RTO TR-26 - FTP Directory Listing - NATO

RTO-TR-26
NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION
RTO-TR-26
AC/323(AVT)TP/19
RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION
BP 25, 7 RUE ANCELLE, F-92201 NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE CEDEX, FRANCE
RTO TECHNICAL REPORT 26
Verification and Validation Data for
Computational Unsteady Aerodynamics
(Données de vérification et de validation pour
l’aérodynamique instationnaire numérique)
Report of the Applied Vehicle Technology Panel (AVT) Task Group AVT-010.
Published October 2000
Distribution and Availability on Back Cover

NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION
RTO-TR-26
AC/323(AVT)TP/19
RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION
BP 25, 7 RUE ANCELLE, F-92201 NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE CEDEX, FRANCE
RTO TECHNICAL REPORT 26
Verification and Validation Data for
Computational Unsteady Aerodynamics
(Données de vérification et de validation pour l’aérodynamique
instationnaire numérique)
Report of the Applied Vehicle Technology Panel (AVT) Task Group AVT-010.

The Research and Technology
Organization (RTO) of NATO
RTO is the single focus in NATO for Defence Research and Technology activities. Its mission is to conduct and promote
cooperative research and information exchange. The objective is to support the development and effective use of national
defence research and technology and to meet the military needs of the Alliance, to maintain a technological lead, and to
provide advice to NATO and national decision makers. The RTO performs its mission with the support of an extensive
network of national experts. It also ensures effective coordination with other NATO bodies involved in R&T activities.
RTO reports both to the Military Committee of NATO and to the Conference of National Armament Directors. It comprises a
Research and Technology Board (RTB) as the highest level of national representation and the Research and Technology
Agency (RTA), a dedicated staff with its headquarters in Neuilly, near Paris, France. In order to facilitate contacts with the
military users and other NATO activities, a small part of the RTA staff is located in NATO Headquarters in Brussels. The
Brussels staff also coordinates RTO’s cooperation with nations in Middle and Eastern Europe, to which RTO attaches
particular importance especially as working together in the field of research is one of the more promising areas of initial
cooperation.
The total spectrum of R&T activities is covered by 7 Panels, dealing with:
• SAS Studies, Analysis and Simulation
• SCI Systems Concepts and Integration
• SET Sensors and Electronics Technology
• IST Information Systems Technology
• AVT Applied Vehicle Technology
• HFM Human Factors and Medicine
• MSG Modelling and Simulation
These Panels are made up of national representatives as well as generally recognised ‘world class’ scientists. The Panels also
provide a communication link to military users and other NATO bodies. RTO’s scientific and technological work is carried
out by Technical Teams, created for specific activities and with a specific duration. Such Technical Teams can organise
workshops, symposia, field trials, lecture series and training courses. An important function of these Technical Teams is to
ensure the continuity of the expert networks.
RTO builds upon earlier cooperation in defence research and technology as set-up under the Advisory Group for Aerospace
Research and Development (AGARD) and the Defence Research Group (DRG). AGARD and the DRG share common roots
in that they were both established at the initiative of Dr Theodore von Kármán, a leading aerospace scientist, who early on
recognised the importance of scientific support for the Allied Armed Forces. RTO is capitalising on these common roots in
order to provide the Alliance and the NATO nations with a strong scientific and technological basis that will guarantee a
solid base for the future.
The content of this publication has been reproduced
directly from material supplied by RTO or the authors.
Published October 2000
Copyright © RTO/NATO 2000
All Rights Reserved
ISBN 92-837-1048-7
Printed by St. Joseph Ottawa/Hull
(A St. Joseph Corporation Company)
45 Sacré-Cœur Blvd., Hull (Québec), Canada J8X 1C6
ii

Verification and Validation Data for Computational
Unsteady Aerodynamics
(RTO TR-26)
Executive Summary
In the quest to improve the performance of civil and military aircraft, helicopters and missiles (lower
structural weight, higher maneuverability, larger flight and firing/release envelopes, higher angles of
attack, etc.) the designer increasingly faces the need to predict or understand complex unsteady
aerodynamic phenomena. The continuous progress in hardware and software give the opportunity to
simulate numerically many of these fluid dynamics problems. Consequently Computational Unsteady
Aerodynamics (CUA) is finding its way as a useful and reliable tool, which can be routinely applied
from the very early stages of the design and development process.
