudks mu ls igys fdrkc ¼rkSjsr] bUthy½ nh x;h Fkh rks ¼tc½ ,d t+ekuk njkt+ xqt+jx;k rks muds fny l[+r gks x, vkSj buesa ls cgqrsjs cndkj gSa ¼16½tku j[kks fd vYykg gh t+ehu dks mlds ejus ¼mQ+rknk gksus½ ds ckn ft+Unk ¼vkckn½ djrk gSgeus rqels viuh ¼d+qnjr dh½ fu'kkfu;k¡ [kksy [kksy dj c;ku dj nh gSa rkfd rqe le>ks ¼17½cs'kd [+kSjkr nsus okys enZ vkSj [+kSjkr nsus okyh vkSjrsa vkSj ¼tks yksx½ vYykg dh uh;r ls[+kkfyl dt+Z nsrs gSa mudks nksxquk ¼vtz½ fn;k tk,xk vkSj mudk cgqr eqvft+t+ flyk ¼tUur½ rksgS gh ¼18½vkSj tks yksx vYykg vkSj mlds jlwyksa ij bZeku yk, ;gh yksx vius ijojfnxkj ds ut+nhdfln~nhd+ksa vkSj Óghnksa ds njts esa gksaxs muds fy, mUgh ¼fln~nhdksa vkSj Óghnksa½ dk vtz vkSj mUghadk uwj gksxk vkSj ftu yksxksa us dqÝ fd;k vkSj gekjh vk;rksa dks >qByk;k ogh yksx tgUuqeh gSa¼19½tku j[kks fd nqfu;koh ft+Unxh egt+ [ksy vkSj rek'kk vkSj t+kfgjh t+hur ¼o vklkb'k½ vkSjvkil esa ,d nwljs ij Q+[kz+ djuk vkSj eky vkSj vkSykn dh ,d nwljs ls T+;knk [+okfg'k gS¼nqu;koh ft+Unxh dh felky rks½ ckfj'k dh lh felky gS ftl ¼dh otg½ ls fdlkuksa dh [ksrh¼ygygkrh vkSj½ mudks [+kq'k dj nsrh Fkh fQj lw[k tkrh gS rks rw mldks ns[krk gS fd t+nZ gkstkrh gS fQj pwj pwj gks tkrh gS vkSj vkf[+kjr esa ¼dqQkj ds fy,½ l[+r vt+kc gS vkSj¼eksfeuksa ds fy,½ vYykg dh rjQ ls cf[+'k'k vkSj [+kq'kuwnh vkSj nqu;koh ft+Unxh rks cl Q+jscdk lkt+ks lkeku gS ¼20½rqe vius ijojfnxkj ds ¼lcc½ cf[+'k'k dh vkSj csfg'r dh rjQ yid ds vkxs c

tks [+kqn Hkh cq[+y djrs gSa vkSj nwljs yksxksa dks Hkh cq[+y djuk fl[kkrs gSa vkSj tks Ó[+l ¼buckrksa ls½ :xjnkuh djs rks vYykg Hkh csijok lt+kokjs gEnksluk gS ¼24½geus ;d+huu vius iSx+Ecjksa dks okt+s o jkS'ku eksftt+s nsdj Hkstk vkSj muds lkFk fdrkc vkSj¼bUlkQ+ dh½ rjkt+w ukft+y fd;k rkfd yksx bUlkQ+ ij d+k;e jgs vkSj ge gh us yksgs dksukft+y fd;k ftlds t+fj, ls l[+r yM+kbZ vkSj yksxksa ds cgqr ls uQs ¼dh ckrsa½ gSa vkSj rkfdvYykg ns[k ys fd csns[ks Hkkys vYykg vkSj mlds jlwyksa dh dkSu enn djrk gS cs'kd vYykgcgqr t+cjnLr x+kfyc gS ¼25½vkSj cs'kd ge gh us uwg vkSj bcjkghe dks ¼iSx+Ecj cukdj½ Hkstk vkSj mugh nksuksa dh vkSykn esaucwor vkSj fdrkc eqd+jZj dh rks muesa ds ckt+ fgnk;r ;k+rk gSa vkSj mu ds cgqrsjs cndkj gSa¼26½fQj muds ihNs gh muds d+ne c d+ne vius vkSj iSx+Ecj Hksts vkSj muds ihNs efj;e ds csVsbZlk dks Hkstk vkSj mudks bUthy vrk dh vkSj ftu yksxksa us mudh iSjoh dh muds fnyksa esaÓQ+D+d+r vkSj esgjckuh Mky nh vkSj jgckfu;r ¼yT+t+kr ls fdukjkd'kh½ mu yksxksa us [+kqn ,du;h ckr fudkyh Fkh geus mudks mldk gqD+e ugha fn;k Fkk exj ¼mu yksxksa us½ vYykg dh[+kq'kuwnh gkfly djus dh x+jt+ ls ¼[+kqn bZtkn fd;k½ rks mldks Hkh tSlk cukuk pkfg, Fkk u cuklds rks tks yksx muesa ls beku yk, mudks geus mudk vtz fn;k muesa ds cgqrsjs rks cndkj ghgSa ¼27½,s bZekunkjksa vYykg ls Mjks vkSj mlds jlwy ¼eksgEen½ ij bZeku ykvks rks vYykg rqedks viuhjger ds nks fgLls vtz vrk Qjek,xk vkSj rqedks ,slk uwj buk;r Q+jek,xk ftl ¼dh jkS'kuh½ esarqe pyksxs vkSj rqedks c[+'k Hkh nsxk vkSj vYykg rks cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼28½¼;s blfy, dgk tkrk gS½ rkfd ,gys fdrkc ;s u le>sa fd ;s eksfeuhu vYykg ds Qt+y ¼od+je½ ij dqN Hkh dqnjr ugha j[krs vkSj ;s rks ;d+huh ckr gS fd Qt+y vYykg gh ds dCt+sesa gS og ftldks pkgs vrk Qjek, vkSj vYykg rks cM+s Qt+y ¼o d+je½ dk ekfyd gS ¼29½

58 lwjg eqtkfnyklwjg eqtkfnyk eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ¼22½ ckbZl vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s jlwy tks vkSjr ¼[+kqyk½ rqels vius ÓkSgj ¼ml½ ds ckjs esa rqels >xM+rh vkSj vYykg ls fxysf'kdos djrh gS vYykg us mldh ckr lqu yh vkSj vYykg rqe nksuksa dh x+qrxw lqu jgk gScs'kd vYykg cM+k lquus okyk ns[kus okyk gS ¼1½rqe esa ls tks yksx viuh chfo;ksa ds lkFk t+gkj djrs gSa viuh choh dks ek¡ dgrs gSa og dqNmudh ek,¡ ugha ¼gks tkrha½ mudh ek,¡ rks cl ogh gSa tks mudks turh gSa vkSj og cs'kd ,dukekd+wy vkSj >wBh ckr dgrs gSa vkSj vYykg cs'kd ekQ djus okyk vkSj cM+k c[+'kus okyk gS¼2½vkSj tks yksx viuh chfo;ksa ls t+gkj dj cSBs fQj viuh ckr okil ysa rks nksuksa ds gefcLrjgksus ls igys ¼d+Q+kjs esa½ ,d x+qyke dk vkt+kn djuk ¼t+:jh½ gS mldh rqedks ulhgr dhtkrh gS vkSj rqe tks dqN Hkh djrs gks ¼vYykg½ mlls vkxkg gS ¼3½fQj ftldks x+qyke u feys rks nksuksa dh eqd+kjcr ds d+Cy nks eghus ds iS nj iS jkst+s j[ksa vkSjftldks bldh Hkh d+qnjr u gks lkB eksgrktksa dks [kkuk f[kykuk Qt+Z gS ;s ¼gqD+e blfy, gS½rkfd rqe vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy dh ¼iSjoh½ rlnhd+ djks vkSj ;s vYykg dh eqd+jZj gnsa gSavkSj dkfQ+jksa ds fy, nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼4½cs'kd tks yksx vYykg dh vkSj mlds jlwy dh eq[+kkYksQ+r djrs gSa og ¼mlh rjg½ t+yhy fd,tk,¡xs ftl rjg muds igys yksx fd, tk pqds gSa vkSj ge rks viuh lkQ+ vkSj ljhgh vk;rasaukft+y dj pqds vkSj dkfQjksa ds fy, t+yhy djus okyk vt+kc gS ¼5½ftl fnu vYykg mu lcdks nksckjk mBk,xk rks muds vkeky ls mudks vkxkg dj nsxk ;s yksx¼vxjps½ mudks Hkwy x;s gSa exj vYykg us mudks ;kn j[kk gS vkSj vYykg rks gj pht+ dkxokg gS ¼6½D;k rqedks ekywe ugha fd tks dqN vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks dqN t+ehu esa gS ¼x+jt+ lc dqN½vYykg tkurk gS tc rhu ¼vknfe;ksa½ dk [+kqfQ;k e'kosjk gksrk gS rks og ¼[+kqn½ mudk t+:j

pkSFkk gS vkSj tc ik¡p dk e'kosjk gksrk gS rks og mudk NBk gS vkSj mlls de gks ;k T+;knkvkSj pkgs tgk¡ dgha gks og muds lkFk t+:j gksrk gS fQj tks dqN og ¼nqfu;k esa½ djrs jgsd+;ker ds fnu mudks mlls vkxkg dj nsxk cs'kd vYykg gj pht+ ls [+kwc okfd+Q+ gS ¼7½D;k rqeus mu yksxksa dks ugha ns[kk ftudks ljxksf'k;k¡ djus ls euk fd;k x;k x+jt+ ftl dke dhmudks eqekfuvr dh x;h Fkh mlh dks fQj djrs gSa vkSj ¼yqRQ+ rks ;s gS fd½ xqukg vkSj ¼cstk½T+;knrh vkSj jlwy dh ukQjekuh dh ljxksf'k;k¡ djrs gSa vkSj tc rqEgkjs ikl vkrs gSa rks ftuy+t+ksa ls vYykg us Hkh rqe dks lyke ugha fd;k mu y+t+ksa ls lyke djrs gSa vkSj vius thesa dgrs gSa fd ¼vxj ;s okd+bZ iSx+Ecj gSa rks½ tks dqN ge dgrs gSa vYykg gesa mldh lt+kD;ksa ugha nsrk ¼,s jlwy½ mudks nkst+[+k gh ¼dh lt+k½ dkQh gS ftlesa ;s nkf[+ky gksaxs rks og¼D;k½ cqjh txg gS ¼8½,s bZekunkjksa tc rqe vkil esa ljxks'kh djks rks xqukg vkSj T+;knrh vkSj jlwy dh ukQjekuh dhljxks'kh u djks cfYd usdhdkjh vkSj ijgst+xkjh dh ljxks'kh djks vkSj vYykg ls Mjrs jgksftlds lkeus ¼,d fnu½ tek fd, tkvksxs ¼9½¼cjh ckrksa dh½ ljxks'kh rks cl ,d ÓSrkuh dke gS ¼vkSj blfy, djrs gSa½ rkfd bZekunkjksa dksmlls jat igq¡ps gkykWfd vYykg dh rjQ ls vkt+knh fn, cx+Sj ljxks'kh mudk dqN fcxkM+ ughaldrh vkSj eksfeuhu dks rks vYykg gh ij Hkjkslk j[kuk pkfg, ¼10½,s bZekunkjksa tc rqels dgk tk, fd etfyl esa txg dq'kknk djks og rks dq'kknk dj fn;k djksvYykg rqedks dq'kknxh vrk djsxk vkSj tc rqels dgk tk, fd mB [kM+s gks rks mB [kM+s gqvkdjks tks yksx rqels bZekunkj gSa vkSj ftudks bYe vrk gqvk gS vYykg muds ntsZ cqyUn djsxkvkSj vYykg rqEgkjs lc dkeksa ls cs[+kcj gS ¼11½,s bZekunkjksa tc iSx+Ecj ls dksbZ ckr dku esa dguh pkgks rks dqN [+kSjkr viuh ljxks'kh ls igysns fn;k djks ;gh rqEgkjs okLrs csgrj vkSj ikdht+k ckr gS il vxj rqedks bldk eqd+nwj u gksrks cs'kd vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼12½¼eqlyekuksa½ D;k rqe bl ckr ls Mj x, fd ¼jlwy ds½ dku esa ckr dgus ls igys [+kSjkr djyks rks tc rqe yksx ¼bruk lk dke½ u dj lds vkSj vYykg us rqEgsa ekQ+ dj fn;k rksikcUnh ls uekt+ i

vYykg us x+t+c dj >wBh ckrksij d+lesa [kkrs gSa vkSj og tkurs gSa ¼14½vYykg us muds fy, l[+r vt+kc rS;kj dj j[kk gS blesa Ód ugha fd ;s yksx tks dqN djrsgSa cgqr gh cqjk gS ¼15½mu yksxksa us viuh d+leksa dks flij cuk fy;k gS vkSj ¼yksxksa dks½ vYykg dh jkg ls jksd fn;krks muds fy, :lok djus okyk vt+kc gS ¼16½vYykg lkeus gjfxt+ u muds eky gh dqN dke vk,¡xs vkSj u mudh vkSykn gh dke vk,xh;gh yksx tgUuqeh gSa fd ges'kk mlesa jgsaxs ¼17½ftl fnu vYykg mu lcdks nksckj mBk [kM+k djsxk rks ;s yksx ftl rjg rqEgkjs lkeus d+lesa[kkrs gSa mlh rjg mlds lkeus Hkh d+lesa [kk,¡xs vkSj [+;ky djrs gSa fd og jkgs lokc ij gSavkxkg jgks ;s yksx ;d+huu >wBs gSa ¼18½ÓSrku us bu ij d+kcw ik fy;k gS vkSj vYykg dh ;kn muls Hkqyk nh gS ;s yksx ÓSrku dsfxjksg gS lqu j[kks fd ÓSrku dk fxjksg ?kkVk mBkus okyk gS ¼19½tks yksx vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ls eq[+kkysQ+r djrs gSa og lc t+yhy yksxksa esa gSa ¼20½vYykg us gqD+e ukfrd ns fn;k gS fd eSa vkSj esjs iSx+Ecj t+:j x+kfyc jgsaxs cs'kd vYykg cM+kt+cjnLr x+kfyc gS ¼21½tks yksx vYykg vkSj jkst+s vk[+skjr ij bZeku j[krs gSa rqe mudks vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy dsnq'euksa ls nksLrh djrs gq, u ns[kksxs vxjps og muds cki ;k csVs ;k HkkbZ ;k [+kkunku gh dsyksx ¼D;ksa u gksa½ ;gh og yksx gSa ftuds fnyksa esa vYykg us beku dks lkfcr dj fn;k gS vkSj[+kkl vius uwj ls mudh rkbZn dh gS vkSj mudks ¼csfg'r esa½ mu ¼gjs Hkjs½ ckx+ksa esa nkf[kydjsxk ftuds uhps ugjs tkjh gS ¼vkSj og½ ges'k mlesa jgsaxs vYykg muls jkt+h vkSj og vYykgls [+kq'k ;gh vYykg dk fxjksg gS lqu j[kks fd vYykg ds fxjksx ds yksx fnyh eqjknsa ik,¡xs¼22½

59 lwjg g'kzlwjg g'kz eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ] vkSj mldh pkSchl ¼24½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gStks pht+ vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks pht+ t+ehu esa gS ¼lc½ vYykg dh rLchg djrh gSa vkSj oghx+kfyc fgder okyk gS ¼1½ogh rks gS ftlus dq+Q+kj ,gys fdrkc ¼cuh uqtS+j½ dks igys g'kz ¼ft+yk, oru½ esa muds ?kjksa lsfudky ckgj fd;k ¼eqlyekuksa½ rqedks rks ;s oge Hkh u Fkk fd og fudy tk,¡xs vkSj og yksx;s le>s gq;s Fks fd muds fd+ys mudks vYykg ¼ds vt+kc½ ls cpk ysaxs exj tgk¡ ls mudks[+;ky Hkh u Fkk vYykg us mudks vk fy;k vkSj muds fnyksa essa ¼eqlyekuksa½ dks jkSc Mky fn;kfd og yksx [+kqn vius gkFkksa ls vkSj eksfeuhu ds gkFkksa ls vius ?kjksa dks mtkM+us yxs rks ,svk¡[k okyksa bcjr gkfly djks ¼2½vkSj vYykg us mudh fdler esa ft+yk oruh u fy[kk gksrk rks mu ij nqfu;k esa Hkh ¼nwljhrjg½ vt+kc djrk vkSj vk[+ksjr esa rks mu ij tgUuqe dk vt+kc gS gh ¼3½;s blfy, fd mu yksxksa us vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy dh eq[+kkysQ+r dh vkSj ftlus vYykg dheq[+kkysQ+r dh rks ¼;kn jgs fd½ vYykg cM+k l[+r vt+kc nsus okyk gS ¼4½¼eksfeuksa½ [ktwj dk nj[+r tks rqeus dkV Mkyk ;k tw¡ dk r¡w ls mudh tM+ksa ij [kM+k jgus fn;krks vYykg gh ds gqD+e ls vkSj eryc ;s Fkk fd og ukQjekuksa dks :lok djs ¼5½¼rks½ tks eky vYykg us vius jlwy dks mu yksxksa ls cs yM+s fnyok fn;k mlesa rqEgkj gd+ ughaD;ksafd rqeus mlds fy, dqN nkSM+ /kwi rks dh gh ugha] u ?kksM+ksa ls u Å¡Vksa ls] exj vYykgvius iSx+Ecjksa dks ftl ij pkgrk gS x+yck vrk Qjekrk gS vkSj vYykg gj pht+ ij d+kfnj gS¼6½rks tks eky vYykg us vius jlwy dks nsgkr okyksa ls cs yM+s fnyok;k gS og [+kkl vYykg vkSjmlds jlwy vkSj ¼jlwy ds½ d+jkcrnkjksa vkSj ;rheksa vkSj eksgrktksa vkSj ijnsfl;ksa dk gS rkfd tksyksx rqeesa ls nkSyreUn gSa fgj fQj dj nkSyr mUgha esa u jgs] gk¡ tks rqedks jlwy nsa nsa og ys

