Untitled

82-83
BBK 76.01(2Poc)
7J31
MaKem cepuupa3pa6omau
CepreeM BopHHHM
OmeetncmeeuHuu pedaicmop
Ba/jMM
Ha THTyjibHOM jiHcre: HjijirocxpauHH TO. BameHKO K «A/rnce B Crpane ny/iec*. 1982.
Ha crp. 8: mijiiocTpauHH F. KajiHHoscKoro -sCya npnca>KHijix». 1988.
®OTorpa(J>nfl H. /IcMypoBOH pa6oTH A^eKcaH/ipa/IepeBarHHa. 2008.
H. M.
7(31 KapTHHKH H paaroBophi: Bece^H o Jlbronce Kappo/uie. -
Cn6.: BHTH HOBH, 2008. - 576 c., 207 HJJ. - (HciopHKO-jiHTeparypHoc
npHJioaceHne K cepHH «/KH3HeonHcaHHa»).
ISBN 978-5-93898-173-7
HssecTHHH jiHTepaTypOBea H nepeBOfliHK Hnna /JeMypOBa, asrop
KJiaccHiecKoro nepesofla na pyccKHH HSWK «AJIHCBI B Crpane >iy/iec» H
«Ajinci)i B 3a3epKajibe», seflex HenpHHyjKfleHHwe 6ece/m o coaaaTejie STHX
KHiir JlbMHce Kappojuie c HHTcpccHbiMH jiroflbMH pasHwx noKojieHHii —
xyfloatHHKaMH, nucaTeJMMH, nepeBo/iiHKaMH, KOMnoaiiTopaMH, pe>KHccepaMH,
MareMaTHKaMH. Kaxflbili H3 HHX paccKaabisaeT o CBOHX «B33HMOOT-
HOiueHHflxs- c JI. Kappo/rjioM H ero repOHMH, o poac/tenHH HenosTopHMbix 06-
paaoB, cosflaHHbix nofl BJiHaHHeM ero KHHF, nosBOJiM iHTarejiK) aarjianyTb
B «CBHTaH CBHTHX» — CBOK) TBOpHBCKyKI ^a6opaTOpHJO.
B H3/iaHHH ny6jiHKyeTca 6ojiee era MJnocTpauuft K npoHSBe/ieHHaM
JI. Kappojuia, cpe/m HMX — pa6oTw snaMenHTHx xyaoacHHKOB M. MnTypHia-Xjie6HHKOBa,
K). BamenKo, F. Ka^HHoscKoro, 6eceaw c KOTOPMMH
TaKSKC BOmjlH B KHHry.
BBK 76.01(2Poc)
2-83
HsAaTejiBCTBO 6jiaro/iapHT asTopoB Hi-iTepBtio sa npe/iocxaB/ieHHbie Marepnajiw.
Oco6aa 6jiaro/japnocTb — MaprapHTe (PeaopoBHe Pyuiaftjio
sa MaTepnajibi H3 KOjijieKijHH AjieKcan/ipa MMxaHaoBH^a Pyiuaiijio.
JIio6oe BocnpoH3BeA6HHe HacToameH KHHTH HJIH OT/ie^bHOH ee naCTH
B03MO2CHO TOJibKo c riHCbMeHHoro paspeuieHHH OOO «Bnra Hona».
© /[eMypoBa H. M., 2008
© «BnTa HoBa»,
ISBN 978-5-93898-173-7 c^opM/ieiine, 2008

HHHa flEMYPOBA
KAPTHHKH H PASFOBOPbl
o JIbioHce Ksppojuie
BHTA HOBA
CAHKT-nETEPEYPr
2008

