Air Freshener Gels - CP Kelco

Air Freshener Gels
ApplicAtion Bulletin AB-92
Despite the introduction of candles and electrical devices, water-based air
freshener gels remain an important product format within the air care market.
For the consumer, gels are safe and simple to use, and release fragrance
over an extended period of time. through the creative use of gel technology
and packaging, products can be offered in visually attractive as well as more
utilitarian formats.
GenuGel ® carrageenan is a well established name in the industry, and in recent
years new products have been introduced to extend the product’s functionality.
in addition, manufacturers have recognized the unique combination of features
KelcoGel ® gellan gum can provide.

GENUGEL ® Carrageenan
GENUGEL ® carrageenan products
are sulphated polysaccharides
extracted from certain species of
red seaweed (Class: Rhodophyceae).
After extraction, the resulting solution
is further purified, concentrated,
precipitated, dried, milled and packed,
resulting in the final commercial product.
By using the appropriate GENUGEL carrageenan product the
formulator can create rheological profiles ranging from freeflowing
liquids to thixotropic liquid gels and self-supporting solid
gels with a wide range of textures, setting temperatures and
melting temperatures. By using a single carrageenan product, a
range of viscosities and gel strengths can be obtained by adjusting
other ingredients in the formulation.
In addition to carrageenan, most GENUGEL products for
air freshener gels often contain gelling salts and other
gums to help control the setting temperature and to help
combat syneresis.
Air Freshener Gels
A RAnGe oF teXtuReS
PRODUCT RANGE
KELCOGEL ® Gellan Gum
KELCOGEL ® Gellan Gum is a polysaccharide
produced by fermentation of a pure culture
of Sphingomonas elodea. The composition
and structure of native gellan gum produced
by commercial fermentation is identical to the
naturally occurring polysaccharide formed by
Sphingomonas elodea on plants of water lily varieties.
One of the most important features of a gelling agent is the texture it
provides. Gellan gum is a versatile hydrocolloid gelling agent. It forms firm
gels with cross-linking monovalent and divalent ions. KELCOGEL AFT can
provide both high gel strength and excellent clarity. It is very efficient with
typical use levels of 0.5–1.0%. Gellan gum can be used with a high fragrance
loading (up to 20% fragrance). KELCOGEL AFT is a low acyl gellan gum
product and is known to form hard brittle gels. However, the texture of a
gel can be changed by altering the concentration of gellan gum, humectant
levels, and the concentration and type of gelling salt in the system.
KELCOGEL gellan gum is available in two grades: high and low acyl content.
Low acyl KELCOGEL gellan gum products form hard, non-elastic, brittle
gels. High acyl types form soft, very elastic, non-brittle gels. Varying the
ratios of the two forms of gellan gum produces a wide variety of textures.
GenuGel ® GenuGel ® GenuGel ® GenuGel ® KelcoGel ®
c1-121 c1-125 c1-153 RlV AFT
Gel Properties
Texture Hard Hard Hard Very Hard Hard
Appearance Opaque
Transparent
Transparent Opaque Semi Transparent Transparent
Melting Temperature
Process Conditions
74°C 61°C 69°C 71°C 81°C
Typical Concentration 2.0% 2.5% 2.25% 2.7% 1.0%
Gelling Salt Required None None None None K citrate
Hydration Temperature 85°C 70°C 75°C 82°C 65°C
Viscosity of Hot Solution High Low High Medium Low
Setting Temperature 45°C/113°F 38°C/100°F 42°C/108°F 46°C/115°F 48°C/118°F

PrOdUCt SELECtiON CritEria
Some factors to be considered when selecting a CP Kelco gelling
agent for an air freshener are listed below.
• Syneresis Control. All the products in the range can form
syneresis-free gels. GENUGEL CI-125 should be used at a
concentration above 2.0% to avoid syneresis.
• texture. The products generally form hard gels, which do not
slump if de-molded from the original container but, instead, stand
upright. To achieve a high gel strength, GENUGEL CI-121 is the
most efficient carrageenan product in the range. In contrast,
GENUGEL CI-105 forms elastic gels, which are both attractive
visually and pleasant to touch. At any given concentration,
GENUGEL RLV forms the strongest gels.
• appearance. If transparency is the most important attribute,
KELCOGEL AFT gellan gum is the product of choice.
• Melting temperature. For air fresheners that encounter high
temperatures, e.g. inside a car in summer, the gel system must
have a high melting temperature. KELCOGEL AFT gels can
be formulated with melting temperatures up to and above
100°C/212°F.
• Hydration temperature. For satisfactory performance, the
gelling agent must be fully hydrated. If the water cannot be
heated above 80°C /176°F, GENUGEL CI-121 product is
unsuitable.
• Viscosity of Hot Solution. It may be desirable for the air
freshener mixture to be viscous when it is being stirred and filled
into molds. This trait is often desired to help prevent splashing.
GENUGEL CI-121 and CI-153 products contain gums which
increase their solution viscosity.
• Setting temperature. To minimize losses through evaporation
during the manufacturing process, the fragrance should be
added at as low a temperature as possible. This can be done
by using a gel system with a low setting temperature, such as
GENUGEL CI-125.
Breaking
Strength
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
CI-121 CI-153
(g)
1,000
RLV
500
0
CI-125
1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.8
Concentration in Gel (%)
3
2.5
2
CI-125
Syneresis 1.5
(%) 1
CI-153
.5
0
CI-121
RLV
1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.8
Concentration in Gel (%)
A gel containing 1.0%
KELCOGEL AFT
gellan gum and 0.6%
potassium citrate
has a high breaking
strength and exhibits
little or no syneresis.
...you can
The data in the above graphs is for four “one-shot” GENUGEL ®
carrageenan products, i.e. those not requiring the user to add a
gelling salt, followed by the GENUGEL carrageenan.