Before a specific code may be used with confidence it is essential to validate its capability to describe
the physics of the flow correctly, for which purpose a comparison with accurate experimental data is
needed. Unsteady wind tunnel testing is difficult and expensive; two factors which limit the number of
organizations with the capability and/or resources to perform it. Thus, unsteady experimental data is
scarce, often restricted and scattered in diverse documents. The present publication was conceived with
the aim of collecting into a single easily accessible document as much of the good quality data as
possible. Given the large amounts of information produced in unsteady experiments, and to facilitate
its handling and use, the data is provided in machine-readable form in a CD-ROM that accompanies
the report.
The type of experiment included in this publication falls under the general category of validation
experiments, that is, those made on geometrically simple “generic shapes” designed to provide
sufficiently detailed measured data for the verification of the physical representation provided by the
CFD code. Wherever possible experiments have been selected which include different levels of
physical difficulty and/or different flow phenomena so that the CFD researcher can use a staircase
approach to the problem of validating the code. The test cases provided pertain to different categories:
Flutter, Buffet, Stability & Control, Dynamic Stall, Cavity Flows, and Store Separation, which
basically cover most of the areas of current interest in the field.
In addition to the experimental data, the publication includes computational results. Before a code can
be validated, the developer must first verify that it solves accurately the mathematical model that it
uses of the real world. Given the lack of analytical solutions to the 3-D versions of the various sets of
equations of interest to CUA, verification is best achieved by means of comparison with another
computational solution of the same set of equations. The numerical data may also be useful in cases
where the CFD developer finds intriguing differences with experimental data, which cannot be
attributed in a straightforward way to deficiencies in the numerical model, or in the test. Comparison
with another computational result may clarify whether code improvements are required.
iii

Données de vérification et de validation
pour l’aérodynamique instationnaire numérique
(RTO TR-26)
Synthèse
Dans sa démarche d’amélioration des performances des aéronefs militaires et civils, ainsi que des
hélicoptères et des missiles (masse structurale réduite, plus grande maniabilité, domaines de vol et de
tir/de largage plus étendus, incidences plus fortes etc...) le concepteur est de plus en plus confronté à la
nécessité de comprendre et de prévoir des phénomènes aérodynamiques instationnaires complexes. Les
avancées permanentes réalisées dans le domaine de l’informatique nous offrent la possibilité de
simuler de façon numérique bon nombre de ces problèmes de dynamique des fluides. Il en résulte que
l’aérodynamique instationnaire numérique (CUA) est en passe de trouver un rôle d’outil pratique et
fiable, qui peut être mis en œuvre dès les premières étapes du processus de conception et
développement.
Avant de pouvoir utiliser un code quelconque avec confiance il est essentiel de valider sa capacité à
décrire correctement la physique d’un écoulement, ce qui nécessite de faire la comparaison avec des
données expérimentales fiables. Les essais d’aérodynamique instationnaire en soufflerie sont difficiles
et coûteux à réaliser; ces deux facteurs ont pour effet de limiter le nombre d’organisations disposant
d’installations et/ou de moyens permettant de le faire. Il s’ensuit que les données expérimentales
instationnaires sont rares, souvent restreintes et dispersées dans de multiples documents. La présente
publication a été conçue dans le but de recueillir dans un seul document le plus grand volume possible
de données de bonne qualité disponibles à l’heure actuelle. Etant donné les masses d’informations
produites par les essais instationnaires, et pour faciliter leur traitement et mise en œuvre, les données
sont fournies sous une forme exploitable par une machine sur le CD-ROM qui accompagne ce rapport.
Le type d’expérimentation décrite dans cette publication appartient à la catégorie générale
d’expérimentations de validation, c’est à dire à celles réalisées sur des « formes génériques »
géométriquement simples, choisies pour fournir des données mesurées suffisamment détaillées pour
permettre la vérification de la représentation physique donnée par le code CFD. Chaque fois qu’il s’est
avéré possible, nous avons choisi des expérimentations comprenant des niveaux de difficulté physique
différents et/ou des phénomènes d’écoulement différents pour permettre au chercheur en CFD
d’adopter une approche par paliers du problème de la validation du code. Les cas d’essai présentés se
rapportent à différentes catégories, à savoir : Le flottement, le tremblement, la stabilité et le contrôle, le
décrochage dynamique, les écoulements en cavité, et le largage des emports, lesquelles catégories
couvrent plus ou moins la totalité des domaines d’intérêt courants dans ce secteur.
