essentials of anatomy and physiology; 5e

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xvi Contents CHAPTER 22 An Introduction to Microbiology and Human Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .496 Classification of Microorganisms, 498 Normal Flora, 500 Infectious Disease, 500 Epidemiology, 503 Methods of Control of Microbes, 504 The Pathogens, 507 Appendixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .528 A Units of Measure, 528 B Abbreviations, 530 C Normal Values for Some Commonly Used Blood Tests, 532 D Normal Values for Some Commonly Used Urine Tests, 533 E Eponymous Terms, 534 F Prefixes, Combining Word Roots, and Suffixes Used in Medical Terminology, 535 G Answers to the Illustration Questions, 539 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .547 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .589
CHAPTER 1 Organization and General Plan of the Body 1
Page 2: List of Boxes Clinical applications
Page 6 and 7: F. A. Davis Company 1915 Arch Stree
Page 8 and 9: To the Instructor A s the science a
Page 10 and 11: To the Student This is your textboo
Page 12 and 13: x To the Student We hope this textb
Page 14 and 15: Contents CHAPTER 1 Organization and
Page 16 and 17: xiv Contents Testes, 243 Other Horm
Page 20 and 21: CHAPTER 1 Chapter Outline Levels of
Page 22 and 23: 4 Organization and General Plan of
Page 26 and 27: Muscular system Nervous system Skel
Page 32 and 33: Table 1-3 TERMS OF LOCATION AND POS
Page 40 and 41: CHAPTER 2 Chapter Outline Elements
Page 42 and 43: 24 Some Basic Chemistry When you he
Page 44 and 45: 26 Some Basic Chemistry Na + Cl = N
Page 46 and 47: 28 Some Basic Chemistry A strand of
Page 48 and 49: 30 Some Basic Chemistry BOX 2-1 BLO
Page 50 and 51: 32 Some Basic Chemistry Figure 2-5.
Page 52 and 53: 34 Some Basic Chemistry but the phy
Page 54 and 55: Triglyceride Glycerol 3 Fatty acids
Page 56 and 57: 38 Some Basic Chemistry A Amino aci
Page 58 and 59: 40 Some Basic Chemistry Active site
Page 60 and 61: 42 Some Basic Chemistry nucleotides
Page 62 and 63: 44 Some Basic Chemistry 6. Acids, b
Page 64 and 65: CHAPTER 3 Chapter Outline Cell Stru
Page 66 and 67: 48 Cells All living organisms are m
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50 Cells Cilia Microvilli Golgi app
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52 Cells Table 3-1 Organelle Endopl
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54 Cells FACILITATED DIFFUSION The
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56 Cells pumping of the heart. Filt
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58 Cells Recall that in Chapter 2 y
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60 Cells CELL DIVISION Cell divisio
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62 Cells Nucleus Interphase Prophas
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64 Cells STUDY OUTLINE Human cells
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66 Cells FOR FURTHER THOUGHT 1. Ant
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CHAPTER 4 Chapter Outline Epithelia
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70 Tissues and Membranes A tissue i
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72 Tissues and Membranes bladder fi
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74 Tissues and Membranes BOX 4-1 CY
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76 Tissues and Membranes Cartilage
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78 Tissues and Membranes BOX 4-2 VI
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Smooth muscle Skeletal muscle Cardi
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82 Tissues and Membranes Neurons Ce
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84 Tissues and Membranes Table 4-5
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86 Tissues and Membranes 3. Special
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CHAPTER 5 Chapter Outline The Skin
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90 The Integumentary System The int
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Stratum corneum Langerhans cell Mel
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94 The Integumentary System Melanoc
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96 The Integumentary System or arre
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98 The Integumentary System However
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100 The Integumentary System Table
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102 The Integumentary System 6. Apo
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CHAPTER 6 Chapter Outline Functions
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106 The Skeletal System Imagine for
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108 The Skeletal System are attache
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Chondrocytes producing cartilage B
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112 The Skeletal System Several hor
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114 The Skeletal System Zygomatic a
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116 The Skeletal System Palatine pr
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Table 6-2 BONES OF THE SKULL—IMPO
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• 120 The Skeletal System Cervica
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122 The Skeletal System BOX 6-4 the
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• Acromial end Acromicon process
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Figure 6-13. Hip bones and sacrum.