arGENtiNa
CP Kelco Argentina S.A.
Bolivar 187 - 6th A
C1066AAC Buenos Aires
Argentina
Tel: + 54 11 4331-8483
Fax: + 54 11 4331-8483
dENMarK
CP Kelco ApS
Ved Banen 16
DK-4623 Lille Skensved
Denmark
Tel: +45 56 16 56 16
Fax: +45 56 16 94 46
JaPaN
CP Kelco Japan ApS
Izumi Kamiyacho Bldg.
8-1, Higashi-Azabu 1-chome
Minato-ku,Tokyo 106-0044
Japan
Tel: +81 3 3560 7313
Fax: +81 3 3560 7316
rUSSia
CP Kelco ApS
(Moscow Representative Office)
32/2, building 4
Kadashevskaya emb.
Business Center
“Kadashevskaya Sloboda”
RU-115035 Moscow
Russia
Tel: +7 495 937 36 47/48
Fax: +7 495 937 36 27
aUStraLia
CP Kelco Australia
41 Devon Street
Cheltenham VIC 3192
Australia
Tel: +61 3 9427 7700
Fax: +61 3 9584 9448
FiNLaNd
CP Kelco Oy
Kuhnamontie 2
PL 500
FI-44101 Äänekoski
Finland
Tel: +358 14 518-3000
Fax: +358 14 518-3003
KOrEa
CP Kelco Korea
Room 525, Officetel,
The 3rd complex, King’s Garden,
Nae-Su Dong, Jong Ro Gu,
Seoul, Korea,110-070
Tel: +82 2 545 6022
SiNGaPOrE
CP Kelco Singapore Pte., Ltd.
151 Lorong Chuan
#06-07 New Tech Park
Singapore 556741
Tel: +65 6491 9100
Fax: +65 6491 910
BELGiUM
CP Kelco Belgium b.v.b.a.
Industrieweg 150
BE-3538 Beringen
Belgium
Tel: +32 11 45 86 56
Fax: +32 11 42 03 61
FraNCE
CP Kelco France
123 rue Jules Guesde
FR-92300 Levallois-Perret
France
Tel: +33 (0) 1 49 03 78 00
Fax: +33 (0) 1 49 03 78 29
MEXiCO
CP Kelco México
Torre Zentrum
Av. Santa Fe 495 piso 4
Col. Cruz Manca
Del. Cuajimalpa
México 05349, D.F.
Tel: +(5255) 33007840
Fax: +(5255) 33005510
UNitEd KiNGdOM
CP Kelco UK Limited
Cleeve Court, Cleeve Road
Leatherhead
Surrey KT22 7UD
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0) 1372 369 400
Fax: +44 (0) 1372 369 401
BraZiL
CP Kelco Brasil
Rua Teixeira Marques, 845
Caixa Postal 21
Chácara São José, Limeira
São Paulo, Brazil
CEP: 13845-127
Tel: +55 19 3404 4600
Fax: +55 19 3451 1948
GErMaNy
CP Kelco Germany GmbH
Pomosin-Werk 5
DE-23775 Großenbrode
Germany
Tel: +49 4367 715 0
Fax: +49 4367 715 111
tHE NEtHErLaNdS
CP Kelco B.V.
Postbus 31
6500 AA Nijmegen
The Netherlands
Tel: +31 24 371 9900
Fax: +31 24 371 9999
UNitEd StatES
GLOBaL HEadQUartErS
CP Kelco U.S., Inc.
Cumberland Center II
3100 Cumberland Boulevard
Suite 600
Atlanta, GA 30339
USA
Tel: (678) 247-7300
Toll Free: (800) 535-2687
Fax: (678) 247-2797
www.cpkelco.com | E-mail: solutions@cpkelco.com
CHiNa
J.M. Huber Investment
(China) Ltd
8th Floor, No.3 Building, No.1535
Hongmei Road, Xuhui District
Shanghai China 200233
Tel: +86 21 6154 8488
Fax: +86 21 6154 8499
iNdia
CP Kelco, Division of
JM Huber (India) Pvt Ltd.
504 Meadows, Sahar Plaza
J.B. Nagar, Andheri – Kurla Road
Andheri (E), Mumbai 400059
India
Tel: +91 22 61415713
Fax: +91 22 61415715
POLaNd
CP Kelco Poland Sp. Z.o.o.
Malta Office Park
ul. Abpa. A. Baraniaka 88 C
61-131 Poznan
Tel. +48 61 625 85 55
Fax: +48 61 625 85 57
The information contained herein is, to our best knowledge, true and accurate. All recommendations or suggestions are made without guarantee, since we can neither anticipate nor
control the different conditions under which this information and our products are used. There are no implied or express warranties of fitness for purpose. Each manufacturer is solely
responsible for ensuring the final products comply with any and all applicable federal, state and local regulations. Further, CP Kelco disclaims all liability with regard to customers’
infringement of third party intellectual property including, but not limited to, patents. CP Kelco recommends that our customers apply for licenses under any relevant patents.
© 2012 CP Kelco U.S., inc. Edited 07/12