fy;k djks vkSj ftlls euk djsa mlls ckt+ jgks vkSj vYykg ls Mjrs jgks cs'kd vYykg l[+rvt+kc nsus okyk gS ¼7½¼bl eky esa½ mu eqQfyl eqgkftjksa dk fgLlk Hkh gS tks vius ?kjksa ls vkSj ekyksa ls fudkys¼vkSj vyx fd,½ x, ¼vkSj½ vYykg ds Q+t+y o [+kq'kuwnh ds rycxkj gSa vkSj vYykg dh vkSjmlds jlwy dh enn djrs gSa ;gh yksx lPps bekunkj gSa vkSj ¼mudk Hkh fgLlk gS½ ¼8½tks yksx eksgktsjhu ls igys ¼fgtjr ds½ ?kj ¼enhuk½ esa eqd+he gSa vkSj bZeku esa ¼eqlrfd+y½ jgsvkSj tks yksx fgtjr djds muds ikl vk, muls eksgCcr djrs gSa vkSj tks dqN mudks feykmlds fy, vius fnyksa esa dqN x+jt+ ugha ikrs vkSj vxjps vius Åij raxh gh D;ksa u gks nwljksadks vius u+l ij rjthg nsrs gSa vkSj tks Ó[+l vius ul dh fglZ ls cpk fy;k x;k rks ,slsgh yksx viuh fnyh eqjknsa ik,¡xs ¼9½vkSj mudk Hkh fgLlk gS vkSj tks yksx mu ¼eksgktsjhu½ ds ckn vk, ¼vkSj½ nqvk djrs gSa fdijojfnxkjk gekjh vkSj mu yksxksa dh tks gels igys bZeku yk pqds ex+Qs+jr dj vkSj eksfeuksa dhrjQ ls gekjs fnyksa esa fdlh rjg dk dhuk u vkus ns ijojfnxkj cs'kd rw cM+k ÓQhd+ fugk;rjge okyk gS ¼10½D;k rqeus mu equkfQ+dksa dh gkyr ij ut+j ugha dh tks vius dkfQ+j Hkkb;ksa ,gys fdrkc lsdgk djrs gSa fd vxj dgha rqe ¼?kjksa ls½ fudkys x, rks ;d+hu tkuksa fd ge Hkh rqEgkjs lkFk¼t+:j½ fudy [kM+s gksaxs vkSj rqEgkjs ckjs esa dHkh fdlh dh brkvr u djasxs vkSj vxj rqelsyM+kbZ gksxh rks t+:j rqEgkjh enn djsaxs] exj vYykg c;ku fd, nsrk gS fd ;s yksx ;d+huu >wBsgSa ¼11½vxj dq+Q+kj fudkys Hkh tk,¡ rks ;s equkQs+d+hu muds lkFk u fudysaxs vkSj vxj muls yM+kbZ gq;hrks mudh enn Hkh u djsaxs vkSj ;d+huu djsaxs Hkh rks ihB Qsj dj Hkkx tk,¡xs ¼12½fQj mudks dgha ls dqed Hkh u feysxh ¼eksfeuksa½ rqEgkjh gScr muds fnyksa esa vYykg ls Hkhc ugha j[krs ¼13½;s lc ds lc feydj Hkh rqels ugha yM+ ldrs] exj gj rjQ ls egQwt+ cfLr;ksa esa ;k ¼Ógjiukg dh½ nhokjksa dh vkM+ esa budh vkil esa rks cM+h /kkd gS fd rqe [+;ky djksxs fd lc dslc ¼,d tku½ gSa exj muds fny ,d nwljs ls QVs gq, gSa ;s bl otg ls fd ;s yksx csvD+ygSa ¼14½

mudk gky mu yksxksa dk lk gS tks muls dqN gh is'krj vius dkeksa dh lt+k dk et+k p[kpqds gSa vkSj muds fy, nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼15½¼equkfQ+dksa½ dh felky ÓSrku dh lh gS fd bUlku ls dgrk jgk fd dkfQ+j gks tkvks] fQj tcog dkfQ+j gks x;k rks dgus yxk eSa rqels cst+kj gw¡ eSa lkjs tgk¡ ds ijojfnxkj ls Mjrk gw¡¼16½rks nksuksa dk urhtk ;s gqvk fd nksuksa nkst+[+k esa ¼Mkys½ tk,¡xs vkSj mlesa ges'kk jgsaxs vkSj ;ghreke t+kfyeksa dh lt+k gS ¼17½,s bZekunkjksa vYykg ls Mjks] vkSj gj Ó[+l dks x+kSj djuk pkfg, fd dy d+;ker ds okLrs mlusigys ls D;k Hkstk gS vkSj vYykg gh ls Mjrs jgks css'kd tks dqN rqe djrs gks vYykg mllsck[+kcj gS ¼18½vkSj mu yksxksa ds tSls u gks tkvks tks vYykg dks Hkqyk cSBs rks vYykg us mUgsa ,slk dj fn;kfd og vius vkidks Hkwy x, ;gh yksx rks cn fdjnkj gSa ¼19½tgUuqeh vkSj tUurh fdlh rjg cjkcj ugha gks ldrs tUurh yksx gh rks dke;kch gkfly djusokys gSa ¼20½vxj ge bl d+qjku dks fdlh igkM+ ij ¼Hkh½ ukft+y djrs rks rqe mldks ns[krs fd vYykg dsMj ls >qdk vkSj QVk tkrk gS ;s felkysa ge yksxksa ¼ds le>kus½ ds fy, c;ku djrs gSa rkfdog x+kSj djsa ¼21½ogh vYykg gS ftlds flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha] iks'khnk vkSj t+kfgj dk tkuus okyk ogh cM+kesgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS ¼22½ogh og vYykg gS ftlds flok dksbZ d+kfcys bcknr ugha ¼gd+hd+h½ ckn'kkg] ikd t+kr ¼gj ,scls½ cjh veu nsus okyk fuxsgcku] x+kfyc t+cjnLr cM+kbZ okyk ;s yksx ftldks ¼mldk½ ÓjhdBgjkrs gSa ¼23½mlls ikd gS ogh vYykg ¼reke pht+ksa dk [+kkfyd½ eqftn lwjrksa dk cukus okyk mlh ds vPNsvPNs uke gSa tks pht+s lkjs vkleku o t+ehu esa gSa lc mlh dh rlchg djrh gSa] vkSj oghx+kfyc fgder okyk gS ¼24½

60 lwjg eqErgsuk;s lwjk enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh rsjg ¼13½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s bZekunkjksa vxj rqe esjh jkg esa tsgkn djus vkSj esjh [+kq'kuwnh dh reUuk esa ¼?kj ls½ fudyrsgks rks esjs vkSj vius nq'keuksa dks nksLr u cukvks rqe muds ikl nksLrh dk iSx+ke Hkstrs gks vkSjtks nhu gd+ rqEgkjs ikl vk;k gS mlls og yksx budkj djrs gSa og yksx jlwy dks vkSj rqedksbl ckr ij ¼?kj ls½ fudkyrs gSa fd rqe vius ijojfnxkj vYykg ij bZeku ys vk, gks ¼vkSj½rqe gks fd muds ikl Nqi Nqi ds nksLrh dk iSx+ke Hkstrs gks gkykWfd rqe dqN Hkh Nqik dj ;kfcy ,yku djrs gks eSa mlls [+kwc okfd+Q+ gw¡ vkSj rqeeas ls tks Ó[+l ,slk djs rks og lh/kh jkgls ;d+huu HkVd x;k ¼1½vxj ;s yksx rqe ij d+kcw ik tk,¡ rks rqEgkjs nq'eu gks tk,¡ vkSj bZt+k ds fy, rqEgkjh rjQvius gkFk Hkh c

j[krk gks vPNk uewuk gS vkSj tks ¼blls½ eq¡g eksM+s rks vYykg Hkh ;d+huu csijok ¼vkSj½ lt+kokjsgEn gS ¼6½djhc gS fd vYykg rqEgkjs vkSj muesa ls rqEgkjs nq'euksa ds njfe;ku nksLrh iSnk dj ns vkSjvYykg rks d+kfnj gS vkSj vYykg cM+k c['kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼7½tks yksx rqels rqEgkjs nhu ds ckjs esa ugha yM+s fHkM+s vkSj u rqEgsa ?kjksa ls fudkys mu yksxksa dslkFk ,glku djus vkSj muds lkFk bUlkQ+ ls is'k vkus ls vYykg rqEgsa euk ugha djrk cs'kdvYykg bUlkQ+ djus okyksa dks nksLr j[krk gS ¼8½vYykg rks cl mu yksxksa ds lkFk nksLrh djus ls euk djrk gS ftUgksus rqels nhu ds ckjs esayM+kbZ dh vkSj rqedks rqEgkjs ?kjksa ls fudky ckgj fd;k] vkSj rqEgkjs fudkyus esa ¼vkSjksa dh½ enndh vkSj tks yksx ,slksa ls nksLrh djsaxs og yksx t+kfye gSa ¼9½,s bZekunkjksa tc rqEgkjs ikl bZekunkj vkSjrsa oru NksM+ dj vk,¡ rks rqe mudks vkt+ek yks]vYykg rks muds bZeku ls okfdQ+ gS gh] il vxj rqe Hkh mudks bZekunkj le>ks rks mUghdkfQ+jksa ds ikl okil u Qsjks u ;s vkSjrsa muds fy, gyky gSa vkSj u og dq+Q+kj mu vkSjrksads fy, gyky gSa vkSj mu dqQkj us tks dqN ¼mu vkSjrksa ds esgj esa½ [+kpZ fd;k gks mudks nsnks] vkSj tc mudk egj mUgsa ns fn;k djks rks bldk rqe ij dqN xqukg ugha fd rqe mllsfudkg dj yks vkSj dkfQj vkSjrksa dh vkc: ¼tks rqEgkjh chfo;k¡ gksa½ vius dCt+s esa u j[kks¼NksM+ nks fd dq+Q+kj ls tk feysa½ vkSj rqeus tks dqN ¼mu ij½ [+kpZ fd;k gks ¼dq+Q+kj ls½ yks]vkSj mUgksus Hkh tks dqN [+kpZ fd;k gks rqe ls ek¡x ysa ;gh vYykg dk gqDe gS tks rqEgkjsnjfe;ku lkfnj djrk gS vkSj vYykg okfd+Q+dkj gdhe gS ¼10½vkSj vxj rqEgkjh chfo;ksa esa ls dksbZ vkSjr rqEgkjs gkFk ls fudy dj dkfQjksa ds ikl pyh tk,vkSj ¼[+kpZ u feys½ vkSj rqe ¼mu dkfQ+jksa ls yM+ks vkSj ywVks rks ¼ekys x+uher ls½ ftudh vkSjrsapyh x;ha gSa mudks bruk ns nks ftruk mudk [+kpZ gqvk gS½ vkSj ftl vYykg ij rqe yksx bZekuyk, gks mlls Mjrs jgks ¼11½¼,s jlwy½ tc rqEgkjs ikl bZekunkj vkSjrsa rqels bl ckr ij cS;r djus vk,¡ fd og u fdlhdks vYykg dk Ójhd cuk,¡xh vkSj u pksjh djsaxh vkSj u ts+uk djsaxh vkSj u viuh vkSykn dksekj Mkysaxh vkSj u vius gkFk ik¡o ds lkeus dksbZ cksgrku ¼yM+ds dk ÓkSgj ij½ x

,s bZekunkjksa ftu yksxksa ij vYykg us viuk x+t+c

61 lwjg lQ+lwjg lQ+ enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh pkSng vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gStks pht+s vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks pht+s t+ehu esa gSa ¼lc½ vYykg dh rLchg djrh gSa vkSj ogx+kfyc fgder okyk gS ¼1½,s bZekunkjksa rqe ,slh ckrsa D;ksa dgk djrs gks tks fd;k ugha djrs ¼2½vYykg ds ut+nhd ;s x+t+c dh ckr gS fd rqe ,slh ckr dks tks djks ugha ¼3½vYykg rks mu yksxksa ls myQ+r j[krk gS tks mldh jkg esa bl rjg ijk ck¡/k ds yM+rs gSa fdxks;k og lhlk fiykbZ gq;h nhokjsa gSa ¼4½vkSj tc ewlk us viuh d+kSe ls dgk fd Hkkb;ksa rqe eq>s D;ksa vt+h;r nsrs gks gkykWfd rqe rkstkurs gks fd eSa rqEgkjs ikl vYykg dk ¼Hkstk gqvk½ jlwy gw¡ rks tc og Vs

og ogh gS ftlus vius jlwy dks fgnk;r vkSj lPps nhu ds lkFk Hkstk rkfd mls vkSj rekenhuksa ij x+kfyc djs vxjps eq'kjsdhu cqjk gh ¼D;ksa u½ ekus ¼9½,s bZekunkjksa D;k eSa ugha ,slh frtkjr crk nw¡ tks rqedks ¼vk[+ksjr ds½ nnZukd vt+kc ls futkr ns¼10½¼og ;s gS fd½ vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ij bZeku ykvks vkSj vius eky o tku ls vYykg dhjkg esa tsgkn djks vxj rqe le>ks rks ;gh rqEgkjs gd+ essa csgrj gS ¼11½¼,slk djksxs½ rks og Hkh blds ,sot+ esa rqEgkjs xqukg c[+'k nsxk vkSj rqEgsa mu ckx+ksa esa nkf[k+ydjsxk ftuds uhps ugjsa tkjh gSa vkSj ikdhtk+ edkukr esa ¼txg nsxk½ tks tkosnkuh csfg'r esa gSa;gh rks cM+h dke;kch gS ¼12½vkSj ,d pht+ ftlds rqe fny nknk gks ¼;kfu rqedks½ vYykg dh rjQ ls enn ¼feysxh vkSjvud+jhc Qrsg ¼gksxh½ vkSj ¼,s jlwy½ eksfeuhu dks [+kq'k[+kcjh ¼bldh½ ns nks ¼13½,s bZekunkjksa vYykg ds ennxkj cu tkvks ftl rjg efj;e ds csVs bZlk us gokfj;ksa ls dgk Fkkfd ¼Hkyk½ vYykg dh rjQ ¼cqykus es a½ esjs ennxkj dkSu yksx gSa rks gokjhu cksy mBs Fks fdge vYykg ds vulkj gSa rks cuh bljkbZy esa ls ,d fxjksg ¼mu ij½ bZeku yk;k vkSj ,dfxjksg dkfQj jgk] rks tks yksx bZeku yk, geus mudks muds nq'keuksa ds eqd+kcys esa enn nh rksvkf[+kj ogh x+kfyc jgs ¼14½

62 lwjg tqeklwjg tqek enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh X;kjg ¼11½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gStks pht+ vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks pht+ t+ehu esa gS ¼lc½ vYykg dh rLchg djrh gSa tks¼gd+hd+h½ ckn'kkg ikd t+kr x+kfyc fgder okyk gS ¼1½ogh rks ftlus tkfgyksa esa mUgha esa dk ,d jlwy ¼eksgEen½ Hkstk tks muds lkeus mldh vk;rsaiqByk;kmudh Hkh D;k cqjh felky gS vkSj vYykg t+kfye yksxksa dks eaft+y edlwn rd ugha igq¡pk;kdjrk ¼5½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ,s ;gwfn;ksa vxj rqe ;s [+;ky djrs gks fd rqe gh vYykg ds nksLrgks vkSj yksx ugha rks vxj rqe ¼vius nkos esa½ lPps gks rks ekSr dh reUuk djks ¼6½vkSj ;s yksx mu vkeky ds lcc tks ;s igys dj pqds gSa dHkh mldh vkjt+w u djsaxs vkSjvYykg rks t+kfyeksa dks tkurk gS ¼7½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ekSr ftlls rqe yksx Hkkxrs gks og rks t+:j rqEgkjs lkeus vk,xh fQjrqe iks'khnk vkSj t+kfgj ds tkuus okys ¼vYykg½ dh rjQ ykSVk fn, tkvksxs fQj tks dqN Hkhrqe djrs Fks og rqEgsa crk nsxk ¼8½

,s bZekunkjksa tc tqek dk fnu uekt+ ¼tqek½ ds fy, vt+ku nh tk, rks vYykg dh ;kn ¼uekt+½dh rjQ nkSM+ iM+ks vkSj ¼[k+jhn½ o Qjks[+r NksM+ nks vxj rqe le>rs gks rks ;gh rqEgkjs gd+ esacsgrj gS ¼9½fQj tc uekt+ gks pqds rks t+ehu esa ¼tgk¡ pkgks½ tkvks vkSj vYykg ds Qt+y ¼viuh jkst+h½dh ryk'k djks vkSj vYykg dks cgqr ;kn djrs jgks rkfd rqe fnyh eqjknsa ikvks ¼10½vkSj ¼mudh gkyr rks ;s gS fd½ tc ;s yksx lkSnk fcdrk ;k rek'kk gksrk ns[ksa rks mldh rjQVwV iM+s vkSj rqedks [kM+k gqvk NksM+ nsa ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd tks pht+ vYykg ds ;gk¡ gSog rek'ks vkSj lkSns ls dgha csgrj gS vkSj vYykg lcls csgrj fjT+d+ nsus okyk gS ¼11½

63 lwjg equkfQ+d+wulwjg equkfQ+d+wu enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh X;kjg ¼11½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼,s jlwy½ tc rqEgkjs ikl equkQs+d+hu vkrs gSa rks dgrs gSa fd ge rks bd+jkj djrs gSa fd vki;d+uhu vYykg ds jlwy gSa vkSj vYykg Hkh tkurk gS rqe ;d+huh mlds jlwy gks exj vYykgt+kfgj fd, nsrk gS fd ;s yksx vius ¼,rd+kn ds fygkt+ ls½ t+:j >wBs gSa ¼1½bu yksxksa us viuh d+leksa dks flij cuk j[kk gS rks ¼blh ds t+fj, ls½ yksxksa dks vYykg dhjkg ls jksdrs gSa cs'kd ;s yksx tks dke djrs gSa cqjs gSa ¼2½bl lcc ls fd ¼t+kfgj esa½ bZeku yk, fQj dkfQ+j gks x,] rks muds fnyksa ij ¼xks;k½ eksgjyxk nh x;h gS rks vc ;s le>rs gh ugha ¼3½vkSj tc rqe mudks ns[kksxs rks ruklqcs vkt+k dh otg ls mudk d+n o d+ker rqEgsa cgqr vPNkekywe gksxk vkSj xq+rxw djsaxs rks ,slh fd rqe roTtks ls lquks ¼exj vD+y ls [k+kyh½ xks;knhokjksa ls yxk;h gq;ha csdkj ydfM+;k¡ gSa gj ph[+k dh vkokt+ dks le>rs gSa fd mUgha ij vkiM+h ;s yksx rqEgkjs nq'eu gSa rqe muls cps jgks vYykg bUgsa ekj Mkys ;s dgk¡ cgds fQjrs gSa¼4½vkSj tc muls dgk tkrk gS fd vkvks jlwyvYykg rqEgkjs okLrs ex+Qsjr dh nqvk djsa rks ogyksx vius lj Qsj ysrs gSa vkSj rqe mudks ns[kksxs fd rdCcqj djrs gq, eq¡g Qsj ysrs gSa ¼5½rks rqe mudh ex+Qsjr dh nqvk ek¡xks ;k u ek¡xks muds gd+ esa cjkcj gS ¼D;ksa fd½ vYykg rksmUgsa gjfxt+ c[+'ksxk ugha vYykg rks gjfxt+ cndkjksa dks eaft+ys ed+lwn rd ugha igq¡pk;k djrk¼6½;s ogh yksx rks gSa tks ¼vUlkj ls½ dgrs gSa fd tks ¼eqgkftjhu½ jlwys vYykg ds ikl jgrs gSamu ij [+kpZ u djks ;gk¡ rd fd ;s yksx [+kqn frrj fcrj gks tk,¡ gkykWfd lkjs vkleku vkSjt+ehu ds [+kt+kus vYykg gh ds ikl gSa exj equkQsd+hu ugha le>rs ¼7½;s yksx rks dgrs gSa fd vxj ge ykSV dj enhus igq¡ps rks bT+t+nkj yksx ¼[+kqn½ t+yhy ¼jlwy½

dks t+:j fudky ckgj dj nsaxs gkykWfd bT+t+r rks [+kkl vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy vkSj eksfeuhuds fy, gS exj equkQs+dhu ugha tkurs ¼8½,s bZekunkjksa rqEgkjs eky vkSj rqEgkjh vkSykn rqedks vYykg dh ;kn ls x+kfQy u djs vkSj tks,slk djsxk rks ogh yksx ?kkVs esa jgsaxs ¼9½vkSj geus tks dqN rqEgsa fn;k gS mlesa ls d+Cy blds ¼vYykg dh jkg esa½ [k+pZ dj Mkyks fdrqeesa ls fdlh dh ekSr vk tk, rks ¼bldh ukScr u vk, fd½ dgus yxs fd ijojfnxkj rwus eq>sFkksM+h lh eksgyr vkSj D;ksa u nh rkfd [+kSjkr djrk vkSj usdhdkjksa ls gks tkrk ¼10½vkSj tc fdlh dh ekSr vk tkrh gS rks vYykg mldks gjfxt+ eksgyr ugha nsrk vkSj tks dqNrqe djrs gks vYykg mlls [+kcjnkj gS ¼11½

