page 1-merged-compressed

www.janasawal.com 

Pgcf/PgP 

5}6f}+ Plzof Kofl;lkms 

;Dd]ng ljz]iff° 

jif{ !!, c+s !%), @)&% d+l;/ @) ut] laxLaf/ -g]kfn ;+jt !!#(_ (Thursday 6, December 2018) 

d'No ¿= %÷– k[i7 * 

xªsªdf 5}6f}+ Pgcf/PgP Pl;of 

Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ngsf] /f}gs 

tLg ;oeGbf a9L k|ltlglw ;xefuL x'g], g]kfn ;/sf/sf]tkm{af6 s[lif dGqL vgfn ;xefuL x'g] 

Pgcf/PgPsf ;+:yfks cWoIfb]lv jt{dfg cWoIf;Ddsf] ;xeflutf Pp6} d~rdf 

sf7df8f} +-h;_– u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL ;+3 -Pgcf/PgP_ sf] 

5}6f} + Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qLo 

;Dd]ngsf]cfof]hgf :yn xªsªdf 

;Dd]ngsf] /f}gs z'? ePsf] 

5 . ;dd]ngdf efu lng 

cfPsf cltlyx? / ljleGg 

b]zaf6 cfPsf k|ltlgwLx?n] 

clxn] xªs+ª el/e/fp ePsf] 

5 . ;Dd]ngdf ;+3sf ;:yfks 

cWoIf pk]GÎ dxtf], k|d'v ;+/Ifs 

hLjf nfld5fg], k"j{ cWoIf 

b]adfg lx/frg, k"j{ cWoIf z]if 

3n], cWoIf eag e§, pkfWoIf 

s'df/ kGt / ;lknf /fhe+bf/L, 

dxf;lrj aÎL s];L, ;lrj 

l8la If]lqnufot Pgcf/Pgsf 

sfo{;ldtL ;b:o Pj+ ljleGg 

b]zsf cWoIfx?;d]t xªsª 

cfpg] qmd hf/L 5 . 

;dd]ng oxL l8;]Da/ * / 

# 

ljz]if=== 

( tfl/vsf lbg xªsªdf x'Fb}5 . 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3sf] Pl;of 

If]qLo ;Dd]ngsf] tof/L ;d]t 

k'/f ePsf] 5 .;Dd]ng tyf a}7s 

xªsªl:yt xfj{/ u|f08 sf}nFg 

xf]6ndf zlgaf/ / cfOtaf/ 

x'Fb}5 . æ;d[4 g]kfnsf nflu 

nufgL / /f]huf/, bfloTj;lxt 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLnfO{ 

clwsf/Æ eGg] d'n gf/f /x]sf] 

of] ;Dd]ngsf] d'Vo Ph]08f g} 

oxL ePsf] Pgcf/Pg xªsªsL 

cWoIf tyf ;Dd]ng cfof]hgf 

;ldltsL ;lrj /flwsf u'?ª 

-l6sf_ n] hfgsf/L lbOg . a}7s 

tof/Lsf nflu If]qLo ;+of]hs 

ls/0f yfkf, ;x–;+of]hs ljgf]b 

s'Fj/ / kf/;dl0f kf]v/]n ;fy} 

k|To]s b]zsf cWoIf;lxtsf] 

;ldlt ;d]t u7g ul/Psf] 

5 . ;Dd]ngdf rLg, xªsª, 

Pgcf/PgP 5}6f}+ Plzof Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ng 

% $ 

/]ld6]G;sf] ;b'kof]u========= cf/=s]= zdf{ 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/df caf}{ 7uL 

Pgcf/Pgdf lngeGbf==== s'n cfrfo{ 

^ 

;sf/fTds ;f]rn] g}====== ejg e§ 

of] ;Dd]ngsf] b'/ufdL=== ls/0fljqmd yfkf 

* 

s& 

xªsªdf ;Dd]ng==== t]hk|sfz k'g 

clxn];Dds} eJo====== /flwsf u'?ª æ6LsfÆ 

u 

g]kfnsf] cfly{s=== vu|]Gb Gof}kfg] 

r 

;d:of ;dfwfg u5{======ods'df/ u'ªu ælqnf]sÆ 

s!) 

u!@ 

hfkfg, dsfp, dn]lzof, 

Dofgdf/, lkmlnlkG;, ;fpy 

sf]l/of, l;+ufk'/ / yfONof08 

;d]t !) d'n'sLo Pgl;;L u/L 

nueu @) eGbf a9L d'n'saf6 

sl/j #)) hgf k|ltlgwLsf] 

;xeflutf /xg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 

5 . xªsªaf6 nueu !%) hgf 


5 . of] ;Dd]ngdf Pgcf/PgPsf 

;+:yfks cWoIf 8f pk]Gb| 

dxtf]b]lv k"j{ cWoIfx? / jt{dfg 

cWoIf ejg e6\6;Dd kfFr} hgf 

cWoIfsf] pkl:yt /xg]5 . of] 

;Dd]ng If]qLo ;Dd]ngx?dWo] 

clxn];Dds} eJo ;Dd]ng x'g] 

cfof]hsn] atfPsf 5g\ . 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL 

;+3sf] Pl;of If]qLo ;Dd]ngdf 

hfkfg, xªsª, dsfp, l;+ufk'/, 

yfO{Nof08, ci6«]lnof, hd{gL, 

;fpbL c/]laof, stf/, 

O08f]g]l;ofnufotsf b]zaf6 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLsf k|ltlglwx? 

tyf cltly, kqsf/nufot 

;xefuL x'g xªsª cfPsf 5g\ . 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ngdf tLg 

;oeGbf a9L k|ltlglwsf] 

;xeflutf /xg] 5 . ;Dd]ngsf] 

pb\3f6g ;+3Lo s[lifdGqL 

rqmkfl0f vgfnn] ug]{5g\ . 

vgfn g]kfn ;/sf/sf]tkm{af6 

k|ltlglwTj ub}{ ;xefuL 

x'g]5g . g]kfn ;/sf/sf]tkm{af6 

dGqL vgfnn] ;f] ;Dd]ngdf 

;xefuL eO{ sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g 

ug]{ ePsf x'g\ . 

Pgcf/Pg xªsª cWoIf 

Pj+ ;Dd]ng tof/L ;ldlt 

;b:o ;lrj /flwsf u'?ª 

-l6sf _ sf cg';f/ ;Dd]ngdf 

Pgcf/Pgsf ;+:yfkscWoIfb]lv 

k"j{cWoIf cfOl;;L kbflwsf/L 

;d]tsf] ;xeflutf /xg]5 . 

;Dd]ngdf If]qLo ;ldltdf cfa4 

rLg;lxtsf k|ltlglw ul/ tLg 

;oeGbf a9Lsf] ;xeflutf x'g] 

cWoIf u'?ªn] hfgsf/L u/fOg . 

cWoIf u'?ªsf cg';f/ ;Dd]ngsf] 

tof/L nueu k"/f ePsf] 5 . 

;Dd]ngdf k|ltlglw cfpg] qmd 

z"? ePsf] 5 . ;Dd]ng tof/Lsf] 

nflu If]qLo ;+of]hs ls/0f yfkf 

l8;]Da/ ^ df xªsªdf k'lu;s]sf 

5g\ . ;+of]hs yfkf hfkfgdf 

a:b} cfPsf 5g\ . ;Dd]ngdf 

ljleGg Pl;of Kofl;lkmsdf 

sfo{/t g]kfnLsf ;d:of klxrfg 

ug] {, ko{6g k|a4{g ug] {nufotsf 

ljleGg ljifodf s]lGÎt eP/ 

5nkmn ul/g] ePsf] 5 . 

Pl;of If]qLo ;Dd]ngdf g]kfnL 

sfdbf/sf] ;lxt8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

cfSjf xG8«]8 ldg/n jf6/df ls/}ls/f 

b'u8 u'|ksf] u}/lhDd]jf/ sfo{ 

sf7df8f}+ -h;_– 7"nf 

3/flgofF sDkgLsf] gfddf g]kfnL 

ahf/df laqmL x'Fb} cfPsf] …cfSjf 

xG8«]8Ú gfdsf] kfgL u'0f:t/xLg 

/ aGb af]6nleq ;fª\nf e]l6Psf] 

5 . Pr;L b'u8 u'|kåf/f pTkfbg 

x'Fb} cfPsf] ;f] kfgLdf ;fª\nf / 

ls/fx? e]l6Psf] xf] . ;f] ;d"xn] 

pTkfbg u/]sf] s] )!* Aofr 

gDa/ /x]sf] kfgLdf v'nf cfFvfn] 

b]lvg]u/L ;fª\nf e]l6Psf] 5 . 

;f] sDkgLn] !$–!!–@)!* df 

!$ ah]/ $! ldg]6df Kofs 

ul/Psf] af]6ndf ;fª\nf e]l6Psf] 

xf] . ahf/df v'Îf k;ndf vl/b 

ul/Psf] ;f] kfgLsf] af]6nleq 

;fª\nf e]l6Pkl5 k6s–k6s ;f] 

sDkgLsf cflwsfl/s JolQm;Fu 

;Dks{ ubf{ sf]xL klg ;Dks{df 

cfpg rfx]gg\ . 

g]kfnsf] cfÎgf], g]kfndf 

ag]sf] eGg] gf/f n]v]/ ahf/df 

u/L dGbljif g} a]r]sf] cf/f]k 

pkef]QmfjfbLx?sf] /x]sf] 5 . 

;f] ;d"xsf sd{rf/L rGÎdl0f 

l3ld/]n] …sf]xL s;}n] k|Zg ub}{df 

pQ/ lbg'k5{ eGg] 5}g, clxn] 

d]/f] ldl6ª 5, km';{b 5}gÚ eGb} 

k7fPsf] ;f] kfgL cfSjf ldlg/n 

g]kfn k|fOe]6 lnld6]8 Pr;L 

b'u8 u'|kn] pTkfbg ub}{ cfPsf] 

5 . ;x/L If]qdf cTolws 

¿kdf b]lvPsf] vfg]kfgLsf] 

dfunfO{ k"lt{ ug]{ p2]Zon] g]kfn 

;/sf/af6 :jLs[lt k|fKt kfgL 

sDkgLx?n] b"lift kfgLsf] laqmL 

o'PO{sf Joj;foLnfO{ 

kmf]gnfOg sf6] . o;};DaGwdf 

pBf]u, cfk"lt{ 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

g]kfndf nufgL ug{ cfu|x 

sf7df8f}F-h;_– 

pkk|wfgdGqL Pj+ /IffdGqL O{Zj/ 

kf]v/]n;Fu a'waf/ g]kfnsf nflu 

;+o'Qm c/a Old/]6\; -o'PO_ 

sf /fhb"t ;Ob xddg cn 

gfSaLn] lzi6frf/ e]6 u/] . 

pkk|wfgdGqLn] kf]v/]nn] g]kfn 

/ o'POaLr ljut rf/ bzsb]lv 

3lgi7 Pj+ d}qLk"0f{ ;DaGw /x]sf] 

/ of] ;DaGw cfufdL lbgdf k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] / g]kfndf cg'ej /x]sf] s'/f pNn]v ub}{ 

cem a9L k|uf9 aGb} hfg] o'POsf pBdL Joj;foLsf] g]kfnL ;]gf / o'POaLr cg'ej 

ljZjf; JoQm u/] . e]63f6sf nufgLnfO{ k|j4{g ug{ ;/sf/n] cfbfgk|bfgnufot ;}Go If]qdf 

qmddf pkk|wfgdGqLn] em08} nufgL d}qL gLlt tyf sfo{qmd cfk;L ;xof]u lj:tf/ ug]{ k|z:t 

b'O{ nfvsf] xf/fxf/Ldf cfk|jf;L cl3 a9fO/x]sf] ljrf/ JoQm ;Defjgf /x]sf] pkk|wfgdGqLn] 

g]kfnL sfdbf/ /x]sf] o'PO;Fusf] u/] . cGt/f{li6«o zflGt :yfkgfdf cf}FNofP . /fhb"tn] gfSaLn] o'PO 

;DaGwnfO{ g]kfnn] pRr g]kfnsf] 5 bzs nfdf] / g]kfn nfdf] 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

rf/ dxLgfleq nufgLd}qL sfg"g 

lgdf{0f x'G5 M dGqL clwsf/L 


;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s 

p88\ogdGqL /jLGb| clwsf/Ln] 

nufgLd}qL jftfj/0f agfpg 

;/sf/ lqmofzLn /x]sf] atfpsf 

5g\ . g]kfn r]Da/ ckm 

sdz{n] a'waf/ oxfF cfof]hgf 

u/]sf] …g]kfn–sf]l/of cfly{s 

;DaGwsf cfofdx?Ú ljifosf] 

sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ 

pgn] ;/sf/n] rf/ dxLgfleq 

nufgLd}qL sfg"g lgdf{0f 

ug]{ atfP . pgn] eg], ænufgL 

leq\ofpg s'g ljifodf afwf 5, 

tL ljifo tLg÷rf/ dxLgfdf 

x6fpF5f}F . g]kfndf x'g nfu]sf] 

nufgL ;Dd]ng cufj} ;/sf/n] 

j}b]lzs nufgL leq\ofpg 

cfjZos kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ sfg"g 

lgdf{0f ul/;S5 .Æ g]kfn / 

sf]l/ofaLrsf] Jofkf/ ;Gt'ng 

sfod ug{ lgs} r'gf}tLk"0f{ /x]sf] 

atfpFb} dGqL clwsf/Ln] Jofkf/ 

c;Gt'ng Go"gLs/0f ug{ ko{6g 

;zQm If]q 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df

@)&% d+l;/ @) ut], laxLaf/ 

Thursday 6 December 2018 

Pgcf/PgP 

5}6f}+ Plzof Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ng ljz]iff° 

sf+u|];åf/f cfly{s j[l4;lxtsf] ;dfgtfdf hf]8 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–k|d'v 

k|ltkIfL bn g]kfnL sfª\u|];n] 

kf6L{sf ;+:yfks g]tf lakL 

sf]O/fnfn] clVtof/ ug{'ePsf] 

cfly{s j[l4;lxtsf] ;dfgtf 

xfl;n ug]{ nIonfO{ oyfjt\ 

:jLsfb}{ tL nIok|fKt ug]{ 

tl/sfdf ;do;fk]If ultzLntf 

ckgfpg] gLlt lng] hgfPsf] 5 . 

kf6L{sf] ;du| cfly{s gLlt k|:tfj 

;ldltsftkm{af6 ;xdxfdGqL 

Pj+ ;ldltsf ;+of]hs 8f 

k|sfzz/0f dxtn] a'waf/ 

sfª\u|]; s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldlt 

a}7sdf ;du| cfly{s gLlt 

k|:t't u/]sf lyP . sfª\u|];sf] 

cfly{s gLltsf af/]df hfgsf/L 

lbg a'waf/ oxfF cfof]lht 

kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf pgn] pRr 

pTkfbsTjdf cfwfl/t lbuf] 

/ km/flsnf] cfly{s j[l4nfO{ 

kf6L{sf] cfly{s gLltdf s]lGb|t 

u/]sf] hfgsf/L lbP . 

;ldltsf] ;b:odf 

PgkL ;fpb, lrqn]vf ofbj, 

dLg ljZjsdf{, wg/fh u'?ª, 

uf]ljGb e§/fO{, u'?/fh l3ld/], 

hLjgaxfb'/ zfxL, lzjk|;fb 

x'dfufO{+, /x]sf 5g\ . oxL dª\l;/ 

!# ut]b]lv hf/L sfª\u|]; s]Gb|Lo 

;ldlt a}7sdf kf6L{sf] ljwfg 

d:of}bfdfly 5nkmn hf/L 5 . 

pQm 5nkmnkl5 cfly{s 

gLltsf af/]df 5nkmn x'g]5 . 

s]Gb|Lo ;ldltaf6 kfl/t ePkl5 

ljwfg d:of}bf / cfly{s gLlt 

cfufdL dª\l;/ @* b]lv k'; # 

ut];Dd x'g] kf6L{sf] dxf;ldlt 

/fhlj/fh . k|d'v lgjf{rg 

cfo'Qm 8f cof]wLk|;fb ofbjn] 

ljjfb Go"gLs/0fsf nflu sfg"gsf] 

kfngf ug{ 'kg] {atfPsf 5g\. lgjf{rg 

cfof]un] ;Kt/Lsf] /fhlj/fhdf 

cfh cfof]hgf u/]sf] lgjf{rg 

a}7sdf k]z ul/g]5 . pgn] 

eg], æsfª\u|];n] ;dtfd"ns 

nf]ssNof0fsf/L /fHo, /f]huf/ 

d'vL o'jf s]lGÎt pBdzLntf, 

;fy{s ljQLo ;ª\3Lotf / 

;bfrf/o'Qm cfly{s ;'zf;gnfO{ 

k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf 5f}F .Æ 

;+:yfks g]tf sf]O/fnfn] 

@)!@ ;fndf jL/u~hdf 

ePsf] sfª\u|];sf] clwj]zgdf 

k|:t't ug'{ePsf] k|hftflGqs 

;dfhjfbL cjwf/0ff a'waf/ 

klg plQs} ;fGble{s /x]sf] 

kf6L{n] hgfPsf] 5 . æcfly{s 

;+/rgfdf cfpg] kl/jt{g;Fu} 

;dfhsf] ljleGg ju{ ;d"xsf] 

cfjZostf / tL cfjZostf 

k"lt{ ug]{ ljlw k|lqmof km/s kg]{ 

x'gfn] ;f]cg';f/ nIo k|fKt ug]{ 

tl/sfdf ultzLntf x'g' plQs} 

h?/L x'G5Æ, ;xdxfdGqL 8f 

dxtn] eg] . 

lj;+ @)!% df lakLsf] 

g]t[Tjdf sfª\u|];sf] ;/sf/ 

ePsf a]nfdf e"lddf cfwfl/t 

cy{tGq / To;sf] :j?knfO{ 

ljjfb sd ug{ sfg"g dfGg'k5{ M ofbj 

ljjfb lg?k0f sfol{ \jlw th{ 'df 

k/fdz{ sfo{zfnf uf]i7L;DaGwL 

sfo{qmddf k|d'v cfo'Qm ofbjn] 

dtbfgsf a]nf dtbfg s]GÎdf 

dtu0fgf gu/]sf sf/0f klg ljjfb 

a9]sf] eGb} casf] lgjf{rgdf 

dtbfg s]GÎd} dtu0fgf u/]df 

s'g} klg ljjfb gx'g] lhls/ u/] . 

pgn] d'n'ssf] w]/} :yfgLo 

txdf j8f cWoIfsf] kb vfnL 

/x]sf] hfgsf/L lbFb} l/Qm /x]sf] 

j8f cWoIfsf] kbaf/] ;/sf/ df}g 

/x]sf] cf/f]k nufP . w]/} 7fpFdf 

l/Qm /x]sf] j8f cWoIfsf] kbk"lt{ 

ug] { ;jfndf ;/sf/nfO{ hfgsf/L 

u/fP klg rf;f] glnPsf] pgn] 

atfP . ut jif{sf] lgjf{rgkl5 

d'n'se/df vfnL /x]sf] j8fWoIfsf] 

kbaf/] ;/sf/n] Wofg lbg h?/L 

atfpFb} d'n'se/df s/La !$^ 

d'2f k/]sf] / oLdWo] !!% j6f d'2f 

j8f cWoIfs} /x]sf] / xfn;Dd 

d'2fsf] lgSof} {n x'g g;s]sf] atfP . 

j8fWoIfsf] :yfgLo txdf e"ldsf 

cg';f/ l/Qm /x]sf] j8fWoIfsf] 

kbk"lt{ ug{sf nflu lgjf{rg x'g 

h?/L /x]sf] atfpFb} o;k|lt g]kfn 

;/sf/n] Wofg glbPsf] pgn] 

;d]t cf/f]k nufP . gn] ;Kt/L 

lhNnfdf ut jif{ ;DkGg lgjf{rgdf 

zflGtk"j{s / ljjfb/lxt lgjf{rg 

;DkGg u/fPsf] eGb} :yfgLo 

;'/IffsdL{ k|x/L k|zf;g lhNnfsf] 

d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[tnufot 

lhNnfjf;LnfO{ 

JoQm u/] . 

wGojfb 

rf/=== 

ePsf] / ko{6gsf] dfWodaf6 Jofkf/ 3f6f k"lt{ ug{ ;lsg] 

ljZjf; JoQm u/] . a9LeGbf a9L sf]l/ofdf /x]sf af}4dfuL{nfO{ 

g]kfnsf] e|d0f u/fpg …af}4 kl/kyÚ nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg' cfjZos 

ePsf] atfpFb} pgn] ca l5§} g]kfn Po/nfOG;n] sf7df8f}Faf6 

sf]l/of l;wf p8fg eg]{ hfgsf/L lbP . 

g]kfnsf nflu sf]l/ofnL /fhb"t kfs{ of]u l;sn] g]kfndf 

s[lif, ko{6g, lzIff, :jf:Yo / pBf]udf nufgLsf] ;Defjgf eP 

klg nufgLsf] nflu cfjZos sfg"g kof{Kt gePsf] atfP . g]kfn– 

sf]l/ofaLrsf] Jofkf/ cGo b]zsf] txdf x'g g;s]sf] eGb} pgn] 

Jofkfl/s ;DaGw a9fpg'kg]{df hf]8 lbP . /fhb"t kfs{n] g]kfn 

e|d0f jif{ @)@) nfO{ ;kmn agfpg sf]l/ofn] ;Sbf] ;xof]u ug]{ 

k|lta4tf JoQm u/] . 

r]Da/sf cWoIf /fh]zsfhL >]i7n] g]kfndf ko{6g, s[lif tyf 

cf}Bf]lus If]qdf nufgL ug{ sf]l/ofnL nufgLstf{nfO{ cfu|x u/] . 

olta]nf d'n'sdf l:y/ ;/sf/ ag]sf] / ;/sf/ j}b]lzs nufgL 

leqØfpg uDeL/ ePsfn] g]kfndf olta]nf nufgLsf] nflu pko'Qm 

;do cfPsf] pgsf] egfO lyof] . g]kfn / sf]l/ofaLr ;g\ !(&$ df 

s"6gLlts ;DaGw :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . sf]l/ofn] g]kfnsf] ljsf;df 

ljleGg If]qdf cfly{s tyf k|fljlws ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . k"jf{wf/ 

lgdf{0f, /]zdv]tLsf] ljsf;, hnljB't\ cfof]hgfsf] lgdf0f, ;'zf;g 

/ :jf:Yonufot If]qdf ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . To:t} sf]l/ofnL 

cGt/f{li6«o ;xfotf lgof]u -sf]Osf_dfkm{t k|fljlws lzIffnosf] 

:yfkgf, ;"rgf k|ljlw s]Gb|sf] lgdf{0f, n'lDagLnfO{ ljZj zflGt 

zx/sf ?kdf ljsf;sf ultljlw cl3 a9]sf] 5 . 

g]kfnaf6 la/fnf] tyf s's'/sf] vfgf, s6gsf Hofs]6, 

;ª\uLtsf ;fdu|L, dbL/f, lkpg] kfgL, pmgsf sk8f tyf hgjf/sf] 

/f}Faf6 lgld{t ;fdu|L sf]l/of lgof{t x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ljleGg d]l;g/L 

kf6k"hf{, cf}Bf]lus sRrf kbfy{, ;jf/L ;wfgsf] kf6k"hf{, lk|lG6ª 

tyf kmf]6f]skL d]l;gnufotsf ;fdu|L cfoft x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ;g\ 

@)!& df ? !^ s/f]8 () nfvsf] g]kfnL j:t' sf]l/of lgof{t 

ePsf] lyof] eg] ? Ps ca{ Ps s/f]8 ^$ nfvsf] sf]l/ofnL ;fdfg 

g]kfn cfoft ePsf] r]Da/n] hgfPsf] 5 . b'O{ 7"nf cy{tGq ePsf] 

d'n's rLg / hfkgsf] glhs /x]sf] blIf0f sf]l/ofn] kl5Nnf] ;do 

b|'t cfly{s ljsf; ub}{ zlQm /fi6«sf ?kdf cfkm"nfO{ pEofg ;kmn 

ePsf] 5 . ljZj a}+ssf cg';f/ blIf0f sf]l/of ljZjsf] 5}6f}+ 7"nf] 

lgof{t ug]{ b]z xf] eg] Joj;fo ug{ ;xh /fi6«sf] ;"rLdf rf}yf] 

gDa/df 5 . 

o'PO{sf=== 

;dob]lv cToGt c;n ldqsf ¿kdf /x]sf] rrf{ ub}{ 

o'POdf 7"nf] ;ª\Vofdf g]kfnL sfdbf/ /x]sf] / ltgn] xfnsf 

lbgdf ;'/Iff, lgdf{0f tyf ;]jf If]qdf dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg 

k'¥ofO/x]sf] atfP . 

Wofgdf /fvL hf]tfxfsf] xs 

:yflkt ug]{ gLlt clVtof/ 

ul/Psf] lyof] . lj;+ @)$^ 

sf] kl/jt{g kl5 sfª\u|];sf] 

;/sf/n] b]zsf] cfly{s j[l4 

;fy} pTkfbgdf lghL If]qsf] 

e"ldsfnfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy 

cl3 a9fof] . h;sf sf/0f 

cfly{s pTkfbgdf 7"nf] j[l4 

ePsf] pNn]v ub{} pgn] eg], 

æ;fdflhs ;'/Iff, :jf:Yo, 

lzIff, vfg]kfgL, ;8s, l;FrfO 

ufpFufpFdf k'Ug yfNof] . h;sf 

sf/0f @)$* df g]kfnLsf] cf};t 

cfo' %$ jif{ ePsfdf clxn] &@ 

jif{ k'u]sf] 5 . lzIffdf ;a}sf] 

Jofks kx'Fr lj:tf/ eof] . 

;8s ;~hfn ;ft xhf/ lsdL 

;8s /x]sfdf clxn] *% xhf/ 

lsdL ePsf] 5 .Æ ;xdxfdGqL 

8f dxtn] sfª\u|]; ;efklt 

z]/axfb'/ b]pjf g]t[Tjsf] 

tTsfnLg ;/sf/n] ;kmntfk"j{s 

lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug{'sf ;fy} 

;/sf/ 5f]8\bf ? @%& ca{ /fHo 

sf]ifdf gub;d]t art u/]sf] 

8fFsf d'2fsf km/f/ 

k|ltjfbL /fO{ kqmfp 

vf]6fª . k|x/Ln] 8fFsf 

d'2fsf km/f/ k|ltjfbLnfO{ 

kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . kqmfp kg]{df 

s]lknf;u9L ufpFkflnsf–% a:g] 

#) jifL{o /fh]z /fO{ /x]sf 

5g\ . vf]6fª lhNnf cbfntsf] 

km};nfn] ^ jif{ s}b / ( nfv 

hl/jgf x'g] 7x/ ePsf 8fFsf 

d'2fsf /fO{nfO{ d+unaf/ lhNnf 

k|x/L sfof{no vf]6fªsf] k|x/L 

6f]nLn] kqmfp u/]sf] xf] . lgh 

k|ltjfbL /fO{nfO{ n'sLl5kL 

a:b} cfPsf] ;"rgfsf] cfwf/df 

kqmfp u/L km};nf sfof{Gjogsf] 

nflu lhNnf cbfnt vf]6fª k]z 

ul/Psf] 5 . cbfntsf] cfb]zn] 

s}b e'Qmfgsf] nflu a'waf/ 

vf]6fª sf/fuf/ k7fOPsf] 

lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, vf]6fªn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . 

hfgsf/L u/fP . 

pRr pTkfbsTjdf 

cfwfl/t lbuf] / km/flsnf] cfly{s 

j[l4sf nflu Jofks :jb]zL 

/ ljb]zL nufgL leqØfpg] / 

o;sf nflu ljs]Gb|Ls[t Psåf/ 

k|0ffnL nfu" ug]{ tyf cfoft 

k|lt:yfkg ug]{ pBf]u Joj;fo 

;+/If0f ug]{ gLlt clVtof/ 

ul/g] kf6L{sf] cfly{s gLltdf 

pNn]v 5 . sfª\u|];n] s[lif 

If]qsf b]lvPsf ;d:of ;dfwfg 

ug{ jf:tljs ls;fgnfO{ ;'ne 

Jofhb/df s[lif C0f;lxtsf] 

cg'bfg gLlt Nofpg] / e"ldsf] 

v08Ls/0fnfO{ /f]Sg, s/f/ / 

;xsf/L s[lifnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ 

gLlt lng] hgfPsf] 5 . :yfgLo 

hgtf k|ToIf nfeflGjt x'g] 

ko{6gsf] ljljwLs/0f / pRr 

d"No cfslif{t ug]{ ko{6gnfO{ 

k|j4{g ug]{ kf6L{sf] gLlt 5 . 

pgn] eg], æJofkf/ 3f6f 

sd u/L :jb]zL hnljB't\sf] 

pkef]u a9fpg ;g\ @)#) af6 

k]6«f]lnod kbfy{df cfwfl/t 

oftfoftsf ;fwgsf] k|of]u k"0f{ 

cGTo ub}{ 3/fo;L k|of]hgdf 

ljB't\ pkef]u a9fpg] gLlt 

clVtof/ ug]{5f}F .Æ pmhf{ 

If]qdf sfª\u|];n] :jb]zL / 

ljb]zL nufgL cfslif{t u/L 

/fli6«o cfjZostf k"lt{sf ;fy} 

lgof{t ahf/sf] ljljwLs/0faf6 

kfFr jif{leq d'n'ssf] ;Dk"0f{ 

If]qdf ljB'tLs/0f k"/f ug{] 

gLlt lng] hgfPsf] 5 . sfª\u|]; 

…;a}sf nflu u'0f:t/Lo :jf:Yo 

;+o'Qm c/a Old/]6;sf nufgLstf{ g]kfnsf] s[lif, ko{6g, 

oftfoft, kl/jxg tyf ljdfg:yn Joj:yfkgnufotsf If]qdf 

nufgL ug{ OR5's /x]sfn] To;sf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/sf tkm{af6 

cfjZos ;xhLs/0f ul/lbg pgn] cfu|x u/]sf] /Iff dGqfnosf 

k|jQmf afa'/fd uf}tdn] hfgsf/L lbP . e]6sf cj;/df /Iff dGqfno 

tyf k//fi6« dGqfnosf k|ltlglwsf];d]t pkl:ylt lyof] . 

cfSjf=== 

tyf pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f ljefusf dxflgb]{zs of]u]GÎ uf}rgn] 

s'g} klg sDkgLn] pTkfbg u/]sf / k|ToIf hg:jf:Yo;Fu ;/f]sf/ 

/fVg] j:t'df s}lkmot e]l6Pdf, u'0f:t/xLg ePdf / gfËf] cfFvfn] 

x]bf{ cvfB j:t' e]l6Pdf To:tf sDkgLsf] pTkfbgdf /f]s nufO{ 

yk cg';Gwfg u/L k|dfl0ft ePdf sf/afxL x'g] atfP . dxflgb]{zs 

uf}rgn] eg],…olb gfËf] cfFvfn] x]bf{ cvfB j:t' / oxfFn] b]vfPsf] 

k|df0fsf cg';f/ ;f] sDkgLaf6 kfgLsf] Koflsª ug]{qmddf 

x]nr]Sof{OF u/]sf] b]lvof], o; ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt ;/sf/L lgsfo;Fu 

ldn]/ cg';Gwfg ul/G5, ;f] af]6n gSsnL geO{ ;SsnL g} ePdf 

sfg'g;Ddt sf/afxL ug]{5f}F .Ú 

dxflgb]{zs uf}rgsf cg';f/ of] d'2fnfO{ vfB k|ljlw ljefun] 

x]g]{ xf] . xfdLn] klg x]5f}{F, k|dfl0ft eP vfB P]g @)&% sf] bkmf !* 

…uÚ df pNn]v ePsf] pkef]Qmfsf] :jf:Yodf k|lts"n c;/ kg]{ j:t' 

jf ;]jf pTkfbg jf laqmL ug]{sf] s;'/ bkmf !* ljk/Lt x'g]u/L sfd 

u/] jf u/fPdf sf/afxL x'g] hgfP . clwsf+z ;/sf/L sfof{nob]lv 

k|wfgdGqL lgjf; afn'jf6f/b]lv /fhwfgLsf] ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfb]lv 

kfFrtf/] xf]6ndf ;f] kfgLsf] k|of]u x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ;j{;fwf/0f 

hgtfx¿nufot cTolws ljb]zLx¿sf] rfk /xg] /fhwfgLdf 

clxn] vfg]kfgLsf] cefjnfO{ k"lt{ ug]{ axfgfdf Pr;L b'u8 u'|kn] 

dGbljifg} a]r]sf] cf/f]k pkef]Qmfx?sf] /x]sf] 5 . cGo ldlg/n jf6/ 

pBf]ueGbf cTolws dx+uf] d"No /fv]/ ahf/ k7fPsf] cfSjf xG8«]8 

gfdsf] ;f] kfgLsf af]6n / hf/sf] kfgL u'0f:t/xLg /x]sf] cfz+sf 

ljefun] ;d]t u/]sf] 5 . 

kfgLsf] nflu wgL b]z ePklg dx+uf] d"No lt/]/ kfgL vfg] 

rng j[l4 x'Fb} uPsf] df}sf 5f]kL wgLx'g] pkfo ;f] u'|ksf] /x]sf] 5 . 

cfd pkef]Qmfx¿ k};f lt/]/ ldg/njf6/ lsg]kl5 :j:ys/ g} xf]nf 

egL lgw{Ss;fy lkP klg ;f] kfgLdf cvfB j:t'sf] ld;fj6 / ls/f 

/x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . ;f] u'|kn] u'0f:t/sf] cfZjf;g lbgsf] nflu eGb} 

dfl;s cfwf/df pTkfbgx¿ k/LIf0f / t];|f] kIf k|of]uzfnfåf/f 

k|dfl0ft u/]sf] k|rf/ u/]klg xfn} pTkfbg u/]/ ahf/ k7fPsf] 

kfgLsf] hf/leq ;fª\nf e]l6Psf] af/] eg] ;f] sDkgL s]xL af]Ng 

rfx]sf] 5}g . ;f] sDkgLsf sd{rf/L l3ld/]n] eg],…xfd|f] kfgLdf s'g} 

v/faL 5}g, u'0f:t/ 5, gkTofP xfd|f] ÎofS6«L 3'Dg'xf]nf .Ú pgn] 

! ln6/sf] af]6ndf k|i6;Fu b]lvg] ;fª\nfsf] ;DaGwdf rflxF s] 

eGg'x'G5 eGbf kmf]gnfOg sf6]sf lyP . 

vfB k|ljlw tyf u'0f lgoGq0f ljefun] eg] af]tnaGb 

kfgLdf v/faL e]l6Psf] k|df0f ePkl5 xb};Ddsf] sf/afxL x'g] 

/ ;a}sf nflu u'0f:t/Lo lzIffÚ 

sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ sfof{Gjog 

ug]{ pNn]v ub{} ;fdflhs aLdfsf] 

sfo{qmddfkm{t ;fdflhs ;'/Iff 

;'lglZrttf ug{] cfly{s gLltdf 

pNn]v 5 . 

pgn] eg], ætTsfnLg 

b]pjf ;/sf/n] 3f]if0ff u/]sf ^% 

jif{ gf3]sf Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ 

j[4eQf, hl6n k|sf/sf /f]uLnfO{ 

pkrf/ eQf lbg] gLlt klg 

cufl8 a9fOg]5 . sfª\u|];n] 

z'? u/]sf] >ldssf nflu 

;fdflhs ;'/Iff Kofs]hnfO{ 

klg sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 . o'jf 

:j/f]huf/nfO{ k|fyldstf 

lbOg]5 .Æ ;ª\3Lo Joj:yfnfO{ 

cfly{s k|efjsfl/tf / kx'Fr 

a9fpg ;+ljwfgn] kl/sNkgf 

u/]sf] /fli6«o k|fs[lts ;|f]t 

tyf ljQ cfof]unfO{ tTsfn 

lqmofzLn u/fpg] / ;zQm 

agfpg] kIfdf /x]sf] sfª\u|];n] 

hgfPsf] 5 . ælakLn] eg] 

h:t} æPs Ps yf]kf b"w x}g, 

sDtLdf Ps Ps lunf; b"wÆ 

eGg] cjwf/0ffcg'?k pTkfbg 

j[l4 / Gofof]lrt ljt/0f nlIft 

;d'bfo Pj+ k5fl8 k/]sf ju{ / 

;d"xdf k'¥ofpg] nIotkm{ xfd|f 

gLltpGd'v x'g]5g\Æ, ;xdxfdGqL 

8f dxtn] eg] . cfufdL 

bzs /fli6«o k'ghf{u/0fsf] 

bzs x'g] / g]kfnnfO{ lbuf] 

ljsf;df sDtLdf dWod cfo 

ePsf] d'n's agfpg gLltut 

;'wf/ ug{] cfly{s gLltdf 

pNn]v 5 . 

