ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ت ا ا ا ا د م ٢٠٠٨ ٧-٩ إ هـ ا ا ١٤٢٩ ر ا ١
ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ت ا ا ا ا د م ٢٠٠٨ ٧-٩ إ هـ ا ا ١٤٢٩ ر ا ١
ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ت ا ا ا ا د م ٢٠٠٨ ٧-٩ إ هـ ا ا ١٤٢٩ ر ا ١
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<strong>١</strong><strong>١</strong><br />
<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong><strong>ر</strong>آز <strong>ا</strong>لفعلي و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ت</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضي (<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong><strong>ت</strong>وقع) للح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئق<br />
ب<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ٕض<strong>ا</strong>فة لذلك فق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>م</strong> <strong>م</strong>لحق <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong>حليل <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>ك<strong>ا</strong>ني ل<strong>ت</strong>ح<strong>د</strong>ي<strong>د</strong> نقطة <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong><strong>م</strong><strong>ر</strong>آز <strong>ا</strong>لفعلي أو <strong>ا</strong>لو<strong>ا</strong>قعي Mean<br />
<strong>ا</strong>لنقطة <strong>ا</strong>لخض<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ء على <strong>ا</strong>لخ<strong>ر</strong>يطة) ونقطة <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong><strong>م</strong><strong>ر</strong>آز <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ت</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضي أو <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>ث<strong>ا</strong>لي (<strong>ا</strong>لنقطة <strong>ا</strong>لصف<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ء)<br />
حيث يظه<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لشكل <strong>ر</strong>ق<strong>م</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ب نقط<strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong><strong>م</strong><strong>ر</strong>آز <strong>ا</strong>لفعلي و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ت</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضي <strong>م</strong>ن بعضه<strong>م</strong><strong>ا</strong>، <strong>م</strong>ع <strong>ا</strong>نح<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ف يسي<strong>ر</strong> لل<strong>م</strong><strong>ر</strong>آز<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ت</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضي نحو <strong>ا</strong>لش<strong>م</strong><strong>ا</strong>ل في <strong>إ</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ة <strong>إ</strong>لى <strong>م</strong>يل نحو <strong>ت</strong><strong>ر</strong>آز حقيقي للح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئق نحو ش<strong>م</strong><strong>ا</strong>ل ج<strong>د</strong>ة. (شكل <strong>ر</strong>ق<strong>م</strong><br />
(<strong>٧</strong><br />
Central<br />
٤<br />
) Center<br />
.<br />
شكل <strong>ر</strong>ق<strong>م</strong>(<strong>٧</strong>) آث<strong>ا</strong>فة <strong>ت</strong>وزيع <strong>ا</strong>لح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئق<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>ص<strong>د</strong><strong>ر</strong>: ع<strong>م</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>لب<strong>ا</strong>حثة على ب<strong>ر</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong>ج<br />
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