En plus des données expérimentales, la publication inclut des résultats de calculs CFD. Avant de
pouvoir procéder à la validation d’un code, le développeur doit vérifier sa capacité à résoudre
correctement le modèle du monde réel qu’il exploite. Etant donné le manque de solutions analytiques
des versions en trois dimensions des différents systèmes d’équations qui intéressent le CUA, le
meilleur moyen de procéder à la vérification est de faire la comparaison avec une autre solution,
obtenue par le calcul, du même système d’équations. Les données numériques peuvent également
servir lorsque le développeur CFD découvre des différences significatives par rapport aux données
expérimentales, qui ne peuvent pas être imputées directement à des insuffisances au niveau soit du
modèle numérique, soit des essais. La comparaison avec un autre résultat obtenu par le calcul peut
permettre d’établir si des améliorations sont nécessaires au niveau du code.
iv

Contents
Executive Summary iii
Synthèse iv
Publications of the RTO Applied Vehicle Technology Panel vii
Members of the Applied Vehicle Technology Task Group AVT-010 viii
1. Presentation of the Database 1
by L.P. Ruiz-Calavera
2. Analytical Solutions for the Unsteady Compressible Flow Equations Serving as 9
Test Cases for the Verification of Numerical Schemes
by S. Tsangaris and Th. Pappou
3E. Data from AGARD Report 702 29
3E1. NACA 64A006 Oscillating Flap
by R.J. Zwaan
33
3E3. NACA 0012 Oscillatory and Transient Pitching
by R.H. Landon
45
3E4. NLR 7301 Supercritical Airfoil Oscillatory Pitching and Oscillating Flap
by R.J. Zwaan
61
3E8. ZKP Wing, Oscillating Aileron
by K. Dau, S. Vogel and H. Zimmermann
79
4. F-5 CFD Results 97
by M.J. de C. Henshaw and S. Guillemot
5E. F-5 Wing & F-5 Wing + Tip Store 135
by E.G.M. Geurts
6E. Test Cases for a Rectangular Supercritical Wing Undergoing Pitching Oscillations 153
by R.M. Bennett
7E. Test Cases for Flutter of the Benchmark Models Rectangular Wings on the Pitch 173
and Plunge Apparatus
by R.M. Bennett
8E. Test Cases for the Benchmark Active Controls Model: Spoiler and Control 201
Surface Oscillations and Flutter
by R.M. Bennett, R.C. Scott and C.D. Wieseman
8C. Benchmark Active Controls Technology (BACT) Wing CFD Results 225
by D.M. Schuster and R.E. Bartels
9E. Test Cases for a Clipped Delta Wing with Pitching and Trailing-Edge Control 239
Surface Oscillations
by R.M. Bennett
10. Supersonic 2D Wing with Control Surfaces 257
by P. Naudin
v
Page

11E. RAE Tests on AGARD Tailplane 271
by I.W. Kaynes
12. NAL SST Arrow Wing with Oscillating Flap 295
by M. Tamayama, K. Saitoh, H. Matsushita and J. Nakamichi
13E. Transonic Buffet of a Supercritical Airfoil 319
by X.Z. Huang
14E. Buffet Data from M2391 Diamond Wing 341
by I.W. Kaynes
15E. Wing and Fin Buffet on the Standard Dynamics Model 361
by S. Zan et al - reported by X.Z. Huang
16E. Selected Data Set from Static and Rolling Experiments on a 65˚ Delta Wing at 383
High Incidence
by X.Z. Huang, T.C. Lui and E.S. Hanff
16C. Large-Amplitude, High-Rate Roll Oscillations of a 65˚ Delta Wing at High 407
Incidence
by N.M. Chaderjian and L.B. Schiff
17E. Oscillating 65˚ Delta Wing, Experimental 415
by T. Loeser
17C. Oscillating 65˚ Delta Wing, Numerical 431
by W. Fritz
18E. Low Speed Straked Delta Wing 437
by E.G.M. Geurts
19E. Transonic Simple Straked Delta Wing 453
by E.G.M. Geurts
20. M219 Cavity Case 473
by M.J. deC. Henshaw
21E. DLR Cavity Pressure Oscillations, Experimental 481
by J. Delfs
22E. Dynamic Stall Data for 2-D and 3-D Test Cases 489
by R.A. McD Galbraith, F.N. Coton, R.B. Green and M. Vezza
23. Generic Wing, Pylon, and Moving Finned Store 535
by J.H. Fox
vi

Publications of the RTO
Applied Vehicle Technology Panel
MEETING PROCEEDINGS (MP)
Design for Low Cost Operation and Support
MP-37, September 2000
