don reserve environmental management plan - Devonport City ...

DON RESERVE ENVIRONMENTAL 

MANAGEMENT PLAN 

Prepared by John Molnar 

(Environmental Planner, Devonport City Council) 

December 2002

Don Reserve Environmental Management Plan 

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Table of Contents 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................3 

1.0 Introduction .......................................................................4 

1.1 INTENTION OF THE PLAN.......................................................................................................4 

1.2 LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION ...............................................................................................5 

1.3 BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................6 

1.4 THE PLANNING PROCESS .....................................................................................................7 

1.5 MANAGEMENT PLAN DURATION ...........................................................................................7 

2.0 Administrative Framework ...............................................8 

2.1 DEVONPORT & ENVIRONS PLANNING SCHEME 1984 & LAND TENURE.................................8 

2.2 LEGISLATION ........................................................................................................................8 

3.0 Reserve Vision and Objectives ......................................10 

VISION STATEMENT................................................................................................................ 10 

4.0 Environmental .................................................................12 

4.1 WATER QUALITY ................................................................................................................ 13 

4.2 FLORA AND VEGETATION.................................................................................................... 14 

4.3 FAUNA................................................................................................................................ 19 

4.4 GEOLOGY ........................................................................................................................... 24 

4.5 PROTECTION....................................................................................................................... 26 

4.5.1 Weed management ..................................................................................................... 26 

4.5.2 Fire Management ........................................................................................................ 28 

5.0 Management of Human Use ...........................................29 

5.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 29 

5.2 ABORIGINAL HERITAGE STUDY........................................................................................... 29 

5.3 HISTORIC HERITAGE........................................................................................................... 30 

5.4 RECREATIONAL .................................................................................................................. 31 

5.5 TOURISM ............................................................................................................................ 34 

5.6 ACCESS & TRACKS ............................................................................................................ 35 

5.6 1 Interpretation and Education.................................................................................... 36 

5.6.2 Community Awareness and Involvement............................................................... 38 

6.0 Implementation and Review ...........................................39 

6.1 MONITORING AND EVALUATION .............................................................................................. 39 

6.2 RESEARCH ............................................................................................................................. 40 

7.0 References.......................................................................41 

GLOSSARY ............................................................................................................................... 42 

APPENDIX 1.0 FLORA SURVEY....................................................................................... 43 

APPENDIX 2.0 FAUNA SURVEY....................................................................................... 47 

APPENDIX 3.0 MANAGING WEEDS ................................................................................ 53 

APPENDIX 4.0 WALKS IN DEVONPORT......................................................................... 56 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 

Phil Murray (Devonport City Council Bushland Co-ordinator) 

Nick Fitzgerald (Bushcare Technical Officer) 

Phil Bell and Greg Blake (Reserve Design and Management) 

Liz Rollins (Bushcare Support Officer)


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

This management plan aims to protect, restore and manage 

the remnant bushland of the Don Reserve to provide the 

necessary elements for a healthy ecosystem. 

The competing interests of urban activities together with 

natural occurrences as shown by the fierce windstorm of July 

2000 have progressively degraded the remnant vegetation. It is 

proposed to strategically manage the Don Reserve and 

instigate appropriate and coordinated on-ground works to 

remove competing weeds, encourage natural revegetation and 

monitor ecological communities including the habitat of 

threatened species such as Swift Parrot and Eastern Barred 

Bandicoot. Background information through fauna, flora 

surveys and weed mapping provide management strategies to 

direct appropriate conservation & rehabilitation activities. 

The 70Ha Don Reserve is dominated by shrubby black gum 

forest (Eucalyptus ovata) with intermittent areas of brown top 

stringy bark forest (E. obliqua), coastal white gum forest (E. 

viminalis) and coastal black peppermint forest (E. amygdalina). 

Swamp paperbark forest (Melaleuca ericifolia) also occurs 

along the estuarine flats and in wet sections of the Reserve. 

Shrubby black gum forest and coastal white gum forest are 

extremely important conservation elements as both are 

endangered plant communities within Tasmania. The Don 

Reserve supports the largest remnant of black gum forest 

along the entire northern Tasmanian coastline. Such trees are 

also a very important food source for the endangered swift 

parrot (Lathamus discolor) as it migrates between Tasmania 

and mainland Australia. The swift parrot breeds exclusively in 

Tasmania showing Tasmania’s importance to the survival of 

the species. The Don Reserve also functions as an important 

corridor for plant and animal distribution from the coast to 

Kelcey Tier Greenbelt. The Reserve is a significant 

conservation asset for Devonport and the North West region of 

Tasmania. 

The Reserve is important for recreational use by locals and 

visitors alike for walking, cycling and fitness pursuits including 

swimming at the Devonport Aquatic Centre. These activities 

are seen to contribute to the experience of the Reserve but 

require appropriate management practices to coexist with the 

bushland environment.


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This management plan will also address the concerns of fire in 

the Reserve and contribute to an appropriate fire management 

strategy to guide future use and maintenance procedures. 

The combination of spectacular bush scenery, wildlife and 

recreational activities provide an excellent opportunity for 

interpretation signage and environmental education. The 

Reserve also has educational value in showing what can be 

achieved given the efforts of volunteers such as the Friends of 

Don Reserve group. 

This management plan advocates the prevention of bush 

degradation and as such it is imperative to instigate 

rehabilitation works aiming for a self sustaining and healthy 

ecosystem within an urban environment. The success of this 

management plan requires a joint commitment between 

Devonport City Council, relevant stakeholders and the 

community. 

Figure 1 Storm damaged area, July 2000 

1.1 Intention of the Plan 

1.0 Introduction 

It is the intention of the author that this plan provides; 

v Background information on the natural values of the 

Reserve; 

v Sets objectives and actions for management of the 

Reserve; and 

v Sets achievable goals to protect, enhance and 

publicise the natural values of the Reserve.


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This plan is intended to direct stakeholders / land manager (eg 

Devonport City Council) and community groups. It has been prepared 

by Devonport City Council’s Environmental Planner, John Molnar, with 

funding from the Australian Government’s Natural Heritage Trust. 

Figure 2 View of remnant Coastal White Gum Forest from across Don Estuary 

1.2 Location and Description 

The City of Devonport is located on the Mersey River in the heart of the 

North West Coast of Tasmania. It is a river port and the home port of 

the current Spirit of Tasmania I & II, the passenger and vehicular ferries 

which connects Devonport with Melbourne. Whilst located close to the 

Tasmanian high country, including spectacular Cradle Mountain, 

Devonport is favoured with a temperate coastal climate influenced by 

the ocean. The Council is small in area at only 116 sq. kms however is 

the centre for a rich agricultural district which produces over 40% of 

Tasmania's vegetable crops (Beans, Onions, Peas, and Potatoes etc) 

and very significant values of cereals, oil poppies, pyrethrum and other 

crops. Dairy production and processing is also significant 

Devonport is particularly well provided for in its reserves and 

recreational facilities. Parkland, which has been established along the 

Mersey Estuary, along its coastal foreshore and in the Don River 

valley, contains a cycling & walking track linking many of the City's 

recreational facilities. 

The Don Reserve is a narrow strip, between 20 & 100 metres wide and 

about 2 kilometres long, of remnant vegetation on the eastern bank of 

the Don River. It is situated 5 kilometres west of the city centre of 

Devonport, Tasmania and occupies an area of approximately 70Ha. To 

the north is Bass Strait and the marine habitat of the Don Heads and 

Coles Beach, to the east the urban areas of Devonport which extends


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right to the edge of the Reserve, whilst the west is dominated by rural 

and rural residential activities on the Don, largely pasture and cultivated 

land. There is also the estuarine environment of the Don River in which 

the complex mud flats habitat are subject to tidal flow which combines 

both river and sea life. The Reserve is predominately woodland 

vegetation covering a series of ancient marine terraces created in 

earlier times by rising and falling sea-levels. The area is unique as 

several distinctive environments merge. 

The Don River historic rail line also runs north / south through the 

Reserve with its depot located at the southern end. 

Recommendation; 

It is recommended that further reviews incorporate the western 

riparian area of the Don estuary. This area shares similarity in 

vegetation and provision of recreational facilities such as the 

Waverley Road walking track and is connected to the Reserve by 

the pedestrian Sawdust Bridge. Expanding an environmental 

management plan to take in the riparian vegetation of the entire 

estuary would be a positive move in catchment management. 

1.3 Background 

Investigations have revealed no previous reports concerning the Don 

Reserve however the following provide a general context; 

v Kelcey Tier Green Belt Landscape Management Plan, 1992, 

Jerry de Gryse investigated the hills environment overlooking 

Devonport and made the observation that “Of necessity it was 

deemed important to find means of linking the Greenbelt to 

other natural areas (to preserve natural values), other public 

recreation areas, and the greater population of Devonport”; 

v Mersey Bluff Management Plan, 1998, Gerner Consulting 

Group Pty Ltd & Associates, identified and assessed the 

physical, natural and cultural values of the Mersey Bluff area 

and described landscape and environment values of the Bluff; 

v Don Rivercare Plan and Initial Works Plan, 2002, Armstrong 

Agricultural Services Pty Ltd assessed the Don catchment and 

stated environmental priorities and works to rehabilitate the river 

and associated riparian vegetation. The Don Estuary was 

identified as having one of the highest priorities for 

environmental works. 

The Tasmanian Arts Council, on behalf of Devonport Council, produced 

a report, “Cultural Planning Consultancy Paper, 1994”, which


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highlighted the importance of the Don Reserve, Victoria Parade and the 

Bluff as “enhancements to the city’s physical appearance”. 

This plan accords with the intent of the state government’s Tasmanian 

Natural Resource Management Framework (2002), which recognises 

the need for integrated management of Tasmania’s natural resources. 

Success of Natural Heritage Trust funding for the rehabilitation of the 

Don Reserve together with the creation of two new Council positions of 

Environmental Planner & Bushland Coordinator illustrates Devonport 

City Council’s recent commitment to effective natural resource 

management. 

1.4 The Planning Process 

Project Inception 

Resource commitment from Devonport City Council, 2001 

Funding from the Natural Heritage Trust, 2001 

Creation and appointment of Environmental Planner, 2001 and 

Bushland Coordinator 2002. 

Site Investigation and Consultation 

Onsite investigations with Council staff 

Consultation with stakeholders and government agencies inc. 

Bushcare, Land and Water Management Branch and 

Threatened Species Unit (Department of Primary Industries, 

Water & Environment) 

Public information night 

Creation of Friends of Don Reserve group, 2001 

Stakeholder group formed 2001 

Draft Management Plans 

Preparation of draft management plans 

Exhibit documents for public comment and submissions 

Obtain specialist information eg aboriginal heritage and flora & 

fauna surveys. 

Final Management Plan 

Endorsement by Council 

Present to community 

1.5 Management Plan Duration 

This management plan should be reviewed at five year intervals. 

However, if additional information becomes available or 

circumstances warrant an amendment, then appropriate 

consultations should occur, as required.


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2.0 Administrative Framework 

2.1 Devonport & Environs Planning Scheme 1984 & Land 

Tenure 

Development within the Don Reserve is administered under the 

Devonport & Environs Planning Scheme 1984. Within this document 

the Don Reserve is reserved as; 

· Public Open Space for Botanical Gardens, Public Recreation, 

Recreational Grounds, Museums and Zoos and the installation 

of sewers and drains and similar public works. Public Recreation 

means the use of land or buildings for parks, public gardens, 

foreshore reserves, playgrounds, sports grounds, or other 

grounds for recreation which are normally open to the public 

without charge; and 

· Public Purpose (The Don College) for Government purposes, 

Council purposes, Community Centres, Education 

Establishments, Hospitals, Health Centres, Car Parks, 

Cemeteries & Crematoria, Welfare Institutions and Churches. 

The following summarises the current land tenure; 

Actions; 

v Central area including the aquatic centre is leased from 

the Crown until 2009. The lease allows the use for 

“Recreational Purposes”; 

v Don College occupies Crown land to the north which is 

administered by State Education Department; and 

v Railway corridor used by the Don River Historic Railway 

(also known as the Van Diemen Light Railway Society 

Inc.) is leased under a fifty year lease from the Devonport 

City Council commencing 2001. It is leased for the use as 

a railway heritage tourist attraction. 

v Review existing lease arrangements and modify to 

protect conservation values as described in this Plan. 

