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HAART<br />
I-HAART ithetha ukuthi Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy [Unyango<br />
olusebenzayo kakhulu lwe-Antiretroviral]. Ukuba ubalo lwamajoni<br />
omzimba wakho (CD4 count) ingaphantsi kwama-350 kufuneka uqalise<br />
ngonyango lwe-ARV uze uhlale kuzo ii-ARV ubomi bakho bonke. Oku<br />
kuza kunceda ekukhuseleni usana lwakho ekuthini losuleleke kuze<br />
kuphucule impilo yakho – eyona nto intle kakhulu onokuyinika usana<br />
lwakho, ngumama osempilweni!<br />
Ukuba ngaba ukwi-HAART umntwana wakho kuyakufuneka ukuba<br />
athathe i-nevirapine yonke imihla iiveki ezintandathu emva kokuba<br />
ezelwe.<br />
Funda amaphecana wethu athi “Ndine-HIV, Ngoku ke” nelithi “ii-ARV –<br />
ungayinqoba!” ukuze ufumane ulwazi olungakumbi ngee-ARV nokuphila<br />
ubomi obupheleleyo ube une-HIV.<br />
Impilo kaNina<br />
• Kubalulekile ukuzigcina usempilweni ngeli lixa ukhulelweyo.<br />
• Yitya ukudla okunesondlo uze uzinakekele.<br />
• Khumbula ukuba ukusela utywala kuyingozi xa ukhulelwe kwaye<br />
kuchaphazela impilo yosana lwakho – musa ukusela utywala xa<br />
ukhulelwe.<br />
• Buza kunompilo wakho ngezongezo zokudla ezifana nentsimbi<br />
yegazi (folic acid) encedisa ukukhulisa igazi onokuthi uyithathe<br />
phambi kokuthatha isigqibo sokuba nomntwana kunye nezongezo<br />
zentsimbi yegazi (folic acid) othi uyithathe xa ukhulelwe ukunqanda<br />
ukunqongophala kweseli ezibomvu zegazi.<br />
Izifo ezithatha amathuba<br />
• Ukuba uthi ube nokosuleleka sisifo esithatha amathuba<br />
ngeli lixa ukhulelweyo, sisenokonyusa amathuba okuba<br />
usana lwakho losuleleke yi-HIV. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa<br />
yokuba usuleleko lonyusa umthamo wentsholongwane<br />
luze lunciphise ubalo lwamajoni omzimba wakho.<br />
• Esona sifo sithatha amathuba esixhaphakileyo<br />
esinxulumene ne-HIV, sisifo sephepha (TB). Kubaluleke<br />
kakhulu ukuba uhlolelwe i-TB nje emva kokuba<br />
ufunyaniswe une-HIV.<br />
• Qinisekisa ukuba uyazinyanga ngokukhawuleza<br />
zonke izifo ezithatha amathuba uze unamathele<br />
ekusebenziseni ii-ARV zakho.<br />
• Ukunamathela kuthetha ukuthi usela amayeza akho<br />
rhoqo, ngexesha elinye mihla le njengoko kuchaziwe<br />
ngugqirha wakho. Oku kuza kukunceda ekuthini uhlale<br />
usempilweni kwaye kukhusele nosana lwakho!<br />
Ukukhusela i-HIV<br />
• Ukunciphisa inani labantu owabelana nabo ngesondo kunciphisa<br />
amathuba akho okufumana i-HIV.<br />
• Ukunxila kuphungula iintloni kwandise amathuba okuzibandakanya<br />
kwiintlobano zesini ezinobungozi. Hlisa izinga lakho lokusela utywala.<br />
• Usenokwabelana ngesondo kwaye ungayidluliseli kwiqabane lakho<br />
i-HIV ukuba usebenzisa ikhondomu rhoqo usabelana ngesondo.<br />
• Ungaze ulingene iqabane lakho kwilungu lobufazi okanye empundu<br />
ungasebenzisanga khondomu.<br />
• Fumana unyango ngokukhawuleza lwalo naluphi na usuleleko okanye<br />
incindi kwilungu lakho lobudoda, lobufazi okanye empundwini.<br />
Oonompilo baqeqeshiwe kwaye baqhelile ukubona amalungu esini.<br />
