"Original Article" Surface - IAGH

|ðõüvñlû ìvEõë: OùpAó, gýBGBó ÞBoâp yíBèþ, GýíBouPBó ypüÏPþ, ìpÞr 

OdÛýÛBR GýíBoüùBÿ âõAo} ô ÞHl 

Ktôøzãp, ìpÞr OdÛýÛBR GýíBoüùBÿ âõAo} ô ÞHl, kAðzãBû Îéõï Kryßþ OùpAó 

3 AuPBküBo, ìpÞr ÚéI OùpAó, kAðzãBû Îéõï Kryßþ OùpAó 

Þéýl ôAsû: |@yBæqÿ, AqôÖBâõâpAï qìBó|Gñlÿ ylû, uÇe, ÖzBo Au×ñßPp OdPBðþ ìpÿ 

âõAo}/ kôoû 01, yíBoû 1, GùBo 4831|, 11-61||| 

^ßýlû 

âõAo} / |kôoû 01/ yíBoû 1/ GùBo |4831| 

AðlAqû|âýpÿ AoO×BÑ Gú OñùBüþ GpOpÿ kAok, ^pA Þú AoO×BÑ ô ÚÇp oA Gú|ÆõoøírìBó AðlAqû ìþ|âýpk. AðlAqû|âýpÿ uÇe AoqAó ô kokuPpx AuQ ô ÚBGéýQ Oõèýl 

ìXlk oA kAoA ìþ|GByl. GñBGpAüò Gú|WBÿ ìBðõìPpÿ ko Kýãýpÿ GýíBoAó ÚBGê AuP×Bkû AuQ. 

ðPýXú|âýpÿ 

uÇe GBoüî GBÚýíBðlû ko ìpÿ ko 5 kÚýÛú Gú|ÎñõAó üà ôuýéú Îýñþ GpAÿ AoqüBGþ GýíBoAó GB @yBæqÿ Aôèýú ÚBGê AuP×Bkû AuQ. AðlAqû|âýpÿ uÇe Gp 

ìÛBküp Ký{ Aq AOvBÑ ìÏñþ|kAo Gõk. uÇe 5 kÚýÛú, AoOHBÆþ ìÇéõJ (øíHvPãþ ìÇéõJ) ô Ký{|Gýñþ Þññlû GB ÖzBo Au×ñßPp OdPBðþ ìpÿ |)SEL( 

|kAyQ. 

Gõk. 71 ð×p @ðùB ìpk Gõkðl. oOHú|Gñlÿ ìPõuÈ ÎçDî GBèýñþ, ÖzBo KBüú Au×ñßPp OdPBðþ ìpÿ )erusserp SEL gnitseR(|, ko 5 kÚýÛú Gú OpOýI 

4/3|±|4/3, 6/22|±6/83 ìýéþ|ìPp Wýõû, AoO×BÑ ô uÇe GBoüî GBÚýíBðlû 2/4|±|1/8 uBðPþ|ìPp ô 3/11|±|8/81 uBðPþ|ìPp ìpGÐ Gõk. AÖQ AoÚBï ko ìÛBüvú GB 

ô uÇe GBoüî GBÚýíBðlû 9/31|±|6/32 uBðPþ|ìPp ìpGÐ Gõk. 

ƒ Kw Aq AOvBÑ )noitalid| tsop(: 34 ð×p Aq 99 GýíBo ÖõÝ GÏl Aq AOvBÑ GB GBèõó ìXlkA« ìõok Gpouþ ÚpAo âpÖPñl. uò ìPõuÈ @ðùB 6/31|±|8/63 uBë 

ƒ Ký{ Aq AOvBÑ )noitalid erofeb(: 99 GýíBoìHPç Gú @yBæqÿ Aôèýú ôAok ìÇBèÏú ylðl. uò ìPõuÈ @ðùB 3/51|±|5/73 Gõk. oOHú|Gñlÿ ìPõuÈ| ÎçDî 

GBèýñþ )erocs naem(, ÖzBoKBüú Au×ñßPpOdPBðþ ìpÿ, AoO×BÑ koìpÿ ko5 kÚýÛú Gú OpOýI 1/3|±|30/8, 02|±1/95 ìýéþ|ìPpWýõû, 9/4|±|9/9 uBðPþ|ìPp 

âpÖPñl. 

üBÖPú|øB 

oô} Gpouþ 

Îíéßpk møñþ ô Îýñþ Gpoôÿ 99 GýíBoìHPç Gú @yBæqÿ Aôèýú ko@ÒBq ìÇBèÏú Gpouþ yl ô 34 ð×p@ðùB üà ìBû Kw Aq AOvBÑ GB GBèõó ìõok Gpouþ ìXlk ÚpAo 

Aqô ÖBâõâpAï qìBó|Gñlÿ ylû )«EBT( ¾õoR ìþ|âpÖQ. ølÙ ìB ìÇBèÏú ÞBoGpk uÇe GBoüî GBÚýíBðlû ko ìpÿ AuQ,| ^pA Þú uÇe, AìßBó AðlAqû|âýpÿ 

øírìBó AoO×BÑ ô ÚÇp oA ÖpAøî ìþ|@ôok. 

qìýñú ô ølÙ 

AoqüBGþ møñþ )evitcejbus(| @yBæqÿ Aôèýú kÚýÜ ðývQ. AoqüBGþ Îýñþ |)evitcejbo(| uBGÜ Gp Aüò Aq ÆpüÜ AðlAqû|âýpÿ AoO×BÑ uPõó GBoüî ko 

2 

4 

1 

AuPBküBo, ìpÞr OdÛýÛBR GýíBoüùBÿ âõAo} ô ÞHl, kAðzãBû Îéõï Kryßþ OùpAó 

5 AuPBk, ìpÞr OdÛýÛBR GýíBoüùBÿ âõAo} ô ÞHl, kAðzãBû Îéõï Kryßþ OùpAó 

kAðzýBo, ìpÞr OdÛýÛBR GýíBoüùBÿ âõAo} ô ÞHl, kAðzãBû Îéõï Kryßþ OùpAó 

kÞPp ÚloR|A.. ìñPËpÿ1 , kÞPp ðãýò ðõoÿ 2 , kÞPp@oqô AuPhpÿ 2 ,kÞPp WõAk ìýßBDýéþ 1 ,| kÞPp yBKõo yýpAðþ 3 , 

kÞPp yý×Pú ÎBGlüBó2| , |kÞPp@OõuB ÖÃê|Aèùþ 2 , kÞPp Öpðõ} Öpgþ 2 , kÞPp ìùlÿ ðõoAüþ 4 , kÞPp oÂB ìéà|qAkû 5 

uÇe: ÎBìéþ GpOp ko Ký{|Gýñþ ylR GýíBoÿ ko ìÛBüvú GB AoO×BÑ uPõó GBoüî ko 

GýíBoAó ìHPç Gú @yBæqÿ Aôèýú 

|âõAo}/ kôoû 01, yíBoû 1, GùBo 4831|, 11|-61| 

« Timed Barium Esophagogram 

E-mail: montazer@ams.ac.ir 

Oé×ò: 39362088 ðíBGp: 29921088 

11

âõAo} / kôoû 01/ yíBoû 1/ |GùBo 4831 

GýíBo GpAÿ Gpouþ ìXlk üà ìBû GÏl Aq AOvBÑ KñõìBOýà ko kuPpx 

Gõkðl. 

