Phosphoproteomics-identified ERF110 affects ... - Plant Physiology

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activity, whereas blue lines represent the regulation of gene expression. Green lines
stand for a conformational change due to a PTM isoform or ligand-binding. The
relative strength of a particular regulation, either negative or positive, is indicated by
the thickness of the line. Under ambient air conditions, CTR1-driven kinase activity
dominated over phosphatase activity, leading to an accumulation of
Ser62-phosphorylated ERF110 isomer produced from the basal level expression of
ERF110 protein and thus maintaining a normal bolting time. In contrast, phosphatase
activity dominated over kinase activities under higher levels of ethylene exposure
when ethylene surges cause stress induction or developmental induction, leading to an
overall decrease in the phosphorylation level on ERF110, and the de-phosphorylation
of ERF110 delays the bolting time in Arabidopsis. In both situations, kinase and
phosphatase counteract each other in the regulation of Ser62 phosphorylation of
ERF110 and mediate a dual-and-opposing effect on bolting time under ethylene
exposure.