64 lwjg rx+kcqulwjg rx+kcqu blesa ,[+rsykQ gS fd eDdk esa ukft+y gqvk ;k enhus esa vkSj bldh vBkjg ¼18½vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gStks pht+ vklekuksa esa gS vkSj tks pht+ t+ehu esa gS ¼lc½ vYykg gh dh rLchg djrh gS mlhdh ckn'kkgr gS vkSj rkjhQ+ mlh ds fy, lt+kokj gS vkSj ogh gj pht+ ij dkfnj gS ¼1½ogh rks gS ftlus rqe yksxksa dks iSnk fd;k dksbZ rqeesa dkfQ+j gS vkSj dksbZ eksfeu vkSj tks dqNrqe djrs gks vYykg mldks ns[k jgk gS ¼2½mlh us lkjs vkleku o t+ehu dks fgder o elysgr ls iSnk fd;k vkSj mlh us rqEgkjh lwjrsacuk;ha rks lcls vPNh lwjrsa cuk;ha vkSj mlh dh rjQ ykSVdj tkuk gSa ¼3½tks dqN lkjs vkleku o t+ehu esa gS og ¼lc½ tkurk gS vkSj tks dqN rqe Nqik dj ;k [kqYye[kqYyk djrs gks mlls ¼Hkh½ okfdQ+ gS vkSj vYykg rks fny ds Hksn rd ls vkxkg gS ¼4½D;k rqEgsa mudh [+kcj ugha igq¡ph ftUgksaus ¼rqe ls½ igys dqÝ+ fd;k rks mUgksus vius dke dhlt+k dk ¼nqfu;k esa½ et+k p[kk vkSj ¼vkf[+kjr esa rks½ muds fy, nnZukd vt+kc gS ¼5½;s bl otg ls fd muds ikl iSx+Ecj okt+s, o jkS'ku ekSftt+s ysdj vk pqds Fks rks dgus yxsfd D;k vkneh gekjs gknh cusaxsa x+jt+ ;s yksx dkfQ+j gks cSBs vkSj eq¡g Qsj cSBs vkSj vYykg usHkh ¼mudh½ ijokg u dh vkSj vYykg rks cs ijok lt+kokjs gEn gS ¼6½dkfQ+jksa dk [+;ky ;s gS fd ;s yksx nksckjk u mBk, tk,¡xs ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks ogk¡ viusijojfnxkj dh d+le rqe t+:j mBk, tkvksxs fQj tks tks dke rqe djrs jgs og rqEgsa crk nsxkvkSj ;s rks vYykg ij vklku gS ¼7½rks rqe vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy ij mlh uwj ij bZeku ykvks ftldks geus ukft+y fd;k gS vkSjtks dqN rqe djrs gks vYykg mlls [+kcjnkj gS ¼8½

tc og d+;ker ds fnu rqe lcdks tek djsxk fQj ;gh gkj thr dk fnu gksxk vkSj tks Ó[+lvYykg ij bZeku yk, vkSj vPNk dke djs og mlls mldh cqjkb;k¡ nwj dj nsxk vkSj mldks¼csfg'r esa½ mu ckx+ksa esa nkf[+ky djsxk ftuds uhps ugjsa tkjh gSa og muesa vcknqy vkckn ges'kkjgsxk] ;gh rks cM+h dke;kch gS ¼9½vkSj tks yksx dkfQ+j gSa vkSj gekjh vk;rksa dks >qBykrs jgs ;gh yksx tgUuqeh gSa fd ges'kk mlhesa jgsaxs vkSj og D;k cqjk fBdkuk gS ¼10½tc dksbZ eqlhcr vkrh gS rks vYykg ds bt+u ls vkSj tks Ó[+l vYykg ij bZeku ykrk gS rksvYykg mlds dYc dh fgnk;r djrk gS vkSj vYykg gj pht+ ls [+kwc vkxkg gS ¼11½vkSj vYykg dh brkvr djks vkSj jlwy dh brkvr djks fQj vxj rqeus eq¡g Qsjk rks gekjsjlwy ij flQZ+ iSx+ke dk okt+s, djds igq¡pk nsuk Qt+Z gS ¼12½vYykg ¼og gS fd½ mlds flok dksbZ ekcwn ugha vkSj eksfeuks dks vYykg gh ij Hkjkslk djukpkfg, ¼13½,s bZekunkjksa rqEgkjh chfo;ksa vkSj rqEgkjh vkSykn esa ls ckt+ rqEgkjs nq'keu gSa rks rqe muls cps jgksvkSj vxj rqe ekQ dj nks njxqt+j djks vkSj c[+'k nks rks vYykg cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS¼14½rqEgkjs eky vkSj rqEgkjh vkSykns cl vkt+ekb'k gS vkSj vYykg ds ;gk¡ rks cM+k vtz ¼ekStwn½ gS¼15½rks tgk¡ rd rqe ls gks lds vYykg ls Mjrs jgks vkSj ¼mlds ,gdke½ lquks vkSj ekuksa vkSjviuh csgrjh ds okLrs ¼mldh jkg esa½ [+kpZ djks vkSj tks Ó[+l vius u+l dh fgjl ls cpkfy;k x;k rks ,sls gh yksx eqjknsa ikus okys gSa ¼16½vxj rqe vYykg dks dts+Z gluk nksxs rks og mldks rqEgkjs okLrs nwuk dj nsxk vkSj rqedks c[+'knsxk vkSj vYykg rks cM+k d+nznku o cqnZckj gS ¼17½iks'khnk vkSj t+kfgj dk tkuus okyk x+kfyc fgder okyk gS ¼18½

65 lwjg rykd+lwjg rykd+ enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ckjg ¼12½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s jlwy ¼eqlyekuksa ls dg nks½ tc rqe viuh chfo;ksa dks rykd+ nks rks mudh bn~nr ¼ikdh½ dsoD+r rykd+ nks vkSj bn~nk dk Óqekj j[kks vkSj vius ijojfnxkj vYykg ls Mjks vkSj ¼bn~ns dsvUnj½ muds ?kj ls mUgsa u fudkyks vkSj og [+kqn Hkh ?kj ls u fudysa exj tc og dksbZ ljhghcsg;kbZ dk dke dj cSBsa ¼rks fudky nsus esa eqt+k;dk ugha½ vkSj ;s vYykg dh ¼eqd+jZj dh gq;h½gnsa gSa vkSj tks vYykg dh gnksa ls rtkmt+ djsxk rks mlus vius Åij vki t+qYe fd;k rks rwugha tkurk Ók;n vYykg mlds ckn dksbZ ckr iSnk djs ¼ftlls enZ iNrk, vkSj esy gks tk,½¼1½rks tc ;s viuk bn~nk iwjk djus ds djhc igq¡ps rks ;k rqe mUgsa mUkokus ÓkbLrk ls jksd yks ;kvPNh rjg :[+klr gh dj nks vkSj ¼rykd+ ds oD+r½ vius yksxksa esa ls nks vkfnyksa dks xokgd+jkj ns yks vkSj xokgksa rqe vYykg ds okLrs Bhd Bhd xokgh nsuk bu ckrksa ls ml Ó[+l dksulhgr dh tkrh gS tks vYykg vkSj jksts+ vk[+ksjr ij bZeku j[krk gks vkSj tks vYykg ls Mjsxkrks vYykg mlds fy, utkr dh lwjr fudky nsxk ¼2½vkSj mldks ,slh txg ls fjT+kd+ nsxk tgk¡ ls oge Hkh u gks vkSj ftlus vYykg ij Hkjkslkfd;k rks og mlds fy, dkQh gS cs'kd vYykg vius dke dks iwjk djds jgrk gS vYykg usgj pht+ dk ,d vUnkt+k eqd+jZj dj j[kk gS ¼3½vkSj tks vkSjrsa gSt+ ls ek;wl gks pqdh vxj rqe dks muds bn~ns esa Ód gksoss rks mudk bn~nk rhueghus gS vkSj ¼vyk gkt+y d+;kl½ og vkSjrsa ftudks gSt+ gqvk gh ugha vkSj gkesyk vkSjrksa dkbn~nk mudk cPpk tuuk gS vkSj tks vYykg ls Mjrk gS vYykg mlds dke es lgwfyr iSnkdjsxk ¼4½;s vYykg dk gqD+e gS tks vYykg us rqe ij ukft+y fd;k gS vkSj tks vYykg Mjrk jgsxk rksog mlds xqukg mlls nwj dj nsxk vkSj mls cM+k njtk nsxk ¼5½eqryd+k vkSjrksa dks ¼bn~ns rd½ vius ed+nwj eqrkfcd ns j[kks tgk¡ rqe [+kqn jgrs gks vkSj mudksrax djus ds fy, mudks rdyhQ u igq¡pkvks vkSj vxj og gkesyk gks rks cPpk tuus rd mudk

[kpZ nsrs jgks fQj ¼tuus ds ckn½ vxj og cPps dks rqEgkjh [k+kfrj nw/k fiyk, rks mUgsa mudh¼equkflc½ mtjr ns nks vkSj ckge lykfg;r ls nLrwj ds eqrkfcd ckr phr djks vkSj vxj rqeckge d'k e d'k djks rks cPps dks mlds ¼cki dh½ [k+kfrj ls dksbZ vkSj vkSjr nw/k fiyk nsxh¼6½xqUtkb'k okys dks viuh xqUtkb'k ds eqrkfcd+ [+kpZ djuk pkfg, vkSj ftldh jkst+h rax gks ogftruk vYykg us mls fn;k gS mlesa ls [kpZ djs vYykg us ftldks ftruk fn;k gS cl mlh dseqrkfcd+ rdyhQ+ fn;k djrk gS vYykg vudjhc gh raxh ds ckn Q+jk[+kh vrk djsxk ¼7½vkSj cgqr lh cfLr;ksa ¼okys½ us vius ijojfnxkj vkSj mlds jlwyksa ds gqD+e ls ljd'kh dh rksgeus mudk cM+h l[+rh ls fglkc fy;k vkSj mUgsa cqjs vt+kc dh lt+k nh ¼8½rks mUgksus vius dke dh lt+k dk et+k p[k fy;k vkSj muds dke dk vUtke ?kkVk gh Fkk ¼9½vYykg us muds fy, l[+r vt+kc rS;kj dj j[kk gS rks ,s vD+yeUnksa tks beku yk pqds gksvYykg ls Mjrs jgks vYykg us rqEgkjs ikl ¼viuh½ ;kn d+qjku vkSj viuk jlwy Hkst fn;k gS¼10½tks rqEgkjs lkeus okt+s, vk;rsa i

66 lwjg rgjhelwjg rgjhe enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ckjg ¼12½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s jlwy tks pht+ vYykg us rqEgkjs fy, gyky dh gS rqe mlls viuh chfo;ksa dh [+kq'kuwnh dsfy, D;ksa fdukjk d'kh djks vkSj vYykg rks cM+k c[+'kus okyk esgjcku gS ¼1½vYykg us rqe yksxksa ds fy, d+leksa dks rksM+ Mkyus dk d+Q+kj eqd+jZj dj fn;k gS vkSj vYykggh rqEgkjk dkjlkt+ gS vkSj ogh okfd+Q+dkj fgder okyk gS ¼2½vkSj tc iSx+Ecj us viuh ckt+ choh ¼gQ+lk½ ls pqids ls dksbZ ckr dgh fQj tc mlus ¼ckotwneqekfu;r½ ml ckr dh ¼vk;'kk dks½ [+kcj ns nh vkSj vYykg us bl vez dks jlwy ij t+kfgjdj fn;k rks jlwy us ¼vk; 'kk dks½ ckt+ ckr ¼fdLlk ekfj;k½ trk nh vkSj ckt+ ckr ¼fdLlk,Ógn½ Vky nh x+jt+ tc jlwy us bl okfd+;s ¼gQ+lk ds vk;'kk, jkt+½ fd ml ¼vk;'kk½ dks[+kcj nh rks gSjr ls cksy mBha vkidks bl ckr ¼vk;'kk, jkt+½ dh fdlus [+kcj nh jlwy usdgk eq>s cM+s okfd+Q+dkj [+kcjnkj ¼vYykg½ us crk fn;k ¼3½¼rks ,s gQ+lk o vk;'kk½ vxj rqe nksuksa ¼bl gjdr ls½ rkSck djks rks [+kSj D;ksafd rqe nksuksa dsfny Vs

¼tc dq+Q+kj nkst+[+k ds lkeus vk,¡xs rks dgk tk,xk½ dkfQ+jksa vkt cgkus u s t+kfye yksxks ¼ds gkFk½ ls NqVdkjkvrk Q+jek ¼11½vkSj ¼nwljh felky½ bejku dh csVh efj;e ftlus viuh ÓeZxkg dks egQwt+ j[kk rks geus mlesa:g Qwad nh vkSj mlus vius ijojfnxkj dh ckrksa vkSj mldh fdrkcksa dh rLnhd+ dh vkSjQjekcjnkjksa esa Fkh ¼12½

67 lwjg eqYdlwjg eqYd eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh rhl ¼30½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSftl ¼vYykg½ ds dCt+s esa ¼lkjs tgk¡u dh½ ckn'kkgr gS og cM+h cjdr okyk gS vkSj og gjpht+ ij dkfnj gS ¼1½ftlus ekSr vkSj ft+Unxh dks iSnk fd;k rkfd rqEgsa vkt+ek, fd rqeesa ls dke esa lcls vPNkdkSu gS vkSj og x+kfyc ¼vkSj½ cM+k c[+'kus okyk gS ¼2½ftlus lkr vkleku rys Åij cuk Mkys Hkyk rq>s vYykg dh vkQ+fju'k esa dksbZ dlj ut+jvkrh gS rks fQj vk¡[k mBkdj ns[k Hkyk rq>s dksbZ fÓx+kQ+ ut+j vkrk gS ¼3½fQj nqckjk vk¡[k mBk dj ns[kks rks ¼gj ckj rsjh½ ut+j ukdke vkSj Fkd dj rsjh rjQ iyVvk,xh ¼4½vkSj geus uhps okys ¼igys½ vkleku dks ¼rkjksa ds½ fpjkx+ksa ls t+hur nh gS vkSj geus mudksÓSrkuksa ds ekjus dk vkyk cuk;k vkSj geus muds fy, ngdrh gq;h vkx dk vt+kc rS;kj djj[kk gS ¼5½vkSj tks yksx vius ijojfnxkj ds equfdj gSa muds fy, tgUuqe dk vt+kc gS vkSj og ¼cgqr½cqjk fBdkuk gS ¼6½tc ;s yksx blesa Mkys tk,¡xs rks mldh cM+h ph[+k lqusaxs vkSj og tks'k ekj jgh gksxh ¼7½cfYd xks;k ekjs tks'k ds QV iM+sxh tc mlesa ¼mudk½ dksbZ fxjksg Mkyk tk,xk rks muls nkjksx+,tgUuqe iwNsxk D;k rqEgkjs ikl dksbZ Mjkus okyk iSx+Ecj ugha vk;k Fkk ¼8½og dgsaxs gkW gekjs ikl Mjkus okyk rks t+:j vk;k Fkk exj geus mldks >qByk fn;k vkSj dgkfd vYykg us rks dqN ukft+y gh ugha fd;k rqe rks cM+h ¼xgjh½ xqejkgh esa ¼iM+s½ gks ¼9½vkSj ¼;s Hkh½ dgsaxs fd vxj ¼mudh ckr½ lqurs ;k le>rs rc rks ¼vkt½ nkst+f[+k;ksa esa u gksrs¼10½

x+jt+ og vius xqukg dk bd+jkj dj ysaxs rks nkst+f[k+;ksa dks vYykg dh jger ls nwjh gS ¼11½cs'kd tks yksx vius ijojfnxkj ls csns[ks Hkkyss Mjrs gSa muds fy, ex+Qsjr vkSj cM+k Hkkjh vtzgS ¼12½vkSj rqe viuh ckr fNidj dgks ;k [kqYye [kqYyk og rks fny ds Hksnksa rd ls [+kwc okfd+Q+ gS¼13½Hkyk ftlus iSnk fd;k og rks cs[+kcj vkSj og rks cM+k ckjhdchu okfd+Q+dkj gS ¼14½ogh rks gS ftlus t+ehu dks rqEgkjs fy, uje ¼o geokj½ dj fn;k rks mlds vrjkQ+ o tokfucesa pyks fQjks vkSj mldh ¼nh gq;h½ jkst+h [kkvks ¼15½vkSj fQj mlh dh rjQ d+cz ls mB dj tkuk gS D;k rqe ml Ó[+l ls tks vkleku esa ¼gqdwerdjrk gS½ bl ckr ls cs[+kkSQ+ gks fd rqedks t+ehu esa /kWlk ns fQj og ,dckjxh myV iqyV djusyxs ¼16½;k rqe bl ckr ls cs[+kkSQ gks fd tks vkleku esa ¼lYrur djrk½ gS fd rqe ij iRFkj Hkjhvk¡/kh pyk, rks rqEgsa vud+jhsc gh ekywe gks tk,xk fd esjk Mjkuk dSlk gS ¼17½vkSj tks yksx muls igys Fks mUgksus >qByk;k Fkk rks ¼ns[kks½ fd esjh uk[+kq'kh dSlh Fkh ¼18½D;k mu yksxksa us vius ljksa ij fpfM+;ksa dks mM+rs ugha ns[kk tks ijksa dks QSyk, jgrh gSa vkSjlesV ysrh gSa fd vYykg ds flok mUgsa dksbZ jksds ugha jg ldrk cs'kd og gj pht+ dks ns[kjgk gS ¼19½Hkyk vYykg ds flok ,slk dkSu gS tks rqEgkjh Q+kSt cudj rqEgkjh enn djs dkfQ+j yksx rks/kks[ks gh ¼/kks[ks½ esa gSa Hkyk vYykg vxj viuh ¼nh gq;h½ jkst+h jksd ys rks dkSu ,slk gS tksrqEgsa fjt+d+ ns ¼20½exj ;s dq+Q+kj rks ljd'kh vkSj uQ+jr ¼ds Hk¡oj½ esa Q¡ls gq, gSa Hkyk tks Ó[+l vkSa/ks eq¡g dscky pys og T+;knk fgnk;r ;krk gksxk ¼21½