koìBó ìzPíê Gp Gpouþ ÎçDî GBèýñþ, @ðlôußõKþ kuPãBû âõAo} 

Öõ ÚBðþ, ìBðõìPpÿ ô Aqô ÖBâõâpAï qìBó|Gñlÿ ylû AðXBï âpÖQ. OñùB 34 

koÆõë üà uBë, Aq kÿ ìBû 3831 OB kÿ ìBû 4831, 99 GýíBo@yBæqÿ ko 

Aüò ìÇBèÏú ôAok ylðl. GpAÿ OíBï GýíBoAó AoqüBGýùBÿ AuPBðlAok Ký{ Aq 

oô} Gpouþ 

GýíBoAó 

AoqüBGþ uÇe Gú kèýê OõAðBüþ @ó ko AðlAqû|âýpÿ øírìBó ÚÇp ô Æõë 

GvýBo Aoqyíñl AuQ. 

GBÚýíBðlû| ÚHê ô GÏl Aq koìBó AuQ. ìB Gú ôütû Gú AoqüBGþ uÇe GBoüî 

GBÚýíBðlû 5 kÚýÛú Kw Aq gõokó GBoüî ÎçÚú|ìñlüî, ^pA Þú ÊpÖýQ 

ko Aüò ìÇBèÏú, ølÙ ìB Gpouþ øíHvPãþ oOHú|Gñlÿ ÎçDî GBèýñþ 

møñþ GB KBoAìPpøBÿ Îýñþ ðËýp ÖzBo KBüú |SEL|, Æõë ô uÇe GBoüî 

AoO×BÑ ô ÚÇp uPõó GBoüî GBül Gú|¾õoR øírìBó ko Öpìõë AoqüBGþ 

âñXBðlû yõk. 

øírìBó AoO×BÑ GBoüî øípAû Gõkû AuQ. GñBGpAüò GpAÿ ÖpAøî @ôokó 

AoqüBGþ Öýrüõèõsüà kÚýÜ|Op Aq ylR GýíBoÿ ko GýíBoAó @yBæqÿ Aôèýú, 

GBoüî ko ìpÿ GB oOHú|Gñlÿ GpAuBx ÎçDî ìÛBüvú ylû AuQ. GB GùPp 

yló GýíBoÿ, AÖrAü{ ÚÇp GBoüî GBÚþ|ìBðlû ko ìpÿ AÒéI GB ÞBø{ 

ìþ|Þzl.(8), AgýpA« Aqô ÖBâõâpAï qìBó|Gñlÿ ylû OõuÈ ìdÛÛýò GpAÿ 

Aüò ìñËõo ìõok AuP×Bkû ÚpAo âpÖPú AuQ.(9), ko Aüò ìÇBèÏBR, AoO×BÑ 

Kýãýpÿ GÏl Aq koìBó GýíBoAó øípAû AuQ.(7), kAkû|øB kæèQ Gp Aüò Aìp 

kAoðl Þú AoqüBGþ Îýñþ AðÏßBx GùPpÿ Aq Ohéýú ìpÿ oA Gú O¿õüp 

Öýrüõèõsüà Aq ylR GýíBoÿ ko Aüò ìõAok øñõq üà ìõÂõÑ cê ðzlû 

AuQ. AoqüBGþ møñþ GpAuBx ÎçDî GýíBoÿ GB O×BôOùBÿ ÚBGê OõWùþ ko 

GByl. 

ølÙ A¾éþ koìBó, Ovùýê Ohéýú ìpÿ AuQ.(5, 6), AoqüBGþ ìñBuI 

ðývQ. koìBó Aüò GýíBoAó ìþ|OõAðl ÆHþ (AOvBÑ| GB GBèõó, OroüÜ uî 

GõOõèýñõï) üB WpAcþ (ìýõOõìþ) ô üB koÞê Ovßýò|køñlû )evitaillap( 

OËBøpAR GBèýñþ ìÏíõë ÎHBoOñl Aq: küv×Bsÿ, kok Ú×vú uýñú ô 

GpâzQ ÒnA )noitatigruger(|. AgPçë ðõoôèõsüà KBüú, ÚBGê koìBó 

ìþ|køl. Gú Îçôû, AìõAZ ÆHýÏþ AðÛHBÂþ Oñú ìpÿ GB AìõAZ øírìBó GB 

kAìñú Þî WBüãrüò ìþ|yõk.(1, 2, 3, 4) 

kuQ kAkó ðõoôó|øBÿ ìùBoÿ, gõk oA GB AÖrAü{ ÖzBo KBüú Au×ñßPp 

OdPBðþ ìpÿ )«SEL( |ô ÞBø{ GBqyló )noitaxaler(| koü`ú ðzBó 

qìýñú ô ølÙ 

@yBæqÿ üà AgPçë cpÞPþ Aôèýú ìpÿ GB ÎéQ ðByñBgPú AuQ. Aq 

|kÞPp ìñPËpÿ ô øíßBoAó | 

AðlAqû ôAÚÏþ @ó, Gú ìñËõo AoqüBGþ kÚýÜ AoO×BÑ ô uÇe, Gú ÖpìQ 

|««««FDP |OHlüê yl. 