;ldltsf] lgb]{zgkl5 

j[4f>dsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg 

sf7df8f}+-h;_– 

k|ltlglw;ef, dlxnf tyf 

;fdflhs ;ldltsf] lgb]{zgdf 

kz'klt j[4f>ddf b]lvPsf 

;d:of ;dfwfg ePsf] 

5 . ;ldltsf ;efklt 

lg?b]jL kfnsf] ;+of]hsTjdf 

uPsf] 6f]nLn] ut c;f]h @! 

ut] kz'klt If]qleq /x]sf 

j[4f>dsf] lg/LIf0f cjnf]sg 

u/]sL lyOg\ . ;f] cj;/df 

j[4f>dn] vfg]kfgLsf] ;d:of, 

jftfj/0f g} b'3l{\Gwt kfg]{ u/L 

agfPsf] ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno, 

gful/stf tyf j[4f>d 

agfpg cfjZos hUufsf] 

;d:of /x]sf] hgfPsf] lyof] . 

;efklt kfnn] 

j[4f>ddf b]lvPsf] ;d:of 

;dfwfgsf nflu ;do 

tf]s]/ g} ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ 

lgb]{zg lbPkl5 pQm :yfgdf 

vfg]kfgLsf] Joj:yfkg 

ePsf] 5 eg] b'3l{\Gwt ?kdf 

/x]sf] ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno 

aGb ul/Psf] 5 . j[4f>ddf 

a;f]af; ub}{ cfPsf !^# 

j[4j[4fsf] gful/stf gePsf 

sf/0f ;/sf/L ;]jf;'ljwfaf6 

;d]t jl~rt x'g' 

k/]sf] u'gf;f]sf ;DaGwdf 

u[xdGqfnon] sf7df8f}F lhNnf 

k|zf;g sfof{nonfO{ cfjZos 

k|lqmof k"/f u/L gful/stf 

k|bfg ug{ lnlvt hfgsf/ 

L;d]t k7fO;s]sf] 5 . 

sf7df8f} +. s~rgk'/sL 

lgd{nf kGtsf] xTofsf] cg';Gwfg 

ug{ k|x/Ln] sf7df8f} +af6 Ps hgf 

o'js kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . k|x/Lsf] 

s]GÎLo cg';Gwfg Ao"/f] -;LcfO{aL_n] 

sf7df8f} +af6 @@ jif{sf o'jfnfO{ 

kqmfp u/]/ lx/f;tdf /fv]sf] 5 . 

pgsf] gfd ;fj{hlgs ug{ gldNg] 

/ lx/f;tdf /fv]/ cg';Gwfg 

e}/x]sf] ;LcfO{aLn] hgfPsf] 5 . 

k|x/Lsf] d'Vo z+sfdf /x]sf pgnfO{ 

nfdf] ;dob]lv vf]hL u/] klg 

lxhf] dfq} kqmfp ug{ ;kmn ePsf] 

;LcfO{aL ;|f]tsf] bfjL 5 . kqmfp 

k/]sf o'jsaf6 36gfsf] glhs 

k'Ug klg ;xof]u ldNg] ;|f]tn] 

atfof] . pgsf] 8LPgP k/LIf0f 

ug{ ljlw lj1fg k|of]uzfnfdf 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–lzIff, 

lj1fg tyf k|ljlwdGqL 

lu/L/fhdl0f kf]v/]nn] g]kfnsf] 

ljBfno lzIffdf lrlgofF efiff 

k9fpg] tof/L eO/x]sf] atfPsf 

5g\ . g]kfn–rLg ;f+:s[lts 

tyf z}lIfs kl/ifb\n] cfh 

;fFem cfof]hgf u/]sf] …rLgdf 

k9]sf ljBfyL{sf] kfFrf}F hd36Ú 

sfo{qmddf pgn] g]kfnsf 

ljBfyL{n] rLgdf k9]/ g]kfn– 

rLgaLrsf] ;DaGwnfO{ emg\ 

ghLs agfPsf] atfP . pgn] 

;/sf/n] …;d[4 g]kfn, ;'vL 

g]kfnLÚsf] gf/fnfO{ cufl8 

atfPsf] 5 . lkpgsf] nflu ;lhnf] / :j:ys/ ePsf] em"6f] k|rf/ 

ub}{ dx+uf]df kfgL laqmL ug]{ ;f] ;d"xn] l;naGb af]tnleq /x]sf] 

ls/fsf] ;DaGwdf eg] r'k a;]sf] 5 . afnfh' cf}Bf]lus If]qleq 

;f] u'|ksf] ÎofS6«L :yfkgf u/]/ b}lgs xhf/f} af]tn tyf hf/x¿ 

pTkfbg ub}{} cfPsf] sDkgLaf6 pTkfbg ePsf] pQm ldlg/n 

jf6/sf] af]tnleq ls/f;lxt e]l6Psf] 5 . k|zf]lwt kfgLdf ls/f 

e]l6g] u/]kl5 pkef]Qmfsf] Hofg;Fu v]naf8 ug]{dfly s8feGbf s8f 

sf/afxL x'g'kg]{ pkef]QmfjfbLx?sf] egfO 5 . ;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 

clwsf+z kfgLsf pBf]un] vfg]kfgL pTkfbgdf Go"gtd dfkb08 

;d]t k"/f gu/]sf] k|ltj]bg vfg]kfgLdGqL lagf du/;dIf ;d]t 

a'emfPsf] lyof] . kfgL pBf]ux?n] ;kmf gu/]sf], aflx/L cfFvfn] g} 

b]Vg ;lsg] kmf]xf]/;lxtsf] kfgL /x]sf], hf/ / af]6nsf] kfgL pTkfbg 

ug]{n] ;fdfGo ;/;kmfOdf ;d]t Wofg glbPsf] kfOPsf] 5 . a9\bf] 

hg;+Vof / cTolws dfqfdf vfg]kfgLsf] dfusf] kmfObf p7fpFb} s]xL 

lghL kfgL Joj;foLx?n] cfd pkef]Qmfsf] hg:jf:Yodf k|lts"n 

c;n kg]{ u/L u'0f:t/xLg kfgLsf] pTkfbg u/]/ laqmLljt/0f ub}{} 

cfPsf] e]l6Psf] 5 . hldgd'lgsf] kfgLnfO{ tfg]/ l;naGbL af]6ndf 

Kofs u/L cTolws dx+uf]df laqmL x'Fb} cfPsf ldg/njf6/x? kl5Nnf] 

;dodf u'0f:t/xLg / cvfB j:t' ldl;Psf] kfgL ahf/df laqmL x'Fb} 

cfPsf] kfOPsf] xf] . 

xªsª=== 

lxt / nufgLsf ljifodf 5nkmn s]lGÎt x'g] cfof]hsn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . ;Dd]ngdf 5nkmnsf] nflu ljleGg ljifox? to 

ul/Psf 5g\ . ;Dd]ngdf gful/stf;DjlGw 5nkmn, /f]huf/L;DjlGw 

5nkmn, Pgcf/PgP d'n'sx?df JofKt ljleGg ;d:ofx?, xªsªsf 

;d:ofx?, lehf ;d:of, dlxnflx+;fsf s'/fx?, dlxnf Pstf / 

g]t[Tjsf] s'/fx?nufot cGo ljljw kIfdf uxg 5nkmn ul/g] 5 . 

;Dd]ng Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qsf ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLsf] lxtdf 

x'g] Pgcf/PgP Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;+of]hs ls/0f ljqmd yfkfn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . …of] ;Dd]ng Pl;of Kofl;lkmsdf /x]sf sl/a 

#) nfv g]kfnLx?nfO{ ;d]6\g] a[xQ ;Dd]ng xf] . /, pxfFx?sf] 

cfkt ljkt, b'Mv ;'v / cGo ljleGg ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfgsf] 

d'n p2]Zo;lxt of] ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf x'g nfu]sf] xf] . ;fy}, 

lzIff, Jofkf/, nufl,L >d h:tf kIfx?df b]vf k/]sf ljleGg vfn] 

;d:ofx?sf] ;Daf]wgsf] lglDt klg of] ;Dd]ngsf] dxTj /xg] 5 . 

xfdLn] elgb} cfPsf] ;d[l4sf] ax; ;d]t of] ;Dd]ngdf x'g] 5 . 

cfkm\gf] b]znfO{ s;/L ;d[4 agfpg] / cfkm\gf] b]z 5f8]/ k/b]lzPsf 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qsf cfd ljBfyL{, >lds, Jofkf/L, nufgLstf{ 

nufotsf] ;xof]udf cfkm\gf] hGde"dLsf s] s:tf sfd ug{ ;lsG5 

eGg] ljdz{ klg x'G5 o; ;Dd]ngdf . ;d[l4 klg w]/} yl/sf x'G5g . 

j}rfl/s ;d[l4, zf/Ll/s ;d[l4, cfly{s ;d[l4, ;f+:s[lts ;d[l4 / 

;fdflhs ;d[l4, /fhgLlts ;d[l4 nufot ;Dk"0f{ kIfx?df ;d[4tf 

Nofpgsf]nflu Pgcf/Pgsf] e"ldsf af/] klg a[xQ ax; x'g]5,Ú 

yfkfn] eg] . 

lgd{nf xTof k|s/0fdf sf7df8f}+af6 

Ps hgf o'js kqmfp 

k7fOPsf] 5 . uPsf] ;fpg !) 

ut] x/fPsL kGtsf] !! ut] 3/ 

glhs}sf] pv'af/Ldf d[tfj:yfdf 

zj e]l6Psf] lyof] . pgsf] 

anfTsf/ / xTof/fdf ;+nUgnfO{ 

kqmfp ug{ w]/} ;ldlt ag] 

klg bf]ifL kqmfp kg{ ;s]sf 

5}gg\ . 36gfsf] k|df0f d]6\g 

;xof]u u/]sf] eGb} @ hgf k|x/L 

lgnDagdf kl/;s]sf 5g\ . 

lgd{nfsf] lglDt Gofo dfUb} 

k|bz{g, k|x/Lsf] nf7Lrfh{;Fu} 

kfFrhgf kqmfp 

sf7df8f} + . s~rgk'/sL 

!# jifL{of lszf]/L lgd{nf kGtsf] 

Gofosf] nflu k|bz{g eO/x]sf] a]nf 

bfªdf k|x/Ln] kfFr hgfnfO{ kqmfp 

u/]sf] 5 . k|x/Ln] bfªsf] 3f]/xLdf 

a9fPsf]n] pQm gf/f k"/f ug{ 

rLgdf k9]/ :jb]z kms]{sf 

g]kfnLsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] 

pNn]v u/] . 

casf @% jif{ 

k5fl8sf] g]kfndf rflxg] 

lzIffcg';f/sf] gLlt agfpg 

dGqfno nflu/x]sf] pgsf] 

egfO lyof] . e"sDkn] eTsfPsf 

ljBfnosf] k'glg{df{0fdf rLg 

;/sf/n] ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] eGb} 

dGqL kf]v/]nn] rLg ;/sf/nfO{ 

wGojfb;d]t lbP . 

g]kfnsf nflu lrlgofF 

/fhb"t o" xf]ªn] e]nfn] g]kfn 

anfTsf/kl5 xTof ul/PsL kGtsf 

xTof/f kQf nufO{ sf/afxLsf] 

dfu;lxt lgd{nfsf] kf]i6/ 6fF:b} 

lxF8]sf kfFr hgfnfO{ kqmfp 

u/]sf] xf] . kf]i6/ 6fF:g] cleoGtf 

;ld/ cf]nLnufotx?dfly 

k|x/Ln] nf7L rfh{ ub}{ kqmfp 

u/]sf] xf] . cleoGtf cf]nL 

eG5g, …a'waf/ lbpF;f] kf]:6/ 

6fFl;/x]sf] ;d"xdfly k|x/Ln] 

nf7Lrfh{ u/]sf] xf] .Úlgd{nfsf] 

anfTsf/kl5 xTof ePsf] 

rf/ dlxgf lalt;Sbf klg 

/fHon] clxn];Dd To;df 

;+nUg JolQmsf] klxrfg ug{ 

tyf kqmfp ug{ g;s]sf] x'Fbf 

Gofosf nflu k|bz{g ug{' k/]sf] 

cf]nLn] atfP . 

g]kfnsf ljBfnodf lrlgofF efiff 

k9fpg] ;/sf/sf] tof/L 

a'6jn-h;_–k|b]z g+ % 

sf] gfd/s0f / :yfoL /fhwfgL 

l;kmfl/z ;ldltsf] sfo{ljlw 

agfpg] ljifonfO{ 6'Ëf] nufpg 

k|b]z;efsf tLg ;b:onfO{ 

lhDdf lbOPsf] 5 . k|b]z g+ % sf] 

k|b]z ;lrjfnodf cfh a;]sf] 

k|b]z g+ % sf] gfds/0f / :yfoL 

/fhwfgL;DaGwL ljz]if ;ldltsf] 

a}7sn] ;ldltsf ;+of]hs 

bLk]GÎs'df/ k'g, t'n;L rf}w/L 

/ /df cof{nnfO{ lhDdf lbOPsf] 

k|b]z ;lrjfnon] hgfPsf] 

/ rLgsf ljBfyL{aLr ;DaGw 

yk ghLs agfPsf] atfP . 

pgn] cfufdL lbgdf klg o:tf 

e]nf ug{ ;'emfj;d]t lbP . 

g]kfnsf pk/fi6«klt, k|wfgdGqL 

/ dGqLx?sf] rLg e|d0fn] klg 

g]kfn–rLg ;DaGw emg\ ghLs 

aGb} uPsf] pgsf] egfO 

lyof] . e]nfdf g]kfnaf6 rLg 

uP/ ljleGg ljifo cWoog 

u/]sf ljBfyL{n] cfÍgf] k9fOsf] 

cg'ejaf/] k|:t'lt lbPsf 

lyP . g]kfnaf6 xfn em08} ;ft 

xhf/sf] xf/fxf/Ldf ljBfyL{ 

rLgdf cWoog ub{5g\ . 

k|b]z % sf] /fhwfgL / gfd tf]Sg] 

sfo{ljlw agfpg] lhDdf tLg hgfnfO{ 

5 . pgLx?n] k|b]z;ef ;~rfng 

x'g'cl3 @^ ut]leq sfol{\jlwdf 

;+zf]wg ug]{ atfOPsf] 5 . 

ljz]if ;ldltsf 

;b:o t'n;L rf}w/Ln] :yfoL 

/fhwfgLsf nflu cem} 

s]xL ;do nfUg] pNn]v ub}{ 

sfol{\jlw k"0f{ ePkl5 lhNnf 

lhNnfaf6 ;'emfj ;Íng 

ul/g] hfgsf/L lbP . pgn] 

;ldltsf] Dofb yksf nflu 

cfu|x ul/Psf] hfgsf/L;d]t 

lbFb} k|b]z;efn] Dofb yk gu/] 

k|b]z;efdf g} 5nkmn ul/g] 

atfP . rf}w/Ln] eg], …:yfoL 

/fhwfgLsf] ljifodf cem} 6'Ëf]df 

k'luPsf] 5}g / gfds/0f ug]{, 

:yfoL /fhwfgL tf]Sg] ljifodf 

ljlw agfpFb} 5f}F .Ú 

k|b]z ;b:o rf}w/Ln] 

k|b]z g+ % sf ljleGg lhNnfaf6 

gfds/0f / :yfoL /fhwfgLsf 

ljifodf ;'emfj ;Íng ul/g] 5 

eg] . k|b]z g+ % g]kfnL sfË|];sf 

;+;bLo bnsf g]tf tyf 

;ldltsf ;b:o anb]j zdf{ 

kf]v/]nn] k|b]z;efsf ;b:on] 

g} :yfoL /fhwfgLsf] 6'Ëf] 

nufpg;Sg] pNn]v ub}{ c?n] 

6'Ëf] nfUb}g eg] . 

g]kfn ;/sf/ 

pBf]u dGqfno 

sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{nosf] 

xsbfjL ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] ;"rgf 

o; sfof{nodf ldlt @)^&÷)!÷!& df btf{ ePsf] k|f=ln= g+=&@^%) sf] 

>L cgdf]n OG6/g]zgn 6«feN; P08 6';{ k|f=ln= gfds sDkgLn] btf{ 

vf/]hL ul/kfpF elg o; sfof{nodf lgj]bg k]z u/]sf] x'Fbf pQm sDkgLn] 

s;};Fu C0f lnPsf] jf ;f] sDkgLsf] s'g} ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ bfloTj 

eP k|df0f ;lxt xsbfjLsf] nflu #% lbg leq o; sfof{nodf bfjL 

ug{ cfpg' x'g ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt 

ul/Psf] 5 . tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq xsbfjL ug{ gcfPdf pQm sDkgLsf] 

btf{ lgodfg';f/ vf/]h ul/g]5 . 

sDkgLsf] gfd kl/jt{g ;DaGwL ;"rgf 

o; sDkgLsf] @)&%÷)#÷!@ df ;DkGg ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] 

lg0f{o adf]lhd ;fljssf] sDkgL Pd=Pn=l8=lk=z]kf{ 6«fen P08 6';{ k|f=ln= 

-k|f=ln=g+=@))()*_ sf] gfddf /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ rncrn ;DklQ tyf ltg'{ kg]{ 

s/ bfloTj÷cGo bfloTj cflb kl/jlt{t sDkgLn] ltg]{ Joxf]g]{ u/L sDkgL 

/lhi6«f/sf] sfof{noaf6 ;d]t ldlt @)&%÷)*÷!# ut]sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ 

sDkgLsf] gfd kl/jt{g u/L Pd=Pn=l8=lk=z]kf{ dlN6kkf]{h k|f=ln=sfod 

ul/Psf] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfåf/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . 

Pd=Pn=l8=lk=z]kf{ dlN6kkf]{h k|f=ln= 

uf]s0f]{Zj/ gu/kflnsf–)*, sf7df08f}+,# 


o; sDkgLsf] @)&%÷)@÷@$ df ;DkGg ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;efsf] lg0f{o 

adf]lhd ;fljssf] sDkgL sf8{ OlGhlgol/ª\u k|f=ln= -k|f=ln=g+=!)@%@(_ 

sf] gfddf /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ rncrn ;DklQ tyf ltg'{ kg]{ s/ bfloTj÷cGo 

bfloTj cflb kl/jlt{t sDkgLn] ltg]{ Joxf]g]{ u/L sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] 

sfof{noaf6 ;d]t ldlt @)&%÷)#÷)% ut]sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ sDkgLsf] 

gfd kl/jt{g u/L ;'gsf]zL OlGhlgol/ª\u k|f=ln=sfod ul/Psf] Joxf]/f 

o;} ;"rgfåf/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . 

;'gsf]zL OlGhlgol/ª\u k|f=ln= 

sf=d=g=kf=,sf7df08f}+,afUdtL 


o; sDkgLsf] @)&$÷)(÷!* df ;DkGg aflif{s÷ljz]if ;fwf/0f 

;efsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd ;fljssf] sDkgL cn–df]gf/ 6]«8 ln+s k|f=ln= 

-k|f=ln=g+=!@%))@_ sf] gfddf /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ rncrn ;DklQ tyf ltg'{ 

kg]{ s/ bfloTj÷cGo bfloTj cflb kl/jlt{t sDkgLn] ltg]{ Joxf]g]{ u/L 

sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{noaf6 ;d]t ldlt @)&%÷)#÷!( ut]sf] lg0f{o 

cg';f/ sDkgLsf] gfd kl/jt{g u/L Unf]an ;]jf k|f=ln=sfod ul/Psf] 

Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfåf/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . 

Uaf]an ;]jf k|f=ln= 

sf=d=g=kf=–)#, sf7df08f}+, afUdtL

Pgcf/PgP 


@)&% d+l;/ @) ut], laxLaf/ 


;sf/fTds ;f]rn] g} d'n'snfO{ 

cfly{s ;d[l4sf] af6f]df n}hfg ;lsG5 

ejg e§ u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3-Pgcf/PgP_ sf cWoIf x'g'x'G5 . e6\6 Pgcf/Pgdf lgjf{lrt eP;Fu} Pgcf/PgPn] ljleGg dxTjk"0f{ sfd ul//x]sf] 5 . 

d'n'sdf cfpg] k|To]s /fd|f s'/fsf nflu ljZjf; / ;xsfo{ cfjZos k5{ eGg] ;f]r /fVg] e6\6 jf:tjdf, ;sf/fTds ;f]rn] g} d'n'snfO{ cfly{s ;d[l4sf] af6f]df 

n}hfg ;lsG5 eGg'x'G5 . e6\6s} cu'jfO{df u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3n] klxnf] k6s ljb]zdf /x]sf g]kfnL lj1x?nfO{ e]nf u/fP/ lj1 ;Dd]ng uof]{ . ljb]zL k'FhL;Fu} 

1fg, l;k / k|ljlw x:tGt/0f ug]{ p2]Zo /fv]/ ul/Psf] lj1 ;Dd]ngsf] ;a}lt/af6 k|;+zf eof] . kl5Nnf] ;do Pgcf/PgnfO{ nfUb} cfPsf] …Aofkf/L ;+:yfÚ sf] 

cfnf]rgfaf6 d'Qm x'g ;kmn ePsf] 5 . Pgcf/Pgn] :yfkgfkl5 klxnf] k6s ljwfg ;ef;d]t cfof]hgf uof]{ . p;n] ;do kl/l:yltcg';f/ cfjZostfsf cfwf/df 

ljwfg ;+zf]wg k|:tfj kfl/t u/]sf] 5 . ;fy} Pgcf/Pgn] g]kfndf d]uf k|f]h]S6 klg ;~rfng ul//x]sf] 5 . o;} l;nl;nfdf Pgcf/PgPsf] 5}6f}+ Pl;of Kofl;lkms 

;Dd]ng oxL l8;]Da/ *–( df xªsªdf x'Fb}5 . ev{/} lkt[zf]s a]xf]g'{ ePsf e6\6 Pl;of Kofl;kms ;Dd]ngsf nflu xªsª cfpFb} x'g'x'G5 . o;} ;Gbe{df Pgcf/Pg 

cWoIf ejg e§;Fu Pgcf/PgPsf kl5Nnf ultljlwdf s]Gb|Lt /x]/ lnOPsf] ljz]if cGtjf{tf{sf] ;Dkflbt c+z M 

Pgcf/PgPsf d]uf 

k|f]h]S6x?sf] cj:yf s:tf] 5g\ < 

Pgcf/PgPsf] ejg lgdf{0f 

;DkGg ePsf] 5 . Pgcf/PgP 

lbj;s} lbg cyf{t !! cS6'a/df 

xfdL cfÏg} ;lrjfnodf ;/]sf 

5f}+ . o;cl3 Pgcf/PgPsf] k"/} 

ejg cfÏg} k|of]hgdf Nofpg] 

eg]sf lyof}+ t/ tLg /f]kgLdf 

ag]sf] ejgsf] ;Dk"0f{ efu 

xfdLnfO{ Tolt cfjZos klg 5}g 

/ nfutsf lx;fjn] klg a9L x'g] 

ePsfn] kl5 uP/ s]xL kl/jt{g 

u¥of}+ . ;a}eGbf dflyNnf] tnfdf 

Pgcf/PgPsf] ;lrjfno 5 . 

afFsL tnsf tnfnfO{ ef8fdf 

lbG5f}+ . h;n] ubf{ @ nfv 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLn] cfÏgf] 

dha'b ;lrjfno ePsf] dx;'; 

ug{'x'g]5 . k|wfgdGqL lgjf;sf] 

sfof{nosf] glhs} /x]sfn] of] 

cToGt} kfos kg]{ :yfgdf 5 . 

cfFvfsf] gfgLsf] ?kdf ;lrjfno 

/xg]5 . xfdL;Fu @ ;o hgf 

eGbf a9L c6\g] xn /x]sf] 5 . 

ejg leqsf] s]xL efunfO{ 

xfdLn] cfjZostf cg';f/ 

kl/dfh{g klg u/]sf 5f}F . 

ef8fdf lbg] tnfdf eg] lkmlgl;ª 

ul/Psf] 5}g . lsgsL Jofkfl/s 

k|of]hgsf sfo{nox?nfO{ 

ef8fdf lbg] of]hgf ePsfn] 

pgLx?sf] cfÏg} l8hfOg x'G5 . 

xfdLn] agfPsf] ;+/rgfdf vr{ 

dfq} x'g] / sfd klg gnfUg] 

x'g ;S5 t;y{ ejgdf xfdLn] 

cfÏgf] :yfg dfq agfPsf xf}+ . 

o:t} g]kfn ;/sf/;Fu u/]sf 

e"sDkkl5sf] a:tL k'glg{df{0f, 

afudtL ;kmfO cGtu{t cufl8 

a9]sf] z+vd'n kfs{ ;/sf/nfO{ 

x:tfGt/0f ul/;s]sf] oxfFx?nfO{ 

cjut} 5 . 

nfk|fs gd'gf a:tLsf] 

sfo{k|ult s] s:tf] eO/x]sf] 

5 < 

nfk|fs gd"gf a:tL 

Pgcf/PgPn] g]kfn ;/sf/;Fu 

klxnf] k6s lnPsf] of]hgf xf] . 

To;}n] klg ;a} u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL k'glg{df{0fdf h'6] . 

kmn:j?k Tof] a:tL lgdf{0f 

eO/x]sf] 5 . Tof] a:tLnfO{ 

o;kfln x:tfGt/0f ug]{ eg]sf 

lyof}+ . t/, k|fs[lts ljklQsf 

cufl8 s;}sf] s]xL nfUb}g 

/x]5 . slxn] jiff{sf sf/0f t 

slxn] klx/f] / lxdkftsf 

sf/0f ;fdfg 9'jfgL d} ;d:of 

v]Kg'kof]{ . ;fdu|L k'u]df 

Ps lbgdf rf/j6f;Dd 3/ 

agfpF5f}+ . ;]lG6d]G6nn] 5f]P/ 

xfdL nfk|fs k'Uof}+ t/ ;fdfu|L 

k'¥ofpg} d'lZsn /x]5 . vf; 

t ef}uf]lns ?kdf ljs6 

/x]sfn] klgsfd ug{ ;d:of 

eof] . Ps t Tof] 7fpF @* ;o 

ld6/ prfOdf 5 . csf{]tkm{ 

af6f]sf] b'/fj:yf p:t} . xfdL;Fu 

hgzlQm, cfjZos /sd geP/ 

sfd l9nf] ePs} xf]Og . t/ 

x]g{'; ;a};Fu ;lsG5, k|s[lt;Fu 

g;lsg] /x]5 . xfdLnfO{ g]kfnL 

;]gfsf ! ;o *) hgf hjfgn] 

;xof]u ul//xg'ePsf] 5 . 

cem hgzlQm k'¥ofpg pxfFx? 

k|ltj4 x'g'x'G5 . dnfO{ nfU5, 

casf] tLg dlxgfleq of] sfd 

;lsG5 . ^) k|ltzt sfd 

;lsPsf] 5 . km]l/ xfdLn] klxn] 

eg]sf] eGbf clnslt /fd|f] / 

alnof] ;fdfu|L k|of]u u/]/ Tolt 

g} nfutdf 3/ lgdf{0f ul//x]sf 

5f}F . 3/ t agfpg] t/ h:tfn], 

afF;n] af/]/ eGbf df]8{g ;fdfu|L 

k|of]u u/]/ 3/ agfpFbf lbg]nfO{ 

klg lbPh:tf] x'g] / lng]nfO{ 

klg lnPh:tf] x'g] Ps lsl;dsf] 

cg"e"lt x'G5 eGg] xfd|f] wf/0ff 

xf] . km]l/ ;/sf/n] xfdLnfO{ 

ljZjf; u/]/ lbPsf] dxTjk"0f{ 

sfd ePsf]n] klg ;/sf/n] 

xfdLaf6 cln km/s lsl;dsf] 

ck]Iff /fv]sf] 5 . ljb]zdf 

a;]/ l;s]sf ;Lk k|of]u u/]/ 

jf:tjd} j:tL gd"gf agfpF5g\ 

eGg] cfzf klg ;/sf/n] /fv]sf] 

5 . t;y{ xfdLn] klg ;f]xL 

cg';f/ cfw'lgs Pj+ cfsif{s 

3/ t/ plt g} nfutdf lgdf{0f 

ul//x]sf 5f}F . 

lj1 ;Dd]ng Pgcf/Pgsf] 

s:tf] cjwf/0ffaf6 ;DkGg 

ePsf] xf] < 

lj1 ;Dd]ng :df6{ 

Pgcf/Pg cjwf/0ff xf] . 

g]kfnLx? ljZjsf x/]s 

b]zdf k'u]sf 5g\ . Ogf]e];g / 

af}l4s sfo{df klg ;+nUg 5g\ . 

ljsl;t d'n'sx?n] u/]sf /fd|f 

k|fljlws Pj+ cGo lsl;dsf 

Ogf]e];gx?nfO{ g]kfn leq\ 

ofpg] cjwf/0ffnfO{ d}n] :df6{ 

Pgcf/Pg eg]sf] xf] . xfdLn] 

Ps Pgcf/Pg Ps kl/of]hgfsf] 

klg of]hgf cl3 ;f/]sf] o;}sf 

nflu klg xf] . k|To]s g]kfnLn] 

cfkm";Fu ePsf] 1fg, ;Lk, Ifdtf 

/ ljrf/x? g]kfndf k|of]u ug{ 

;lsof];\ eGg] xfd|f] rfxgf xf] . 

To;sf] cfjZostf lsg< s] sf 

nflu< eGg] ljifodf cWoog ug]{ 

/ pgLx?nfO{ d"nwf/df Nofpg] 

xfd|f] of]hgf cl3 al9/x]sf] 

5 . :df6{ eg]s} :df6{ j] ckm 

lyªlsª klg xf] . oxL cjwf/0ff 

cg'?k xfdLn] lj1 ;Dd]ng klg 

cfof]hgf u/]sf xf}F . vf;u/L ;g\ 

@))# b]lv g} xfd|f] k|fyldstf 

g} d'n'ssf] ;d[l4 /x]sf] 5 . ca 

d'n'ssf] ;d[l4sf nflu ljljw 

cfofdx? /x]sf 5g– cfly{s, 

;fdflhs ljsf;sf s'/f, ko{6g, 

xfO8«f]kfj/, lzIff, :jf:Yo 

nufotsf s'/f, oL ;a} kIfdf 

s;/L ;xof]u k'of{pg ;lsG5 

eg]/ clxn] sfd eO/x]sf] 5 . 

To;sf nflu nufgL s;/L leq\ 

ofpg] / ljb]zdf /x]sf ;Lk, 

bIftfnfO{ s;/L e/k"/ k|of]u 

ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] kIfdf hf]8 

lbO/x]sf 5f}F . 

;+;f/e/ 5l/P/ a;]sf 

cfd g]kfnLx?nfO{ Psa4 ub}{ 

Ps};fy ldn]/ d'n'sk|ltsf] yk 

lhDd]jf/L / ckgTj b'j} dx;'; 

u/L cl3 a9\g ;lsof];\ eGg]df 

g} xfd|f] hf]8 /x]sf] 5 . lxhf]sf 

lbgdf xfd|f] Wofg nufgL s;/L 

leq\ofpg ;lsG5 eGg]df lyof] 

eg] cfhsf lbg;Dd cfOk'Ubf 

nufgL dfq} xf]Og bIftf, ;Lk / 

jf}l4stfnfO{ leq\ofpg]tkm{ klg 

nlIft /x]sf 5f}F . cem egf}F, 

ca xfdL bf]>f] cWofodf 5f}F . 

of] ;do eg]sf] Pgcf/PgPn] 

s] ug]{ / s] lbg] eGg] s'/fx?df 

hf]8 lbg] xf] . t;y{ h;/L 

ljZjsf ljleGg :yfgdf k'u]/ 

klg cfÏgf] 1fg, ;Lk / bIftfn] 

lt d'n'ssf] ljsf;df g]kfnLn] 

of]ubfg k'of{O/x]sf 5g\ xf] 

ToxL 1fg, ;Lk / bIftfnnfO{ 

ca s;/L xfd|f] cfÏg} d'n'sdf 

k|of]u ug]{ / cfly{sb]lv k|fs[lts, 

k|fljlws Pj+ x/]s tL ljifo 

h;df xfd|} bfh'efO lbbLalxgL 

cAan 5g\ eg] plgx?nfO{ 

s;/L cj;/ k|bfg ug{ ;lsG5 

eGg] Unf]an g]kfnL cjwf/0ff 

xfdLn] cfTd;ft ul/;s]sf 

5f}+ . To;df xfd|f cu|hx?sf] 

e"ldsf klg ct'ngLo 5 . 

pxfFx?s} of]ubfgsf] sf/0f cfh 

ljZje/ of] cleofg ;j{:jLsfo{ 

ePsf] 5 . 

:jb]zsf] ljsf; lgdf{0f / 

;d[l4df ;dflxt x'g'k5{ eGg] d} 

clxn] xfd|f] l6d nffluk/]sf] 5 . 

km]l/ ;/sf/n] g} u}/ cfj;Lo 

g]kfnLsf 1fg, ;Lk / bIftfnfO{ 

g]kfnsf] ljsf; / ;d[l4sf nflu 

leq\ofpg] gLlt tyf of]hgf cl3 

;fl//x]sf] 5 . of] of]hgfdf xfdL 

zt k|ltzt ;sf/fTds 5f}F . 