;k og Ó[+l tks lh/kk cjkcj jkgs jkLr ij py jgk gks ¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd vYykg rksogh gS ftlus rqedks fur u;k iSnk fd;k ¼22½vkSj rqEgkjs okLrs dku vkSj vk¡[k vkSj fny cuk, ¼exj½ rqe rks cgqr de Óqdz vnk djrs gks¼23½dg nks fd ogh rks gS ftlus rqedks t+ehu esa QSyk fn;k vkSj mlh ds lkeus tek fd, tkvksxs¼24½vkSj dq+Q+kj dgrs gSa fd vxj rqe lPps gks rks ¼vkf[+kj½ ;s ok;nk dc ¼iwjk½ gksxk ¼25½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ¼bldk½ bYe rks cl vYykg gh dks gS vkSj eSa rks flQZ lkQ+ lkQ+¼vt+kc ls½ Mjkus okyk gw¡ ¼26½rks tc ;s yksx mls djhc ls ns[k ysaxs ¼[+kkSQ ds ekjs½ dkfQjksa ds psgjs fcxM+ tk,¡xs vkSj mulsdgk tk,xk ;s ogh gS ftlds rqe [+kokLrx+kj Fks ¼27½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks Hkyk ns[kks rks fd vxj vYykg eq>dks vkSj esjs lkfFk;ksa dks gykd dj ns;k ge ij jge Qjek, rks dkfQ+jksa dks nnZukd vt+kc ls dkSu iukg nsxk ¼28½rqe dg nks fd ogh ¼vYykg½ cM+k jge djus okyk gS ftl ij ge bZeku yk, gSa vkSj geus rksmlh ij Hkjkslk dj fy;k gS rks vud+jhc gh rqEgsa ekywe gks tk,xk fd dkSu ljhgh xqejkgh esa¼iM+k½ gS ¼29½,s jlwy rqe dg nks fd Hkyk ns[kks rks fd vxj rqEgkjk ikuh t+ehu ds vUnj pyk tk, dkSu,slk gS tks rqEgkjs fy, ikuh dk p'ek cgk yk, ¼30½

68 lwjg d+yelwjg d+ye eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ckou ¼52½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSuwu d+ye dh vkSj ml pht+ dh tks fy[krh gS a ¼mldh½ d+le gS ¼1½fd rqe vius ijojfnxkj ds Q+t+y ¼o dje½ ls nhokus ugha gks ¼2½vkSj rqEgkjs okLrs ;d+huu og vtz gS tks dHkh [k+Re gh u gksxk ¼3½vkSj cs 'kd rqEgkjs ,[+kykd+ cM+s vkyk ntsZ ds gSa ¼4½rks vud+jhc gh rqe Hkh ns[kksxs vkSj ;s dq+Q+kj Hkh ns[k ysaxs ¼5½fd rqeesa nhokuk dkSu gS ¼6½cs'kd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj buls [+kwc okfd+Q+ gS tks mldh jkg ls HkVds gq, gSa vkSj ogh fgnk;r;k+rk yksxksa dks Hkh [+kwc tkurk gS ¼7½rks rqe >qBykus okyksa dk dguk u ekuuk ¼8½og yksx ;s pkgrs gSa fd vxj rqe ujeh ,[+rs;kj djks rks og Hkh uje gks tk,¡ ¼9½vkSj rqe ¼dgha½ ,sls ds dgus esa u vkuk tks cgqr d+lesa [kkrk t+yhy vkSd+kr ,sctw ¼10½tks vkyk ntsZ dk pqx+y[k+ksj eky dk cgqr c[+khy ¼11½gn ls c

tc mlds lkeus gekjh vk;rsa i

fQj yxs ,d nwljs ds eq¡g nj eq¡g eyker djus ¼30½¼vkf[+kj½ lcus bd+jkj fd;k fd gk, vQlksl cs'kd ge gh [+kqn ljd'k Fks ¼31½mEehn gS fd gekjk ijojfnxkj gesa blls csgrj ckx+ buk;r Q+jek, ge vius ijojfnxkj dhrjQ :tw djrs gSa ¼32½¼ns[kks½ ;w¡ vt+kc gksrk gS vkSj vk[+skjr dk vt+kc rks blls dgha crsgksa ¼33½cs'kd ijgst+xkj yksx vius ijojfnxkj ds ;gk¡ ,'kks vkjke ds ckx+ksa esa gksaxs ¼34½rks D;k ge Qjekcjnkjksa dks ukQ+jekuks ds cjkcj dj nsaxs ¼35½¼gjfxt+ ugha½ rqEgsa D;k gks x;k gS rqe rqe dSlk gqD+e yxkrs gks ¼36½;k rqEgkjs ikl dksbZ bZekuh fdrkc gS ftlesa rqe iqdh gq;h gksaxh :lokbZ mu ij NkbZ gksxh vkSj ¼nqfu;k esa½ ;s yksx ltns ds fy,cqyk, tkrs vkSj gVVs dVVs rUn:Lr Fks ¼43½

ks eq>s ml dyke ds >qBykus okys ls le> ysus nks ge mudks vkfgLrk vkfgLrk bl rjg idM+ysaxs fd mudks [+kcj Hkh u gksxh ¼44½vkSj eSa mudks eksgyr fn;s tkrk gw¡ cs'kd esjh rnchj et+cwr gS ¼45½¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqe muls ¼rcyhx+s fjlkyr dk½ dqN flyk ek¡xrs gks fd mu ij rkoku dk cks>iM+ jgk gS ¼46½;k muds bl x+Sc ¼dh [+kcj½ gS fd ;s yksx fy[k fy;k djrs gSa ¼47½rks rqe vius ijojfnxkj ds gqDe ds bUrst+kj es a lcz djks vkSj eNyh ¼dk fuokyk gksus½ okys¼;wuql½ ds ,sls u gks tkvks fd tc og x+qLls esa Hkjs gq, Fks vkSj vius ijojfnxkj dks iqdkjk¼48½vxj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh esgjckuh mudh ;kojh u djrh rks pfV;y eSnku esa Mky fn, tkrsvkSj mudk cqjk gky gksrk ¼49½rks muds ijojfnxkj us mudks cjxqt+hnk djds usdksdkjksa ls cuk fn;k ¼50½vkSj dq+Q+kj tc d+qjku dks lqurs gSa rks ekywe gksrk gS fd ;s yksx rqEgsa ?kwj ?kwj dj ¼jkg jkLrlss½ t+:j fQlyk nsaxs ¼51½vkSj dgrs gSa fd ;s rks flM+h gSa vkSj ;s ¼d+qjku½ rks lkjs tgk¡u dh ulhgr gS ¼52½

69 lwjg gkD+d+klwjg gkD+d+k eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ckou ¼52½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSlp eqp gksus okyh ¼d+;ker½ ¼1½vkSj lp eqp gksus okyh D;k pht+ gS ¼2½vkSj rqEgsa D;k ekywe fd og lp eqp gksus okyh D;k gS ¼3½¼ogh½ [kM+ [kM+kus okyh ¼ftl½ dks vkn o lewn us >qByk;k ¼4½x+jt+ lewn rks fpa?kkM+ ls gykd dj fn, x, ¼5½jgs vkn rks og cgqr Ónhn rst+ vk¡/kh ls gykd dj fn, x, ¼6½vYykg us mls lkr jkr vkSj vkB fnu yxkdj mu ij pyk;k rks yksxksa dks bl rjg

vkSj t+ehu vkSj igkM+ mBkdj ,d ckjxh ¼Vdjk dj½ jst+k jst+k dj fn, tk,¡xs rks ml jkst+d+;ker vk gh tk,xh ¼14½vkSj vkleku QV tk,xk ¼15½rks og ml fnu cgqr Qql Qqlk gksxk vkSj Q+fj'rs muds fdukjs ij gksaxs ¼16½vkSj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ds v'kZ dks ml fnu vkB Q+fj'rs vius ljksa ij mBk, gksaxs ¼17½ml fnu rqe lc ds lc ¼vYykg ds lkeus½ is'k fd, tkvksxs vkSj rqEgkjh dksbZ iks'khnk ckrNqih u jgsxh ¼18½rks ftldks ¼mldk uke, vkeky½ nkfgus gkFk esa fn;k tk,xk rks og ¼yksxks ls½ dgsxk yhft,esjk uke, vkeky ifs esjk fglkc ¼fdrkc½ t+:j feysxk ¼20½fQj og fny ilUn ,s'k esa gksxk ¼21½cM+s vkyh'kku ckx+ esa ¼22½ftuds Qy cgqr >qds gq, d+jhc gksaxs ¼23½tks dkjxqt+kfj;k¡ rqe xqft+'krk v¸;ke essa djds vkxs Hkst pqds gks mlds flys esa et+s ls [kkvksfi;ks ¼24½vkSj ftldk uke, vkeky muds ck,¡ gkFk esa fn;k tk,xk rks og dgsxk ,s dk'k eq>s esjk uke,vey u fn;k tkrk ¼25½vkSj eq>s u ekywy gksrk fd esjk fglkc D;k gS ¼26½,s dk'k ekSr us ¼ges'kk ds fy, esjk½ dke reke dj fn;k gksrk ¼27½¼vQ+lksl½ esjk eky esjs dqN Hkh dke u vk;k ¼28½

¼gk,½ esjh lYrur [+kkd esa fey x;h ¼fQj gqD+e gksxk½ ¼29½bls fxj+rkj djds rkSd+ iguk nks ¼30½fQj bls tgUuqe esa >ksad nkss] ¼31½fQj ,d t+athj esa ftldh uki lRrj xt+ dh gS mls [+kwc tdM+ nks ¼32½¼D;ksa fd½ ;s u rks cqt+qZx vYykg gh ij bZeku ykrk Fkk vkSj u eksgrkt ds f[kykus ij vkeknk¼yksxksa dks½ djrk Fkk ¼33½rks vkt u mldk dksbZ x+e[+okj gS ¼34½vkSj u ihi ds flok ¼mlds fy,½ dqN [kkuk gS ¼35½ftldks xqusgxkjksa ds flok dksbZ ugha [kk,xk ¼36½rks eq>s mu pht+ksa dh d+le gS ¼37½tks rqEgsa fn[kkbZ nsrh gSa ¼38½vkSj tks rqEgsa ugha lq>kbZ nsrh fd cs'kd ;s ¼d+qjku½ ¼39½,d eksvft+t+ Qfj'rs dk yk;k gqvk iSx+ke gS ¼40½vkSj ;s fdlh Ók;j dh rqd cUnh ugha rqe yksx rks cgqr de bZeku ykrs gks ¼41½vkSj u fdlh dkfgu dh ¼[+;kyh½ ckr gS rqe yksx rks cgqr de x+kSj djrs gks ¼42½lkjs tgk¡u ds ijojfnxkj dk ukft+y fd;k gqvk ¼d+yke½ gS ¼43½vxj jlwy gekjh fuLcr dksbZ >wB ckr cuk ykrs ¼44½rks ge mudk nkfguk gkFk idM+ ysrs ¼45½

fQj ge t+:j mudh xnZu mM+k nsrs ¼46½rks rqeesa ls dksbZ muls ¼eq>s jksd u ldrk½ ¼47½;s rks ijgst+xkjksa ds fy, ulhgr gS ¼48½vkSj ge [+kwc tkurs gSa fd rqe esa ls dqN yksx ¼blds½ >qBykus okys gSa ¼49½vkSj blesa Ód ugha fd ;s dkfQ+jksa dh gljr dk ck,l gS ¼50½vkSj blesa Ód ugha fd ;s ;d+huu cjgd+ gS ¼51½rks rqe vius ijojfnxkj dh rlchg djks ¼52½

70 lwjg vy evkfjteDds esa ukft+y gqvk vkSj bldh pkSokyhl ¼44½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,d ek¡xus okys us dkfQjksa ds fy, gksdj jgus okys vt+kc dks ek¡xk ¼1½ftldks dksbZ Vky ugha ldrk ¼2½tks ntsZ okys vYykg dh rjQ ls ¼gksus okyk½ Fkk ¼3½ftldh rjQ Q+fj'rs vkSj :gqy vehu p

vkSj ftrus vkneh t+ehu ij gSa lc dks ys ys vkSj mldks NqVdkjk ns nsa ¼14½¼exj½ ;s gjfxt+ u gksxk ¼15½tgUuqe dh og HkM+drh vkx gS fd [kky m/ksM+ dj j[k nsxh ¼16½¼vkSj½ mu yksxksa dks viuh rjQ cqykrh gksxh ¼17½ftUgksaus ¼nhu ls½ ihB Qsjh vkSj eq¡g eksM+k vkSj ¼eky tek fd;k½ ¼18½vkSj cUn dj j[kk cs'kd bUlku cM+k ykyph iSnk gqvk gS ¼19½tc mls rd+yhQ Nw Hkh x;h rks ?kcjk x;k ¼20½vkSj tc mls t+jk Qjkx+h gkfly gq;h rks c[+khy cu cSBk ¼21½exj tks yksx uekt+ i

ks tks yksx muds flok vkSj ds [+kkLrxkj gksa rks ;gh yksx gn ls c

71 lwjg uwglwjg uwg eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh mUrhl ¼29½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSgeus uwg dks mldh d+kSe ds ikl ¼iSx+Ecj cukdj½ Hkstk fd d+Cy mlds fd mudh d+kSe ijnnZukd vt+kc vk, mudks mlls Mjkvks ¼1½rks uwg ¼viuh d+kSe ls½ dgus yxs ,s esjh d+kSe eSa rks rqEgsa lkQ+ lkQ+ Mjkrk ¼vkSj le>krk½ gw¡¼2½fd rqe yksx vYykg dh bcknr djks vkSj mlh ls Mjks vkSj esjh brkvr djks ¼3½vYykg rqEgkjs xqukg c[+'k nsxk vkSj rqEgsa ¼ekSr ds½ eqd+jZj oD+r rd ckd+h j[ksxk] cs'kd tcvYykg dk eqd+jZj fd;k gqvk oD+r vk tkrk gS rks ihNs gVk;k ugha tk ldrk vxj rqe le>rsgksrs ¼4½¼tc yksxksa us u ekuk rks½ vt+Z dh ijojfnxkj eSa viuh d+kSe dks ¼bZeku dh rjQ½ cqykrk jgk¼5½ysfdu og esjs cqykus ls vkSj T+;knk xqjst+ gh djrs jgs ¼6½vkSj eSus tc mudks cqyk;k fd ¼;s rkSck djsa vkSj½ rw mUgsa ekQ dj ns rks mUgksus vius dkuksa esamWxfy;k¡ ns yha vkSj eq>ls fNius dks diM+s vks

vkSj eky vkSj vkSykn esa rjD+d+h nsxk] vkSj rqEgkjs fy, ckx+ cuk,xk] vkSj rqEgkjs fy, ugjsa tkjhdjsxk ¼12½rqEgsa D;k gks x;k gS fd rqe vYykg dh vt+er dk t+jk Hkh [+;ky ugha djrs ¼13½gkykWfd mlh us rqedks rjg rjg dk iSnk fd;k ¼14½D;k rqeus x+kSj ugha fd;k fd vYykg us lkr vkleku Åij rysa D;ksa dj cuk, ¼15½vkSj mlh us mlesa pk¡n dks uwj cuk;k vkSj lwjt dks jkS'ku fpjkx+ cuk fn;k ¼16½vkSj vYykg gh rqedks t+ehu ls iSnk fd;k ¼17½fQj rqedks mlh esa nksckjk ys tk,xk vkSj ¼d+;ker esa mlh ls½ fudky dj [kM+k djsxk ¼18½vkSj vYykg gh us t+ehu dks rqEgkjs fy, Q+'kZ cuk;k ¼19½rkfd rqe mlds cM+s cM+s dq'kknk jkLrksa esa pyks fQjks ¼20½¼fQj½ uwg us vt+Z dh ijojfnxkj bu yksxksa us esjh ukQ+jekuh dh ml Ó[+l ds rkcsnkj cu dsftlus muds eky vkSj vkSykn esa uqd+lku ds flok Q+k;nk u igq¡pk;k ¼21½vkSj mUgksaus ¼esjs lkFk½ cM+h eDdkfj;k¡ dh ¼22½vkSj ¼myVs½ dgus yxs fd vkius ekcwnksa dks gjfxt+ u NksM+uk vkSj u on dks vkSj lqvk dks vkSju ;xwl vkSj ;Åd+ o ulz dks NksM+uk ¼23½vkSj mUgksaus cgqrsjksa dks xqejkg dj NksM+k ¼24½vkSj rw ¼mu½ t+kfyeksa dh xqejkgh dks vkSj cksads x, rks muyksxksa us vYykg ds flok fdlh dks viuk ennxkj u ik;k ¼26½

vkSj uwg us vt+Z dh ijojfnxkj ¼bu½ dkfQ+jksa esa :, t+ehu ij fdlh dks clk gqvk u jgus ns¼27½D;ksafd vxj rw mudks NksM+ nsxk rks ;s ¼fQj½ rsjs cUnksa dks xqejkg djsaxs vkSj mudh vkSykn Hkhxqukgxkj vkSj dV~Vh dkfQj gh gksxh ¼28½ijojfnxkj eq>dks vkSj esjs ek¡ cki dks vkSj tks eksfeu esjs ?kj esa vk, mudks vkSj reke bZekunkjenksZa vkSj eksfeu vkSjrksa dks c[+'k ns vkSj ¼bu½ t+kfyeksa dh cl rckgh dks vkSj T+;knk dj ¼29½