Außñp (ÞBðõAußò 02 |èýl, ypÞQ nonaC|, ^ýò) |Außò ylðl ô GB 

AuP×Bkû Aq GpðBìú @k ôJ @ Þpô GBR |)lanoisseforp 0.6 taborcA( |Gú 

GBoüî âpÖPú yl. üà ìBû Kw Aq AOvBÑ øíBó GýíBoAó ìÛBküp üßvBó Aq 

GBoüî oA ko ìÛBüvú GB Aôèýò GBo ì¿pÙ Þpkðl. ÎßvùBÿ oAküõèõsÿ GB 

oAküõâpAÖþ ko ôÂÏýQ AüvPBkû, Þíþ ìBüê Gú ^M Aq ðBcýú KzQ ÞBðõó 

)noitisop euqilbo roiretsop tfel ylthgilS|(| 1|, 3| ô 5 kÚýÛú Kw AqGéÐ 

ìýéþ|èýPp Aq GBoüî (18 ko¾l ôqó/cXî, ypÞQ kAoôKh{, AüpAó) ko 

ìlR 03 SBðýú Gp KBüú Odíê GýíBo Gú Öpk gõoAðlû ìþ|yl, ô uLw uú 

|arevilO| 

(01) Oõ¾ýØ ylû AuQ, ìõok AuP×Bkû ÚpAo âpÖQ. 001-052 

AqôÖBâõâpAï qìBó|Gñlÿ ylû GBoüî 

Oßñýà OÓýýpüBÖPú Aqô ÖBâõâpAï qìBó|Gñlÿ ylû GBoüî Þú ÚHç« Gú ôuýéú 

GBo 5 uþ|uþ @J ìõok AuP×Bkû ÚpAoâpÖQ. Aüò oô ðl 01 GBo OßpAo yl. 

ìñËõo ìÇBèÏú ÆHýÏQ ìõWùBÿ AðÛHBÂþ Oñú ìpÿ OíBï KõoR|øB ko 

GBæÿ |SEL |ô KBüýò |«««SEU |(Au×ñßPp Öõ ÚBðþ ìpÿ) ÚpAoâpÖPñl. øp 

AuP×Bkû Aq Oßñýà |««TPR |(Þz{ upüÐ) koGBqkï ÎíýÜ AðlAqû âpÖPú 

yl. ìPõuÈ ìÛlAo KñY |TPR |Gú|ÎñõAó ÖzBo KBüú |SEL |â rA o }y l .G ú 

AuQ. ìñBÆÜ SHBR Gú üà Kéþ|âpAÙ 8 ÞBðBèú ô ko kðHBèú @ó Gú üà 

ÞBìLýõOp ô ¾ê ylðl. ÖzBo KBüú Au×ñßPp OdPBðþ ìpÿ )SEL( |GB 

uýñPýßw ìlüßBë, AuPßùéî, uõ Dl |ìõok AuP×Bkû ÚpAo âpÖQ. øp 

KõoR Gú|¾õoR yÏBÎþ GB qAôüú 54 koWú ðvHQ Gú GÏlÿ ÚpAo âpÖPú 

ìBðõìPpÿ ìpÿ 

KíM øýloôèýà ô ÞBOPpøBÿ AuPBðlAok 8 ÞBðBèú ìBðõìPpüà 

ko ø×Pú = 3, üà GBo ko oôq = 4, GB øp ÒnA = 5). 

ÖpÞBðw øp ÎçìQ GpAuBx üà uývPî oOHú|Gñlÿ Aq 5-0 koWú|Gñlÿ 

ìþ|yõk (øýa = 0 ô üà GBokoìBû üB ÞíPp= 1 ô üà GBokoø×Pú = 2, 2-4 GBo 

ÚpAo âpÖPú|AuQ ¾õoR âpÖQ.(2, 8), WíÐ Þê oOHú|Gñlÿ GBèýñþ yBìê 

ìXíõÑ oOHú|øBÿ küv×Bsÿ, kok Ú×vú uýñú ô GpâzQ ÒnA ìþ|GByl. 

ì¿BcHú ylðl. oOHú|Gñlÿ ÎçDî GBèýñþ OÓýýpüBÖPú ìÇBGÜ GB @ð`ú Þú 

OõuÈ kÞPp ôAÎËþ ô øíßBoAó Gú ìñËõo AoqüBGþ møñþ ìõok AuP×Bkû 

AoqüBGþ møñþ 

GýíBoAó ko@ÒBqô üà ìBû GÏl AqAOvBÑ KñõìBOýà Gú ôuýéú ìdÛÜ Aoyl 

« Lower Esophagial Sphicter 

«« Rapid Pull Through 

««« Upper Esophageal Sphincter 

«««« Protable Document Format 

12

|ÂpüI AuPBðlAokðzlû 

)B( 

ÂpüI 

AuPBðlAokylû 

ìýBó OíBï ìPÓýpøB kAyPú|Aðl. Kw Aq @ó AoO×BÑ uPõó GBoüî ko 5 kÚýÛú 

ÚpAo kAok Þú Kw Aq @ó oOHú|Gñlÿ GBèýñþ ÚpAo ìþ|âýpk. ìýrAó Ký{|Gýñþ 

ko øíHvPãþ Kýpuõó k ôuõüú )etairavib( k ô üBÖPú Îýñþ, ÖzBo 

|SEL |ô uÇe ko5 kÚýÛú øíHvPãþ ìÏñþ|kAoô GùPpüò øíHvPãþ oA ko 

(9/4|±|) uBðPþ|ìPpGú OpOýI Gp@ôok yl. ÖzBoìPõuÈ |SEL|, 1/95 (02|±|) 

ìýéþ|ìPp Wýõû Gõkû AuQ. 

uBðPþ|ìPpìpGÐ Gú OpOýI Gp@ôok yl. AoO×BÑ ìPõuÈ ko1, 3 ô 5 kÚýÛú GÏl 

Aq GéÐ GBoüî, 1/21 (8/5|±|) uBðPþ|ìPp, 7/11 (3/5|±|) uBðPþ|ìPp ô 9/9 

yl. uÇe ìPõuÈ ko 1, 3 ô 5 kÚýÛú Kw Aq GéÐ GBoüî 1/13 (6/71|±|) 

uBðPþ|ìPp ìpGÐ, 2/82 (2/61|±|) uBðPþ|ìPp ìpGÐ ô 6/32 (9/31|±|) 

99 GýíBo GB @yBæqÿ Aôèýú ôAok Æp f ylðl. ðvHQ ìpk/qó, 14/85 

(4/14 ô 8/85%) Gp@ôok yl. uò ìPõuÈ 5/73 (3/51|±|) uBë Gp@ôok 

üBÖPú|øB 

Ký{ Aq AOvBÑ 

ìÏñþ|kAo yñBgPú yl. 