BHKTOp
OET
nyTEIIIECTBHE
B noHCKAX CHAPKA

aK-xo, Kor^a H y>Ke pa6oTajia Has STOH KHHrofi, MHC HOSBO-
HHJIH HS peflaKu,HH oflHoro naynHoro >KypHajia: «Bac pasbicKHBaeT
BHKTOP OCT. MO5KHO nocjiaTb eMy Bam aflpec?»
BSflporHyjia. H SHajia, HTO BHKTOP npocj)eccopcTByeT B AMCPHKC,
HO CBHSb c HHM Gbijia flaBHo noTepHHa, H H KaK pas pasMbiixuiJuia
TCM, KaK 6bi ero pasbicKaTb...
Mbi nosnaKOMHJiHCfa c BHKTOPOM TICTOM 1975 rofla.
SHaKOMCTBO 6bIJIO SaOHHbIM: BHKTOp npHCJiaJI MHC H3
CKa, Ffle OH JKH/I, CBOH nepeBOfl nosMbi KspponJia «OxoTa Ha Cnap-
Ka». HacKo^bKO MHC HSBCCTHO, STO 6bm nepBbin nojiHbiH nepeBOfl
3TOH saraflOHHOH nosMbi. ft npo^HTajia nepesofl c KapaHflaniOM
B pyKax H nocjiajia BnKTopy CBOH coo6pa>KeHHH. Mbi flo^iro nepenHCbiBaziHCb,
o6cy>KflaH pasjin^Hbie Tpy^HOCTH H HioaHCbi nepeBOfla.
noMHK), no OKOHHaHHH yHHBepCHTCTa BHKTOP c >KCHOH yexajin
pa6oTaTb B TypKMCHHio H npHFJiauiajiH ueufi HasecTHTb HX TaM
B BaflXbiscKOM aanoBCflHHKe. OflnaKO >Kapa (a npenoflasa^a H noexaTb
Morjia 6bi TOJibKO JICTOM), SMCH H, HC CKpoio, cKOpnHOHbi MCHH
nyra/iH. flo CHX nop acajieio, HTO HC peuiHjiacb na STO nyTemecTBHe!
BHflHbiH soojior H KpynHCHinHH, KaK roBOpHT, cnennajiHCT no
CKOpnHonaM, BHKTOP Tenepb npocj)eccopCTByeT B CIIIA H npoflOJi-
MCaCT SaHHMaTbCH CBOHM JIK)6HMbIM flC^IOM. HeflaBHO npHCJiaJI MHe
CBOK) CTaTblO «HOHHOe CBCHCHHe CKOpnHOHOB», KOTOpyiO H
Tana c HHTepecoM. EtHineT H ny6;iHKyeT CTHXH. Ero nepesofl
Ksppojina «OxoTa na CnapKa» HaKOHeu. TO^KC yBHfleji CBCT.
Ha MOH Bonpocbi OH OTBCTHJI HS UTraTOB nncbMOM.
MOH OTHOIHCHHH C KsppOJIJIOM H CHapKOM HCTOpHHCCKH H 1'CO-
. Hanaro HX yxo^HT B 1960-e
319

KAPTHHKH H PASFOBOPbl
Kappojiji B pyccKOM nepeBOfle COBCCM ne 6biJi «MOHM»
B flCTCTBC (K3K, HaBCpHO, H y 6OJIbIHHHCTBa MOHX CBepCTHHKOB). OH
HHKaK HC BxoflHJi B nepsyio flecflTKy asTopOB jiHTepaxypHbix ciKHH-
Ka — Bajiepnfl AjicjseeBCKoro (1906-1989). H xopoino HOMHIO ero
HMH TaK>Ke no HJijiiocTpauHHM K cKasKaM KaBepHHa H AHflepcena
H K saMenaTejibHOH CKaaKe «Opflen >KejiToro flHTjia* 6pa3H^bii;a
MoHTefipy Jlo6aTy. Ony6/iHKOBaHHbiH B Bo/irapnH nepeBOfl o6enx
«A/IHC» H. M. fleiviypoBOH (1967) flomeji 30 MCHH naMHoro nos>Ke.
HMCJICH TaK>Ke nofl pyKOH aHrjiHHCKHH TCKCT o6enx «AJIHC»,
HHX B CCCP, KOTOpblH H BpCMH OT BpCMCHH HHTa/I eme B niKOJIC.
BbiJia xaK>Ke y nac B KHH>KHOM uiKacjsy KHura ,0,)KeKa
«riyTeniecTBHe na ,,CHapKe"»*. He noMHio, npo^eji JIH a sry KHHry
B flCTCTBC, HO HaSBaHHC sanOMHHJIOCb nOTOMy, *ITO 6bIJIO HCnOHHT-
HHM. Can JIoHflOH He ynoMHHaeT Ksppojuia B CBHSH co CBOHM napyCHHKOM-KC^eM,
H3 KOTOpOM OHH C KCHOH nepCCCKJIH THXHH OKCan
B 1907-1909 roflax, cneu,Ha/ibHO oroBapHBan: «Mbi HassajiH ero
,,CHapKOM" npocTo noroMy, HTO HHKaKoe flpyroe coneTaHHe SByKOB
naM HC npaBHjiocb, — roBopro «JIH TCX, KTO 6yflCT HCKaTb B STOM na-
SBaHHH KaKOH-TO CKpblTblH CMbICJI». OflHaKO nOCJieflHHC CCMb CJIOB
3Toro npeflJioJKeHHfl B opHFHHajie ("...there is something occult in
the name") ssy^aT B TOHHOCTH, KaK cTpoKa H3 nosMbi Ksppojuia:
cpaBHHTe c oflHofi H3 ^eHTpaJlbHbIx c|)pa3 nosMbi "He had wholly
forgotten his name". MXXKCT 6faiTb, JIoHflOH BCC >KC CKpbiji B STOH
cTpoKe naMCK Ha Ksppojuia (xom eny TaKHe HaMCKH H ne 6buiH CBOHy,
HTO y KsppoJiJia Kopa6;ib HC HMCCT HasBaHHH.
* M.: Feorpa4>rn3, 1958.
320