72 lwjg ftulwjg ftu eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh vBkbl ¼28½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼,s jlwy yksxksa ls½ dg nks fd esjs ikl ^ogh* vk;h gS fd ftuksa dh ,d tekvr us ¼d+qjkudks½ th yxkdj lquk rks dgus yxs fd geus ,d vthc d+qjku lquk gS ¼1½tks HkykbZ dh jkg fn[kkrk gS rks ge ml ij bZeku ys vk, vkSj vc rks ge fdlh dks viusijojfnxkj dk Ójhd u cuk,¡xs ¼2½vkSj ;s fd gekjs ijojfnxkj dh Óku cgqr cM+h gS mlus u ¼fdlh dks½ choh cuk;k vkSj u csVkcsVh ¼3½vkSj ;s fd geesa ls ckt+ csodwQ vYykg ds ckjs esa gn ls T+;knk yx+ks ckrsa fudkyk djrs Fks¼4½vkSj ;s fd gekjk rks [+;ky Fkk fd vkneh vkSj ftu vYykg dh fuLcr >wBh ckr ugha cksyldrs ¼5½vkSj ;s fd vknfe;ksa esa ls dqN yksx ftUukr esa ls ckt+ yksxksa dh iukg idM+k djrs Fks rks¼blls½ mudh ljd'kh vkSj c

vkSj ;s fd ge ugha le>rs fd mlls vgys t+ehu ds gd+ esa cqjkbZ ed+lwn gS ;k mudsijojfnxkj us mudh HkykbZ dk bjknk fd;k gS ¼10½vkSj ;s fd geesa ls dqN yksx rks usdksdkj gSa vkSj dqN yksx vkSj rjg ds ge yksxksa ds Hkh rksdbZ rjg ds fQjdsa gSa ¼11½vkSj ;s fd ge le>rs Fks fd ge t+ehu esa ¼jg dj½ vYykg dks gjfxt+ gjk ugha ldrs gSavkSj u Hkkx dj mldks vkftt+ dj ldrs gSa ¼12½vkSj ;s fd tc geus fgnk;r ¼dh fdrkc½ lquh rks mu ij bZeku yk, rks tks Ó[+l viusijojfnxkj ij bZeku yk,xk rks mldks u uqd+lku dk [+kkSQ+ gS vkSj u t++qYe dk ¼13½vkSj ;s fd ge esa ls dqN yksx rks Q+jekcjnkj gSa vkSj dqN yksx ukQ+jeku rks tks yksxQ+jekcjnkj gSa rks og lh/ks jkLrs ij pysa vkSj jgsa ¼14½ukQjeku rks og tgUuqe ds dqUns cus ¼15½vkSj ¼,s jlwy rqe dg nks½ fd vxj ;s yksx lh/kh jkg ij d+k;e jgrs rks ge t+:j mudksvyx+kjksa ikuh ls lsjkc djrs ¼16½rkfd mlls mudh vkt+ekbZ'k djsa vkSj tks Ó[+l vius ijojfnxkj dh ;kn ls eq¡g eksM+sxk rks ogmldks l[+r vt+kc es a >ksad nsxk ¼17½vkSj ;s fd efLtnsa [+kkl vYykg dh gSa rks yksxksa vYykg ds lkFk fdlh dh bcknu u djuk¼18½vkSj ;s fd tc mldk cUnk ¼eksgEen½ mldh bcknr dks [kM+k gksrk gS rks yksx mlds fxnZ gqtwedjds fxj iM+rs gSa ¼19½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eSa rks vius ijojfnxkj dh bcknr djrk gww¡ vkSj mldk fdlh dksÓjhd ugha cukrk ¼20½¼;s Hkh½ dg nks fd eSa rqEgkjs gd+ esa u cqjkbZ gh dk ,[+rs;kj j[krk gw¡ vkSj u HkykbZ dk ¼21½

¼;s Hkh½ dg nks fd eq>s vYykg ¼ds vt+kc½ ls dksbZ Hkh iukg ugha ns ldrk vkSj u eSa mldsflok dgha iukg dh txg ns[krk gw¡ ¼22½vYykg dh rjQ ls ¼,gdke ds½ igq¡pk nsus vkSj mlds iSx+keksa ds flok ¼dqN ugha dj ldrk½vkSj ftlus vYykg vkSj mlds jlwy dh ukQjekuh dh rks mlds fy, ;d+huu tgUuqe dh vkx gSftlesa og ges'kk vkSj vcknqy vkckn rd jgsxk ¼23½;gk¡ rd fd tc ;s yksx mu pht+ksa dks ns[k ysaxs ftudk muls ok;nk fd;k tkrk gS rks mudksekywe gks tk,xk fd fdlds ennxkj det+ksj vkSj fdldk Óqekj de gS ¼24½¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eSa ugha tkurk fd ftl fnu dk rqels ok;nk fd;k tkrk gS d+jhc gS;k esjs ijojfnxkj us mldh eqn~nr njkt+ dj nh gS ¼25½¼ogh½ x+ScokW gS vkSj viuh x+Sc dh ckrs fdlh ij t+kfgj ugha djrk ¼26½exj ftl iSx+Ecj dks ilUn Qjek, rks mlds vkxs vkSj ihNs fuxsgcku Qfj'rs eqd+jZj dj nsrk gS¼27½rkfd ns[k ys fd mUgksaus vius ijojfnxkj ds iSx+kekr igq¡pk fn, vkSj ¼;w¡ rks½ tks dqN muds iklgS og lc ij gkoh gS vkSj mlus rks ,d ,d pht+ fxu j[kh gSa ¼28½

73 lwjg eqt+fEeylwjg eqt+fEey eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh chl ¼20½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s ¼esjs½ pknj yisVs jlwy ¼1½jkr dks ¼uekt+ ds okLrs½ [kM+s jgks exj ¼iwjh jkr ugha½ ¼2½FkksM+h jkr ;k vk/kh jkr ;k blls Hkh dqN de dj nks ;k mlls dqN cqBykus okyksa ls tks nkSyreUn gSa le> ysus nks vkSj mudks FkksM+h lh eksgyr ns nks¼11½cs'kd gekjs ikl csfM+;k¡ ¼Hkh½ gSa vkSj tykus okyh vkx ¼Hkh½ ¼12½vkSj xys esa Q¡lus okyk [kkuk ¼Hkh½ vkSj nq[k nsus okyk vt+kc ¼Hkh½ ¼13½

ftl fnu t+ehu vkSj igkM+ yjt+us yxsaxs vkSj igkM+ jsr ds Vhys ls Hkqj Hkqjs gks tk,¡xs ¼14½¼,s eDdk okyksa½ geus rqEgkjs ikl ¼mlh rjg½ ,d jlwy ¼eksgEen½ dks Hkstk tks rqEgkjs ekeys esaxokgh ns ftl rjg fQjvkÅu ds ikl ,d jlwy ¼ewlk½ dks Hkstk Fkk ¼15½rks fQjvkÅu us ml jlwy dh ukQ+jekuh dh rks geus Hkh ¼mldh lt+k esa½ mldks cgqr l[+ridM+k ¼16½rks vxj rqe Hkh u ekuksxs rks ml fnu ¼ds vt+kc½ ls D;ksa dj cpksxs tks cPpksa dks cw

74 lwjg eqn~nfLljlwjg eqn~nfLlj eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh NIiu ¼56½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s ¼esjs½ diM+k vkss vkSj ml Ó[+l dks NksM+ nks ftls eSus vdsyk iSnk fd;k ¼11½vkSj mls cgqr lk eky fn;k ¼12½vkSj ut+j ds lkeus jgus okys csVs ¼fn,½ ¼13½vkSj mls gj rjg ds lkeku ls oqlvr nh ¼14½

fQj ml ij Hkh og rekv j[krk gS fd eSa vkSj c

Zeku vkSj T+;knk gks vkSj vgys fdrkc vkSj eksfeuhu ¼fdlh rjg½ Ód u djsa vkSj ftu yksxksa dsfny esa ¼fuQ+kd dk½ et+Z gS ¼og½ vkSj dkfQj yksx dg cSBs fd bl ely ¼ds c;ku djus½ lsvYykg dk D;k eryc gS ;w¡ vYykg ftls pkgrk gS xqejkgh esa NksM+ nsrk gS vkSj ftls pkgrkgS fgnk;r djrk gS vkSj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj ds y'kdjksa dks mlds flok dksbZ ugha tkurk vkSj ;srks vknfe;ksa ds fy, cl ulhgr gS ¼31½lqu j[kks ¼gesa½ pk¡n dh d+le ¼32½vkSj jkr dh tc tkus yxs ¼33½vkSj lqcg dh tc jkS'ku gks tk, ¼34½fd og ¼tgUuqe½ Hkh ,d cgqr cM+h ¼vkQ+r½ gS ¼35½¼vkSj½ yksxksa ds Mjkus okyh gS ¼36½¼lcds fy, ughsa cfYd½ rqeesa ls og tks Ó[+l ¼usdh dh rjQ+½ vkxs c

;gk¡ rd fd gesa ekSr vk x;h ¼47½rks ¼ml oD+r½ mUgsa flQ+kfj'k djus okyksa dh flQ+kfj'k dqN dke u vk,xh ¼48½vkSj mUgsa D;k gks x;k gS fd ulhgr ls eq¡g eksM+s gq, gSa ¼49½xks;k og og'kh x/ks gSa ¼50½fd Ósj ls ¼nqe nck dj½ Hkkxrs gSa ¼51½vly ;s gS fd muesa ls gj Ó[+l bldk eqrebuh gS fd mls [kqyh gq;h ¼vklekuh½ fdrkcsa vrkdh tk,¡ ¼52½;s rks gjfxt+ u gksxk cfYd ;s rks vk[+ksjr gh ls ugha Mjrs ¼53½gk¡ gk¡ cs'kd ;s ¼d+qjku ljk lj½ ulhgr gS ¼54½rks tks pkgs mls ;kn j[ks ¼55½vkSj vYykg dh e'kh;r ds cx+Sj ;s yksx ;kn j[kus okys ugha ogh ¼cUnksa ds½ Mjkus ds d+kfcyvkSj cf[+Ó'k dk ekfyd gS ¼56½

75 lwjg d+;kerlwjg d+;ker eDds esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh pkyhl ¼40½ vk;rsa gSvYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSeSa jksts+ d+;ker dh d+le [kkrk gw¡ ¼1½¼vkSj cqjkbZ ls½ eyker djus okys th dh d+le [kkrk gw¡ ¼fd rqe lc nksckjk½ t+:j ft+Unk fd,tkvksxs ¼2½D;k bUlku ;s [+;ky djrk gS ¼fd ge mldh gfM~M;ksa dks ckslhnk gksus ds ckn½ tek u djsaxsgk¡ ¼t+:j djsaxsa½ ¼3½ge bl ij d+kfnj gSa fd ge mldh iksj iksj nq:Lr djsa ¼4½exj bUlku rks ;s tkurk gS fd vius vkxs Hkh ¼ges'kk½ cqjkbZ djrk tk, ¼5½iwNrk gS fd d+;ker dk fnu dc gksxk ¼6½rks tc vk¡[ks pdkpkSU/k esa vk tk,¡xh ¼7½vkSj pk¡n xgu esa yx tk,xk ¼8½vkSj lwjt vkSj pk¡n bdV~Bk dj fn, tk,¡xs ¼9½rks bUlku dgsxk vkt dgk¡ Hkkx dj tkÅ¡ ¼10½;d+hu tkuksa dgha iukg ugha ¼11½ml jkst+ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj gh ds ikl fBdkuk gS ¼12½ml fnu vkneh dks tks dqN mlds vkxs ihNs fd;k gS crk fn;k tk,xk ¼13½

cfYd bUlku rks vius Åij vki xokg gS ¼14½vxjps og vius xqukgksa dh mtz o t+:j ekt+sjr ik fd vc ¼lcls½ tqnkbZ gS ¼28½vkSj ¼ekSr dh rdyhQ+ ls½ fiUMyh ls fiUMyh fyiV tk,xh ¼29½ml fnu rqedks vius ijojfnxkj dh ckjxkg esa pyuk gS ¼30½

ks mlus ¼x+Qyr esa½ u ¼dykes vYykg dh½ rlnhd+ dh u uekt+ iqByk;k vkSj ¼bZeku ls½ eq¡g Qsjk ¼32½vius ?kj dh rjQ brjkrk gqvk pyk ¼33½vQlksl gS rq> ij fQj vQlksl gS fQj rqQ+ gS ¼34½rq> ij fQj rqQ+ gS ¼35½D;k bUlku ;s le>rk gS fd og ;w¡ gh NksM+ fn;k tk,xk ¼36½D;k og ¼bCrsnu½ euh dk ,d d+rjk u Fkk tks jge esa Mkyh tkrh gS ¼37½fQj yksFkM+k gqvk fQj vYykg us mls cuk;k ¼38½fQj mls nq:Lr fd;k fQj mldh nks fdLesa cuk;ha ¼,d½ enZ vkSj ¼,d½ vkSjr ¼39½D;k bl ij d+kfnj ugha fd ¼d+;ker esa½ eqnksZa dks ft+Unk dj ns ¼40½

76 lwjg ngjlwjg ngj eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh bdrhl ¼31½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gScs'kd bUlku ij ,d ,slk oD+r vk pqdk gS fd og dksbZ pht+ d+kfcys ft+Ø u Fkk ¼1½geus bUlku dks e[+kywr uqRQs+ ls iSnk fd;k fd mls vkt+ek;s rks geus mls lqurk ns[krk cuk;k¼2½vkSj mldks jkLrk Hkh fn[kk fn;k ¼vc og½ [+okg Óqdz xqt+kj gks [+okg u ÓqØk ¼3½geus dkfQ+jksa ds t+athjs] rkSd vkSj ngdrh gq;h vkx rS;kj dj j[kh gS ¼4½cs'kd usdksdkj yksx Ójkc ds og lkxj fi;saxs ftlesa dkQw+j dh vkesft+'k gksxh ;s ,d p'ek gSftlesa ls vYykg ds ¼[k+kl½ cUns fi;saxs ¼5½vkSj tgk¡ pkgsaxs cgk ys tk,¡xs ¼6½;s og yksx gSa tks ut+jsa iwjh djrs gSa vkSj ml fnu ls ftudh l[+rh gj rjg QSyh gksxh Mjrs gSa¼7½vkSj mldh eksgCcr esa eksgrkt vkSj ;rhe vkSj vlhj dks [kkuk f[kykrs gSa ¼8½¼vkSj dgrs gSa fd½ ge rks rqedks cl [+kkfyl vYykg ds fy, f[kykrs gSa ge u rqe ls cnysds [+kkLrxkj gSa vkSj u ÓqØ xqt+kjh ds ¼9½gedks rks vius ijojfnxkj ls ml fnu dk Mj gS ftlesa eq¡g cu tk,¡xs ¼vkSj½ psgjs ij gokb;k¡mM+rh gksaxh ¼10½rks vYykg mUgsa ml fnu dh rdyhQ+ ls cpk ysxk vkSj mudks rkt+xh vkSj [+kq'kfnyh vrkQjek,xk ¼11½

vkSj muds lcz ds cnys ¼csfg'r ds½ ckx+ vkSj js'ke ¼dh iks'kkd½ vrk Q+jek,xk ¼12½ogk¡ og r[+rksa ij rfd, yxk, ¼cSBs½ gksaxs u ogk¡ ¼vkQrkc dh½ /kwi ns[ksaxs vkSj u f'kn~nr dhlnhZ ¼13½vkSj ?kus nj[+rksa ds lk, mu ij >qds gq, gksaxs vkSj esoksa ds xqPNs muds cgqr d+jhc gj rjgmuds ,[+rs;kj esa ¼14½vkSj muds lkeus pk¡nh ds lkx+j vkSj Óh'ks ds fugk;r Ó+Q+kQ+ fxykl dk nkSj py jgk gksxk¼15½vkSj Óh'ks Hkh ¼dk¡p ds ugha½ pk¡nh ds tks Bhd vUnkt+s ds eqrkfcd cuk, x, gSa ¼16½vkSj ogk¡ mUgsa ,slh Ójkc fiykbZ tk,xh ftlesa tutchy ¼ds ikuh½ dh vkesft+'k gksxh ¼17½;s csg'r esa ,d p'ek gS ftldk uke lylchy gS ¼18½vkSj muds lkeus ges'kk ,d gkyr ij jgus okys ukStoky yM+ds pDdj yxkrs gksaxs fd tc rqemudks ns[kks rks le>ks fd fc[kjs gq, eksrh gSa ¼19½vkSj tc rqe ogk¡ fuxkg mBkvksxs rks gj rjg dh usver vkSj vt+heq'k 'kku lYrur ns[kksxs ¼20½muds Åij lCt+ Øsc vkSj vryl dh iks'kkd gksxh vkSj mUgsa pk¡nh ds daxu iguk, tk,¡xs vkSjmudk ijojfnxkj mUgsa fugk;r ikdht+k Ójkc fiyk,xk ¼21½;s ;d+huh rqEgkjs fy, gksxk vkSj rqEgkjh ¼dkjxqt+kfj;ksa ds½ flys esa vkSj rqEgkjh dksf'k'k d+kfcysÓqØ xqt+kjh gS ¼22½¼,s jlwy½ geus rqe ij d+qjku dks j+rk j+rk djds ukft+y fd;k ¼23½rks rqe vius ijojfnxkj ds gqDe ds bUrt+kj esa lcz fd, jgks vkSj mu yksxksa esa ls xqukgxkj vkSjuk'kqØs dh iSjoh u djuk ¼24½lqcg Óke vius ijojfnxkj dk uke ysrs jgks ¼25½

vkSj dqN jkr x, mldk ltnk djks vkSj cM+h jkr rd mldh rLchg djrs jgks ¼26½;s yksx ;d+huu nqfu;k dks ilUn djrs gSa vkSj cM+s Hkkjh fnu dks vius ils iq'r NksM+ cSBs gSa¼27½geus mudks iSnk fd;k vkSj muds vkt+k dks et+cwr cuk;k vkSj vxj ge pkgsa rks muds cnysmUgha ds tSls yksx ys vk,¡ ¼28½cs'kd ;s dq+jku ljklj ulhgr gS rks tks Ó[+l pkgs vius ijojfnxkj dh jkg ys ¼29½vkSj tc rd vYykg dks eat+wj u gks rqe yksx dqN Hkh pkg ugha ldrs cs'kd vYykg cM+kokfd+Qdkj nkuk gS ¼30½ftldks pkgs viuh jger esa nkf[+ky dj ys vkSj t+kfyeksa ds okLrs mlus nnZukd vt+kc rS;kj djj[kk gS ¼31½