;fFRr} eGg'kbf{ xfd|f] rfxfgf klg 

t oxL xf] ls xfdLn] ljb]zdf 

k|of]u ul//x]sf] 1fg, ;Lk 

cfÏg} d'n'sdf k|of]u ug{ kfpF . 

nufgLsf] cg's'n jftfj/0f kfP 

hf] sf]xL g]kfnL klg ljb]zdf 

sdfPsf] k"FhLsf] k|of]u ug{ 

tof/ 5 . olt dfq} xf]Og cfÏgf] 

1fg, ;Lk, bIftf / jf}l4stfnfO{ 

k|of]u u/]/ gofF clg ;d[4 

g]kfnsf] kl/sNkgf k"/f ug{ 

cToGt} nfnflot klg 5f}F . xfd|f] 

clxn]sf] k|d'v k|fyldstf klg 

log} ljifodf s]lGb|t /x]sf 5g\ . 

lj1 ;Dd]ngn] o;df dxTjk'0f{ 

sfd u/]sf] 5 . 

;+;f/e/ 5l/P/ a;]sf cfd g]kfnLx?nfO{ Psa4 

ub}{ Ps};fy ldn]/ d'n'sk|ltsf] yk lhDd]jf/L / ckgTj 

b'j} dx;'; u/L cl3 a9\g ;lsof];\ eGg]df g} xfd|f] hf]8 

/x]sf] 5 . lxhf]sf lbgdf xfd|f] Wofg nufgL s;/L leq\ 

ofpg ;lsG5 eGg]df lyof] eg] cfhsf lbg;Dd cfOk'Ubf 

nufgL dfq} xf]Og bIftf, ;Lk / jf}l4stfnfO{ leq\ofpg]tkm{ 

klg nlIft /x]sf 5f}F . 

Pgcf/Pgdf lsg ljwfg 

;+zf]wgsf] cfjZostf dx;'; 

eof] / ul/of] < 

kl/dfh{g / kl/jt{g xfdL 

;a}sf] nflu clt cfjZos s'/f 

x'g\ . km]l/ ljwfg eg]sf] csf6\o 

s'/f klg xf]Og, of] kl/jt{gzLn 

ljifo xf] / ;do;fk]If 

;+zf]wg o;sf] dxTjk"0f{ kIf 

xf] . xfdLn] @))# b]lv g]kfn 

/ g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfly{s 

ljsf; clg ;d[l4 eGb} cfPsf 

5f}F . To;sf] nflu ;+:yfnfO{ 

alnof] agfpg'kof{] o;df 

/x]sf ;b:ox?sf] Joj:yfkg 

ug{'k¥of] . Pgcf/PgP Pp6f 

l6d xf] To;}n] æ6'u]b/ lj SofgÆ 

nfO{ hf]8 lbO/x]sf 5f}+ . lsgsL 

of] ;+:yfdf d eGbf klg xfdL / 

xfd|f] sfdnfO{ cl3 a9fpg'k5{ 

eGg] g} lxhf] b]lvs} dfGotf klg 

xf] . 

:jb]zdf nufgLsf] 

jftfj/0fnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg 

s:tf] kxn eO/x]sf] 5 < 

clxn] xfd|f] ;Dk"0f{ Wofg 

g} :jb]zdf nufgLsf] jftfj/0f 

lgdf{0f ug]{df s]lGb|t 5 . klxn]sf] 

s'/f ubf{ ;/sf/nfO{ nufgL d}qL 

gLlt agfpgsf nflu g} bjfj 

lbg'kg]{ cj:yf lyof], t/ clxn] 

To:tf] cj:yf 5}g, ;/sf/n] 

klg nufgLsf] nflu af6f] v'Nnf 

ul/;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . cem 

nufgLsf] ;'/Iff nufotsf 

ljifodf ;/sf/;Fu nlaª 

ug]{b]lv ;xhLs/0fsf] sfd 

eO/x]sf] 5 . xfdL u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnLx?sf] ;+o'Qm nufgLaf6 

b]znfO{ ;s]sf] hlt of]ubfg 

lbg] kIfdf 5f}F . clxn] xªsªdf 

cfof]hgf x'g nfu]sf] Pl;of 

Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ngn] g]kfndf 

Pgcf/Pgsf] nufgL leq\ 

ofpg dxTjk'0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x 

ug]{5 . xªsª ljZjs} lahg]z 

xa ePsf] / oxL+ of] ;Dd]ng 

cfof]hgf x'Fbf o;n] ;sf/fTds 

;Gb]; lbg] ck]Iff u/]sf 5f}+ . 

;Dd]ngn] …;d[4 g]kfnsf nflu 

nfugL / /f]huf/, bfloTj;xlt 

u}/cfjf;lo g]kfnLnfO{ clwsf/Ú 

sf] gf/fnfO{ of] ;Dd]ngn] 

k'li6 ug]{5 . 

Pgcf/Pgn] p7fPsf w]/} 

Ph]08fdWo] gful/stfsf] s'/f 

;+ljwfgdf t pNn]v eof], P]g 

klg aGof] t/ klg s]xL c:ki6tf 

sfod} 5g\ lsg xf]nf < 

Pgcf/Pgx?sf] gful/stf 

;DalGw Joj:yf ;+ljwfgd} 

ul/;s]sf] cj:yfdf sfof{Gjog 

eg]sf] t Pp6f k|lqmof g xf] . 

To;}n] k|lqmofut ?kdf of] 

Joj:yf nfu" x'g]df d ljZj:t 

5' . ;/sf/n] NofPsf] ljB]osdf 

s]xL s'/f ;+zf]wg ug{ cfjZos 

b]v]kl5 xfdLn] ;+zf]wgsf nflu 

k'gM ;+zf]wgkq btf{ u/]sf 5f}F . 

;Dejt ;/sf/n] l5§} To;nfO{ 

;Daf]wg u5{ . 

Pgcf/PgPsf] cleofgdf 

cu|hsf] e"ldsfnfO{ s;/L 

lng'ePsf] 5 < 

of] cleofgsf] ;kmntf g} 

jf:tjdf pxfFx?s} b]g xf] . xfdL 

h'g r/0fdf cfOk'u]sf 5f}F To;df 

xfd|f cu|hsf] e"ldsf ct'ngLo 

5 . pxfFx?s} of]ubfgsf] sf/0f 

cfh ljZje/ of] cleofg ;a}sf] 

;j{:jLsfo{ ePsf] 5 . o;df 

xfd|f cu|h Pj+ cleefjssf] 

of]ubfg ;fob} zAbdf j0f{g ug{ 

;lsG5 . To;k|lt d gdg u5{' . 

;+:yfnfO{ ljZjJofkL agfpg, 

pk]Gb| dxtf]Ho"sf] of]ubfg 

lr/:d/0fLo 5 . of] cxf]efUo 

klg xf] sL pxfFsf] kyk|bz{gdf 

xfdL cl3 a9]sf 5f}F . b]jdfg 

lx/frg Ho"n] ;+:yfsf nflu 

u/]sf dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg jf:tjd} 

k|]/0ffbfoL 5g\ . s[lif If]qdf ;fgf] 

nufgLaf6} klg g]kfnsf] ?k km]g{ 

;lsG5 eGg] pxfFsf] cjwf/0ff 

cfh klg plQs} ;flGble{s 5 . 

hLjf nfld5fg]Ho"sf] kfnfdf t 

xfd|f] ;+:yfsf] ;+/rgfdf ;f; 

el/Psf] lyof] . ljlwjt ?kdf 

;+:yf btf{sf nflu pxfFsf] e"ldsf 

jf:tjd} cxd\ 5 . lgjt{dfg 

z]if 3n]Ho"s} sfo{sfndf 

dxTjk"0f{ / bL3{sflng sfdx? 

ePsf 5g\ . b]zdf cfOk/]sf 

7'nf ljkb\x?– e"sDk, gfsfaGbL 

h:tf cK7\of/f] kl/l:ytLdf u}/ 

cfjf;Lo g]kfnLnfO{ g]kfn / 

g]kfnLsf] ;'v b'vsf] ;xofqLsf] 

?kdf pEofpg ;kmn x'g'eof] . 

xfd|f] s]Gb|Lo sfo{nosf] ejg 

lgdf{0fsf nflu 3n]Ho"sf] cys 

ldx]gt / k|of; ;bf clj:d/0fLo 

/xg] 5 . cu|hx?sf] e"ldsf 

lxhf] klg k|efjsf/L lyof] / 

cfhklg plQs} ;fy ;dy{g, 

;Nnfx / ;+/If0f sfod 5 . 

cGTodf s]xL eGg 

rfxfg'x'G5 < 

d ;+;f/e/ /x]sf 

;fyLx¿nfO{ s] eG5' eg] lxhf]sf 

lbgdf d'n'sn] h'g cj:yfdf 

lyof], Tof] ;ls;s]sf] 5 . 

ca g]kfndf :yfloTj sfod 

eO;s]sf] 5 . ca ;a} 

;fyLx?n] cf–cfÏgf] 7fpFaf6 

b]zsf] ;d[l4sf nflu s] ug{ 

;lsG5 dgg\ u/f}F . d ;a}nfO{ 

nufgL ug{'k5{ elGbg, lsgeg] 

;a}n] nufgL ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] 

5}g . t/, g]kfndf PgcfPgPsf] 

7"nf] nufgL 5, xfdL;Fu lj1x¿ 

x'g'x'G5 . ;+:yf 5 . d'n'sdf 

cfpg] k|To]s /fd|f s'/fsf nflu 

;xsfo{ cfjZos k5{ . To;nfO{ 

ljZjf; ug{'xf];\ . ;sf/fTds 

;f]raf6 g} d'n'snfO{ cfly{s 

;d[l4sf] af6f]df ;xof]u ug{ 

;S5f}F . hfkfgdf Tolt 7"nf] 

ljgf;sf/L e"sDk hfFbf klg 

;d[4 ag]sf] 5 . To;}n] g]kfndf 

klg ca Oltxf;sf] Pp6f kfq 

aGg] kfpg] df}sf cfPsf] 5 . 

To;}n] tkfO{Fx? g5'6\g'xf]nf eGg] 

cg'/f]w ub{5' . k[YjLgf/fo0f 

zfxn] g]kfnnfO{ b'O{ 9'ËfaLrsf] 

t?n eg]sf lyP, t/ d eG5' 

g]kfn b'O{ 7"nf cy{tGqaLrsf] 

cj;/ xf] . oxfF ug{ ;Sg] s'/f 

w]/} 5g\ . xfdLn] ;fFu'/f] ;f]rfO 

/fVg' ePg . cfnf]rgfdf sd 

sfddf a9L Wofg lbg'kof]{, ldn]/ 

u/] ljsf; x'G5, d'n'ssf] ;d[l4n] 

xfd|} lz/ 7f8f] x'g] xf] . To;}n] 

cfk;L dte]b / ljrf/wf/fnfO{ 

;sf/fTds ;f]rn] k'g{' cfhsf] 

cfjZostf xf] . clxn] ;/sf/n] 

…;d[4 g]kfn, ;'vL g]kfnLÚ 

sf] gf/f cufl8 a9fPsf] 5 . 

t/, ;d[4sf agfpg s'g} Ps 

hgfn] cufl8 a9\b}df x'Fb}g . 

k|To]s g]kfnL, k|To]s u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnLn] cf–cfÏgf] If]qaf6 

;Sbf] ;xof]u ug{ nfUg'k5{ . 

of] P]ltxfl;s ofqf xf], xfdL 

hxfF 5f}F . h] ub}{} 5f}F, Tolxaf6} 

;/sf/sf] of] ;d[l4 cleofgdf 

nfUg'k5{ . d eg]/ xf]Og xfdL 

ag]/ cfpg';\ ldn]/ ;a} xft 

Ps} ;fy eGg] xfd|f] gf/f g} 5 

To;nfO{ ;fy{s t'Nofpm . 

ejg e§ 

cWoIf 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 -Pgcf/PgP_

@)&% d+l;/ @) ut], laxLaf/ 


Pgcf/PgP 


;DkfbsLo 

;Dd]ngsf] dxTj 

xªsªdf z'? x'g nfu]sf] u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 Pgcf/Pg 

Pl;of Koflzlkms ;Dd]ng of] If]qsf ;du| g]kfnLx?sf]nflu 

ljleGg b[li6sf]0fn] lgs} dxTjsf] 5 . s/La #) nfv g]kfnLsf] 

sd{e"lddf /x]sf] Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qdf Joj;foL g]kfnLb]lv 

ljwfyL{ x'Fb} >lds;Dd 7"nf] tKsf /x]sf] 5 . of] ;Dd]ngn] 

oL ;a} g]kfnLsf] lxtdf s]xL gofF ;Gb]z lbg] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 

5 . cfufdL l8;]Da/ * / ( tfl/v ul/ b'O{ lbg;Dd x'g] 

;Dd]ng …;Dd[4 g]kfnsf nflu nufgL / /f]huf/, bflxTj ;lxt 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLnfO{ clwsf/Ú eGg] gf/f;fy x'g nfu]sf] 

xf] . ;Dd]ngdf If]qLo:t/af6 ;xeflu Pgl;;L k|ltlglwx?n] ;f] 

If]qsf] ;d:ofsf ljifodf ulx/f] 5nkmn ug]{ ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 . 

;Dd]ngdf rLg, xªsª, hfkfg, dsfp, dn]lzof, DofGdf/, 

lkmlnlkG;, ;fpy sf]l/of, l;+ufk'/, yfONof08nufot ul/ @) 

eGbf a9L d'n'saf6 sl/ b'O{ ;ohgfsf] ;xeflutf /xg] ePsfn] 

of] If]qsf ljljw ;d:ofb]lv cj;/;Ddsf] a[xt k|:t'lts/0f x'g] 

cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 . 

;Dd]ngdf Pgcf/Pgsf ;+:yfkscWoIfb]lv k"j{cWoIf 

cfOl;;L kbflwsf/L;d]tsf] ;xeflutf /xg] ePsfn] o;sf] yk 

dxTj 5 . oxL ;Dd]ngdf k|yd k6s Pl;of Kofl;lkms dlxnf 

e]nf;d]t cfof]hgf x'g] ePsfn] ;Dd]ng cem dxTjsf] ag]sf] 

5 . Pgcf/PgP Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qn] of] ;Dd]ng Pl;of 

Kofl;lkmsdf /x]sf sl/a #) nfv g]kfnLx?nfO{ ;d]6\g] a[xQ 

;Dd]ng ePsf] / ;a} g]kfnLx?sf] cfkt ljkt, b'Mv ;'v / cGo 

ljleGg ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfgsf] d'n p2]Zo;lxt of] ;Dd]ngsf] 

cfof]hgf x'g nfu]sf] atfPsf] 5 . ;fy}, lzIff, Jofkf/, nufgL 

>d h:tf kIfx?df b]vf k/]sf ljleGg vfn] ;d:ofx?sf] 

;Daf]wgsf] lglDt klg of] ;Dd]ngsf] dxTj /xg] 5 . To:t} of] 

;Dd]ngdf ;d[l4sf] ax; ;d]t x'g] / cfkm\gf] b]znfO{ s;/L ;d[4 

agfpg] / cfkm\gf] b]z 5f8]/ k/b]lzPsf Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qsf 

cfd ljBfyL{, >lds, Jofkf/L, nufgLstf{nufotsf] ;xof]udf 

cfkm\gf] hGde"ldsfnflu s]–s:tf sfd ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] ljdz{ 

klg x'g] ePsfn] yk dxTj ;Dd]ngsf] 5 . cfof]hssf cg';f/ 

a}rfl/s ;d[l4, zf/Ll/s ;d[l4, cfly{s ;d[l4, ;f+:s[lts 

;d[l4 / ;fdflhs ;d[l4, /fhgLlts ;d[l4nufot ;Dk"0f{ 

kIfx?df ;d[4tf Nofpgsf]nflu Pgcf/Pgsf] e"ldsf af/] klg 

a[xQ ax; x'g], k/b]zdf l;s]sf] 1fg, ;Lk, IfdtfnfO{ s;/L 

:jb]zdf n}hfg ;lsG5 eg]/ a[xQ 5nkmn ;Dd]ngdf x'g]5 . 

;Dd]ngn] dlxnfx?sf] xs, clwsf/, n}+lus lx+;f, Gofo / 

dlxnfx?sf] ;fdflhs ;xeflutfsf] af/]df;d]t 5nkmn ug]{5 

eg] ;Dd]ng ljZj rlr{t Jofkfl/s zx/ xªsªdf x'g'n] g} yk 

dxTj af]s]sf] 5 . 

;Dd]ngdf g]kfnaf6 s[lif dGqL k|d'v cltly /xg] ePsf]n] 

s[lif If]q, s[lif ko{6g / Jofkf/Llarsf] cGt/;DaGwnfO{ s]nfP/ 

g]kfnsf] s[lif Jofkf/nfO{ prfO{ lbg cfjZos ljleGg k|ljlwx? 

/ nufgLx?sf] rrf{;d]tn] yk dxTj /fVg] 5 . g]kndf cfly{s 

;d[l4sf] gf/f rls{/x]sf] ;dodf b]zsf] ;d[l4sf k|d'v cfwf/x? 

s[lif, ko{6g / hnljB'taf/] 5nkmn x'g] / ;Dd]ngdf a[xQ 

k|j{4gfTds 5nkmn x'g] ePsfn] of] ;Dd]ngsf] ljleGg sf]0faf6 

b"/ufdL dxTj 5 eGg ;lsG5 . h;nfO{ ;Dd]ngn] k'li6 u/f]; 

/ ;Dd]ng pRr ?kdf ;kmn xf]; eGg] z'esfdgf ⁄ 

/flzkmn 

d]if 

j[if 

ldy'g 

ss{6 

l;+x 

sGof 

t'nf 

j[lZrs 

wg' 

ds/ 

s'De 

dLg 

Hof]= k+= s]bf/k|;fb e08f/L 

(*$!(##)$%÷(*!*#@%&#% 

sLlt{k'/, sf7df8f}+ 

:jf:Yodf ;d:of 

dfg k|lti7fdf a[l4 

af]lnsf] k|efj 

;fdfhLs sfo{df dg hfg] 

Joy{ laafb 

dgdf rGrntf 

cfly{s nfe 

lzIffdf k|utL 

af]lndf ld7f; 

3/fo;L ;fdu|L lsgd]n 

hfqf pT;jdf ;xefuL 

pbf/ efjsf] efjgf 

cg'/f]w 

xfd|f] k|of; tkfO{+nfO{ s:tf] nflu/x]sf] 5 < tkfO{sf u'gf;f], cfnf]rgf 

/ ;'emfjn] hg;jfnnfO{ :t/Lo aGg / ;xL af6f]df lxF8\g ;xof]u ug]{5 . 

To;}n] xfdL tkfO{+sf] /rgfTds cfnf]rgf / cd"No ;'emfjsf] ck]Iff 

u5f}{+, s[kof n]v]/ xfdLnfO{ k7fpg'xf];\ . n]Vg'xf];\, d'n'ssf ;d;fdlos 

36gfqmdk|ltsf] cfk\mgf] k|ltlqmof, n]v /rgf;Fu} cfk\mgf] :ki6 kl/ro / 

tl:a/ klg tnsf] 7]ugfdf k7fpg' xf]nf . 

E-mail : janasawalnews@gmail .com 

/]ld6]G;sf] ;b'kof]u a9fpg h?/L 

eljiodf b]zdf kms{bf vfnL xft cem 

bL3{/f]u af]s]/, sf]xL c+ue+u eP/ kms{b} 

ubf{ xfd|f] hLjgofkg s;/L rnfpg] eGg] 

sxfnLnfUbf] cj:yf b]lvPsf] 5 . t;y{ 

>ldssf ljleGg ;d:ofx¿ ;Daf]wg ug{'sf 

;fy} /]ld6\ofG;sf] ;xL ;b'kof]u ug{ ;/sf/ 

hfUg'k5{ . /, ljb]zdf >d u/]/ l;s]sf 1fg 

;Lk /fi6«sf] ljsf;df s;/L pkof]u ug{ 

;lsG5 eGg] dful{\rq ;/sf/n] sf]g{'k5{ . 

…g]kfnLsf nflu g]kfnLÚ eGg] d"n gf/f;lxt 

;g\ @))# df :yfkgf ePsf] u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL ;+3 Pgcf/Pgn] cfh cfºgf] ;~hfn 

&* eGbf a9L b]zdf km}nfpg ;kmn ePsf] 

5 . ljleGg ;d:of;Fu h'Wb} g]kfnLn] klg 

cj;/ kfP eg] w]/} /fd|f sfd ug{ ;S5g\ eGg] 

s'/fnfO{ cfTd;ft u/fpFb} dft[e"ld g]kfnaf6 

sf];f}F 6f9f ljb]zdf /x]sf g]kfnLsf ;d:ofdf 

;fy lbg tyf pgLx?;Fu ePsf ;DefjgfnfO{ 

phfu/ ug{ cfTdan a9fpg, xf]:6]df x}+;] 

ub}{ cfh xfd|f] of] dxfg cleofg oxfF;Dd 

cfOk'u]sf] 5 . 

vf; u/]/ dWok"j{df / xg'x'g] @) 

nfv eGbf w]/} g]kfnL bfh'efO lbbLalxgLx? 

d"ntM cfKmgf] sfdsf] lznlznfdf /xg'ePsf] 

5 . dWok"j{df efiff, sfg"g tyf ;"rgf 

cefj nufot ljljw sf/0fn] h]nhLjg 

latfO/xg'ePsf, sfd ug]{ qmddf c+ue+u 

ePsf/sf] ;d:of ljs/fn aGb} uPsf] 5 . 

:jf:Yo tyf ;'/Iffsf af/]df r]tgf cefjn] 

csfndf Hofg u'dfpg' k/]sf] csf]{ tLtf] oyfy{ 

klg ;Fu} 5 . of] k|j[lQnfO{ ;g\ @))# af6 

lgofNg] xf] eg] o:tf ;d:ofsf] j[l4 g]kfnaf6 

/f]huf/Lsf nflu cfpg] bfh'efO lbbLalxgLsf] 

;+Vof hlQs} j[l4 ePsf] 5 . Tof] klg ablnFbf] 

:j?kdf . @))# s} s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Lsf] qmddf s;}n] d[To' eOxfn] klg 

xft km}nfP/ Ps–Ps l/ofn ;+sng u/]/ zj 

g]kfn k7fpg'kg]{ cj:yf lyof] . 

of] ;d:ofn] cfhsf lbgdf klg ljs/fn 

?k g} lnPsf] 5, g ls sd ePsf] 5 . oxfF 

cfpg] g]kfnLn] tf]s]cg';f/ kfl/>flds gkfpg', 

ljleGg If]qdf sfd ub}{ hfFbf cem lgdf{0f If]qdf 

sfd ubf{ ;'/Iff tyf ljleGg ;'/IffTds ljlw 

k|of]u gubf{ c+ueË x'g], sfds} lznlznfdf 

Hofg};Dd u'dfpg'kg]{, :jf:Yo ;DaGwL 1fgsf] 

sdL, oxfFsf] df};dL jftfj/0fsf] hfgsf/L 

gx'g' tyf efiffsf] c1fgtfsf sf/0f, cGhfgdf 

uNtL ubf{ tyf slxn]sfxL uNtL gubf{ klg 

cgfxsdf h]nhLjg latfpg' kl//x]sf] 5 . 

blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] l;of]nl:yt g]kfnL 

b"tfjf;n] g]kfnL sfdbf/nfO{ nlIft u/L …tgfj 

Joj:ykg tyf :j]lR5s 3/lkmtL{Ú sfo{qmd ug]{ 

ePsf] 5 . dfgl;s tgfj tyf cfTdxTofsf] 

36gf Go"gLs/0fsf nflu lj1;Fusf] k/fdz{ 

sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ nfu]sf] b"tfjf;sf 

>d sfplG;n/ l8NnL/fd af:tf]nfn] hfgsf/L 

lbP . sfo{qmddf l;lgo/ sG;N6\ofG6 dgf]ljb\ 

8f s]bf/axfb'/ /fodfemLn] ljz]if k|:t'lt, 

k|lzIf0f tyf k/fdz{ k|bfg ug{'x'g]5 . ut xKtf 

g]kfnL sfdbf/sf] afx'No /x]sf] If]qdf sfo{qmd 

;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] 5gfg /fhwfgL 

l;of]naf6 b'O{ 3G6fsf] b"/Ldf 5 . dSsf] x'08fO{ 

sDkgLdf s/La @)) g]kfnL sfo{/t /x]sf] 

>d sfplG;n/ af:tf]nfn] hfgsf/L lbP . ;f] 

:yfgdf x'g] sfo{qmddf emG8} rf/ ;o g]kfnL 

;xefuL x'g] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . sfo{qmddf 

lj1;Fu k/fdz{, 5nkmn tyf ;'emfj lng], 

sfo{cjlw ;dfKtL;Fu} :j]lR5s ?kdf :jb]z 

lkmtf{sf nflu pTk|]l/t ug{ tyf :jb]z kms]{sf 

sfdbf/nfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] pknAw u/fpg] 

;]jf ;'ljwfsf af/]df hfgsf/L u/fOg] klg 

pgn] atfP . 

;f] qmddf sfdbf/sf] u'gf;f]nfO{ 

oyf;Dej sfo{:ynd} uO{ ;'g'jfO{ / ;Da4 

kIf;Fu ax; k}/jL ul/g] b"tfjf;n] hgfPsf] 

5 . cfkm"nfO{ kfos kg]{ :yfgdf x'g] ;f] 

sfo{qmddf ;xeflutfsf nflu b"tfjf;n] 

cg'/f]w u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmddf ;xefuLnfO{ … 

sdfp, ;Lk l;s / :jb]z kmsL{ pBdL agL 

/dfcf}FÚ ;Gb]z;lxtsf] k/fdz{ k|bfg ul/g] 

sfplG;n/ af:tf]nfn] hfgsf/L lbP . dfgl;s 

tgfj, sfdsf] rfk, vfglkg, xfjfkfgLnufot 

sf/0faf6 sf]l/ofdf d[To' x'g] g]kfnLsf] ;Î\of 

a9\b} uPsf] hfgsf/L lbFb} pgn] eg], …sf]l/ofdf 

sfd ug]{ g]kfnLdf l8k|];gsf] cj:yf eofjx 

5, s8f sfd, /f]huf/bftfsf] sfdk|ltsf] 

s8fO{, kl/jf/sf] rfxgfnufot sf/0faf6 

g]kfnLdf dfgl;s /f]u b]vf k/]sf] 5 . o;af6 

cfTdxTofsf] 36gfdf ;d]t j[l4 ePsf] 

x'g;S5 .Ú 

sf]l/ofdf ;dofjlw ;lsPkl5 cj}wflgs 

a;f]af; ubf{sf avt cfOkg]{ ;d:ofsf af/]df 

g]kfnLnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fOg] 5, pgn] eg], …;Lk 

l;sL g]kfn kms]{/ pBdzLntf ljsf; u/L 

:jb]zsf] ;d[l4df of]ubfg ug{ sfo{qmdn] 

k|]l/t ug]{5 .Ú cfsif{s uGtJosf ?kdf /x]sf] 

ljb]z cfpg' /x/ xf]Og, afWotf xf] . sG:6«zg 

;fO6 -lgdf{0f If]q_df OF6f prfNb} ubf{ ptf 

g]kfndf d]/f 5f]/f5f/Ln] lstfa sfkL prfNg 

kfpg\ eg]/, a'jf cfdfsf] pkrf/sf] nflu s]xL 

h'6fpg ;S5' ls eg]/, xfdLn] h:tf] b'Mv 

pgLx?nfO{ gxf];\ eg]/ ;f]rL/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . 

t/, oxfF sfd ub}{ hfFbf xfdLn] ef]Ug'k/]sf] 

;d:ofsf] rfª 7"n} alg;s]sf] 5 . 

/f]huf/Lsf lznlznfdf oxfF ef]Ug'k/]sf 

;d:ofsf] af/]df nfdf] ;dob]lv xfdLn] cfjfh 

p7fpFb} cfPsf 5f}+ . g]kfn ;/sf/n] klg ljleGg 

If]qdf / ljleGg ;dodf xfd|f ;d:ofx? ;'Gg] 

k|of; u/]sf] 5 . t/, ;/sf/n] oL ;d:of h'g 

ultdf ;'g'jfO{ ug{'kg]{ xf] Tof] ultdf x'g ;s]sf] 

5}g . xfdLn] oxfF sdfPsf] ;Dk"0f{ /sd g]kfnd} 

k7fpg] u/]sf 5f}+ . cfhsf] lbgdf s'n u|fxy{ 

pTkfbgsf] @^ k|ltzt ljk|]if0fn] ;d]6]sf] 5 . 

t/, Tof] ljk|]if0fsf] clwsf+z lx:;f cg'Tkfbs 

If]qdf vr{ eO/x]sf] 5 . ljz]ifu/L #)–#% 

jif{sf o'jfx¿ h;n] >d a]lr/xg'ePsf] 5, 

ca !)–!% jif{kl5 pgLx?sf] eljio jf:tjd} 

cGof]nk"0f{ x'g] kSsf 5, lsgsL cfhsf 

lbgdf pgLx?n] k7fPsf] /]ld6\ofG;sf] ^) 

k|ltzteGbf a9L sd cg'Tkfbs If]qdf vr{ 

eO/x]sf] 5 . ljb]zaf6 k7fPsf] /]ld6\ofG;nfO{ 

pTkfbgzLn nufgLdf ?kfGt/0f u/fpg s'g} 

7f];sbd g]kfn ;/sf/n] rfNg ;s]sf] 5}g . 

ljb]zaf6 k7fPsf] /]ld6\ofG;nfO{ 

pTkfbgzLn If]qdf nufgL ug]{ / u/fpg] 

jftfj/0f aGg ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . eljiodf 

b]zdf kms{bf vfnL xft cem bL3{/f]u 

af]s]/, sf]xL c+ue+u eP/ kms{b} ubf{ xfd|f] 

sf]l/ofdf kl5Nnf] ;do ljleGg sf/0faf6 d[To' 

x'g] g]kfnLsf] ;Î\of a9\b} uPsf] 5 . ;g\ @))& 

b]lv xfn;Dd ljleGg sf/0faf6 !^) g]kfnLsf] 

d[To' eO;s]sf] 5 . cfTdxTof, cf}Bf]lus tyf 

;8s b'3{6gf / ;'t]s} cj:yfdf g]kfnLn] Hofg 

u'dfpFb} cfPsf klg 5g\ . /f]huf/L cg'dlt 

k|0ffnL OlkP;dfkm{t xfn;Dd s/La %* 

xhf/ g]kfnL sfdsf] vf]hLdf sf]l/of k'u]sf 

5g\ . clxn] s/La $) xhf/ g]kfnL ljleGg 

sfdsf l;nl;nfdf sf]l/ofdf /x]sf] b"tfjf;n] 

hgfPsf] 5 . 

tLdWo] #^ xhf/n] sf]l/of efiff k/LIff 

kf; u/L sfd ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ eg] rf/ xhf/ 

g]kfnL ljleGg k];f Jojf;fo u/L sf]l/ofdf 

a;f]af; ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . tgfj sd s;/L 

ug]{ < o:tf] 5 ;/n ljlw elgG5, hGdg;fy 

/fh]Gb|s'df/ zdf{ -cf/s]_ 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] o'jfsf nflu efiff, ;Lkd'ns 

tflnd tyf kms]{/ cfPsf o'jfsf nflu k|f]T;fxg ljb]zLl:yt 

g]kfnL lgof]u dfkm{t ljb]zdf k'g;\ >d Pj+ cg'udgsf] 

Joj:yf, >d :jLs[lt sfo{Gjog, >d ;Lk cfzf 5, 

of] k|of; d'n'sdf k"FhL ;Fu;Fu} a}+ssf] :yfkgf, cgnfOg 

k|0ffnLdfkm{t 1fg, ;Lk / k|ljlw leqof{pg sf];]9'+uf 

;d:of Psåf/ k|0ffnLaf6 ;'Gg'kg]{, lk|m l6s6 ;fljt x'g]5 . 

leiffsf] sfof{Gojg nufotdf klg ;Daf]wg / cfjZos 

kxn ug{' ;/sf/sf] bfloTj xf] . 

hLjgofkg s;/L rnfpg] eGg] sxfnLnfUbf] 

cj:yf b]lvPsf] 5 . t;y{ >ldssf ljleGg 

;d:ofx¿ ;Daf]wg ug{'sf ;fy} /]ld6\ofG;sf] 

;xL ;b'kof]u ug{ ;/sf/ hfUg'k5{ . /, ljb]zdf 

>d u/]/ l;s]sf 1fg ;Lk /fi6«sf] ljsf;df 

s;/L pkof]u ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] dful{\rq 

;/sf/n] sf]g{'k5{ . kl5Nnf] ;do g]kfnsf 

;a} /fhgLlts bn Pj+ ;/sf/n] cfly{s 

Ph]G8f nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fv]/ cl3 a9\g] 

P]Soa4tf hgfpFb} ;d[4 d'n'ssf] kl/sNkgf 

ul/xFbf ljb]zdf a;]sf g]kfnLx? klg cfºgf] 

cfly{s / af}l2s sdfO{nfO{ g]kfndf nufgL ug{ 

k|f]T;flxt ag]sf 5g\ . ljb]zdf l;s]sf] ;Lk, 

k|ljlw tyf k|0ffnL a'em]sf g]kfnL Joj;foL 

Pj+ bfh'efO{ lbbLalxgLx? cfºgf] b]zdf cfP/ 

l;s]sf] s'/f nufgL ug{ cft'/ 5g\ . 

g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts Ph]G8fdf vf;} 

jf:tf gug]{x? klg cfly{s ljsf; / b]z 

;d[l4sf] ljifodf eg] rf;f] /fVg yfn]sf 

5g\ . b]z ;+3Lotfdf uPsf] / /fhgLlts 

l:y/tf klg ePsf] x'Fbf ca nufgLsf] 

jftfj/0f aGg ;Sg] / cfkm"n] l;s]sf] 

;Lk d'n'sd} k|of]u ug{ kfOG5 ls eg]/ 

;/sf/sf] 7f]; /0fgLltsf] kvfO{df pgLx? 