BHKTOP OET
B. raHTCH6aHH. flpy^ecKHH uiapac Ha BHKTOpa Oera. 2000
Eyjnaza, nepo
BnepBbie o cymecTBOBaHHH nosMbi Ksppojijia H ysnaji
HBIM nyTCM, HS HayHHO-nonyjiapHOH KHHFH soo/iora /l,>Kepajibfla
flappemia «E[yTb KeHrypeHi*. TCKCTM snnrpacpOB K raasaM STOH
KHHFH, no BCCH BHflHMOCTH, 6bIJIH HepBUM pyCCKHM nepCBOflOM H3
«OXOTH Ha CnapKa*. Byflynn ror^a IOHWIVI HarypajiHCTOM, H >Kafl-
HO raoTan, BbiMCHHBaji H co6npa^ KHHru flappejuia. Jles
>KflaHOB (1924-1995) 6bui HssecTHbiM nepeBOflHHKO
H HayHHO-cJMHTacTHHecKOH JiHTepaTypw
i, Kycro, CaHMaK, Bp3fl6epH). OH nepe^a^ aaraaBHC nosMbi
«Oxora Bop^yHa», BH^HMO ocHOBbiBaacb na raaro/ie "to snarl",
a TaioKe HC paso6paB, KTO na KOFO OXOTHTCH (HS ^ero cjieflyer, HTO
caiviy nosMy OH ne ^HTaji). Bellman craji Cxopo»;eM, a Boojum —
. >KflaHOB nepeBCJi BOJibHbiM CTHXOM TCKCT flBeHaflii,aTH
H3 snHrpacpoB flappejijia.
B 1973 rofly, nepefiflH na TPCTHH Kypc cpaKyjiweTa ecTecTBen-
HMX nayK HoBOCH6npcKoro ynHBepCHTCTa, na ^CTHCH aoojiorn-
'qecKOH npaKTHKe, B KHH^HOM MarasHne nocejiKa KapacyK HOBO-
CH6HpCKOH o6jiacTH, H npHo6peji c6opHHK «MacTepcTBO nepesoflao
(M., 1970) co CTaTben HHHH MnxaHJiosHH /],eMypOBOH «FOJIOC H
CKpnnKa-> o nepesoflax KsppoiiJia. 3Ta CTaTbH H noflenma MCHH na
* M.: Miip, 1968. Hep. JI. )KflaHOBa; B opnrnnajie "Two in the Bush".
321

KAPTHHKH H PASFOBOPH
rojiOBOKpy>KHTejibHbiH nocTynoK — nepeBO/j «OxoTbi Ha CHapi>,
TpeTbH rjiasa KOTOPOH 6biJia MHOIO o6napyaceHa B anTOJiorHH anr-
JIHHCKOH H ajviepHKaHCKOH nosaHH*. IIosflHee nojiHbiH TCKCT (KHHry
M. FapflHepa "Annotated Snark", 1962) H saKasaji Ha MHKpo(j3HJibMe HS
MOCKOBCKOH 6H6JIHOTCKH. K 3TOMy BpeMCHH H CJ1CTKZ npo6OBaJI CC6n
y>Ke H B nepesoflax c anniHHCKoro, H B COGCTBCHHOH ITOSSHH (KOTOpaa
Hanajia ny6jiHKOBaTbc.a, OflnaKO, TOTIBKO B KOHU,C 1990-x TO/JOB).
FlepByro Bepcnro nepesofla «CHapKa» H saKOH^HTr eiu,e y^acb
B Hry na ^CTBepTOM Kypce. Mne 6bmo Tor^a fleBHTHafluarb nex.
K peniHji nocjiaTb pyKonncb HHHC MHxaH^OBHe /Z,eMypOBOH B Mo-
CKBy Ha npOHTCHHC. KOHKpCTHOH MHCJIH O ny6jIHKaiJ;HH y MCHH HC
6biJio (oflnaKO He 6bmo B MWC^HX H TOFO, HTO nepesofl 6yflex ony6-
jiHKOBaH nepes flBaflu;aTb inecxb JICT!). HHHa Mnxafi^roBHa, 30 KO-
TopoH H flOSBOHHJica 6^aroflap$i lOHOinecKOMy ynopcTBy H naxajib-
CTBy cpaay ace npoqHTajia nepeflaHHyro CH c OKasHCH pyKonncb H
o6cyflHjia co MHOH ee MHHycbi H njnocw. H 6bm oinejiOMJieH H Bflox-
HOBnen raKHM BHHMaHHCM H CT3.fi pa6oTaTb nafl HcnpaB^eHH^MH.
SaKOHHHB HFY, JICTOM 1976 rofla H yexan pa6oraTb SOOJIOFOM
B BaflXbiscKHH sanOBCflHHK B TypKMCHHH, Kyfla pacnpeflejiHJicH no
co6cTBCHHOMy accJiaHHio. MepnoBHKH «CHapKa» noexajiH co MHOH.
/JajibHeiimaH pa6oTa Hafl nepeBOflOM (1976-1981) BCJiacb ypbiB-
K3MH B HpCSBbmaHHO 3K3OTHHCCKHX yCJIOBHHX: B 3KCneflHU;HOH-
HHX na/iaTKax cpeflH cjjHCTauiKOBOH caBaHHH XOJIMOB Baflxbiaa;
B MOCM r^HHo6HTHOM flOMHKe HeflaneKo OT ropofla KyuiKa, a sa-
TCM nofl opexoBbiMH flepeBbHMH ym,ejib5i Anflepe B ropax SanaflHOro
KoneTflara; B Baronax SHaMCHHToro, HHHC noKOHHoro noesfla
«TaiiiKeHT — KpacHOBOflCK»; Ha BOKsa/iax H B asponoprax CpeflHCH
A3HH, FflC COBCTCKHe BOHCKa B TO BpCMH IIIJIH B A(f)raHHCTaH.
riepeBOfl 6bm nojinocTbio saBepinen B Htone 1981 rofla, nocnan
H. M. ^eMypOBOH, nymen «no pyKaM» cpeflH flpysen. BpeMH OT spe-
MCHH flejiajiHCb nonHTKH nanenaTaTb ero: KaK-'ro H HOCHJI TCKCT
B «JlHTepaTypHyio rasery*, a B 1987 rofly R. A. TopflHH XOTCJI
OTPMBOK B «ABpope», HO 6e3pe3yjibTaTHO. FIOTOM H
yexan B AMepHKy. B nanajie 1990-x 30 MCH^I cTajiH floxoflHTb ony6-
B POCCHH nepeBOflbi: KpyacKOBa, KnroeBa, FlyxoBa. He-
B HHTepneTe npo^HTaji nepeBOfl TaHflenbCMaHa.
K coacajieHHio, y MCH« HC coxpaHHJiocb HCPHOBHKOB, TaK KaK
6o/ibina5i nacTb MOHX apxHBOB npona;ia B xo^e nyTemecTBHH H
* An anthology of English and American verse. Moscow: Progress, 1972.
322

