Oahu's 8-inch Naval Turret Batteries 1942-1949 - Personal Page of ...

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February 2008 The Coast Defense Journal Page 7 One of USS Lexington’s two forward 8-inch gun mounts after removal at Pearl Harbor. USN Photo, USAMH On April 4, 1942, Rear Adm. William R. Furlong, commandant of the Pearl Harbor Navy Yard, wrote General Emmons that the chief of naval operations had authorized removal of the 8-inch battery from Lexington and their transfer to the Army. Time constraints did not allow the dismantling of Lexington’s mounts as was done with Saratoga’s. The mounts were stored intact at the Waipio Point Naval Reservation (Pearl Harbor), along with spare parts and other material, which were turned over to the navy yard supply officer until required by the army. Admiral Furlong specified that the transfer of the mounts and other material to the army be completed at the earliest feasible date and that the mounts be taken to an army site. Furlong requested an army officer be sent to the navy yard to confer with Industrial Department officers relative to transporting the turrets.(8) Powder-passing scuttles used with naval broadside guns. Naval Ordnance, 1939
Volume 22, Issue 1 The Coast Defense Journal Page 8 On April 8, 1942, Colonel Lyman, Hawaiian Department engineer, requested the navy provide “All appurtenant ammunition handling gear, including particularly eight powder passing scuttles (bulkhead type), and such horizontal conveyors and slides as are available be also furnished.”(9) Lyman’s second request to Furlong on April 15, 1942, regarded dismantling Lexington’s 8-inch gun mounts. Lyman requested that the heaviest piece of the turret assembly not weigh more than 40 tons, as “the equipment available for hauling and the condition of the battery roads would not permit handling of loads in excess of that weight.”(10) This marked the first time naval turret mounts had been emplaced on shore as seacoast artillery for the U.S., and paved the way for two even larger and more complex NT batteries built later on Oahu, the 14-inch NT batteries Arizona and Pennsylvania. The 8-inch NT battery project was completely foreign to the design division of the district engineer’s office; the whole layout of the batteries required considerable ingenuity on their part. Upon completion, however, the batteries proved very successful, being rated four of the best seacoast batteries.(11) Capt. Lawrence Guyer (USMA ‘29), Hawaiian Seacoast Artillery Command (HSAC), was instrumental in establishing numerous seacoast batteries on Oahu, including the four 8-inch turret mounts and the colossal Batteries Arizona and Pennsylvania. In early 1942, Captain Guyer donned diving gear and joined navy divers in examining Arizona’s two aft turrets at Pearl Harbor to determine if they could be salvaged, and was awarded the Bronze Star for his meritorious conduct. As a lieutenant in 1940, Guyer had been engaged in reactivating the old harbor defenses of Portsmouth, NH, rebuilding submarine mine and seacoast defenses around Fort Constitution.(12) The HSAC was formed when the HSCAB was disbanded on March 16, 1942, separating antiaircraft from seacoast artillery. Brig. Gen. Robert C. Garrett, CG HSAC, was given administrative and tactical jurisdiction over all seacoast artillery units within the Hawaiian Department.(13) Antiaircraft artillery came under the Hawaiian Antiaircraft Command, and Major General Burgin became CG Hawaiian Artillery Command and Hawaiian Department artillery officer. 8-inch/55-caliber naval turret mount. Dan Rowbottom from American Seacoast Defenses, used with permission by artist
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Oahu's 8-inch Naval Turret Batteries 1942-1949 - Personal Page of ...

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