(âpôû Kýãýpÿ) ko ìÛBüvú GB @ðùB Þú AoqüBGþ SBðõüú ðlAyPñl (âpôû 

Kýãýpÿ ðzlû) ìõok AuP×Bkû ÚpAo âpÖQ. eulav p |ÞíPp Aq 50/0| 

ìvPÛê @qìõó t )sisylana tset-t tnednepednI( |GpAÿ ìÛBüvú 

ìPÓýpøB ko AoqüBGþ Aôèýú Gýò GýíBoAðþ Þú AoqüBGþ SBðõüú ðýr kAyPú|Aðl 

qìBó|Gñlÿ ylû ìdBuHú yl. oâpuýõó gÇþ GpAÿ Ký{|Gýñþ ÖzBo 

|SEL |ÚHê üB üà ìBû GÏl Aq AOvBÑ ìõok AuP×Bkû ÚpAo âpÖQ. Odéýê 

ìõok AuP×Bkû ÚpAo âpÖQ. ÂpüI øíHvPãþ Kýpuõó GpAÿ AoqüBGþ 

AoOHBÉ Gýò oOHú|Gñlÿ GBèýñþ, ÖzBo |SEL|, AoO×BÑ ô uÇe ko Aqô ÖBâõâpAï 

ylðl (@qìõó |t| k ôOBüþ ± AðdpAÙ ìÏýBo) Gú ìñËõo ìÛBüvú ìýBðãýò 

ìPÓýpøBÿ Îýñþ ô møñþ ÚHê ô üà ìBû GÏl Aq AOvBÑ Gú|ÎñõAó üà W×Q 

Odéýê| @ìBoÿ 

ìPÓýpøBÿ KzQ up øî GB AuP×Bkû Aq AcPvBJ ìýBðãýñùB gç¾ú 

Aüña )«isp(| Gú ìlR 03 SBðýú GBk yl ô uLw ÖzBoGú |isp| 5/7| Gú ìlR 03 

SBðýú AÖrAü{ KýlA Þpk. Kw Aq@ó GBèõó Ohéýú ô GpkAyPú yl. 

ðýíú ìýBðþ GBèõó 03 ìýéþ|ìPpÿ âzBkÞññlû oôÿ |SEL |ÚpAo âpÖQ ô 

OdQ kül ìvPÛýî Aüò Îíê AðXBï yl. GBèõó AGPlA Gú AðlAqû 5 Kõ ðl Gp 

OíBï GýíBoAó ko clôk 8 uBÎQ ðByPB Gõkðl ô GB AuP×Bkû Aq 05 ìýéþ|âpï 

KPýlüò ô 01 ìýéþ|âpï küBqKBï OdQ Gþ|cvþ ìõÂÏþ ÚpAoâpÖPñl. 

|(xelfigiR( (ìýßpôAüñõürüõ ôAOpOBôó, AM, @ìpüßB) OdQ kül ìvPÛýî 

@ðlôußõ N GpAuBx oô yþ Þú ÚHç« OõÂýe kAkû yl AðXBï âpÖQ.(11), 

AOvBÑ KñõìBOýà 

AOvBÑ KñõìBOýà GB AuP×Bkû Aq GBèõó âzBkÞññlû oüXþ|Öéßw 

uÇe, ÎBìéþ GpOp ko Ký{||Gýñþ ylR GýíBoÿ ko@yBæqÿ 


Kw Aq GéÐ GBoüî Gú|¾õoR ìÏñþ|kAoÿ AÖQ KýlA Þpk (Wlôë 3). GÏl Aq 

AOvBÑ GB GBèõó|, oOHú|Gñlÿ ylR ÎçDî øýa øíHvPãþ GB ÖzBo |SEL 

ôuýéú @qìõó |t-tneduts |ÚHê ô Kw Aq AOvBÑ ìÛBüvú ylðl. OíBï 

ìPÓýpøB üà ìBû Kw Aq AOvBÑ, Gú Òýp Aq AoO×BÑ uPõó GBoüî ko 1 ô 3 kÚýÛú 

(5/93, 4/06%) Gõkû AuQ. ìýrAðùBÿ ìPõuÈ oOHú|Gñlÿ GBèýñþ, ÖzBo 

|SEL|, uÇe ô AoO×BÑ uPõó GBoüî ko 1, 3 ô 5 kÚýÛú Kw Aq GéÐ GBoüî Gú 

Ký{ ô Kw Aq AOvBÑ âpôøùBÿ Kýãýpÿ ylû ìþ|KpkAqüî. 

uò ìPõuÈ 8/63 (6/31|±|) uBë Gõkû AuQ. ðvHQ ìpk/qó, 71/62 

üßvBó kAoðl ô øýa gÇBÿ ðíõ ðú|GpkAoÿ ðíþ|OõAðl ðPBüY Kw Aq AOvBÑ oA 

OdQ yÏBÑ ÚpAo køl. GñBGpAüò ìB OñùB Gú ârAo} Þpkó ðPýXú Odéýê 

ìÏñþ|kAo ðHõkðl (Wlôë 2). Aüò ìvBCèú kæèQ Gp Aüò ðßPú kAok Þú 

âpôøùBÿ Kýãýpÿ ylû ô Kýãýpÿ ðzlû ìzh¿BR AoqüBGþ ylû Aôèýú 

ìõokÿ Þú Kýãýpÿ ðzlû Gõkðl ìÛBüvú ylðl. OíBï ìPÓýpøBÿ Aüò k ô 

âpôû Gú ôuýéú @qìõó t |ìvPÛê ìõok Gpouþ ÚpAo âpÖPñl. O×BôOùB 

âpÖPñl ô ko ìpÞr ìB Kýãýpÿ ylðl. Gú ìñËõo Wéõâýpÿ Aq gÇBÿ 

ðíõ ðú|GpkAoÿ, kAkû|øBÿ Aôèýú 34 GýíBoÿ Þú Kýãýpÿ ylû Gõkðl ô 65 

Kw Aq AOvBÑ 

34 ð×pAq99 GýíBoKnüpÖPú ylû ko@ÒBqìÇBèÏú OdQ AOvBÑ GB GBèõó ÚpAo 

OÏlAk GýíBoAó= 99 

uÇe uPõó GBoüî 5 kÚýÛú 

GÏl Aq GéÐ GBoüî 

oOHú|Gñlÿ ÎçDî 

ÎpÅ Aq ìHlAF 

|)tpecretnI( 

ìPÓýpøB| 

31/0 |¡ |14/0 

16/0 |¡| 3/1 

19/3 |¡| 13/93 

ìýBðãýò 

AuP×Bkû ÚpAoâpÖPñl.) 