2.2 Legislation 

Federal Legislation 

· Environment Protection & Biodiversity Conservation Act 

1999 

· Crown Lands Act 1976


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Figure 3 Map of Don Reserve


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State Legislation 

· National Parks & Wildlife Act 1970 and National Parks & 

Wildlife Regulations 1971 

· Aboriginal Relics Act 1975 

· Tasmanian Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 

· Weed Management Act 1999 

· Land Use Planning and Approvals Act 1993 

State Policies 

· State Policy on Water Quality Management 1997 

3.0 Reserve Vision and Objectives 

It is intended that this plan strategically integrate Council, stakeholders 

and the community in protecting the health and biodiversity of the Don 

Reserve whilst acknowledging the urban context and associated 

recreational uses. The plan also provides a framework for both council 

works programs and volunteers. 

The plan provides environmental management controls and requires 

ongoing assessments, recommend on ground works, continued 

monitoring and public reassessment of this management plan. It is 

equally important that interpretation signage & brochures as well as 

environmental education be promoted. 

VISION STATEMENT 

The Don Reserve showcases how remnant bush can coexist with 

suburban Devonport and still maintain a healthy and diverse 

ecosystem. 

Biodiversity is preserved by promoting the importance of flora 

and fauna corridors between the coast and inland areas such as 

the Kelcey Tier Greenbelt. 

Significant vegetation communities and associated animal life 

exist within the Reserve of a state and or commonwealth 

importance and consequently require effective protection of the 

remnant ecosystem. 

Devonport Council’s intention for a Garden City is largely 

dependent on its unique natural environment such as the Don 

Reserve. Bushland is an important resource both in an 

environmental and recreational sense.


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Undertake identification and protection of Aboriginal sites & 

values. 

As an important remnant of indigenous vegetation the natural 

habitat of the Don Reserve defines who we are as Tasmanians and 

equally provides visitors to our state with a Tasmanian 

experience. 

The Don Reserve provides an educational & hands on experience 

in environmental management practices to residents, students 

and visitors. Local educational establishments such as The Don 

College & Nixon Street Primary School can readily access and 

experience the natural environment in a practical manner. 

Short Term Objectives 

Establish and continually support local community interests such as 

Friends of Don Reserve bushland group. 

Native animals are to be protected by enhancing indigenous vegetation 

and limiting impacts from cats and dogs. The habitat of the swift parrot 

and eastern barred bandicoot is to be enhanced. 

The protection of significant environmental values associated with 

remnant indigenous vegetation and animals. 

Control and eradicate weed species in conjunction with the Department 

of Primary Industries, Water & Environment and Bushcare Tasmania. 

This is to be in conjunction with revegetation using local provenance 

(indigenous) species. 

Prioritise and remove exotic plants (inc. non-indigenous natives) 

dependent upon weed risks and potential detrimental impacts on 

indigenous plants and ecosystems. 

Stabilise damaged areas by encouraging natural regeneration using 

existing brush matting and / or replanting with indigenous flora. 

Promote environmental awareness through interpretative signage 

based upon an established theme such as forest types. 

Emphasise the need for management and conservation of an urban 

bush reserve which also provides recreational opportunities. 

Long Term Objectives


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Encourage stewardship by promoting community involvement in Don 

Reserve activities and reviews of management plan. 

Maintain and enhance flora & fauna diversity and allow the natural 

ecosystem to function with minimal human intervention. Protect the 

habitat of fauna dependent upon mature black gum and white gum 

forest communities and in particular threatened fauna such as the swift 

parrot and eastern barred bandicoot. 

Protect and enhance the water quality of the Don River Estuary. 

Conserve sites of cultural significance. 

Reduce the impact of events such as fire and storm by providing 

maintenance and rehabilitation procedures as deemed appropriate. 

Wildfires may be lessened by effective maintenance procedures such 

as low intensity controlled burns where appropriate and undertake 

awareness campaigns. 

Provide opportunities for sustainable recreation and eco-tourism 

activities and continue to promote the values of the nature reserve to 

residents & visitors. 

Provide a working example of bush rehabilitation with educational / 

interpretative promotions of the environmental assets of the area 

including recognition of the value of remnant bush habitat. 

Showcase the ability of a remnant bush and recreational activities to be 

managed in a cooperative manner without detriment to the health of the 

ecosystem. 

Highlight the environmental values of the Reserve as promoting 

appropriate regional natural resource management. 

Continue volunteer co-management of the reserve with “Friends of Don 

Reserve” and encourage further community involvement. 

Eradication or control of weeds species where practical. 

4.0 Environmental 

The natural values of the area are largely based upon the remnant 

natural ecological communities. The Reserve remains in relatively good 

health with significant remnant vegetation and faunal communities 

given the natural values have been altered by nearby urban 

development (Fitzgerald, 2002, Bushcare). Report from Bushcare 

confirms that the Don Reserve has a high conservation value and 

consequently high priority for protection and conservation management 

on a local, state and bio-regional scale.


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Remnant areas of black gum, white gum and swamp paperbark 

illustrate past vegetation types along North West Tasmania’s coastline. 

Clearing for agricultural use and urban expansion in the region together 

with ongoing degradation has occurred due to apathy and ignorance of 

the values of remnant bush. Vegetation clearance for walkers or 

service requirements, if unregulated, provides locations for weed 

infestations, damage to indigenous plants and soil erosion. 

The habitat value of remnant bush is enhanced if it is linked or is close 

to other patches of bush. Enhancement of bush in surrounding areas, 

either public or private owned, can function as a nature corridor or a 

buffer between bush and urban development. 

Aims: 

v To preserve & protect existing bushland and to enhance 

biodiversity. 

v Obtain expert assistance from Bushcare, Parks & Wildlife, 

the Threatened Species Unit and the Department of 

Primary Industry, Water and the Environment. 

v Encourage stakeholders and property owners adjacent to 

the Reserve to maintain their native vegetation and 

progressively remove exotic weed species. 

v Encourage local stewardship and responsibility of an 

individual’s action on a public reserve by involving 

community members. 

v Maintain links to neighbouring bush reserves as a nature 

corridor. 

4.1 Water Quality 

The Don Reserve is situated on the banks of the Don Estuary and 

functions as an environmental buffer between the estuary and urban 

development. 

Various streams flowing through the Reserve have suffered with water 

impurities through urban stormwater discharges and loss of streamside 

(riparian) vegetation. Likewise there is evidence of land forms 

associated with past lagoons / wetlands which have been drained due 

to urban development. Consequently the natural filtration associated 

with wetlands has been compromised as urban stormwater is piped 

directly into the Don estuary.


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Stormwater and wastewater must not prejudice the achievement of the 

water quality objectives as established under the State Policy as 

established under the State Policy on Water Quality Management 

1997. 

Actions: 

v Investigate the feasibility of re-establishing wetlands at 

the northern end of the Reserve adjacent to The Don 

College Oval with appropriate flood mitigation controls. 

v Stormwater to be drained to prevent erosion or pollution 

of existing surface, ground and river / coastal waters. 

v Rehabilitate degraded stream banks flowing through the 

Don Reserve. 

v Establish water testing points, in conjunction with 

Waterwatch, to monitor the health of stream water and 

undertake appropriate investigations and remedial work. 

v Minimise adverse impacts on existing drainage patterns 

with particular note of black gum & swamp paperbark 

forests. Establish a works procedure. 

4.2 Flora and Vegetation 

The Don Reserve has conservation significance as it supports the 

largest single patch of black gum forest (Eucalyptus ovata) along the 

north coast of Tasmania (Richard Barnes, 2001). Shrubby black gum 

forest and coastal white gum forest are threatened species under the 

Tasmanian Regional Forest Agreement. These forest types have been 

extensively cleared with less than 2% remaining. 

A botanical survey recording native and exotic flora in the reserve was 

undertaken in late 2001 and early January 2002 by Bushcare 

(Fitzgerald 2002) and members of the Australian Plant Society. One 

hundred and sixty-four plant species were recorded during the surveys. 

Of these, 4 are endemic to Tasmania, and 43 introduced. Many of the 

introduced plants are recognised as environmental weeds (capable of 

invading and degrading native vegetation). A few additional exotic 

pasture species associated with areas of garden, lawn and playing 

fields were not recorded. A full list of plant species in the Reserve 

as of January 2002 is given in appendix 1. 

The following provides a summary of the vegetation communities 

identified by Bushcare; 

v Eucalyptus viminalis (white gum) coastal shrubby forest occurs 

at the northern end of the reserve adjacent to The Don College


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Oval with a narrow strip extending south beside the railway line 

and is considered to be in good condition. Within the local 

Flinders bioregion the conservation status of coastal white gum 

forest is considered rare and is given the highest level of 

conservation priority for plant communities (category 1, 

CARSAG 2000). There are very few patches of this 

vegetation type remaining on the north coast. 

v Eucalyptus ovata (black gum) and sedgey / shrubby forest is 

the dominant vegetation community within the Reserve. Much of 

the central area of the Reserve south of The Don College is 

dominated by this vegetation type. Most of the Eucalyptus ovata 

forest is intact and healthy; however there are localised weed 

infestations. The condition of this community ranges from poor 

to excellent. Black gum forest is of very high conservation 

value throughout Tasmania. In this bioregion it is underreserved 

and is considered endangered (category 1, CARSAG 

2000). 

v Melaleuca ericifolia (swamp paperbark) forest is located 

generally on the mud flats at the edges of the estuary, 

particularly at the southern end of the reserve. Black gums are 

present at some sites, which represent a transition between pure 

stands of swamp paperbark and black gum forest with swamp 

paperbark understorey. In this local bioregion swamp paperbark 

forest is considered rare and is given a high level of 

conservation priority (category 2, CARSAG 2000). 

v Eucalyptus amygdalina (black peppermint) occupies the drier 

parts of the Reserve located on higher ground along the estuary 

and slopes near Steele Street & the aquatic centre. Coastal 

black peppermint forest is widespread and well reserved and 

therefore has relatively low conservation significance 

(category 1, CARSAG 2000). However all areas of native 

vegetation are important and should be conserved adding 

significant diversity of habitats and species to the reserve. 

v Damp sclerophyll forest is typically dominated by a mixture of 

eucalypt species and is often transitional between wet and dry 

forest types. Only a relatively small area occupying a drainage 

line near the cricket ground exists in the southern part of the 

Reserve. In this bioregion damp sclerophyll forest is considered 

rare and depleted from its former extent and is given a very 

high level of conservation priority (category 1, CARSAG 

2000). 

v Acacia sophorae shrubland (coast wattle) is typical of coastal 

sandy soils and occurs as small isolated patches at the northern 

extreme of the Reserve. The condition is poor with patches


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infested with blackberry and other weeds. The conservation 

value of sand dune vegetation (including A. sophorae) is a high 

priority non-forest community (TVMS Scientific Reference 

Group 2000). 

v Small patches of Austrostipa stipoides, coastal spear grass 

saltmarsh, have been mapped on the more elevated mudflats. 

Larger areas are to be found in the adjacent estuary outside the 

area of this plan. The general condition is good and such 

Graminoid saltmarsh is a high priority non-forest community 

(TVMS Scientific Reference Group 2000). 

v Areas of exotic parkland including introduced trees / shrubs 

and grasses exist especially near the aquatic centre. A row of 

exotic trees & non indigenous shrubs occurs along the sealed 

walking track between the two creeks near the southern end of 

the Reserve and adjoins a stand of large pine trees. 

Figure 4 Forest near Olympic Swimming Pool 

Objectives – Flora and Vegetation; 

Protect, maintain and monitor natural flora diversity. Of high importance 

is the protection and enhancement of black gum forest for its own 

endangered status and as a significant feeding source for the 

threatened swift parrot. Protect and enhance the black gum forest 

community with emphasis on the requirements of the swift parrot and 

the habitat of Black eyed Susan (Tetratheca ciliata) which is listed as 

rare in Tasmania. 

Promote natural revegetation assisted with plantings propagated from 

seed and other plant materials (local provenance) from the locality.


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This protects and promotes the local gene pool and is considered best 

practice for revegetation. 

Maintenance practices should not adversely prevent natural seeding of 

native vegetation. 

