Diseases of the Lung and Respiratory Tract Part
Diseases of the Lung and Respiratory Tract Part
Diseases of the Lung and Respiratory Tract Part
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Pneumonia<br />
• “Old Man’s Friend”—Final common pathway<br />
• <strong>Lung</strong> is #1 site for infections that cause lost workdays<br />
• Impairment <strong>of</strong> defense mechanisms or host resistance<br />
– Normal defense mechanisms:<br />
• Nasal clearance (sneezing, blowing, swallowing)<br />
• Mucociliary elevator (smoking)<br />
• Alveolar clearance (alveolar macrophages)<br />
– Host resistance<br />
• Age<br />
• Intoxication<br />
• O<strong>the</strong>r diseases<br />
• Bronchopneumonia vs. Lobar pneumonia<br />
– Bronchopneumonia<br />
• Patchy consolidation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> lung centered on bronchi<br />
• Neutrophils in bronchi, bronchioles <strong>and</strong> adjacent alveolar spaces<br />
– Lobar pneumonia<br />
• Consolidation <strong>of</strong> entire lung<br />
• Rare because <strong>of</strong> antibiotics<br />
• Vulnerable patients<br />
– Old<br />
– Young<br />
– Drunks<br />
• Congestion, red hepatization, grey hepatization, resolution
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