92/0 

02/0 

Öpìõë oâpuýõó Gú yp f qüp AuQ: 

ÖzBo Au×ñßPp OdPBðþ ||= (uÇe uPõó GBoüî ko 5 kÚýÛú * 92/0) + 13/93 

00/0 

ìPÓýpøB, uÇe ko 5 kÚýÛú ô oOHú|Gñlÿ GBèýñþ GùPpüò ìýrAó Ký{|Gýñþ 

Þññlû GpAÿ ÖzBo|SEL |oA ÚHê Aq AOvBÑ kAyPú|Aðl (31/0=|2R|) (Wlôë 1). 

ÖzBo|SEL |Gú|ÎñõAó üà ìPÓýpôAGvPú ô GÛýú (oOHú|Gñlÿ GBèýñþ, uÇe 

ô AoO×BÑ ko 1, 3 ô 5 kÚýÛú) Gú|ÎñõAó ìPÓýpøBÿ ÒýpôAGvPú ko ìýBó OíBï 

Þññlû| ìPÓýpøBÿ møñþ ô Îýñþ GpAÿ ÖzBo |SEL |Gú ôuýéú ìlë Odéýê 

oâpuýõó gÇþ Kéú|Aÿ )raenil esiwpets( ìõok ìÇBèÏú ÚpAoâpÖQ. 

- 

)ateB(| 

0/0 

30/0 

Îlk |p|| 

Wlôë 1: Odéýê oâpuýõó gÇþ Kéú|Aÿ ìPÓýpøB Ký{ Aq AOvBÑ GB GBèõó 

(|SEL |Gú|ÎñõAó üà ìPÓýp ôAGvPú ô GÛýú Gú|ÎñõAó ìPÓýpøBÿ ÒýpôAGvPú ìõok 

« Pound Per Square Inch 

13

(36/0=2 R) |(Wlôë yíBoû 4). Öpìõë oâpuýõó Gú yp f qüp AuQ: ÖzBo Au×ñßPp OdPBðþ |= (uÇe uPõó GBoüî ko 5 kÚýÛú * 97/0) + 8/01 

ÎçDî, uÇe ô AoO×BÑ ko 1, 3 ô 5 kÚýÛú) Gú|ÎñõAó ìPÓýpøBÿ ÒýpôAGvPú 

ìõok AuP×Bkû ÚpAoâpÖPñl. ðPBüY cBÞþ Aq@ó Gõkðl Þú uÇe ko5 kÚýÛú 

GùPpüò ìýrAó Ký{|Gýñþ Þññlû oA GpAÿ ÖzBo |SEL |kAoAuQ. 

|ðlAyQ. øíHvPãþ uÇe ko 5 kÚýÛú ô ÖzBo |SEL |ko ìÛBüvú GB uBüp 

kðHBë @ó, uÇe ko üà kÚýÛú ìÇp f ìþ|yõk. 

ìÇBèÏú ÚpAo âpÖQ. |SEL |Gú ÎñõAó ìPÓýp ôAGvPú ô GÛýú (oOHú|Gñlÿ 

üà ìBû Kw Aq AOvBÑ OõuÈ ìlë Odéýê oâpuýõó gÇþ Kéú|Aÿ ìõok 

Îýñþ 

ô møñþ ìPÓýpøBÿ |OõuÈ |SEL ÖzBo Þññlû Ký{|Gýñþ ìýrAó 

ìPÓýpøB GýzPpüò Gõkðl. Kw Aq @ó uÇe ko 3 kÚýÛú ÚpAo kAok Þú ko 

Wlôë 3: ASpAR koìBðþ AOvBÑ GB GBèõó ô ìÛBüvú ìPÓýpøBÿ @ðùB 

|ÚHê Aq AOvBÑ 

6/61|±|4/52 

5/61|±|4/52 

7/91|±|9/23 

6/5|±|2/11 

3/3|±|9/8 

8/5|±|1/01 

02|±|6/25 

*6/22|±|6/83 

*5/31|±|6/52 

GÏl Aq AOvBÑ 

3/11|±|8/81 

*4/3|±4/3 

*3/31|±|22 

*2/4|±|1/8 

7/3|±1/11 

møñþ ô Îýñþ Gú|¾õoR ìÏñþ|kAoÿ ÚHê ô GÏl Aq AOvBÑ ÞBø{ üBÖPñl. Gú 

Îçôû, ðzBó kAkû yl Þú ÎçDî GBèýñþ üà ìBû GÏl Aq koìBó øýa 

ÎçDî GBèýñþ AoqüBGþ ìþ|yõk. GB AuP×Bkû AqAüò uývPî, ìýrAó ìõÖÛýQ 

üà uBë Kw Aq AOvBÑ GB GBèõó Aq 39-05 ko¾l ìPÓýp AuQ. 

øíHvPãþ GB ÎçDî Îýñþ ðlAyPñl. 

ìÇBGÜ oôüú ìÏíõë, ìõÖÛýQ koìBó Gú|¾õoR møñþ GB AuP×Bkû Aq 

GBoüî, ìÏñþ|kAoOpüò øíHvPãþ ô |ìýrAó Ký{|Gýñþ Þññlû GpAÿ ÖzBo 

|SEL |oA ÚHê ô üà ìBû GÏl Aq AOvBÑ GB GBèõó kAyPú AuQ. ìPÓýpøBÿ 

GdU 

ko Aüò ÞBo, ìB ðzBó kAkû|Aüî Þú uÇe uPõó GBoüî 5 kÚýÛú GÏl Aq GéÐ 

|ìPÓýpøB Îlk |p|| 

uÇe uPõó GBoüî 5 kÚýÛú 

ìõAok: 34 

OÏlAk 

Aq GéÐ GBoüî 

GÏl 

ÎpÅ Aq ìHlAF 

)tpecretnI( 

Wlôë 4:| Odéýê oâpuýõó gÇþ Kéú|Aÿ ìPÓýpøB üà ìBû Kw Aq AOvBÑ GB GBèõó 

(|SEL |Gú|ÎñõAó üà ìPÓýp ôAGvPú ô GÛýú Gú|ÎñõAó ìPÓýpøBÿ ÒýpôAGvPú ìõok 

AuP×Bkû ÚpAo ìþ|âpÖPñl) 

|ÂpüI AuPBðlAokðzlû 

ìýBðãýò 

3/4 |¡| 8/01 

2/0 |¡| 6/1 

AuPBðlAokylû 

)ateB(| 

00/0 

|* |ìýrAó ìPõuÈ KBoAìPpøB ìÏñþ|kAo ðHõk. 