Actions: 

v Improve community awareness by distributing leaflets promoting 

“a good bushland neighbour’ theme ie the benefits of 

indigenous plants and the hazards of weed infestations. 

v Establish photo points to monitor changes over time assessing 

the success of environmental works within the Reserve. 

v Investigations into surface drainage to consider whether to 

continue or enhance "ponding" of surface waters or to increase 

the provision of drains in low lying areas where the hydrology 

has been modified. 

v Identification of threatened species habitat and preventative 

management strategies to minimise impact upon plants by 

rehabilitating existing areas. Identify areas especially close to 

walking tracks and undertake rehabilitation works. 

v Deter the removal of fire wood and paperbark saplings unless 

approved. Priority is to be given to retaining natural habitat. 

v Investigate legislation / legal controls such as conservation 

covenants and Land for Wildlife program to protect 

environmental values. 

v Some weed species including blackberries may be providing 

habitat for native animals consequently their removal should be 

gradual and replaced with indigenous plants or pruning / trash. 

As recommended in the following Fauna survey. 

v Prepare a weeds management strategy in consultation with 

Bushcare and Department of Primary Industries, Water & the 

Environment (DPIWE). A resultant weed control plan would 

describe the botanical values of the area and the actions and 

strategies needed to control weeds or exotic species.


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Figure 5 Remnant Fern Glade with invasive weeds on adjacent trees 

Figure 6 Vegetation Map, 2002


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4.3 Fauna 

A fauna survey, by RD&M consultants was undertaken in late May 

2002 which included observation, local information and live trapping 

(Lists of animals previously seen and recorded in survey are included 

in Appendix 2). The faunal consultants did comment on the 

unseasonal weather conditions having an impact on the survey 

however follow-up surveys during the project period in 2002 did provide 

additional invertebrate information. This clearly highlights the need for 

additional surveys over a number of years and seasons to provide a 

more detailed picture. 

This survey confirmed there is little evidence of invasion of the Reserve 

by introduced fauna further supporting the Bushcare assessment that 

the Reserve is largely intact and representative of the diversity of native 

and modified vegetation habitats. 

A total of nine mammal species were recorded in the Reserve including 

echidna, eastern barred bandicoot, southern brown bandicoot, brushtailed 

possum, ring-tailed possum, long-nosed potoroo, Tasmanian 

pademelon, Bennett’s wallaby (uncommon) and swamp rat. 

The report also identified the likely existence of the water rat and a 

further 4 species, the sugar glider, eastern and little pygmy possums 

and white-footed dunnart, and 8 bat species may also occur in the 

Reserve. In total, 10 species of mammal are either known or very likely 

to occur in the Reserve, and there are a further 12 species which may 

occur in the Reserve. This represents a substantial proportion (65%) of 

the state’s total mammal fauna i.e. 34 species that are known or likely 

to be present within a relatively small area. Refer to Table 3 Appendix 

2 which provides list of native mammal species recorded or deemed 

likely to occur. 

Particular note is made of the eastern barred bandicoot which the 

commonwealth lists as vulnerable given its decline on the mainland. 

Consequently habitat preservation is important to this mammal’s 

ongoing existence. Refer to Tables 7 & 8, Appendix 2 which provides 

lists of fauna species of conservation significance in the Reserve and 

recorded within 5 kilometres. The fauna survey noted that the Reserve 

supports a diversity of bird species whilst lacking raptors. Sixty-five 

species were recorded including the noteworthy swift parrot and 

masked owl both of which are threatened species. Refer to Table 4, 

Appendix 2 for a full list of native bird species. 

The significance of the black gum forest in providing a valuable feeding 

source to the swift parrot was also reinforced. It should also be noted 

that DPIWE has produced a Swift Parrot Recovery Plan, 2001 which 

emphasises the listing as endangered under the Commonwealth 

Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1995 and 

endangered under schedule 3 of the Tasmanian Threatened Species


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Protection Act 1995. The swift parrot population is estimated at being 

less than 2,500 mature individuals and that a decline in numbers is 

projected unless action is taken to address the threats to the species. It 

is recommended that efforts be undertaken to support the recovery 

plan as deemed appropriate in the Don Reserve. In essence this would 

mean preserving and enhancing the black gum forest community ie its 

feeding source. 

The report from RD&M made particular reference to the presence of 

feral cats and uncontrolled domestic cats and dogs within the Reserve 

in posing a significant threat to the viability of populations of small 

ground dwelling mammals such as bandicoots, potoroos and reptiles in 

the Reserve. The major times of concern were during periods of weed / 

vegetation removal. It was recommended that a program to control / 

eliminate feral cats from the Reserve be implemented and the use of 

the Reserve by uncontrolled domestic pets, cats and dogs, be 

prohibited. The preservation of suitable habitat is the single most 

important requirement for maintaining healthy mammal populations 

within the Reserve. The isolation of the Reserve located between the 

urban areas of Devonport and cleared pastureland on the western side 

of the Don River gives this patch of remnant native habitat added 

importance. A significant bottleneck and obstacle to mammal dispersal 

exists at the southern end of the Reserve. The Reserve is separated 

from native vegetation on ‘Kelcey Tier’ by developed land, Stony Rise 

Road and the Bass Highway. Given the small size of the Reserve, even 

small, incremental incursions into the remaining native vegetation may 

further impact on mammal populations. 

Objectives: 

Protection of significant fauna with particular note of the swift parrot, 

eastern barred bandicoot and masked owls and associated flora values 

of the Reserve. 

Restoration of natural values of the Reserve that have become 

damaged and/or degraded. 

Maintenance of modified areas of the Reserve such as parkland and 

railway lines free of significant environmental weeds. 

Control or eradication of significant environmental weeds within the 

natural areas of the Reserve. 

Mitigation of off-reserve threats to the natural values of the Reserve. 

Actions: 

v Minimise clearing and modification of existing native vegetation.


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v Maintain fallen logs & forest debris with due consideration of fire 

safety. 

v Clearing, even small, incremental incursions into the remaining 

native vegetation should be strictly avoided. 

v Undertake the requirements under the Swift Parrot Recovery 

Plan 2001 in protecting and managing the habitat of swift 

parrots. 

Weeds and Exotic Vegetation 

Environmental weeds generally impact upon native flora and fauna 

habitat by displacing local plant species which may reduce the 

availability of suitable habitat and/or food. Conversely environmental 

weeds can enhance habitat conditions for both native and introduced 

pest animals in the short term by providing shelter and foods. In 

particular the dense cover of blackberry and gorse adjacent to open 

grassland areas would be beneficial to many native fauna, particularly 

species such as the eastern barred bandicoot, brown bandicoot, longnosed 

potoroo, Tasmanian pademelon and Bennett’s wallaby. However 

“in the present case, it is clearly possible to remove all blackberry and 

other woody environmental weeds without major detriment to the native 

mammal fauna” (RD&M 2002).This is largely due to the availability of 

areas of tall grasses at the edges of mowed areas and in particular 

beneath boobyalla Acacia sophorae and other native shrubs. 

Especially in the short term during weed eradication such areas should 

be maintained. The indigenous understorey of sword sedges 

Lepidosperma spp. and sagg Lomandra longifolia in the native forest 

habitat, particularly in black gum forest provides native cover. 

Numerous areas of open exotic grassland occur in the Reserve, 

particularly in the north alongside the railway line, adjacent to the 

aquatic centre, and in the area known as the ‘basin’. This grassland, 

although exotic, provides important feeding areas for several species, 

particularly the vulnerable eastern barred bandicoot, the Tasmanian 

pademelon and Bennett’s wallaby. 

Actions: 

v Retain major sources of cover for mammals including tall 

grasses on verges and ensure grassy and sedgy ground covers 

are retained while removing environmental weeds such as 

blackberry and gorse. 

v Open areas of exotic grassland should be retained, together with 

the thick cover of native sedges and exotic grasses growing 

adjacent to these areas. 

Recreation


Page 22 of 56 

Dogs are common in the Reserve, both leashed and unleashed and 

both domestic and feral cats are also likely to be present in significant 

numbers. Cats are known to prey on native mammals, and to have 

been responsible for declines in the abundance of mammal species on 

mainland Australia. Similarly, dogs take native mammals, and will 

chase and harass large species without necessarily killing prey. The 

precise impact of this predation and harassment on mammal 

populations is not known. However, it is clear that a high diversity of 

native mammal species have survived in the Reserve despite the 

presence of cats and dogs. This may in part be due to the refuge 

provided from marauding cats and dogs by the thick ground cover 

across the Reserve. Maintenance of this cover is therefore considered 

imperative for the long-term survival and coexistence of native 

mammals with cats, dogs and people within the Reserve. 

Although the mammal fauna of the Reserve has so far co-existed with 

cats and dogs, additional ways of managing these exotic predatory 

species will have a beneficial impact on the native fauna. Shooting 

and/or trapping and removal of feral cats would reduce predation 

pressure in the Reserve. The imposition of night curfews on domestic 

cats, though publicly unpalatable, would also benefit native species. 

Similarly, restricting dogs to leashes at all times within the Reserve 

would reduce the incidence of dogs harassing native wildlife. 

Actions: 

v Allow low impact recreation activities including walking, exercise, 

nature observation and pet walking for the protection of native 

fauna and vegetation. 

v The number of walking tracks through the native vegetation of 

the Reserve should be minimised and tracks should be well 

defined and constructed. 

v Domestic dogs should be controlled by leash at all times within 

the Reserve. Appropriate signage to be displayed. 

v A promotional campaign to be undertaken highlighting the 

negative impact that domestic cats have on native animals. 

v A trapping program within the Reserve should be undertaken to 

eliminate feral cats and to determine the effectiveness of 

domestic cat control measures by local residents. 

Invertebrate Fauna 

Although only a small number of invertebrate species were detected 

during the initial fauna survey the maintenance of the structural 

diversity of the vegetation of the Reserve will help achieve the ongoing 

survival of native insects etc. Invertebrate animals live in small spaces 

and most have narrow ecological niches. Providing the maximum


Page 23 of 56 

variation in the shape and structure of the habitat as well as 

maintaining the native plant species diversity is important. Variations in 

the amount of sunshine that reaches the ground, the availability of 

moist microhabitats, the shelter provided by individual grass tussocks 

and areas of bare ground at a small scale can produce important 

habitat for small animals (RD&M, 2002). 

There is little evidence of invasion of the Reserve by introduced 

species (RD&M, 2002) however two species of pill bugs, Polchellio 

scabrer and Armalidium vulgare were identified. These species are 

considered to be good indicators of environmental degradation. The 

fact that they were found in high numbers in surrounding gardens and 

only in low numbers on the disturbed fringes of the Reserve suggests 

that the Reserve is in reasonable ecological condition. 

Similarly the removal of fallen timber of all sizes may remove habitat for 

many species. There is a progression of invertebrates that cause the 

decomposition of fallen wood or standing dead trees. In fact more 

species may come and go in succession during the time between the 

death of a tree and its disintegration into the soil than have lived in it 

when it was healthy and alive (RD&M 2002). Areas that retain their 

natural vegetation in general, and which are relatively unmodified, 

possess a diversity of invertebrate animals that exceeds that of the 

surrounding modified areas by many times. 

There was no evidence of burrowing crayfish, Engaeus sp., and it is 

unlikely the Reserve could be naturally recolonised as urban 

developments provide barriers to dispersal. (RD&M 2002) 

There is little knowledge of the life requirements of the animals 

documented from the Don River Reserve. In the absence of specific 

information the safest course of action is to treat the areas under 

consideration as small sub units and to decrease the possibility of local 

extinctions by providing the greatest variety of possible habitat (RD&M 

2002). One of the richest sources of animals collected during the 

survey was the interior and underside of logs and sticks. In time the 

removal of fire wood can result in a time gap in the presence of various 

types of habitat. Firewood gathering can be very thorough in this regard 

and although it is generally not a major problem in the Reserve, it 

should generally be treated with some caution in smaller areas. 

Management of remnants for maintenance of invertebrate diversity and 

ecological function are therefore dependent on several simple 

principles: 

· The maintenance of the native vegetation with maximum 

diversity in all its forms, diversity of species, diversity of 

vegetation structure, diversity of physical structure 

· The treatment of areas as sub units rather than as uniform 

wholes


Page 24 of 56 

· The prevention of invasion by introduced species, particularly 

those that can survive in an unmodified natural environment. 

Introduced Fauna 

Two species of invertebrates present in the Reserve and which 

constitute a potential threat to its environmental wellbeing are the 

honey bee Apis mellifera and the European wasp Vespula germanica. 

The honey bee colonises hollows and can exclude species of birds and 

mammals that require these spaces to live and breed in. European 

wasps are aggressive predators which can deplete local populations of 

native invertebrates. Further they can also cause problems for 

predatory birds as they have a vicious sting which may prove 

debilitating or fatal to small animals and birds which mistake them for 

tasty and less harmful natives of a similar size or colour. 