5g\ . ljb]zsf 7"nf 7"nf uugr'DaL dxn 

b]lv ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/ agfpg g]kfnL 

OlGhlgo/b]lv cGo>flds sfdbf/sf] k|of]u 

eO/x]sf] 5 t/ g]kfndf ;fgf k'n k'n];f 

agfpgb]lv ;'?ª Pj+ ;8s agfpg ;d]t 

ljb]zL sfdbf/nfO{ k|of]u ug{'sf] ljsNk 

5}g . ljb]zsf 7"nf kmfOe :6f/ xf]6]ndf 

sfd ul//x]sf g]kfnLn] ToxL ;Lk :jb]zdf 

xfdLnfO{ tgfjn] 3]/f xfN5 . 

cyf{t of] ;+;f/df sf]lx 5}g, 

tgfj/lxt . tgfj ;a}nfO{ x'G5 . 

aRrf, lszf]/, o'jf, jo:s, a[4f 

;a}nfO{ . wgL, ul/a . b'u{dsf, 

;'udsf . lzlIft, clzlIft . 

tgfj eg]sf] dfgl;s bafj 

xf] . xfd|f] sfd, sl/o/, eljio 

;a}n] o; lsl;dsf] bafj k}bf 

u5{ . ha;Dd xfd|f] r]tgf /xG5, 

ta;Dd tgfj x'G5 . t/, tgfj 

x'Fb}df To;n] cfkm'nfO{ gi6 

u5{ t < tgfjn] To;a]nf dfq 

xfdLnfO{ lk/f]N5, ha o;sf] 

;lx Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lsb}g . 

tgfj Joj:yfkg ug]{ s'/f xf] . 

of] lgd{'n x'g] s'/f xf]Og . cyf{t 

xfd|f] hLjgdf tgfj g} cfpg 

glbg] eGg] x'Fb}g . tgfj cfpF5, t/ To;nfO{ 

;lx 9+un] Joj:yfkg ug{'k5{ . kl/jf/, 

cfkmGt, ;fyLefO{, ;dfh cflbsf] sf/0f tgfj 

x'g;S5 . cfºg} JolQmut sf/0fn] tgfj x'G5 . 

kl/l:ytLsf] sf/0f tgfj x'G5 . c;kmntfdf 

tgfj x'G5, ;kmntfdf klg . t/, tgfjnfO{ 

lng] xf]Og, Joj:yfkg ug]{ xf] . s;/L < 

tgfj Joj:yfkgsf] ;"q tgfj Joj:yfkgsf 

nflu s'g} cf}ifwL ;]jg ug{'kb}{g . zNolqmof 

klg u/fpg' kb}{g . of] dfgl;s ?kn] ug{ 

;lsG5 . 

tgfj Joj:yfkgsf] nflu of] s'/f ;f]Rg' 

h?/L 5 ls, ;+;f/df /x]sf ;a} r]tglzn 

k|f0fLnfO{ tgfj x'G5 . csf]{ s'/f, tgfj cfkm}df 

;dwfg xf]Og . To;}n] s'g} klg s'/fdf tgfj 

k|of]u ug{ ;S5g\ Oh/fon h:tf] d?e"lddf 

nxnx wfg kmnfpg], x/fe/f agfpg] ;Lk 

cfºg} e"lddf k|of]u ug{ ;S5g\ . To;sf 

nflu d'n'sdf ;'/lIft nufgLsf] jftfj/0f 

aGg' h?/L 5 . rfx] Tof] nufgL ;Lk;Fu 

;DalGwt xf];\ rfx] k"FhL;Fu . g]kfndf leq{g] 

s'n /]ld6\ofG;sf] %% k|ltzt dWok"j{af6 

cfpF5 . t/ Tof] If]qdf sfo{/t u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnLx? ljleGg cK7\of/f]df kbf{ ;xh 

;xof]u kfpg] jftfj/0f alg/x]sf] 5}g . 

clwsf+z /]ld6ofG; cg'Tkfbs If]qd} vr{ 

eO/x]sf] 5 . 

To;f] t ;Lk / k|ljlws} s'/f ubf{ klg 

t g]kfnLx?n] ljb]zdf nfdf] ;do a;]/ 

l;s]sf] ;Lk :jb]zdf k|of]u ug]{ plrt 

jftfj/0f aGg ;s]sf] 5}g . casf lbgdf 

To:tf] l:ylt gcfcf];\ eg]/ klg ;/sf/;Fu 

ldn]/ o;k6ssf] lj1 ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf 

ul/Psf] xf] . dWok"j{df 3/]n' sfdbf/;Fu} 

>ldssf ;d:of, gofF >d Joj:yf / @ 

jif{;Ddsf nflu l6s6sf] aLdf, b"tfjf;df 

:yfgLo sfg"gL k/fdz{ k/fdz{stf{ /fVg'k5{ . 

slDtdf klg ! b]lv @ hgf sfg"gL lj1 /fVg 

;s] g]kfnL bfh'efO lbbLalxgLn] cfºgf 

;d:of /fVg kfpFy] . /, sfplG;lnªsf] nflu 

b"tfjf;d} Joj:yf ug{' cfhsf] cfjZstf / 

dfu klg xf] . >ldssf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf 

nflu hgr]tgf km}nfpg' cfjZos 5, 

rfx] Tof] /f]huf/Ldf cfpg' k"j{ xf];, rfx] 

cfO;s]kl5 . t;y{ oL ;d:of ;dfwfgsf 

nflu ;/sf/ / Pgcf/Pg ldn]/ cl3 a9\g 

;lsg] k|z:t ;Defjgf 5 . To;f] ug{ ;s] 

oxfF cfP/ kfpg] b':vnfO{ lgSof]{n ug{ 

;lsGYof] . csfndf Hofg u'dfpg] / bM:v 

kfpg]sf] ;d:ofdf klg Go"gLs/0f x'Yof] . 

;fy} j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] o'jfsf 

nflu efiff, ;Lkd'ns tflnd tyf kms]{/ 

cfPsf o'jfsf nflu k|f]T;fxg ljb]zLl:yt 

g]kfnL lgof]u dfkm{t ljb]zdf k'g;\ >d Pj+ 

cg'udgsf] Joj:yf, >d :jLs[lt sfo{Gjog, 

>d ;Lk cfzf 5, of] k|of; d'n'sdf 

k"FhL ;Fu;Fu} a}+ssf] :yfkgf, cgnfOg 

k|0ffnLdfkm{t 1fg, ;Lk / k|ljlw leqof{pg 

sf];]9'Ëf ;d:of Psåf/ k|0ffnLaf6 ;'Gg'kg]{, 

lk|m l6s6 ;fljt x'g]5 . leiffsf] sfof{Gojg 

nufotdf klg ;Daf]wg / cfjZos kxn 

ug{' ;/sf/sf] bfloTj xf] . 

-n]vs zdf{ Pgcf/PgP dWok"j{ 

;++of]hs x'g\_ 

g]kfnLnfO{ sf]l/ofdf tgfj Joj:yfkg M ljz]if sfo{qmd ub}{ g]kfnL b"tfjf; 

PsfGtdf a;f}+ tgfju|x:t x'Fbf xNnfvNnfaf6 6f9f PsfGtdf ;do latfpg' 

klg k|efjsf/L x'G5 . of] cfkm}+;Fu ;+jfb ug]{ ;do xf] h;df ;a} ;d:ofx?nfO{ 

e'n]/ cfkm}+;Fu ldqjt Jojxf/ ul/G5 . cfkm};Fu jfrf u/f} ls, tL s'/fx?sf] 

af/]df laNs'n ;f]Rg]5}g, h'g tgfjsf] sf/0f ag]sf 5g\ . alNs tL s'/fx?sf] 

af/]df ;f]lrG5, h;n] cf]7df d':sfg NofpF5 . cfÇgf] ?rLsf] sfd cfÇgf] dgkg]{ 

sfd / zf}vn] JolQmnfO{ tgfjaf6 d'Qm /fVg ;xof]u u5{ . rfx] au}+rfdf 

6xlng] xf];, k]lG6ª xf];, uf8]l{\gª xf]; jf Do'lhs . x]8kmf]g nufP/ Do"lhs 

;'Gb} tgfj eufpg rfxg] eg] lagf zAbsf] OG:6«d]G6n 6«ofs ;'gf} . lnl/S;afnf 

lut ;se/ g;'gf} lsgsL To;n] dgnfO{ efj's agfpF5 . 

lnO/xg'sf] s'g} cy{ 5}g . ha kl/l:ytLa; 

tgfj k}bf x'G5, To;nfO{ la;{g] oTg u'g{k5{ . 

o;sf nflu dgkg]{ u]d v]Ng ;lsG5, dgkg]{ 

k':ts k9\g ;lsG5, 3'dlkm/ ug{ ;lsG5, ld7f] 

dl;gf] vfg]s'/f vfg ;lsG5 . ofjt lqmof 

o;sf/0f ug{ k5{ ls, dg cGt}lt/ df]l8of];\ . 

lsgeg] tgfj eg]sf] dgn] lng] s'/f xf] . 

dgnfO{ g} cGt df]8]kl5 s;/L tgfj x'G5 < 

To;afx]s s]lx zf/Ll/s lqmof 5, h;n] tgfj 

Joj:yfkgdf ;3fpF5 . nfdf] Zjf; lng] x/]s 

JolQmsf] cnu-cnu :6«]; KjfOG6 x'G5 . cyf{t\ 

tgfjsf] cj:yfdf /x]sf JolQm z/L/sf ljleGg 

lx:;fdf b'vfO{sf] cg'ej u5{g\ . ljz]iftM 

6fpsf], k]6, 5ftL jf v'§fdf . o:tf] ePdf 

nfdf] ;f; lng'k5{ / sNkgf u/f} ls ;f] 

c+uaf6 jfo";Fu} tgfj klg z/L/ 5f]8]/ aflx/ 

hfFb}5 . o; sNkgfsf ;fy} Zjf; gnLaf6 

ulx/f] Zjf; 5f8\g'k5{ . pbfx/0fsf nflu olb 

:6«];n] ubf{ 6fpsf]df b'vfO{ 5 eg] ulx/f] ;f; 

lng'; / sNkgf ug{'; ls tkfO{+sf] 6fpsf]df 

clS;hg k'lu/x]sf] 5 . s]xL ;]s]G8 /f]lsPkl5 

sNkgf u/f} ls 6fpsf]af6 jfo'sf ;fy tgfj 

klg aflx/ lgl:sb} 5 . w]/}k6s o:tf] ubf{ 

tgfj :jtM sd x'G5 . 

PsfGtdf a;f}+ tgfju|x:t x'Fbf 

xNnfvNnfaf6 6f9f PsfGtdf ;do latfpg' 

klg k|efjsf/L x'G5 . of] cfkm}+;Fu ;+jfb 

ug]{ ;do xf] h;df ;a} ;d:ofx?nfO{ e'n]/ 

cfkm}+;Fu ldqjt Jojxf/ ul/G5 . cfkm};Fu 

jfrf u/f} ls, tL s'/fx?sf] af/]df laNs'n 

;f]Rg]5}g, h'g tgfjsf] sf/0f ag]sf 5g\ . alNs 

tL s'/fx?sf] af/]df ;f]lrG5, h;n] cf]7df 

d':sfg NofpF5 . cfºgf] ?rLsf] sfd cfºgf] 

dgkg]{ sfd / zf}vn] JolQmnfO{ tgfjaf6 d'Qm 

/fVg ;xof]u u5{ . rfx] au}+rfdf 6xlng] xf];, 

k]lG6ª xf];, uf8]l{\gª xf]; jf Do'lhs . x]8kmf]g 

nufP/ Do"lhs ;'Gb} tgfj eufpg rfxg] 

eg] lagf zAbsf] OG:6«d]G6n 6«ofs ;'gf} . 

lnl/S;afnf lut ;se/ g;'gf} lsgsL To;n] 

dgnfO{ efj's agfpF5 . 3/df s'g} hgfj/ 

5 eg] p;Fu ;do latfP/ dg xNsf ug{ 

;lsG5 . ljz]if l6K; cS;/ dflg;x? tgfjsf 

nflu kl/l:yltnfO{ bf]if lbG5g\ . t/ ;To s] 

xf] eg] kl/l:yltnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lng ;Dej 

5}g . To;}n] x/]s kl/l:yltdf dgnfO{ l:y/ / 

k|;Gg /fVg] sf]lzz ug{'k5{ . tgfjsf] ;fdgf 

ug{ dlxnfx? k'?ifeGbf cufl8 x'G5g\ .

] 

Pgcf/PgP 


@)&% d+l;/ @) ut], laxLaf/ 


xªsª g]kfnL Jofkf/ ;+34f/f /fli6«o 

cfljisf/ s]Gb|nfO{ %% nfv ;xof]u 

sf7df8f}F -h;_– xªsª g]kfnL Jofkf/ ;+34f/f /fli6«o cfljZosf/ s]Gb|nfO{ %% nfv ?k}ofF ;xof]u 

gf/fo0f uf]kfnsf] 

:d[lt lbj; dgfOof] 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–:j/;d|f6 

gf/fo0fuf]kfnsf] ;Demgfdf 

a'waf/ oxfF @*cf}F :d[lt lbj; 

dgfOPsf] 5 . gf/fo0f uf]kfn 

;ª\uLt sf]ifsf] cfof]hgfdf ;f] 

lbj;df :d[lt;ef u/]sf] 5 . 

a'waf/s} lbgdf lj;+ @)$& df 

pgn] o; wtL{af6 labf lnP/ 

hfg'ePsf] lyof] . :j/;d|f6 

gf/fo0f uf]kfnsf] 3/sf] 

k|fª\u0fdf ePsf] ;efdf k'/fgf 

ufosnufot gofF k':tfsf o'jfsf] 

afSnf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] 

lyof] . /rgfsf/ tyf snfsf/ 

gL/ zfxn] gf/fo0f uf]kfn 

;fª\uLlts?kdf lgs} ;ª\3if{zLn 

/xg'ePsf] rrf{ u/] . zfxn] 

g]kfn ghflgFbf] ?kdf v]ns"b 

/ ;ª\uLtdf cufl8 al9/x]sf] 

atfpFb} v]ns"bdf cg'zf;g 

/ ;ª\uLtdf uxg cWoog 

cfjZos /x]sf] cf}FNofP . 

k|b]z g+ ! nfO{ …cfO s]o/ 

6'l/hdÚ s]Gb|df ljsfz ul/g] 

lj/f6gu/-h;_– 

k|b]z g+ ! sf d'VodGqL 

z]/wg /fO{n] k|b]znfO{ cfO{ s]o/ 

6'l/hdsf] s]Gb|sf ?kdf ljsf; 

ug'{kg]{ atfPsf 5g\ . g]kfn 

g]q Hof]lt ;ª\3n] z'? u/]sf] 

:s"nsf afnaflnsfdf b]lvg] 

b[li6 bf]if lgjf/0f sfo{qmdsf] 

pb\3f6g ub{} pgn] cfFvf 

k/LIf0fsf] If]qdf k|b]zsf] c:yfoL 

/fhwfgL lj/f6gu/ cfufl8 /x]sf] 

atfP . d'VodGqL /fO{n] ] cGo /f]usf] 

pkrf/sf nflu g]kfnL hgtf 

ef/tnufot cGo b]zdf hfg'kg{ 

afWotf /x] klg cfFvf k/LIf0fsf 

nflu jif{ ]gL ef/taf6 nfvf} Fsf] 

;ª\Vofdf la/fdL lj/f6gu/ cfpg] 

u/]sfn] klg o; If]qnfO{ cfO{ s]o/ 

6'l/hdsf] s]Gb|sf ?kdf ljsf; 

ug' {kg] {df hf]8 lbP . df]/ª / 

;'g;/Lsf :s"nsf afnaflnsfsf] 

lgMz'Ns cfFvf hfFr sfo{qmd 

a'waf/b]lv z'? ul/Psf] xf] . 


pk/fi6«klt gGbaxfb'/ k'g;Fu 

g]kfnsf nflu rLgsf /fhb"t o' 

xf]ªn] lzi6frf/ labfO e]6 u/]sL 

5g\ . pk/fi6«kltsf] sfof{no 

axfb'/ ejgdf a'waf/ ePsf] ;f] 

e]6df pgx?aLr låkIfLo lxtsf 

ljljw ljifodf s'/fsfgL ePsf] 

5 . ;f] cj;/df pk/fi6«klt 

k'gn] g]kfnsf] ljsf; / ;d[l4sf] 

ofqfdf rLgsf] ;b}j ;fy / 

;xof]u /xg] ljZjf; JoQm u/] . 

pgn] a]N6 P08 /f]8 Olgl;ol6e 

-lacf/cfO_ kl/of]hgfdf x:tfIf/ 

sf7df8f}F -h;_– ;+;bLo ;'g'jfO{ 

ljz]if ;ldltsf] a'waf/ a;]sf] a}7sn] 

k|:tfljt /fhb"tx?sf] ;'g'jfO{ d+l;/ @# 

ut] ug]{ atfPsf] 5 . ;ldlt ;'g'jfO{ ug{ 

k|:tfljt $ b]zsf /fhb'tnfO{ af]nfPsf] 

5 . o;cl3 ;ldltn] d+l;/ @! ut] 

ph'/Lstf{x?nfO{ af]nfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] 

ef/tsf nflu /fhb"tdf lgnfDa/ cfrfo{, 

dn]l;ofsf nflu pbo/fk kf08], o"PO{ s[i0f 

9sfn / Oh/fonsf nflu cGhfg zfSonfO{ 

l;kmfl/; u/]sf] 5 . ;+3Lo ;+;b ;+;bLo 

;'g'jfO{ ;ldltn] ph'/L cfJxfg u/]sf]df Ps 

dfq ph'/L k/]sf] 5 . 

ph'/L ;lt;/fh d}gfnLn] u/]sf 

x'g\ . t/, d}gfnLsf] ph'/L s'g} AolQm pk/ 

cfIf]kdf s]lG›t geO /fhb"t lgol'\Qmsf] 

;du| ljifodf s]lG›t /x]sf] ;ldlt ;efklt 

nId0fnfn s0f{n] hfgsf/L lbP . …/fhb"t 

lgo'lQmsf nflu Pp6f ;'emfjdf ?kdf Ps 

sf7df8f}F -h;_– 

g]kfnsf] Psdfq /fli6«o 

pk/fi6«klt k'g;Fu lrlgofF 

/fhb"t xf]ªsf] labfO e]6 

dfq ph'/L k|fKt ePsf] 5 . To;df ljutsf] 

/ jt{dfgsf] cj:yf s]nfOPsf] 5,Ú s0f{n] 

eg], …pQm ;'emfjsf ;Gbe{df ;d]t 5nkmn 

ug{sf nflu oxL @! ut] ph'/Lstf{nfO{ 

af]nfpg] lg0f{o ePsf] 5 .Ú ph'/Lstf{ 

Wjhfafxs ljdfg g]kfn 

Po/nfOG;\nfO{ sDkgLsf] 

df]8]ndf ;~rfng ul/g] 

ePsf] 5 . ;+:s[lt ko{6g 

tyf gful/s p•ogdGqL 

/jLG› clwsf/Ln] k|ltlglw 

;efsf] ;fj{hlgs n]vf 

;ldltsf] a}7sdf a'waf/ 

af]Nb} g]kfn jfo';]jf 

lgudnfO{ sDkgL df]8ndf 

;~rfng ug]{ atfPsf 

x'g\ . pgn] o;sf] nflu 

cfjZos ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmof 

cl3 a9fPsf] klg hfgsf/L 

lbPsf 5g\ . pgn] ;+:yfnfO{ 

sDkgLdf ¿kfGt/0f 

ug{'cl3 ;DklQ d"Nof+sg 

ug{'kg]{ k|fjwfg cg';f/ sfd 

eO;s]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . 

pgn] o;af/]df dGqfnon] 

lg0f{o ul/;s]sf] klg 

hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . 

pgn] ca 

sDkgLdf /0fgLlts 

u/]sf] 5 . sf7df8f}Fdf Ps sfo{qmd 

cfof]hgf ub}{ ;+3n] ;f] /sd s]Gb|nfO{ 

xGtfGt/0f u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmddf 

;+3sf cWoIf t]hk|sfz k'g / 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3sf ;+:yfks 

cWoIf 8f= pk]Gb| dxtf]n] ;f] /sd 

s]Gb|sf cWoIf dxfjL/ k'gnfO{ 

;+o'Qm?kdf r]s x:tfGt/0f u/]sf 

x'g\ . k'gn] ;+3sf] ;xof]un] s]Gb|sf] 

nIo k|fKt ug{ ;xh x'g] 

atfPsf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf s]Gb|n] 

:yfkgfb]lv xfn;Dd ePsf k|of;sf 

af/]df hfgsf/L u/fPsf] lyof] . pgn] 

;+3afx]s cGo ;+3 ;+:yfn] s]Gb|nfO{ 

;xof]u u/]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf lyP . 

s]Gb|n] lbuf] ljsf;sf nflu # jif{leq 

!) d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] hnljB't 

cfof]hgf lgdf{0f u/L ljlqmaf6 k|fKt 

cfDbfgLnfO{ s]Gb|sf] cg';Gwfgdf 

k|of]u ug]{ k'gn] atfP . 

k|:tfljt $ b]zsf /fhb'tsf] 

;'g'jfO{ dl;+/ @# ut] x'g] 

d}gfnLn] /fhb"tx?sf] pd]/ Uofk w]/} ePsf] 

/ Tof] x'g gx'g], bnLo efuj08fsf] k|j[lt 

cGTo x'g'kg]{, k//fi6«sf] r]g ckm sdf08df 

/xg'kg]{, kbfjlw lglZrt x'g'kg]{ nufotsf 

ljifodf ;'emfj lbPsf hgfOPsf] 5 . 

g]kfn Po/nfOG;nfO{ sDkgL 

agfP/ ;~rfng ul/g] 

tyf g]kfn / rLgaLr Jofkf/ tyf 

kf/jfxg;DaGwL k|f]6f]sndf ePsf] 

;dembf/Ln] g]kfnsf] ljsf; / 

;d[l4sf] ofqfdf of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] 

ljZjf; JoQm u/]sf] pk/fi6«kltsf 

k| ]; ;+of]hs dgf]h 3tL{n] hfgsf/L 

lbP .rLgsf /fhb"t xf]ªn] ljsf; 

/ ;d[l4sf] ofqfdf g]kfn cufl8 

a9]sf] b]Vbf rLg cToGt v'zL 

ePsf] atfpFb} pgn] g]kfnsf] 

ljsf; / ;d[l4sf] ofqfdf rLg 

;b}j ;xof]uL aGg rfx]sf] / o;df 

cfjZos ;a} k|sf/sf] ;xof]u ug{ 

tof/ /x]sf] atfOg . 

OlkPnsf nflu n08gaf6 …lro;{ ln8;{Ú 

sf7df8f} F-h;_–oxL dª\l;/ @@ ut]b]lv z'? x'g] Pe/]:6 lk|ldo/ 

lnu -OlkPn_ 6L–@) lqms]6 k|ltof]lutfsf nflu n08gaf6 …lro/ 

ln8;{Ú NofOPsf] 5 . OlkPn cfof]hsn] a'waf/ Ps sfo{qmd u/]/ 

k|ltof]lutfdf ;xefuL x'g] 5hgf lro;{ ln8;{nfO{ ;fj{hlgs u/sf] 

xf] . v]nsf bf}/fg lro;{ ln8;{n] v]nf8L / cfd bz{snfO{ dgf]/~hg 

lbg]5g\ . cfof]hssf cg';f/ 5 hgf lro;{ ln8;{nfO{ b'O{ 6f]nLdf 

ljefhg ul/g]5 . 

sftf]aLr -kf]Nof08_-h;_– 

g]kfn / kf]Nof08aLr 

/fi6«fWoIf:t/df låkIfLo jftf{ 

ePsf] 5 . /fi6«klt ljBfb]jL 

e08f/L / pgsf kf]ln; ;dsIfL 

cfb|]h b'bf sftf]leraLr e]6jftf{ 

cToGt ;f}xfb{k"0f{ Pj+ d}qLk"0f{ 

jftfj/0fdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . 

g]kfn / kf]Nof8aLrsf] 3lgi6 

;DaGwnfO{ cem ;'dw'/ / ;'b[9 

agfpg] pkofaf/] /fi6«kltåoaLr 

3gLe"t?kdf ljrf/ ljdz{ 

ePsf] 5 eg] pgx¿n] hnjfo' 

kl/jt{g / To;n] u/La 

tyf hf]lvddf /x]sf /fi6«df 

kfg]{ b'ik|efjsf] ;dLIff;d]t 

u/]sf lyP . Pscsf{sf cg'e"lt 

;f6\g] / b'j} b]zsf hgtfsf] 

lxt k|j4{gdf s]lGb|t jftf{df 

/fi6«kltåon] hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf 

gsf/fTds c;/ 36fpg 1fg, 

;Lk, k|ljlwsf ;fy} ;|f]t;fwgsf] 

clwstd pkof]u u/]/ jftfj/0f 

;fem]bf/ vf]Hg l9nf ug{ 

gx'g] atfP . …/0fgLlts 

;fem]bf/ vf]Hg sDkgLn] l9nf 

ug{ x'Gg . xfdLn] ;+:yfsf] 

;DklQ d"Nof+sg ug]{ lg0f{o 

ul/;s]sf 5f}+,Ú pgn] eg], 

…o;kl5 sDkgLdf s:tf] ;]o/ 

;+/rgf x'g], To;sf] lgwf{/0f 

x'G5 . sDkgLdf uPkl5 

;fem]bf/ Nofpg] jf nufgLstf{ 

Nofpg] eGg] lg0f{o x'g] pgn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . 

/fi6«fWoIf:t/df g]kfn 

kf]Nof08aLr låkIfLo jftf{ 

cg's"ng sfod ug'{kg]{ / 

ljZjsf] tfkqmd a9fpg]nufot 

jftfj/0fLo ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ 

ljsl;t b]zn] tL ;|f]t / k|ljlw 

pkof]udf ;3fpg'kg]{df hf]8 

lbPsf] k//fi6« dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 

5 . kf]Nof08sf] sftf]lerdf 

hf/L hnjfo' kl/jt{g;DaGwL 

;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3Lo ;Dd]ng …sf]k 

@$Údf ;xefuL x'g] l;nl;nfdf 

ToxfF /x]sL /fi6«klt e08f/L;Fu 

;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL x'g oxfF 

Pslqt ePsf g]kfnsf ljleGg 

;ª\3 ;ª\u7gsf k|ltlglw;Fu 

;ª\lIfKt e]6jftf{ klg ePsf] 

lyof] . hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf 

k|lts"n c;/lj?4 n8\g / 

hnjfo' cg's"ngsf lglDt cGt/ 

f{li6«o ;d'bfonfO{ cjut u/fpg 

/fi6«klt sftf]lersf] lgdGq0fdf 

oxfF /xg'ePsL /fi6«kltn] 

ljleGg b]zsf /fi6«fWoIf Pj+ 

;/sf/ k|d'v;Fu a]Unfa]Un} 

e]6jftf{ u/]/ kf/:kl/s lxt / 

nfesf ljljw ljifodf ljrf/ 

cfbfgk|bfg u/]sf 5g\ .

{ 

{ 

^ 

@)&% d+l;/ @) ut], laxLaf/ 


Pgcf/PgP 


PgcfPgPdf lngeGbf klg lbg cfPsf xf}+ 

kj{tsf] wfOl/ªdf 

hlGdg' ePsf s'n cfrfo{ 

a]nfotsf Ps ;kmn Joj;foL 

x'g'x'G5 . Pgcf/PgP 

o's]sf k"j{cWoIf cfrfo{n] o;cl3 

Pgcf/Pgsf] o'/f]k If]qLo 

;+of]hssf] ?kdf klg ;kmntfk'j{s 

sfd ul/;Sg'ePsf] 5 . h'g 

lhDd]jf/L lbPklg ;xhtfsf 

;fy k"/f ug]{ cfrfo{sf] :jefjsf 

sf/0f kl5Nnf] ;do pxfFnfO{ g} 

r'gf}tLk'0f{ lhDd]jf/L ;'Dkg] ug{ 

yflnPsf] 5 . kl5Nnf] ;do 

Pgcf/Pgsf] sNof0fsf/L tyf 

dfgjLo ;xfotf;ldltsf];+of]hs 

/lx;Sg'ePsf cfrfo{nfO{ ;+3sf] 

efjL cWoIfsf] bfj]bf/sf] 

?kdf x]g{ yflnPsf] 5 . o;} 

l;nl;nfdf Pgcf/PgPsf] 5}6f}+ 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ngsf] 

cj;/df cfrfo{;Fu ul/Psf] 

s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/;+If]k M 

Pgcf/Pg lbj; / la1 

;Dd]ng s:tf] /Xof] < 

sf7df8f}+df klxnf] k6s 

u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 

-Pgcf/PgP_ n] lj1x¿sf] 

ljZj ;Dd]ng u/]sf] 5 . ljleGg 

b]zx¿af6 y'k|} g]kfnLx¿ hDdf 

eP . pgLx¿n] g]kfndf s;/L 

ljsf;, nufgL / ;xof]u ug{ 

;lsG5 eg]/ 5nkmn u/] . 

ljleGg If]qaf6 y/Ly/Lsf ;'emfj 

cfPsf 5g\ . tL ;'emfjnfO{ 

;d]6]/ g]kfnnfO{ gofF lbzf 

lbg] tof/L Pgcf/PgPn] u/]sf] 

5 . ;du|df of] ;Dd]ng lgs} 

kmnbfoL /x]sf] d}n] kfPsf] 5' . 

Ph]08f s] lyP < 

d'Vo Ph]08f eg]sf] ;+;f/el/ 

/x]sf g]kfnL lj1x¿sf] lj1tf 

s;/L g]kfnsf] lxtdf pkof]u 

ug]{ eGg] g} xf]. u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL ;+3nfO{ of] nufgL ug]{ 

;+:yf dfq} xf] eGg] klg ul/G5 . 

t/ jf:tjdf k};fsf] dfq} nufgL 

geP/ c? w]/} s'/fx¿sf] nufgL 

ug{ ;lsG5 . af}l4s nufgL 

ug{ ;lsG5 . xfdLn] xfdL 

cfO;s]kl5sf] klxnf] a}7sdf 

;+;f/el/sf u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL lj1x¿nfO{ lgDtf] u/]/ 

pxfFx¿sf] lj1tfnfO{ g]kfn;Fu 

/ g]kfnsf] ljsf;df s;/L 

hf]8\g ;lsG5 eGg]af/] g]kfndf 

Pp6f ljZj ;+d]ng ug]{ eg]/ 

klxnf] a}7sdf lg0f{o u/]sf 

lyof}F . To;}sf] kmn:j?k clxn] 

xfdLn] Pgcf/Pg 8]sf cj;/df 

ljwfg ;ef, lj1 ;Dd]ng tyf 

z+vd"n kfs{sf] pb3f6g 

e/v/} ;DkGg u/]sf 5f}F . xfd|f] 

k|of; slt ;kmn /Xof] eGg] 

s'/fsf] d"Nof+sg ug]{ lhDd]jf/L 

tkfO{x¿nfO{ g} 5f]8\5' . xfdLn] 

o;nfO{ cfTd;Gt'li6sf ;fy 

s]xL ;'?jft ug{ ;Sof}F eGg] 

?kdf lnPsf 5f} F . 

Pgcf/Pgn] cfof]hgf u/] 

sf] klxnf] ljZj 1fg ;Dd]ngdf 

pknlAw rlx+ s] eof] < 

of] ;Dd]ng cToGt} 

pknlAwk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 . :j]tkq 

hf/L ug{sf] nflu tLg dlxgfsf] 

;do /flvPsf] 5 . ToxfF ljleGg 

ljwfsf !^) j6f k]k/x¿ k|:t't 

ePsf lyP . !( j6f ;d"xdf 

NofP/ xfdLn] k|:t't ul/;s]sf 

5f}F . :j]tkq xfd|f] l6d agfP/ 

l6dn] hf/L ub}{ 5 . eGg t 

tLg dlxgf elgPsf] 5, t}klg 

!–@ dlxgfleq} ;Sg';\ eg]/ 

xfdLn] eg]sf 5f}F . of] Pp6f 

;'?jft xf] . g]kfneGbf aflx/ 

/x]sf PS;kl6{hx¿nfO{ hf]8\g] 

k|of; xf] . olt a]nf g} 7"nf] 

pknlAw eof], oxfF of] kl/jt{g 

eof], of] k|f]h]S6 u¥of}+ eg]/ d 

w]/} 7"nf] s'/f gu/f}F . of] xfdLn] 

g]kfn;Fu s;/L aflx/ al;/x]sf 

;fyLx¿n] hf]8\g s;/L ;S5f}F 

eg]/ k|of; u-of}+ . of] klxnf] 

k|of; xf] . oBlk sltko 

;fyLx¿n] k|Zg klg ug{' x'G5 . 

tkfO{x¿sf] pknlAw s] xf] eg]/ 

? xfdLn] :j]tkq agfP/ ;Dk"0f{ 

;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfonfO{ pknAw 

u/fpg] 5f}F . ;/sf/nfO{ klg 

lbg] 5f}F . sfof{Gjogsf] r/0fdf 

uPkl5 s]xL ;do kSs} nfUg]5 . 

Tof] s]xL g s]xL b]zsf] nflu / 

b]zsf] ;Dk"0f{ pGgltsf nflu 

sf]z]9'+uf x'g]5 . 

;xefuLtfsf] lx;fan] 

sfo{qmd slQsf] ;kmn /Xof] < 

k|wfgdGqL g} pb\3f6g ug{ 

cfpg' eof] . af]nfPsf clwsf+z 

dflg;x¿ cfpg' ePsf] lyof] . 

;+;f/el/af6 !^) j6f k]k/x? 

k|:t't ePsf 5g\ . w]/} lj1x¿ 

cfpg' ePsf] lyof] . Tof] g} 7"nf] 

s'/f xf] . @–# xKtfsf nflu xfdLn] 

ljleGg r/0fdf sfo{qmd u/]sf 

5f}F . sltko ;fyLx? cfpg'eof], 

slt kmsL{ ;Sg'eof]. ;]K6]Da/ 

@& tfl/vaf6 lk| sGkm/]G;x? 

z'? ePsf lyP . cS6f]a/ !! 

tfl/vdf xfd|f] d'Vo sfo{qmd 

lyof] . ;a}eGbf 7"nf] em08f]Qf]ng 

uof}{+ . z+vd'n kfs{sf] pb\3f6g 

uof}F . xfd|f] ;lrjfno cfÏg} 

ejgdf ;fg{sf] nflu sfo{qmd 

klg uof}{+ . cS6f]j/ !# / !$ 

df lj1 ;Dd]ng eof] . k]k/x¿ 

k|:t't ePsf lyP . 

tkfO{n] z+vd"n kfs{sf] klg 

s'/f ug{'eof] . of] kfs{sf] lgdf{0f 

s;/L eof] < o;sf] /]vb]v 

s;n] u5{ < 

z+vd"n kfs{ lgdf{0f 

kl/of]hgfsf] sf]l8{g]zg d}n] 

cfkm}n] g} u/]sf] lyPF . kljq 

afUdtL lsgf/df /x]sf] z+vd"n 

kfs{ tkfO{ cfkm} uP/ k|ToIf 

?kdf x]g{ ;Sg' x'G5 . a]n'sflt/ 

hfg' eof] eg] cfgGb lng 

;Sg' x'G5 . o;sf] lgdf{0f ;g\ 

@)!$ af6 ;'? u/]sf lyof}F . 

;dodf l;l4g ;s]g . ljleGg 

sf/0fx¿n] cK7\of/f klg lyP . 

