Il'skij,Shmidt.pdf

OCHOB~HU~ aMruer< naa Gypenna Ha cyme
OCHOB~HH~M Ha3bIBaeTCR MeTaJIJIHgeCKa5l KOHCTPYKuHR, ~0611paeMaR
~3 OTAenbHNx CBapHMx ce~qnfi (@ep~) u ycTaHasnnsae-
Max Ha nosepxHocTn se~nu; Han ~efi pacnonaraeTca 6ypoea~ BNU-
Ka. @epMb1 OCHOBaHHR CBaPHBaIOTCR H3 npo@liJIb~oro IIpOKaTa HJIU
H3 TPY~. Pa3~epb1 ~aXn0fi CeKuHH OnpeAeJlRiOTCH TpaHCnOpTHbIMU
BO3MOXHOCTRMU. Ha OCHOBaHHH YCTaHaBJIHBaIOT POTOP H ApyrOe
obopyno~a~ne, a B IIpOCTpaHCTBe MeXAy YCTbeM CKBaXHHbI H PO-
TOPOM MOHTWP~IOT O~OPY~OB~HII~ Anx rep~e~u3asun YCT~R.
Ha OCHOBaHHe ~ ~ ~ ~ C T BHarPY3KU Y I ~ T OT BeCa BbILUKN H J'cHJIlifi,
BO3HkiKaIOUHX B npOUeCCe nPOBOAKH CKBaXHHbI, BeC HaXOARUerOCR
Ha nony 6ypo~oro 060pyfl0~aHHH H csesefi B ~arasu~ax nnu sec
KOJIOHHbI, ~CT~HOBJI~HHO~~ Ha POTOpe.
KOHCT~~KUWU OCHOB~HH~~ BbILUeK BeCbMa pa3~006pa3~b1. OCHOB-
HbIMki TP~~OB~HHRMII, npeA'bHBJIReMbIMH K HAM, RBJIRIOTCR:
06ecnesesae ~e06~0nkiMbl~ pa3~epo~ nona 6ypo~ofi u npo-
CTpaHCTBa AJIH MOHTaXa 060pynosa~~~ AJIR repMeTH3aUUPi YCTbR
CKBaXHHbI;
IIPOYHOCTb H XeCTKOCTb BOCnpHRTUR BCeX A~~~CTB~IOWHX
HarPY30K;
~HCTPOT~ H YAO~CTBO MOHTaXa, AeMOHTaXa U TpaHCnOpTH-
POBKW;
COXpaHHOCTb IIpH MHOrOKPaTHbIX TPaHCnOPTHPOBKaX C OAHO~~
TOqKH 6ypeHu~ Ha nPYrYH) U MOHTaXaX.
OCHOB~HH~ BbIIIIesHO-POTOpHOrO 6no~a 6yp0~0fi YCTaHOBKH PaCcswTbIsaeTca
Ha ~efic~sne pasnnsaoro coseTaHux ~arpy30~ Ha KPIO-
Ke, seca naKeTa csesefi H O~OPYAOB~HUR, pa3~eue~~oro Ha nony
6yp0~0fi. B~ICOT~ nOna 6yp0~0fi 3aBHCHT OT Knacca YCTaHOBKH.