Actions: 

v Destroy European wasp nests detected in the reserve. 

v Remove or destroy nests of honey bees detected in the reserve. 

The following relate generally to the preservation / enhancement of 

birds, animals and insects in the reserve. 

v Ongoing fauna surveys over a number of seasons and years to 

fill gaps in knowledge for ongoing management and protection. 

Community involvement is suggested in consultation with such 

organisations as Field Naturalist Groups, Birds Australia and the 

Gould League. 

v Maintain and enhance flora habitat for vulnerable or endangered 

fauna. Investigate options for artificial nesting boxes and 

preservation of hollowed trees if not deemed to be a public risk. 

Such hollowed trees provide habitat for a range of fauna 

including parrots, owls, bats etc. Fallen trees also provide for 

quolls, Tasmanian devils, snakes and lizards. 

v Educate community volunteers and visitors to the reserve about 

animals particularly threatened species so as to minimise 

impacts of weed control programs and recreation activities on 

the animals. 

4.4 Geology 

Processes related to sea level changes are responsible for much of the 

local landforms (physical geography related to geomorphology) and as 

a result alluvium and beach deposits exist along the eastern bank of 

the Don Estuary. The geology of this area is complex and diverse 

however several distinct units can be identified with Jurassic dolerite 

and Kelcey Tier Mudstone and Sandstone horizons in the Don Reserve


Page 25 of 56 

(Geological information – Tasmanian Department of Resources and 

Energy 1990) 

Eric Nash a former geology teacher at Don Secondary College has 

provided the following information; 

“Shingle deposits in the Reserve are erratics and have been 

transported during earlier floods of melt water or strong river flow (large 

shingle deposits occur at the Tasmanian Arboretum)”. [approximately 

15 Kilometres from Devonport CBD] 

“On the banks of the Don River below the stand of E. amygdalina 

(these trees are located on a well drained sandy loam river terrace) 

dolerite outcrops and large boulders are resting on Permian-Triassic 

sandstone. This sandstone is also found as outcrop on the top car 

park of The Don College. Sea level changes are responsible for much 

of the physiography of the Reserve and the old shoreline (Holocene) 5 

to 6 ft above present sea level is dated at approximately 6000 to 7000 

years with much evidence of depositional features eg low sand dunes 

and shingle. The oval at Don College is underlain with 2ft of pure white 

sand and the old shoreline is evident near the College entrance in 

Watkinson Street. 

The lagoon north of the oval is a typical Tasmanian feature found 

behind dunes. 

The Don College design relates to the stepped nature of the site as the 

marine levels below merge with the upper Pleistocene beach deposits 

on which Devonport is built. – Eric Nash, 2002 (former Geology 

Teacher – Don College)” 

This information provides an introduction into landforms and soil types 

formed in the past which directly influence present day vegetation types 

and animal life. The natural geomorphic complexity in a river system 

also provides the building blocks for habitat diversity and is therefore 

an indicator of river health. 

The Don Rivercare Plan 2002 provides detailed descriptions of the Don 

River and tributaries and specific actions for high priority places 

throughout the catchment. The Don Estuary is described as a tidal area 

of 3.3 kilometres in length and the plan attributes the highest reach 

priority “1 conservation” and confirms the estuary as an asset to be 

protected. The report states “The eastern shore of the estuary supports 

very high priority forest: predominately shrubby black gum forest. 

Although this area is in reasonable condition and reserved, disturbance 

through inappropriate public usage and natural disturbance such as 

wind storms have resulted in subsequent weed invasion. The small 

remnants on the western shore are a high priority for protection as is 

rehabilitation of the riparian zone to link these remnants. Works needed


Page 26 of 56 

to retain their value should be the first priority for public funding”. 

(Armstrong Agricultural Services & Ecosynthesis, 2002) 

Actions: 

v Obtain further appropriate geomorphologic information. 

v Work towards a whole of estuary management strategy 

4.5 Protection 

4.5.1 Weed management 

A weed management study is has been undertaken involving 

Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment (DPIWE). 

See Appendix 3, Managing Weeds. Neighbouring land owners, 

stakeholders and volunteers are to be encouraged to participate in 

management programs involving the control and eradication of weeds. 

Existing introduced plants may be maintained and appropriately 

managed if the plant is deemed not to be intrusive on the indigenous 

plant communities passing weed risk assessment guidelines. State 

weed management plans are currently being prepared by DPIWE that 

will identify the measures required to control or eradicate declared 

weeds. 

The most vulnerable areas identified are those at which disturbances 

have occurred either natural or human and include; 

v the northern end adjacent to Coles Beach Foreshore Reserve; 

v adjacent to high use areas including aquatic centre, residential 

properties and The Don College 

v edges of the Reserve including tracks; 

v storm damaged; 

v the Don River historic railway line; and 

v non-indigenous native and exotic plants especially in the 

southern area including pine trees such as Pinus radiata. 

Rehabilitation of these areas using indigenous plants (local 

provenance) is deemed to be of a high priority given the invasiveness 

of weed species and decline of native species. 

It is also imperative to maintain those areas that are currently weed 

free. This must be implemented in conjunction with the revegetation 

with local provenance native species.


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Figure 7 Coastal paperbark forest, northern end of Don Reserve with invasive 

blackberry in the foreground 

The reserve contains bridal creeper (Asparagus asparagoides) listed 

nationally as one of the top twenty weeds of national significance 

(Weeds of National Significance - WONS) posing a serious threat to 

bushland conservation and currently under a national eradication 

program. The seeds are predominantly spread by birds, and the plant 

should be given the highest priority for control. 

Actions: 

v Use an integrated approach to weed control i.e. using a 

combination of control methods which will depend upon the 

nature of the infestation, location and resources available (see 

Appendix 3– Managing Weeds). 

v Prioritise weed species based on current status in Reserve, 

invasive characteristics, ecological impact and risk assessment. 

Other weed species will be prioritised based on plant 

characteristics such as dispersal mechanisms, seed longevity 

and genetic contamination of the indigenous flora. Bridal 

creeper, gorse, broom and cotoneaster as highest priorities 

for management within the reserve. 

v Weed management be integrated with the protection of natural 

and cultural values, erosion control and revegetation works; 

v Undertake Weed mapping and ongoing monitoring. 

v Seek funding for weed management as a high priority. 

v Produce leaflets promoting a good bushland neighbour 

philosophy including minimising garden plant escapees.


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4.5.2 Fire Management 

The Don Reserve is located within the Barrington Fire Management 

area. The draft Fire Control Plan 2001 by Tasmanian Fire Service for 

the abovementioned area identifies the Don River Reserve as an area 

of major bush fire risk. 

The close proximity of houses, Don River Railway workshops & 

infrastructure, Devonport Aquatic Centre and Council’s parks depot 

require a fire management plan to be integrated into the overall 

environmental management plan. Investigations are to be undertaken 

to summarise assets and desired environmental values, as identified in 

the Bushcare reports, which are to be protected from fire. Any 

subsequent fire reduction measures are to be undertaken with respect 

to the environmental values attributed to native flora and fauna whilst 

maintaining a safe environment for fire-fighters and visitors / nearby 

residents. 

Uncontrolled fire presents a real threat to the native mammal fauna as 

the Reserve represents a largely isolated patch of native habitat. If the 

entire Reserve were to burn, the majority of the mammal fauna would 

be destroyed and re-colonisation from unburned habitat would be 

difficult for most species. Fire management should therefore aim to 

prevent any large, hot burns within the Reserve. 

Fire is not generally necessary to manage the fauna or flora habitat of 

the Reserve within the foreseeable future as identified by the flora and 

fauna reports. In the absence of fire the forest communities will 

progress to an old growth condition and provide additional habitat and 

niches for native vertebrate and invertebrate fauna. Hollow 

development and senescence of eucalypt canopy trees will provide 

habitat for a number of hollow dependant animal species. Litter and 

rotten logs will provide additional habitat on the ground for 

invertebrates, frogs and reptiles. 

A collaborative approach is to be undertaken identifying key 

stakeholder responsibilities and is to involve input from Council and 

Tasmania Fire Services. Equally visitors and nearby residents have a 

responsibility to ensure proper fire safety practices. 

Actions: 

v A fire management plan is to be created taking into account both 

appropriate hazard reduction, where appropriate, and nature 

conservation. Tasmania Fire Services is to be involved. 

v Undertake appropriate fire safety promotion to visitors and 

nearby residents.


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v Review current effectiveness of fire tracks / fire breaks and aim 

for efficient multiuse of such infrastructure where applicable. 

v Maintain fire tracks and ensure appropriate access. 

v Manage understorey growth with respect to surveyed vegetation 

communities within the Reserve and fauna habitat values 

identified in section 4.3. 

v No burning of swamp bark and damp sclerophyll forest unless 

deemed appropriate by Bushland Coordinator and / or Bushcare 

technical officer. 

v Fire frequency should be maintained by patch burning in 

accordance with a fire management plan. 

v Approval to burn is to be obtained from appropriate authority i.e. 

Tasmania Fire Service with burns targeted for autumn. 

v After fires monitoring is to be done to assess need for weed 

control / rehabilitation works. 

5.0 Management of Human Use 

5.1 Introduction 

The Reserve exists within the context of an urban environment as 

shown by the number of recreational activities and adjacent urban 

uses. Appropriate human activities are to be encouraged but managed 

to reduce adverse impact upon the conservation values of the Reserve. 

5.2 Aboriginal Heritage Study 

An aboriginal heritage survey was undertaken in 2001 with consultation 

with the local aboriginal community. The study identified that “the 

Aboriginal (Palawa) language group of Northern area was known as 

Pirinapel or Paranaple, prior to the European arrival, of the land that is 

known as Devonport these days, the Aboriginal name for Tasmania 

was Trouwerner. 

Two sites of potential aboriginal significance have been identified on 

the banks / within the river outside area of the project proposal and that 

there may be relics along the river edge. “The study states that this is 

irrelevant to the weed eradication program as the sites are outside the 

area of the project proposal.” The recommendations of the Aboriginal 

Study, October 2001 by Vernon Graham, aboriginal heritage 

consultant, were as follows: 

v That there is a buffer of 20 metres around any site/s located.


Page 30 of 56 

v That in the area of any Aboriginal heritage site/s located and or 

situated, weeds be cut and paste and no ground disturbance. 

v That any planting of native Flora be planted outside of Aboriginal 

heritage site/s located and in the area were there is heritage let 

it rehab naturally. 

v If there is any further weed eradication the Devonport City 

Council liaise with Tasmanian Aboriginal Land Council and or 

Aboriginal Heritage Officer. 

v In relation to any further weed control project the council refer to 

aforementioned recommendation. 

v That the Devonport City Council in relation to weed 

management project liaise with the Tasmanian Aboriginal Land 

Council. 

It is considered important to consult with the aboriginal community on 

the management, interpretation and protection of identified aboriginal 

sites. Highlighting aboriginal values including the use of plants as bush 

tucker / medicines and other issues concerning the bushland are to be 

encouraged. 

Actions: 

v Consult with the aboriginal community on the management of 

Aboriginal heritage. 

v Monitor Aboriginal sites for, and protect them from, damage. 

v Abide by the recommendations of the Aboriginal Survey by 

Vernon Graham dated October 2001 

v Report all Aboriginal sites discovered in the reserve to 

appropriate authority as required under the Aboriginal Relics Act 

1975. 

5.3 Historic Heritage 

A major part of the Don Reserve includes The Don College, a senior 

secondary college, which was established in November 1976. The 

stepped geography of the college’s site is a feature that was taken into 

consideration in the original plans for the college buildings. Eric Nash, 

teacher, stated that “… students and I have planned the environs of the 

college which adjoins the Don Reserve to blend in with a natural 

bushland setting” (Wolfe S., Pillar to Post). There has been a concerted 

ongoing effort by the college staff to maintain a native landscape.


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Little historic information concerning the Don Reserve was found as 

compared to the extensive history of the western bank of the Don 

Estuary. Faye Gardam, local historian, has compiled two publications, 

the first a diary of a early settler in “Immense Enjoyment” and a broader 

historical publication “Sawdust, Sails and Sweat”. In the former there 

are numerous references by the writer between 1884 -1886 of crossing 

the “… the sawdust bridge ... to the bush on the other side of the river” 

with his family and observing birds, plants and animals in much the 

same way visitors presently experience the reserve. So whilst the 

western side of the Don Estuary was cleared for its timber and farming 

this did not occur to the same extent in the Don Reserve. In Sawdust, 

Sails and Sweat there are references to some development in the 

reserve with a track from the sawdust bridge, through what is now the 

pool area to Fenton’s Track as being the most direct way to travel, 

often on foot, between Don and Torquay (present day Devonport). 