uÇe uPõó GBoüî ÚHê Aq AOvBÑ ko 5 kÚýÛú (uBðPþ|ìPp ìpGÐ) 



(uBðPþ|ìPp) 

kÚýÛú 5 ko AOvBÑ Aq ÚHê GBoüî uPõó AoO×BÑ 





Wýõû) 

(ìýéþ|ìPp OdPBðþ Au×ñßPp ÖzBo 

|Kýãýpÿ ðzlû (34=|n|) 

6/31±4/75 

4/02±5/74 

9/51±7/92 

6/11±3/22 

4/9±4/061 

5/5±1/32 

5/5±1/21 

2/3±7/7 

2/41±72 

9/61±83 

1/4±6/9 

Kýãýpÿ ylû (65=|n|) 

*37/91±09/23 

*6/31±8/63 

*6/81±6/92 

*5/61±4/52 

*9/7±1/061 

*4/91±1/15 

*3/4±1/22 

*6/5±2/11 

*8/5±1/01 

*3/31±95 

*2/6±21 

oOHú|Gñlÿ ylR ÎçDî 

OdPBðþ 

Au×ñßPp ÖzBo 


uÇe uPõó GBoüî ko 5 kÚýÛú 

kÚýÛú 

3 ko GBoüî uPõó uÇe 

uÇe uPõó GBoüî ko 1 kÚýÛú 

kÚýÛú 

5 ko GBoüî uPõó AoO×BÑ 

AoO×BÑ uPõó GBoüî ko 3 kÚýÛú 

kÚýÛú 

1 ko GBoüî uPõó AoO×BÑ 

ÚHê ô GÏl Aq AOvBÑ 

oOHú|Gñlÿ ylR ÎçDî 

|IMB |(yBgÀ Oõkû Glðþ) 


Úl 

ôqó (Þýéõâpï) 

(uBë) 

uò 

2/6|±|21 

ìPÓýpøB| 

2/4|±|6/9 

50/0

uÇe, ÎBìéþ GpOp ko Ký{||Gýñþ ylR GýíBoÿ ko@yBæqÿ 

^ñýò OÓýýpAOþ ÚBGê Ký{|Gýñþ AuQ ^pA Þú ìdÛÛBó ÖÛÈ oÂBüQ 

GýíBo oA GB AuP×Bkû Aq oOHú|Gñlÿ GBèýñþ AðlAqû ìþ|âýpðl. ôAÎËþ ô 

KBui Gú koìBó ìõok AuP×Bkû ÚpAo âpÖQ.(01), Gú|¾õoR ÆHýÏþ, øýa 

GBoüíþ ðHBül Kw Aq 5 kÚýÛú koìpÿ GBÚþ GíBðl. ìÇBèÏBR ðzBó kAkðl Þú 

øíßBoAð{ ðzBó kAkðl Þú oOHú|Gñlÿ GBèýñþ yBgÀ gõGþ GpAÿ Ohéýú 

ìpÿ Kw Aq koìBó ðývQ. GñBGpAüò ìíßò AuQ Þú Aq ðËp Kýãýpÿ 

Îßw ìpÿ Gú ôuýéú GBoüî ko ìÛBüvú GB oOHú|Gñlÿ GBèýñþ Aq Aoq} 

Ký{|Gýñþ Þññlû GBæOpÿ GpgõokAo AuQ.(8, 9, 21), OB Gú cBë ÖÛÈ AoO×BÑ 

GýíBoAó @qìõó âípAû Þññlû|Aÿ GByl.(8), kAkû|øBÿ ìB Gú|¾õoR ìõAqÿ GB 

Aüò ì×ùõï ìÇBGÛQ kAok. 

uPõó GBoüî ko5 kÚýÛú Gú|ÎñõAó yBg¿þ AqOhéýú ìpÿ ìõok AoqüBGþ ÚpAo 

ìþ|âpÖQ. |citsoK |ô øíßBoAó ko 05 GýíBo ASp ìýõOõìþ oA Gú Þíà |EBT 

ìBðõìPpÿ Gú|ÎñõAó üà ôuýéú Îýñþ GpAÿ OzhýÀ ô Kýãýpÿ ko Aüò 

GýíBoAó ìõok AuP×Bkû ÚpAo âpÖQ. ÖzBo KBüú Au×ñßPp OdPBðþ ìpÿ| GB 79 

|GB ko ðËp âpÖPò AoO×BÑ ô KùñBÿ ìpÿ ìõok AoqüBGþ ÚpAo kAkðl. ko Aüò 

ìÇBèÏú ðzBó kAkû ylû AuQ Þú |EBT |GùPp Aq ÎçDî GBèýñþ Ohéýú ìpÿ 

ko¾l ôütâþ )yticificepS( @yBæqÿ oA OzhýÀ ìþ|køl ô Aâp GB AìõAZ 

øírìBó øípAû âpkk, ôütâþ @ó Gú 001 ko¾l ìþ|oul.(3|1), AìõAZ Glðú 

oA ìþ|OõAðl AoqüBGþ Þñl. Aâp^ú ko Aüò ìÇBèÏú AoO×BÑ ô KùñB AðlAqû|âýpÿ 

âpkül, ôèþ øp üà Gú|¾õoR ìXrA ìõok ìÇBèÏú ÚpAo âpÖQ. Aüò ko 

ìpÿ GB øýa ðõÑ koìBðþ OÓýýp KýlA ðíþ|Þñl. GñBGpAüò ÚHç« Gú|ÎñõAó üà 

ôuýéú Îýñþ GpAÿ AoqüBGþ KBui koìBðþ ìõok AuP×Bkû ÚpAo ìþ|âpÖQ. 

cBèPþ AuQ Þú KùñB ô AoO×BÑ GB øî oAGÇú|Aÿ KõüB kAoðl ô GBül GB øî AoqüBGþ 

âpkðl. AðlAqû|âýpÿ uÇe Gú Aüò Aìp WBìú Îíê ìþ|KõyBðl. 