Akukho mfuneko yokuba neentloni.<br />
Uhlolo nencebiso nge-HIV (HCT)<br />
• Kufanele ufumane iingcebiso phambi nasemva kokwenza uhlolo.<br />
Iingcebiso zikulungiselela iziphumo, ngoko uthso ukwazi ukucinga<br />
ukuba iziphumo ezithi unayo okanye awunayo i-HIV zizakuchaphazela<br />
njani na.<br />
Ukuba ufunyenwe unayo i-HIV<br />
• Usenokuphila ubomi obupheleleyo nobesiqhelo, kuquka ukuba<br />
nosapho nokufezekisa amaphupha akho.<br />
• Sibulela kwii-ARV, i-HIV sisifo esilawulekayo esingapheliyo njengesifo<br />
seswekile okanye uxinzelekolegazi.<br />
• Yenza ubalo lwamajoni omzimba nohlolo lomthamo wentsholongwane<br />
ukwenzela ukuba wazi ukuba ufanele uziqale nini na ii-ARV.<br />
• Fumana ulwazi. Cwangcisa ikamva lakho. Thetha nonompilo wakho<br />
• Funda amaphecana ethu athi “Ndine-HIV, Ngoku kuzakwenzekani?”<br />
nelithi “ii-ARV – ungayinqoba!”.<br />
• Ukubambelela kunyango kuthetha ukuthatha iyeza lakho yonke imihla,<br />
ngexesha elinye njengoko kumiselwe ngumsebenzi wkaho wezempilo.<br />
Oku kuyakukunceda ukuba uhlale usempilweni kwaye kuyakukhusela<br />
umntwana wakho kananjalo.<br />
<strong>Zikhusele</strong> <strong>wena</strong>. <strong>Khusela</strong> <strong>nabanye</strong><br />
<br />
IsiXhosa<br />
156 Main Road Muizenberg,<br />
Cape Town<br />
Ifowuni: 021 788 9163<br />
www.beatit.co.za<br />
www.beatit.co.za<br />
Molweni. Igama lam nguNobuhle,<br />
ndine-HIV kwaye ndiphila ubomi<br />
obu mnandi.<br />
Ndisandul' ukufumana umntwana -<br />
akanayo i-HIV.<br />
Mandinichazele ukuba ukuba<br />
kwenzeke njani na.
YINTONI I-MTCT?<br />
I-MTCT imele ukuthi Mother to Child Transmission [Ukosuleleka<br />
okusuka kumama kusiya emntwaneni wakhe]. Oomama abane-HIV<br />
basenokugqithisela i-HIV kwiintsana zabo.<br />
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezinokuthi iintsana zosuleleke ngayo yi-HIV:<br />
• Ngeli lixa umama akhulelweyo ngalo (Esibelekweni)<br />
• Xa kubelekwa<br />
• Ngebisi lebele<br />
YINTONI I-PMTCT?<br />
I-PMTCT imele ukuthi Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission<br />
[Ukukhuselwa kokosuleleka okusuka kumama kusiya emntwaneni<br />
wakhe].<br />
Umama one-HIV anganciphisa ubungozi bokosuleleka kosana lwakhe nge-<br />
HIV ngokuthi asebenzise amachiza e-ARV.<br />
Ndisandul’ ukufumanisa ukuba ndikhulelwe –<br />
yintoni ekufanele ndiyenze ngoku?<br />
Into yokuqala ekufanele uyenze kukubhukhisha kwangethuba kwiklinikhi<br />
yabakhulelweyo ekufutshane nawe – nje ukufumanisa kwakho ukuba<br />
ukhulelwe.<br />
Uza kunikwa into ebizwa ngokuba yi-HIV Counselling and Testing (HCT)<br />
[Iingcebiso zokuzithandelanoHlolo] kwiklinikhi yakho ufumanise ukuba<br />
unayo okanye awunayo kusini na i-HIV.<br />
Ukuba awunayo i-HIV kufuneka uphinde uye kwenza uhlolo lwe-HIV<br />
kwakhona phakathi kweeveki ezingamashumi amathathu anesibini (32)<br />
kunye namashumi amathathu anesine (34) ukhulelwe. Oku kwenziwa<br />
kuba kusenokwenzeka ukuthi kanti “ukwisithuba sefestile” okanye ube uye<br />
wosuleleka emva kokuba uthathe isisu.<br />