There is also reference to a brick making kiln in the late 19 th century 

where the present Don Recreation Grounds exist. Limited farming did 

occur with some orchards and grazing as shown in figure 8, circa 1912. 

5.4 Recreational 

The Don Reserve Bush includes a number of recreational activities 

which coexist within the Reserve. 

Devonport Aquatic Centre 

The aquatic centre takes in swimming pools, supporting infrastructure 

such as car park, change rooms and plant and associated open 

grassed areas fenced off from the Reserve. It is a major complex that 

provides recreational and health related activities for Devonport. 

Actions; 

v Any development associated with the complex is to have 

regard to and minimise impact upon the adjoining bushland. 

v Mitigate the operation of aquatic centre with particular note of 

discharge of treated water into / through the reserve. 

Cycle & Walking Track 

The walking / cycling track extends from the western port wharf through 

Victoria Parade, the Bluff, Coles Beach Reserve and onto the Don 

Reserve terminating on the western side of the Don River along 

Waverley Road, Don. Concerns were raised by fauna consultants on 

the potential impact of uncontrolled dogs being walked or let loose in 

the reserve. Given that the small, fragmented nature of the Reserve it 

is recommended that a precautionary approach be taken and 

accordingly require dogs to be on leash whilst in the Reserve.


Page 32 of 56 

Circa 1912 

2002 

Figure 8 Two photographs showing changes over 90 years - taken from Don Heads, 

Devonport, looking southwest 

The proliferation of tracks invites increased opportunities for vandalism 

and weed infestation. It is imperative that the existing track network is 

assessed as to usage and where deemed inappropriate closed and 

rehabilitated. This should be done in conjunction with informative signs 

/ maps to highlight legitimate tracks and to educate visitors to remain 

on the designated tracks.


Page 33 of 56 

Actions: 

v Introduce seating. 

v Investigate use of tracks. At completion of the survey 

consider each track and usage and whether appropriate 

for the Reserve. Disallow any activity not in keeping with 

the intent of this management plan. 

v Appropriate signage, walking track maps and leaflets is 

introduced highlighting designating tracks and 

emphasising the importance of not straying off these 

designated tracks. 

v Dogs are to be kept under leash. 

Figure 9 Recreational - Don River Railway crossing showing walking / bicycle track 

Fitness Track 

A fitness track, composed of sawdust, extends to the north of the 

aquatic centre running parallel to the Don River. The faunal report had 

concerns relating to potential impact of disease entering the Reserve in 

particular the root rot fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi. Root rot fungus 

and other plant diseases have the capacity to impact not only on 

vegetation but also on the fauna of the Reserve through their impact on 

vegetation diversity. Don Reserve appears to be currently free of root 

rot fungus though susceptible species occur in the Reserve including 

the rare and potentially vulnerable blackeyed susan (Tetratheca ciliata). 

The use of sawdust as surface material for the fitness track needs to be 

monitored however the present stockpiling in the centre of the Reserve 

adjacent to the main walking track is considered visually inappropriate 

and potentially contaminating. 

Actions:


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v Earthworks and track construction proposed for the Reserve 

should take measures to reduce the potential for the introduction 

and spread of plant diseases and weeds in the Reserve. 

v Relocate the stock pile of sawdust or receive and distribute as 

required. The present stock pile area is to be rehabilitated. 

Monitor pathogens within the sawdust material and aim for 

eventual fazing out of this material. 

Development and Works 

There are various council services within the Reserve such as sewer 

and stormwater main pipelines and the aquatic & parks depot. It is 

acknowledged that such infrastructure is of public value, however 

appropriate planning and rehabilitation works are to be undertaken to 

minimise impact upon the native vegetation. Priority is to be given to 

collocation of services and uses. 

Actions; 

v All works, including maintenance, which alters or disturbs the 

native habitat within the Reserve, is to be assessed for 

environmental harm. Procedural plans are to be implemented 

based on best practice to minimise disturbance to the vegetation 

and rehabilitate with appropriate native vegetation. 

v Undertake appropriate soil conservation and erosion control 

procedures to prevent soil loss / siltation into creeks & Estuary. 

v Maintain existing drainage patterns or aim to minimise impact 

from hydrological changes particularly on swamp paperbark and 

black gum forest communities. 

5.5 Tourism 

Devonport functions as the gateway for passenger & vehicle ferries and 

is therefore one of the key access points between Tasmania and the 

mainland. Bushland within close proximity of Devonport’s CBD is an 

important environmental resource and ecotourism asset. The Don 

River Historic Railway (operated by the Van Diemen Light Railway 

Society Inc.) is a significant tourism destination within the Reserve 

which benefits from the native bushland setting. 

The society operates steam and diesel powered trains between the 

Don Village and Coles Beach along 3.5 kilometres of 3 foot 6 inch 

gauge track. Ray Howe of the society stated “that the journey through 

the Don Reserve is an important part of the train journey (pers 

communication 2001). The society has produced a “Permanent Way 

Maintenance Procedure” manual which describes maintenance 

procedures on the track, formation and adjoining railway right of way to 

ensure the condition of the railway. The report requires inspection and


Page 35 of 56 

maintenance of drainage channels crossing the tracks and appropriate 

action for a fire on the railway (includes vegetation clearance). 

Figure 10 Don River Railway train - northern end of Reserve adjacent Don 

College Oval showing remnant Coastal White Gum Forest 

There is a need to manage human use whilst conserving environmental 

values and the impacts on native habitat. Consequently use of the 

Reserve is to be encouraged and relevant information concerning flora 

and fauna circulated to visitors and neighbours. The main focus is to be 

on responsible co-existence between visitors and the bushland 

environment. 

Actions: 

v Promote environmental awareness by distributing 

appropriate leaflets and tourist information highlighting 

the significance of remnant bush and associated 

environmental values. 

v Promote the Don Reserve as part of an overall network of 

bushland and associated walking tracks. Refer to 

Appendix 4 Walks in Devonport maps. 

v Increase environmental awareness by taking guided 

walks for adults and school students. 

5.6 Access & Tracks 

There is a need to minimise edge effects and fragmentation (Fitzgerald, 

Bushcare, 2002) which leads to degradation of native vegetation. 

Investigations are needed to assess the viability of existing tracks. 

There are also a number of access points mainly from the north near 

Coles Beach Road (& under the railway bridge), south from Forth 

Road, via sawdust bridge from the west, from the Aquatic Centre off


Page 36 of 56 

Steele Street and east from Don College. There are also a number of 

informal tracks from the east off Surrey Street. The concern is the 

potential for disturbance to the bush vegetation and weeds infestation. 

The walking tracks together with appropriate access points and car 

park facilities are to be promoted to encourage appropriate usage. All 

new car parking areas are to be located outside the Reserve or on 

degraded land. All vehicle entry points are to have appropriate barriers 

put in place. 

Actions: 

v Rationalise access points and upgrade. 

v Appropriate barriers are to be placed to prevent 

unauthorised public vehicle access. 

v Track construction and maintenance should avoid or 

minimise disturbance to native vegetation, changes to 

drainage and introduction of weeds. 

Figure 11 Access track showing sealed walking / bicycle track near Don College 

5.6 1 Interpretation and Education 

The natural values of Don Reserve are highly significant and require 

protection and conservation management. Information highlighting 

these values should be directed to neighbouring landowners, visitors to 

the Reserve and general community. Equally such an asset should be


Page 37 of 56 

promoted as a curriculum resource to schools and colleges in the area 

and for general community education. 

The Don Reserve has the potential to serve as a major educational 

resource in the study of environmental issues including natural 

resource management. Various supporting agencies and programs are 

available including Landcare, Rivercare, Bushcare and Waterwatch. 

Local schools including the Don College, St Brendan Shaw, Nixon 

Street Primary and Devonport Christian School are to be encouraged 

to include the Don Reserve as a case study for various curricula 

subjects including the environment, history and recreational studies. 

Educational education and training should also be directed towards 

stakeholders and those working within the Reserve. 

The responsibility of safeguarding the environmental values is 

important consequently appropriate signs should be erected including 

the control of dogs and preventing vandalism. 

There should be promotion of the ecotourism value of the Don 

Reserve. 

Interpretative signage should relate to a common theme to promote 

identifiable memory recall relating to the Don Reserve eg bush tucker, 

remnant bush, habitat of swift parrot. Introductory signs erected asking 

visitors to stay on designated paths. 

General signs indicating the status of the reserve and responsibilities / 

prohibitions eg cars and motor bikes should be upgraded and 

strategically placed. Advice is to be obtained from such organisations 

as Bush Watch – a Tasmanian Police strategy. 

Brochures are to be created and distributed to visitors explaining the 

conservation & recreation values and protection requirements of the 

reserve. 

Actions: 

v Develop opportunities for education and interpretation of the 

natural values to the Devonport community with emphasis on 

schools and colleges. 

v Provide informative signs at main entrances 

v Provide appropriate maps to show both the internal layout of the 

Reserve as well as how it is connected to the larger bushland 

network. 

v Ensure formal tracks are identified and appropriately used 

through signage.


Page 38 of 56 

v Involve existing organisations in curbing vandalism such as 

Bushwatch and introduce appropriate signage to encourage 

community involvement. 

5.6.2 Community Awareness and Involvement 

Whilst the Devonport City Council has responsibility for the reserve, 

community advice and participation is essential for the long term 

success of rehabilitation works. A number of community groups, 

schools and organisations make regular use of the reserve as do local 

residents and visitors. 

Likewise it is important to establish and maintain a stakeholder group 

including representatives from Don River Historic Railway Group, Don 

College, Tasmanian Fire Service and Devonport City Council. 

Figure 12 First meeting in reserve of Friends of Don Reserve, 2001 

Actions: 

v Maintain support for Friends of Don Reserve group and 

continuing community involvement in reserve 

management and maintenance. 

v Regularly liaise and develop good working relations with 

adjacent land owners and mangers on management 

issues and projects of common interest. 

v Develop community appreciation of and support for 

environment values.


Page 39 of 56 

Figure 13 Science Week Display, 2002, Theme of Science in the Bush - Don Reserve 

Community Involvement - Display at Imaginarium Science Centre, Devonport 

6.0 Implementation and Review 

Devonport City Council is the authority responsible for the management 

of the Don Reserve. The community has a joint responsibility in 

advising and assisting Council in fulfilling that management role. 

It is recommended that further investigations be undertaken within the 

Don Estuary to provide appropriate estuarine management strategies. 

6.1 Monitoring and evaluation 

It is important to assess the effectiveness of management under this 

plan in achieving the desired management objectives. 

Monitoring methods may include photo point monitoring, wildlife counts, 

maintaining reserve clean up records as well as local resident, 

stakeholders and visitor comments. Monitoring reports are to be 

provided to Devonport City Council and to meetings of the Friends of 

Don Reserve. 

Further information obtained by monitoring is an effective means of 

reviewing the effectiveness of actions recommended in this plan and as 

conditions inevitably change. 

An appropriate monitoring system for the Reserve is to be 

implemented. 

Actions: 

v Map the extent of weeds in the Reserve and document weed 

control efforts.


Page 40 of 56 

v Document revegetation techniques and survey revegetation 

works for species growth and survival rates 

v Undertake fauna surveys over various seasons and years. 

v Conduct site assessments of the health of each vegetation 

community 

v Monitor the effects of major disturbance events in the Reserve. 

v Involve community participation including Friends of Don 

Reserve and local schools in monitoring. 

6.2 Research 

It is considered that this plan is the starting point for further research on 

the natural values within the Don Reserve and Devonport. The fauna 

survey clearly indicated that a single survey will only provide a snap 

shot of what is evident in the Reserve at that particular time. Given that 

a number of animals are migratory and that both animals and plants 

may not be evident at a particular time (eg. orchids) it is considered 

appropriate to continue research in the Don Reserve. This ongoing 

information would also provide valuable information for ecological 

studies, natural history interpretation and natural resource 

management. 

Action: 

v There should be ongoing efforts to update flora and fauna 

species lists. Contacts should be made with such organisations 

as Birds Australia, the Gould League, University of Tasmania 

and local schools / community groups as possible means of 

undertaking ongoing studies. 