OCHOB~HH~ IIpenCTaBJlReT co6oii CBapHyIO C~OPHYIO KOHCTPYKuwm,
B nepen~efi sacTn ~o~opoii pacnonoxem HaKnoHHbIe MOCTKW
H Tpan AJIH 3aTaCKEiBaHHH Tpy6 B 6ypoByIO. ~ ~ A H RYaCTb R c~a6xe-
Ha IIpOAOJIbHbIMH ~ ~ J I K ~ MCBR3aHHbIMH H ,
T p a ~ e p ~ H ~ f06pasyro~u- i
MN OCHOBaHNe AJIR YCTaHOBKW 6yp0~0fi ne6en~n Ha PaCCTORHHH
OKOJIO 2,1 M OT 3eMJIH, 9TO nPH MOHTaXe nO3BOJlReT CrpyXaTb H
YCTaHaBJIHBaTb ne6enq 6e3 ee IIOA'beMa. OCHOB~HHR ~YPOBHX
J'CTaHOBOK YHHB~~c~JI~HO~~ MOHT~X~C~OCO~HOCTH C H ~ ~ X ~ I ~ Tno- C R
ITepesHofi 6an~oii AJ~HHO~~ 12 M C KPOHIIIT~~~H~MH Ha KOHuaX AnX
coennHeHwR npu nepe~o3~ax Ha ~~~eno~osax. Ta~aa AJIHHHaR
6an~a no3~onxe~ nonBonwTb TenexKa TRX~JIOBO~OB npu nepe~os-
KaX IIO UH~OKO~~ KOJIee, npHnOAHHMaTb ti YB03UTb 630~. ~ P 3TOM U
3HaqNTeJlbHO 6bIcTpee MOXHO AeMOHTHPOBaTb ~JIOK B BHMHHR ne-
PHon, TaK KaK He Tpe6yeTcR OCBO~OXA~T~ OT JIbAa BCe OnOpbl:
nepen nepe~o3~ofi.
OCHOBH~I~ napaMeTpbl OCHOBaHHR - ~ a~60JIblUaR HarpysKa, OT-
MeTKa nona 6yp0~0fi, nJI0UaAb lJ0ACBeYHHKOB. Han6onbrua~ Ha-
rpy3Ka OnpeAeJIReTCR MaKCHManbHO AO~~CTHMO~~ Harpy3~0fi Ha PO-
TOP U Harpy3~0fi Ha nOACBe9HNK, KOTOpbIe C03AaIOTCR BeCOM 6~-
plrJIbH0fi KOnOHHN npu ~au6onbruefi rny6use 6ype~u~. OTM~TK~
nona 6ypo~oR onpeAenReTcR ABYMR Qa~~opa~u: sb~co~ofi npocTpaHcTsa
nnx pa3~e~qe~n~ 06opy~o~a~n~ AnH r e p ~ e ~ u z s a u YCT~R ~ u
CKBaXHHM H BUCOTO~~, H~O~XOAHMO~~ AJIR CTOKa 6ypo~oro PaCTBOpa,
BbIXOARIIIerO U3 CKBaXUHbI K CkiCTeMe er0 09HCTKU.
BbIco~a nona 6yp0~0fi AJIR YCTaHOBKH O~OPYAOB~HHR C UenbIO
rep~e~u3auuw YCT~R CKBaxnHbI OnpeAenReTcR KaK cyma BMCOT
OTAenbHbIX ~CTPO~~CTB, BXOARUIUX B KOMnJIeKT C~OPKH, C YYeTOM
BHCOTbI YCTaHOBJIeHHOrO Ha nOnpOTOpHbIe 6an~u POTOpa (~Hc. 11.5) :
rAe hl=0,5 M - BbICOTa KOJIOHHOrO @J'IaHIla YCTbR CKBaXNHbI OT
nOBepXHOCTki 3eMJIH; h2 - BbICOTa CTBOJIOBO~~ gaCTH O~OPY~~OB~HUB
AnR rep~e~u3auuu YCT~R; h, - paccToRHue OT nona 6ypo~ofi no
HHXHefi YaCTW pOTOpa; S=0,5+0,7 M - 3a30p MeXny TOPUOM BePX-
Hero npesewopa u POTOPOM.
nJI0uaAb nOACBesHHKOB - BMeCTUMOCTb Mara3HHOB
TP~HCMNCCH~~ ki HaCOCOB HMelOT pas-
MepH, H~O~XOAHMH~ EAR YCTaHOBKK
060py~o~a~nn. OHH pa36npam~cn Ha
oTAenbHare ceeuwu, AonycKaIowwe ne-
peB03KY no XeJIe3HbIM AJIH IBTOMO-
Puc. 11.5. Cxe~a onpenenenan BHCOTH nona
6ypoeo8:
l - anaueq ~onoa~ofl ronosm; 2 - Kpecroeaaa: 9,
4 s 5 - npeseeropbl coorsercrsesao narneqeble, yaE-
eepcanbeblil e spauramq~8ca; 6 - poTop