Edible and poisonous mushrooms of Canada

More documents

Recommendations

Info

EDIBLE AND POISONOUS MUSHROOMS OF CANADA When a spore germinates it puts forth a slender thread called a hypha. This thread grows rapidly, develops cross walls or septa and becomes many- celled, then branches repeatedly, producing a mat of hyphae termed the mycelium. This is the vegetative part of the fungus from which the fruiting body or mushroom arises. The mushroom is composed of hyphae consisting of interwoven, branched, septate threads, although in some groups such as Lactarius and Russula there are also globular cells termed sphaerocysts in the tissue. The structure of the lamellae is of special interest because it is here that the spores are produced. If a section of a lamella is examined it is seen to be roughly wedge-shaped or triangular. The spores are produced on the outer surface in a definite layer called the hymenium whereas the central part is composed of more or less interwoven hyphae and is called the trama (Figure 42, p. 9). The hymenium consists of basidia, paraphyses, and sometimes cystidia. The basidia are the cells on which the spores are produced; each one has four little stalks at its apex and a spore develops on the tip of each stalk. Between the basidia there are cells somewhat similar in shape but lacking the stalks and never producing spores. These are the paraphyses. Their function is apparently to hold the basidia far enough apart that their slightly sticky spores will not become entangled and prevented from shooting forth. In some mushrooms there are also specialized cells of varying shape and size that project from the hymenium and are called cystidia. They may be rounded, pointed, thick- or thin-walled, sometimes encrusted, and variously shaped, but they are usually constant for each species. Cystidia may also occur on the surface of the pileus or on the stipe. Their exact function is still uncertain but when present they can be of great assistance in the identification of the species.
Figures 37-40. Semidiagrammatic drawings illustrating various types of basidia: 37, basidium of Agaricaceae (a spore, b sterigma, c basidium); 38, basidium of Tremellaceae with longitudinal septa; 39, deeply forked basidium of Dacrymycetaceae ; 40, basidium of Auriculariaceae with transverse septa. Figure 41. Semidiagrammatic drawing of: a ascus containing ascospores, b paraphysis. Figure 42. Diagram illustrating a small section of the lamella of a mushroom: a cystidium, b paraphyses, c basidium, d trama. Figure 43. Diagram of a transverse section of an apothecium: a hymenium composed of asci and paraphyses, b hypothecium, c stipe. Figure 44. Diagram of a transverse section of a perithecium: a ostiole, b perithecial wall, c asci and paraphyses.
Page 1: edible and poisonous mushrooms of C
Page 6 and 7: COVER : The Morchella esculenta (le
Page 8 and 9: Digitized by the Internet Archive i
Page 10 and 11: ©Minister of Supply and Services C
Page 12 and 13: Page Phaeolepiota 190 Flammula 1 90
Page 14 and 15: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many people have be
Page 16 and 17: EDIBLE AND POISONOUS MUSHROOMS OF C
Page 38: EDIBLE AND POISONOUS MUSHROOMS OF C
Page 42 and 43: 28 Figure 67. Lactarius deceptiviis
Page 52 and 53: . EDIBLE AND POISONOUS MUSHROOMS OF
Page 58: EDIBLE AND POISONOUS MUSHROOMS OF C
Page 62: 90 V 92 Figures 90-92, Amanita caes
Page 66 and 67: Figure 115. Amanita virosa: one you
Page 72 and 73:
EDIBLE AND POISONOUS MUSHROOMS OF C
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82:
Page 87 and 88:
RUSSULA RUSSULA MARIAE Peck Edible
Page 89 and 90:
RUSSULA Solitary or gregarious on t
Page 91 and 92:
AMANITA pruinose, pellicle scarcely
Page 93 and 94:
AMANITA 12. Volva powdery; pileus n
Page 95 and 96:
AMANITA This mushroom has been know
Page 97 and 98:
AMANITA AMANITA GEMMATA (Fr.) Gill.
Page 99 and 100:
AMANITA pallid or grayish on the bu
Page 101 and 102:
AMANITA This large Amanita, with it
Page 104:
Figure 150, Lepiota naucina. Note t
Page 107 and 108:
LIMACELLA AMANITOPSIS VAGINATA Fr.