77 lwjg eqjlykrlwjg eqjlykr eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ipkl ¼50½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSgokvksa dh d+le tks ¼igys½ /kheh pyrh gSa ¼1½fQj t+ksj idM+ ds vk¡/kh gks tkrh gSa ¼2½vkSj ¼cknyksa dks½ mHkkj dj QSyk nsrh gSa ¼3½fQj ¼mudks½ QkM+ dj tqnk dj nsrh gSa ¼4½fQj Qfj'rksa dh d+le tks ogh ykrs gSa ¼5½rkfd gqTtr reke gks vkSj Mjk fn;k tk, ¼6½fd ftl ckr dk rqels ok;nk fd;k tkrk gS og t+:j gksdj jgsxk ¼7½fQj tc rkjksa dh ped tkrh jgsxh ¼8½vkSj tc vkleku QV tk,xk ¼9½vkSj tc igkM+ ¼:bZ dh rjg½ mM+s mM+s fQjsaxs ¼10½vkSj tc iSx+Ecj yksx ,d eqv¸;u oD+r ij tek fd, tk,¡xs ¼11½¼fQj½ Hkyk bu ¼ckrksa½ esa fdl fnu ds fy, rk[+khj dh x;h gS ¼12½Q+Slys ds fnu ds fy, ¼13½vkSj rqedks D;k ekywe dh Q+Slys dk fnu D;k gS ¼14½

ml fnu >qBykus okyksa dh feV~Vh [+kjkc gS ¼15½D;k geus vxyksa dks gykd ugha fd;k ¼16½fQj muds ihNs ihNs fiNyksa dks Hkh pyrk djsaxs ¼17½ge xqusgxkjksa ds lkFk ,slk gh fd;k djrs gSa ¼18½ml fnu >qBykus okyksa dh feV~Vh [+kjkc gS ¼19½D;k geus rqedks t+yhy ikuh ¼euh½ ls iSnk ugha fd;k ¼20½fQj geus mldks ,d eqv¸;u oD+r rd ¼21½,d egQwt+ ed+ke ¼jge½ esa j[kk ¼22½fQj ¼mldk½ ,d vUnkt+k eqd+jZj fd;k rks ge dSlk vPNk vUnkt+k eqd+jZj djus okys gSa ¼23½mu fnu >qBykus okyksa dh [+kjkch gS ¼24½D;k geus t+ehu dks ft+Unksa vkSj eqnksZa dks lesVus okyh ugha cuk;k ¼25½vkSj mlesa Å¡ps Å¡ps vVy igkM+ j[k fn, ¼26½vkSj rqe yksxksa dks ehBk ikuh fiyk;k ¼27½ml fnu >qBykus okyksa dh [+kjkch gS ¼28½ftl pht+ dks rqe >qByk;k djrs Fks vc mldh rjQ+ pyks ¼29½¼/kq,¡ ds½ lk;s dh rjQ+ pyks ftlds rhu fgLls gSa ¼30½ftlesa u BUMd gS vkSj u tgUuqe dh yid ls cpk,xk ¼31½

mlls brus cM+s cM+s v¡xkjs cjlrs gksaxs tSls egy ¼32½xks;k t+nZ jax ds Å¡V gSa ¼33½ml fnu >qBykus okyksa dh [+kjkch gS ¼34½;s og fnu gksxk fd yksx yc rd u fgyk ldsaxs ¼35½vkSj mudks btkt+r nh tk,xh fd dqN mtz ekvt+sjr dj ldsa ¼36½ml fnu >qBykus okyksa dh rckgh gS ¼37½;gh QSlys dk fnu gS ¼ftl esa½ geus rqedks vkSj vxyksa dks bdV~Bk fd;k gS ¼38½rks vxj rqEgsa dksbZ nk¡o djuk gks rks vkvks py pqdks ¼39½ml fnu >qBykus okyksa dh [+kjkch gS ¼40½cs'kd ijgst+xkj yksx ¼nj[+rksa dh½ ?kuh Nk¡o esa gksaxs ¼41½vkSj p'eksa vkSj vknfe;ksa esa tks mUgsa ejx+wc gks ¼42½¼nqfu;k esa½ tks vey djrs Fks mlds cnys esa et+s ls [kkvks fi;ks ¼43½eqckjd ge usdksdkjksa dks ,slk gh cnyk fn;k djrs gSa ¼44½ml fnu >qBykus okyksa dh [+kjkch gS ¼45½¼>qBykus okyksa½ pUn fnu pSu ls [kk ih yks rqe cs'kd xqusgxkj gks ¼46½ml fnu >qBykus okyksa dh feV~Vh [+kjkc gS ¼47½vkSj tc muls dgk tkrk gS fd :dwm djksa rks :dwm ugha djrs ¼48½

ml fnu >qBykus okyksa dh [+kjkch gS ¼49½vc blds ckn ;s fdl ckr ij bZeku yk,¡xs ¼50½

78 lwjg ucklwjg uck eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj mldh pkyhl ¼40½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS;s yksx vkil esa fdl pht+ dk gky iwNrs gSa ¼1½,d cM+h [+kcj dk gky ¼2½ftlesa yksx ,[+rsykQ dj jgs gSa ¼3½ns[kks mUgsa vud+jhc gh ekywe gks tk,xk ¼4½fQj bUgsa vud+jhc gh t+:j ekywe gks tk,xk ¼5½D;k geus t+ehu dks fcNkSuk ¼6½vkSj igkM+ksa dks ¼t+ehu½ dh es[k+s ugha cuk;k ¼7½vkSj geus rqe yksxksa dks tksM+k tksM+k iSnk fd;k ¼8½vkSj rqEgkjh uhan dks vkjke ¼dk ckbl½ d+jkj fn;k ¼9½vkSj jkr dks ijnk cuk;k ¼10½vkSj ge gh us fnu dks ¼dlc½ evk'k ¼dk oD+r½ cuk;k ¼11½vkSj rqEgkjs Åij lkr et+cwr ¼vkleku½ cuk, ¼12½vkSj ge gh us ¼lwjt½ dks jkS'ku fpjkx+ cuk;k ¼13½vkSj ge gh us cknyksa ls ewlyk/kkj ikuh cjlk;k ¼14½

kfd mlds t+fj, ls nkus vkSj lct+h ¼15½vkSj ?kus ?kus ckx+ iSnk djsa ¼16½cs'kd QSlys dk fnu eqd+jZj gS ¼17½ftl fnu lwj Qw¡dk tk,xk vkSj rqe yksx fxjksg fxjksg gkft+j gksxs ¼18½vkSj vkleku [kksy fn, tk,¡xs ¼19½rks ¼mlesa½ njokt+s gks tk,¡xs vkSj igkM+ ¼viuh txg ls½ pyk, tk,¡xs rks jsr gksdj jg tk,¡xs¼20½cs'kd tgUuqe ?kkr esa gS ¼21½ljd'kksa dk ¼ogh½ fBdkuk gS ¼22½mlesa eqn~nrksa iM+s >hadrs jgsaxsa ¼23½u ogk¡ BUMd dk et+k p[ksaxs vkSj u [kkSyrs gq, ikuh ¼24½vkSj cgrh gq;h ihi ds flok dqN ihus dks feysxk ¼25½¼;s mudh dkjLrkfu;ksa dk½ iwjk iwjk cnyk gS ¼26½cs'kd ;s yksx vk[+ksjr ds fglkc dh mEehn gh u j[krs Fks ¼27½vkSj bu yksxks gekjh vk;rksa dks cqjh rjg >qByk;k ¼28½vkSj geus gj pht+ dks fy[k dj eut+cr dj j[kk gS ¼29½rks vc rqe et+k p[kks gerks rqe ij vt+kc gh c

¼;kfu csg'r ds½ ckx+ vkSj vaxwj ¼32½vkSj og vkSjrsa ftudh mBrh gq;h tokfu;k¡ ¼33½vkSj ckge getksfy;k¡ gSa vkSj Ójkc ds ycjst+ lkx+j ¼34½vkSj Ójkc ds ycjst+ lkx+j ogk¡ u csgwnk ckr lqusaxs vkSj u >wB ¼35½¼;s½ rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh rjQ ls dkQ+h buke vkSj flyk gS ¼36½tks lkjs vkleku vkSj t+ehu vkSj tks bu nksuksa ds chp esa gS lcdk ekfyd gS cM+k esgjckuyksxksa dks mlls ckr dk iwjk u gksxk ¼37½ftl fnu ftcjhy vkSj Qfj'rs ¼mlds lkeus½ ij ck¡/k dj [kM+s gksaxs ¼ml fnu½ mlls dksbZ ckru dj ldsxk exj ftls vYykg btkt+r ns vkSj og fBdkus dh ckr dgs ¼38½og fnu cjgd+ gS rks tks Ó[+l pkgs vius ijojfnxkj dh ckjxkg esa ¼viuk½ fBdkuk cuk, ¼39½geus rqe yksxksa dks vud+jhc vkus okys vt+kc ls Mjk fn;k ftl fnu vkneh vius gkFkksa igys lsHksts gq, ¼vkeky½ dks ns[ksxk vkSj dkfQ+j dgsxk dk'k eSa [k+kd gks tkrk ¼40½

79 lwjg ukt+svkrlwjg ukts+vkr eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh fN;kyhl ¼46½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSmu ¼Q+fj'rksa½ dh d+le ¼1½tks ¼dq+Q+kj dh :g½ Mwc dj l[+rh ls [khap ysrs gSa ¼2½vkSj mudh d+le tks ¼eksfeuhu dh tku½ vklkuh ls [kksy nsrs gSa ¼3½vkSj mudh d+le tks ¼vkleku t+ehu ds njfe;ku½ iSjrs fQjrs gSa ¼4½fQj ,d ds vkxs cqdh gq;h gksaxh ¼9½dq+Q+kj dgrs gSa fd D;k ge myVs ik¡o ¼ft+Unxh dh rjQ+½ fQj ykSVsaxs ¼10½D;k tc ge [kks[ky gfM~M;k¡ gks tk,¡xs ¼11½dgrs gSa fd ;s ykSVuk rks cM+k uqd+lku nsg gS ¼12½og ¼d+;ker½ rks ¼xks;k½ cl ,d l[+r ph[+k gksxh ¼13½vkSj yksx ;d ckjxh ,d eSnku ¼g'kz½ esa ekStwn gksaxs ¼14½

¼,s jlwy½ D;k rqEgkjs ikl ewlk dk fdLlk Hkh igq¡pk gS ¼15½tc mudks ijojfnxkj us rwok ds eSnku esa iqdkjk fd fQ+jvkÅu ds ikl tkvks ¼16½og ljd'k gks x;k gS ¼17½¼vkSj mlls½ dgks fd D;k rsjh [+okfg'k gS fd ¼dqÝ ls½ ikd gks tk, ¼18½vkSj eSa rq>s rsjs ijojfnxkj dh jkg crk nw¡ rks rq>dks [+kkSQ ¼iSnk½ gks ¼19½x+jt+ ewlk us mls ¼vlk dk cM+k½ ekSftt+k fn[kk;k ¼20½rks mlus >qByk fn;k vkSj u ekuk ¼21½fQj ihB Qsj dj ¼f[+kykQ+ dh½ rnchj djus yxk ¼22½fQj ¼yksxksa dks½ tek fd;k vkSj cqyUn vkokt+ ls fpYyk;k ¼23½rks dgus yxk eSa rqe yksxksa dk lcls cM+k ijojfnxkj gw¡ ¼24½rks vYykg us mls nqfu;k vkSj vk[+ksjr ¼nksuksa½ ds vt+kc esa fxjrkj fd;k ¼25½cs'kd tks Ó[+l ¼vYykg ls½ Mjs mlds fy, bl ¼fdLls½ essa bcjr gS ¼26½Hkyk rqEgkjk iSnk djuk T+;knk eqf'dy gS ;k vkleku dk ¼27½fd mlh us mldks cuk;k mldh Nr dks [+kwc Å¡pk j[kk ¼28½fQj mls nq:Lr fd;k vkSj mldh jkr dks rkjhd cuk;k vkSj ¼fnu dks½ mldh /kwi fudkyh ¼29½vkSj mlds ckn t+ehu dks QSyk;k ¼30½mlh esa ls mldk ikuh vkSj mldk pkjk fudkyk ¼31½

vkSj igkM+ksa dks mlesa xkM+ fn;k ¼32½¼;s lc lkeku½ rqEgkjs vkSj rqEgkjs pkjik;ks ds Q+k;ns ds fy, gS ¼33½rks tc cM+h l[+r eqlhcr ¼d+;ker½ vk ekStwn gksxh ¼34½ftl fnu bUlku vius dkeksa dks dqN ;kn djsxk ¼35½vkSj tgUuqe ns[kus okyksa ds lkeus t+kfgj dj nh tk,xh ¼36½rks ftlus ¼nqfu;k esa½ lj mBk;k Fkk ¼37½vkSj nqfu;koh ft+Unxh dks rjthg nh Fkh ¼38½mldk fBdkuk rks ;d+huu nkst+[+k gS ¼39½exj tks Ó[+l vius ijojfnxkj ds lkeus [kM+s gksus ls Mjrk vkSj th dks uktk;t+ [+okfg'kksa lsjksdrk jgk ¼40½rks mldk fBdkuk ;d+huu csg'r gS ¼41½¼,s jlwy½ yksx rqe ls d+;ker ds ckjs esa iwNrs gSa ¼42½fd mldk dgha Fky csM+k Hkh gS ¼43½rks rqe mlds ft+Ø ls fdl fQ+Ø esa gks ¼44½ml ¼ds bYe½ dh bUrsgk rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj gh rd gS rks rqe cl tks mlls Mjs mldks Mjkusokys gks ¼45½ftl fnu og yksx bldks ns[ksaxs rks ¼le>saxs fd nqfu;k esa½ cl ,d Óke ;k lqcg Bgjs Fks ¼46½

80 lwjg vcllwjg vcl eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh c;kyhl ¼42½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSog viuh ckr ij p° c tc° gks x;k ¼1½vkSj eq¡g Qsj cSBk fd mlds ikl ukchuk vk x;k ¼2½vkSj rqedks D;k ekywe Ók;n og ¼rkyhe ls½ ikdht+xh gkfly djrk ¼3½;k og ulhgr lqurk rks ulhgr mlds dke vkrh ¼4½rks tks dqN ijokg ug° djrk ¼5½mlds rks rqe njiS gks tkrs gks gkykWfd vxj og u lq/kjs ¼6½rks rqe ft+Eesnkj ugha ¼7½vkSj tks rqEgkjs ikl yidrk gqvk vkrk gS ¼8½vkSj ¼vYykg ls½ Mjrk gS ¼9½rks rqe mlls cs:[+kh djrs gks ¼10½ns[kks ;s ¼d+qjku½ rks ljklj ulhgr gS ¼11½rks tks pkgs bls ;kn j[ks ¼12½¼ykSgs egQwt+ ds½ cgqr eksvt+ft+t vkSjkd+ esa ¼fy[kk gqvk½ gS ¼13½cqyUn ejrck vkSj ikd gSa ¼14½

¼,sls½ fy[kus okyksa ds gkFkksa esa gS ¼15½tks cqt+qxZ usdksdkj gSa ¼16½bUlku gykd gks tk, og D;k dSlk ukÓqØk gS ¼17½¼vYykg us½ mls fdl pht+ ls iSnk fd;k ¼18½uqRQs ls mls iSnk fd;k fQj mldk vUnkt+k eqd+jZj fd;k ¼19½fQj mldk jkLrk vklku dj fn;k ¼20½fQj mls ekSr nh fQj mls dcz esa nQ+u djk;k ¼21½fQj tc pkgsxk mBk [kM+k djsxk ¼22½lp rks ;g gS fd vYykg us tks gqD+e mls fn;k mlus mldks iwjk u fd;k ¼23½rks bUlku dks vius ?kkVs gh rjQ x+kSj djuk pkfg, ¼24½fd ge gh us ¼ckny½ ls ikuh cjlk;k ¼25½fQj ge gh us t+ehu ¼nj[+r mxkdj½ phjh QkM+h ¼26½fQj geus mlesa vukt mxk;k ¼27½vkSj vaxwj vkSj rjdkfj;k¡ ¼28½vkSj t+Srwu vkSj [ktwjsa ¼29½vkSj ?kus ?kus ckx+ vkSj esos ¼30½vkSj pkjk ¼;s lc dqN½ rqEgkjs vkSj rqEgkjs ¼31½

pkjik;ksa ds Qk;ns ds fy, ¼cuk;k½ ¼32½rks tc dkuksa ds ijns QkM+us okyh ¼d+;ker½ vk ekStwn gksxh ¼33½ml fnu vkneh vius HkkbZ ¼34½vkSj viuh ek¡ vkSj vius cki ¼35½vkSj vius yM+ds ckyksa ls Hkkxsxk ¼36½ml fnu gj Ó[+l ¼viuh utkr dh½ ,slh fQ+Ø esa gksxk tks mlds ¼eÓx+wy gksus ds½ fy, dkQ+hgksa ¼37½cgqr ls psgjs rks ml fnu pedrs gksaxs ¼38½[+kUnk¡ Óknk¡ ¼;gh usdks dkj gSa½ ¼39½vkSj cgqr ls psgjs ,sls gksaxs ftu ij xnZ iM+h gksxh ¼40½ml ij fl;kgh NkbZ gq;h gksxh ¼41½;gh dq+Q+kj cndkj gSa ¼42½

81 lwjg rdohjlwjg rd+ohj eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh 29 vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSftl oD+r vkQ+rkc dh pknj dks yisV fy;k tk,xk ¼1½vkSj ftl oD+r rkjs fxj iMs+xsa ¼2½vkSj tc igkM+ pyk, tk,Wxsa ¼3½vkSj tc vud+jhc tuus okyh ÅWVfu;kW csdkj dj nh tk,Wxh ¼4½vkSj ftl oD+r ogÓh tkuoj bdV~Bk fd;s tk;saxs ¼5½vkSj ftl oD+r nfj;k vkx gks tk;saxs ¼6½vkSj ftl oD+r #gsa gfì;ksa ls feyk nh tk,Wxh ¼7½vkSj ftl oD+r ft+Unk nj xksj yM+dh ls iwNk tk,xk ¼8½fd og fdl xqukg ds cnys ekjh x;h ¼9½vkSj ftl oD+r ¼vkeky ds½ nrj [kksys tk,W ¼10½vkSj ftl oD+r vkleku dk fNydk mrkjk tk,xk ¼11½vkSj tc nkst+[k+ ¼dh vkx½ HkM+dk;h tk,xh ¼12½vkSj tc csfg 'r d+jhc dj nh tk,xh ¼13½rc gj Ó[+l ekywe djsxk fd og D;k ¼vkeky½ ysdj vk;k ¼14½

ks eq>s mu flrkjksa dh d+le tks pyrs pyrs ihNs gV tkrs ¼15½vkSj x+k;c gksrs gSa ¼16½vkSj jkr dh d+le tc [k+Re gksus dks vk, ¼17½vkSj lqcg dh d+le tc jkSÓu gks tk, ¼18½fd csÓd ;sa ¼d+qjku½ ,d eqvft+t+ Qfj 'rk ¼ftcjhy dh t+cku dk iSx+ke gS ¼19½tks cM+s d+oh vÓZ ds ekfyd dh ckjxkg esa cqyUn #rck gS ¼20½ogk¡ ¼lc Qfj 'rksa dk½ ljnkj vekurnkj gS ¼21½vkSj ¼eDds okyksa½ rqEgkjs lkFkh eksgEen nhokus ugha gSa ¼22½vkSj csÓd mUgksuas ftcjhy dks ¼vkleku ds½ [kqys ¼Ójd+h½ fdukjs ij ns[kk gS ¼23½vkSj og x+Sc dh ckrksa ds t+kfgj djus esa c[k+hy ugha ¼24½vkSj u ;g ejnwn ÓSrku dk d+kSy gS ¼25½fQj rqe dgk¡ tkrs gks ¼26½;s lkjs tgkWu ds yksxksa ds fy, cl ulhgr gS ¼27½¼exj½ mlh ds fy, tks rqeesa lh/kh jkg pys ¼28½vkSj rqe rks lkjs tgkWu ds ikyus okys vYykg ds pkgs cx+Sj dqN Hkh pkg ugha ldrs ¼29½