:yfgLo ;d:of klg xfdLn] ef]Ug' 

k/]sf] lyof] . afudtL ;kmfO{ 

cleofg ;ldlt;Fu ;xsfo{ 

u/]/ kfs{ agfpg] lhDd]jf/L 

lbOPsf] lyof]. clxn] kfs{sf] 

lgdf{0f ;DkGg eP/ p¢f6g 

klg e};s]sf] 5 . cS6f]a/ 

!! -Pgcf/Pg 8]_ kf/]/ zx/L 

ljsf; dGqLaf6 p¢f6g u/]/ 

nlntk'/ dxfgu/kflnsfnfO{ 

/]vb]v ul/lbg';\ eg]/ cg'/f]w 

klg u/]sf 5f}F . /fd|f] sfd ug{'eof] 

eg]/ ;'emfj cfPsf] 5 . z'?sf 

lbgb]lv g]t[Tj lng kfpFbf d 

cfkm" klg v';L 5 . 

kfs{ agfpg slt vr{ 

nfUof] < 

;g\ @)!$ sf] o'/f]k]nL 

If]qsf] a}7s :k]gdf x'Fb} ubf{ 

;xefuLx?af6 cfwf 306fdf 

! s/f]8 $@ nfv ?lkofF 

a/fa/ ;xof]usf] sld6d]G6 

lng Tolt a]nf d ;kmn ePsf] 

lyPF . kl5Nnf] r/0fdf cfP/ 

e"sDk / l8hfOg r]~h cflbsf 

sf/0f em08} # s/f]8eGbf a9L 

vr{ ePsf] 5 . Tof] xfdL ;a} 

Pgcf/Pgsf ;fyLx¿n] :j]R5fn] 

lbPsf] ;xof]u /sd xf]. h;n] 

;xof]u lbg'ePsf] 5, ;a} 

rGbfbftfx?sf] gfd kfs{ leq} 

dfa{ndf n]v]/ /fv]sf 5f}F . 

clGtddf xtf/xtf/ ePsf] x'Fbf 

cem} klg s]xL ;xof]u cfpg] 

qmd hf/L 5. s]xL km08 gk'u]kl5 

;lrjfnoaf6 klg vr{ u/]sf 

5f}F . ck'u ePsf] /sd h'6fpg 

d cfkm} klg nfuL/x]sf] 5' . 

uf]vf{sf] nfk|fsdf 

lgdf{0ffwLg gd"gf j:tL lsg 

l9nf e}/x]sf] 5 < 

g]kfndf sfd ug{ Tolt 

;lhnf] 5}g . w]/} ;xof]u kfPsf] 

cj:yf klg xf]Og . Tof] 7fpF 

clnslt lr;f] klg 5 . lxpF kg] 

cj:yf 5 . kfgL kl/lbg], agfPsf] 

O§f / l;d]G6 klg v/fa eOlbg], 

nf]s]zg klg cln b'u{d ePsf] 

x'gfn] lgdf{0f ;+kGg ug{ ;d:of 

cfPsf] 5 . clncln ljjfbsf 

s'/f cfPsf 5g\ . :jfefljs klg 

xf] . h;n] ToxfF bfg ug{ 'eof], 

s'n cfrfo{ 

pkfWoIf, Pgcf/PgP 

h;n] ;kf]6{ ug{ 'eof] pxfFx?n] 

a]nfa]nfdf k|Zg p7fpg' hfoh 

xf] . Tof] p7fPg eg] st} xfdL 

klg ;':t x'g ;S5f} F, l9nf x'g 

;S5 . To;n] ubf{ s]xL k|Zg 

cfPsf 5g\ . t/ klg xfdLn] 

clxn] s] sld6d]G6 u/]sf 

5f} F eg] l56f]eGbf l56f] z+vd'n 

kfs{sf] lgdf{0f ;+kGg ug{ h;/L 

sfd u¥of} +, To;}u/L xfd|f] d]uf 

k|f]h]S6, nfk|fs gd'gf j:tL 

kl/of]hgf, nfO{ klg 6fu] {6 u/]/ 

;dod} l;4fpF eg]/ k|of; u/]sf 

5f} F . s]xL a9L vr{ klg ePsf] 

5. ;do klg nfu]sf] 5 . l9nf 

klg ePsf] 5 . Tof] ;a} :jLsf/ 

u5f} + . aflx/ a:g] g]kfnLn] 8] 6' 8] 

oxfF sfd ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf 

7]s]bf/af6 klg sfd 9Lnf9fnf 

e}/x]sf] 5 . To;nfO{ klg xfdLn] 

s;/L d]sck ug{ ;S5f} F eg]/ 

k|of; ul/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . 

xfdLnfO{ cfzf 5 j}zfv;Dddf 

Tof] k|f]h]S6 klg ;s]/ xfdLn] 

x:tfGt/0f ug] { 5f} F . 

tkfO{ g]kfnL gful/stfsf] 

lg/Gt/tfsf nflu vl6/xg'ePsf] 

Ps cleoGtf klg x'g'x'G5 . 

To;;DaGwL sfg'g slxn];Dd 

aGnf < 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL 

gful/stf ;+aGwL sfg"g l56f] 

agf];\ eGg] xfd|f] rfxgf xf] . 

;+;b rln/x]sf] a]nf !–@ dlxgf 

cufl8 klg Pgcf/Pg o's]sf] 

l6d;Fu d cfPsf] lyPF . of] 

w]/} ;dob]lv, Pgcf/PgPsf] 

z'?cftsf lbgb]lv hf]l8Psf] 

ljifo xf] . xfdLn] ;+ljwfgn] 

Joj:yf u/]cg';f/sf] gful/stf 

dfu u/]sf 5f}F . ;+ljwfgn] 

lbPsf] clwsf/nfO{ ;'lglZrt 

ul/of]:, g]kfnL gful/s ;/x 

;a} ;'ljwf pknAw u/fO{of];\ 

eGg] g} xfd|f] dfu xf]. /fhgLlts 

clwsf/sfnflu kl5 xfdL kxn 

ub}{ hfpFnf . ;+;bsf] lxpFb] 

clwj]zgdf ;+zf]lwt ljw]osnfO{ 

kfl/t u/]/ u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL 

gful/stfsf] Joj:yf x'g] 5 

eGg] xfd|f] cfzf 5 . 

g]kfnsf] cfly{s pGgltsf] 

nflu of] cToGt} dxTjk"0f{ 

5 . rLg / ef/tsf] Oltxf; 

x]g{';\ . lj]b]zdf /x]sf cfÏgf 

gful/snfO{, 8fo:kf]/fnfO{, 

:j]bz kmsf{P/, pgLx?sf] ;Lk 

/ nufgL leqfP/ pgLx?n] 

b]zsf] ljsf; u/]sf] l:ylt 

5 . aflx/ a:g] g]kfnLsf] nflu 

eGbf klg b]zs} nflu cToGt 

rflxg] ePsf] x'gfn] klg o;sf] 

af/]df ;f]FrL lbg'; eg]/ xfdLn] 

cg'/f]w ul//x]sf 5f}F . csf]{ kf6f] 

s] xf] eg] gful/stfsf] ljifo 

ljrf/fwLg x'Fb} ubf{ st} xfd|f] 

hUufhdLg, ;DkQL cK7]/f]df 

kg]{ xf] ls eg]/ ;fyLx? 8/fO 

/xg' ePsf] 5 . xfdLn] elg/x]sf 

5f}F aflx/sf] kf;kf]6{ lng'eGbf 

cufl8sf] ;DkQLdf s]xL km/s 

kb}{g eg]/, xfdLx¿ cGt/ 

f{li6«o sfg"gsf] cfwf/df 6]s]/, 

af]ln/x]sf 5f}F . t/ s] eof] 

eg] of] s'/fx¿ ha;Dd b]zsf] 

/fhgLlts / ;/sf/L txaf6 

af]ln+b}g ta;Dd xfdLn] af]n]/ 

dfq} x'Fb}g . 

clxn] x]g{' eof] eg] ;du| 

g]kfnsf olt w]/} 3/hUuf hdLg 

a]r]/ 7"n} /sd aflx/ lnP/ hfg] 

qmd a9]sf] 5 . sfg"gL ?kdf k};f 

lnP/ hfg ldNb}g . u}/sfg"gL 

?kdf olt w]/} k};f aflxl/Psf] 

5, To;n] b]znfO{ vf]qmf] agfpg] 

cj:yf /x]sf] 5 . Tof] sf/0fn] 

klg tkfO{x¿sf] ;DkQL ;'/lIft 

5 . tkfO{x¿nfO{ xfdLn] u}/ 

cfjf;Lo gful/stf lbG5f}F h;n] 

;fdflhs, cfly{s / ;f+:s[lts 

clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf x'G5, 

tkfO{x¿ cflQP/ ;DklQ 

ga]Rg';\ eg]/ ;/sf/n] af]lnlbof] 

eg] of] b]zsf] wg;DklQ aflx/ 

hfFb}g . /, Tof] gful/stfn] 

;+;f/el/ /x]sf g]kfnLsf klxnf] 

k':tf geOsg bf];|f], t];|f] 

k':tfnfO{ klg g]kfn;Fu hf]8\g 

;kmn x'g]5f}+ . g]kfnsf] cfly{s 

pGglt / k|ultsfnflu g]kfnL 

8fo:kf]/fnfO{ g]kfn;+u hf]8\g 

cToGt h?/L 5 . o;sf] d"n 

s8L eg]sf] g} gful/stf xf] 

eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 . 

Tof] sfg"g s:tf] x'g'k5{ < 

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] u}/ 

cfjf;Lo g]kfnL gful/stfsf] 

Joj:yf ul/;s]kl5 xfdLn] 

eg]sf 5f}F of] ;fdflhs, 

cfly{s / ;f+s[lts clwsf/ 

aflx/ a:g] g]kfn / leq a:g] 

g]kfnLsf] ;dfg xf];\ eGbfv]/L 

w]/} k|efjzfnL JolQmx¿, 

;/sf/sf clwsf/Lx?n] To;df 

s'g} ;d:of 5}g eg]/ eGg'ePsf] 

5. k|wfgdGqLn] klg af]Ng' 

ePsf] 5 . cfzf u/f}F ToxL 

cg';f/sf] sfg"g aGg]5 . ;+;f/ 

el/ /x]sf g]kfnLx¿ l56f]eGbf 

l56f] nfeflGjt x'g] 5g\ . 

To;kl5 g]kfn kms{g] qmd a9\g] 

cfzf klg xfdLn] lnPsf 5f}F . 

Pgcf/Pgn] eg]sf] 

nufgL;Fu} ;Lk / k|ljlw klg 

leq\ofpg] /0fgLlt s] 5 < 

clxn]sf] lj1 ;Dd]ng 

eg]s} oxL g} xf] . ;Lk / k|ljlw 

cyf{t 1fg h] egf}F of] /0fgLlt 

eg]sf] klxnf] r/0fdf xfdLn] 

z'? u/]sf 5f}F . k'FhLsf] ?kdf 

;fd"lxs , JolQmut jf ;fdflhs 

lx;falstfjn] klxnf] k':tfn] 

k|of; u/]sf] s'/f xf] . g]kfnsf] 

sfofkn6 x'g] u/]/ Pgcf/PgPn] 

o;f] u¥of] p;f] u¥of] eg]/ d 

slxNo} klg 7"nf s'/f ug{ 

rfxGgF . Pp6f :s'n agfpg] 

xf]:, :jf:Yo rf}sL agfpg] xf];\ 

cyjf af6f]3f6f] agfpg] g} lsg 

gxf];\ . o;afx]s 7"nf nufgLsf 

s'/fx¿ klg gePsf x}gg\ . Ps 

xhf/ hgf nufgLstf{x?sf] Pp6} 

s+kgL agfP/ To;n] klg s]xL 

sfo{x¿ cufl8 a9]sf] cj:yf 

5 .of] 1fg / ;Lksf] h'g s'/f 

ul/Psf] 5 o;}nfO{ dWogh/ 

u/]/ lj1 ;Dd]ng eg]/ xfdLn] 

u/]sf xf}F . Tof] 1fg / ;Lk eg]sf] 

kLPr8L ug]{ 8fS6/x¿n] dfq} 

Nofpg] xf]Og . ;fdfGo vfgf 

ksfpg] dfG5]n] klg xfOh]lgs 

vfgf s;/L ksfpg ;lsG5 

eGg] s'/f b]lv ;fdfGo v]tL ug]{ 

dfG5]n] g]kfn s[lif k|wfgb]z xf], 

s;/L s[lifdf /fd|f];Fu pGglt 

ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] s'/f klg 

lnP/ cfcf];\ eGg] xfd|f] rfxgf 

xf] . o:tf pbfx/0f k|z:t /x]sf 

5g\ . oL ljifox¿df klg s]lGb|t 

/x]/ 5nkmn ePsf] 5 . of] g} 

xfd|f] /0fgLlt xf] / z'?jft klg 

xf] . clxn] xªsªdf cfof]hgf 

x'g nfu]sf] Pl;of Kofl;lkms 

;Dd]ngn] g]kfndf Pgcf/Pgsf] 

nufgL leq\ofpg dxTjk'0f{ 

e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{5 . xªsª 

ljZjs} lahg]z xa ePsf] / oxL+ 

of] ;Dd]ng cfof]hgf x'Fbf o;n] 

;sf/fTds ;Gb]; lbg] ck]Iff 

u/]sf 5f}+ . ;Dd]ngn] …;d[4 

g]kfnsf nflu nfugL / /f]huf/, 

bfloTj;xlt u}/cfjf;lo 

g]kfnLnfO{ clwsf/Ú sf] gf/fnfO{ 

of] ;Dd]ngn] k'li6 ug]{5 . 

tkfO{nfO{ cfpFbf] jif{ Pgcf/ 

Pgsf] ljZj ;Dd]ngdf cWoIfsf] 

bfj]bf/sf] ?kdf klg x]l/Psf] 

kfOG5 . s] cWoIf x'g] bf}8 z'? 

e};s]sf] xf] < 

d s'g} To:tf] bf}8df ljZjf; 

ulb{g . pkfWoIfnfO{ cWoIfsf] 

pDd]bjf/sf] ?kdf x]l/g' :jfefljs 

g} xf] . sfd u/]/ cufl8 a9\ 

g'k5{ . r'gfj eg]sf] k|lqmof dfq} 

xf] . r'gfj eGb}df xf/hLt eGg] 

x' Fb}g eGg] dfGotf klg d /fV5' . 

ef]lnsf] kl/l:ylt / ;+;f/el/sf 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ldqx¿n] 

tkfO{ +n] g]t[Tj ug{ ';\ eGg'eof] 

eg] d tof/ klg x'g'k5{ . xf]Og 

eg]/ eGg'eof] eg] Tof] ;don] 

atfpF5 . clxn] d s'g} bf}8w'kdf 

nfu]sf] 5}g . t/ d]/f] bf}8w'k 

eg]sf] xfdLn] s]xL sfd ug{ 'k5{ 

g]kfndf, xfd|f kl/of]hgfx¿ 

;dod} ;+kGg ug{ 'k5{, b]lvg] sfd 

ug{ 'k5{ eGg] g} xf] . 

dx]Gb| k|;fb rDnfufO{+ 

cWoIf 

g]kfnL Jofj;foL ;+3, stf/ Pj+ p8Nof08 sG6«oflS6ª P08 

hg/n ;le{;]h 8An'=Pn= Pn= bf]xf, stf/ 

ls/0f ljqmd yfkf 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;+of]hs 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 -Pgcf/PgP_ 

lr/GhLjL e§ 

cWoIf 

xf]6n cf6{; sf7df8f}+ 

/fd]Zj/ zfx 

cWoIf 

s]=6L=Pd= ;]So'l/6L ;le{;]h k|f=lh= 

ljgf]b s'“j/ 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;x–;+of]hs 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 -Pgcf/PgP_

Pgcf/PgP 


@)&% d+l;/ @) ut], laxLaf/ 


5fofFgfy /f/f klxnf] dlb/fd'Qm gu/n] l;sfPsf] kf7 

d'u'÷h;– Pp6f cToGt 

b'u{d If]qsf] gu/kflnsfn] 

b]zd} pbfx/0fLo sfd u/]sf] 

5 . cfkm\gf] gu/If]qnfO{ xfn} 

dlb/fd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff u/]/ 

b]zs} klxnf] gu/kflnsf aGg] 

d'u' lhNnfsf] 5fofFgfy /f/f 

gu/kflnsfn] OR5fzlQm ePdf 

s] ug{ ;lsFb}g eGg] ;Gb]z 

lbP/ b]znfO{ g} dfu{bz{g ug{ 

;kmn ePsf] xf] . 5fofFgfy /f/f 

gu/kflnsf klxn]sf] s0ff{nL 

c~rn / xfn s0ff{nL k|b]zdf 

kg]{ clt b'u{d tyf ljsf;df 

kl5k/]sf] d'u' lhNnfdf kb{5, 

t/ o;} gu/kflnsfleq /x]sf] 

/f/ftfn eg] ko{6sLo If]qdf 

g]kfnsf] dfq geO{ ljZjs} nflu 

Pp6f lx/fsf] 6'qmfh:t} /x]sf] 5 / 

o;n] s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] dfq geO{ 

b]zs} ;d'Ggltdf an k'¥ofpg] 

ckf/ ;Defjgf af]s]sf] 5 . 

klZrdL g]kfnsf] pQ/L 

lxdfnL If]qdf kg] { /f/f tfn lj;+ 

@)@) df /fhf dx]Gb|n] e|d0f u/]/ 

…/f/f ls cK;/fÚ eGg] sljtf n]vL 

/f/f tfnsf] j0f{g u/]kl5 lhNnf 

k~rfotn] klg o;sf] gfd klg 

dx]Gb|tfn 3f]if0ff u/]kl5 o;sf] 

b]ze/ rrf{ kl/rrf{ z'? ePsf] 

lyof] . of] tfn @(*) ld6/ 

prfOdf kxf8x¿sf] sfvdf jl/ 

k/L hª\unn] 3]l/Psf] / cToGt 

s~rg kfgL ePsf] tfn xf] . hlt 

x]¥of] plt x]l//xF ' h:tf] nfUg] of] 

tfn /f/f /fli6«o lgs'GhcGtu{t 

/x]sfn] xfn;Dd ck|b"lift g} /xg 

;kmn ePsf] 5 . o; tfnnfO{ 

b]v]/ dGqd'Uw x'g]sf] t s'/} 5f8f} F, 

t:jL/, 6]lnlehg, j[Qlrq cflbdf 

k|ljg u'?ª 

dWok"j{ ;x–;+of]hs 

u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3, cGt/fli6«o ;dGjo kl/ifb\ 

x]g] { ;f}efUo kfpg] hf] sf]xL klg 

hLjgdf Psk6s k'Ug}kg] { uGtJo 

7fGb5g\ . o;sf] ;'Gb/tfsf] 

cfsif{0fn] o'/f]k]nL b]zsf ko{6s 

klg oxfFsf] e|d0fdf cfpg] u/]sf 

5g\ . 

o:tf] ul/dfdo k|fs[lts 

;Dkbf ePsf] d'u' lhNnf eg] 

cfly{s tyf ef}lts k|ultsf] 

xsdf eg] lgs} lk5l8Psf] 5 . 

d'u' lhNnfsf] hg;ª\Vof @)^* 

sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ %%,@*^ 

/x]sf] 5 eg] ;fIf/tf k|ltzt %! 

/x]sf] 5 . oxfFsf] hghLjg cToGt 

si6s/ ePsfn] lzIff, :jf:Yosf] 

cefj eO{ ;/b/ cfo" #( jif{ 

dfq /x]sf] 5 . ef}uf]lns tyf 

ef}lts k|ultdf lk5l8g' t 5Fb}5, 

To;dfly o; lhNnfn] ef]Ug'k/]sf] 

csf]{ ljs[lt jf s';+:sf/ /x]5, 

cTolws dlb/fkfg . Hofb} lr;f] 

xfjfkfgL tyf lxpF g} kg]{ ePsfn] 

/ hftLut¿kdf s]xL dlb/fkfg 

:jfefljs ePklg ljs[ltsf] ¿kdf 

hlxn] klg / hxfF klg dlb/fkfg 

x'g] ePsfn] oxfFsf kl/jf/ kLl8t 

x'g] /x]5g\ . 3/d"lnn] dlb/fkfg 

u/L cfkm\gf] cfDbfgL To;}df :jfxf 

kfg]{ t 5Fb}5, To;dfly k'?ifn] 

dlb/fkfgsf] g;fdf klTg tyf 

5f]/f5f]/Lx¿nfO{ lk6\g], c+ue+u 

x'g] / d[To';Dd x'g] 36gf a9\b} 

uPsf /x]5g\ . dlb/fs} sf/0f rfF8} 

SofG;/ h:tf /f]u nfuL csfndf 

d[To' x'g] 36gf klg oxfF w]/} x'g] 

/x]5g\ . oxfF ljjfxkl5 Ps÷b'O{ 

jif{ bfDkTo hLjg ;'vdo x'g] 

t/ t'?Gt} dlb/fkfgsf sf/0f 

kfl/jfl/s dgd'6fj a9\b} uP/ 

5f]8kq x'g] tyf ax'ljjfx x'g] 

36gf w]/} x'g] /x]5g\ . ;fdfGotof 

s;}sf] klg 3/df kfl/jfl/s 

zflGt gx'g] u/]sf] kfOof] . 

o:tf 36gfaf6 cflht 

eP/ g} ;ª\3Lotf nfu" ePkl5 

ag]sf] oxfFsf] :yfgLo ;/sf/ 

jf 5fofFgfy /f/f gu/kflnsfn] 

of] ljs[lt ;bfsf nflu x6fpg' 

cfjZos 7fg]sf] /x]5 . o;} 

qmddf gu/kflnsfsf] ;efn] 

@)&$ c;f/df gu/nfO{ 

dlb/fd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff ug]{ p2]Zon] 

sfo{ljlw agfO{ nfu" ug]{ lg0f{o 

u/]sf] / @)&% ;fpg #@ sf] 

gu/kflnsfsf] /fhkqdf k|sflzt 

eO;s]sf] tyf @)&% c;f]h @ 

ut]sf] ;j{kIfLo, ;j{bnLo e]nfn] 

o;nfO{ sfo{of]hgf agfO{ s8fOsf 

;fy nfu" ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf]df 

@)&% d+l;/ ! ut]b]lv nfu" 

rGb| 608g 

k|aGw lgb]{zs 

l;6L PS;k|]; dgL 6«fG;km/ 

sdnfbL, sf7df8f}+ 

x'g] u/L ;f]xL lbg gu/kflnsf 

If]qnfO{ b]zs} klxnf] dlb/fd'Qm 

If]q 3f]if0ff ul/of] . 

s0ff{nL k|b]z -k|b]z g+ ^_ 

sf d'VodGqL dx]Gb|axfb'/ zfxLn] 

d+l;/ ! ut] dlb/fd'Qm If]q 3f]if0ff 

sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g ug'{sf ;fy} 

;f] lbg gu/kflnsfåf/f tof/ 

ul/Psf] k|ltj¢tfkq jfrg 

ug'{eof] eg] pkl:yt hgk|ltlglw, 

/fhgLlts bnsf g]tf sfo{stf{, 

ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yfaf6 pkl:yt 

cltlyn] ;f] k|lta¢tf jfrgdf 

;fy lbFb} ;fd"lxs ¿kdf 

k|lta¢tfkq n]lvPsf] Jofg/df 

x:tfIf/ u/L k|ltj¢tf JoQm 

ug'{eof] . k|lta¢tfkqdf 

gu/If]qleq s;}n] klg dlb/fhGo 

kbfy{sf] pTkfbg, laqmL ljt/0f, 

;]jg / cf];f/k;f/ gug{], 

gu/fpg] pNn]v 5 . 

rGb| 9sfn 

cWoIf 

cfO{=Pd=O{= lnld6]8 

kfgLkf]v/L, sf7df8f}+ 

kL/ dxDdb 

k|aGw lgb]{zs tyf 

cn dhnL; kkm\o'{d, kl/jf/ 

bf]xf, stf/ 

wd{/fh clwsf/L 

;+of]hs, cf]l;ofgf 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 -Pgcf/PgP_ 

lqnf]s u'?ª 

cWoIf 

u'vf{h Pstf OG6/g]zgn 

xªsª 

Zofd If]qL 

lahg]; 8]enkd]G6 d]g]h/ 

vu]Gb| Gof}kfg] 

cWoIf 

u}/ cfjfl;of g]kfnL ;+3 

-Pg=cf/=Pg= P=_ dn]l;of 

ljZj /fO{ 

sfo{sf/L cWoIf 

P; P08 aL= u'|k, kl/jf/ 

SjfnfnDk'/, dn]l;of 

dgf]h s'df/ >]i7 

cfO{=l;=l;=;b:o 

u}/cfj;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 

cGt/f{li6«o ;dGjo kl/ifb\ 

s'n cfrfo{ 

pkfWoIf 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 

cGt/f{li6«o ;dGjo kl/ifb\

@)&% d+l;/ @) ut], laxLaf/ 


Pgcf/PgP 


Pgcf/PgPsf] Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ng 

xªsªdf ;DkGg ug{ kfp“bf uf}/jflGjt ePsf 5f}+ 

;i6]gfaLln6L 6f:s kmf];{ ;Nnfxsf/ t]hk|sfz k'g 6«]8 k|df];g Pl;of Kofl;lkms l/hgsf ;+of]hs x'g\ . Pgcf/PgP xªsª÷dsfpsf ;+/Ifs, Pgcf/Pgsf ;+:yfks, Pgcf/Pg 

cfO;L;Lsf k"j{ sf]iffWoIf tyf DofUbL k|jf;L g]kfnL ;+3 -df]gf_ sf ;+:yfks cWoIf;d]t /x]sf k'g xªsªdf /x]/ g]kfnL ;dfhsf] pGglt k|ultdf ;lqmo /xFb} cfPsf 5g\ . la=;+ @)!( ;fndf 

wf}nflu/L c~rn DofUbL lhNnf wf}nflu/L ufpFkflnsf & df hlGdPsf t]hk|sfz k'g la=;+ @)#& ;fndf a]nfotL ;]gfdf etL{ eO{ O+{=;+= !(($ df pQm ;]gfsf] hflu/af6 casfz k|fKt e'tk"j{ 

;}lgs x'g\ . k|:t't 5 k'g;Fu xªsªdf /x]sf g]kfnL, g]kfnL ;dfh, g]kfnL Joj;fo / g]kfnL 8fo:kf]/faf/] hg;jfn b}lgsn] u/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/;+If]k M 

oxfFsf] Joj;flos ofqf / 


Pgcf/PgPsf] cleofgsf] af/]df 

atfO{lbg'; g < 

a]nfotL ;]gfsf] hflu/af6 

cjsf; x'g'eGbf cufl8 g} O{=;+ 

!((@ b]lv Jofkf/ Joj;fodf 

;lqmo lyPF . z'?sf Joj;flos 

kfO{nfx? /]i6'/]G6 Joj;foaf6 

z'? ul/ Ps ;kmn Joj;foL 

tyf ;dfh ;]jfdf lg/Gt/ 

nflu/x]F . To;}sf] kmn:j?k cfh 

oxfF 5' . u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL 

;+3 Pgcf/PgP sf] ofqf eg]sf] 

O{=;+ @))# b]lv u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL ;+3 Pgcf/PgP xªsªsf] 

tkm{af6 klxnf] cfO{;L;L ;b:osf] 

?kdf cfˆgf] klxrfg agfpg 

;'? u/]+ ;f]xL ;+:yfsf] s]lGb|o 

sf]iffWoIfsf] ?kdf @))% df 

lgjf{lrt eO{ sfd u/]+ . To;}ul/ 

@))& b]lv @))( ;Dd u}/ 

cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3sf] s]lGb|o 

;Nnfxsf/ sf] ?kdf sfd ul/ 

;s]sf] 5' . o;}u/L ;dfh;]jfdf 

DofUbL k|jf;L g]kfnL ;+3 -df]gf_ 

sf] s]lGb|o ;+:yfks cWoIf ;d]t 

eO{ sfd u/]+ . of] clxn] @% j6f 

b]zdf ;+hfn 5 . 

u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3n] 

g]kfndf &% j6} lhNnfdf ;+hfn 

km}nfpg] sfo{of]hgf cg'?kdf 

DofUbL lhNnfdf ;+3sf] la:tf/sf] 

lhDdf lnO{ sfd u/]+ . To;} ul/ 

DofUbL k|jf;L g]kfnL ;+3 -df]gf_ 

sf] xfn ;Dd @% j6f b]zdf 

;+u7g la:tf/ u/]sf] 5 . ;f]xL 

;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 DofUbL lhNnfdf 

:jf:Yo, lzIff h:tf dxTjk'0f{ 

If]qdf ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj 

cGt/ut ;xof]u ul/ ;+:yfsf] 

gfd pRr agfpg ;kmn ePsf 

5f}+ . u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 

Pgcf/PgP xªsªsf ;+:yfks 

;d]t /x]sf] / cflxn] cfkm' 

;DnUg ePs} ;+:yf u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL ;+3 Pgcf/PgPsf] Pl;of 

KKol;lkms ;Dd]ng xªsªdf ug{ 

kfpFbf cfkm'nfO{ uf}/jflGjt ePsf] 

dx;'; u/]sf] 5' . o; ;Dd]ngdf 

xªsªaf;L u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL 

;+3 Pgcf/PgPsf e'k' / jt{dfg 

;a} Pgcf/PgPx?sf] ;xeflutfdf 

;Dd]ng ;DkGg x'g] ljZjf; 5 . 

of] If]lqo ;Dd]ng xªsªdf klxnf] 

k6s x'g' uO{/x]sf]n] ;Dd]ng 

;kmn agfpg ;Dk'0f{ xªs af;L 

g]kfnLx? tg, dg / wgn] 

;xof]u ug{ nfu]sf 5f}+ . ljZjaf6 

o; If]lqo ;Dd]ngdf ;xeflutf 

hgfpg Pgcf/PgPx? / cGo 

kfx'gfx? cfpFb} x'g'x'G5, To;} ul/ 

g]kfnsf Joj;foLx? klg jQmfsf 

?kdf cfpFb} x'g'x'G5 . To; sf/0f 

xfdL of] ;Dd]ngsf] eJo tof/Ldf 

nfu]sf 5f}+ / of] ;kmn x'G5 

eGg]df xfdL laZj:t 5f}+ . 

Pgcf/PgPsf] Pl;of Kofl;lkms 

;Dd]ngsf] tof/L s'g r/0fdf 

k'u]sf] 5 < 

xfd|f] tof/L a[xt ?kdf 

eO{/x]sf] 5 / nueu ;a} tof/L 

;DkGg ePsf] 5 . u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL ;+3 Pgcf/PgP sf] 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ngdf 

g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 s[lif 

dGqLb]lv laleGg If]qsf 

Joj;foLx?;d]t ;xefuL x'g] 

sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5 . To;}ul/ of] 

sfo{qmdnfO{ k|e' u|'knufot 

g]kfnsf Joj;flos ;d'xx?sf] 

klg ;fy / ;xof]u /x]sf] 5 . of] 

;Dd]ngdf u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL 

;+3 Pgcf/PgPsf ;+:yfks 

cWoIfb]lv xfn;Ddsf ;a} 

cWoIfHo"x? ;xefuL x'g'x'g]5 . 

oxfF cfpg leiffsf] ;d:of lyof] 

Tof] ;d:of ;dfwfg eO{;s]sf] 

5 . If]lqo ;Dd]ngdf xªsª 

cfpg rfxg'x'g] ;a}nfO{ xfdLn] 

leiff pknAw u/fO{;s]sf 

5f}+ . pQm leiff k|bfg ug]{ sfo{df 

;xof]u ug'{ePsf]df xªsª 

dfO{u]|;gnfO{ xflb{s wGoafb lbg 

rfxG5f}+ . leiff k|fKt ug]{ ;a} 

hgf cfpg'x'G5 eGg] xfdLn] cfzf 

/fv]sf 5f}+ . of] sfo{df xªsª 

dfO{u]|;gn] xfdL k|lt laZjf; 

u/]/ g} ;xof]u u/]sf] xf] . 

To;}ul/ ;Dd]ng tof/L 

cGt/ut xfdLn] xf]6n, ;Dd]ng 

xnh:tf dxTjk'0f{ kIfsf] tof/L 

ul/;s]sf 5f}+ . of] ;Dd]ng 

xn /x]sf] xf]6n ;a}nfO{ kfos 

kg]{ :yn s]Gb|df g} /x]sf] 5 . 

lab]zaf6 ;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL x'g' 

cfpg' ePsf kfx'gfx?nfO{ 

ladfg:ynaf6 xf]6n;Dd / 

xf]6naf6 ladfg:yn;Dd Nofpg] 

nfg] ;Dk'0f{ oftfoftsf] Joj:yf 

;d]t ul/;s]sf 5f}+ . o; dfg]df 

tof/L /fd|f] 5 . 

xfd|f] sfo{qmd ;'rLcg';f/ 

;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g ;q * 

l8;]Da/ @)!* sf] laxfg (M)) 

ah] to u/]sf 5f} . ;dodfg} 

sfo{qmd :yndf k'Ugsf] 

nfuL ;j}nfO{ cg'/f]w ul/Psf] 

5 . of] If]lqo ;Dd]ng xªsªdf 

klxnf]k6s x'Fb}5 . To;sf/0f klg 

xfdL pT;flxt 5f}+ . of] ;Dd]ngdf 

n}+lus lx;fjn] klg ;dfj]zL 

agfO{Psf] 5 . dlxnf k|ltlgwLx? 

klg tf]lsPsf] ;+Vofdf ;xefuL 

x'g'x'g]5 . To; sf/0f klg of] 

;Dd]ng P]ltxfl;s x'g]5 eGg]df 

xfdL la:j:t 5f}+ . 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ngsf] d'Vo 

Ph]08fx?af/] atfO{ lbg';g < 

xfd|f] rf;f] ;Dd]ng ;kmn 

kfg{ dfq geO{ P]ltxfl;s 

agfO{ xªsªaf6 g]kfnn] lng 

;Sg] kmfO{bfx?sf] laifodf 

klg 5nkmn s]lGb|t x'g]5 . 

g]kfnL o'jfx?sf] nflu j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/sf] b[li6sf]0fn] xªsª 

Psbd} cfsif{0fsf] s]Gb| g} xf] . of] 

g]kfnL o'jfx?sf nflu laut !% 

jif{b]lv g]kfnL sfdbf/x?sf nflu 

aGb /x]sf] xªsª cj r'gf}tLsf 

?kdf eGbf klg cj;/sf] ?kdf 

abNg g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgltut 

?kdf g} kxnsbdL ug{ 

h?/L 5 . 

To;}ul/ bfxf]/f] gful/stf 

eGbf klg Psk6ssf]nflu g]kfnL 

;w}+sf] g]kfnL eGg] l;4fGtdf 

cfwfl/t x'g'k5{ eGg] xfd|f] dfu 

5 . To;} ul/ 5nkmndf p7]sf 

;sf/fTds / /fd|f laifonfO{ 

;d]l6g] 5 . u}/ cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL ;+3 Pgcf/PgPn] lehg 

@)÷@) nfO{ k'/f u/fpg / 

g]kfndf ko{6g k|a4{g u/fpg] 

laifonfO{ d'Vo k|fyldstf /fVg] 

/ s[lif, /f]huf/LnfO{ ;d]t ;d]6L 

cu|hx?;Fu a[xt 5nkmn u/]/ 

xªsª 3f]if0ffkq hf/L ug]{ of]hgf 

/x]sf] 5 . 

of] ;Dd]ngaf6 s]–s] pknlAwx? 

xfl;n x'G5g\ eGg ;lsG5 < 

;a}nfO{ yfxf ePs} laifo 

xf] Joj;flos lx;fjn] xªsª 

Jofkfl/s s]Gb|sf] ?kdf :yflkt 

b]z xf] . xªsªsf] lasf;sf] 

af/]df oxfF ;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL 

;a}n] k|ToIf cjnf]sg ug{ 

kfpg] 5g\ . xªsªsf hgtfnfO{ 

;/sf/n] pknAw u/fPsf ;]jf 

;'lawfsf af/]df yfxf kfpg]5g\ 

;fy} xªsªsf] ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] 

lasf;sf] klg ;Dd]ngdf 

;xefuLx? ;a}n] k|ToIf cjnf]sg 

ug{ kfpg] 5g\ . ef}lts ;+/rgfsf 

k|flalws laifox? klg hfgsf/L 

/fVg kfpg] cj;/ 5 . oxfF 

l;s]sf laifox? g]kfn NofO{ nfu' 

ug]{ cj;/ 5 ;Dk'0f{ u}/ cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnLx?n] l;s]sf l;k, 1fg / 

cfDbfgLnfO{ g]kfn NofO{ ;b'kof]u 

ul/ b]zd} s]xL ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] 

laZjf; 5 . To:t} ;Dd]ngaf6 

k|fKt x'g] lgisif{n] g]kfn, g]kfnL 

/ Pgcf/Pgx?sf nflu b'/ufdL 

dxTj /fVg] cfzf / ck]Iff xfd|f] 

5 . 

oxfFn] Pgcf/PgP cleofgdf nfu]/ 

s] kfpg' eof] s] u'dfpg' eof] < 

;+:yfut lasf; eg]sf] 

dflg;sf] klxrfgsf] klxnf] kl/ro 

g} xf] . u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 

Pgcf/PgPdf ;DnUg eP/ d}n] 

w]/} lrh sdfPsf] 5' . of] u}/ 

cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3df ;DnUg 

ePkZrft d}n] cfˆgf ;a} klxrfg 

o;} ;+:yfdfkm{t g} sdfPsf] 5' . 

o; eGbf klxn] ;+;f/sf h'g;'s} 

d'n'sdf hfFbf d ;+:yfut eGbf 

klg JolQmut ?kdf g} ;xeflutf 

hgfpg] uy]{+ t/ clxn] d JolQm 

eGbf klg ;+:yfut ?kdf 

hfG5' . ;+:yfut ?kdf hfFbf 

;a} b]zsf ;fyLefO{x?n] :jfut 

;Tsf/ ug'{x'G5 . of] g} JolQmut 

lhGbuLsf] sdfO{ xf] h:tf] nfU5 . 

xfd|f] u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 

Pgcf/PgPsf] cleofg clxn] 

laZjsf *) d'n'sdf k'u]sf] 

5 . xfdL h'g;'s} d'n'sdf hfFbf 

cfkm'n] k|fKt u/]sf 1fg l;kx?sf] 

cfbfg k|bfgsf laifodf 5nkmn 

u5f}{+ . d}n] s]xL klg u'dfPsf] 5}g 

of] cleofgdf nfu]/ . 