tdrakcE| ô øíßBoAð{ ðzBó kAkðl Þú ÖzBo KBüú Au×ñßPp OdPBðþ ìpÿ 

GùPpüò Ký{|Gýñþ Þññlû KBui Gú koìBó Æõæðþ ìlR Kw Aq 

øñõq ìB GpAÿ ìõAok KýzpÖPú ìzßê kAoüî. GB ânyQ qìBó, ìpÿ Gú 

OloüY âzBk ìþ|yõk ô Gú yßê uýãíõ Dýl ko ìþ|@ül. ko Aüò ìõAok, 

küçOBuýõó KñõìBOýà AuQ.(41) 

esennA| ô øíßBoAð{ Aq ÖzBo KBüú |SEL |Gú|ÎñõAó üà ôuýéú Îýñþ 

AoO×BÑ, øíBøñä GB âzBk yló Kýzpô ðlû ìpÿ ô GlOp yló ôÂÏýQ 

Ohéýú ìpÿ ÞBø{ ðíþ|üBGl. ôèþ Gú øp ¾õoR uÇe Gú|¾õoR øírìBó 

GpAÿ AoqüBGþ KBui Gú koìBó AuP×Bkû Þpkðl ô ðzBó kAkðl Þú Gú|¾õoR 

ìÏñþ|kAoÿ ÖzBoKBüú |SEL |AÖQ KýlA Þpkû| ô GB Ohéýú ìpÿ øíBøñä Gõkû 

AoO×BÑ ô ÚÇp oA AðlAqû ìþ|âýpk. 

ko Aüò Gpouþ |O¿Bôüp oAküõâpAÖþ Außò ylðl ô AðlAqû ôAÚÏþ 

AuQ.(51 ô 6|1), kAìñú ôuýÐ ÖzBo KBüú |SEL |ko GýíBoAó ìHPç Gú @yBæqÿ 

üà ÖBÞPõo ìdlôkÞññlû Gú|ÎñõAó üà ôuýéú Îýñþ AuQ. ÖzBo KBüú 

Gú|¾õoR kÚýÜ GB ÞBìLýõOp GB AuP×Bkû Aq ðpï|AÖrAo @k ôJ @ Þpô GBR 6 

ìdBuHú yl (yßê 1 ô 2). ðPBüY ðzBó kAkðl Þú uÇe Gú ÎñõAó üà 

ôuýéú Îýñþ kAë Gp Ohéýú ìpÿ GùPp Aq AoO×BÑ ô ÎçDî GBèýñþ ìþ|OõAðl 

|SEL |ko@yBæqÿ Þú GB AuP×Bkû AqÞBOPp Auéýõ |)eveelS( |AðlAqû|âýpÿ yl 

Gýò 88-21 ìýéþ|ìPp Wýõû Gõkû AuQ. ko ìXíõÑ ÖzBo KBüú |SEL |ko 

GýíBoAó ìHPç Gú @yBæqÿ koìÛBüvú GB AÖpAk ÆHýÏþ, AuLBuî ìñPzpìpÿ 

ô «DREG |GýzPp Gõkû AuQ.(31) 

ÖzBo KBüú |SEL |Þú Gú|ôuýéú |sednesC |ârAo} yl 3/2|±|2/14 

ìýéþ|ìPp Wýõû Gõkû AuQ (kAìñú: 57-61 ìýéþ|ìPp Wýõû).(71) 

GB OõWú Gú OíBï cÛBüÜ, ÖzBo KBüú |SEL |Gú|ÎñõAó üà KBoAìPp Îýñþ 

uõkìñl OéÛþ ìþ|yõk.(31, 71), GB OõWú Gú kæüê ìõWõk, ìB Aq ÖzBo KBüú 

|SEL |Gú|ÎñõAó üà ìPÓýpôAGvPú (AuPBðlAok Æçüþ) koAoqüBGþ gõkìBó 

AuP×Bkû ìþ|Þñýî. ko Aüò ìÇBèÏú, ÖzBo KBüú |SEL |ko@ÒBq 02|±6/25 Gõk, 

|yßê 1|: AðlAqû|âýpÿ AoO×BÑ uPõó GBoüî 

Þú üà ìBû GÏl Aq AOvBÑ Gú 6/22|±|6/83 ouýl (|100/0


GBÚýíBðlû 5 kÚýÛú GÏl Aq GéÐ GBoüî ko Aqô ÖBâõâpAï qìBó|Gñlÿ ylû GBoüî 

AuQ. oOHú|Gñlÿ GBèýñþ øíHvPãþ ìÏñþ|kAo ô Aoq} Ký{|Gýñþ Þññlû 

GpAÿ üBÖPú|øBÿ Îýñþ ðlAok. ìB ìÏPÛlüî Þú AðlAqû|âýpÿ uÇe GBoüî 

AoqüBGþ Ohéýú ìpÿ AuQ. uÇe GBoüî GBÚýíBðlû 5 kÚýÛú GÏl Aq gõokó 

GBoüî Aoq} Ký{|Gýñþ Þññlû GùPpÿ GpAÿ ÖzBo|SEL |koìÛBüvú GB AoO×BÑ 

ÖzBo |SEL |oA Ohíýò Grðl ô Ký{|Gýñþ Þñl. 

ko ìXíõÑ, ÖzBo KBüú |SEL|, üà ôuýéú Îýñþ ÚBGê AÎPíBk GpAÿ 

|kÞPp ìñPËpÿ ô øíßBoAó | 

GýíBoAó GB @yBæqÿ Aôèýú GpAÿ KýãýpüùB|ÿ Æõæðþ ìlR ìõok AuP×Bkû 

ÚpAoâýpk. 

AuQ. GñBGpAüò, Aqô ÖBâõâpAï qìBó|Gñlÿ ylû GBoüî )EBT( |ìþ|OõAðl GB 

OõAOp GýzPp Gú WBÿ AðXBï ìBðõìPpÿ GpAÿ AoqüBGþ ylR GýíBoÿ ko 

)EBT( |üà ôuýéú ÚBGê AÎPíBk GpAÿ AoqüBGþ ylR GýíBoÿ ko GýíBoAó 

GB @yBæqÿ Aôèýú AuQ. Gú Îçôû Aq ðËp AðXBï, AoqAó, ko kuPpx ô uBkû 

References 

1. Robert RC, Arnold L, Brown JR. From Sections of Surgery 

and Experimental and Anatomic Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 

Rochester, Minnesota 1964; 2: 474. 

2. Vaezi MF, Richter JE. Diagnosis and management of 

achalasia. American College of Gastroenterology. Practice 

parameter committee. Am J Gastroenterol 1999; 94: 3406- 

12. 

3. Goldblum JR, Whyte RI, Orringer MB, Appelman HD. 

Achalasia: A morphologic study of 42 resected specimens. 

Am J Surg Pathol 1994; 18: 327-37. 

4. Goldblum JR, Rice TW, Richter JE. Histopathologic 

features in esophagotomy specimens from patients with 

achalasia. Gastroenterology 1996; 111: 648-54. 

