(Stachys: Lamiaceae) from the - Botanical Research Institute of Texas

Fleming et al., A new species of Stachys from the southeastern United States 15
ginica n. Pfeiff.and Phemeranthus piedmontana S. ware (see ware, this issue). Additional species that occupy
a somewhat larger range, occurring primarily from southern maryland or Virginia to South carolina or
northeastern georgia, include Clematis ochroleuca Aiton, heuchera caroliniana (rosend., Butters & lakela) e.f.
wells, hypericum lloydii (Svens.) w.P. Adams, acmispon helleri (Britton) A.A. heller, Phacelia covillei S. wats.
ex A. gray, rhus michauxii Sarg., solidago pinetorum Small, and symphyotrichum grandiflorum (l.) g.l. nesom.
Several granite flatrock endemics that also fit this pattern include Cyperus granitophilus mcVaugh, Diamorpha
smallii (Britton ex Small), Isoetes piedmontana (n. Pfeiff.) c.f. reed, and Portulaca smallii (P. wilson).
Etymology
in presenting this new taxon, we have selected the epithet “matthewsii” as a way of honoring James f. matthews,
who initiated this process with his early collections, and who alerted nelson to the potential issue. Jim’s
record as an outstanding botanist, teacher, and mentor is continued through his dedication to and support
for the uncc herbarium; we are honored to recognize him in this way.
keys to southeastern stachys
Building on the work of nelson (2008), two field keys are provided to aid identification of stachys matthewsii
and the integration of this taxon into contemporary treatments of southeastern stachys. the first key uses
relative petiole length as the primarily character, while the second uses shape and relative length of the
calyx lobes. the user may find that one key has greater utility with a given specimen, and that the use of
two approaches is helpful in identifying difficult specimens.
key 1
1. Annual; corolla scarcely exserted from calyx ____________________________________________________ S. agraria
1. Perennial: corolla prominently exserted from calyx; widespread.
2. Petioles obvious, those of the mid-stem leaves generally 1∕5 as long as the leaf blades.
3. Calyx tubes glandular.
4. Leaf blade margins dentate or nearly so; stem angles copiously pubescent with long (to 3 mm),
spreading hairs ________________________________________________________________ S. clingmanii
4. Leaf blade margins mostly crenate; stem angles glabrate or pubescent with mostly short, retrorse
hairs.
5. Leaf blades < 3 cm wide; plants weedy, scarcely 0.75 m tall, with white, rounded tubers terminating
rhizomes _________________________________________________________________ S. floridana
5. Leaf blades commonly > 3 cm wide; plants not weedy, commonly 1 m or more tall; rounded
tubers absent.
6. Leaf blades ovate, the bases cordate; margins crenulate _______________________________S. cordata
6. Leaf blades elliptic-oblong, the bases rounded to slightly cordate; margins crenate to serrate
__________________________________________________________________________ S. nuttallii
3. Calyx not glandular, or very slightly so.
7. Calyx glabrous to sparsely pubescent; petioles well-developed, especially in shade forms
______________________________________________________________________________ S. tenuifolia
7. Calyx variously hairy, but at least hispidulous, frequently strongly hispid; petioles short or long.
8. Petioles usually well developed; stem angles abundantly pubescent with spreading hairs; blade
margins dentate _____________________________________________________________ S. clingmanii
8. Petioles short to nearly absent; stem angles commonly pubescent, with retrorse hairs; blade
margins serrate _________________________________________________________________ S. hispida
2. Petioles short, those of the mid-stem leaves < 1∕5 as long as the blades or absent.
9. Leaves linear-lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, usually widest at or near the base; leaf margins entire
to crenulate, rarely serrulate, and then mostly towards the apex.
10. Upper stem sides prominently pubescent; leaf blades abundantly pubescent below with appressed
hairs, thus closely tomentose, the lower surface felty or velvety; corolla purplish; rarely adventive
______________________________________________________________________________S. palustris
10. Upper stem sides glabrous; leaf blades variously pubescent or glabrate, but never felty nor velvety;
corolla pink; native species
11. Leaf blades narrow, 3–6 mm wide; plants generally glabrous to moderately pubescent; blade
margins entire to obscurely crenulate __________________________________________ S. hyssopifolia