Gas Turbine Operation and Technology for Land, Sea and Air Propulsion and Power Systems (Unclassified)
MP-34, September 2000
Aerodynamic Design and Optimization of Flight Vehicles in a Concurrent Multi-Disciplinary Environment
MP-35, June 2000
Structural Aspects of Flexible Aircraft Control
MP-36, May 2000
New Metallic Materials for the Structure of Aging Aircraft
MP-25, April 2000
Small Rocket Motors and Gas Generators for Land, Sea and Air Launched Weapons Systems
MP-23, April 2000
Application of Damage Tolerance Principles for Improved Airworthiness of Rotorcraft
MP-24, January 2000
Gas Turbine Engine Combustion, Emissions and Alternative Fuels
MP-14, June 1999
Fatigue in the Presence of Corrosion
MP-18, March 1999
Qualification of Life Extension Schemes for Engine Components
MP-17, March 1999
Fluid Dynamics Problems of Vehicles Operation Near or in the Air-Sea Interface
MP-15, February 1999
Design Principles and Methods for Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines
MP-8, February 1999
Airframe Inspection Reliability under Field/Depot Conditions
MP-10, November 1998
Intelligent Processing of High Performance Materials
MP-9, November 1998
Exploitation of Structural Loads/Health Data for Reduced Cycle Costs
MP-7, November 1998
Missile Aerodynamics
MP-5, November 1998
EDUCATIONAL NOTES (EN)
Measurement Techniques for High Enthalpy and Plasma Flows
EN-8, April 2000
Development and Operation of UAVs for Military and Civil Applications
EN-9, April 2000
Planar Optical Measurements Methods for Gas Turbine Engine Life
EN-6, September 1999
High Order Methods for Computational Physics, Published jointly with Springer-Verlag, Germany
EN-5, March 1999
Fluid Dynamics Research on Supersonic Aircraft
EN-4, November 1998
Integrated Multidisciplinary Design of High Pressure Multistage Compressor Systems
EN-1, September 1998
TECHNICAL REPORTS (TR)
Verification and Validation Data for Computational Unsteady Aerodynamics
TR-26, October 2000
Recommended Practices for Monitoring Gas Turbine Engine Life Consumption
TR-28, April 2000
A Feasibility Study of Collaborative Multi-facility Windtunnel Testing for CFD Validation
TR-27, December 1999
vii

Members of the Applied Vehicle Technology
Task Group AVT-010 on Test Cases
for Computational Unsteady Aerodynamics
Chairman: Luis P. Ruiz-Calavera
INTA
Aerodynamics Division
Carretera de Ajalvir Km 4.5
28850 Torrejon de Ardoz (Madrid)
Spain
CANADA TURKEY
X.Z. Huang M. Kavsaoglu
National Research Council Middle East Technical University
Institute for Aerospace Research Department of Aeronautical Engineering
M-10, Montreal Rd. Inonu Bulvari
Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6 06531 Ankara
FRANCE UNITED KINGDOM
S. Guillemot R.W. Galbraith
Dassault Aviation Department of Aerospace Engineering
Aerodynamics Division University of Glasgow
78 Quai Marcel Dassault
Cedex 300
Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland
92214 Saint Cloud
M.J. de C. Henshaw
P. Naudin
British Aerospace (Operations) Ltd.
Military Aircraft and Aerostructures
Structures Department Dept. of Aerodynamic Technology
ONERA Skillings Lane, Brough
29, avenue de la division Leclerc East Riding of Yorkshire
BP 72, 92322 Châtillon Cedex HU15 1EQ, England
GERMANY I.W. Kaynes
T. Löser Room 1008, A9 Building
NWD Low Speed Wind Tunnel Aero-Structures Dept
DLR/DNW Braunschweig DERA
Lilienthalplatz 7 Farnborough
D-38022 Braunschweig Hants GU14 0LX
GREECE UNITED STATES
S. Tsangaris R. Bennett
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Aeroelasticity Branch
National Technical University of Athens Structures Division
P.O. Box 64070 Mail Stop 340
15710 Zografu-Athens NASA Langley Research Center
ITALY
Hampton, VA 23681-0001
A. Pagano J.H. Fox
Aerodynamics and Propulsion Department Sverdrup Technology, Inc.