BHKTOP KeHHH (B 1976 ro#y H3 CH6npH B TypKMCHHio, a B 1987 —
C CCMfaCH H3 TypKMCHHH B POCCHK) H 3aTCM B AMepHKy). EOHCC
TOFO, npn Bbiesfle B AiviepHKy B Mapre 1988 ro^a y MCHH HC 6famo
HU odnozo SKSCMnjinpa pyKonHCH nepesofla. BMBOS KaKHx 6bi TO
HH 6biJio pyKonncefi 6bm Tor^a sanpemen — TaK HTO H HX, COBCCM
Kan repoH nosMw, «npn nocaflKe ocTaBHJi y Tpana>>. CoxpaHH^iHCb,
oflHaKO, BapnaHTbi nepeBOfla pasjin^Hbix JICT, KOTOPMMH H (B py-
KOnHCHOM HJIH MalllHHOnHCHOM BHflC) CH362KajI CBOHX pOflHTCJICH
B HoBOCH6HpcKe H flpyscH no BCCH POCCHH. MOH OTCU;, HOBocn6Hp-
CKHH MaTCMaTHK flKOB H/IbHH OeT, nepCflaj! KOnHK) nepCBOfla CBOCMy
KOJi/iere Ceprero CHMOHOBy. C noflBjieHHCM HHTepneTa STOT TCKCT
B HIOHC 1997 rofla 6bm pa3MemeH Ha cafiTe CHMOHOBa BMCCTC c nepe-
Kpy>KKOBa H HyxoBa. HMCHHO STOT TCKCT H GHJI Hcnojibao-
^y6JIHKa^HH B 2001 rofly B c6opnHKe noasHH H nepesoflOB
323