82 lwjg buQs+rkjlwjg buQ+srkj eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh mUuhl ¼19½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gStc vkleku r[+kZ tk,xk ¼1½vkSj tc rkjs >M+ iM+saxs ¼2½vkSj tc nfj;k cg ¼dj ,d nwljs ls fey½ tk,¡xs ¼3½vkSj tc dczsa m[kkM+ nh tk,¡xh ¼4½rc gj Ó[+l dks ekywe gks tk,xk fd mlus vkxs D;k Hkstk Fkk vkSj ihNs D;k NksM+k Fkk ¼5½,s bUlku rqe vius ijojfnxkj ds ckjs esa fdl pht+ us /kksdk fn;k ¼6½ftlus rq>s iSnk fd;k rks rq>s nq:Lr cuk;k vkSj equkflc vkt+k fn, ¼7½vkSj ftl lwjr esa mlus pkgk rsjs tksM+ cUn feyk, ¼8½gk¡ ckr ;s gS fd rqe yksx tt+k ¼ds fnu½ dks >qBykrs gks ¼9½gkykWfd rqe ij fuxsgcku eqd+jZj gSa ¼10½cqt+qZx yksx ¼Qfj 'rs lc ckrksa dks½ fy[kus okys ¼dsjkeu d+krschu½ ¼11½tks dqN rqe djrs gks og lc tkurs gSa ¼12½csÓd usdks dkj ¼csfg 'r dh½ usverksa esa gksaxs ¼13½vkSj cndkj yksx ;d+huu tgUuqe esa tt+k ds fnu ¼14½

mlh esa >ksads tk,¡xs ¼15½vkSj og yksx mlls Nqi u ldsaxs ¼16½vkSj rqEgsa D;k ekywe fd tt+k dk fnu D;k gS ¼17½fQj rqEgsa D;k ekywe fd tt+k dk fnu D;k pht+ gS ¼18½ml fnu dksbZ Ó[+l fdlh Ó[+l dh HkykbZ u dj ldsxk vkSj ml fnu gqDe flQZ vYykg ghdk gksxk ¼19½

83 lwjg eqrQ+hQ+hu+lwjg eqrQ+hQ+hu eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh NRrhl ¼36½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSuki rkSy esa deh djus okyksa dh [+kjkch gS ¼1½tks vkSjsa ls uki dj ys a rks iwjk iwjk ysa ¼2½vkSj tc mudh uki ;k rkSy dj nsa rks de dj nsa ¼3½D;k ;s yksx bruk Hkh [+;ky ugha djrs ¼4½fd ,d cM+s ¼l[+r½ fnu ¼d+;ker½ esa mBk, tk,¡xs ¼5½ftl fnu reke yksx lkjs tgk¡u ds ijojfnxkj ds lkeus [kM+s gksaxs ¼6½lqu j[kks fd cndkjksa ds uke , veky flTthu esa gSa ¼7½rqedks D;k ekywe flTthu D;k pht+ gS ¼8½,d fy[kk gqvk nQ+rj gS ftlesa Ó;krhu ds ¼vkeky ntZ gSa½ ¼9½ml fnu >qBykus okyksa dh [+kjkch gS ¼10½tks yksx jksts+ tt+k dks >qBykrs gSa ¼11½gkykWfd mldks gn ls fudy tkus okys xqukgxkj ds flok dksbZ ugha >qBykrk ¼12½tc mlds lkeus gekjh vk;rsa i

csÓd ;s yksx ml fnu vius ijojfnxkj ¼dh jger ls½ jksd fn, tk,¡xs ¼15½fQj ;s yksx t+:j tgUuqe okfly gksaxs ¼16½fQj muls dgk tk,xk fd ;s ogh pht+ rks gS ftls rqe >qByk;k djrs Fks ¼17½;s Hkh lqu j[kks fd usdks ds uke , veky bYyh;hu esa gksaxs ¼18½vkSj rqedks D;k ekywe fd bYyh;hu D;k gS og ,d fy[kk gqvk nQ+rj gS ¼19½ftlesa usdksa ds vkeky ntZ gSa ¼20½mlds ikl eqd+fjZc ¼Q+fj 'rs½ gkft+j gSa ¼21½csÓd usd yksx usverksa esa gksaxs ¼22½r[+rksa ij cSBs ut+kjs djsaxs ¼23½rqe muds psgjksa gh ls jkgr dh rkt+xh ekywe dj yksxs ¼24½mudks lj c eksgj [+kkfyl Ójkc fiyk;h tk,xh ¼25½ftldh eksgj fe 'd dh gksxh vkSj mldh rjQ vycRrk Ó;kd+hu dks jx+cr djuh pkfg, ¼26½vkSj ml ¼Ójkc½ esa rluhe ds ikuh dh vkesft+Ó gksxh ¼27½og ,d p 'ek gS ftlesa eqd+jschu fi;saxs ¼28½csÓd tks xqukgxkj eksfeuksa ls g¡lh fd;k djrs Fks ¼29½vkSj tc muds ikl ls xqt+jrs rks mu ij pÓed djrs Fks ¼30½vkSj tc vius yM+ds okyksa dh rjQ+ ykSV dj vkrs Fks rks brjkrs gq, ¼31½

vkSj tc mu eksfeuhu dks ns[krs rks dg cSBrs Fks fd ;s rks ;d+huh xqejkg gSa ¼32½gkykWfd ;s yksx mu ij dqN fuxjk¡ cuk ds rks Hksts ugha x, Fks ¼33½rks vkt ¼d+;ker esa½ bZekunkj yksx dkfQ+jksa ls g¡lh djsaxs ¼34½¼vkSj½ r[+rksa ij cSBs ut+kjs djsaxs ¼35½fd vc rks dkfQ+jksa dks muds fd, dk iwjk iwjk cnyk fey x;k ¼36½

84 lwjg bufÓd+kd+lwjg bufÓd+kd+ eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh iPphl ¼25½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gStc vkleku QV tk,xk ¼1½vkSj vius ijojfnxkj dk gqDe ctk yk,xk vkSj mls okftc Hkh ;gh gS ¼2½vkSj tc t+ehu ¼cjkcj djds½ rku nh tk,xh ¼3½vkSj tks dqN mlesa gS mxy nsxh vkSj fcYdqy [k+kyh gks tk,xh ¼4½vkSj vius ijojfnxkj dk gqDe ctk yk,xh ¼5½vkSj ml ij ykft+e Hkh ;gh gS ¼rks d+;ker vk tk,xh½ ,s bUlku rw vius ijojfnxkj dh gqt+wjhdh dksfÓÓ djrk gS ¼6½rks rw ¼,d u ,d fnu½ mlds lkeus gkft+j gksxk fQj ¼ml fnu½ ftldk ukek, vkeky mldsnkfgus gkFk esa fn;k tk,xk ¼7½mlls rks fglkc vklku rjhds+ ls fy;k tk,xk ¼8½vkSj ¼fQj½ og vius ¼eksfeuhu ds½ d+chys dh rjQ [+kq'k [+kq'k iyVsxk ¼9½ysfdu ftl Ó[+l dks mldk uke, vkey mldh ihB ds ihNs ls fn;k tk,xk ¼10½og rks ekSr dh nqvk djsxk ¼11½vkSj tgUuqe okfly gksxk ¼12½;s Ó[+l rks vius yM+ds ckyksa esa eLr jgrk Fkk ¼13½

vkSj le>rk Fkk fd dHkh ¼vYykg dh rjQ½ fQj dj tk,xk gh ugha ¼14½gk¡ mldk ijojfnxkj ;d+huh mldks ns[k Hkky dj jgk gS ¼15½rks eq>s Óke dh eq[k+hZ dh d+le ¼16½vkSj jkr dh vkSj mu pht+ksa dh ftUgsa ;s

85 lwjg cq:tlwjg cq:t eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ckbl ¼22½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gScqtksZa okys vklekuksa dh d+le ¼1½vkSj ml fnu dh ftldk ok;nk fd;k x;k gS ¼2½vkSj xokg dh vkSj ftldh xokgh nh tk,xh ¼3½mldh ¼fd dq+Q+kj eDdk gykd gq,½ ftl rjg [+kUnd+ okys gykd dj fn, x, ¼4½tks [+kUnd+sa vkx dh Fkha ¼5½ftlesa ¼mUgksaus eqlyekuksa ds fy,½ bZa/ku >ksad j[kk Fkk ¼6½tc og mu ¼[+kUnd+ksa½ ij cSBs gq, vkSj tks lqywd bZekunkjksa ds lkFk djrs Fks mldks lkeus ns[kjgs Fks ¼7½vkSj mudks eksfeuhu dh ;gh ckr cqjh ekywe gq;h fd og yksx vYykg ij bZeku yk, Fks tkst+cjnLr vkSj lt+kokj gEn gS ¼8½og ¼vYykg½ ftldh lkjs vkleku t+ehu esa cknÓkgr gS vkSj vYykg gj pht+ ls okfd+Q+ gS¼9½csÓd ftu yksxksa us bZekunkj enksZa vkSj vkSjrksa dks rdyhQsa nha fQj rkSck u dh muds fy,tgUuqe dk vt+kc rks gS gh ¼blds vykok½ tyus dk Hkh vt+kc gksxk ¼10½csÓd tks yksx bZeku yk, vkSj vPNs dke djrs jgs muds fy, og ckx+kr gSa ftuds uhps ugjsatkjh gSa ;gh rks cM+h dke;kch gS ¼11½csÓd rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dh idM+ cgqr l[+r gS ¼12½

ogh igyh nQ+k iSnk djrk gS vkSj ogh nksckjk ¼d+;ker esa ft+Unk½ djsxk ¼13½vkSj ogh cM+k c[+'kus okyk eksgCcr djus okyk gS ¼14½vÓZ dk ekfyd cM+k vkyhÓku gS ¼15½tks pkgrk gS djrk gS ¼16½D;k rqEgkjs ikl yÓdjksa dh [+kcj igq¡ph gS ¼17½¼;kfu½ fQjvkÅu o lewn dh ¼t+:j igq¡ph gS½ ¼18½exj dq+Q+kj rks >qBykus gh ¼dh fQ+ؽ esa gSa ¼19½vkSj vYykg mudks ihNs ls ?ksjs gq, gS ¼;s >qBykus ds d+kfcy ugha½ ¼20½cfYd ;s rks d+qjku ethn gS ¼21½tks ykSgs egQwt+ esa fy[kk gqvk gS ¼22½

86 lwjg rkfjd+lwjg rkfjd+ eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh lRrjg ¼17½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvkleku vkSj jkr dks vkus okys dh d+le ¼1½vkSj rqedks D;k ekywe jkr dks vkus okyk D;k gS ¼2½¼og½ pedrk gqvk rkjk gS ¼3½¼bl ckr dh d+le½ fd dksbZ Ó[+l ,slk ugha ftl ij fuxsgcku eqd+jZj ugha ¼4½rks bUlku dks ns[kuk pkfg, fd og fdl pht+ ls iSnk gqvk gaS ¼5½og mNyrs gq, ikuh ¼euh½ ls iSnk gqvk gS ¼6½tks ihB vkSj lhus dh gfM~M;ksa ds chp esa ls fudyrk gS ¼7½csÓd vYykg mlds nksckjk ¼iSnk½ djus ij t+:j dq+njr j[krk gS ¼8½ftl fnu fnyksa ds Hksn tk¡ps tk,¡xs ¼9½rks ¼ml fnu½ mldk u dqN t+ksj pysxk vkSj u dksbZ ennxkj gksxk ¼10½pDdj ¼[kkus½ okys vkleku dh d+le ¼11½vkSj QVus okyh ¼t+ehu dh d+le½ ¼12½csÓd ;s d+qjku d+kSys Q+Sly gS ¼13½vkSj yx+ks ugha gS ¼14½

csÓd ;s dq+Q+kj viuh rn~~chj dj jgs gSa ¼15½vkSj eSa viuh rn~chj dj jgk gw¡ ¼16½rks dkfQ+jksa dks eksgyr nks cl mudks FkksM+h lh eksgyr nks ¼17½

87 lwjg vkyklwjg vkyk eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh mUuhl ¼19½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s jlwy vius vkyhÓku ijojfnxkj ds uke dh rLchg djks ¼1½ftlus ¼gj pht+ dks½ iSnk fd;k ¼2½vkSj nq:Lr fd;k vkSj ftlus ¼mldk½ vUnkt+k eqd+jZj fd;k fQj jkg crk;h ¼3½vkSj ftlus ¼gSokukr ds fy,½ pkjk mxk;k ¼4½fQj [+k 'd mls fl;kg jax dk dwM+k dj fn;k ¼5½ge rqEgsa ¼,slk½ ikuk eqQ+hn gks le>rs jgks ¼9½tks [kkSQ j[krk gks og rks QkSjh le> tk,xk ¼10½vkSj cnc[+r mlls igyw rgh djsxk ¼11½tks ¼d+;ker esa½ cM+h ¼rst+½ vkx esa nkf[+ky gksxk ¼12½fQj u ogk¡ ejsxk gh u th;sxk ¼13½og ;d+huu fnyh eqjkn dks igq¡pk tks ¼fÓdZ ls½ ikd gks ¼14½

vkSj vius ijojfnxkj dk ft+Ø djrk vkSj uekt+ i

88 lwjg x+kfÓ;klwjg x+kf'k;k eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh NCchl ¼26½ vk;rsa gSvYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSHkyk rqedks kM+h ds flok muds fy, dksbZ [kkuk ugha ¼6½tks eksVkbZ iSnk djs u Hkw[k esa dqN dke vk,xk ¼7½¼vkSj½ cgqr ls psgjs ml fnu rjks rkt+k gksaxs ¼8½viuh dksfÓÓ ¼ds urhts½ ij Ókneku ¼9½,d vkyhÓku ckx+ esa ¼10½ogk¡ dksbZ yx+ks ckr lqusaxs gh ugha ¼11½mlesa p'esa tkjh gkasxs ¼12½mlesa Å¡ps Å¡ps r[+r fcNs gksaxs ¼13½vkSj ¼muds fdukjs½ fxykl j[ks gksaxs ¼14½

vkSj xk¡o rfd, d+rkj dh d+rkj yxs gksaxs ¼15½vkSj uQ+hl eluns fcNh gq;h ¼16½rks D;k ;s yksx Å¡V dh rjg x+kSj ugha djrs fd dSlk vthc iSnk fd;k x;k gS ¼17½vkSj vkleku dh rjQ fd D;k cqyUn cuk;k x;k gS ¼18½vkSj igkM+ksa dh rjQ+ fd fdl rjg [kM+s fd, x, gSa ¼19½vkSj t+ehu dh rjQ fd fdl rjg fcNk;h x;h gS ¼20½rks rqe ulhgr djrs jgks rqe rks cl ulhgr djus okys gks ¼21½rqe dqN mu ij njksx+k rks gks ugha ¼22½gk¡ ftlus eq¡g Qsj fy;k ¼23½vkSj u ekuk rks vYykg mldks cgqr cM+s vt+kc dh lt+k nsxk ¼24½csÓd mudks gekjh rjQ+ ykSV dj vkuk gS ¼25½fQj mudk fglkc gekjs ft+Ees gS ¼26½

89 lwjg Q+tzlwjg Qtz eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh rhl ¼30½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSlqcg dh d+le ¼1½vkSj nl jkrksa dh ¼2½vkSj t+qr o rkd+ dh ¼3½vkSj jkr dh tc vkus yxs ¼4½vD+yeUn ds okLrs rks t+:j cM+h d+le gS ¼fd dq+Q+kj ij t+:j vt+kc gksxk½ ¼5½D;k rqeus ns[kk ugha fd rqEgkjs vkn ds lkFk D;k fd;k ¼6½;kfu bje okys njkt+ d+n ¼7½ftudk fely reke ¼nqfu;k ds½ Ógjksa esa dksbZ iSnk gh ugha fd;k x;k ¼8½vkSj lewn ds lkFk ¼D;k fd;k½ tks oknh ¼d+jk½ esa iRFkj rjkÓ dj ?kj cukrs Fks ¼9½vkSj fQjvkÅu ds lkFk ¼D;k fd;k½ tks ¼lt+k ds fy,½ es[+ks j[krk Fkk ¼10½;s yksx eq[+krfyQ+ Ógjksa esa ljdÓ gks jgs Fks ¼11½vkSj muesa cgqr ls Q+lkn QSyk j[ks Fks ¼12½rks rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us mu ij vt+kc dk dksM+k yxk;k ¼13½csÓd rqEgkjk ijojfnxkj rkd esa gS ¼14½

ysfdu bUlku tc mldks mldk ijojfnxkj ¼bl rjg½ vkt+ekrk gS fd mldks bT+t+r o usvernsrk gS] rks dgrk gS fd esjs ijojfnxkj us eq>s bT+t+r nh gS ¼15½exj tc mldks ¼bl rjg½ vkt+ekrk gS fd ml ij jkst+h dks rax dj nsrk gS cksy mBrk gS fdesjs ijojfnxkj us eq>s t+yhy fd;k ¼16½gjfxt+ ugha cfYd rqe yksx u ;rhe dh [k+kfrjnkjh djrs gks ¼17½vkSj u eksgrkt dks [kkuk f[kykus dh rjx+hc nsrs gks ¼18½vkSj ehjkjk ds eky ¼gyky o gjke½ dks lesV dj p[k tkrs gks ¼19½vkSj eky dks cgqr gh vt+ht+ j[krs gks ¼20½lqu j[kks fd tc t+ehu dwV dwV dj jst+k jst+k dj nh tk,xh ¼21½vkSj rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj dk gqDe vkSj Q+fj 'rs drkj ds drkj vk tk,¡xs ¼22½vkSj ml fnu tgUuqe lkeus dj nh tk,xh ml fnu bUlku pkSadsxk exj vc pkSaduk dgk¡ ¼Q+k;nknsxk½ ¼23½¼ml oD+r½ dgsxk fd dkÓ eSus viuh ¼bl½ ft+Unxh ds okLrs dqN igys Hkstk gksrk ¼24½rks ml fnu vYykg ,slk vt+kc djsxk fd fdlh us oSlk vt+kc u fd;k gksxk ¼25½vkSj u dksbZ mlds tdM+us dh rjg tdM+sxk ¼26½¼vkSj dqN yksxksa ls dgsxk½ ,s bResuku ikus okyh tku ¼27½vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ+ py rw mlls [+kqÓ og rq> ls jkt+h ¼28½rks esjs ¼[+kkl½ cUnksa esa Ókfey gks tk ¼29½vkSj esjs csfg 'r esa nkf[+ky gks tk ¼30½

90 lwjg cynlwjg cyn eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh chl ¼20½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSeq>s bl Ógj ¼eDdk½ dh dle ¼1½vkSj rqe blh Ógj esa rks jgrs gks ¼2½vkSj ¼rqEgkjs½ cki ¼vkne½ vkSj mldh vkSykn dh d+le ¼3½geus bUlku dks eÓD+d+r esa ¼jgus okyk½ iSnk fd;k gS ¼4½D;k og ;s le>rk gS fd ml ij dksbZ dkcw u ik ldsxk ¼5½og dgrk gS fd eSus vyx+kjksa eky mM+k fn;k ¼6½D;k og ;s [+;ky j[krk gS fd mldks fdlh us ns[kk gh ugha ¼7½D;k geus mls nksuksa vk¡[ksa vkSj t+cku ¼8½vkSj nksuksa yc ugha fn, ¼t+:j fn,½ ¼9½vkSj mldks ¼vPNh cqjh½ nksuksa jkgsa Hkh fn[kk nha ¼10½fQj og ?kkVh ij ls gksdj ¼D;ksa½ ugha xqt+jk ¼11½vkSj rqedks D;k ekywe fd ?kkVh D;k gS ¼12½fdlh ¼dh½ xnZu dk ¼xqykeh ;k dtZ+ ls½ NqM+kuk ¼13½;k Hkw[k ds fnu fjÓrsnkj ;rhe ;k [+kkdlkj ¼14½eksgrkt dks ¼15½