CIRA, Via Maiorise AEDC Group
81043 Capua (CE) 740 Fourth Street
NETHERLANDS
Arnold AFB, TN 37389-6001
E.G.M. Geurts L.J. Huttsell
NLR AFRL/VASV
Aerodynamic Engineering and Aeroelasticity 2130 Eighth St, Ste 1
Department
Anthony Fokkerweg 2
1059 CM AMSTERDAM
Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7542
viii

REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE
1. Recipient’s Reference 2. Originator’s References 3. Further Reference 4. Security Classification
of Document
RTO-TR-26 ISBN 92-837-1048-7 UNCLASSIFIED/
AC/323(AVT)TP/19 UNLIMITED
5. Originator Research and Technology Organization
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
BP 25, 7 rue Ancelle, F-92201 Neuilly-sur-Seine Cedex, France
6. Title
Verification and Validation Data for Computational Unsteady Aerodynamics
7. Presented at/sponsored by
the RTO Applied Vehicle Technology Panel (AVT).
8. Author(s)/Editor(s) 9. Date
Multiple October 2000
10. Author’s/Editor’s Address 11. Pages
Multiple 568
12. Distribution Statement There are no restrictions on the distribution of this document.
Information about the availability of this and other RTO
unclassified publications is given on the back cover.
13. Keywords/Descriptors
Unsteady flow Aerodynamic characteristics
Aerodynamics Flight control
Computerized simulation Stalling
Proving Cavities
Experimental data Fluid flow
Verifying External stores
Computation Separation
Flutter Wings
Buffeting Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
Aerodynamic stability Computer codes
14. Abstract
Computational Unsteady Aerodynamics computer codes are being increasingly used. In order to
validate their results they must be tested against valid experimental data. The present report aims at
collecting reliable experimental data on unsteady aerodynamics and presenting them in a form
which permits use for verification of codes. For ease of handling, the data are also presented in
machine readable form (CD-ROM). Data on increasingly complex generic forms were selected and
the following categories are covered: flutter, buffet, stability and control, dynamic stall, cavity
flows, store separation. Computational solutions are included in order to permit evaluation of codes
and analysis of solutions which differ from experimental data.

NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION
RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION
BP 25 • 7 RUE ANCELLE DIFFUSION DES PUBLICATIONS
F-92201 NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE CEDEX • FRANCE
Télécopie 0(1)55.61.22.99 • E-mail mailbox@rta.nato.int
RTO NON CLASSIFIEES
L’Organisation pour la recherche et la technologie de l’OTAN (RTO), détient un stock limité de certaines de ses publications récentes, ainsi
que de celles de l’ancien AGARD (Groupe consultatif pour la recherche et les réalisations aérospatiales de l’OTAN). Celles-ci pourront
éventuellement être obtenues sous forme de copie papier. Pour de plus amples renseignements concernant l’achat de ces ouvrages,
adressez-vous par lettre ou par télécopie à l’adresse indiquée ci-dessus. Veuillez ne pas téléphoner.
Des exemplaires supplémentaires peuvent parfois être obtenus auprès des centres nationaux de distribution indiqués ci-dessous. Si vous
souhaitez recevoir toutes les publications de la RTO, ou simplement celles qui concernent certains Panels, vous pouvez demander d’être
inclus sur la liste d’envoi de l’un de ces centres.
Les publications de la RTO et de l’AGARD sont en vente auprès des agences de vente indiquées ci-dessous, sous forme de photocopie ou
de microfiche. Certains originaux peuvent également être obtenus auprès de CASI.
CENTRES DE DIFFUSION NATIONAUX
ALLEMAGNE FRANCE PAYS-BAS
Streitkräfteamt / Abteilung III O.N.E.R.A. (ISP) NDRCC
Fachinformationszentrum der 29, Avenue de la Division Leclerc DGM/DWOO
Bundeswehr, (FIZBw) BP 72, 92322 Châtillon Cedex P.O. Box 20701
Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 34 2500 ES Den Haag
D-53113 Bonn
GRECE (Correspondant)
Hellenic Ministry of National POLOGNE
BELGIQUE Defence Chief of International Cooperation
Coordinateur RTO - VSL/RTO Defence Industry Research & Division
Etat-Major de la Force Aérienne Technology General Directorate Research & Development Department
Quartier Reine Elisabeth Technological R&D Directorate 218 Niepodleglosci Av.
