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<strong>ت</strong>ح<strong>د</strong>ي<strong>د</strong> شكل <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لجغ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>في للح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئق و<strong>م</strong><strong>ر</strong>آز ثقله<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لفعلي و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong><strong>ت</strong>وقع و<strong>م</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong>طه ب<strong>ت</strong>وزيع <strong>ا</strong>لسك<strong>ا</strong>ن و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong><br />
<strong>ا</strong>لع<strong>م</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ني، وذلك <strong>م</strong>ن خل<strong>ا</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong> <strong>م</strong>لحق <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong>حلي <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>ك<strong>ا</strong>ني في ب<strong>ر</strong><strong>م</strong>جي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> نظ<strong>م</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>علو<strong>م</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لجغ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>فية.<br />
<strong>د</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>سة خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص و<strong>م</strong><strong>م</strong>يز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئق <strong>ا</strong>لن<strong>م</strong>وذجية <strong>ا</strong>لع<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong>ة <strong>م</strong>ن حيث <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>وقع و<strong>ا</strong>لشكل و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>حة.<br />
<strong>م</strong><strong>د</strong>ى <strong>م</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ئ<strong>م</strong>ة و<strong>م</strong>و<strong>ا</strong>فقة خص<strong>ا</strong>ئص و<strong>م</strong><strong>م</strong>يز<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئق <strong>ا</strong>لن<strong>م</strong>وذجية <strong>ا</strong>لع<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong>ة لل<strong>م</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong>يي<strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لوطنية و<strong>ا</strong>لع<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>ية.<br />
.٢<br />
.٣<br />
.٤<br />
<strong>م</strong>نهج <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>د</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>سة<br />
سي<strong>ت</strong><strong>م</strong> <strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong> ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong> <strong>م</strong>ن<br />
<strong>ت</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>م</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>د</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>سة <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>نهج <strong>ا</strong>لوصفي في <strong>ت</strong>حليل <strong>ا</strong>لبي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لخ<strong>ا</strong>صة ب<strong>ا</strong>لح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئق، وفي ذلك <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>لحق <strong>ا</strong>لخ<strong>ا</strong>ص ب<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong>حليل<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ٕحص<strong>ا</strong>ئية <strong>ا</strong>لبي<strong>ا</strong>نية ل<strong>ت</strong>حليل ن<strong>م</strong>ط <strong>ت</strong>وزيع <strong>ا</strong>لح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئق وأشك<strong>ا</strong>له<strong>ا</strong> و<strong>م</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>ح<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong>. و<strong>م</strong>ن ذلك وعلى وجه <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong>ح<strong>د</strong>ي<strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>حليل صلة <strong>ا</strong>لجو<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> و<strong>ت</strong>حليل<br />
<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>ك<strong>ا</strong>ني في ب<strong>ر</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong>ج نظ<strong>م</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>علو<strong>م</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لجغ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>فية<br />
آي<strong>ر</strong>نل و<strong>م</strong><strong>ر</strong>آز <strong>ا</strong>لثقل <strong>ا</strong>لفعلي و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong><strong>ت</strong>وقع للح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئق.<br />
<strong>إ</strong>ج<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ء<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>د</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>سة<br />
<strong>١</strong>٠.٠٠٠<br />
ArcGIS ArcInfo<br />
.<br />
<strong>١</strong>٢٣<br />
سوف <strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>ر</strong>ى <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>د</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>سة على ج<strong>م</strong>يع ح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئق <strong>م</strong><strong>د</strong>ينة ج<strong>د</strong>ة و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong>ي <strong>ت</strong>زي<strong>د</strong> <strong>م</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>ح<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> عن <strong>م</strong><strong>ت</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>م</strong><strong>ر</strong>بع ، ويبلغ<br />