KAPTHHKH H PASTOBOPM
«K BOCTOKy OT COJIHU,a»*. npeflHCJIOBHC K 3TOH ny6^IHKaiJ,HH Ha-
SHaMCHHTblH MOCKOBCKHH CCMHOTHK BjiaflHMHp AHflpeCBHH
. IlpeflHCJiOBHe YcnencKoro 6bmo raK>Ke ony6jiHKOBaHo
B ero KHHFC ".
pa6oxafl B TypKMeHHH B KOHHC 1970 -x, B O^HH HS CBOHX HC-
HaeSflOB B MoCKBy, H HMejI BO3MO>KHOCTb OflH3>KflbI BCTpec
H. M. ,3,eMypOBOH. 51 nofl/iep>KHBaji KonraKT c HCH 750 CBOC-
TO OT6bITHfl B AMCpHKy H BO3O6HOBH^[ CFO HCflaBHO. MOH nepCBOfl,
XOTH H HC Ony6jIHKOBaHHbIH, CTajI HCTO^HHKOM RJIfl ny6jlHKail,HH
HCCKOJIbKHX L(HTaT.
FepoH nosMbi, KaK HSBCCTHO, npeflasajiHCb yB/ieKaTejibHOMy sa-
HHTHIO: OHH JIOBHJIH
HCHSBCCTHO KOFO (CJIOBO Snatk H Ha aHFJIHH-
CKOM H3HKC HH^CFO HC OSHanaCT) HCHSBCCTHO TflC. OTMCTHM, HTO
B KOHU,e KOHLi;OB OHH CHapKa TO J1H nOHMa^IH, TO JIH HC nOHMaJIH, HO,
BO BOIKOM cjiy^ae, nocjieflHHH npeBpaTHnca B KOFO-TO (neH3BecT-
HO Koro) flpyroro. 3Ta HCTOproi saMenaTe/ibHO TOHHO nepeflaer flyx
Hay^Horo noncKa, B nacTHOCTH noHCKa KPHTHHCCKHX TOHCK Y1T13
(nOBCpXHOCTH nOTCHqHa^bHOH SHCprHH).
HOHCCHC, COBCCM Bflyxe Ksppojuia, necKOH^aeM. HCTOM 2004 rofla,
roTOBH 3TH sanHCKH, H Hameji B HHTCPHCTC ccbijiKy Ha BTOpyro.
BecbMa CBOKyro, ny6nHKaij;HK) CBoero nepesofla (oflna HS pannnx
peflaK^HH) B HOBOM MOCKOBCKOM >KypHane «Mnp Ky^bTypbi»*" c sa-
Me^are^bHbiMH HJiJiiocTpau,HHMH O^ibrn JIioflBHr. «npeflBapeHHe»
K 3TOH ny6jiHKauHH pe^aKTopa ;«ypHajia K3. CoKOJiOBa*"* CTOHT
Toro, HTo6bi npHBCCTH sflecb npocTpaHHyro UHTaTy H3 Hero:
KyMHCTOMy flyxy. B rofly xaK 1984-M HS neap
sejienorpaflCKoro KOMnbrorepnoro qenTpa na MCHH Bbinjibma Becb-
Ma noTepTaa OT MHoroHHCJienHbix nepe/iHCTHBaHHH pacne^aTKa,
na THTyjie KOTOPOH nofl HMCHCM asTopa H HassaHHCM
,,nepeBOfl A. OeTa. 1876 rofl". HMCH BecfaMa TyMaHHoe
HHC o rpaflHi^HH nepeBOflOB KsppojMa BOo6iii,e, H... noHaji, HTO MOC
BOcnpHHTHe TBOpnecTBa A. OeTa oKasaJiocb, B caMbix HTO HH Ha
CCTb KSppOTI^OBCKHX TpaflHqHHX, BblBepnyTO H3H3HaHKy. EflHH-
, HTO H HC Mor ce6e oGtHCHHTb... Kai-c MOJKHO 6bmo Booome
cosflaTb TaKoe B TpaflHLi,H}ix sisbiKa XIX BeKa? (...)
' HoBOCH6Hpci

BHKTOP OET
K nacTO5iin,eMy BPCMCHH, BnponeM, o6"beM HHCJ3opMau;HH, KO-
Topoii n pacnojiararo, HC CHJibHO HSMeHHJiCH. Co6cTBeHHO, caivioe
6ojibinoe flOCTH>KeHHe B MOHX HSbicKanHHX — yTOHHCHHe HHHH.Ha;ia:
HC A., a B. Oer, KOTopoe MHC yflajiocb no^epnHyTb 113
,,AjiHCbi B Crpane nyflec", rfle B
ABC c'l'poKH npe,zyiaraeMoro BaM nepeBOfla. MHC HC
yflaJIOCb... H3HTH HHK3KHX CBCfleHHH HH O nepCBOflHHKe, IIH O ny6-
JIHKaUHHX 3TOH CFO pa6OTH>>.
TaK HSBecTHHH pyccKHH HOST AcjjaHacHH A(J)aHacfaeBHH Oer
(UleHinHH) -qyTb 6bwo ne cxan nepeBOflHHKOM Ksppo^jia B caMH3-
flare. A BCAb A. A. OCT (1820-1892) na CUMOM flejie 6bm coBpe
KOM Ksppo/i^a (1832-1898)! EOT TOJibKO Bpo^e 6bi c
A. A. ne nepeBOflHJi — ero o6jiacTbro 6bijiH TiaTHHCKHe H
. .HaTa «1876» B caMHSflaxoBCKOH pacnenaTKe K3. CoKOJiosa
HC npocxo , a npuMep coBepnieH-
HOFO HOHcenca. Aa'ra, KOHCHHO, HSHanajibHO 6bma «1976», HTO co-
OTBCTCTByeT OflHOH H3 paHHHX peflaKLI,HH MOeFO nepCBOfla. KTO-TO
HcnpaBHji ee Ha 1876, nojiaraa, ^TO nepeBOfl^HKOM 6bm Ac^anacHH
OCT B XIX BCKC. Ho BCflb 1876 rofl — STO flaTa nydnuKaujUu «OXOTBI
na CnapKa*!..
BapnaHT nepesofla 1975 rofla xpOHonorHHecKH 6biji nepeuM
nojiHUM nepeBOflOM «OXOTH na CHapKa» na pyccKHH HSHK. MOH noaTejibHbiH
BapnaHT 1981 rofla (ony6nHKOBaH-
B 2001 rofly) oTHH^aeTCH OT peflaKij;HH 1975 rofla B p#fle nofl-
, HO B U,CJIOM OHH flOCTaTOHHO CXOflHbl. SHaHHTCJIbHbie
HSMCHCHHfl npoHsoin^iH B HMCHax nepcoHajKeH. CnapK CTaji Cnap-
KOM HC cpaay — cnana/ia, B 1975 ro^y, OH HasbiBa^iCH KC BpeM«, cueflyn
npHHn,HnaM H. M. /^CMypOBOH, 6biTb Kai< MO>KHO 6/iHace K ai;-
Topy. EyjioHHHK, Eo6ep, EaHKnp H BappncTep cjieflosajiH HMenaM
B TOHHOCTH H HC MCHJIJIHCb HHKOFfla. BpaKOHbCp
325

