Diving For Science 2005 Proceedings Of The American

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Diving For Science 2005 Proceedings Of The American Academy Of Underwater Sciences Mazel, C.H., M.P. Strand, M.P. Lesser, M.P. Crosby, B. Coles and A.J. Nevis, 2003. High resolution determination of coral reef bottom cover from multispectral fluorescence laser line scan imagery. Limnol. Oceanogr., 48:522-534. Mazel, C.H., T.W. Cronin, R.L. Caldwell and N.J. Marshall, 2004. Fluorescent enhancement of signaling in a mantis shrimp, Science, 303:51. Morise, H.,O. Shimomura, F.H. Johnson and J. Winant, 1974. Intermolecular energy transfer in the bioluminescent system of Aequorea. Biochemistry, 13: 2656-2662. Phillips, C.E.S., 1927. Fluorescence of sea anemones. Nature, 119:747. Read, K.R.H., 1967. Fluorescence in marine organisms. Aquasphere, 3(3): 6. Read, K.R.H., J.M. Davidson and B.M. Twarog, 1968. Fluorescence of sponges and coelenterates in blue light. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 25:873- 882. Woodbridge, R.G.III., 1959. Night diving with ultraviolet lights. Skin Diver, August, pp. 22- 23. Woodbridge, R.G.III., 1961. We dive at night. Skin Diver, February, p. 43. Woodbridge, R.G.III., 1959. Application of ultra-violet lights to underwater research. Nature, 184:259. Zahl, P,A., 1963. Fluorescent gems from Davy Jones's locker. National Geographic, August, 124: 260-271. 12
Counterdiffusion Diving: Using Isobaric Mix Switching To Reduce Decompression Time Glenn H. Taylor NOAA Undersea Research Center, University of North Carolina at Wilmington 5600 Marvin Moss Lane, Wilmington, NC 28409 Abstract Switching a diver’s breathing mix from heliox to nitrox at a specified time during the bottom portion of the dive can reduce the total stop time for long dives in the deep nitrox range. Isobaric Mix Switching with oxygen decompression reduced calculated total stop times by an average of 38% compared to calculated total stop times using nitrox with oxygen decompression. The optimal mix-switch time was determined empirically using mixed-gas decompression software. Introduction This paper describes a diving procedure called Isobaric Mix Switching (IMX) that reduces the total stop time for long dives in the deep nitrox range. “Isobaric” means equal pressure, so Isobaric Mix Switching, as described in this paper, consists of changing a diver’s breathing mix with no shift in depth, during the bottom portion of a dive. The mix switch is from heliox to nitrox with the oxygen percentage constant. Switching the diver’s breathing mix from heliox to nitrox takes advantage of differences in diffusion and saturation rates between the two inert gases. Helium is eliminated from body tissues faster than the nitrogen is taken up causing a transient reduction in total inert gas tissue tension. This results in a decrease in total stop time that will vary with the timing of the mix switch and can be optimized using mixed-gas decompression software. Background Experiments begun in 1959 by Keller and Bühlmann (Keller and Bühlmann, 1965; Keller, 1967 & 1968) first made use of the idea that different inert gases have different saturation speeds and that by switching mixes containing these inert gases, based on the rate at which these gases are taken up and eliminated by the body, a decompression advantage would result. Beginning in 1962, experiments sponsored by the U.S. Navy used multiple inert gases to optimize decompression from deep dives ranging from 130 fsw to 1,000 fsw (Keller and Bühlmann, 1965; Keller, 1967). Of the many experimental dives in this series, only one used an isobaric mix switch (Keller and Bühlmann, 1965). That dive was performed in a chamber to a depth of 130 fsw for 120 minutes, used seven human subjects, switched from oxygen /helium (40/60) to oxygen /argon (40/60) after seventy minutes, and used oxygen for the final portion of the decompression. In 1975, Bühlmann described the theoretical benefits of Isobaric Mix Switching in an identical dive profile that substituted nitrogen for argon in the second mix. These experimental and theoretical dive profiles demonstrated a major 13
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Assessment of Abalone Stocks in Sou
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Discussion Diving For Science 2005
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The Ecology of Fishes on Deep Bould
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Results Diving For Science 2005 Pro
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Discussion Diving For Science 2005
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Patterns of Mixed-Species Foraging
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Group Size 3 2 Diving For Science 2
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Predatory Behavior of Piscivorous R
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Baseline Scuba Assessments of Habit
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Scuba Techniques Used In Risk Asses
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Table 4. Mobility traits influencin
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NOAA’s Diving Accident Management
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The Risk of Decompression Sickness
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The Pacific Islands Fisheries Scien
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Reciprocities Diving For Science 20
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University of South Florida College
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The Dives Diving For Science 2005 P
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Community Science - Recruiting, Tra
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Diving in two Marine Lakes in Croat
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Scientific Diving Techniques Applie
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Diving for Science: Teaching Divers
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Scientific Diving and ROV Technique
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The Southern California Regional Ke
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Conclusion Diving For Science 2005
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