[kkuk f[kykuk ¼16½fQj rks mu yksxksa esa ¼Ókfey½ gks tkrk tks bZeku yk, vkSj lcz dh ulhgr vkSj rjl [kkus dholh;r djrs jgs ¼17½;gh yksx [+kqÓ ulhc gSa ¼18½vkSj ftu yksxksa us gekjh vk;rksa ls bUdkj fd;k gS ;gh yksx cnc[+r gSa ¼19½fd mudks vkx esa Mky dj gj rjQ ls cUn dj fn;k tk,xk ¼20½

91 lwjg ÓEllwjg ÓEl eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh iUnzg ¼15½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSlwjt dh d+le vkSj mldh jkSÓuh dh ¼1½vkSj pk¡n dh tc mlds ihNs fudys ¼2½vkSj fnu dh tc mls pedk ns ¼3½vkSj jkr dh tc mls k fn;k ¼8½¼d+le gS½ ftlus ml ¼tku½ dks ¼xqukg ls½ ikd j[kk og rks dke;kc gqvk ¼9½vkSj ftlus mls ¼xqukg djds½ nck fn;k og ukeqjkn jgk ¼10½d+kSe elwn us viuh ljdÓh ls ¼lkysg iSx+Ecj dks½ >qByk;k] ¼11½tc muesa dk ,d cM+k cnc[+r mB [kM+k gqvk ¼12½rks vYykg ds jlwy ¼lkysg½ us muls dgk fd vYykg dh Å¡Vuh vkSj mlds ikuh ihus ls rv#Zt+u djuk ¼13½

exj mu yksxksa iSx+Ecj dks >qByk;k vkSj mldh dw¡ps dkV Mkyh rks vYykg us muds xqukgksa lccls mu ij vt+kc ukft+y fd;k fQj ¼gykd djds½ cjkcj dj fn;k ¼14½vkSj mldks muds cnys dk dksbZ [k+kSQ rks gS ugha ¼15½

92 lwjg ySylwjg ySy eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh bDdhl ¼21½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSjkr dh d+le tc ¼lwjt dks½ fNik ys ¼1½vkSj fnu dh d+le tc [+kwc jkSÓu gks ¼2½vkSj ml ¼t+kr½ dh ftlus uj o eknk dks iSnk fd;k ¼3½fd csÓd rqEgkjh dksfÓÓ rjg rjg dh gS ¼4½rks ftlus l[+kkor dh vkSj vPNh ckr ¼bLyke½ dh rLnhd+ dh ¼5½rks ge mlds fy, jkgr o vklkuh ¼6½¼tUur½ ds vlckc eqg¸;k dj nsaxs ¼7½vkSj ftlus cq[+y fd;k] vkSj csijokbZ dh ¼8½vkSj vPNh ckr dks >qByk;k ¼9½rks ge mls l[+rh ¼tgUuqe½ esa igq¡pk nsaxs] ¼10½vkSj tc og gykd gksxk rks mldk eky mlds dqN Hkh dke u vk,xk ¼11½gesa jkg fn[kk nsuk t+:j gS ¼12½vkSj vk[+ksjr vkSj nqfu;k ¼nksuksa½ [+kkl gekjh pht+s gSa ¼13½rks geus rqEgsa HkM+drh gq;h vkx ls Mjk fn;k ¼14½

mlesa cl ogh nkf[+ky gksxk tks cM+k cnc[+r gS ¼15½ftlus >qByk;k vkSj eq¡g Qsj fy;k vkSj tks cM+k ijgst+xkj gS ¼16½og mlls cpk fy;k tk,xk ¼17½tks viuk eky ¼vYykg dh jkg½ esa nsrk gS rkfd ikd gks tk, ¼18½vkSj yqRQ ;s gS fd fdlh dk ml ij dksbZ ,glku ugha ftldk mls cnyk fn;k tkrk gS ¼19½cfYd ¼og rks½ flQZ vius vkyhÓku ijojfnxkj dh [+kqÓuwnh gkfly djus ds fy, ¼nsrk gS½ ¼20½vkSj og vud+jhc Hkh [+kqÓ gks tk,xk ¼21½

93 lwjg t+qgklwjg t+qgk eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh X;kjg ¼11½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼,s jlwy½ igj fnu pM+dh u nsuk ¼10½vkSj vius ijojfnxkj dh usverksa dk ft+dz djrs jguk ¼11½

94 lwjg uÓjglwjg uÓjg eDds esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh vkB ¼8½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼,s jlwy½ D;k geus rqEgkjk lhuk bYe ls dqÓknk ugha dj fn;k ¼t:j fd;k½ ¼1½vkSj rqe ij ls og cks> mrkj fn;k ¼2½ftlus rqEgkjh dej rksM+ j[kh Fkh ¼3½vkSj rqEgkjk ft+Ø Hkh cqyUn dj fn;k ¼4½rks ¼gk¡½ il cs'kd nqÓokjh ds lkFk gh vklkuh gS ¼5½;d+huu nqÓokjh ds lkFk vklkuh gS ¼6½rks tc rqe Qkfjx+ gks tkvks rks eqd+jZj dj nks ¼7½vkSj fQj vius ijojfnxkj dh rjQ jx+cr djks ¼8½

95 lwjg rhulwjg rhu eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh vkB ¼8½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSbUthj vkSj t+Srwu dh d+le ¼1½vkSj rwj lhuhu dh ¼2½vkSj ml veu okys Ógj ¼eDdk½ dh ¼3½fd geus bUlku cgqr vPNs dSM+s dk iSnk fd;k ¼4½fQj geus mls ¼cwqByk ldrk gS ¼7½D;k vYykg lcls cM+k gkfde ugha gS ¼gk¡ t+:j gS½ ¼8½

96 lwjg vyd+lwjg vyd+ dh igyh ikap vk;rsa lcls igys eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZa vkSj bldh mUuhl ¼19½vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼,s jlwy½ vius ijojfnxkj dk uke ysdj i

ns[kks vxj og ckt+ u vk,xk rks ge ijsÓkuh ds iV~Vs idM+ ds ?klhVsaxs ¼15½>wBs [+krkokj dh isÓkuh ds iV~Vs ¼16½rks og vius ;kjkus tylk dks cqyk, ge Hkh tYykn Q+fjÓrs dks cqyk,¡xs ¼17½¼,s jlwy½ ns[kks gjfxt+ mudk dguk u ekuuk ¼18½vkSj ltns djrs jgks vkSj dq+cZ gkfly djks ¼19½ ltnk 15

97 lwjg d+nzlwjg d+nz eDdk ;k enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ik¡p ¼5½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSgeus ¼bl dq+jku½ dks Ócs d+nz es a ukft+y ¼djuk Óq:½ fd;k ¼1½vkSj rqedks D;k ekywe Ócs d+nz D;k gS ¼2½Ócs d+nz ¼ejrck vkSj vey esa½ gt+kj eghuks ls csgrj gS ¼3½bl ¼jkr½ esa Q+fjÓrs vkSj ftcjhy ¼lky Hkj dh½ gj ckr dk gqDe ysdj vius ijojfnxkj dsgqDe ls ukft+y gksrs gSa ¼4½;s jkr lqcg ds rqywv gksus rd ¼vt+ljrkik½ lykerh gS ¼5½

98 lwjg c¸;uglwjg c¸;ug eDdk ;k enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh vkB vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvgys fdrkc vkSj eqÓfjdksa ls tks yksx dkfQj Fks tc rd fd muds ikl [kqyh gq;h nyhysa uigq¡ps og ¼vius dqÝ ls½ ckt+ vkus okys u Fks ¼1½¼;kfu½ vYykg ds jlwy tks ikd vkSjkd+ i

99 lwjg ftyt+kylwjg ftyt+ky eDdk ;k enhus esa mrjk vkSj bldh vkB ¼8½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gStc t+ehu cM+s t+ksjksa ds lkFk t+yt+yss esa vk tk,xh ¼1½vkSj t+ehu vius vUnj ds cks>s ¼eknu;kr eqnsZ ox+Sjg½ fudky Mkysxh ¼2½vkSj ,d bUlku dgsxk fd mldks D;k gks x;k gS ¼3½ml jkst+ og vius lc gkykr c;ku dj nsxh ¼4½D;ksafd rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us mldks gqDe fn;k gksxk ¼5½ml fnu yksx fxjksg fxjksg ¼viuh dczksa ls½ fudysaxs rkfd vius vkeky dks ns[ks ¼6½rks ftl Ó[+l us t+jkZ cjkcj usdh dh og mls ns[k ysxk ¼7½vkSj ftl Ó[+l us t+jkZ cjkcj cnh dh gS rks mls ns[k ysxk ¼8½

100 lwjg vkfn;krlwjg vkfn;kr eDdk esa ;k enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh X;kjg ¼11½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼x+kft+;ksa ds½ ljiV nkSM+us okys ?kksM+ks dh d+le ¼1½tks uFkuksa ls Q+jjkVs ysrs gSa ¼2½fQj iRFkj ij Vki ekjdj fpaxkfj;k¡ fudkyrs gSa fQj lqcg dks Nkik ekjrs gSa ¼3½¼rks nkSM+ /kwi ls½ cqyUn dj nsrs gSa ¼4½fQj ml oD+r ¼nqÓeu ds½ fny esa ?kql tkrs gSa ¼5½¼x+jt+ d+le gS½ fd csÓd bUlku vius ijojfnxkj dk ukÓqØk gS ¼6½vkSj ;d+huh vYykg Hkh mlls okfd+Q+ gS ¼7½vkSj csÓd og eky dk l[+r gjhl gS ¼8½rks D;k og ;s ugha tkurk fd tc eqnsZ d+czksa ls fudkys tk,¡xs ¼9½vkSj fnyksa ds Hksn t+kfgj dj fn, tk,¡xs ¼10½csÓd ml fnu mudk ijojfnxkj muls [+kwc okfd+Q+ gksxk ¼11½

101 lwjg d+kfjvklwjg d+kfjvk eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh X;kjg ¼11½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS[kM+[kM+kus okyh ¼1½og [kM+[kM+kus okyh D;k gS ¼2½vkSj rqe dks D;k ekywe fd og [kM+[kM+kus okyh D;k gS ¼3½ftl fnu yksx ¼eSnkus gÓz esa½ fVM~fM;ksa dh rjg QSys gksaxs ¼4½vkSj igkM+ /kqudh gq;h :bZ ds ls gks tk,¡xs ¼5½rks ftlds ¼usd vkeky½ ds iYys Hkkjh gksaxs ¼6½og eu Hkkrs ,sÓ esa gksaxs ¼7½vkSj ftuds vkeky ds iYys gYds gksaxs ¼8½rks mudk fBdkuk u jgk ¼9½vkSj rqedks D;k ekywe gkfo;k D;k gS ¼10½og ngdrh gq;h vkx gS ¼11½

102 lwjg rdklqjlwjg rdklqj eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj blesa vkB ¼8½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSdqy o eky dh cgqrk;r us rqe yksxksa dks x+kfQ+y j[kk ¼1½;gk¡ rd fd rqe yksxksa us dczsa ns[kh ¼ej x,½ ¼2½ns[kks rqedks vud+jhc gh ekyqe gks tk,xk ¼3½fQj ns[kks rqEgsa vud+jhc gh ekywe gks tk,xk ¼4½ns[kks vxj rqedks ;d+huh rkSj ij ekywe gksrk ¼rks gjfxt+ x+kfQy u gksrs½ ¼5½rqe yksx t+:j nkst+[+k dks ns[kksxs ¼6½fQj rqe yksx ;d+huh ns[kksxs ¼7½fQj rqels usverksa ds ckjsa t+:j ckt+ iqlZ dh tk,xh ¼8½

103 lwjg vlzlwjg vlz eDdh gS ;k enuh gS vkSj blesa rhu ¼3½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSuekt+s vlz dh d+le ¼1½cs'kd bUlku ?kkVs esa gS ¼2½exj tks yksx bZeku yk,] vkSj vPNs dke djrs jgs vkSj vkil esa gd+ dk gqDe vkSj lcz dholh;r djrss jgs ¼3½

104 lwjg gqekt+kg ¼oSy½lwjg lwjg gqekt+kg ¼oSy½ eDdh ;k enuh gS vkSj blesa ukS ¼9½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSgj rkuk nsus okys pqx+y[+kksj dh [+kjkch gS ¼1½tks eky dks tek djrk gS vkSj fxu fxu dj j[krk gS ¼2½og le>rk gS fd mldk eky mls gesÓk ft+Unk ckd+h j[ksxk ¼3½gjfxt+ ugha og rks t+:j gqrek esa Mkyk tk,xk ¼4½vkSj rqedks D;k ekywe grek D;k gS ¼5½og vYykg dh HkM+dkbZ gq;h vkx gS ¼6½tks ¼ryos ls yxh rks½ fnyksa rd p

105 lwjg vy Q+hylwjg vy Q+hy eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ik¡p vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s jlwy D;k rqeus ugha ns[kk fd rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us gkFkh okyksa ds lkFk D;k fd;k ¼1½D;k mlus mudh reke rn~chjsa x+yr ugha dj nha ¼t+:j½ ¼2½vkSj mu ij >qUM dh >qUM fpfM+;k¡ Hkst nha ¼3½tks mu ij [kjUtksa dh dadfj;k¡ Qsdrh Fkha ¼4½rks mUgsa pck, gq, Hkwl dh ¼rckg½ dj fn;k ¼5½

106 lwjg d+qjS'klwjg dqjS'k eDdk ;k enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh pkj ¼4½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSpw¡fd d+qjSÓ dks tkM+s vkSj xehZ ds lQ+j ls ekuwl dj fn;k gS ¼1½rks mudks ekuwl dj nsus dh otg ls ¼2½bl ?kj ¼dkck½ ds ekfyd dh bcknr djuh pkfg, ¼3½ftlus mudks Hkw[k esa [kkuk fn;k vkSj mudks [kkSQ+ ls veu vrk fd;k ¼4½

107 lwjg ekÅulwjg ekÅu eDdh ;k enuh gS vkSj bldh lkr ¼7½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSD;k rqeus ml Ó[+l dks Hkh ns[kk gS tks jkst+ tt+k dks >qBykrk gS ¼1½;s rks ogh ¼dEc[+r½ gS tks ;rhe dks /kDds nsrk gS ¼2½vkSj eksgrktksa dks f[kykus ds fy, ¼yksxksa dks½ vkeknk ugha djrk ¼3½rks mu uekft+;ksa dh rckgh gS ¼4½tks viuh uekt+ ls x+kfQy jgrs gSa ¼5½tks fn[kkus ds okLrs djrs gSa ¼6½vkSj jkst+ ejkZ dh ekywyh pht+sa Hkh vkfj;r ugha nsrs ¼7½

108 lwjg dkSljlwjg dkSlj eDdk ;k enhus esa ukft+j gqbZ vkSj mldh rhu ¼3½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼,s jlwy½ geusa rqedks dks dkSlj vrk fd;k] ¼1½rks rqe vius ijojfnxkj dh uekt+ i

109 lwjg dkQ+s:ulwjg dkQ+s:u eDdk ;k enhuk esa ukft+j gqbZ vkSj mldh N% ¼6½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd ,s dkfQjksa ¼1½rqe ftu pht+ksa dks iwtrs gks] eSa mudks ugha iwtrk ¼2½vkSj ftl ¼vYykg½ dh eSa bcknr djrk gw¡ mldh rqe bcknr ugha djrs ¼3½vkSj ftUgsa rqe iwtrs gks eSa mudk iwtus okyk ugha ¼4½vkSj ftldh eSa bcknr djrk gw¡ mldh rqe bcknr djus okys ugha ¼5½rqEgkjs fy, rqEgkjk nhu esjs fy, esjk nhu ¼6½

110 lwjg ulzlwjg ulzz enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh rhu ¼3½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS,s jlwy tc vYykg dh enn vk ig¡qpsxh ¼1½vkSj Qrsg ¼eDdk½ gks tk,xh vkSj rqe yksxksa dks ns[kksxs fd xksy ds xksy vYykg ds nhu esankf[+ky gks jgs gSa ¼2½rks rqe vius ijojfnxkj dh rkjhQ+ ds lkFk rlchg djuk vkSj mlh ls ex+Qs+jr dh nqvk ek¡xukog cs'kd cM+k ekQ+ djus okyk gS ¼3½

111 lwjg ygclwjg ygc eDdh gS vkSj bldh ik¡p ¼5½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gSvcq ygc ds gkFk VwV tk,¡ vkSj og [+kqn lR;kukl gks tk, ¼1½¼vkf[+kj½ u mldk eky gh mlds gkFk vk;k vkSj ¼u½ mlus dek;k ¼2½og cgqr HkM+drh gq;h vkx esa nkf[+ky gksxk ¼3½vkSj mldh tks: Hkh tks lj ij bZa/ku mBk, fQjrh gS ¼4½vkSj mlds xys esa cVh gq;h jLlh c¡/kh gS ¼5½

112 lwjg ,[+kykllwjg v[+kykl eDdk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh 4 vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd vYykg ,d gS ¼1½vYykg cjgd+ csfu;kt+ gS ¼2½u mlus fdlh dks tuk u mldks fdlh us tuk] ¼3½vkSj mldk dksbZ gelj ugha ¼4½

113 lwjg Qyd+lwjg Qyd+ eDdk ;k enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh ik¡p ¼5½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks fd eSa lqcg ds ekfyd dh gj pht+ dh cqjkbZ ls ¼1½tks mlus iSnk dh iukg ek¡xrk gw¡ ¼2½vkSj v¡/ksjh jkr dh cqjkbZ ls tc mldk v¡/ksjk Nk tk, ¼3½vkSj xUMksa ij Qw¡dus okfy;ksa dh cqjkbZ ls ¼4½¼tc Qw¡ds½ vkSj gln djus okys dh cqjkbZ ls ¼5½

114 lwjg ukllwjg ukl eDdk ;k enhuk esa ukft+y gqbZ vkSj bldh N% ¼6½ vk;rsa gSavYykg ds uke ls ¼Óq: djrk gw¡½ tks cM+k esgjcku fugk;r jge okyk gS¼,s jlwy½ rqe dg nks eSa yksxksa ds ijojfnxkj ¼1½yksxksa ds cknÓkg ¼2½yksxksa ds ekcwn dh ¼3½¼ÓSrkuh½ olols dh cqjkbZ ls iukg ek¡xrk gw¡ ¼4½tks ¼vYykg ds uke ls½ ihNs gV tkrk gS tks yksxksa ds fnyksa esa olols Mkyk djrk gS ¼5½ftUukr esa ls [+okg vknfe;ksa esa ls ¼6½