The management plan is to stay in effect for five years unless 

circumstances require prior revision. Amendments to this 

document to made after consultation with interest groups eg 

Friends of the Don Reserve.


Page 41 of 56 

7.0 References 

De Gryse J Pty Ltd (1992), Kelcey Tier Green Belt Landscape 

Management Plan, Report for Devonport City Council. 

Tasmanian Vegetation Management Strategy, DPIWE 

Wolfe S., Pillar to Post, A History of The Don College 1973-1997 

West North West Coastal Strategy, 

Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment, Swift Parrot 

Recovery Plan (2001) 

Tasmanian Natural Resource Management Framework – (2002), 

DPIWE. 

Armstrong Agricultural Services & Ecosynthesis (2002), Don Rivercare 

Plan and Initial Works Plan, 

Faye Gardam, (1996), Sawdust, Sails and Sweat, 

Faye Gardam (ed), (1987), Immense Enjoyment


Page 42 of 56 

GLOSSARY 

Biodiversity (biological diversity) means the variety of life forms: the 

different plants, animals and micro-organisms, the genes they contain, and 

the ecosystems they form. It is usually considered at four levels: genetic 

diversity, species diversity, ecosystem diversity and community diversity. 

Conservation means all the processes and actions of looking after a place so 

as to retain its significance, always including protection, maintenance and 

monitoring. 

Indigenous species means a species that occurs at a place within its 

historically known natural range and that forms part of the natural biodiversity 

of a place. 

Introduced species means a translocated or alien species occurring at a 

place outside its historically known natural range as a result of intentional or 

accidental dispersal by human activities. 

Natural integrity means the degree to which a natural system retains its 

condition and natural rate of change in terms of size, biodiversity and habitat. 

Natural landscape means large, relatively undisturbed area with topographic 

and catchment integrity where natural processes continue largely unmodified 

by human interventional. 

Natural Resource Management is the management of all activities that use, 

develop and/or conserve our air, water, land, plants, animals and microorganisms, 

and the systems they form. 

Protection means taking care of a place by maintenance and by managing 

impacts to ensure that significance is retained. 

Riparian zone refers to riverbanks further than two metres from an active 

channel that have typical riparian vegetation communities; floodplains; that 

are seldom flooded, or where only rising floods are experienced. 

Threatened species means a species listed in the Schedules of the 

Threatened Species Protection Act 1995


Page 43 of 56 

APPENDIX 1.0 FLORA SURVEY 

Species list for Don River Reserve 

Revised version – January 2002 

Nick Fitzgerald 

Vegetation Management Officer 

Bushcare Technical 

GPO Box 46 Kings Meadows 7249 

phone: 6336 5267 

R = rare 

i = introduced to Tasmania 

e = endemic in Tasmania 

Species not labelled i or e are native to Tasmania and the Australian mainland 

Dicotyledons 

AIZOACEAE Carpobrotus rossii Native Pigface 

APIACEAE Apium prostratum Sea Parsley 

ARALIACEAE Hedera helix English Ivy i 

ASTERACEAE Cassinia aculeata Dolly Bush 

Cotula australis Common Cotula 

Cotula coronopifolia Water Buttons i 

Hypochoeris radicata Cat's ear i 

Leontodon taraxacoides Hawkbit i 

Leptinella longipes Long Cotula 

Olearia argophylla Musk 

Olearia lirata Snowy daisy bush 

Olearia ramulosa Twiggy daisy bush 

Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree Everlasting 

Senecio biserratus Groundsel 

Senecio jacobaea Ragwort i 

Senecio linearifolius Fireweed 

Senecio sp. Fireweed 

Sonchus oleraceus Sow Thistle i 

BORAGINACEAE Myosotis sp. Forget-me-not i 

BRASSICACEAE Rorippa dictyosperma Lobed Rorippa 

CAMPANULACEAE Wahlenbergia sp. Bluebell 

CARYOPHYLLACEAE Stellaria pungens Prickly Starwort 

CASUARINACEAE Allocasuarina littoralis Bulloak 

Allocasuarina verticillata Sheoak 

CHENOPODIACEAE Chenopodium sp. Goosefoot i 

Rhagodia candolleana Trailing Hemichroa 

Sarcocornia blackiana Marsh Samphire 

Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded Glasswort 

++


DROSERACEAE Drosera peltata subsp. 

auriculata 

Tall Sundew 

EPACRIDACEAE Acrotriche serrulata Ant's Delight 

Astroloma humifusum Native Cranberry 

Epacris impressa Common Heath 

Leucopogon australis Spike Beard-heath 

Leucopogon parviflorus Currant Bush 

ERICACEAE Erica lusitanica Spanish Heath i 

EUPHORBIACEAE Amperea xiphoclada Broom spurge 

Poranthera microphylla Small poranthera 

FABACEAE Aotus ericoides Common Aotus 

Bossiaea prostrata Creeping Bossiaea 

Cytisus scoparius Scotch Broom i 

Daviesia ulicifolia Slender or Variable Tick 

Trefoil 

Dipogon lignosus Purple Dolichos i 

Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine 

Indigofera australis Native Indigo 

Kennedia prostrata Running Postman 

Lotus sp. Trefoil i 

Pultenaea daphnoides Native Daphne 

Pultenaea juniperina Prickly Beauty 

Ulex europaeus Gorse i 

Vicia sativa Vetch i 

GERANIACEAE Geranium potentilloides Native Geranium 

Pelargonium australe Austral Stork's Bill 

GOODENIACEAE Goodenia lanata Native Primrose 

Goodenia ovata Parrot's Food 

Selliera radicans Swamp-weed 

HALORAGACEAE Gonocarpus teucrioides Raspwort 

LAURACEAE Cassytha melantha Large Dodder-laurel 

LYTHRACEAE Lythrum hyssopifolia Hyssop Loosestrife 

MIMOSACEAE Acacia dealbata Silver Wattle 

Acacia melanoxylon Blackwood 

Acacia mucronata Variable Sallow Wattle 

Acacia myrtifolia Myrtle wattle 

Acacia sophorae Coastal Wattle 

Acacia stricta Hop Wattle 

Acacia suaveolens Sweet wattle 

Acacia terminalis Sunshine Wattle 

Acacia verticillata Prickly Moses 

MYOPORACEAE Myoporum insulare Boobyalla 

MYRTACEAE Eucalyptus amygdalina Black peppermint e 

Eucalyptus obliqua Stringybark 

Eucalyptus ovata Black Gum 

Eucalyptus viminalis Manna Gum 

Leptospermum scoparium Manuka 

Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark 

Melaleuca squarrosa Scented Paperbark 

OLEACEAE Notelaea ligustrina Native Olive 

OXALIDACEAE Oxalis corniculata Yellow Wood Sorrel i 

Oxalis perennans Native Oxalis 

Page 44 of 56


PASSIFLORACEAE Passiflora mollissima Banana Passionfruit i 

PITTOSPORACEAE Billardiera scandens Apple-berry 

Bursaria spinosa Prickly Box 

Pittosporum undulatum Sweet Pittosporum i 

PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago coronopus Buck's Horn Plantain i 

Plantago lanceolata Narrow Leaf Plantain i 

POLYGALACEAE Comesperma volubile Blue Love Creeper 

Polygala myrtifolia Parrot Bush i 

Acetosella vulgaris Sorrel i 

PRIMULACEAE Anagallis arvensis Scarlet Pimpernel i 

Samolus repens Creeping Brookweed 

PROTEACEAE Banksia marginata Silver Banksia 

Lomatia tinctoria Guitar Plant e 

Persoonia juniperina Prickly Geebung 

RANUNCULACEAE Clematis aristata Climbing Clematis 

Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup i 

RHAMNACEAE Pomaderris elliptica var. Yellow Pomaderris e 

Page 45 of 56 

diemenica 

ROSACEAE Acaena novae-zelandiae Buzzy 

Cotoneaster glaucophyllus Grey-leaved Cotoneaster i 

Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn i 

Malus Xdomestica Apple i 

Rosa rubiginosa Briar Rose i 

Rubus fruticosus Blackberry i 

Rubus parvifolius Native Raspberry 

RUBIACEAE Coprosma repens Mirror Bush i 

Galium aparine Sticky Weed i 

RUTACEAE Zieria arborescens Stinkwood 

SANTALACEAE Exocarpos cupressiformis Native Cherry 

Leptomeria drupacea Drupe bush 

STACKHOUSIACEAE Stackhousia monogyna Candles 

STYLIDIACEAE Stylidium graminifolium Trigger Plant 

THYMELAEACEAE Pimelea humilis Dwarf Rice-flower 

Pimelea linifolia Rice-flower 

TREMANDRACEAE Tetratheca ciliata Black-eyed Susan R 

VIOLACEAE Viola hederacea Curtis' Violet 

Gymnosperms 

PINACEAE Pinus radiata Monterey Pine i 

Monocotyledons 

CENTROLEPIDACEAE Centrolepis strigosa Hairy Centrolepis 

COMMELINACEAE Tradescantia albiflora Wandering Jew i 

CYPERACEAE Gahnia filum Chaffy Saw-sedge 

Gahnia grandis Cutting Grass 

Gahnia trifida Coast Saw-sedge 

Isolepis nodosa Knobby Club-rush 

Isolepis platycarpa Club-rush 

Lepidosperma concavum Hill Sword-sedge 

Lepidosperma elatius Tall Sword-sedge 

Lepidosperma ensiforme Two Handed Sword


Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedge 

Schoenus tesquorum Bog-rush 

IRIDACEAE Crocosmia Xcrocosmiiflora Montbretia i 

Diplarrena moraea White Flag Iris 

Iridaceae sp. Iridaceous weed i 

JUNCACEAE Juncus articulatus Jointed Rush i 

Juncus capitatus Dwarf Rush i 

Juncus kraussii Sea Rush 

Juncus pallidus Pale Rush 

Juncus pauciflorus Loose-flower Rush 

Juncus procerus Great Rush 

Juncus sp. Rush 

LILIACEAE Allium triquetrum Three Cornered Garlic i 

Dianella brevicaulis Black Anther Flax-lily 

Dianella revoluta Spreading flax lily 

Dianella tasmanica Flax lily 

Drymophila cyanocarpa Turquoise Berry 

ORCHIDACEAE Caladenia sp. 

Chiloglottis grammata Small bird orchid e 

Chiloglottis reflexa Autumn Bird Orchid 

Dipodium roseum Hyacinth Orchid 

Diuris sp. Tiger or Leopard Orchid 

Thelymitra sp. Sun Orchid 

POACEAE Aira elegans Hair Grass i 

Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal Grass i 

Austrostipa rudis Spear Grass 

Austrostipa stipoides Coastal Spear Grass 

Bromus diandrus Great Brome i 

Dactylis glomerata Cock's Foot i 

Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass 

Holcus lanatus Yorkshire fog-grass i 

Imperata cylindrica var. Blady Grass 

Page 46 of 56 

major 

Lolium perenne Perennial Rye i 

Poa poiformis var. poiformis Tussock Grass 

Poa rodwayi Silver Tussock Grass 

Poa tenera Slender Tussock Grass 

Themeda triandra Kangaroo Grass 

XANTHORRHOEACEAE Lomandra longifolia Sagg 

Pteridophytes 

BLECHNACEAE Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fern 

Blechnum wattsii Hard Water-fern 

DENNSTAEDTIACEAE Hypolepis rugosula Ruddy Ground-fern 

Pteridium esculentum Bracken 

DICKSONIACEAE Dicksonia antarctica Tree-fern 

POLYPODIACEAE Microsorum pustulatum Kangaroo Fern


Page 47 of 56 

APPENDIX 2.0 FAUNA SURVEY 

FAUNA VALUES AND MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS 2002 BY PREPARED BY PHIL BELL, STEVE 

MALLICK AND GREG BLAKE 

Extracts from report - 

RESERVE DESIGN & MANAGEMENT (RD&M) 

FOR JOHN MOLNAR, DEVONPORT CITY COUNCIL 

Table 3 Native mammal species recorded or deemed likely to occur within the Don Reserve 