Ukuba une-HIV kufuneka wenze ubalo lwamajoni omzimba nokuhlolelwa<br />
i-TB kwangolo suku okanye ngokukhawuleza.<br />
Ukuba ubalo lwamajoni omzimba wakho lungaphantsi kwamakhulu<br />
amathathu namashumi amahlanu (350) kufuneka uqalise nge-HAART<br />
uze usebenzise ii-ARV ubomi bakho bonke. Oku kuyimfanelo kwimpilo<br />
yakho nakwimpilo yosana lwakho.<br />
Ukuba ubalo lwamajoni omzimba wakho lungaphezu kwamakhulu<br />
amathathu namashumi amahlanu (350) kufanele uqalise ngonyango lwe-<br />
PMTCT ukuze ukhusele usana lwakho ekuthini losuleleke yi-HIV.<br />
Ubalo lwamajoni omzimba<br />
Ubalo lwamajoni omzimba wakho lwenza umlinganiselo <strong>wena</strong>ni<br />
lwamajoni omzimba kwithontsi ngalinye legazi. Ukwazi ngobalo<br />
lwamajoni omzimba wakho kukuchazela ukuba kufanele uqalise<br />
nini ukusebenzisa ii-ARV nokuba yeyiphi indlela ofanele uqalise<br />
ngayo. Unelungelo lokwenza ubalo lwamajoni omzimba rhoqo emva<br />
kweenyanga ezintandathu (6).<br />
Unyango lwe-PMTCT (Ubalo lwamajoni omzimba<br />
olungaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu namashumi<br />
amahlnu (350))<br />
Kukho amanyathelo amaninzi kwiprotokoli yeye-PMTCT. Kubalulekile<br />
ukulandela inyathelo ngalinye ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyalukhusela usana<br />
lwakho kwi-HIV.<br />
Inyathelo lokuqala: Ukukhulelwa<br />
Xa uneeveki ezilishumi elinesine (14) ukhulelwe, kufuneka uqalise<br />
ukusebenzisa i-AZT kabini ngemini mihla le.<br />
Inyathelo lesibini: Ukubeleka/Ukuzala<br />
Xa ubeleka, uza kunikwa ithamo elinye le-Nevirapine (NVP).Uza<br />
kunikwa neAZT kwakhona rhoqo emva kweeyure ezintathu ngeli xesha<br />
lokubeleka de lube luzelwe usana.<br />
Inyathelo lesithathu: Ukuzalwa<br />
Lwakube luzelwe usana lwakho luza kunikwa isiraphu ye-Nevirapine<br />
kwiiyure ezingama-72.<br />
Uyakunikwa i-tenofovir (TDF) ne-emtracitabine (FTC) emva kokubeleka<br />
- oku kufuneka kuthathwe ngoko nangoko.<br />
Inyathelo lesine: Usana<br />
Unyango lomntwana wakho luxhomekeke kwindlela yokondla<br />
oyikhethayo, mhlawumbi wondle ngobisi olungumgubo lweentsana<br />
kuphela okanye uncancise kuphela.<br />
Ukuba ngaba ukhetha ukondla ngobisi olungumgubo lweentsana<br />
kuphela, umntwana wakho kufuneka athathe i-nevirapine (NVP) yonke<br />
imihla iiveki ezintandathu.<br />
Ukuba ngaba ukhetha ukuncancisa kuphela, umntwana wakho<br />
kufuneka athathe i-nevirapine (NVP) yonke imihla ukuba usancancisa.<br />
Ngenxa yokuba une-HIV kucetyiswa ukuba yeka ukuncancisa emva<br />
kweenyanga ezintandathu (6).<br />
Inyathelo lesihlanu: Ukuhlolelwa i-HIV kosana lwakho<br />
Kufuneka uye nosana lwakho eklinikhi xa luneeveki ezintandathu(6)<br />
ubudala ukuze lugonywe nokuba lwenziwe uhlolo lwe-HIV. Uhlolo<br />
lwe-HIV lubizwa ngokuba luhlolo lwe-PCR. Uhlolo lwe-PCR lwenza<br />
umlinganiselo wokuba ikhona na intsholongwane kaGawulayo, hayi<br />
ii-antibodies zentsholongwane kaGawualyo. Kubalulekile ukuba wenze<br />
isicelo sohlolo lwe-PCR kwiklinikhi ekufutshane nawe ukwenzel’ ukuba<br />