KAPTHHKH H PA3rOBOPbI
Haiijj,eH MHOH c nepsoro MOMCHTa H npe/jcxaBJiaji xopoinyro napy
Bo6py, xoxfl, HCCOMCHHO, Butcher (MHCHHK) HMCCT COBCCM /jpyrne
SBynaHHe H OKpacKy. EHJibap^HbiH MapKep (Konna opnraHajia)
6bui B nepsoM Bapnanxe BaHKOMCTOM. KpoMe xoro, GMJIH EaKajiasp
H BaniManHHK (HC ynacxByioiUHe, Ha/jo cKasaxh, B ACHCXEHH co-
BepmeHHo), KoropbiMH 6faiJiH npOH3BOJibHO saMenenbi Bonnetmaker
H Boots. BproHHHK (Broker B opHFHHajie) cnanajia 6bm
Bapaxojibirj,HKOM. BHJJ;HO, HXO a npe/jBOCXHXHji HCKOTOpbie naxoflKH
nocjieflyroinHx nepeBOflHHKOB «CHapKa» — HMH Hcnojib3OBajiHCb
He TOJibKo o^eBHflHbie ByjiOHHHK, Bo6ep, BaHKHp H Bappncrep, HO
HK H fla>Ke Bapaxojibi.ii,HK.
>Ke CMbicjioBoe H3MeneHHe y MCHJI nperepneji Bellman.
B nepBOM BapHanre OH 6bui EouManoM (c ayflKOH, B Koxopyro CBH-
CTC^:). 3xo peineHne 6bijio Han6o;iee «MOPCKHM», HO B TO xe speMH
H HaMHoro 6ojiee npHMOJiHHCHHbiM, HCM y Ksppoji^ia. Beflb asrop
MOF HaaeaTb nepcona>Ka Boatswain, HO ne cp.ejis.ji aroro. K TOMy >KC
MHC HC no flyme 6fam CBHCT 6o^MaHCKOH flyflKH (flOBOJibno 3K3O-
THHCCKHH 3ByK no cpaBHCHHio c KO^OKOJiOM Bellman'a). HaKOHe^,
B TCKCTC OH npHMO HMCHyercH KanHTaHOM Kopa6;iH, a KannxaH
Bce-xaKH — HC 6ou,MaH. B MOCM oKOHnaxejibHOM Bapnanxe OH cxa/i
Bapa6aHm;HKOM H cxyiaji, caMo co6oH, B 6apa6aH. 3xox o6pas, BOS-
MO5KHO, CJierKa BoenHsupyex noaMy, HO B KaKOM-xo CMbicjie coaflaex
nee SByKOBOH cf)OH (3ByK 6apa6ana,
B opHrHHane). H HC peuiH^ca, npaBfla,
jiH Bappncxepa, BBCCXH nojmbiH XHxy^ pyccKoro c})OJibnepcoHa*:a
— «OxcxaBHOH KOSM 6apa6aHiu;HK». Bbuia
xyx H pHCJDMa-aHaJiornH c flCMypOBCKHM BoJiBanmnKOM HS
Cbl>>. KcXaXH, EojIBaHmHKOM Kpy>KKOB o
Bonnet-maker'a, nero 6w a HHKorfla He cflejiaji, xaK KaK
CKOH «AjiHce» 3xo Bee 5Ke Mad Hatter. T^iaBbi nosMbi (Fits) B
Bapnanxe HMenoBajiHCb «npHnaKXbi», B OKOHnaxejibHOM OHH
6ojiee cflepjRaHHO, KBajibi» BpaHAauiMbira (y K3ppoji.na, "frumious jaws",
noBXOpHH snnxex HS , "frumious Bandersnatch"). He BCCM 6yflCX
HCHO, HXO CJIOBO «>KBajlbI>> HBJIHCXCH BOBCC HC CJIOBOXBOpHCCKOH
BHflyMKOH nepeBOflHHKa ox Kopna «aceBaxb>>, a Bcero Jinnib cxaH/japx-
HHM xepMHHOM B anaxoMHH GecnosBOHo^Hbix, o6o3Ha^aiomHM
326