Rue d’Evère, B-1140 Bruxelles D.Soutsou 40, GR-11521, Athens 00-911 Warsaw
CANADA
Directeur - Recherche et développement -
Communications et gestion de
l’information - DRDCGI 3
Ministère de la Défense nationale
Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K2
Danish Defence Research Establishment
Ryvangs Allé 1, P.O. Box 2715
DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø
HONGRIE
Department for Scientific
Analysis
Institute of Military Technology
Ministry of Defence
H-1525 Budapest P O Box 26
ISLANDE
Director of Aviation
c/o Flugrad
Reykjavik
PORTUGAL
Estado Maior da Força Aérea
SDFA - Centro de Documentação
Alfragide
P-2720 Amadora
REPUBLIQUE TCHEQUE
VTÚL a PVO Praha
Mladoboleslavská ul.
197 06 Praha 9-Kbely AFB
ESPAGNE
INTA (RTO/AGARD Publications)
Carretera de Torrejón a Ajalvir, Pk.4
28850 Torrejón de Ardoz - Madrid
ETATS-UNIS
NASA Center for AeroSpace
Information (CASI)
Parkway Center
7121 Standard Drive
Hanover, MD 21076-1320
ITALIE
Centro di Documentazione
Tecnico-Scientifica della Difesa
Via XX Settembre 123a
00187 Roma
LUXEMBOURG
Voir Belgique
NORVEGE
Norwegian Defence Research
Establishment
Attn: Biblioteket
P.O. Box 25, NO-2007 Kjeller
ROYAUME-UNI
Defence Research Information Centre
Kentigern House
65 Brown Street
Glasgow G2 8EX
TURQUIE
Millî Savunma Bas,kanli i (MSB)
ARGE Dairesi Bas,kanli i (MSB)
06650 Bakanliklar - Ankara
DANEMARK Distribuc ∨ ní a informac ∨ ní str ∨ edisko R&T
NASA Center for AeroSpace
AGENCES DE VENTE
The British Library Document Canada Institute for Scientific and
Information (CASI) Supply Centre Technical Information (CISTI)
Parkway Center Boston Spa, Wetherby National Research Council
7121 Standard Drive West Yorkshire LS23 7BQ Document Delivery
Hanover, MD 21076-1320 Royaume-Uni Montreal Road, Building M-55
Etats-Unis Ottawa K1A 0S2, Canada
Les demandes de documents RTO ou AGARD doivent comporter la dénomination “RTO” ou “AGARD” selon le cas, suivie du
numéro de série (par exemple AGARD-AG-315). Des informations analogues, telles que le titre et la date de publication sont
souhaitables. Des références bibliographiques complètes ainsi que des résumés des publications RTO et AGARD figurent dans les
journaux suivants:
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) Government Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I)
STAR peut être consulté en ligne au localisateur de publié par le National Technical Information Service
ressources uniformes (URL) suivant: Springfield
http://www.sti.nasa.gov/Pubs/star/Star.html Virginia 2216
STAR est édité par CASI dans le cadre du programme Etats-Unis
NASA d’information scientifique et technique (STI)
STI Program Office, MS 157A
NASA Langley Research Center
Hampton, Virginia 23681-0001
Etats-Unis
(accessible également en mode interactif dans la base de
données bibliographiques en ligne du NTIS, et sur CD-ROM)
Imprimé par St-Joseph Ottawa/Hull
(Membre de la Corporation St-Joseph)
45, boul. Sacré-Cœur, Hull (Québec), Canada J8X 1C6

NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION
RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION
BP 25 • 7 RUE ANCELLE DISTRIBUTION OF UNCLASSIFIED
F-92201 NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE CEDEX • FRANCE
Telefax 0(1)55.61.22.99 • E-mail mailbox@rta.nato.int
RTO PUBLICATIONS
NATO’s Research and Technology Organization (RTO) holds limited quantities of some of its recent publications and those of the former
AGARD (Advisory Group for Aerospace Research & Development of NATO), and these may be available for purchase in hard copy form.
For more information, write or send a telefax to the address given above. Please do not telephone.
