(Stachys: Lamiaceae) from the - Botanical Research Institute of Texas

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14 Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 5(1) Fig. 5. Stachys matthewsii G.P. Fleming, J.B. Nelson, and J.F. Townsend. A. Habit, upper stem. B. Base of stem showing bearded nodes and densely hairy internodes. C. Calyx, S. matthewsii. D. Calyx, S. hispida (for comparison). E. Seed, dorsal view. F. Seed, ventral view (from G.P. Fleming 13418, NCU). Illustration by Lara Call Gastinger. numerous examples of this mountain/Piedmont–coastal Plain disjunction type are described by ware and ware (1992) and macdonald (2000), but the species scutellaria incana Biehler and stewartia ovata (cav.) weath. provide the best analogs for the distribution of stachys matthewsii in Virginia. each is found almost exclusively within the southern Piedmont of Virginia but have outlying populations within the coastal ravine systems discussed here. stachys matthewsii also belongs to a small group of species that have distributions centered in the southeastern Piedmont, sometimes extending into the adjacent inner coastal Plain or to scattered disjunctions in the mountains. five of these species are apparently endemic to Virginia and north carolina: Cardamine micranthera rollins, eupatorium saltuense fernald, hexastylis lewisii (fernald) Blomq. & oosting, Isoetes vir-
Fleming et al., A new species of Stachys from the southeastern United States 15 ginica n. Pfeiff.and Phemeranthus piedmontana S. ware (see ware, this issue). Additional species that occupy a somewhat larger range, occurring primarily from southern maryland or Virginia to South carolina or northeastern georgia, include Clematis ochroleuca Aiton, heuchera caroliniana (rosend., Butters & lakela) e.f. wells, hypericum lloydii (Svens.) w.P. Adams, acmispon helleri (Britton) A.A. heller, Phacelia covillei S. wats. ex A. gray, rhus michauxii Sarg., solidago pinetorum Small, and symphyotrichum grandiflorum (l.) g.l. nesom. Several granite flatrock endemics that also fit this pattern include Cyperus granitophilus mcVaugh, Diamorpha smallii (Britton ex Small), Isoetes piedmontana (n. Pfeiff.) c.f. reed, and Portulaca smallii (P. wilson). Etymology in presenting this new taxon, we have selected the epithet “matthewsii” as a way of honoring James f. matthews, who initiated this process with his early collections, and who alerted nelson to the potential issue. Jim’s record as an outstanding botanist, teacher, and mentor is continued through his dedication to and support for the uncc herbarium; we are honored to recognize him in this way. keys to southeastern stachys Building on the work of nelson (2008), two field keys are provided to aid identification of stachys matthewsii and the integration of this taxon into contemporary treatments of southeastern stachys. the first key uses relative petiole length as the primarily character, while the second uses shape and relative length of the calyx lobes. the user may find that one key has greater utility with a given specimen, and that the use of two approaches is helpful in identifying difficult specimens. key 1 1. Annual; corolla scarcely exserted from calyx ____________________________________________________ S. agraria 1. Perennial: corolla prominently exserted from calyx; widespread. 2. Petioles obvious, those of the mid-stem leaves generally 1∕5 as long as the leaf blades. 3. Calyx tubes glandular. 4. Leaf blade margins dentate or nearly so; stem angles copiously pubescent with long (to 3 mm), spreading hairs ________________________________________________________________ S. clingmanii 4. Leaf blade margins mostly crenate; stem angles glabrate or pubescent with mostly short, retrorse hairs. 5. Leaf blades < 3 cm wide; plants weedy, scarcely 0.75 m tall, with white, rounded tubers terminating rhizomes _________________________________________________________________ S. floridana 5. Leaf blades commonly > 3 cm wide; plants not weedy, commonly 1 m or more tall; rounded tubers absent. 6. Leaf blades ovate, the bases cordate; margins crenulate _______________________________S. cordata 6. Leaf blades elliptic-oblong, the bases rounded to slightly cordate; margins crenate to serrate __________________________________________________________________________ S. nuttallii 3. Calyx not glandular, or very slightly so. 7. Calyx glabrous to sparsely pubescent; petioles well-developed, especially in shade forms ______________________________________________________________________________ S. tenuifolia 7. Calyx variously hairy, but at least hispidulous, frequently strongly hispid; petioles short or long. 8. Petioles usually well developed; stem angles abundantly pubescent with spreading hairs; blade margins dentate _____________________________________________________________ S. clingmanii 8. Petioles short to nearly absent; stem angles commonly pubescent, with retrorse hairs; blade margins serrate _________________________________________________________________ S. hispida 2. Petioles short, those of the mid-stem leaves < 1∕5 as long as the blades or absent. 9. Leaves linear-lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, usually widest at or near the base; leaf margins entire to crenulate, rarely serrulate, and then mostly towards the apex. 10. Upper stem sides prominently pubescent; leaf blades abundantly pubescent below with appressed hairs, thus closely tomentose, the lower surface felty or velvety; corolla purplish; rarely adventive ______________________________________________________________________________S. palustris 10. Upper stem sides glabrous; leaf blades variously pubescent or glabrate, but never felty nor velvety; corolla pink; native species 11. Leaf blades narrow, 3–6 mm wide; plants generally glabrous to moderately pubescent; blade margins entire to obscurely crenulate __________________________________________ S. hyssopifolia
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(Stachys: Lamiaceae) from the - Botanical Research Institute of Texas

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