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Francis Edel<strong>in</strong>e <strong>The</strong> use <strong>of</strong> colour <strong>in</strong> visual poetry<br />
Fig.12<br />
In the ma<strong>in</strong> image, the eye is first drawn to the three blocks <strong>of</strong> pure colour. <strong>The</strong><br />
lemon and the lime are identifiable by their shape, and are dist<strong>in</strong>guishable one<br />
from the other by their colour and size. <strong>The</strong> unique roundness <strong>of</strong> the orange is not<br />
what enables us to identify it : only the presence <strong>of</strong> the other two fruits steers our<br />
<strong>in</strong>terpretation towards the paradigm <strong>of</strong> citrus fruit, which is then superimposed by<br />
the paradigm <strong>of</strong> colours. <strong>The</strong>n the respective size <strong>of</strong> the three fruits <strong>in</strong> turn leads to<br />
a third paradigm, that <strong>of</strong> the heavenly bodies, which, with three words, are<br />
<strong>in</strong>scribed on the background <strong>of</strong> undef<strong>in</strong>ed cosmic darkness.<br />
citrus f<strong>in</strong>ials adds a humorous, ephemeral dimension to the theme. <strong>The</strong> shape <strong>of</strong><br />
the fruit, after the juice has been squeezed out <strong>of</strong> it and enjoyed, comb<strong>in</strong>ed with<br />
the waterpro<strong>of</strong> firmness characteristic <strong>of</strong> its sk<strong>in</strong>, allow it to be made <strong>in</strong>to coloured<br />
f<strong>in</strong>ials, just right for temper<strong>in</strong>g (if only briefly) the ferocity <strong>of</strong> the wrought iron<br />
spears.<br />
2.9 Arrigo Lora-Tot<strong>in</strong>o<br />
Arrigo LORA-TOTINO is an Italian poet liv<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> Tor<strong>in</strong>o. S<strong>in</strong>ce more than fifty<br />
years he has produced an immense amount <strong>of</strong> sound and visual poems, as well as<br />
gymnic performances. Dur<strong>in</strong>g several periods (notably <strong>in</strong> 1977 and 1978) he was<br />
specially <strong>in</strong>terested <strong>in</strong> colour and used it <strong>in</strong> a very personal way. He thought silkpr<strong>in</strong>t<strong>in</strong>g<br />
was the best way to obta<strong>in</strong> vivid, strongly saturated colours, even on<br />
black paper. His titles are evocative : Crom<strong>of</strong>onemi iridescenti and Incandescenze.<br />
One <strong>of</strong> the most fasc<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g properties <strong>of</strong> colour is that one can easily use it for socalled<br />
OP-effects: sc<strong>in</strong>tillation, dazzl<strong>in</strong>g, iridescence etc. LORA-TOTINO is a<br />
skilful user <strong>of</strong> these possibilities. From the first portfolio I extract sheets n°1 and 2<br />
(Fig.13), where he managed to obta<strong>in</strong> pleasant optical effects <strong>of</strong> sc<strong>in</strong>tillation and<br />
lustre by plac<strong>in</strong>g contrast<strong>in</strong>g colours close together, <strong>in</strong> addition to the po<strong>in</strong>tillistic<br />
effect produced by the typographical characters. As most <strong>of</strong> his fellow artists <strong>of</strong><br />
the time, he used the FUTURA font. <strong>The</strong> second portfolio conta<strong>in</strong>s five large silk-<br />
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