Further copies are sometimes available from the National Distribution Centres listed below. If you wish to receive all RTO publications, or
just those relating to one or more specific RTO Panels, they may be willing to include you (or your organisation) in their distribution.
RTO and AGARD publications may be purchased from the Sales Agencies listed below, in photocopy or microfiche form. Original copies
of some publications may be available from CASI.
NATIONAL DISTRIBUTION CENTRES
BELGIUM GREECE (Point of Contact) POLAND
Coordinateur RTO - VSL/RTO Hellenic Ministry of National Chief of International Cooperation
Etat-Major de la Force Aérienne Defence Division
Quartier Reine Elisabeth Defence Industry Research & Research & Development
Rue d’Evère, B-1140 Bruxelles Technology General Directorate Department
CANADA
Director Research & Development
Technological R&D Directorate
D.Soutsou 40, GR-11521, Athens
218 Niepodleglosci Av.
00-911 Warsaw
Communications & Information HUNGARY PORTUGAL
Management - DRDCIM 3 Department for Scientific Estado Maior da Força Aérea
Dept of National Defence Analysis SDFA - Centro de Documentação
Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K2 Institute of Military Technology Alfragide
CZECH REPUBLIC
Distribuc
Ministry of Defence
H-1525 Budapest P O Box 26
P-2720 Amadora
SPAIN
∨ ní a informac ∨ ní str ∨ edisko R&T
VTÚL a PVO Praha
Mladoboleslavská ul.
197 06 Praha 9-Kbely AFB
DENMARK
Danish Defence Research
Establishment
Ryvangs Allé 1, P.O. Box 2715
DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø
FRANCE
O.N.E.R.A. (ISP)
29 Avenue de la Division Leclerc
BP 72, 92322 Châtillon Cedex
GERMANY
Streitkräfteamt / Abteilung III
Fachinformationszentrum der
Bundeswehr, (FIZBw)
Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 34
D-53113 Bonn
ICELAND
Director of Aviation
c/o Flugrad
Reykjavik
ITALY
Centro di Documentazione
Tecnico-Scientifica della Difesa
Via XX Settembre 123a
00187 Roma
LUXEMBOURG
See Belgium
NETHERLANDS
NDRCC
DGM/DWOO
P.O. Box 20701
2500 ES Den Haag
NORWAY
INTA (RTO/AGARD Publications)
Carretera de Torrejón a Ajalvir, Pk.4
28850 Torrejón de Ardoz - Madrid
TURKEY
Millî Savunma Bas,kanli i (MSB)
ARGE Dairesi Bas,kanli i (MSB)
06650 Bakanliklar - Ankara
UNITED KINGDOM
Defence Research Information
Centre
Kentigern House
65 Brown Street
Glasgow G2 8EX
UNITED STATES
NASA Center for AeroSpace
Information (CASI)
Parkway Center
7121 Standard Drive
Norwegian Defence Research
Establishment
Attn: Biblioteket
P.O. Box 25, NO-2007 Kjeller
Hanover, MD 21076-1320
SALES AGENCIES
NASA Center for AeroSpace The British Library Document Canada Institute for Scientific and
Information (CASI) Supply Centre Technical Information (CISTI)
Parkway Center Boston Spa, Wetherby National Research Council
7121 Standard Drive West Yorkshire LS23 7BQ Document Delivery
Hanover, MD 21076-1320 United Kingdom Montreal Road, Building M-55
United States Ottawa K1A 0S2, Canada
Requests for RTO or AGARD documents should include the word ‘RTO’ or ‘AGARD’, as appropriate, followed by the serial
number (for example AGARD-AG-315). Collateral information such as title and publication date is desirable. Full bibliographical
references and abstracts of RTO and AGARD publications are given in the following journals:
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) Government Reports Announcements & Index (GRA&I)
STAR is available on-line at the following uniform published by the National Technical Information Service
resource locator: Springfield
http://www.sti.nasa.gov/Pubs/star/Star.html Virginia 22161
STAR is published by CASI for the NASA Scientific United States
and Technical Information (STI) Program (also available online in the NTIS Bibliographic
STI Program Office, MS 157A Database or on CD-ROM)
NASA Langley Research Center
Hampton, Virginia 23681-0001
United States
Printed by St. Joseph Ottawa/Hull
(A St. Joseph Corporation Company)
45 Sacré-Cœur Blvd., Hull (Québec), Canada J8X 1C6
ISBN 92-837-1048-7