Pgcf/PgPsf] cleofgdf xfdL 

klxnf]df cfly{s ;d[4Lsf] kIfnfO{ 

dxTjsf ;fy x]/]sf 5f}+ . o;af6 

cfˆgf] b]znfO{ s] lbg ;lsG5 / 

b]zaf6 u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnLx?nfO{ 

s] kmfO{bf lbnfpg ;lsG5 eGg] 

laifodf xfdL u+le/ 5nkmndf 

5f}+ . Ps hgfsf] k|of; eGbf klg 

xfdL ;fd'lxs nufgLsf] laifodf 

a9L s]lGb|t 5f}+ . o;af6 ;a}sf] 

ckgTjsf] efjgf klg x'G5 / 

;a}nfO{ kmfO{bf klg x'G5 . lab]zdf 

a;]sf ;a} g]kfnLx? b]zsf] nflu 

ef]n]lG6o/ ?kdf sfd ul/ /x]sf 

5f}+ . lab]z a:g] g]kfnLx?nfO{ 

pQm b]zsf] xfjfkfgL, /fhlglts 

cj:yf, ef}uf]lns cj:yf / efiff 

;:s[tLsf] cj:yfaf/] hfgsf/ 

x'g] ePsf]n] ;a} k|s[of k'¥ofP/ 

/fhb't agfpg' k5{ . o;af6 b'O{ 

b]zsf] bf}To ;DaGwdf ;'d'w'/ eO{ 

ldqtf lb3{sflng x'G5 . o;af6 

xfd|f] b]znfO{ w]/} kmfO{bf x'G5 . 

pQm b]zsf] efiff ;:s[lt hfg]sf] 

JolQm ePdf sfd ug{ klg ;xh 

x'g] / s[6lglts ;DaGw /fd|f] 

x'g]5 . o; laifodf xfd|f] /fHo 

klg ;hu x'g' k5{ . 

oxfF u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 

Pgcf/PgP cleofgdf nfu]/ ug'{ 

ePsf sfo{x? atfO{ lbg'; g < 

xªsª a;fO{sf] #& jif]{ cg'ejn] 

dnfO{ w]/} s'/f l;sfPsf] 5 . Jokf/ 

Joj;fodf w]/} ;xefuL ePsf] sf/0f 

d xªsª Jokf/ ;+3sf] cWoIf ePsf] 

lyPF . To;} cj;/df ;g= @)!& df d}n] 

xªsªdf g]kfn 6«]8 km]o/ Jofkf/ d]nf 

cfof]hgf u/]+ . pQm sfo{qmdn] g]kfnL 

x:tsnfsf] laZj ahf/df klxrfg 

x'gsf ;fy} Joj;foLs lx;fjn] 

klg g]kfnL x:tsnfsf ;fdfgx? 

lgof{t x'g] qmd a9]sf] 5 . of] d]/f] 

sfo{sfo{sfnsf] c;n sfd xf] . 

lab]zsf] e'lddf a;]/ klg 

dg g]kfnL g} 5 eGg] cfefifsf 

;fy cfˆgf] b]zk|ltsf] lhDd]jf/L 

36]sf] 5}g . lab]zaf6 lkPr8L ug'{ 

ePsf 8f= dxfla/ k'gsf] cleofg 

/fli6«o cflj:sf/ s]Gb|sf] laifodf 

xfdL klg lrlGtt ePsf]n] pQm 

cfljisf/ s]Gb|nfO{ xªsªaf;L 

;fyLx?sf] ;xof]udf %% nfv 

?k}ofF g]kfnL /sd ;+sng ul/ 

/fli6«o cflj:sf/ s]Gb|sf cWoIf 

8f= dxfla/ k'gnfO{ x:tft/0f 

ug]{ sfd ul/of] . of] xfd|f] ;femf 

k|of;af6 ;Dej ePsf] xf] .o; 

sf/0f klg u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL 

;+3 Pgcf/PgP cleofgn] ;a}nfO{ 

Pslqt x'g ;xof]u u/]sf] pbf/x0f 

?kdf of] sfo{nfO{ lng ;lsG5 . 

dnfO{ g]kfn rfO{gf r]Da/ ckm 

sd;{n] lrgsf] l;r'jfg k|fGtsf] 

cj}tflgs /fhb't agfPsf] 5 . of] 

sfo{nfO{ cj;/sf] ?kdf lnO{ d}n] 

kf]v/f dxfgu/kflnsf / rfO{gfsf] 

O{legl;6L;+u ko{6g k|a4{g, 

Joj;foLs ;xsfo{ / ;fdfhLs 

cleofgsf] nflu ;Demf}tf u/fO{ 

;s]sf] 5' . of] sfo{nfO{ d't{ ?k 

lbg d lg/Gt/ nflu /x]sf] 5' . 

/ g]kfnsf] kmfO{bfsf] nflu g]kfnL 

k|ltlgwLnfO{ lrgsf k|ltlgwL;+u 

e]6 u/fO{;s]sf] 5' . 

g]kfn k|fs[lts lx;fjn] 

;DkGg d'n's xf] . oxfF x/]s 

k|sf/sf xfjfkfgL, efiff, e]if e'iff, 

hfthftL, ef}uf]lns lalawtf, 

;fF:s[tLs lalawtf h:tf laifo 

g]kfnsf] dxTjk'0f{ kIf xf] . o:tf] 

lalawtf o'Qm d'n'sdf ko{6gsf] 

;a} eGbf dxTjk'0f{ :yfg x'G5 . / 

b]z lasf;sf] Pp6f cfwf/ eg]sf] 

g} ko{6g xf] To;f] ePsf]n] ko{6g 

lasf;df nfu]sf] 5' . lab]zdf 

/xg' x'g] ;fyLx? ldn]/ g]kfnsf] 

xfO{8«f]df nufgL ug'{ k5{ eg]/ 

nfluk/]sf] 5' . b]zdf pTkflbt 

laB't lasf;sf] nflu lrg;+u 

5nkmn ul//x]sf] 5' . g]kfndf 

/x]sf] cf}Bf]lus If]qdf nufgL 

ul/ b]znfO{ kmfO{bf x'g] sfddf 

nflu/x]sf] 5' . :jefj}n] dflg; 

;fdflhs k|f0fL ePsf]n] d 

klg ;fdflhs sfddf laut 

nfdf] ;dob]lv g} ;lqmo 5' . 

b]znfO{ s;/L kmfO{bfhgs sfd 

u/]/ ;xof]u ug{ ;lsG5 eg]/ 

nfluk/]sf 5f}+ . Joj;flos 

lx;fjn] klg dflg; ;kmn x'g'k5{ 

eGg] dfGotfsf] ;fy g]kfndf 

xªsª / lrgsf] nufgL a9fpg 

kxnsbdL u/]sf] 5' . g]kfnLx? 

xªsª / lrgdf Joj;fo ug{ 

rfxG5g\ eg] pQm sfo{sf] 

;xhLs/0fsf] nflu ;xof]u ug{ 

tof/ 5' . To;}ul/ g]kfnL pBf]uL 

Joj;foLx?n] pTkfbg ug{' ePsf 

;fdfgx? lab]z s'g–s'g pTkfbg 

rfxL vkt x'G5g\ eGg] laifodf 

klg cWoog ul//x]sf] 5' . 

g]kfnLx?nfO{ Joj;flos ?kdf 

cufl8 a9fpg] sfo{df nflu/x]sf] 

5' . 

Joj;flos / ;fdflhs hLjg 

s;/L Joj:yfkg ug'{ePsf] 5 < 

Joj;flos hLjgdf 

Jo:t eP klg ;do arfP/ 


Pgcf/PgPsf] cleofgdf lg/Gt/ 

nflu/x]sf] 5' . clxn];Dd h'g 

If]qdf nfu]sf] ToxfFaf6 d ;Gt'i6 

5' / ;kmntf klg xft kf/]sf] 5' . 

;do / cg';fzg leq /x]/ sfd 

ug]{ xf] eg] ;fdflhs sfd ubf{ 

kmfO{bf x'G5 . ;fdflhs sfo{df 

nfUbf Ps k|sf/sf] g]6jls{ª 

eO{/x]sf] x'G5 . o;n] dflg;sf] 

JolQmut / Joj;flos hLjg b'j} 

kIfnfO{ ;xof]u k'lu/x]sf] x'G5 . 

To;sf/0f ;do / O{dfGbfl/tfnfO{ 

lg/Gt/tf lbg] xf] eg] hxfF h] z'? 

u¥of] ToxL ;kmn x' g ;lsG5 . 

clxn] s'g Joj;fodf Jo:t x'g'x'G5 

< 

d clxn] klg cfkm}+ sfd 

ul//x]sf] 5' / Joj;fo klg 

;+rfng ul//x]sf] 5' . g]kfnL ;'/Iff 

uf8{x?sf] dfu w]/} 5 . uf]vf{nL 

eg] kl5 a]Un} ;Ddfg 5 . d}n] 

xªsªdf u'vf{h u|'k ;+rfngdf 

NofPsf] 5' . g]kfnL e'k' ;]gf, 

k|x/Lx?nfO{ ;'/Iff uf8{sf] sfddf 

/fd|f] cj;/ 5 . Joj;flos / 

tflnd k|fKt dflg;x? k7fpg] xf] 

eg] ;a} b]zdf /fd|f] tnj ;'lawf 

kfpF5g\ . xªsªdf g]kfnLx?nfO{ 

;'/Iff uf8{sf] ?kdf /fd|f] ;Ddfg 

klg 5 . d}n] cfˆgf] sDkgLaf6 

lgdf{0f / lSnlgª sDkgL ;+rfngdf 

NofPsf] 5' . o;af6 d]/f] ToxfFsf 

gful/sx?;+u hg;Dks{ a9]sf] 5 

/ sfd ug{ ;xh / ;/n klg 

ePsf] 5 . sfdbf/x?sf] Ifdtf 

x]/]/ d}n] sfd lbO{/x]sf] 5' . 

xªsª a;fO{sf] qmddf d}n] w]/} 

;d'bfodf cfwfl/s sfdx? w]/} 

u/]sf] 5' . To;sf ;fy} cGo 

Jofkf/ Joj;fox? klg ;+rfng 

u/]sf] 5' . of] ;a} cj;/ eg]sf] 

;/sf/sf] :ki6 lglt / nufgLsf] 

jftfj/0f ePsf] sf/0f g} 

xf] . nufgL d}qL jftfj/0f eof] 

eg] ;a}n] ;fgf] nufgLdf klg 

;kmntf k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] 

dnfO{ laZjf; 5 . 

g]kfndf klg oxfFsf] Joj;fo 5 < 

xf] d}n] g]kfndf klg 

;]So'l/6L tflnd, lgdf0f{ sDkgL 

;+rfng u/]sf] 5' . of] klg 

;fdflhs sfo{ g} xf] . lsgeg] 

d}n] lab]zdf l;s]sf l;k tyf 

1fgnfO{ ;a} g]kfnLx?n] cj;/ 

kfpg eGg] d]/f] p2]Zo xf] . 

g]kfndf ;+rfng u/]sf Joj;fo 

dnfO{ kmfO{bfeGbf klg ;xof]uL 

efjgfn] ;+rfng ul//x]sf] 5' . 

o;df d v';L 5' g]kfnLx?nfO{ 

;xof]u ug{ kfPsf]df . d Ps 

u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL cleoGtfsf] 

x}l;otn] ;Dk'0f{ lab]zL e'dLdf 

/xg'ePsf ;fyLefO{x?nfO{ s] 

;'emfj lbg rfxG5' eg] tkfO{x?n] 

lab]zdf /xFbf l;Sg' ePsf] snf, 

l;knfO{ g]kfndf cfP/ l;sfpg' 

xf]; / cfkm'n] lab]z /xFbf cfh{g 

ug'{ ePsf] k};fnfO{ g]kfnd} nufgL 

u/]/ cfˆgf] ckgTjsf] efjgfaf6 

cufl8 a9\g'; / Joj;foL aGg'; 

eGg] ;Nnfx lbg rfxG5' . 

d}n] clxn];Dd g]kfnsf] tkm{af6 

t]hk|sfz k'g 

k"j{ sf]iffWoIf 

Pgcf/PgP cfO{;L;L 

ef]n]lG6o/ /fhb'tsf] ?kdf sfd 

ul//x]sf] 5' . 

cGTodf Pl;of Kofl;lkms 

;Dd]ngaf/] s]xL elglbg'; g < 

cGTodf u}/ cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL ;+3 Pgcf/PgPsf] 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ng 

xªsªdf x'g uO{/x]sf]n] To;sf] 

;kmntfsfnflu u}/ cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL ;+3 Pgcf/PgP xªsªsf 

cWoIfnufot ;a} ;fyLx? /ftlbg 

nflu/xg' ePsf] 5 . pxfFx?nfO{ 

xflb{s cfef/ k|s6 ug{ rfxG5' . 

hg;jfn klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt, sfof{noM b/af/dfu{, sf7df8f}+, kmf]g÷k\mofS;M )!–$@^%^(&÷$@@!*$(, d'b|sM PS;k|]; sn/ k|]; k|f=ln=, E-mail: janasawalnews@gmail.com, cWoIf÷;DkfbsM /fdhL aufn] 

To;}ul/ u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 

Pgcf/PgPsf] Pl;of Kofl;lkms 

;Dd]ng xªsªdf ;Dd]ng 

;kmn agfpg kfNg'ePsf ;Dk'0f{ 

kfx'gfx?nfO{ x[bo b]lvg} :jfut 

ug{ rfxG5' . oxfFx?sf] xªsª 

a;fO{ ;xh agfpg] g} 5f}+ . xfdL 

oxfFx?sf] :jfutsf nflu cft'/ 

5f}+ . oxfFx?sf] ef}lts pkl:ytL 

g} xfd|f] ;kmntf ePsf] x'gfn] 

k'gM Ps k6s ;Dk'0f{ k|ltlgwL 

tyf kfx'gfx?nfO{ xflb{s :jfut 

ug{ rfxG5' .

of] ;Dd]ngsf] ljleGg sf]0faf6 

b"/ufdL dxTj /x]sf] 5 

ls/0f ljqmd yfkf u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3-Pgcf/PgP_ 

sf] Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;+of]hs x'g'x'G5 . xfn;Dd Pgcf/Pg 

hfkfgsf] ;b:o, Pgcf/Pg hfkfgsf] cfO;L;L ;b:o b'O 

sfo{sfn, Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qsf] ;b:o Ps sfo{sfn, 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;+of]hs Ps sfo{sfn / clxn] bf];|f] 

sfo{sfndf klg Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;+of]hssf] ?kdf sfo{ef/ 

;Dxfln/xg' ePsf yfkf Pgcf/PgPsf cg'ejL cleoGtfsf 

?kdf kl/lrt x'gx'G5 . hfkfgdf ;kmn Joj;folsf] ?kdf 

klg lrlgg] yfkf clxn] Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ngsf] tof/Ldf 

Jo:t x'g'x'G5 . of] ;Dd]ngsf] ljleGg sf]0faf6 b'/ufdL dxTj 

/x]sf] atfpg] yfkf;“u ;Dd]ng / Pgcf/Pg cleofgaf/] 

ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/;+If]k M 

oxfFsf] k/b]z a;fO{ af/] atfO{lbg'; 

g < slxn] hfkfg l5g'{ eof] . Pgcf/PgPdf 

slxn]b]lv nfUg'eof] < 

d !((! df ljBfyL{sf] 

?kdf hfkfg cfP . w]/} ;+3if{ u/] . 

klxn]b]lv g} d]/f] :jfefj ;fdflhs 

sfo{df nflukg]{ ePsf]n] ubf{ @))& 

df Pgcf/PgP hfkfgdf cfj4 eO{ 

;fdflhs sfo{df ;lqmo /xFb} cfP . 

xfn;Dd d Pgcf/Pg hfkfgsf] ;b:o, 

Pgcf/Pg hfkfgsf] cfO;L;L ;b:o 

b'O sfo{sfn, Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qsf] 

;b:o Ps sfo{sfn, Pl;of Kofl;lkms 

;+of]hs Ps sfo{sfn / clxn] bf];|f] 

sfo{sfndf klg d Pl;of Kofl;lkms 

;+of]hssf] ?kdf g} 5' . 

xªsªdf olx l8;]Da/ * / ( df x'g 

nfu]sf] Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ng af/] s]xL 

atfO{ lbg'; g < s] s:tf] ljifoj:t'x?sf] 

p7fg x'g] 5 < 

of] ;Dd]ng Pl;of Kofl;lkmsdf 

/x]sf sl/a #) nfv g]kfnLx?nfO{ 

;d]6\g] a[xQ ;Dd]ng xf] . /, pxfFx?sf] 

cfkt ljkt, b'Mv ;'v / cGo 

ljleGg ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfgsf] d'n 

p2]Zo;lxt of] ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf 

x'g nfu]sf] xf] . ;fy}, lzIff, Jofkf/, 

nufl,L >d h:tf kIfx?df b]vf k/]sf 

ljleGg vfn] ;d:ofx?sf] ;Daf]wgsf] 

lglDt klg of] ;Dd]ngsf] dxTj /xg] 

5 . xfdLn] elgb} cfPsf] ;d[l4sf] ax; 

;d]t of] ;Dd]ngdf x'g] 5 . cfkm\gf] 

b]znfO{ s;/L ;d[4 agfpg] / cfkm\gf] 

b]z 5f8]/ k/b]lzPsf Pl;of Kofl;lkms 

If]qsf cfd ljBfyL{, >lds, Jofkf/L, 

nufgLstf{ nufotsf] ;xof]udf cfkm\gf] 

hGde"dLsf s] s:tf sfd ug{ ;lsG5 

eGg] ljdz{ klg x'G5 o; ;Dd]ngdf . 

;d[l4 klg w]/} yl/sf x'G5g . j}rfl/s 

;d[l4, zf/Ll/s ;d[l4, cfly{s 

;d[l4, ;f+:s[lts ;d[l4 / ;fdflhs 

;d[l4, /fhgLlts ;d[l4 nufot 

;Dk"of{ kIfx?df ;d[4tf Nofpgsf]nflu 

Pgcf/Pgsf] e"ldsf af/] klg a[xQ ax; 

x'g]5 . cem egf} t k/b]zdf l;s]sf] 1fg, 

l;k, IfdtfnfO{ s;l/ :jb]zdf n}hfg 

;lsG5 eg]/ xfdLn] a[xQ 5nkmn ug]{ 

5f}+ . dlxnfx?sf] xs, clwsf/, n}+lus 

lx+;f, Gofo / dlxnfx?sf] ;fdflhs 

;xeflutfsf] af/]df;d]t 5nkmn x'g]5 . 

;;fgf nuflgx? cfkm\gf] b]zdf leqfP/ 

; ;fgf 3/]n' pBf]ux?df nuflg ug{ 

;s]df To;af6 ;a}nfO{ /fd|f] x'g] s'/fsf] 

;d]t 5nkmn ub}{ 5f}+ . 

;Dd]ng ljZjrlr{t Jofkfl/s 

zx/ xªsªdf x'g nfu]sf] / 

;Dd]ngsf s[lif dGqL klg cfpgnfUg' 

ePsf]n] s[lif If]q, s[lif ko{6g / 

Jofkfl/larsf] cGt/;DaGwnfO{ 

s]nfP/ g]kfnsf] s[lif Jokf/nfO{ 

prfO{ lbg cfjZos ljleGg k|ljlwx? 

/ nuflgx?sf] vf]hL sfo{ ;d]t x'g] 

5 . elgG5 lg– pQd v]tL, dWod 

Jofkf/, sd;n hflu/ . jf:tjdf 

xfd|f] b]z ;d[4 x'G5 eg] Tof] s[lif, 

ko{6g / hnljB'taf6 dfq ;Dej 5 . 

oL tLg} kIfdf cfwf/ eP/ eP/ of] 

;Dd]ngdf a[xQ k|j{4gfTds 5nkmn 

x'g]5 . of] ;Dd]ngsf] ljleGg sf]0faf6 

b"/ufdL dxTj 5 . 

;Dd]ngdf slt dflg;x?sf] 

;xeflutf /xg]5g < 

;Dd]ngdf rLg, hfkfg, dsfp, 

dn]lzof, Dofgdf/, lkmlnlkG;, ;fpy 

sf]l/of, l;+ufk'/ / yfONof08 ;d]t 

!) d'n'sLo Pgl;;L u/L nueu @) 

eGbf a9L d'n'saf6 sl/j @)) hgf / 

xªsªaf6 nueu !%) hgf u/L hDdf 

#%) hgfsf] ;xeflutf /xg] cg'dfg 

ul/Psf] 5 . 

Pl;of Kofl;lkmssf d'n'sx?dWo] 

;a}eGbf a9L ;d:of / ;a}eGbf a9L g]kfnL 

sfdbf/x? ePsf] b]z eg]sf] dn]l;of xf] . 

dn];Lofsf] j}b]lzs /f]huf/LnfO{ s;/L 

x]g'{ePsf] 5 oxfFn] < 

xf] of] ;To xf] . dn]l;ofdf w]/} 

;d:ofx? 5g . To:tf ;d:ofx?sf] 

;dfwfgsf] nflu of] ;Dd]ngdf ljz]if 

5nkmn x'g]5 . ca ;s];Dd cfkm\g} 

b]zdf ljleGg cj;/x? vf]h]/ k/b]z 

/f]hufl/sf] nflu hfg] sfo{ ;s];Dd 

Go"lgs/0f ug'{ kb{5 xfdLn] . /, hfg]x?n] 

klg cfkm\gf] b]zdf ljleGg tflnd, lzk, 

efiff / 1fg xfFl;n u/]/ dfq hfg'kb{5 

k/b]z . h;n]ubf{ k/fO{sf] b]zdf 

sfd gkfpg], sfddf 7uL ug]{, tf]s] 

cg';f/sf] tna glbg], Pp6f sfddf 

cfPsf] dfG5]nfO{ cs}{ sfd nufOlbg] 

h:tf ljljw ;d:ofx?df km:g' kb}{g . 

of] ;Dd]ngsf] d'n p2]Zo eg]s} Pl;of 

Kofl;lkmsdf 

/x]sf g]kfnL 

sfdbf/x? jf 

>ldsx?sf] 

b'Mv, u'gf;f] / ;d:ofx?sf] ;'g'jfO{ / 

To;nfO{ s;/L ;dfwfg / Go"lgs/0f 

ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] ljifo g} xf] . 

of] ;Dd]ngaf6 g]kfn b]zn] s] 

ck]Iff ug{ ;S5 < 

jf:tjdf k/b]zdf uPsf 

g]kfnx?n] :jb]zsf] ;]jf / ljsf;df 

of]ubfg k'¥ofpg' ;a} u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnLx?sf] k|d'v stJo{ xf] . ;f]xL 

cg';f/ u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnLx?n] cfkm'n] 

k/b]zdf l;s]sf 1fg, lzk / Ifdtfsf] 

k|of]u u/]/ :jb]zsf] ljsf; / ;d[l4df 

6]jf k'¥ofj; eGg] ck]Iff b]zn] /fv]sf] 

5 . ;fy}, u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLx?n] 

g]kfndf ljleGg Jofj;fodf nfufgL 

leq\ofpg] 5g eGg] ck]Iff u/]sf] 5 . 

;Dd]ngdf ;+:yfsf]tkm{af6 sf]–sf] 

pkl:yt x'Fb}5 < 

;+:yfsf]tkm{af6 ;+:yfks 

cWoIf pk]Gb| dxtf], lg/frghL, lhjf 

nfld5fg]hL, 8f=z]if 3n]hL / ejg 

e§hLnufot JolQmx? cfpFb} x'g'x'G5 . 

Pl;of Kofl;lkmsdf sltj6f 

/fi6«x? 5g < 

rfOgf, xªsª, dsfp, tfOjfg, 

;fpy sf]l/of, hfkfg, yfONofG8, 

Dofgdf/, dn]l;of, OG8f]g];Lof, 

l;ªfk'/, a'?gfO{, lkmlnlkG;, sDaf]l8of 

cflb x'g . oL /fi6«x?df Pgcf/PgP 

lqmoflzn /x]sf] 5 . oL d'n'sx?sf] 

ljljw ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfgsf] lgldQ 

Pgcf/Pg ;b}j nflukb}{ cfPsf] 5 . 

;Dd]ngn] sf]l/ofdf uPsf 

>ldsx?af/] / hfkfgsf] ljBfyL{x? 

Pj+ >ldsx?af/] s'/f p7fg x'G5 sL 

x'Fb}g < 

xf] cjZo x'g]5 . xfdLn] ;d[l4 

eg]/ eg]sf 5f} t/ To;nfO{ xfdLn] 

:jo+ a'em]sf 5}gf} . ;d[l4 eg]sf] 

;j{k|yd j}rfl/s ;d[l4 klxnf] kIf xf] . 

b]z 5f8g'eGbf klxnf x/]s g]kfnLn] 

a'emg' kg]{ s'/f s] xf] eg] d >ldssf] 

?kdf uO{/x]sf] 5' jf ljBfyL{sf] ?kdf 

dLsf] ?kdf hfgnfu]sf] eP ToxfF 

hfg'k"j{ l;k l;Sg' k5{ . ljBfyL{sf] 

?kdf hfg nfu]sf] eP ptf uP/ k9fO 

Pgcf/PgP 

s 

@)&% d+l;/ @) ut], laxLaf/ 

5}6f}+ Plzof Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ng ljz]iff° Thursday 6 December 2018 

ls/0f ljqmd yfkf 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;+of]hs, Pgcf/PgP 

dfq ug'{ k5{ / k9fO k'/f u/]kl5 dfq 

>d cyf{t sfd ug'{ kb{5 . oxL kIfdf 

xfd|f] sldsf] sf/0f kl5Nnf] ;do 

hfkfg sf]/Lofdf ljljw ;d:ofx? 

cfO{/x]sf] b]lvG5 . o:tf ;d:ofsf]x? 

;dfwfgsf] lgldQ klg o; ;Dd]ngdf 

5nkmn x'g]5 . 

tkfO{ Pgcf/PgPdf cfj4 x'g'sf] 

sf/0f rflx+ s] xf]nf < 

ljz]if t ;dfh;]jf efjn] ubf{ xf] . 

/, b]zk|ltsf] k|]defj / stJo{af]wn] ubf{ 

o; ;+:yfdf cfj4 eP/ b]zsf] ;]jfdf 

nfu' eGg] kljq efjgfn] o; ljzfn 

;+:yfdf hf]8LP . ttkZrft lg/Gt/ 

o;} ;+:yfdfkm{t ;fdflhs sfo{df 

nflu/x]sf] 5' . 

Pgcf/Pgdf nfu]/ s] kfpg'eof] jf 

s] u'dfpg' eof] < 

oxfF d s]xL kfpg cfj4 ePsf] eg] 

x'Fb} xf]Og . /, u'dfPsf] klg s]lx 5}g . 

;dfh kljq dgn] ul/g] ePsf]n] dnfO{ 

s]xL kfpg' jf u'dfpg';Fu vf; dtna 

eg] 5}g . t/, lg/Gt/ oxL cleofgdf 

nflu/xbfF cfly{s kIf eg] u'd x'g] g} 

/x]5 . ;do klg u'd x'g] g} /x]5 . 

tkfO{ clxn] s] Jofj;fo 

ub}{ x'g'x'G5 < 

d}n] hfkfgdf b'O{vfn] Jofj;fo 

u5'{ . Pp6f g]kfndf ag]sf] x:tsnfsf] 

Jofkf/ . /, csf]{ /]i6'/]G6 Jofj;fo . 

d]/f] sDkgLsf] gfd ;f+lu|nf sDkgL xf] . 

oL Joj;fox?dfkm{t cfkm\gf] JolQmut 

hLjLsf]kfh{g /fd|f];Fu rln/x]sf] 

5 . ;fy}, yf]/ax't ;dfh;]jfdf ;d]t oL 

Joj;fon] ;xof]u k'/fPsf] 5 . 

cGtdf ;a}nfO{ ;d]6]/ cl3 a9g 

s:tf] ;Gb]; lbg'x'G5 < 

of] ;Dd]ng en} ;fgf] eP klg 

o; ;Dd]ngn] g]kfnnfO{ s;/L ;d[4 / 

ljsfl;t agfpg ;lsG5 eGg]af/]df 

a[xQ 5nkmn Pj+ k/fdz{ x'g] ePsf]n] 

of] ;Dd]ngsf] lgs} dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 . 

oxfFx?sf] pkl:yltn] g} ;Dd]ngnfO{ 

eAo agfpg] ePsf]n] cf cfkm\gf] 

/fo, ;'emfj / ;Nnfxx? af]s]/ s[kof 

;Dd]ngdf kflnlbg'ePdf ho ho x'g] 

5 . wGojfb . 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ng 

clxn];Dds} eJo If]lqo ;Dd]ng x'g]5 

/flwsf u'?ª -l6sf_ 

cWoIf, Pgcf/PgP xªsª 

/flwsf u'?ª -l6sf_ 

Pgcf/Pg xªsªsf] cWoIf 

x'g'x'G5 . u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL 

;+3 Pl;of Kofl;lkmssf] 5}6f}+ 

If]lqo ;Dd]ang tyf k|yd dlxnf 

;Dd]ng cfufdL l8;]Da/ * / ( 

tfl/vsf lbg xªsªdf x'“b}5 . 

;Dd]ng tof/L ;ldltsf] ;lrjsf] 

dxTjk"0f{ lhDd]jf/Ldf /xg'ePsL 

u'?ª clxn] ;Dd]ng ;kmn kfg{ 

bQlrQ x'g'xG5 . o;} l;nl;nfdf 

;Dd]ngsf] tof/L / ;dd]ngsf] 

dxTjaf/] u'?ª;“u ul/Psf] 5f]6f] 

s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/;+If]k M 

Pgcf/Pg Pl;of 

Kofl;lkmssf] 5}6f}+ If]lqo ;Dd]ng 

tyf k|yd dlxnf ;Dd]ngsf] 

tof/Lsf] cj:yf s:tf] 5 < 

;Dd]ngsf] lhDd]jf/L 

kfPsf] xªsªn] tLa|?kdf cfkm\gf] 

tof/L ul//x]sf] 5 . ;Dd]ng 

tof/Ls} nflu If]qLo ;ldlt 

;d]t u7g ul/Psf] 5 . xfdLn] 

;du|df ;Dd]ngsf] nueu 

&) k|ltzt k"j{tof/L ;DkGg 

ul/;s]sf 5f}+ . ;Dd]ng tyf 

a}7s xªsªl:yt xfj{/ u|f08 

sf}nFg xf]6ngdf ug]{ to 

ul/;s]sf 5f}+ eg] cltlyx?nfO{ 

lgdGq0ff, sfo{qmd 9fFrf 

nufot cGo ;Dk"0f{ tof/Lx? 

rln/x]sf] 5 . 

xªsª PSn}n] dfq 

;Dd]ng tof/L ul//x]sf] 5 

ls If]qLo:t/af6 klg tof/L 

rln/x]sf] 5 < 

a}7s tof/Lsf nflu If]qLo 

;+of]hs ls/0f yfkf, ;x–;+of]hs 

ljgf]b s'Fj/ / kf/;dl0f kf]v/]n 

;fy} k|To]s b]zsf cWoIf;lxtsf] 

;ldlt ;d]t u7g ul/Psf] 

5 . Pgcf/PgP xªsªsf] cWoIf 

cyf{t d :jo+ klg j}7s 

cfof]hs ;ldltsf] ;lrj eP/ 

sfd ul//x]sf] 5' . 

a}7snfO{ ;kmntfsf 

;fy ;DkGg ug{ :yfgLo 

?kdf cWoIfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf 

sfo{;ldlt, ;+/Ifs ;ldlt, 

;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt nufot 

;lDdlnt !!! hgfsf] tof/L 

;xof]uL ;ldltsf] ;d]t u7g 

ul/Psf]n] ;f]xL cg';f/ tof/L 

rln/x]sf] 5 . 

;Dd]ngsf] d'Vo Ph]G8f 

s] xf] < 

æ;d[4 g]kfnsf nflu 

nufgL / /f]huf/, bflxTj 

;lxt u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLnfO{ 

clwsf/Æ eGg] d'n gf/f /x]sf] 

of] ;Dd]ngsf] d'Vo Ph]08f g} 

oxL gf/f xf] . /, xfdLn] oxL 

ljifodf s]lGb|t eP/ ljleGgvfn] 

5nkmnx? cufl8 a9fpg]5f}+ . 

;Ddn]gdf slt dflg;x?sf] 

;xeflutf /xg] cg'dfg 

ul/Psf] 5 < 

;Dd]ngdf rLg, xªsª, 

hfkfg, dsfp, dn]lzof, Dofgdf/, 

lkmlnlkG;, ;fpy sf]l/of, l;+ufk'/ 

/ yfONof08 ;d]t !) d'n'sLo 

Pgl;;L u/L nueu @) eGbf 

a9L d'n'saf6 sl/j @)) hgfsf] 


5 . of] ;Dd]ngdf Pgcf/PgPsf 

;+:yfks cWoIf 8f pk]Gb| dxtf]b]lv 

k"j{ cWoIfx? / jt{dfg cWoIf 

ejg e6\6;Dd kfFr} hgf cWoIfsf] 

pkl:yt /xg]5 . of] ;Dd]ng If]qLo 

;Dd]ngx?dWo] clxn];Dds} eJo 

;Dd]ng x'g]5 . 