SPECIES PRESENT RECORD HABITATS 

echidna yes pub, dig general 

eastern barred bandicoot yes trap, dig, pub grassland 

southern brown bandicoot yes pub forest, scrub, 

grassland 

wombat 

unlikely old burrows general 

brushtail possum yes trap, spot, scats general 

ringtail possum yes spot forest 

sugar glider possible - forest 

eastern pygmy possum possible - forest 

little pygmy possum possible - forest 

long-nosed potoroo yes trap, dig, pub forest, scrub, 

grassland 

Tasmanian pademelon yes spot, sight, scat forest, scrub, 

grassland 

Bennetts wallaby 

yes 

spot, pub forest, grassland 

white-footed dunnart possible - forest 

velvet-furred swamp rat yes trap forest, scrub (wet) 

water rat probable - Don River estuary 

greater long-eared bat possible - forest 

lesser long-eared bat possible - forest 

gould’s wattled bat possible - forest 

chocolate wattled bat possible - forest 

Tasmanian pipistrell possible - forest 

King River eptesicus possible - forest 

(Record: pub = public information; dig = diggings; trap = trapping; spot = spotlighting; sight = 

daylight sighting)


Table 4 Native Bird Species observed during the present survey or recorded within the Don 

Reserve 

Page 48 of 56 


Pacific black duck recorded DFN, DC Don river estuary 

little-pied cormorant yes sighted Don river estuary 

little black cormorant yes sighted Don river estuary 

great cormorant yes sighted Don river estuary 

white-faced heron yes sighted Don river estuary 

brown goshawk recorded DFN dry forest, open 

country 

grey goshawk recorded DFN dry forest, open 

country 

swamp harrier recorded DFN marshes, river flats 

brown falcon recorded DFN, GB open forest, open 

country 

Tasmanian native-hen yes heard, sighted Don river estuary 

Latham’s snipe recorded DFN, GB Don river estuary 

pied oystercatcher yes heard, sighted Don river estuary 

sooty oystercatcher recorded DFN, GB Don river estuary 

masked lapwing yes heard, sighted Don river estuary 

red-capped plover recorded DFN Don river estuary 

silver gull yes heard, sighted Don river estuary 

Pacific gull recorded DFN Don river estuary 

caspian tern recorded DFN Don river estuary 

crested tern recorded DFN, GB Don river estuary 

musk lorrikeet recorded DFN dry forest, parkland, 

gardens 

green rosella present heard, sighted forest 

swift parrot recorded DFN, GB, DPIWE forest, gardens 

pallid cuckoo recorded DFN open areas, exotic 

pasture 

fan-tailed cuckoo recorded DFN forest 

Horsfield’s bronze-cuckoo yes heard forest 

shining bronze-cuckoo recorded DFN forest 

fork-tailed swift recorded DFN aerial 

laughing kookaburra yes heard, sighted forest/woodland 

southern boobook recorded DFN forest 

masked owl recorded heard forest 

superb fairy-wren yes heard, sighted scrub, undergrowth 

Tasmanian thornbill yes heard, sighted open forest, gardens 

brown thornbill yes heard, sighted open forest, scrub 

yellow-rumped thornbill yes sighted open forest, 

clearings, coastal 

shrubland 

white-browed scrubwren recorded sighted forest, scrub 

striated pardalote yes heard forest 

spotted pardalote yes heard forest 

yellow-throated honeyeater yes heard, sighted forest, scrub, 

gardens 

strong-billed honeyeater recorded DFN forest, scrub, 

gardens 

black-headed honeyeater yes heard, sighted forest, gardens 

eastern spinebill recorded DFN, GB dry forest, gardens 

New Holland honeyeater yes heard, sighted forest, gardens 

crescent honeyeater yes sighted forest, gardens 

little wattlebird yes heard, sighted forest, gardens 

yellow wattlebird recorded heard forest, gardens 

white-fronted chat recorded DFN marsh, river flats


Page 49 of 56 


flame robin recorded DFN forest 

scarlet robin recorded DFN forest, exotic 

grassland 

dusky robin yes sighted forest 

grey shrike-thrush yes heard forest 

olive whistler yes heard, sighted forest 

golden whistler yes heard, sighted forest 

satin flycatcher recorded DFN forest 

grey fantail yes sighted forest, scrub, 

gardens 

black-faced cuckoo-shrike recorded DFN, GB forest 

dusky woodswallow recorded DFN, GB forest, open country 

grey butcherbird yes heard, sighted open forest, 

parkland, gardens 

forest raven yes heard, sighted open forest, open 

country 

beautiful firetail yes heard, sighted forest, scrub 

welcome swallow recorded DFN, GB forest, open country 

silvereye recorded DFN, GB open forest, scrub, 

gardens 

(Record: DFN – Lists compiled by the Devonport field Naturalists Club during the 1980’s, 

particularly by Mr. David Pinner; GB = List compiled by Mr. Geoff Bromfield, Don College 

between 1973-1980) 

Table 5 Native reptiles observed during the present survey, recorded or likely to be present in the 

Don Reserve 


mountain dragon possible BFK open forest, open 

vegetation 

three-lined skink possible BFK open forest 

delicate skink 

possible BFK 

dry forest, open 

habitats 

metallic skink yes sighted wide variety 

ocellated skink possible BFK rocky habitats 

white’s skink yes BF open forest with 

rocky areas 

she-oak skink possible B K open forest, open 

habitats 

blue-tongue lizard yes PM open forest, open 

habitats 

tiger snake yes PM, BF most habitats 

copperhead snake yes BF most habitats 

white-lipped whip snake possible BFK most habitats 

(Record: BFK – Recorded by Mr. Bill Flowers in the area, particularly on Kelcey Tier; BF – 

recorded by Mr. Bill Flowers in the Don Reserve; PM – recorded by Mr. Phil Murray in the 

Don Reserve)


Table 6 Amphibians recorded in the vicinity or likely to be presernt within the Don Reserve 

Page 50 of 56 

SPECIES PRESENT RECORD 

brown tree frog possible RV, BF 

smooth froglet 

possible 

RV, BF 

bull frog possible RV, BF 

spotted marsh frog possible RV, BF 

common froglet 

possible RV, BF 

Tasmanian froglet possible RV, BF 

(Record: RV – Recorded within 5 km of the Don Reserve GTSPOT; BF – recorded by Mr. Bill 

Flowers in the Devonport area) 

Table 7 Fauna species of conservation significance recorded in the Don Reserve 

SPECIES 1 

eastern barred bandicoot 

Parameles gunnii gunnii 

swift parrot 

Lathamus discolor 

Tasmanian masked owl 

Tyto novaehollandiae 

castanops 

CONSERVATION 

STATUS 2 

ENDANGERED 

High 

conservation 

significance 

ENDANGERED 

endangered 

endangered 

COMMENTS 

Appears to be common within the Reserve 

Large groups of swift parrots are known forage 

within the Reserve, primarily in black gum 

forest. No individuals were observed during the 

current survey. 

Individual heard using call back technique. 

Likely to have originated from outside the 

Reserve. 

Table 8 Fauna species of conservation significance recorded in the vicinity of the Don Reserve 

(within a 5 km radius) 

SPECIES 3 

Grey Goshawk 

Accipiter novaehollandiae 

Aquila audax fleayi 

Wedge-tailed Eagle 

CONSERVATION 

STATUS 4 

COMMENTS 

endangered Individuals have been reported within the 

Reserve and in the vicinity of the Reserve. 

Unlikely to nest in the Reserve. 

ENDANGERED 

endangered 

1 Locality records from GT Spot biological records database, DPIWE 

2 Lower case = State listing; Upper case = National Listing 

3 Locality records from GT Spot biological records database, DPIWE 

4 Lower case = State listing; Upper case = National Listing 

Birds have been sighted within 5 km of the 

Reserve however this species is unlikely to 

forage or nest in the Don Reserve


Page 51 of 56 

SPECIES 3 

Green and Gold Frog 

Littoria raniformis 

CONSERVATION 

STATUS 4 

COMMENTS 

vulnerable This species has been recorded in the 

Devonport metropolitan area. There is little 

habitat within the Reserve that is considered 

suitable for this species. 

Invertebrate Fauna recorded from the Don River Reserve 

December 2002 

Order Species Common name Location 

Orthoptera 

Grasshoppers and 

Crickets 

Mantidae 

Mantids 

Mecoptera 

Scorpion Flies 

Odonata 

Dragonflies and 

damselflies 

Isoptera 

Termites 

Ichneumonidae 

False wasps 

Hymanoptera 

Bees Wasps and Ants 

Kinemania ambulans King Cricket Under Bark-E.obliqua 

Phaulacridium vitatum 

Common Field 

Grasshopper 

Grassed area near 

Railway 

Gastromargus musicus Field Cricket Pit Fall traps 

Vanessa itea Grasshopper 


Railway 

Tetrix collina Grasshopper 


railway line 

Gryllotalpa australis Cricket Pit fall traps 

Bobilla sp. Field Cricket 


Railway 

Orthodera ministralis Praying Mantis 


Railway 

Paraoxypilus 

tasmaniensis 

Praying Mantis 


Railway 

Harpobitticus australis Scorpion Fly 


Railway 

Austroaschna tasmanica Dragonfly 

Flying along railway 

track 

Procordulia 

jacksoniensis 

Dragonfly 

Flying along railway 

track 

Austrolestes psyche Damselfly Netted near wetland 

Ishnura aurora Damselfly Netted near wetland 

Porotermes ademsoni Giant termite 

Fallen logs in E. 

viminalis forest 

Netelia sp. Parasitic false wasp Cleared cental area 

Ichneumonidae sp1 Parasitic false wasp Cleared cental area 

Rhytidoponera 

tasmaniensis 

Green Ant Common 

Chelaner sp 2 Ant Pitfall trap 

Camponotus “claripes”: Sugar ant Pitfall traps 

Cerapachys sp1 Ant Pitfall traps 

Dolichoderus australis Ant Pitfall traps 

Chleaner sp1 Ant Pitfall traps 

Crematogaster Sp1 Ant Pitfall traps 

Hypoponera sp1 Ant Pitfall traps 

Orectognathus clarkii Trigger ant 

One location near 

railway shed 

Paratrechina sp. One location near


Myrmecia forficata Bulldog nat 

swimming pool 

common 

Myrmecia pilosula Jack Jumper Near swimming pool 

Pheidole sp. Seed collecting ant Near swimming pool 

Amblyopone australis Legionary ant 

In clearing near railway 

line 

Iridomyrmex gracilis Speedy ant Dormant under tree bark 

Notontus ectatommoides 

Dormant in soil 

Wetlands area 

Paratrechina sp. 

Dormant in soil 

common 

Diptra True Flies Lucilia cuprina Carrion Fly Itinerant around faeces 

Anthrax muculata Bee Fly 

One specimen near 

railway sheds 

Rhyzobius sp1 Fly near railway sheds 

Toxeutes arcuatus Fly Pitfall trap 

Megaselia Sp1 Fungus fly 

Netted near Swimming 

pool 

Coleoptra Beetles Promecoderus sp. Hunting Beetle 

One specimen near 

wetland area 

Aphodius sp1 Beetle Pitfall trap 

Poropsis sp3 Leaf beetle Collected from foliage 

Stethorus vagrens Ladybeetle Collected from foliage 

Rhyzobius sp1 Native ladybeetle Pitfall trap 

Alphitobius sp1 Beetle Pitfall trap 

Coripera deplanata Beetle Pitfall trap 

Pterohelaeus peltatus Beetle Pitfall trap 

Ethon affine Jewel Beetle Pitfall trap 

Agonocheila sp1 Beetle near railway sheds 

Chylnus atar Beetle near railway sheds 

Ptomphila lacrymosa Beetle Pitfall trap 

Paedus simsoni Devils coachman 

Paederus simsoni Devils coachman Common in cleared area 

Blattodea Cockroaches Polyzosteria sp. 

Common Tasmanian 

bush cockroach 

Isopoda Pill bugs Porcellio scaber Garden Pill bug Evident from cast shells 

Armadillidium vulgare Common pill bug 

Chiliptera Centipedes Lithobius sp. Rock centipede 

Under rocks in E. 

amygdalina woodland 

Cratigerus tasmanianus 

Tasmanian green 

centipede 

In fallen log in E. 

amygdalina woodland 

Diplopoda Millipedes Procyliosoma leae Pill Millipede Pitfall trap 

Tasmanophilus opinatus 

Common black 

millipede 

Common 

Amphipoda Land 

hoppers 

Keratroides vulgaris 

Common Tasmanian 

land hopper 

Common 

Araneae Spiders Lycosa tasmanica Tasmanian wolf spider Common 

One specimen from 

Budumna insignis Spider 

under bark of E. 

viminalis 

a 

Amaurobiidae 

Unidentified species 

Sent to museum for 

identification 

Under rocks in car park 

Annalida leaches Philaemon pungens Forest leach Common 

Scorpionidae Scorpions Cercophonius squama Tasmanian scorpion Common 

Page 52 of 56


Introduced Plants 

Page 53 of 56 

APPENDIX 3.0 MANAGING WEEDS 

Introduced plant species are defined as all plant species that occur outside 

the natural range of the species and includes native plants outside the 

immediate local area. Environmental weeds are a major concern to the 

community and land managers. Weeds are unwanted plants that are in the 

wrong place as they effectively compete with native vegetation for soil 

moisture, nutrients and light. They in fact reduce native seedling germination 

and survival. The result often sees a loss in biodiversity which weakens the 

integrity and health of the Reserve. 