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128 The Skeletal System Table 6-4 B
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Synovial membrane Bone Joint capsul
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132 The Skeletal System 3. Hormones
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134 The Skeletal System stomachs. S
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CHAPTER 7 Chapter Outline Muscle St
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138 The Muscular System Do you like
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140 The Muscular System motor areas
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142 The Muscular System is glycogen
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B Bundles of muscle cells Muscle ce
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146 The Muscular System CONTRACTION
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BOX 7-3 MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY Muscular
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150 The Muscular System Flexion Ext
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Trapezius Deltoid Biceps brachii Br
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Epicranial aponeurosis Orbicularis
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156 The Muscular System Deltoid Del
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Iliopsoas Pectineus Gluteus maximus
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160 The Muscular System tion of var
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162 The Muscular System 14. In term
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CHAPTER 8 Chapter Outline Nervous S
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166 The Nervous System Most of us c
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168 The Nervous System BOX 8-1 MULT
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170 The Nervous System TYPES OF NEU
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172 The Nervous System Table 8-2 St
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174 The Nervous System Table 8-3 MA
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176 The Nervous System BOX 8-3 SPIN
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178 The Nervous System Lateral vent
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180 The Nervous System In the human
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182 The Nervous System The auditory
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184 The Nervous System BOX 8-7 PARK
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186 The Nervous System Cranial meni
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188 The Nervous System Optic chiasm
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Sympathetic Parasympathetic Eye Cil
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192 The Nervous System STUDY OUTLIN
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194 The Nervous System 6. As tissue
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CHAPTER 9 Chapter Outline Sensory P
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198 The Senses Our senses constantl
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200 The Senses wood floor, concrete
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202 The Senses indistinct). There a
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204 The Senses Levator palpebrae su
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206 The Senses Pigment cells Choroi
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BOX 9-3 ERRORS OF REFRACTION Normal
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210 The Senses The importance of pu
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212 The Senses Semicircular canals
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214 The Senses BOX 9-5 DEAFNESS Dea
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216 The Senses ARTERIAL RECEPTORS T
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218 The Senses 7. Ciliary body (mus
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220 The Senses for lunch he decided
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CHAPTER 10 Chapter Outline Chemistr
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224 The Endocrine System We have al
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226 The Endocrine System Figure 10-
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228 The Endocrine System Oxytocin O
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230 The Endocrine System BOX 10-1 D
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232 The Endocrine System T and T 4
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234 The Endocrine System Bones Kidn
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236 The Endocrine System Hyperglyce
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240 The Endocrine System The functi
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244 The Endocrine System Other clai
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246 The Endocrine System STUDY OUTL
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248 The Endocrine System membrane,
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CHAPTER 11 Chapter Outline Characte
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252 Blood One of the simplest and m
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254 Blood BLOOD CELLS There are thr
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256 Blood A C B D Figure 11-3. Bloo
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258 Blood RBCs Circulate 120 days M
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A ABO blood types B Typing and cros
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262 Blood A normal WBC count (part
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264 Blood BOX 11-5 WHITE BLOOD CELL
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266 Blood Table 11-3 CHEMICAL CLOTT
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268 Blood and if it were inside a v
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270 Blood 4. Platelet plugs—ruptu
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CHAPTER 12 Chapter Outline Location
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274 The Heart In the embryo, the he
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276 The Heart Left subclavian arter
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278 The Heart Aorta Coronary sinus
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280 The Heart BOX 12-1 CORONARY ART
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282 The Heart BOX 12-3 ELECTROCARDI
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284 The Heart Table 12-2 PHYSIOLOGY
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286 The Heart AGING AND THE HEART T
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288 The Heart pulses because of the
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C CHAPTER 13 Chapter Outline Arteri
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292 The Vascular System The role of
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294 The Vascular System BOX 13-1 DI
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296 The Vascular System The amount
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298 The Vascular System Anterior fa
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300 The Vascular System Table 13-1
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302 The Vascular System Table 13-2
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304 The Vascular System BOX 13-3 PU
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306 The Vascular System Aorta Arter
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308 The Vascular System BOX 13-4 HY
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310 The Vascular System Adrenal gla
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312 The Vascular System Lung and va
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314 The Vascular System BOX 13-5 CI
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316 The Vascular System right atriu
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318 The Vascular System autonomic n
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CHAPTER 14 Chapter Outline Lymph Ly
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322 The Lymphatic System and Immuni
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CHAPTER 15 Chapter Outline Division