wazi ukuba usana lwakho lunayo okanye alunayo kusini na i-HIV.<br />
Usana lwakho kufuneka luqaliswe ngonyango lwe-Cotrimoxazole<br />
(Bactrim) ngeli thuba niye ngalo eklinikhi. Olu nyango kufuneka<br />
luyekiswe kuphela xa usana lwakho luthe lwafunyaniswa lungenayo<br />
i-HIV.<br />
Kuza kufuneka uphindele eklinikhi xa usana lwakho luneeveki<br />
ezilishumi (10) ubudala ukuze ufumane iziphumo zohlolo. Kuza<br />
kufuneka ubuyele eklinikhi kwangethuba ukuba usana lwakho<br />
aluphilanga.<br />
Inyathelo lesithandathu: Ukuyeka ukuncancisa<br />
Ukuba ukhetha ukuncancisa usana lwakho, kuza kufuneka uluse<br />
eklinikhi emva kweeveki ezintandathu (6) uyekile ukuluncancisa<br />
ukuze lwenziwe olunye uhlolo lwe-PCR. Ngenxa yokuba une-<br />
HIV kucetyiswa ukuba yeka ukuncancisa emva kweenyanga<br />
ezintandathu (6).<br />
Ukutyisa usana lwakho<br />
Kukuwe mama ukukhetha ukuluncancisa kuphela usana lwakho<br />
okanye ukulunika ubisi olungumgubo kuphela. Kodwa zikho izinto<br />
omele ucinge ngazo phambi kokuba wenze eso sigqibo.<br />
Ukusebenzisa indlela enye kuphela kuthetha ukuba usebenzisa<br />
ubisi olungumgubo okanye uyancancisa kuphela. Ungayixubi indlela<br />
otyisa ngayo kuba oku kunokwandisa ingozi yokosulela umntwana<br />
wakho nge-HIV.<br />
Phambi kokuba ugqibe ukuba yeyiphi indlela ekulungeleyo, thetha<br />
nonompilo wakho ukuze uxoxe banzi ngokhetho neengenelo kunye<br />
neengxaki zokhetho ngalunye. Oku kuthetha ukuba usenokwenza<br />
ukhetho olululo – olulungele <strong>wena</strong> nosana lwakho.<br />
Ukuncancisa:<br />
Umntwana wakho usenokufumana i-HIV kubiisi lwakho lwebele.<br />
Usana lunenwebu e-ethe-ethe yesisu kunye neyamathumbu.<br />
Ukunika umntwana nantoni na engelulo ubisi lwebele, nokuba<br />
ngamanzi okanye liyeza, kunokutyabula amathumbu kwenze<br />
imisiko kuwo. Le misiko inokwenza indawo ekungena kuyo i-HIV<br />
isuka kubisi lwebele iye esiswini sosana. Usana lusenokufumana<br />
i-nevirapine efunekayo njengenxenye yeprotokoli yeye-PMTCT, kunye<br />
namanye amayeza njengoko kuchaziwe ngugqirha. Kufuneka unike<br />
umntwana wakho i-nevirapine ukumkhusela ekubeni afumane i-HIV<br />
kubisi lwakho lwebele. Ukuba ngaba une-HIV, kucetyiswa ukuba<br />
uyeke ukuncancisa emva kweenyanga ezintandathu.<br />
Ubisi olungumgubo:<br />
Ukuba ukhetha ukutyisa usana lwakho ubisi olungumgubo<br />
kuphela, uza kunikwa ubisi eklinikhi. Kubalulekile kakhulu ube<br />
nokufumana amanzi acocekileyo kwaye kufuneka ugcine amacephe<br />
okuxuba, ikomityi okanye ibhotile zicocekile. Kufuneka uzihlambe<br />
zonke ezi zinto emanzini abilayo ukuze ubulale iintsholongwane.<br />
Iintsholongwane ezisemanzini angacocekanga okanye kwizixhobo<br />
zokutyisa usana zisenokulugulisa usana lwakho ngokuthi lube nesifo<br />
sorhudo kunye nokugabha. Kulula kakhulu ukugcina ikomityi kunye<br />
necephe lokuxuba zicocekile kunokugcina kucoceke iibhotile neetiti.<br />
Ngenxa yesi sizathu ukutyisa ngekomityi yindlela ekhuselekileyo<br />
kunokutyisa ngebhotile.
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