;Dd]ngsf] sfo{qmd 9fFrf 

s:tf] 5 < 

;Dd]ngsf] klxnf] lbg 

g]kfnaf6 k|d'v cltlysf] ?kdf 

kfNg'x'g] dGqLHo"af6 sfo{qmdsf] 

pb\3f6g sfo{qmdsf ;fy} k|ltlglwTj 

btf{ nufotsf sfo{qmdx? /x]sf 

5g eg] bf];|f] lbg ljleGg 5nkmn 

u/L a}7s ;DkGg ul/g] sfo{qmd 

/x]sf] 5 . 

;Dd]ngdf 5nkmn ul/g] 

cGo s] s:tf ljifox? 5g < 

;Dd]ngdf 5nkmnsf] nflu 

ljleGg ljifox? 5g . h:t}– 

gfu/Lstf ;DjlGw 5nkmn, 

/f]huf/L ;DjlGw 5nkmn, 

PgcfPgP d'n'sx?df JofKt 

ljleGg ;d:ofx?, xªsªsf 

;d:ofx?, eLhf ;d:ofx?, 

dlxnflx+;fsf s'/fx?, dxLnf 

Pstf / g]t[Tjsf] s'/fx? nufot 

cGo ljljw kIfdf uxg 5nkmn 

ul/g] 5 . 

oqf] ;Dd]ng eJo tl/sfn] 

x'Fb} 5 . vr{ Joj:yfkg s;/L 

eO/x]sf] 5 < 

vr{sf] ;jfndf eg] 

PgcfPgsf ;a} tx / tKsfaf6 

xfdLn] ;oxf]u kfPsf 5f}+ . ;fy}, 

JolQmut ?kdf klg ljleGg 

JolQmTjx?n] ;xof]u ug'{ePsf] 5 . 

cGtdf s] eGg rfxg'x'G5 < 

clxn] vf;df ;Dd]ngsf] 

nflu cfjZos tof/L sfo{ g} 

rln/x]sf] 5 . h;sf nflu l;uf] 

;ldlt;Fu} Pgcf/Pg xªsªsf] 

6f]nL klg nfluk/]sf 5f} + . of] 

;Dd]ngdf Pgl;;L d'n'sn] dfq 

x}g xªsªsf] ;fwf/0f ;b:ox?n] 

;d]t efu lng kfpg] ePsf]n] 

pxfFx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] ;d:ofx? /fVg] 

;'gf}nf] cj;/ klg xf] .

{ 

{ 

v 

@)&% d+l;/ @) ut], laxLaf/ 


Pgcf/PgP 


g]kfnnfO{ ;a}eGbf a9L dfof 

Pl;of Kofl;lkmssf g]kfnLn] g} u5{g 

Pl;of Kofl;kmsdf /x]sf g]kfnLx?sf] 

cj:yf s:tf] 5 < 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qdf w]/} g]kfnLx? 

/f]huf/Lsf l;nl;nfdf cfpg] u/]sf 5g eg] 

Jofkf/L / ljBfyL{x?sf] ;+Vof klg /fd|} /x]sf] 

5 . dn]l;of w]/} g]kfnL >lds ePsf] b]z xf] 

eg] sf]l/of, hfkfg, xªsª, rfOgf nufotsf 

b]zdf eg] ljBfyL{, Jofkf/L, sfdbf/nufot 

ljleGg sfo{If]qsf g]kfnLx? /x]sf 5g . hfkfg, 

sf]l/of nufotsf b]zx?df eg] h:tf] hflu/ 

cyf{t sfd gePsf]n] ubf{ ;d:of 5 t/ lt 

;d:ofx? xn klg e}/x]sf 5g . cGo b]zdf 

ljBfyL{sf ;d:of b]lvG5g eg] dn]l;ofdf 

>ldssf] ;d:of 7"nf] 5 . dn]l;ofdf h:tf] 

xªsª, sf]l/of, hfkfg, l;+ufk'/, yfONof08df 

eg] Pp6f l;:6ddf uO;s]sf] x'gfn] dhb'/df 

Tolt ;d:of /x]sf] kfO{+b}g . dhb'/, Jofkf/L 

;a}sf] cf–cfˆg} ;d:of x'G5g . t/, Pl;of 

Kofl;lkmsaf6 g]kfn ef}uf]lns ?kdf glhs 

ePsf] x'gfn] u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLx?df a9L 

nufgLsf s'/f cfpg] u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnnfO{ a9L 

dfof ug]{ / nufgL k|fyldstfdf /fVg] sfddf 

Pl;of Kofl;lkmsaf6 xfdLn] dxTjk'0f{ e'ldsf 

v]ln/x]sf 5f}+ . 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qaf6 g]kfnsf] nflu 

s]xL of]hgfx? agfpg' ePsf] 5 < 

xfdLx?n] Pl;of Kofl;lkmsaf6 eGbf klg 

;du| Pgcf/Pgaf6 nufgL s;/L Nofpg] eg]/ 

nufgLsf] af/]df clxn] Ph]08f agfO/x]sf 5f} + . 

/, ljleGg 7fpFdf nufgL klg ul/x]sf 5f} + . of] 

k6ssf] Pgcf/Pgsf] sfo{;ldltn] cem a[xt 

?kdf nufgL leqfpg] eg]/ Ph]08fx? agfPsf 

5g . Pl;of Kofl;kmssf] s'/f ubf{ d /x]sf] b]z 

sf]l/ofaf6} klg nufgL leqfpg] s'/fdf d cfkm} 

klg nflu/x]sf] 5' . xfdLn] Pp6f O{Ge]i6d]06 

sDkgL agfPsf 5f}+ . ;f]xL dfkm{t g]kfnsf] 

xfO{8«f] / 6'l/hd ;]S6/df ;fd'lxs nufgL ;d]t 

ul/;s]sf 5f} + . o;nfO{ cem a[xt lsl;dn] 

;a}nfO{ ;d]6]/ n}hfg xfdL k|of;/t 5f} + . h:t} 

xfdLn] sf7df8f} +df …df]gf]/]nÚ agfpFb} 5f} + . @% 

d]ufjf6sf] xfO{8«f] kfj/ k|f]hS6df d cfkm} cWoIf 

eP/ sfd ul//x]sf] 5' . pQm xfO8«f]sf] lznfGof; 

cfpg] l8;]Da/ leqdf ug]{ s'/fx? klg e}/x]sf] 

5 . To:t}, sf]l/ofsf] s[lif k|ljlw / s[lif Joj:yf 

ax't /fd|f] ePsf]n] o:tf] k|ljlw / Joj:YfnfO{ 

xfdLn] g]kfndf s;/L n}hfg ;lsG5 eg]/ Pl;of 

Kofl;kmssf ;fyLx? af]nfP/ ljleGg lsl;dsf 

6« ]lgªx? lbg] sfd klg ul/x]sf5f} + . To;df xfdLn] 

w]/} k|rf/ u/]/ eGbf klg w]/} sfd u/]/ b]vfpg' 

k5{ eGg] d]/f] p2]Zo 5 . 

o; If]qdf /x]sf g]kfnLx?n] s]–s:tf] 

;d:of ef]lu/x]sf 5g < 

Pl;of Kofl;lkmssf klg k|To]s b]zdf 

cf–cfˆgf] ;d:ofx? 5g . ldl8n O:6df 

t emg 7'n} ;d:ofx? /xL/x]sf] kfOG5 . 

sf]l/ofsf] s'/f ubf{ oxfF sfo{/t g]kfnLx? a9L 

:6]«;df /x]sf kfOG5g . sf]l/ofdf $% xhf/ 

g]kfnLx? /x]sf]df *) k|ltzt dhb'/ /x]sf 

5g . efiff l;s]/ cfpFbf klg w]/} ;d:ofx? 

5g–h:t} uf¥xf] sfd x'G5, !@ 306f eGbf 

a9L sfd ug{' kg]{ x'G5 . sDkgL km]g{ gkfOg] 

;d:ofx?nufotsf ;d:ofx? ;do–;dodf 

cfO/x]sf 5g . csf]{ s'/f ljBfyL{ efO{x? 

hfkfg, sf]l/ofdf lgs} cfO/x]sf 5g . Pl;of 

Kofl;lkmsdf ljBfyLx?nfO{ kf6{ 6fOd sfdsf] 

klg a9L ;d:of eOlbG5 . sf]l/ofd} eGg'kbf{ 

hxfFklg sfd ug]{ l;:6d 5}g, sfd ug]{ klg 

;Lldt 6fOd x'G5, To:tf] l;ldt ;do dfq 

sfd ubf{ b}lgs vr{ rNb}g . To;sf/0f 

;/sf/n] ljBfyL{x? cfpFbf oxfFsf] ;/sf/;Fu 

;xsfo{ u/]/ Pp6f gLlt agfP/, sfd 

ug]{ cfwf/x? tof/ u/]/ k7fP ljBfyL{x?nfO{ 

;lhnf] x'g] lyof] . 

g]kfnaf6 k};f NofP/ t k9g ;lsb}g t/ 

!( aif{sf] pd]/df blIf0f sf]l/of l5/]sf ljgf]b s'Fj/sf] g]kfneGbf a9L 

;do sf]l/ofdf g} ljlt/x]sf] 5 . b'O{ jif{dfq sf]l/ofsf] cg'ej lng] / b]zd} 

s]xL u5{' eGg] ;kgf lnP/ l5/]sf s'Fj/ clxn] sf]l/ofdf ;kmn Joj;foL ag]sf 

5g . g]kfn / sf]l/ofaLr 6]«l8ª Joj;fosf] cnfjf /]i6'/]06 Joj;fo ul//x]sf 

s'Fj/ /]ld6ofG;sf] Joj;fodf klg ;+nUg 5g . sf]l/ofn] nuglzntf, kf}/vLkg 

/ gofF lehg lbPsf] atfpg] s'Fj/n] sf]l/odf k9]/ eGbf k/]/ Jofjxf/Ls lzIff 

xfFzLn u/]sf] atfpF5g . Joj;fosf] cnfjf ;fdflhs sfddf klg ;lqmo s'Fj/ 

Pgcf/Pg Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qLo pk;+of]hs x'g . Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qdf 

/x]sf g]kfnLx?n] g} g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf w]/} dfofF ug]{ atfpg] s'Fj/n] :jb]zdf 

nufgL klg NofO/xg'ePsf] 5 . Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qLo pk;+of]hs ljgf]b 

s'Fj/;Fu Pgcf/Pg cleofg, Pl;of Kofl;lkmsdf /x]sf g]kfnLx?sf] cj:yf / 

pgsf cg'ejx?af/] ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/;+If]k 

cfˆgf] Ifdtfcg';f/ kl/>d u/]/ k9g kfpg] 

clwsf/ JolQmdf x'g'k¥of] . csf]{ s'/f sf]l/ofsf] 

dhb'/ s} s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] /fhb'tfjf;df l;ldt 

sd{rf/Lx? x'g'x'G5 . ;Lldt sd{rf/Ln] ;a} 

lt/ Eofpg uf¥xf] 5 . ;/sf/n] s] ;f]Rg'k¥of] 

eg] *) k|ltzt dhb'/n] k};f k7fpg] b]zdf 

;/sf/Lsf] pkl:ylt /fd|f] x'g h?/L 5 . o'/f]k, 

cd]l/sf eGbf klg Pl;of Kofl;lkmsdf sdfPsf] 

k};f t ;a} g]kfn hfg] x'gfn] g]kfndf cfo 

>f]tsf] of] 7'nf] >f]t xf] . To;sf/0f ;/sf/n] 

klg sfdbf/x?sf /f]huf/Lsf] l;nl;nfdf cfO 

kg]{ ljleGg 36gfx?, ladf ;d:ofx? nufot 

cGo ljljw ;d:ofx?nfO{ /fd|f] ;Fu ;Djf]wg 

u/]b]lv sfd ug]{x?nfO{ klg pT;fx ldN5 . 

sf]l/ofdf w]/} g]kfnLx?n] cfTdxTof u/]sf] 

;'lgG5, o:tf] lsg eO{/x]sf] 5 < 

sf]l/of eg]sf] w]/} d]xgt ug]{ b]z xf] . 

sfd u/]/ g} wgL ePsf] b]z xf] . g]kfnLx?sf] 

s8f kl/>d ug]{ afgL 5}g . oxfF cfPkl5 s8f 

kl/>d / vfgf gldNg] x'g;S5 . ufpFdf uP/ 

Pp6f v]tsf] s'gfdf uP/ sfd ug{' kg]{ ;d:of 

x'g;S5 . h;n] ubf{ PSnf]kgf cg'e'lt x'G5 . 

g]kfnLx? ljsl;t b]zdf cfPsf] 5' eGg] ;f]r]/ 

cfPsf x'G5g . cyf{t, of] eGbf /fd|f] hfg] 

7fFp c? 5}g eGg] ;f]r]/ cfPsf x'G5g . sxfF 

sxfF k/b]zL lj/fgf] ufFpdf sfd ul//x]sf] a]nf 

cfkm\gf] ufFp ;lDembf lj/QmL efj k}bf x'G5 / 

g]kfn g} kmls{pF eg] klg cfˆgf] cfly{s cj:yf 

sdhf]/ 5 eGg] h:tf] bf]xf]/f] tgfj x'G5 . csf]{ 

s'/f, 3/kl/jf/sf] klg tgfj x'G5 . o:t} ljljw 

sf/0fn] klg cfTdxTofsf] 36gf x'g] u/]sf] 

b]lvG5 . To;sf/0f d kl/jf/ / O{i6ldqnfO{ s] 

eGg rfxG5' eg] sd;]sd cfˆgf] dfG5];Fu …sLk 

Og 6rÚ cyf{t lgoldt ;Dks{df /x]/ ;Nnfx 

tyf ;'efjx? lbg'eof] eg] o:tf cfTdxTofsf 

36gfx? sd x'G5 . ˆofS6«Ldf a9L sfd x'g] 

ePsf]n] cf}wf]lus 36gfx? klg a9L ePsf 

5g . nfdf] ;do;Dd sfd ug{'kg]{ ePsf] x'gfn] 

zl// af]em eO;s]sf] x'G5 h;n] ubf{ o:tf 

36gfx? x'G5g . dfG5]x? ;'t]sf] 7fpFd} lgwg 

x'g] 36gfx? klg 36]sf 5g . uf¥xf] sfd ug]{ 

ePsf] x'gfn] zl//n] Jofn]G; lbg ;Sb}g h;n] 

ubf{ To:tf 36gfx? x'G5g . 

To;sf/0f ;a} ;fyLx? nufot ;+:yfdf 

ePsf ;fyLx?nfO{ s] eGg rfxG5' eg]– dhb'/ 

;fyLx?, Jofkf/L ;fyLx? / ljBfyL{x?nfO{ cfkm'n] 

hf] ;s]sf] ;/;xof]u, lgoldt ;xsfo{ / lgoldt 

;Dks{ ug{ ;lsof] eg] o:tf 36gfx?df kSs} klg 

sdL cfpg]5 . o:tf 36gf Go"gLs/0fsf] lgldQ 

/fhb"tfjf;n] klg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x gu' {kg] 

b]lvG5 . cyf{t, b"tfjf;df bf]efif] /fVg], dhb'/ 

;fyLx?n] h'ga]nf klg kmf]g u/]/ cfkm\gf b'Mv 

kL8fx? kf]Vg ;Sg] 5'§} Pp6f sn ;]G6/ :yfkgf 

ug] { h:tf sfdn] o:tf b'MvbfoL 36gfx?df 

sdL Nofp5 . 

Pl;of Kofl;lkmsdf g]kfnLx?sf] nflu 

;Defjgf s:tf] 5 < 

Pl;of Kofl;lkmsdf /x]sf g]kfnLx?n] 

otf cfpFbf Pp6f /fd|f] cfh{g ug{ ;S5g . 

g]kfn / Pl;of Kofl;lkms Psbd glhs 5 . 

clg xfdLx?n] :jb]zdf l;s]sf 1fg, ;Lk / 

Ifdtfx? k|of]u klg oxfF x'G5 . oxfFsf] / g]kfnsf] 

sNr/x? w]/} s'/fx? ldN5g . /, oxfFsf ljleGg 

k|fljlwx?nfO{ g]kfndf klg k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . 

Pl;of Kofl;lkmss} ;fyLx?n] cfkm'n] l;s]sf 

s'/fx? g]kfndf nu]/ k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . 

clxn] w]/} ljBfyL{ ;fyLx?n] oxfF lkPr8L ug{' 

ePsf] 5 . pxfFx?nfO{ g]kfn nu]/ k|of]u ug{ 

;Sg] ;Defjgf klg Pl;of Kofl;kmsd} 5 . 

g]kfnL ljZjdf 5l/P/ a;] klg xfdL g]kfn 

glhs} Pl;of Kofl;lkmsdf ePsf] x'gfn] 

xfdLn] k};f dfq gk7fP/ 1fg, ;Lk / Ifdtfsf] 

klg :jb]zdf s;/L k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 Totf 

lt/ klg ;f]Rg'kg]{ b]lvG5 . k};f afF8g] sfd 

ljgf]b s'“j/ 

pk;+of]hs 


Pl;of Kofl;lkms 

dfq gu/f}+ a? k|fljlws sfdx? u/]/ b]vfcf}+ . 

PSn}n] of] ;a} sfd ug{ ;lsb}g . ToxL eP/ 

;a} ;fyLx? uf]na4 ?kdf cf–cfkm\gf] 7fFpaf6 

o;df nfUg'k5{ . 

sf]l/ofdf w]/} g]kfnLx?n] /fd|f] cfDbfgL 

ul//x]sf 5g t/ Tof] sdfO{sf] ;xL ;b'kof]u 

ePg eGg] ;'lgG5 lg < 

of] Psbd dxTjk'0f{ ;jfn p7fg 

ug'{eof] . oxfF sfo{/t g]kfnLx?df ;fd'lxs 

nufgL u/]/ g]kfndf s]xL pTkfbgd'ns u/f}+ 

eGg] ;a}sf] dgdf 5 . t/ nufgL ul/;s]kl5 

Tof] s;/L ;'/lIft x'G5 jf nufgL 8'A5 ls 

eGg] lrGtf 5 . dflg;n] nufgL u/]kl5 t 

kmfO{bf vf]H5 t/ kmfO{bf lbg] cfwf/x? g]kfnsf 

7'nf kl/of]hgfx?df b]lvb}g . ca ;fgf] s[lifdf 

nufgL u¥of} eg], Tof] klg t NofP/ a]Rg] 7fpF 

x'g'k¥of] . clxn] b]z ;+l3otfdf uO;s]sf] 5 

/ ;/sf/ klg :yfoL 5 . ca hgtfn] nufgL 

ubf{ ToxfFaf6 ;'/lIft / l56f] kmfO{bf cfpg] 

jftfj/0f ;/sf/n] agfpg' k5{ . pTkfbgd'ns 

eg]sf] g]kfndf xfO{8«f], ko{6g, s[lif nufot 

5g . To;nfO{ ;/sf/n] clnslt l56f], ;lhnf] 

/ ljb]zL 7'nf sDkgLnfO{ l56f] cfP/ sfd 

ug]{ jftfj/0f agfOlbof] eg] To:tf cfwf/ 

x?sf cfwf/df nufgL ug{ ;lhnf] x'GYof] . 

Pl;of Kofl;lkmssf ;fyLx? g]kfndf nufgL 

ug{ Psbd} cft'/ 5g lsgeg] of] eg]sf] 

o'/f]k cd]l/sf h:tf] ;Fw}e/L a:g] b]z x}g 

eGg] ;a}nfO{ yfxf 5 . oxfF eg]sf] kf}/v 

ug]{ / sdfpg] / hf]ufpg] dfq} xf] . /, 

hf]ufPsf] k};sf] ;b'kof]u t g]kfnd} nufgL 

ug]{ g} . t/, jt{dfg cj:yf;Dd sf]l/ofdf 

g]kfnLx?n] sdfPsf k};fnfO{ g]kfndf 

nuflgug]{ plrt jftfj/0f gePsf]n] ;xL 

;b'kof]u x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . 

Pgcf/Pg dfkm{t of] If]qsf] nflu tkfO{sf 

of]hgfx? s:tf 5g < 

xfdLx?sf] sfo{sfnsf] klg nueu cfwf 

cjlw ;dfKt eof] . xfd|f] Pp6f Ph]08f eg]sf] 

d]/f]tkm{af6 / Pl;of Kofl;lkmssf] ln8/sf] tkm{af6 

of] k6s b]zdf nufgLsf] jftfj/0f agfpg] 

/ nufgL leqfpg] eGg] g} lyof] . xfdLx?n] 

To;f] ul/klg /x]sf5f} t/ Tof] b]vLPsf] 5}g . 

;fob Ps 8]9 jif{df g]kfndf df]gf]/]n xfdLn] 

/fVb}5f}+ . To:tf] 7'nf] df]gf]/]n x}g Pp6f 6'l/hd 

df]g]/]n xf] . To;df ;a} Pgcf/Pgs} ;fyLx?n] 

nufgL u/]sf 5f}+ . o;/L Pp6f df]8]n b]vfof} 

eg] ef]ln uP/ ljZjf; cfpF5 Tof] eP kl5 

dfG5]x?n] n x} u/] x'Fbf] /x]5 eGg] jftfj/0f 

aG5 . To;sf/0f ;aeGbf 7'nf] s'/f eg]sf] 

nufgL xf] . t/ ef]ln xfdL gkm:g] lsl;dsf 

nufgL ug]{ tof/L u/]sf 5f}+ . 

cGTodf s] eGg rfxg'x'G5 < 

u}/cfjfl;of g]kfnL ;+3 k/b]zdf a:g] 

g]kfnLx?sf] ;femf ;+u7g xf] eg]/ ;a}nfO{ 

yfxf ePs} s'/f xf] . d s] ;Nnfx lbg 

rfxfG5' eg] ;+:yfdf cfpg'eGbf klxnf cfkm' 

aGg'xf]; . cfkm' gag];Dd g t ;+:yf aG5 g 

cfkm' algG5 . d}n] kfPsf] cg'ej d Pgcf/Pg 

sf]l/ofsf] cWoIf b'O{ k6s cfkm}n] rnfO{;s], d 

;b:o x'Fbfb]lv rNb} cfPsf] cg'ejsf] cfwf/df 

s] eGg rfxfG5' eg] tkfO{x?sf] kfnf] 5, 

lg/Gt/ nfUg'xf]; ;+:yfdf t/ cfˆgf] 3/kl/jf/ 

/ ;do aaf{b kf/]/ gnfUg'; . lsgeg] To;n] 

ef]ln 7'nf] k5'tf] agfp5 . lsgeg] ;+:yfn] 

vfg lbg] s]xL x}g, nfpg lbg] s]xL x}g . ToxL 

eP/ klxnf cfˆgf] cfly{s cj:yf agfpFb} hfg] 

/ ;+:yfdf ln8/l;k eGbf klg tn–tnaf6 

l;Sb} cfpg] / cfˆgf] :t/ a9fpFb} cfof} eg] 

of] ;+:yfn] klg w]/} s'/f l;sfp5 . csf]{ s'/f 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms eg]sf] oxfF cfP/ 1fg l;s]/, 

sdfP/ cfˆg} b]z hfg] 7fFp xf] . t/ cfpg' 

eGbf cl3 lglZrt p2]Zo af]s]/ cfpg' eof] 

eg] ;kmn klg x'g ;lsG5 . 

k|yd dlxnf e]nfn] ‘dlxnf 

;zQmLs/0f / Pstf’sf] ;Gb]z lbg]5 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3sf] cleofgdf clxn] dlxnfx?sf] pkl:ylt 

/ ;lqmotf al9/x]sf] 5 . of] cleofgdf ;lqmo eP/ nfUg] dlxnfsf] 

gfddf cu|k+lQmdf cfpg] gfdx?df Pp6f gfd xf], h'g' u'?ª . blIf0f 

sf]l/ofdf /x]/ …j'dg km/ j'dgÚsf] ;kmn g]t[Tj lgefO;Sg'ePsL u'?ª 

clxn] Pgcf/PgPsf] Pl;of Kofl;lkms dlxnf ;+of]hssf] e"ldsfdf 

x'g'x'G5 . Pl;of Kofl;lkmsdf /x]sf b]zsf Pgcf/PgPdf 5'§f–5'§} 

dlxnf ljefu u7g ub}{ dlxnfx?sf] ;lqmotf a9fO/xg'ePsL u'?ªs} 

g]t[Tjdf oxL l8;]Da/ * / ( df xªsªdf klxnf] Pl;of Kofl;lkms 

If]qLo dlxnf e]nf;d]t x'Fb}5 . dlxnfx?sf] Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qLo 

e]nfn] …dlxnf z;QmLs/0f / PstfÚ sf] ;Gb]z lbg] hgfOPsf] 5 . 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms b]zdf /x]sf g]kfnL dlxnfx?sf] clwsf/ /Iffsf 

nflu Pgcf/PgPsf] e"ldsf / g]kfn ;/sf/sf] rf;f] a9fpg k|yd 

dlxnf e]nf ;kmn x'g] u'?ªsf] bfjL 5 . Pl;of Kofl;lkms b]zdf 

/x]sf dlxnfx?sf] ljifodf If]qLo dlxnf ;+of]hs h'g' u'?ª;Fu ul/Psf] 

5f]6f] s'/fsfgL M 

tkfO{x?n] xªsªdf klxnf] 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qLo dlxnf 

e]nf cfof]hgf ub} { x'g'x'G5, s:tf] 

x'Fb}5 e]nf < 

xf], xfdLn] klxnf] k6s 

dlxnfx?sf] Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qLo 

e]nf cfof]hgf ub}{ 5f} . xfd|f] d"Vo 

pb]Zo eg]s} …dlxnf z;QmLs/0f 

/ PstfÚ xf] . Pl;of Kofl;lkmsdf 

/x]sf dlxnfx?nfO{ cfkm}+ nufgL 

u/]/ :jfanDjL / cfTdlge{/ 

aGg' k5{ eGg] clek|fo e]nfsf] 

/xg]5 . To;}u/L Pl;of Kofl;lkms 

If]qsf dlxnfx?sf] ;d:of / 

;dfwfgsf ljifodf Pgcf/Pg / 

g]kfn ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg] 

sfd e]nfn] ub{5 . Pl;of Kofl;kmssf 

b]zdf /x]sf Pgcf/Pg dlxnf 

;+u7gsf] k|ult ljj/0f k|:t't x'g'sf 

;fy} efjL sfo{qmdx? klg to x'g] 

5g\ . To;}u/L dlxnfsf] :jf:Yo, 

hg]tgf / hfu/0f km}nfpgsf nflu 

ljb]z b]lv :jb]z;Dd ljleGg 

sfo{qmdx? ug{sf nflu e]nfdf 

Jofks 5nkmn x'g]5 . 

tkfO{ u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 

Pl;of Kofl;lkmssf] dlxnf ;+of]hssf] 

gftfn] o; If]qdf /x]sf dlxnfx?sf] 

ljifodf tyf pgLx?sf] d'2fx?df 

tkfO{n] s] ul//xg'ePsf] 5 < 

ha d lgjf{lrt eP/ cfP, 

sf]l/ofnufot Pl;ofnL d' 'n'sdf 

hlt klg Pgcf/PgPsf ;+u7gx? 

lyP . sltko 7fpFdf dlxnf 

;+u7gx? lyPgg\ . Tof] dlxnf 

;+u7gnfO{ Pgcf/Pg Pg;L;L 

dlxnf ;+of]hsdfkm{t jxfFx?sf] 

;+of]hsTjdf d]/f] ln8/l;kdf 

k|To]s Pgcf/PgP leq dlxnf 

;+u7g lj:tf/ ub}{5' . klxnf t 

xfdL g} ;+ul7t x'g h?/L 5 . 

xfdL ;+ul7t x'g ;lsof] eg] dfq 

xfd|f dfu tyf d'2fx?sf] ;'g'jfO{ 

x'G5 eGg] dfGotfsf ;fy cufl8 

a9]sf 5f} . 

s'g–s'g b]zdf dlxnf ;+u7g 

la:tf/ ul/;Sg'eof] clxn] < 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms leqsf] dlxnf 

sf]l8{g]6/x?sf] lardf d}n] Pp6f u| 'k 

agfPsf] 5' . of] u| 'kdf xfd|f] k|To]s 

dlxgf ldl6ª x'G5 . ToxL ldl6ªaf6 

g} kfl/t eP/ hfkfg, xªsª, dsfp, 

l;+ufk'/, yfO{Nof08df dlxnf ;+u7g 

u7g eO;s]sf] 5 . dn]l;ofdf 

klg ev{/} u7g ePsf] 5 . ljleGg 

sfo{qmdx? h:t} tLhnufot c? 

/fd|f sfo{qmdx? klg ul/;s]sf 5f} / 

c? b]zx?df klg ;+u7g la:tf/ ug]{ 

Pp6f kf]lhl6e ;Gb]z cfPsf] 5 . 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qdf 

ljz]ifu/L dlxnfx?sf ;d:of s] 

/x]5g\, tkfO{x?n] p7fpg'kg] ] d'2f of] 

If]qdf s:tf]–s:tf] kfpg'eof] < 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qdf 

dlxnfx?sf] k|d'v ;d:of / k'?ifsf 

;d:of p:tfp:t} 5g\ . t/, 

k'?ifeGbf dlxnf s]xL dfqfdf ln+usf 

cfwf/df kLl8t ePsf] kfOG5 . rfx] 

Tof] dflnsaf6 xf];\ rfx] sfd ug]{ 

7fpFdf g} . xfn;fn}sf] ;d:ofsf] 

s'/f ubf{ dlxnfx? cln a9L 

la/fdL x'g], ljb]zL jf sf]l/og;Fu 

lax] u/]/ cfP/ ljleGg b]zdf uP/ 

a]/f]huf/ aGg], To:tf] lsl;dsf] 

;d:ofx? 5 . o;nfO{ xfdL 

ljleGg sfo{qmddfkm{t cleofg 

rnfP/ Pl;of Kofl;lkms leqsf] 

Pgcf/PgPdf dlxnfnfO{ ;zQm / 

lzlIft agfpg], ;+:yfut agfpg] 

lsl;dsf] cleofg rnfpg]5f} . ;'?df 

;+ul7t ePkl5 cleofg yfNg]5f} . 

t/, Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qdf 

t'ngfTds ?kdf k'?ifx? eGbf a9L 

dlxnfx? ;d:ofdf /x]sf 5g\, h:t} 

dn]lzof, yfONof08 nufotdf klg 

ljleGg km/svfnsf ;d:ofx? 5g\ . 

tkfO{ cfkm} Pp6f dlxnf ePsf] gftfn] 

s] eGg rfxg'x'G5 < 

d]/f] ;f]rfOdf dlxnf k'?if 

Pp6} x'g . ;a}sf] plQs} ;f]Rg] Ifdtf 

/ sfd ug]{ Ifdtf x'G5g\ . zlQmsf] 

s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] clnslt a9L xf]nf 

k'?ifdf, t/ sfd ug]{ z}nL / ;f]Rg] 

z}nL p:t} } xf] . t/ xfd|f] ;dfh s:tf] 

5 eg] ha dlxnfx? ljb]zdf sfd 

ug{ hfG5g\, clnslt km/s d}n] s] 

kfP eg] jxfFx? sfd ubf{ sdhf]/ 

b]vfpg]x?n], ;dfhaf6 pgLx?x?nfO{ 

ljleGg s'/fx?af6 sdhf]/ dgl:ylt 

agfO;s]kl5 ToxfFaf6 sfd ug{ 

uf¥xf] x'g], k'?ifx?n] klg kmfO{bf lnP/ 

dfq} jxFfx?nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{nufotsf 

;d:ofx? b]lv/x]sf5f}+ . sf]l/ofdf 

klg d}n] b]Vb} cfPsf] ljjfx u/]/ 

cfPsf hlt klg dlxnfx? 5g\ 

jxfFx?nfO{ dfgl;s tgfj a9L lbP/ 

ljleGg ;d:ofx? eO/x]sf] lyof] 

clxn] Tof] w]/} sd 5 . 

Pgcf/PgPn] dlxnfx?sf] 

nflu ljz]if To:tf] s]xL sfo{qmdx? 

NofPsf] 5 < 

xfn;fn} xfd|f] cfO{l;l; dlxnf 

kmf]/daf6 Pp6f cleofg rnfpg 

vf]lh/x]sf 5f}+ . o'/f]k, cd]l/sflt/ 

Tof] ;'? klg e};s]sf] 5 / xfdLn] 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qleq klg s]xL 

;doleq} …One Person, One 

Dollar' sf] cleofg rnfpFb} 

5f} . Pl;of Kofl;kms leqsf] 

Pgcf/PgPdf hlt klg cfa4 

x'g'x'G5 of aflx/sf] O{R5's bfh'efO{ 

lbbLalxgLx?n] k|To]sn] Pgcf/Pg 

cfO{l;l; dlxnf kmf]/dnfO{ Ps 

JolQm, Ps 8n/ ;xof]u k|bfg ug{ 

;Sg'x'g]5 . of] cleofg ;'? u/]/ 

s]xL cfly{s sn]S;g ug]{5f} / 

h'g g]kfnsf] b'u{d If]qdf :jf:y 

h'g' u'?ª 

If]qLo dlxnf ;+of]hs 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms, Pgcf/PgP 

lzlj/ ;~rfng u/]/ o'6]/;, 

k|f]NofK; nufot ljleGg lsl;dsf 

dlxnfx?sf ;d:ofx?sf] pkrf/df 

;xof]u ug]{5f}+ . To;df xh'/x?sf] 

klg ;xof]u cfjZos 5 . 

t/ g]kfndf dlxnfx? ljb]z 

hfg'x' Fb}g, ToxfF a9L zf]lift x'G5g\ eGg] 

wf/0ff 5 . t/ tkfO{x? clwsf/sf 

lx;fan] xfdL ;Ifd 5f}+ eGg'x'G5 . 

dlxnf clwsf/sdL{ klg ePsf] gftfn] 

tkfO{n] eGg'kbf{ dlxnfx?sf] nfuL 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/ sltsf] pko'Qm xf] < 

d s] eGg rfxfG5' eg] ljb]z 

uP/ ;a} k'?ifn] k};f sdfpg 

;Sbf dlxnfn] klg sdfpg / 

sfd ug{ ;S5g . t/ cfTdan 

Psbd} b¥xf] agfP/, s'g} k'?if 

eGbf d sd 5}g, d sfd ug{ 

klg ;S5' h] ug{ klg ;S5' 

eGg] Pp6f c7f]6 lnP/ cl3 

a9]sf] v08df xfdL dlxnfx?sf] 

nfuL klg ljb]z /fd|f] 5 . xfdL 

dlxnfx?sf] clnslt cfTdan 

sdhf]/ x'g] / c?sf] s'/fdf 

a9L k|efljt tyf nfnflot x'g] 

sf/0fn] sdhf]/L b]vLPsf] xf] . 

jf:tjdf To:tf] dgl:yltdfq 

kl/j{tg u¥of} eg] xfdL s'g} klg 

7fpFdf sfd ug{ / k};f sdfpg 

;an 5f} . 

tkfO{ ljb]z hfg vf]lh/x]sf, 

kl/>d ug{ vf]lh/xg'ePsf, cfkm\gf] 

v'§fdf cfkm}+ pleg vf]lh/xg'ePsf 

dlxnf lbbLalxgLx?nfO{ s] ;Nnfx 

lbg rfxfg'x'G5 < 

hlt klg g]kfnL 

lbbLalxgLx? ljb]z hfg tof/L 

ub}{ x'g'x'G5 jf ljb]z hfG5' eGg] 

dgl:ylt agfpg'ePsf] 5 jxfFx? 