5. Spiess AE, Kahrilas PJ. Treating achalasia: from 

whalebone to laparoscope. JAMA 1998; 280: 638-42. 

6. Vaezi MF, Richter JE. Wilcox CM. Botolinum toxin versus 

pneumatic dilation in the treatment of achalasia: A 

randomized trial. Gut 1999; 44: 231-9. 

7. Vaezi MF, Richter JE. Current therapies for achalasia: 

Comparison and efficacy. J Clin Gastroenterol 1998; 27: 

21-35. 

8. Vaezi MF, Baker ME, Richter JE. Assessment of 

esophageal emptying post pneumatic dilation: Use of 

timed barium esophagoghram. Am J Gasteroenterol 1999; 

94: 1802-7. 

9. Kostic SV, Rice TW, Baker ME. Timed barium 

esophagogram: A simple physiologic assessment for 

achalasia. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000; 120: 935-46. 

10. Montazeri G, Nouri N, Estakhri A, Shirani S, Derakhshan 

MH, Yaghoobi M, et al. Lower oesophageal sphincter 

pressure and timed barium oesophagogram: Two objective 

parameters in the non-invasive assessment of primary 

achalasia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 22: 261-5. 

11. de Oliveira JM, Birgisson S, Doinoff C, Einstein D, Herts 

B, Davros W, et al. Timed barium swallow: A simple 

technique for evaluating esophageal emptying in patients 

with achalasia. Am J Roentgenol 1997; 169: 473-9. 

12. Mikaeli J, Fazel A, Montazeri G, Yaghoobi M, Malekzadeh 

R. Controlled randomized trial comparing botulinum toxin 

injection versus pneumatic dilation for the treatment of 

achalasia. Aliment pharmacol ther 2001; 15: 1389-96. 

13. Guoxiang shi, Gulchin AE, Michael Manka. Lower 

esophageal sphincter relaxation characteristics using a 

sleeve sensor in clinical manometry. Am J Gastroenterol 

1998; 93: 2373-9. 

14. Eckardt VF, Aignheer C, Bernhard G. Predictors of 

outcome in patients with achalasia treated by pneumatic 

dilation. Gastroenterology 1992; 103: 1732-3. 

15. Annese V, Basciani M, Perri F, Lombardi G, Frusciante V, 

Simone P, et al. Controlled trial of batolinum toxininjection 

versus placebo and pneumatic dilation in 

achalasia. Gastroenterology 1996; 111: 1418-24. 

16. Annese V, Bassotti G, Coccia M, Dinelli M, D'Onofrio V, 

Gatto G, et al. the GISMAD achalasia study group. A 

multicetre randomized study of botulinum toxin in patient 

with oesophageal achalasia. Gut 2000; 46: 597-600. 

17. Csendes A, Smok G, Braghetto I. Gastroesophageal 

sphincter pressure and histological changes in distal 

esophagus in patients with achalasia of the esophagus. 

Digestive Diseases and Sciences 1985; 30: 941-5. 

18. Alonso P, Gonzalez-Conde B, Macenlle R, Pita S, 

Vazquez-Iglesias JL. Achalasia: the usefulness of 

manometry for evaluation of treatment. Dig Dis Sci 1999; 

44: 536-41. 

19. Holloway RH, Krosin G, Lange RC, Baue AE, McCallum 

RW. Radionuclide esophageal emptying of a solid meal to 

quantitate results of therapy in achalasia. Gastroenterology 

1983; 84: 771-6. 

20. Fisher RS,Malmud LS, Applegate G.Effect of bolus 

composition on esophageal transit: Concise communication. 

J Nucl Med 1982; 23: 878-82. 

21. Mclean RG, Smart RC, de Carle D. Large bolus 

radionuclide esophageal transit may predict response to 

esophageal dilatation in achalasia. J Nucl Med 1992; 33: 

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esophagram: Better predictor of long term success after 

pneumatic dilation in achalasia than symptom assessment. 

Gut 2002; 50: 765-70. 

16

Surface, a Better Predictor of Disease Severity in Achalasia 

Montazeri Gh 

Digestive Disease Reseach 

Center, Tehran University of 

Medical Sciences 

Nouri N 




Mikaeeli J 




Estakhri A 




Shirani Sh 

Tehran Heart Center 

Abedian Sh 




Fazlollahi A 




Farrokhi F 




Mikaeli J 




Nouraei M 




Malekzade R 




Corresponding Author: 

Ghodratollah Montazeri M.D., 

Digestive Disease Research 

Center, Shariati Hospital, Kargare-Shomali 

Ave., Tehran, Iran. 

Tel: +98 21 88026393 

Fax: +98 21 88012992 

E-mail: montazer@ams.ac.ir 

Surface; a Better Predictor of Disease 

Severity in Patients with Primary 

Achalasia than Height of Barium Column 

ABSTRACT 

Background: Subjective assessment of primary achalasia is not 

accurate. We aimed to evaluate surface of barium retention in the 

objective assessment of these patients. 

Materials and Methods: Subjective and objective esophageal 

functions of 99 patients with primary achalasia were evaluated initially 

and 43 of them were reevaluated one month after balloon dilation. 

Results: 

Predilation: 

99 cases enrolled .Mean age was 37.5±15.3 years. Mean score, resting 

LES pressure, height, and surface of barium retention at 5 minutes were 

8.03±3.1, 59.1±20 mmhg, 9.9±4.9 cm, and 23.6±13.9 cm2 respectively. 

Surface at 5 minutes had best correlation and predictive value for LES 

pressure. 

Post dilation: 

43 of 99 cases reevaluated. Mean age was 36.8±13.6 years .17 of them 

were male. Mean score, resting LES pressure, height and surface of 

barium retention at 5 minutes were 3.4±3.4, 38.6±22.6 mmhg, and 

8.1±4.2 cm and 18.8±11.3 cm2 respectively. Variables dropped 

significantly after dilation. Surface at 5 minutes had best correlation and 

predictive value for LES pressure. 

Conclusions: Surface of barium retention at 5 minutes is an accurate 

objective tool to assess patients with primary achalasia. It is cheap and 

easy to perform; therefore it could be used more frequently in follow up. 

Govaresh/ Vol. 10, No. 1, Spring 2005; 11-16 

Keywords: Achalasia, Timed Barium Esophagogram (TBE), Surface, 

Lower Esophageal Sphincter Pressure 

Govaresh\ Vol. 10\ No.1\ Spring 2005 60

"Original Article" Surface - IAGH

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