BHKTOP KHBH
c 1988 rofla B CIIIA, H flocTaro^HO CBoGoflno BJiaflero anraHHCKHM H
fla>Ke nniny na HCM OTflejibHbie nosTHHecKne TCKCTH, BKJiro^aH Bep-
CHH CBOHX pyccKHx CTHXOB. OflHaKO B njiaHe nosTHHecKoro nepe-
BOfla, HasepHO, MHC 6o;iee S^IHSKH H^CH Ha6oKOBa c ero «6yKBa;ib-
HbiM>> nepeBOflOM «EBreHHH OnerHHa*. Hnorfla MHC npHxoflHTcn
CTHXH c pyccKoro na anraHHCKHH AJIH flpysen H cry-
; npn 3TOM H Bcerfla 5KepxByio pHopivtajibHoro CTHxa B anr-
JIOH3HHHOM MHpe. C aHITIHHCKOrO Ha pyCCKHH, KOHCHHO, TaKOC HC
T, HO 6biJio 6bi /iK)6onbiTHO yBHfleTb 6yKBajibHWH nepeBOfl-
KHH5i
(Baja California, MeKCHKa). no^ajiyn, HaH6o;iee SKSOTH^CCKHM
pacTCHHCM SToro y^acTKa CoHopcKOH nycTHHH HBJiHeTCH «flepe-
BO-6yflJKyM» (Boojum Tree), HJIH cjsyKbepHH (Fouquieria columnaris).
3TO rojioe nycTbiHHoe flepeBO-cyKKy^eHT,noxo:scee na rnraHTCKyio
BonocaTyro MopKOBKy, DOHTH 6ea BCTBCH H TiHCTbCB, npoHspacraeT
TOJIbKO B HnaCHCH KajIHCJ)OpHHH. OHO HMCCT B BblCOTy flO 18 MCTpOB
H ^acTo H3rH6aeTCH B crpaHHbie c|)opMbi. HposBHme «flepeBO-6yfl-
6biJio flaHO cjDyKbepHH B 1922 rofly anrjiHHCKHM 6oraHHKOM
CaHKCOM B HecTb Ksppo^/iOBCKoro Byfl>KyMa. OqeBHflij,bi
roBopHT, HTO, Bnepsbie yBH/jaB STO flepeso B noAsopHyro Tpy6y,
CanKC BOCKJiHKHyji: "Ho, ho, a boojum, definitely a boojum!" CymecTByeT
noflpoGnaa MOHorpacJ3HH 06 STOM flepese aMepHKanu,2
Po6epTa XaMC^pn nofl HasBanneM "The Boojum and Its Home"*.
HCCOMCHHO, H — eflHHCTBCHHblH H3 nepCBOAHHKOB «CHapKa», HC
* University of Arizona Press, 1974.
327

KAPTHHKH H PA3FOBOPbI
TOJlbKO BH/ieBLUHH COTHH 3THX 6yfl>KyMOB, HO H nOHMaBIUHH
HHMH COTHH CKOpnHOHOB flJlfl HCCJieflOBaHHfl HX ,D,HK. «H HOBbljiesjiH
CTpaHHbie TBapn HS nop...»
B saKJHOHCHHe o6aopa > flo6aBJiK>, HTO HasBanne Moeii nocJie/jHCH KHHFH CTHXOB
Ke MypaniKH 6eryr no cnnne,
ECJIH npe/j,cTaBHTb, HTO MOJKCT cjiyHHTbca...
3Ty necHio na njiacraHice H BnepBbie ycTibiiiiaji B 1976 rofly,
«CHapKa».
VHueepcumem Mapiuajina, XanmuHzmoH,
Sanadnan Bupzunun, CIIIA
4 deica6pH 2004 zoda