Page 109 and 110:
LEPIOTA Amanita virosa for it. For
Page 111 and 112:
LEPIOTA L. brunnea is distinguished
Page 113 and 114:
LEPIOTA to buff or leather color, s
Page 115 and 116:
ARMILLARIA IMPERIALIS (Fries in Lun
Page 117 and 118:
PLEUROTUS 6. Pileus thin, fragile,
Page 119 and 120:
PLEUROTUS usually lateral or almost
Page 121 and 122:
CLITOCYBE cooking. According to Sin
Page 123 and 124:
109
Page 125 and 126:
Ill
Page 127 and 128:
113
Page 129 and 130:
115
Page 131 and 132:
CLITOCYBE ADIRONDACKENSIS (Pk.) Sac
Page 133 and 134:
CLITOCYBE grayish brown when moist,
Page 135 and 136:
CLITOCYBE dense clusters separate i
Page 137 and 138:
LEUCOPAXILLUS cream, or pale tan on
Page 139 and 140:
TRICHOLOMA 8. Pileus with prominent
Page 141 and 142:
TRICHOLOMA glabrous, sometimes stri
Page 143 and 144:
TRICHOLOMA TRICHOLOMA SEJUNCTUM (So
Page 145 and 146:
HYGROPHORUS MELANOLEUCA ALBOFLAVIDA
Page 147 and 148:
133
Page 149 and 150:
\ 135
Page 151 and 152:
Key HYGROPHORUS 1. Pileus viscid 2
Page 153 and 154:
HYGROPHORUS thick, equal or taperin
Page 155 and 156:
HYGROPHORUS HYGROPHORUS MINIATUS Fr
Page 157 and 158:
HYGROPHORUS thick especially next t
Page 159 and 160:
LACCARIA LACCARIA Species of Laccar
Page 161 and 162:
XEROMPHALINA TENUIPES (Schw.) Smith
Page 163 and 164:
COLLYBIA finally pale yellow, flesh
Page 165 and 166:
COLLYBIA bitter. The dense clusters
Page 168 and 169:
245. Pluteus cervinus. 247. Volvari
Page 170 and 171:
156 to 5 o 3
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
267. Pholiota aurivella. 269. F. ca
Page 190 and 191:
176 ^ yj/s^^^ 119 Figure 277. Mycen
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
Page 200 and 201:
Page 202 and 203:
Page 204 and 205:
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
293. Crepidotus fulvotomentosus. 29
Page 210 and 211:
196 Figures 303-304. Lentinus lepid
Page 212 and 213:
Page 214 and 215:
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Page 222 and 223:
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
214 317. Gyroporus cyanescens. 319.
Page 230 and 231:
Figures 327-329. Volvariella specio
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
234 Figures 341-350 341. Cortinariu
Page 250 and 251:
236 «3 O ft. «0
Page 252 and 253:
Page 254 and 255:
Page 256 and 257:
Page 258 and 259:
Page 260 and 261:
Page 262 and 263:
Page 264 and 265:
Page 266 and 267:
Page 268 and 269:
254 ^;"'"l*'' 363, C lavaria fusifo
Page 270 and 271:
256
Page 272 and 273:
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
Page 278 and 279:
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
EDIIiLH AND POISONOUS MUSHROOMS OF
Page 286 and 287:
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
HDIBLE AND POISONOUS MUSHROOMS OF C
Page 292 and 293:
Page 294 and 295:
Figures 374-383 374. Geastrum tripl
Page 296 and 297:
282 Figure 384. Hebeloma sinapizans
Page 298 and 299:
284 00 90 3
Page 300 and 301:
286 Figures 390-391. Coprinus atram
Page 302 and 303:
288 Figure 394. Panaeolus foeniseci
Page 304 and 305:
290 4 *• Figure 398. Clavaria cin
Page 306 and 307:
292 Figures 404-405. Calvatia gigan
Page 308 and 309:
294 ,' Figure 409. Helvetia crispa.
Page 310 and 311:
296 Figure 413. Pleurotus serotinus
Page 312 and 313:
298 00 .ex -5 a 3 00 3
Page 314 and 315:
300 Figure 420. CUtopilus abortivus
Page 316 and 317:
302 I Figure 424. Panaeolus retirug
Page 318 and 319:
304
Page 320 and 321:
306 Figure 430. Gyromitra infula.
Page 323 and 324:
ABBREVIATIONS OF NAMES OF AUTHORS A
Page 325 and 326:
filiform: very slender, thread-like
Page 327 and 328:
abietina, Russula 62, 74 abortivus,
Page 329 and 330:
Dacrymycetaceae 23, 24, 245 dealbat
Page 331 and 332:
luteovirens, Armillaria 266 lutesce
Page 333 and 334:
septenlrionale, Hydnum 241 sericeum
Page 335 and 336:
ADDENDUM S. A. Redhead Biosystemati
Page 337 and 338:
NOMENCLATURAL AND TAXONOMIC UPDATE
Page 339 and 340:
nigricans, Russula nitidus, Hygroph
Page 345:
CAL'BCA OTTAWA K1A 0C5 >073 0018510
show all

Edible and poisonous mushrooms of Canada

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?