ع<strong>د</strong><strong>د</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> ح<strong>د</strong>يقة. وسوف ي<strong>ت</strong><strong>م</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>م</strong>ثيل <strong>ا</strong>لن<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئج في ج<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ول وخ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئط ل<strong>ا</strong>ٕظه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> ن<strong>م</strong>ط <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ش<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لجغ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>في، و<strong>ت</strong>سهيل<br />
<strong>م</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> ، و<strong>ت</strong>فسي<strong>ر</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> حيث سوف يس<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>م</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>ب<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ٕحص<strong>ا</strong>ئية و<strong>ا</strong>لك<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ت</strong>وغ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>فية <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>لية:<br />
Nearest Neighbor Analysis<br />
في ب<strong>ر</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong>ج نظ<strong>م</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>علو<strong>م</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لجغ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>فية<br />
<strong>ت</strong>حليل صلة <strong>ا</strong>لجو<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><br />
ل<strong>ت</strong>ح<strong>د</strong>ي<strong>د</strong> ن<strong>م</strong>ط <strong>ت</strong>وزيع <strong>ا</strong>لح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئق وشكل <strong>ت</strong>وزيعه<strong>ا</strong> على <strong>م</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>حة <strong>ا</strong>لل<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>د</strong>سكيب <strong>ا</strong>لذي <strong>ت</strong><strong>ت</strong>كون<br />
<strong>م</strong>نه <strong>م</strong><strong>د</strong>ينة ج<strong>د</strong>ة<br />
ل<strong>ت</strong>ح<strong>د</strong>ي<strong>د</strong><br />
في ب<strong>ر</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong>ج نظ<strong>م</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>علو<strong>م</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لجغ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>فية<br />
في <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>لحق<br />
<strong>ت</strong>حليل <strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>ا</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ت</strong>وزيع <strong>ا</strong>لح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئق على <strong>م</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>حة <strong>ا</strong>لل<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>د</strong>سكيب في <strong>م</strong>ح<strong>ا</strong>فظة ج<strong>د</strong>ة.<br />
و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ف<strong>ت</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ضي أو <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong><strong>ت</strong>وقع<br />
آث<strong>ا</strong>فة <strong>ت</strong>وزيع <strong>ا</strong>لح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئق و<strong>م</strong><strong>ر</strong>آزه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لفعلي<br />
ArcGIS V.9.2<br />
Central<br />
Mean center<br />
Spatial Analyst<br />
ArcGIS V.9.2<br />
.<br />
Kernel<br />
.<strong>١</strong><br />
.٢<br />
.٣<br />
وق<strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong><strong>م</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لع<strong>م</strong>ل على ب<strong>ر</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong>ج نظ<strong>م</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>علو<strong>م</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لجغ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>فية ArcGIS-V9.1)<br />
( ض<strong>م</strong>ن خطة <strong>ا</strong>لع<strong>م</strong>ل <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>لية:<br />
<strong>ت</strong>ج<strong>م</strong>يع <strong>ا</strong>لبي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong><strong>ت</strong>وف<strong>ر</strong>ة <strong>م</strong>ن <strong>م</strong>ص<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong><strong>ر</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>لفة (خ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئط، ج<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ول، بي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> وصفية، صو<strong>ر</strong> أق<strong>م</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><br />
صن<strong>ا</strong>عية، بي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ر</strong>ق<strong>م</strong>ية بو<strong>ا</strong>سطة نظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong>وقيع <strong>ا</strong>لع<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>ي (GPS .<br />
<strong>ت</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ت</strong>يب <strong>ا</strong>لبي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> و<strong>ت</strong>بويبه<strong>ا</strong> و<strong>ت</strong>حويله<strong>ا</strong> <strong>إ</strong>لى بي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ر</strong>ق<strong>م</strong>ية ي<strong>م</strong>كن <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong>ل <strong>م</strong>عه<strong>ا</strong> ح<strong>ا</strong>سوبي<strong>ا</strong>" وع<strong>ر</strong>ضه<strong>ا</strong> على<br />