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344 The Respiratory System Sometime
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346 The Respiratory System the aden
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348 The Respiratory System Frontal
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350 The Respiratory System A Red bl
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BOX 15-3 PNEUMOTHORAX Pneumothorax
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354 The Respiratory System Liters 6
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356 The Respiratory System Alveoli
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358 The Respiratory System Carbon d
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360 The Respiratory System O 2 CO2
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362 The Respiratory System SUMMARY
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364 The Respiratory System • Phys
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366 The Respiratory System 5. At a
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CHAPTER 16 Chapter Outline Division
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370 The Digestive System A hurried
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372 The Digestive System the roots
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374 The Digestive System Table 16-1
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376 The Digestive System thin layer
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378 The Digestive System ence of fo
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Inferior vena cava Right hepatic ve
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382 The Digestive System Hepatic du
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384 The Digestive System called the
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386 The Digestive System BOX 16-4 I
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388 The Digestive System The liver
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390 The Digestive System periodonta
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392 The Digestive System amino acid
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CHAPTER 17 Chapter Outline Body Tem
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396 Body Temperature and Metabolism
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Box 17-6 LEPTIN AND BODY-MASS INDEX
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CHAPTER 18 Chapter Outline Kidneys
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420 The Urinary System The first su
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422 The Urinary System Nephron Rena
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424 The Urinary System of the effer
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426 The Urinary System Proximal con
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428 The Urinary System plasma, diss
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430 The Urinary System Peritubular
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432 The Urinary System Parietal per
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434 The Urinary System BOX 18-5 BLO
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436 The Urinary System tubule that
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438 The Urinary System FOR FURTHER
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M CHAPTER 19 Chapter Outline Water
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442 Fluid-Electrolyte and Acid-Base
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CHAPTER 20 Chapter Outline Meiosis
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456 The Reproductive Systems The pu
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Stem cell Mitosis Oogonium New stem
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460 The Reproductive Systems Sperma
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462 The Reproductive Systems BOX 20
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464 The Reproductive Systems Fimbri
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466 The Reproductive Systems urethr
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468 The Reproductive Systems Table
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470 The Reproductive Systems Table
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472 The Reproductive Systems 3. Ute
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CHAPTER 21 Chapter Outline Human De
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476 Human Development and Genetics
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2 cell stage (36 hours) 4 cell stag
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Table 21-2 GROWTH OF THE EMBRYO-FET
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CHAPTER 22 Chapter Outline Classifi
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498 An Introduction to Microbiology
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Table 22-3 DISEASES CAUSED BY BACTE
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Table 22-3 DISEASES CAUSED BY BACTE
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Table 22-4 Virus DISEASES CAUSED BY
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Table 22-4 Virus DISEASES CAUSED BY
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APPENDIX A Units of Measure 528
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APPENDIX B Abbreviations The use of
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APPENDIX C Normal Values for Some C
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APPENDIX E Eponymous Terms An epony
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536 Prefixes, Combining Word Roots,
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538 Prefixes, Combining Word Roots,
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540 Answers to Illustration Questio
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548 Glossary teeth, tongue, salivar
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550 Glossary Anterior (an-TEER-ee-y
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552 Glossary Bacteria (bak-TEER-ee-
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554 Glossary Cartilage (KAR-ti-lidj
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556 Glossary Codon (KOH-don) The se
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558 Glossary the liver when excess
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560 Glossary Emulsify (e-MULL-si-fy
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562 Glossary cise for the colon and
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564 Glossary cose to glycogen to be
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566 Glossary Hyperglycemia (HIGH-pe
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568 Glossary Isotonic exercise (EYE
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570 Glossary pathogens, dead or dam
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572 Glossary Muscle tone (MUSS-uhl
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574 Glossary Oligodendrocyte (ah-li
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576 Glossary Pentose sugar (PEN-toh
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578 Glossary Projection (proh-JEK-s
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580 Glossary loop of Henle, distal
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582 Glossary that is a consequence
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584 Glossary sucrose to glucose and
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586 Glossary Transient flora (TRAN-
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588 Glossary Visceral (VISS-er-uhl)
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590 Index Anterior cerebral artery,
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592 Index Cellulose, 34 Cementum, 3
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594 Index Ethmoid bone, 113, 115f,
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596 Index Hypothermia, 400b, 402f H
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598 Index Motion sickness, 216b Mot
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600 Index Prostaglandins (PGs), 244
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602 Index Sub-clinical infection, 5
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12-2 Heart Murmur, 281 12-3 Electro
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