OB YMACTHHKAX 3TOH KHHTH
MHHHCTepcTBa HHOCTpaHHbix flea CCCP, rjiaBHHH pc/jaKTOp
jia «Bonpocu JiHTepaTypH», saMCCTHTCJib npeflceAaTe
KOMHCCHH CoiOSa COBCTCKHX HHCaTCJieH.
B 1991-2006 roflax B CLIIA 6bui coTpyflHHKOM-CTaacepOM Uempa
no HayHCHHK) KyjibTypHbix nepeMCH npn BHPFHHCKOM yHHBepcHTe-
TC, BCJJ y^e6Hbie Kypcbi B AMepHKancKOM yHHBepCHTCTe, HHTan ny6-
HHHHbie JICKHHH B TapBapACKOM, KopHejibCKOM, CcBepo-SanaflHOM H
MHKarcKOM yHHBepcHTCTax, HBJIH/ICH HMennbiM npocpeccopoM OoHAa
^>K. M. OjiHtia H SanecTHTeneM aaseAyiomero O6m,eo6pa3OBaTejib-
HHMH nporpaMMaMH B yHHBepcHTCTe AflejibcJjH. Pa6oTa;i B TeMenne
flecHTH JICT cTapniHM npenoAasaTejieM na Kacjaeflpe aurjiHHCKoro HSH-
Ka H JiHTepaTypw Ko^JieA>Ka Oicpyra Haccay, OAHOFO H3 nOApasfleJie-
HHH YHHBepCHTeTa LiiTara Hbro-HopK. C OCCHH 2006 roAa na HCHCHH,
5KHBCT B BepKJIH.
CpeAH ero pa6oT, HOMHMO npeAHCjiOBHH K pycci

iPHJIOKEHHE
C 1988 ro«a — B CIHA (TCHHCCCH, JlyHSHana; c 1995-ro — 3anaflHaa
). npocJDeccop VHHBepCHTeTa Mapmajuia, npenoflaeT Kypcbi
, 3BO7IIOU,HH, 6nOrCOrpaCJDHH, GnOTCXHOJlOrHH.
ABTOp H COaBTOp HCCKOJIbKHX MOHOrpacJ>HH H3 aHmHHCKOM H3BIKC
«KaTajior CKopnHOHOB MHpa», 2000) n 6ojibmoro ^ncjia naynHbix
craTCH no SOOJIOFHH, raaBHbiM o6pasoM B o6;iacTH CHCTeMaTH-
KH H SBOnKIIJHH CKOpnHOHOB.
C 1999 rofla ony6jiHKOBa;i 6ojiee ^ByxcoT CTHXOTBOPCHHH Ha pyc-
CKOM aabiKe, B OCHOBHOM B nepHOflHKe H ajibManaxax CIUA («BcTpeiH->,
«no6epe5Kbe>>, «AjibMaHax no33HH», «3epKaJio>) H repiviaHHH («JlHTepa-
TypHbiH eBponeeu;», «MocTbi»), a TaKace B POCCHH. ABTOP flByx KHHF: «nofl
CT6KJiOM>> (HoBOCn6HpcK, 2000) H «MHoroe HCHCHO» (HoBOCH6npCK,
2004). AMepuKancKHH KOppecnoHACHT JKypnajia «JlHTepaTypHbiH CBponeei;»
(ct>paHKc|)ypT-Ha-MaHHe, TepMaHHa). CTHneHAHaT XoTOpnflCHCKoro
MOKflyHapoflHoro jiHTeparypHoro cj5OHfla
2001). OAHH H3 asTopOB aHTOJiornn «O6maH Terpaflb. Ha
HOH pyCCKOH nO33HH CeBCpHOH AMCpHKH>> (M., 2007).
ABTOP flpaMaTHqecKHx npOHSBeflCHHH, scce, TeaTpaJibHbix peu,CH3HH,
a TaKxe necKOJibKHx saMCTOK o TBOP^CCTBC B. B. Ha6oKosa
B 3KypHajie "The Nabokovian" (KaHsac, CIIIA). Obeca B cTHxax
na flOJifl, HTIH MyTaHTHbiH MyroH» nepesefleHa na 6o/irapcKHH
(«TeaTi3p», CocJWH, 2007).
B PiHTepneTe: http://victorfet.com; http://www.ggause.com, http://
www.netslova.ru/fet.
JIOPH
PORVUICX B 1963 rofly B ropo^e OpCKe OpeH6yprcKOH o67iacTH.
YMH.TICH B OpCKOM neflarorHHecKOM HHCTHTyTe H KHinHiieBCKOM
yHHBepcHTCTe.
B 1996 roAy 3am,HTHJi flOKTopcKyio AHccepraqHio B CaHKT-Ile-
•rep6yprcKOM rocyflapCTBCHHOM yHHBepCHTCTe Ha reny «JlHpH^ie-
CKHH flHCKypC KaK o6'beKT JIMHrBOSCTCTHHeCKOH HHTCpnpeTaiJ,HH'>.
IlpocJDeccop KacJ)e/],pbi pyccicoro H3biKa, TeopHH H MCTOAHKH o6yHCHHH
pyccKOMy H3HKy OpcKoro ryMaHHTapno-TexHOJiorH^ecKoro HHCTH-
Tyra (cjjHJiHa/i Open6yprcKoro rocyAapCTBCHHoro yHHBepcuTCTa),
npocj)eccop KacjDCApbi reopHH aabiKa H nepeBOfla H^KCBCKOFO yHHBep-
CHTCTa.
ABTOP cTa TpHflu,aTH nayHHbix pa6or no CTH^HCTHKC, JIHHFBOSCe,
nepeBOflOBCfleHHio. TjiasHbie HS HHX — «JlHHrBoacTeTHHecKoe
568