ب<strong>ر</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong>ج لغ<strong>ا</strong>ي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>د</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>سة و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong>حليل.<br />
<strong>ا</strong>لقي<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong> بزي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>م</strong>ي<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>نية ل<strong>ر</strong>ص<strong>د</strong> بعض <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>و<strong>ا</strong>قع بو<strong>ا</strong>سطة جه<strong>ا</strong>ز <strong>ت</strong>ح<strong>د</strong>ي<strong>د</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>و<strong>ا</strong>قع جي بي أس GPS لل<strong>ت</strong>حقق<br />
<strong>م</strong>ن صحة <strong>إ</strong>ح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ثي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> بعض <strong>ا</strong>لبي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong>ي آ<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ت</strong> <strong>م</strong>وضع شك <strong>م</strong>ن قبل <strong>ا</strong>لب<strong>ا</strong>حثة.<br />
<strong>إ</strong>ع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ة <strong>ت</strong>هيئة ج<strong>م</strong>يع <strong>ا</strong>لبي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ر</strong>ق<strong>م</strong>ية بع<strong>د</strong> <strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>يله<strong>ا</strong> و<strong>م</strong>ط<strong>ا</strong>بق<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong><strong>ا</strong>ٔآ<strong>د</strong> <strong>م</strong>ن صح<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> للب<strong>د</strong>ء بع<strong>م</strong>لية <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>د</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>سة<br />
و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong>حليل.<br />
<strong>ا</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لو<strong>ا</strong>جه<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ر</strong>ئيسية <strong>ا</strong>لثل<strong>ا</strong>ث لب<strong>ر</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong>ج ArcGIS وهي:<br />
ل<strong>ا</strong>ٕع<strong>ا</strong><strong>د</strong>ة بن<strong>ا</strong>ء <strong>ا</strong>لطبق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لنقطية و<strong>ا</strong>لخطية و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>حية <strong>م</strong>ن<br />
و<strong>ا</strong>جهة ب<strong>ر</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong>ج<br />
حيث نظ<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ٕسق<strong>ا</strong>ط <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>س<strong>ت</strong>خ<strong>د</strong><strong>م</strong> و<strong>م</strong><strong>ر</strong>جع <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ٕح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ثي<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>لجغ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>فية ب<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ٕض<strong>ا</strong>فة <strong>إ</strong>لى حس<strong>ا</strong>ب <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ا</strong>ٔطو<strong>ا</strong>ل<br />
و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>س<strong>ا</strong>ح<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> لح<strong>ا</strong>ج<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> في <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong>حليل و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong>وزيع <strong>ا</strong>لجغ<strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>في.<br />
لع<strong>ر</strong>ض ج<strong>م</strong>يع <strong>ا</strong>لبي<strong>ا</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>خ<strong>ت</strong>لفة و<strong>م</strong>ط<strong>ا</strong>بق<strong>ت</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong> و<strong>ت</strong>ع<strong>د</strong>يله<strong>ا</strong> و<strong>ت</strong>فسي<strong>ر</strong>ه<strong>ا</strong><br />
و<strong>ا</strong>جهة ب<strong>ر</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong>ج<br />
(Arc Catalog)<br />
(Arc Map)<br />
(Arc Toolbox)<br />
ArcGIS<br />
.<br />
-a<br />
-b<br />
-c<br />
ل<strong>ت</strong>حويل صيغ <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>لف<strong>ا</strong><strong>ت</strong> و<strong>ا</strong>لب<strong>د</strong>ء بع<strong>م</strong>لية <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>د</strong><strong>ر</strong><strong>ا</strong>سة و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong>حليل<br />
و<strong>ا</strong>جهة ب<strong>ر</strong>ن<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong>ج<br />
و<strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>م</strong>ق<strong>ا</strong><strong>ر</strong>نة ون<strong>م</strong>ط <strong>ا</strong>ل<strong>ت</strong>وزيع للح<strong>د</strong><strong>ا</strong>ئق <strong>ا</strong>لن<strong>م</strong>وذجية <strong>ا</strong>لع<strong>ا</strong><strong>م</strong>ة في <strong>م</strong><strong>د</strong>ينة ج<strong>د</strong>ة.<br />
-<strong>١</strong><br />
-٢<br />
-٣<br />
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-٥
Change language