Risiko
Risiko
Risiko
Erfolgreiche ePaper selbst erstellen
Machen Sie aus Ihren PDF Publikationen ein blätterbares Flipbook mit unserer einzigartigen Google optimierten e-Paper Software.
SUMMING POINT<br />
Riskhomeostasistheory (Wilde, 1982; 2004)<br />
17<br />
UNDERLYING VARIABLES<br />
a. LONG-TERM (e.g. prevailing cultural and peer group values and behavioural standards, age, sex,<br />
type of driver education received, driving experience, sensory acuity, health)<br />
b. TRIP-SPECIFIC (e.g. purpose of trip, preoccupations, blood alcohol level, fatigue, physical well-being)<br />
15<br />
INFORMATION INTAKE<br />
c. MOMENTARY (e.g. fluctuations in tolerance for stress and frustration)<br />
COGNITIVE STATES<br />
a. LONG-TERM (skills)<br />
b. TRIP-SPECIFIC (e.g. spare capacity)<br />
c. MOMENTARY (e.g. distractions)<br />
5 6<br />
ANTICIPATIONS<br />
REGARDING<br />
2 @ 3 @ 4<br />
AT TIME t+<br />
t<br />
8<br />
PERCEIVED LEVEL<br />
OF RISK<br />
MOTIVATIONAL STATES<br />
a. LONG-TERM (e.g. need for stimulation)<br />
b. TRIP-SPECIFIC (e.g. being in a hurry)<br />
c. MOMENTARY (e.g. after being held up in traffic)<br />
TARGET LEVEL OF RISK<br />
DECISIONS TAKEN<br />
a. LONG-TERM (e.g. vehicle checks)<br />
b. TRIP-SPECIFIC (e.g. wearing seat belts)<br />
7 VERIFICATION LOOP<br />
c. MOMENTARY, e.g.<br />
1. speed change<br />
1<br />
2. tracking<br />
CONDITIONS AT TIME t<br />
2 SUBJECTS VEHICLE PATH<br />
3 ROAD ENVIRONMENT<br />
13<br />
3. signaling<br />
4. following distance<br />
5. use of lights<br />
6. effort level, vigilance<br />
4 PATHS OF OTHER ROAD USER<br />
14 CONDITIONS AT TIME t+ t<br />
VEHICLE RESPONSE<br />
10<br />
_<br />
+<br />
9<br />
16<br />
COMPARATOR OR<br />
11<br />
12<br />
ACTIONS UPON<br />
VEHICLE CONTROLS<br />
Figure 1: Risk Homeostasis Theory in Relation to Driver Behaviour (Reprinted with permission from Wilde, 1982)
Change language