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Contents. XXV
Spanish incursions in the north-west. Christian of Anhalt
The Vierklosterstreit. Collapse of supreme judicial machinery of the
Empire
Rudolf II and the succession. The Austrian Archdukes meet at Linz
Matthias empowered by Rudolf to act in Hungary and make peace with
Turks. Treaty of Vienna and Peace of Zsitva-Torok
Subversion of Rudolf's authority in favour of Matthias. Alliance of
Pressburg
Negotiations of Protestant Princes with Henry IV. Brandenburg joins
Protestant party
The Donauworth troubles. Commission of Duke Maximilian of Bavaria .
Diet of Ratisbon. Open schism between the two Protestant sections
Foundation of the Protestant Union. Its constitution and original members
Rudolf renounces to Matthias Hungary, Austria and Moravia .
Bohemian Diet. Protestant Remonstrance followed by dissolution. Protestant
assembly at Prague
Letter of Majesty. Religious and national victory of the Bohemian Estates
Development of Catholic League. The Julich-Cleves question
The "possessing" Princes and Henry IV. European significance of issue .
Insecurity of western frontier of Empire. Archduke Leopold. Meeting
of Princes at Prague .
Death of Henry IV. Danger of European war averted. Temporary calm .
Treaty of Xanten. Apprehended collision at Prague. Archduke Leopold's
troops in Prague. Hungary, Moravia, and Austria arm for Matthias .
Matthias enters Prague and summons a Diet. Rudolf resigns Bohemia
to Matthias
Death of Rudolf II. Character of his rule
CHAPTER XXII.
POLITICAL THOUGHT IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY.
By the Rev. J. NEVILLE FIGGIS, M.A., sometime Lecturer in History
at St Catharine's College, and Birkbeck Lecturer in
Ecclesiastical History at Trinity College.
Birth of modern, as distinct from medieval, political thought .
Diminution in value of constitutional checks on monarchy. General
tendency to autocracy . . . . . . . . .
Civil authority replaces ecclesiastical. Luther's address To the German
Nobility
Luther's revolution. Comparison of his Liberty of a Christian Man with
the Twelve Articles of the peasants
The Anabaptists. Politics and the Bible
Luther's exaltation of the civil power. His ideal State .
The Reformation State Church. The prince summits episcopus
, Erastus not an Erastian. Supremacy of the civil power . . .
Paul V and Venice. Fra Paolo Sarpi against Bellarmin and
ionist conception of civil authority
force. Idea of compulsion underlying all law and private
ern conception .
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