However consideration needs to be given to introduced plants that may 

possess important historic or cultural significance. If conflicts occur between 

environmental and cultural aspects of a plant then appropriate information and 

consultations are to be implemented prior to the removal of a plant. 

WeedPlan, the Tasmanian Weed Management Strategy, establishes 

community ownership, mutual recognition and cooperation as the basis for a 

regional community based approach to weed management in Tasmania. The 

Weed Management Act 1999 supports this approach as seen by the 

progressive introduction of weed management plans. Control strategies 

include the protection of areas free of environmental weed infestation, 

management of infested areas such as along roadsides, waterways and 

disturbed areas. High priority is to be given to the revegetation of affected 

areas once control of the environmental weed is verified. 

Weeds of significance in Don Reserve are as follows 

Botanical Name Common Name 

Rubus fruiticosa sp agg. Blackberry 

Coprosma repens Mirror Bush 

Cotoneaster spp. Cotoneaster 

Pittosporum undulatum Sweet Pittosporum 

Erica lusitanica Spanish Heath 

Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn 

Cytisus scoparius English Broom 

Ulex europaeus Gorse 

Rosa rubiginosa Brair Rose 

Genista monspessula Montpellier Broom 

Cordateria spp. Pampas Grasses 

Passiflora mollissima Banana Passion fruit 

Vinca major Blue Periwinkle 

Lonicera japonica Japanese Honeysuckle 

Sollya heterophylla Bluebell creeper 

Hedera helix English Ivy 

Pinus Radiata Radiata Pine 

Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper


Priorities are to be given as follows; 

v Control of environmental weeds threatening biodiversity. 

v Control of environmental weeds not threatening biodiversity 

v Management of culturally significant introduced plants. 

Page 54 of 56 

Actions; 

v Management methods will utilise an integrated approach to 

weed control i.e. using a combination of control methods 

depending on the nature of the infestation, location and 

resources available. This would be based on maintaining natural 

ecosystem processes and minimising impacts such as soil 

disturbance. 

v Prioritisation and control of invasive weed species to be 

undertaken addressing plant characteristics such as ecological 

impacts, methods of dispersal and seed longevity. Broom and 

gorse while having more localised seed dispersal will require 

ongoing control for a number of years due to the seed longevity, 

80 and 40 years respectively). Prevention of new seed banks 

developing would have a high priority. Pampas, blackberry, 

pittosporum, cotoneaster and mirror bush have a larger 

dispersal range due to the consumption of berries by birds or by 

other mechanisms such as wind and animal dispersal. 

v Non-indigenous plant species such as Eucalypts and Acacias 

from other parts of Tasmania or mainland not endemic to the 

area to be removed. This would be undertaken to prevent 

hybridisation with the local flora thus protecting the genetics of 

the reserve. 

v Develop weed education programs to assist in the prevention of 

weed problems. The community would be encouraged to 

remove plants such as cotoneaster from gardens to prevent 

seed dispersal by birds into the reserve. The dumping of garden 

waste on the fringes of the reserve would also be discouraged. 

Such programs should involve both internal education and 

training workshops for the land manager, Devonport Council, 

stakeholders and to the general public. 

v A significant number of weed species in the reserve are garden 

escapes from the surrounding properties both from natural 

dispersal and the dumping of garden waste on the edges of the 

reserve. Educating and involving the community is an important 

step in preserving the health of the bush.


Page 55 of 56 

The following illustrates the various control methods that may be used 

either singularly or in combinations; 

v hand pulling including use of mattocks and spades 

v mechanical through use of secateurs / pruning saws, chainsaws, 

tractors, grader blades, slashers when a large area is to be 

controlled. Reducing the mass will mean less time and money 

using chemical controls if required. Care must be taken to 

lessen soil disturbance and transfer of weed seed and 

pathogens into or out of the bushland area. 

v The use of herbicides in the Don Reserve should be 

appropriately managed with regard to selection and application. 

Appropriate advice on herbicide selection and suitability should 

be obtained from Devonport City Council Weed Officers or 

DPIWE Regional Weed Management Officers. Selection of 

herbicides should be based on toxicity and suitability with low 

toxicity and high LD 50 ratings being preferred. An off label 

permit has been obtained for the use of Metsulfuron-s-methyl 

(Brushkiller/Brushoff) effective for the control of many 

environmental weeds such as climbers and woody species. This 

product is not scheduled therefore having lesser safety 

requirements for application. Climbers and creepers may be 

pulled from native vegetation prior to chemical application to 

minimise off target damage. 

v Weed removal techniques such as cut and paint should be 

encouraged to reduce off target damage from herbicide 

application. Low toxicity herbicides such as Glyphosate bioactive 

may used effectively on many species. Devonport City Council 

Weeds Officer or Regional Weed Management Officers may be 

contacted for information on appropriate techniques. 

v Revegetation in accordance with appropriate techniques and 

species selection should be employed following weed removal. 

v Environmental control by eliminating excesses of nutrient runoff 

eg sewer overflows which would stimulate weed growth. 

v Biological control methods which are available for broom 

(Cytisus scoparius) and gorse (Ulex europeaus) the latter having 

been introduced into parts of the Reserve. These are 

strategically placed where eradication is not feasible in the short 

term and reduction of vigour and seed set is an advantage. 

v Education by informing the community of the harmful effects that 

weeds have on bush reserves eg loss of biodiversity. Informing 

the public of the invasiveness of weeds especially of garden 

escapees.


Dell 

Luck 

Reserve 

To Forth 

via 

Forth Rd 

Page 56 of 56 

APPENDIX 4.0 WALKS IN DEVONPORT 

· Main Cycle & Walking Pathway 

· Other "Walks in Devonport" Paths 

· Other Nearby Paths 

· Roads 

· Playgrounds 

· Toilets 

· Barbecues 

· Car Parks P 

· Don Bushland Reserve 

To 

Ulverstone 

via 

Bass Highway 

Lodder Rd 

Don River 

Western Bank 

Mersey 

River 

Passenger 

Mersey River 

Police 

Point 

Walk 

FerryBass 

Waverley Rd 

P 

Mersey 

Breakwater 

East 

Strait 

Ferry 

Terminal 

Don 

Hall 

Cutts Rd 

Thomas St 

Legend 

Don Bushland 

Reserve 

Fitness Walk 

Don 

River 

Railway 

Don 

Recreation 

Ground 

DON 

Sawdust Sawdust 

Bridge Bridge 

Stony Rise Rd 

Don River 

Estuary Walk 

O lympic 

P ool 

Don Heads Rd 

P icnic 

Area 

DCC 

Parks 

Depot 

MAP 2 

Walks in EAST DEVONPORT 

East 

Devonport 

Beach 

Caravan 

Park 

Murray St 

East Devonport 

Foreshore 

Heritage Walk 

Wright St 

Tarleton St 

Map Produced: 23/01/2003 

Mary Street 

Wetlands 

Nature Walk 

Mary St 

John St 

P 

P 

Don River 

Don 

College 

Watkinson St 

Don 

Heads 

Don Bushland 

Reserve 

Southern Walk 

East Devonport 

Caroline St 

North Caroline St 

East 


Recreation 

Centre 

Girdlestone 

Park 

Sports 

Ground 

P 

Don College 

Playing Field 

MAP 1 

Walks in WEST DEVONPORT 

Nixon St 

Coles Beach 

Don Bushland 

Reserve 

NorthernWalk 

P 

Mersey Bluff 

Cultural Discovery 

Walk 

Sorell St 

Percy St 

Coles Beach Rd 

Best St 

Steele St 

Nicholls St 

Madden St 

Back Beach 

Coles Beach 

Foreshore Reserve 

Walk 

Tea Tree 

Lane 

Brooke St 

Oldaker St 

William St 

Lookout 

North St 

West 


4 Ways 

Shopping 

Tiag arra P 

A bo riginal 

Cultural Centre 

& Mu seum 

P 

Lookout 

Centre 

Don Bushland Reserve Southern Walk 

- between Don River Railway entrance & Olympic Pool car park 

Don Bushland Reserve Northern Walk 

- between Olympic Pool car park & Coles Beach 

Don Bushland Reserve Fitness Walk 

- between Olympic Pool playground & Don College 

Don River Western Bank Walk 

- between Don River Railway entrance & Olympic Pool car park 

Don River Estuary Walk 

- between Don College Oval & Coles Beach Rd 

Coles Beach Foreshore Reserve Walk 

- between Coles Beach & William St 

Mersey Bluff Cultural Discovery Walk 

- Mersey Bluff Headland area west of Tiagarra 

Mersey Bluff Beach and Headland Walk 

- between Bluff Beach Surf Club building & Lighthouse 

Bluff Road Park and Foreshore Walk 

- between William St & Mersey Western Breakwater Car Park 

Victoria Parade River Ramble 

- between Mersey Western Breakwater Car Park & Oldaker St 

City Foreshore Stroll 

- between Oldaker St & Stewart St 

P 

P 

Pardoe Beach 

East Devonport Foreshore Heritage Walk 

- between Mersey River Passenger Ferry Pontoon & Tea Tree Lane 

Pardoe Beach Foreshore Coastal Walk 

- between Tea Tree Lane & Pardoe Point 

Mary Street Wetlands Walk 

- Mary St Wetlands area between Caroline St & Mary St 

All of the walks described here have their own distinctive character. 

Each can be walked from start to finish, in part, 

or in combination with other walks. 

For more detailed information on any individual walk refer to the "Walks in Devonport" series of "Did You Know" Fact Sheets. 

Municipal Boundary 

Lighthouse 

Caravan 

P ark 

Meercroft 

Park 

Lookout 

Blowhole 

Showground 

Bluff Beach 

Skate 

Facility 

Byard 

Park 


Oval 

Victoria Parade 

River Ramble 

Lizard 

Sculpture 

City 

Foreshore 

Stroll 

Council 

Chambers 

Mall 

CBD 

Mersey Bluff 

Beach & Headland 

Walk 

James St 

Formby Rd 

Boat 

Ramp 

Victoria Parade 

Visitor 

Centre 

Pardoe Beach 

Foreshore 

Coastal Walk 

D on 

Bushland 

Res erve 

Tugrah Rd 

Lookout 

BASS STRAIT 

Bluff Road 

Park & Foreshore 

Walk 

Don Rd 

L ovett St 

Bass Highway 

Stony Rise Rd 

Wrenswood Drv 

Durkins Rd 

West 


Racecource 

Mersey 

Breakwater 

West 

Mersey River 

Police 

Point 

Bass 

Strait 

Ferry 

Terminal 

Mersey River 

Passenger 

Ferry 

BASS STRAIT 

Kelcey 

Tier 

Greenbelt Allison Track 

W illiam St 

Nature Walk 

Mersey 

Vale 

Cemetery 

SPREYTON 

Thomas St 

Mersey 

Breakwater 

East 

East 


Beach 

Caravan 

Park 

Wright St 

Murray St 

Tarleton St 

East 


Best St 

Steele St 

F or bes St 

Q UOIBA 

Council 

Chambers 

Mall 

CBD 

Formby Rd 

Devonp ort Rd 

Mersey River 

John St 

Pardoe 

Point 

MAP 3 

Walks in KELCEY TIER GREENBELT 

Thomas St 

Bass 

S trait 

F erry 

Terminal 

Bridge 

River Rd 

Murray St 

T arleton St 

East 


Allison Track Nature Walk 

- between Durkins Road & Kelcey Tier Greenbelt Lizard Sculpture 

These maps are made available for the purpose of providing access to Devonport City Council information and not as professional advice. Before relying on the information displayed on the map, users should 

obtain appropriate professional advice relevant to their particular circumstances to evaluate its accuracy, currency, completeness and relevance for their purposes. Copyright © Devonport City Council 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

Stewart St 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

P 

Maidstone 

Park 

P 

(Refer to Map 2) 

P

don reserve environmental management plan - Devonport City ...

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