2011: Disc open areas of clearing. Plant native grasses and wildflowers. Priority: 2 2012: Plant fruiting and nut trees and shrubs. Priority: 3 2015: Disc to maintain clear areas and reseed if necessary. Priority: 5 2019: Mow to maintain open areas. Priority: 4 24
EXISTING CONDITIONS FOR 'ST<strong>AND</strong> 3. CENTRAL SWAMP' Land area: 32 Acres Land use history: More than half of this stand is over Tawas muck, which occurs in swamps, along waterways, and in depressions in the uplands. The water table is near the surface most of the year unless the soil is artificially drained. Runoff is therefore very slow. Most areas of the county with this soil are wooded or idle land. The rest of the stand is over Cohoctah fine sandy loam, floodplain soils that are poorly drained, have a high water table and are frequently flooded. Because of these limitations for agriculture these soils are mainly used as wildlife habitat and intermittent pasture. Native vegetation consists of elm, oaks, maple, ash, willows, grasses and reeds. With these soils, it is most likely that this stand has been in its current semi-wooded, wetland status for a very long time. Forest Type: -Existing: Cedar-Cottonwood-Yellow Birch-Basswood -Potential: Same Successional trend: This is a varied wetland stand, with some areas at the west end dominated by northern white-cedar, areas in the northeast corner dominated by tamarack and elm, much of the central areas inhabited by scattered cottonwoods, black willows and few silver maples. Phragmites and cattails dominated the ground vegetation in most areas of this stand, with nearly pure stands of either or both in several locations. A few locations had open water in July. There were green ash trees in several plot locations, nearly all dead. The few other individual trees found in or near plots included bur, white and red oaks, American basswood, white pine, yellow birch and sycamore. Shrubs and vines included sandbar willow, buckthorn, Virginia creeper, hornbeam, poison ivy and river grape. Herbaceous vegetation also included duckweed, reed canary grass, several sedges, bulrush, skunk cabbage, moneywort, jewelweed, swamp and common milkweeds, sensitive fern, goldenrods, stinging nettle, St. John's-wort, fireweed, dogbane, mullein, wild parsnip, swamp horsetail, purple loosestrife, virgin's bower, spotted Joe-Pye-weed, boneset and bedstraw. Forest health: Nearly all of the ash trees in the stand, as in the entire Park, were dead or dying, presumably from emerald ash borer. About half of the tamaracks in the northeast corner were dead from unknown causes. There were no other conditions noted during inspection of this stand that would indicate insect or disease infestations, or other tree health problems. Site quality: Most of the trees in this stand were of slightly poor to moderate quality as potential timber. They are doing well in their role as swamp trees providing wildlife habitats. Approximate age: 70 Size Class: Poles (5.5 - 11.5") Trees per acre: 129 Mean Stand Diameter: 9.7 in. Basal Area (BA): 34 Acceptable BA: Growth Rate: % Timber Quality: low 25
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