;a}nfO{ …xfdL s'g} k'?if eGbf sd 

5}}gf} / s'g} klg sfd ug{ Psbd} 

;Ifd 5f}+Ú eGg] c7f]6 ug{ cfu|x 

ub{5' . tkfO{x? h'g;'s} 7fpFdf 

a:g'x'G5, tkfO{x? PSn} lsg 

gxf];\, t/ ;xL tl/sfn] a:g';, 

;xL sfd ug'{;, ljb]z uP/ cfˆgf] 

kmfO{bfsf]nflu dfG5]sf] nfn;fdf 

km;]/ cfkm' sdhf]/ gaGg';\ . xfdL 

jL/ uf]vf{nLsf ;Gtfg xf}+ eGg] 

dgdf c7f]6 /fv]/ h'g;'s} b]zsf] 

h'g;'s} s'gfdf hfg'xf]; tkfO{x? 

Psbd} ;Ifd / ;'/lIft x'g'x'G5 . 

tkfO{x?nfO{ st} k'?if;Fu ;xof]u 

dfUg'kbf{ ;sf/fTds ?kn] ;xof]u 

dfUg'xf];\ jxfFx?n] klg cjZo 

;xof]u ug'{x'g]5 . tkfO{x? 

;Ifd eP/ k};f sdfpg' xf]nf, 

cfkm' hf]lvddf a;]/ s'g} klg sfd 

gug'{xf]nf, cjZo klg tkfO{sf] 

eljio ;'Gb/ 5 eGg rfxfG5' . 

rGb| axfb'/ u'?ª 

k|aGw lgb]{zs 

Pstf O{G6/g]zgn d]gkfj/ k|f=ln= kl/jf/ 

;fdfsf]zL, sf7df8f}+

g]kfnsf] cfly{s ;Da[l4sf] nflu 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3sf] dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg 5 

vu]G› Gof}kfg], u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 -Pgcf/PgP_ dn]l;fosf] 

cWoIf x'g'x'G5 . Pgcf/PgP cleofgsf] ;'?jft;Fu} olx cleofgdf 

;lqmo /xFb} cfpg'ePsf Gof}kfg] Pgcf/PgPdf ljleGg kbdf /lx 

lhDd]jf/L lgjf{x ul/;Sg'ePsf] 5 . Pgcf/PgPdf /x]/ s]lx lngsf] 

nflu eGbf lbgsf] nflu / ;du| g]kfnsf] cfly{s ;Da[l4sf] nflu sfd 

ul//x]sf] Gof}kfg] atfpF5g\ . dn]l;ofdf lkmn g]kfnL Joj;ofLsf];d]t 

5lj agfO;s]sf Gof}kfg] oxL l8;]Da/ * / ( df xªsªdf x'g] Pl;of 

Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL x'g] tof/Ldf 5g\ . o;} ;Gbe{df 

;du| Pgcf/Pg cleofg / Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ngdf s]lGb|t /x]/ 

Gof}kfg];Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/;+If]k M 

s] df Jo:t x'g'x'G5< 

d Joj;fo / ;dfh ;]jfdf g} 

Jo:t 5' . lab]zL e"lddf l;s]sf ;Lk 

tyf IfdtfnfO{ :jb]zdf ;b'kof]u 

ug'{k5{ eGg] cleofgdf nflu/x]sf] 

5' / clxn] u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnL 

;+3 Pgcf/PgP Pl;of k|zfGt If]q 

* / (,@)!* df ;xeflutfsf] 

tof/L ub}{ 5' . 

Pgcf/PgP cleofgdf 

nfUg'sf] sf/0f atfO{ lbg'; g < 

d Pgcf/PgP Pl;of k|zfGt 

If]qdf ;"?b]lv g} nfu]sf] x'gfn] 

Pgcf/PgPnfO{ ;xh 9+un] cufl8 

a9fpg / b]zsf] ljsf;df s]lx 

ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] efjgfn] nfu]sf] 

xf] . ljb]zdf a;]sf ;a} g]kfnLnfO{ 

;d]6]/ cufl8 a9fpgsf] nflu / 

b]zsf] nflu s]lx ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] 

dg;fon] d Pgcf/PgP cleofgdf 

nfu]sf] x'F . cfkm" ;kmn ePklg b]z 

ljkmn ePsf sf/0f b]znfO{ s]lx 

ug{ ;lsG5 / nufgLsf] jftfj/0f 

agfP/ tNnf] ju{nfO{ dfly p7fpg 

;xof]u ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] d]/f] p2]Zo 

xf] . cfly{s ?kdf lgs} k5fl8 k/]sf] 

b]zsf] nflu s]lx u/f} / b]zsf] 

cfly{s ;Da[l4df 6]jf k'¥ofcf}+ eGg] 

p2]Zon] d nflu k/]sf] 5' . ;du|df 

eGg' kbf{ lab]zdf l;s]sf l;k, 1fg 

/ snfnfO{ :jb]zL e'lddf ;b'kof]u 

ul/ cuf8L a9\g'k5{ eGg] Wo]osf 

;fy g} d of] cleofgdf 5' . 

of] cleofgaf6 j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Ldf ;+nUg tyf u}/cfjf;Lo 

gkfnLx?n] s] kmfO{bf kfpF5g\ t < 

Pgcf/Pg cfkm}df cd's 

;+u7g xf]O{g . o;nfO{ lgikIf?kdf 

cufl8 a9fpgsf] nflu / ljb]zdf 

a:g] ;a}nfO{ ;d]6]/ cufl8 a9fpg] 

;f]rsf ;fy d Pgcf/PgP 

cleofgdf nfu]sf] 5' . j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/df /x]sf ;d:ofx?nfO{ 

Go"lgs/0f ul/ ;xh ?kdf ;a}sf] 

kx'Frdf ;/n,;xh / kmfO{bf d'ns 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] laifodf d]/f] 

cfjfh p7fpFb} cfPsf] 5' . To;} ul/ 

u}/ cfjfl;o g]kfnL Pgcf/Pgsf] 

cleofgnfO{ laleGg b]zdf km}nfpg] 

/ pQm d'n'sx?af6 g]kfndf 

nufgL leq\ofpg] sfddf nfu]sf] 

5' . a}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] cfkTsflng 

sf]ifnfO{ ;;Qm agfpg] / ladfsf] 

nflu kxn ub}{ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf 

nflu dn]l;of nufotsf d'n'sdf 

k'u]sf g]kfnL bfh'efO{, lbbLalxgLsf 

xs lxtsf nflu ljz]if 

sfo{of]hgf agfO{ sfd ul//x]sf] 

5' . g]kfndf ;fd'lxs nufgL ug{ 

k|]l/t ug]{ tyf lab]lzx?af6 ;d]t 

nufgL leq\ofpg kxn / g]kfnnfO{ 

kmfO{bf x'g] sfddf nfu]sf] 5' . 

oxfF dn]l;of cfwfl/t eP/ 

Jofkf/ ub}{ cfO{/xg' ePsf] 5 . 

xfn dn]l;ofdf b]lvPsf] j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Lsf] ;d:ofsf] laifodf s]xL 

atfO{ lbg'; g< 

jf:tjdf g]kfnL sfdbf/x?sf] 

nflu dn]l;of b'/Lsf] lx;fjn], 

jftfj/0fsf] lx;fjn] Psbd} /fd|f] 

uGtJosf] ?kdf :yflkt lyof] . 

laut % dlxgfb]lv dn]l;of hfg] 

g]kfnLx?sf nflu pQm cj;/ 

alGrt ePsf] 5 . xhf/f}+ g]kfnL 

sfdbf/x? slnª leiff k|fKt u/]/ 

klg hfg kfO{/x]sf 5}gg\ . o;n] 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg rfxg] 

g]kfnLx?sf] rfxgfnfO{ 7]; 

nufPsf] cj:yf 5 . o; laifodf 

g]kfn ;/sf/ / dn]l;of ;/sf/ 

aLr lgrf]8sf] jftf{ ul/ ;d:of 

;dfwfg ug'{ kg]{ h?/L 5 . lsg 

eg] dn]l;ofdf g]kfnL ;'/Iff 

uf8{x?sf] Ps bd} 7'nf] dfu 5 . 

Tof] dfu cGo d'n'sn] k'lt{ ug{ 

;Sb}g t/ o; laifodf nfdf] ;do 

;Dd g]kfnaf6 cGof}n /x\of] eg] 

lasNksf] ?kdf csf]{ d'n'saf6 

cfk'lt{ ug{ ;Sg] ;+efjgf klg 

/xG5 . o;y{ xfdL Pgcf/PgP 

cleofgdf ;xefuL eO{/xFbf lt 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/df ;DnUg g]kfnL 

bfh'efO{ lbbLalxglx?sf] clwsf/sf] 

laifodf klg rgfvf] ePsf 5f}+ . 

tkfO{sf] cleofgaf6 g]kfnnfO{ 

s] kmfO{bf x'G5 t < 

Pgcf/PgP cleofg 

Ps lg/Gt/ rln/xg] k|s[of 

xf] . o;df w]/} laifox? Hf]l8Psf 

5g\ . h:t} g]kfnsf ljleGg 

ko{6sLo If]q, efiff, ;+:s[ltsf] 

k|rf/ k|rf/ u/L g]kfndf ko{6g 

k|jw{g ug{ kxn ug]{ . j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Lsf l;nl;nfdf ljb]zdf 

/x]sf sfdbf/x?df laleGg 

;d:ofn] l8k|]zg eO{ cfTdf 

xTof ug]{ k|j[lt a9\b} uO/x]sf]df 

pgLx?nfO{ cfjZos sfplG;lnª 

ul/ sfd ug{ k|]l/t ug]{ . 

g]kfnsf] lz/ 7f8f] kfg]{ sfd u/L 

clw a9\g] / k|jf;df cfh{g 

u/]sf] ;Lk / k"FhLnfO{ Pgcf/Pg 

cleofg dfkm{t b]zdf nufgL ug{ 

/ u/fpg d nflu /x]sf] 5' . 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hfg] 

g]kfnLx?sf ;d:of af/] s]xL atfO{ 

lbg'; g < 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms b]zx? 

vu]Gb| Gof}kfg] 

cWoIf 

u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 dn]l;of 

dWo] dn]l;ofdf y'k|} ;d:of 5g\ . 

t/ hfkfg, sf]l/of h:tf Pl;of 

Kofl;lkms b]zx?df g]kfnaf6 ljb]z 

cfP/ a9L Ao:t x'gfn] l8k|];gsf] 

;d:of 5 . Tof] ;d:ofnfO{ 

;dfwfg ug{ / cfTdxTofsf] b/nfO{ 

sd ug{ kxn ug{'kg]{5 . ladf, 

:jf:Yo pkrf/, /f]huf/Lsf] Uof/]G6L 

tyf dfl;s tnjsf laifodf ;d]t 

;d:of /x]sf]n] To:tf laifox?df 

klg xfdL nfu]sf 5f}+ . 

PgcfPgPsf] g]kfnsf] cfly{s 

;Da[l4df of]ubfg s] 5 < 

em§ x]bf{ ;fdfGo h:tf] nfu] 

klg of] u+le/ laifo xf] . g]kfndf 

u}/ cfjf;Lo g]kfnLx?sf] 7'nf] 

of]ubfg 5 . lsg eg] Joj;fosf] 

nflu xf]; of cGo /f]huf/Lsf] 

nflu xf]; sf]xL ;b:o lab]zdf 

/x] klg lghsf kl/jf/ x? g]kfn 

d} x'g] x'Fbf lab]zdf sdfPsf 

;a} k};fx? :jb]z cfpg] / 

cfly{s rfn rng g]kfn d} 

x'G5 . To; sf/0f klg ck|ToIf 

jf k|ToIf ?kdf u}/ cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnLx?sf] of]ubfg 7'nf] 5 . 

csf]{ tkm{ lab]zdf l;s]sf l;k 

1fgsf laifo t 5Fb}5 . pQm 

laifo s'g} csf]{ laifo;+u bfFHg 

ldNb}g . clxn] w]/} g]kfnLx? 

cfly{s lx;fjaf6 ;kmn ePsf 

5g\ . ;/sf/n] ;xh 9+uaf6 

Pgcf/PgnfO{ nufgL u/fpg] 

jftfj/0f ;[hgf u/]/ g]kfnd} 

/f]huf/L lbg] xf] eg] g]kfnsf] 

cfly{s ;Da[l4 ug{ ;lsG5 . d]/f] 

AolQmut ?kaf6 eGbf d}n] ug{ 

;Sg] / ;Sg] ;xof]u g]kfnsf] 

cfly{s If]qdf ul//x]sf] 5' . 

xªsªdf x'g] Pl;of 

Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ngn] j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Lsf] laifodf sxL 5nkmn 

x'G5 < 

oxfFn] ;fGble{s laifo 

p7fg ug'{ eof] . cjZo klg pQm 

laifodf 5nkmn x'G5 . Pgcf/PgP 

eg]sf] j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf ;DnUg 

g]kfnLx?s} xslxtsf] laifodf 

af]N5 . oxfFnfO{ yfx} xf]nf xfdLn] 

o'PO{sf] dWok'j{ ;Dd]ngdf klg 

laz'4 j}b]lzs /f]huf/sf] laifodf 

5nkmn u¥of}+ . g]kfnLx?sf] cfsif{s 

uGtJo d'n'ssf] ?kdf /x]sf] xªsª 

klg laut !% jif{ b]lv aGb /x]sf] 

cj:yfdf sfg"gL k|s[of k'/f ul/ 

g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 pQm 

d'n'sdf hfg rfxg] g]kfnLx?sf 

nflu v'nfpg] tkm{ k|of; ug'{ 

k5{ eGg]df kSs} 5nkmn x'g]5 . 

To;} ul/ Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qdf 

/x]sf g]kfnLx?sf] xs clwsf/ / 

;'/Iffsf] laifodf 5nkmn x'g]5 . 

u}/ cfjfl;o g]kfnL ;+3 

dn]l;ofsf] cWoIfsf] x}l;otn] 

cGtodf s] eGg rfxg' x'G5 < 

;a}eGbf klxn] ;Dk'0f{ 

Pgcf/PgP cleofgsf ;a}nfO{ 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ngsf] xflb{s 

z'esfdgf lbg rfxG5' . pQm 

;Dd]ngdf ;a} laifodf 5nkmn x'g] 

x'Fbf ;lqmo ?kdf ;xeflutf hgfO{ 

sfo{qmd ;kmn agfO{ lbg'x'g ;Dk'0f{ 

cleoGtfHo'x? / cltyLHo"x?nfO{ 

xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5' . 

Pgcf/PgP 

u 

@)&% d+l;/ @) ut], laxLaf/ 

5}6f}+ Plzof Kofl;lkms ;Dd]ng ljz]iff° Thursday 6 December 2018 

Pgcf/Pgsf] Pl;of–Kofl;lkms 

e]nfaf6 g]kfn / g]kfnLn] s] kmfObf 

lng;S5g\ < 

Pl;of –Kofl;lkms If]qdf 

/x]sf b]zx?df xfdLn] ko{6gsf] 

k|j4{gsf] sfd ub}{ cfPsf 5f}F . 

To:t}, o; If]qdf sfd ug]{ g]kfnLn] 

oxfF sfd ;Lk, 1fg l;s]/ g]kfn 

kms]{kl5 b]znfO{ of]ubfg ug{ 

;S5g\ . o;}u/L, oxfF a:g] g]kfnLn] 

g]kfndf nufgL ul//x]sf 5g\ . 

o;n] ubf{ b]zdf /f]huf/L l;h{gf 

ePsf] 5 eg] b]zdf cfo klg a9]sf] 

5 . o;sf] ;fy} ;Dd]ngn] g]kfndf 

;fd'lxs nufgLsf] ljifodf klg 

5nkmn x'g]5 . 

Pl;of–Kofl;lkms If]qdf ljsl;t 

b]zsf] ;fy} dn]l;of klg /x]sf] 5 . 

dn]l;ofdf xhf/f}F g]kfnLx? sfo{/t 

/x]sf 5g\ . o; ljifodf ;Dd]ngdf 

p7fg u5{ ls ub}{g\ < 

xfdLn] j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Ldf bIf hgzlQm k7fpg 

;s]sf 5}gf}F . ;Dd]ngn] s;/L 

g]kfndf bIf hgzlQm pTkfbg u/L 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf k7fpg] ;lsG5 

eGg] ljifodf 5nkmn x'Fb}5 . To:t}, 

ljb]zdf g]kfnL sfdbf/x?sf] 

;d:of k/]df Pgcf/Pgsf ljleGg 

;ldltx?n] s;/L ;xof]u ug{ 

;S5g\ eg] ljifodf xfdL ulDe/ 

ePsf 5f}F . o;u/}, pgLx?sf] 

;d:of ;dfwfg, tna e'QmfgL, 

;'/Iffsf] ljifodf klg ToxfF /x]sf] 

ljleGg lgsfo;Fu ;dGjo ul/ 

;dfwfg ug]{ ljifodf xfdL 5nkmn 

ub}{5f}F . 

kl5Nnf] Ps bzs eGbf a9L ;do 

b]lv g]kfnLsf] nflu xªsªsf] 

Pl;of Kofl;lkms If]qLo 

e]nf g]kfnLsf] lxtdf 

lqnf]s -ods'df/_ u'?ª xªsªdf a;]/ Jofkf/ Joj;fo ug]{ cu|0fL 

g]kfnL x'g\ . pgL b'O{ sfo{sfn;Dd u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3 xªsªsf] 

cWoIf eP . u'?ª ;g\ @)!! b]lv !# ;Dd Pgcf/PgP Plzof Kofl;lkms 

If]qLo ;+of]hs;d]t lyP . To;kl5 nuftf/ b'O{ sfo{sfn u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL ;+3 cGt/fli6«o ;dGjo kl/ifb\sf] ;Nnfxsf/ eP . ;+3sf] 

:yfkgfsfnb]lv g} u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL cleofgdf ;lqmo u'?ª Pgcf/PgP 

xªsªsf] cWoIf, Pl;of k|zfGt If]qsf] ;+of]hs x'Fb} cGt/fli6«o ;dGjo 

kl/ifbdf b'O{ sfo{sfn ;Nnfxsf/ /x]sf u'?ª xªsª / dsfpdf lgdf{0f 

/ ;'/Iff ;DaGwL If]qdf Joj;fo ub}{ cfPsf . uf]/vfsf] nfk|fsdf gd"gf 

j:tL lgdf{0fdf ;lqmo u'?ª t/fO{df af9L k|efljtnfO{ /fxt ljt/0fdf 

Pgcf/PgP 6f]nLdf ;+nUg /x]sf lyP . pg} u'?ª;Fu Pl;of Kofl;lkms 

If]qLo e]nf s]Gb|Lt eP/ ul/Psf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;f/;+If]k M 

/f]huf/L aGb ePsf] 5 . xªsªsf] 

/f]huf/L vf]Ngsf] nflu s:tf] kxn 

ub}{ x'g'x'G5 < 

;g\ @))% b]lv xªsªdf 

g]kfnL sfdbf/nfO{ sfd ug{sf] 

nflu k|ltaGw nufOPsf] xf] . 

Pgcf/Pgsf] ljleGg ;Dd]ngdf o; 

ljifodf xfdLn] s'/f p7fpFb} cfPsf 

5f}F . xªsªsf] /f]huf/L vf]Ngsf] 

nflu xfdLn] kxn rfFxL gu/]sf 

xf]Og\ . cfh x'G5, ef]nL x'G5 eGbf 

eGb} !# jif{ ljlt;s]sf] 5 . o; 

/f]huf/LnfO{ vf]Ngsf] nflu ;/sf/n] 

g} tTk/tf b]vfpg cfjZos 5 . 

tTsflng ;dodf gf/fo0f sfhL 

>]i7, dGqL x'Fbf ue{d]06 6' ue{d]06 

jftf{ ePsf] lyof] t/ o; ljifon] 

;fy{ttf kfpg ;s]g\ . ;/sf/sf] 

pRr txdf jftf{ eP eg] xªsªsf] 

/f]huf/L vf]Ng ;Sg] ;Defjgf 

/x]sf] 5 . 

o; ;Dd]ngaf6 slQsf] cfzfjfbL 

x'g'x'G5 < 

o; ;Dd]ngdf p7fpg' kg]{ 

Ph]08f to eO{;s]sf 5g\ . o:tf 

Ph]08fdf lj:t[t 5nkmn u/L s;/L 

cl3 a9\g ;lsG5 eGg] ljifodf g} 

xfdL s]lGb|t x'Fb}5f}F . o;sf] ;fy} 

xfdLn] g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] ljrdf 

;]t'sf] sfd ub}{ cfPsf 5f}F . o; 

;Dd]ngdf k"j{ Pgcf/Pg cWoIf 

pk]Gb| dxtf], lhjf nfld5fg], z]if 

3n] nufotsf k"j{ cWoIfx?sf] 

pkl:ylt x'Fb}5 . o; ;Dd]ngdf 

nueu # ;o hgfsf] ;xeflutf 

x'Fb}5 . To;}n] klg o; ;Dd]ngaf6 

d k"0f{ ?kdf cfzfjfbL 5\' . tkfO{n] 

Pgcf/Pg cleofgdf nfu]/ s] 

kfpg'eof], s] u'dfpg'eof] < 

ods'df/ u'?ª ælqnf]sÆ 

k"j{ Pl;of Kofl;lkms ;+of]hs 

Pgcf/PgP 

d Pgcf/Pg cleofgdf ;g\ @))% 

b]lv nfu]sf] x' F . Pgcf/Pg cleofgdf 

nfu]/ kfPsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] s'/f 

cfTd;Gt'li6 xf] . …g]kfnLsf nflu 

g]kfnLÚ Pgcf/Pgsf] d'ndGq xf] . d 

Pgcf/Pgdf nfu]/ c?sf] ;]jf ug{ 

kfPsf] v'l; 5' . o;sf] ;fy} lj;+= 

@)&@ df g]kfndf uPsf] ljgfzsf/L 

e'sDkdf g]kfnLnfO{ ;xof]u ug{ 

kfpFbf d cfkm"nfO{ efUodfgL 

7fg]5' . o:t}, g]kfndf :jf:Yo, 

lzIff, k"jf{wf/ nufot If]qdf sfd 

ug{ kfPsf] 5' . Pgcf/Pgdf nfu]/ 

g]kfn / g]kfnL;Fu glhs x'g kfPsf] 

5' . d xªsª sG:6«S;g sDkgL 

/x]sf] 5 . To:t}, xªsªdf uf]vf{sf] 

gfd /fVg' k5{ eg]/ uf]vf{ Pstf 

gfds ;]So'l/6L sDkgL ;~rfng 

ul//x]sf] 5 . oL sDkgL ljut !% 

jif{b]lv ;~rfng eO{/x]sf 5g\ . 

o;sf] ;fy}, dsfpdf klg sDkgL 

;~rfng ul//x]sf 5f}F . 

cGTodf s]xL eGg rfxg'x'G5 ls < 

;+;f/df c;Dej eGg] s'/f 

s]xL klg 5}g\ . rLg clxn] ljZjsf] 

7"nf] cy{tGq ePsf] d'n's xf] . b'O{ 

bzs otf p;n] 7"nf] km8\sf] df/]sf] 

5 . olx s'/fnfO{ dgg ub}{ xfdLn] 

;a}hgf Psh'6 x'Fb} /fi6« lgdf{0f 

ug'{kb{5 . o;sf] nflu ;xof]u ug{ 

Pgcf/Pg ;w}F g} tof/ /x]sf] 5 

/ ul//x]sf] klg 5 . To:t}, ;a}n] 

ljb]zdf Pgcf/Pgn] s;/L a;]sf 

5g\, pgLx? s] s] sfd ul//x]sf 

5g\ / s;/L ;kmntf k|fKt u/] 

eg]/ klg a'‰g cfjZos 5 . 

cAb'n jfl;b 

lgb]{zs 

cAb'n xflkmh 6«]l8∙ P08 sG6«oflS6∙ sDkgL 8An'= Pn=Pn 

bf]xf, stf/ 

lbjfs/ kf}8]n, k|aGw lgb]{zs 

n}grf}/, sf7df8f} 

;f]d ;fksf]6f 

;x–sf]ifWoIf 



b'uf{ lu/L 

cWoIf tyf 

lbj]z d]g]hd]G6 P;=lk=;L= sDkgL k|f=ln= 

dgdf ax/fO{g

] 

} 

3 

@)&% d+l;/ @) ut], laxLaf/ 


Pgcf/PgP 


ljb]zdf sdfPsf] 1fg, ;Lk, bIftf, Ifdtf / ;DklQnfO{ dft[e"lddf k|of]u ug'{kb{5 

wd{/fh clwsf/L u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL ;+3sf] cf]l;ofgf If]qLo 

;+of]hs x'g\ . Pgcf/PgPn] ljZje/ 

5l/P/ /x]sf g]kfnLx?nfO{ 

Pscfk;df hd36 u/fOlbg] / 

efjgf ;f6f;f6 u/fpg] atfpF5g\ 

clwsf/L . cfheGbf @# jif{cl3 

cWoogsf] l;nl;nfdf ci6«]lnof 

k|j]z u/]sf clwsf/L clxn] 

ci6«]lnofdf ;kmn Joj;foLsf 

?kdf klg kl/lrt 5g\ . ci6«]lnofdf 

8f]ldgf]h lkHhfsf] k|m]GrfOh 

;+rfng ul//x]sf pgL;Fu 

Pgcf/Pg cleofg / Joj;flos 

lhjgsf] ;]/f]km]/f]df /x]/ ul/Psf] 

s'/fsfgL ;f/;+If]k M 

Pgcf/PgPnfO{ wgLx?s} 

;+:yf elgG5 lg < 

Pgcf/PgP eg]sf] xfdL ;a} 

g]kfn 5f8]/ cfPsf u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnLx?sf] ;femf kljq ;+:yf 

xf] . cxLn] sf]lx b'aO{df 5g, sf]lx 

stf/df 5g, sf]xL dn];Lofdf 

5g, d ci6]«lnofdf 5', To;y{ 

xfdLn] rfx] klg grfx] klg b]z 

5f]l8;s]kl5 :jtM Pgcf/Pg xf}+ . 

;b:otf lng] kIf a]Un} xf]nf . d}n] 

b]v] cg';f/ of] ;+:yf– wgL, u/La, 

lzlIft / clzlIftnufot ;a}sf] 

;femf ;+:yf xf] . 

Pgcf/Pgn] ub}{ cfPsf] 

ljleGg cleofgx?af6 slQsf] 

;Gt'i6 x'g'x'G5 < 

;Gt'li6 jf c;Gt'li6 eg]sf] 

dfG5]sf] dgdf x'g] efj dfq 

xf] . xfdLn] u/]sf] s'/f, xfdLn] 

wd{/fh clwsf/L 

cf]l;ofgf ;+of]hs 



lxl8/x]sf] af6f] ;xL 5 ls 5}g 

eGg] s'/f t cfkm\g} cGt/cfTdfn] 

a'‰g] s'/f xf] . Pgcf/Pg klg Ps 

lsl;dsf] ;fdflhs ;~hfn h:tf] 

5 lsgeg] o;n] ljleGg b]zdf 

/x]sf g]kfnLx?lar ;'Gb/ sg]S;g 

u/fPsf] 5 . g]kfnLx?aLr eft[tj 

efjsf] ljsf; u/]sf] 5 . To;y{, 

c;Gt'i6 x'g] cj:yf b]lVbg d . 

xfdLn] x/]s sfdnfO{ gsf/fTds 

tj/n] eGbf a9L ;sf/fTds 

tl/sfn] ;f]Rg'k5{ . 

Pgcf/PgPdf r'gfjL 3f]if0ff 

cg';f/sf sfd x'Fb}g eGg] cf/f]k 

kfOG5 . oxfFn] of] em08} Ps jif{sf] 

lardf s]–s] sfdx? ug{'eof] < 

If]q ;+of]hssf] sfd eg]sf] 

Tof] If]qdf /x]sf Pg;L;L;Fu ldn]/ 

sfd ug]{ xf] . clxn] xfd|f] If]qdf 

hxfF hxfF xfd|f] ;+u7g ag]sf] 5}g 

Toxf ;+u7g agfpg] cfwf/ vf]hL 

/x]sf 5f}+ . clxn] tTsfn lkmhLdf 

xfd|f] ;+u7g lj:tf/sf] vfFrf] 

/x]sf]n] To;sf] lglDt xfdLn] 

lj1 ;Dd]ng ;DkGg u¥of}+ . ut 

;]K6]Da/ !% df l;8\gLdf nueu 

b'O{ ;ohgfsf] ;xeflutfdf 

æ1fg ;Dd]ngÆ ;d]t ;DkGg 

u¥of} . cjsf lbgdf xfdLn] kgL 

cGtem}+ If]qLo ;Dd]ngx? ;d]t 

cfof]hgf ug]{ nIo /x]sf] 5 . 

clxn] Pgcf/Pg cleofgsf cGo 

sfo{qmdx?df ;xefuL e}/xg 

k/]sf]n] s]xL sfo{;':ttf eg] 

ePsf] 5 . 

Pgcf/Pg;DjGwL oxfFsf] 

efjL sfo{of]hgfx? s]–s] /x]sf 

5g < 

jf:tjdf clxn];Dd vf;} 

To:tf] of]hgfsf] ln:6 eg] tof/ 

u/]sf 5}gf}+ . tkfO{x?n] of] s'/f 

/fVg'eP/ dnfO{ emsemsfO{ 

lbg'ePsf]df xflb{s cfef/L /xg] 

5' . l56} g} lnlvtd sfo{of]hgfx? 

tof/ u/]/ of]hgfa4?kdf 

Pgcf/Pg cleofgdf nfUg] afrf 

;d]t ug{ rfxG5' . ef]nLsf 

lbgdf klg d o; cleofgsf] 

g]t[Tjk+lQmdf c6fpg ;s'F eGg] 

dgf]efjn] sd{ ug]{ 5' . eljiodf 

klg dnfO{ Pgcf/Pg cleofgdf 

/x]/ sfd ug{ dg 5 . To;y{, d]/f] 

u/]sf] sfdsf] :jd"Nof+sg ;d]t 

ul//x]sf] 5' . 

tkfO{ ci6«]lnofdf Joj;fo 

ul//xg' ePsf] 5 . tkfO{sf] 

Jofj;flos ;+3if{ / efjL of]hgfx? 

atfOlbg'; g< 

ljb]zdf Jofj;fo ;+rfng 

ug'{ kSs} klg ;+3if{k"0f{ Pj+ 

r'gf}ltk"0f{ sfd g} xf] . d]/f] 

8f]ldgf]h lkHhfsf] klxnf !& j6f 

cfp6n]6 lyP . clxn] rfFxL !$ 

j6f cfp6n]6 5 . oxfF lglZrt 

olt cf]6f cfp6n]6 vf]N5' tyf 

oltj6f agfp5' eGg] of]hgf 

x'Fb}g lsgeg] lsga]r klg e}/x]sf] 

x'G5 . To;sf/0f slxn] a9fpg] 

k|lqmof klg x'G5 / slxn] 36fpg] 

k|lqmof klg x'G5 . 

g'jfsf]6sf] Pp6f ufFpdf 

hGd]sf] dfG5], oqf] ;kmntf s;/L 

xfl;n ug{'eof] < 

;a} dfG5]n] lhjgdf Pp6f 

Pp6f sfd u5{g . d}n] klg To;} 

u/]+ . ;kmn / c;kmn eGg] s'/f 

klg ;Gt'li6sf] tx dfq xf] . s'g} 

klg sfd ug{ dfG5]df Pp6f 

cd"t{ O{R5fzlQm x'g'kg]{ /x]5 . d 

sf7df8f}+df x'Fbf jf lbNnLdf x'Fbf 

klg Jofj;fo g} uy]{ . ci6«]lnofdf 

rflx pRr lzIff xfl;n ug]{ 

lznlznfdf uO{of] . ;'?df ;fdfGo 

sfd u/] . t/ dleq ePsf] lahg]; 

ug]{ cd"t{ O{R5fzlQmn] ubf{ cGtt 

lahg]; g} ug{ ;kmn eP . ;du| 

?kdf eGg'kbf{ d cfkm'n] u/]sf] 

;Dk"0f{ sfdk|lt v'zL 5', ;Gt'i6 

5' . ;fob oxL ;kmntf xf] ls < 

g]kfndf Jofkf/ Joj;fo ug]{ 

;f]r agfpg' ePsf] 5 ls < 

JolQmut?kdf t hGde"ldsf 

ljleGg :s'nx?nfO{ ljleGg vfn] 

;xof]u ul//x]sf] g} 5' . clxn] 

g]kfn zflGt / ljsf;sf] af6f]df 

cl3 a9\b} 5 . clxn] :yfoL ;/sf/ 

klg 5 . :jb]zdf Joj;fo ;+rfng 

ug] { df}sfx? vf]hL/x]sf 5f} + / 

clxn] aflx/ a:g] w]/} g]kfnLx?n] 

g]kfnd} nufgL ug] { ;f]r klg 

agfPsf 5g . To;dWo]df d 

klg x' F . ca 5'§} Pp6f sfo{qmd 

lnP/ g]kfndf hfFb}5' . t/ 

sfo{Jo:ttfsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ 

clnslt uf¥xf] x' Fbf]/x]5 . t/ s]xL 

ug] { ;f]r cjZo agfPsf] 5' . d}n] 

sfo{ ;xeflutf w]/} bIf ldqx?sf] 

xf]; eg]/ g]kfndf ;fd"lxs nufgL 

ug] { u/L ;fyLx?;Fu ;/;Nnfx 

ug] { sfo{nfO{ klg cl3 a9fO/x]sf] 

5' . g]kfnsf] cj:yfnfO{ x]g] { xf] 

eg] gofF Jofkf/ Joj;fo ;'? 

ug{ cem klg ufx|f] g} 5 . t/ 

gx'g] / ug{ g;lsg] eg] s]xL klg 

x'b}g . g]kfndf w]/} ;Defjgfx? 

5g . g]kfndf JofKt w'nf]nfO{ 

dfq sG6«f]n ug] { xf] eg] cjf] + k};f 

sdfpg ;S5f} + . b]z l;:6d]l6s 

x' Fb} uPkl5 :jtM j}b]lzs nufgL 

a9\b} hfG5 . 

ejg e§ 

cWoIf 



-Pg=cf/=Pg=P=_ kl/jf/ 

lbks dnxf]qf 

cWoIf tyf 

ch]o/fh ;'dfuL{ 

cWoIf tyf 

s'df/ kGt 

pkfWoIf 



/fh /]UdL 

cWoIf 

l;lgo/ dr]{G6\; xf]lN8· sDkgL 

bf]xf, stf/ 

t]h k|sfz k'g 

cWoIf 

b uf]vf{h u|'k, xªsª 

xf]6n ;f+lu|nf sf7df8f}+ 

nflhDkf6, sf7df8f}+, kmf]g M )!–$$!@((( 

/fh]Gb| s'df/ -cf/s]_ zdf{ 

dWok"j{ ;+of]hs 



ejfgL k|;fb cf]nL 

sfo{sf/L k|d'v 

cf]nL P08 P;f];LP6\; 

k'tnL;8s, sf7df8f}+ 

b]lj k|sfz e§rg 

cWoIf 

k|e' dlg 6«fG;km/ 

sdnfbL, sf7df8f}+

page 1-merged-compressed

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?