*‡Table 6. Languages - National Library of Australia

T6 Table[6.[Languages T6 

*‡Table 6. Languages 

The following notation is never used alone, but may be used with those numbers from 

the schedules and other tables to which the classifier is instructed to add notation from 

Table 6, e.g., translations of the Bible (220.5) into Dutch (—3931 in this table): 

220.53931; regions (notation —175 from Table 2) where Spanish language (—61 in this 

table) predominates: Table 2 notation 17561. When adding to a number from the 

schedules, always insert a decimal point between the third and fourth digits of the 

complete number 

Unless there is specific provision for the old or middle form of a modern language, class 

these forms with the modern language, e.g., Old High German —31, but Old English 

—29 

Unless there is specific provision for a dialect of a language, class the dialect with the 

language, e.g., American English dialects —21, but Swiss-German dialect —35 

Unless there is a specific provision for a pidgin, creole, or mixed language, class it with 

the source language from which more of its vocabulary comes than from its other source 

language(s), e.g., Crioulo language —69, but Papiamento —68. If in doubt, prefer the 

language coming last in Table 6, e.g., Michif —97323 (not —41) 

The numbers in this table do not necessarily correspond exactly to the numbers used for 

individual languages in 420–490 and in 810–890. For example, although the base 

number for English in 420–490 is 42, the number for English in Table 6 is —21, not —2 

(Option A: To give local emphasis and a shorter number to a specific language, place it 

first by use of a letter or other symbol, e.g., Arabic language 6_A [preceding 6_1]. 

Option B is described at 6_1) 

See Manual at Table 6 T6 

SUMMARY 

[— 1 Indo-European languages 

[— 2 English and Old English (Anglo-Saxon) 

[— 3 Germanic languages 

[— 4 Romance languages 

[— 5 Italian, Dalmatian, Romanian, Rhaetian, Sardinian, Corsican 

[— 6 Spanish, Portuguese, Galician 

[— 7 Italic languages 

[— 8 Hellenic languages 

[— 9 Other languages T6 

—1 *‡Indo-European languages 

Including Nostratic hypothesis 

T6 DeweyiDecimaliClassification T6 Table[6.[Languages T6 

For specific Indo-European languages other than east Indo-European 

languages and Celtic languages, see —2–9; for east Indo-European languages 

and Celtic languages, see —91 

(Option B: To give local emphasis and a shorter number to a specific language, 

e.g., Ukrainian, class it in this number, and class Indo-European languages in 

—91. Option A is described in the introduction to Table 6) 

DeweyiDecimaliClassification T6 Table[6.[Languages T6 

DeweyiDecimaliClassification T6 Table[6.[Languages T6

T6 DeweyiDecimaliClassification T6 

> —2–9 *‡Specific Indo-European languages other than 

east Indo-European languages and Celtic languages 

Class comprehensive works in —1 T6 

—2 *‡English and Old English (Anglo-Saxon) T6 

—21 *‡English 

Including dialects 

Class Old English in —29 T6 

—217 *‡English-based pidgins and creoles 

Including Bislama, Krio, Sea Islands Creole (Gullah), Tok Pisin T6 

—219 *‡Middle English, 1100–1500 T6 

—29 *‡Old English (Anglo-Saxon) 

See also —219 for Middle English T6 

—3 *‡Germanic languages 

—31 *‡German 

For English and Old English, see —2 T6 

Class here comprehensive works on dialects of German 

For specific dialects of German, see —32–38 

See also —394 for Low German T6 

> —32–38*‡German dialects 

Class comprehensive works in —31 

For Low German, see —394 T6 

—32 *‡Franconian dialect T6 

—33 *‡Swabian dialect T6 

—34 *‡Alsatian dialect T6 

—35 *‡Swiss-German dialect T6 

—38 *‡Pennsylvania Dutch (Pennsylvania German) T6 

—39 *‡Other Germanic languages T6 

—391 *‡Yiddish 

2 


















> —392–394*‡Low Germanic languages 

—392 *‡Frisian T6 

Class here West Germanic languages 


—393 *‡Netherlandish languages T6 

—393 1 *‡Dutch 

—393 6 *‡Afrikaans T6 

Including Old Low Franconian 

Class here Flemish T6 

—394 *‡Low German (Plattdeutsch) 

Including Old Saxon T6 

—395 *‡North Germanic languages (Nordic languages) 

Including proto-Nordic language 

Class here comprehensive works on west Scandinavian languages 

[formerly —396], comprehensive works on modern west Scandinavian 

languages [formerly —3969], comprehensive works on east Scandinavian 

languages, comprehensive works on languages in the Nordic countries 








For specific North Germanic languages, see —396–398; for Finnish, 

see —94541; for Sami, see —9455 T6 DeweyiDecimaliClassification T6 Table[6.[Languages T6 

> —396–398*‡Specific North Germanic languages 


—396 *‡Old Norse (Old Icelandic), Icelandic, Faeroese 


Comprehensive works on west Scandinavian languages relocated to —395 


—396 1 *‡Old Norse (Old Icelandic) T6 

—396 9 *‡Icelandic and Faeroese 

—396 91 *‡Icelandic T6 

—396 99 *‡Faeroese T6 

—397 *‡Swedish T6 

—398 *‡Danish and Norwegian T6 

—398 1 *‡Danish 

Comprehensive works on modern west Scandinavian languages 

relocated to —395 T6 

Class Dano-Norwegian in —3982 

3 








—398 2 *‡Norwegian 

—[398 3] *‡New Norse, Landsm(l 

Class here New Norse, Landsm(l [both formerly —3983]; 

Dano-Norwegian, Riksm(l, Bokm(l T6 

Relocated to —3982 T6 

—399 *‡East Germanic languages 

Including Burgundian, Gothic, Vandalic T6 

—4 *‡Romance languages 

—41 *‡French 

Class comprehensive works on Italic languages in —7 





For Italian, Dalmatian, Romanian, Rhaetian, Sardinian, Corsican, see —5; 

for Spanish and Portuguese, see —6 T6 DeweyiDecimaliClassification T6 Table[6.[Languages T6 

Class Franco-Provençal in —49; class Occitan in —491 T6 

—417 *‡French-based pidgins and creoles T6 

—49 *‡Occitan, Catalan, Franco-Provençal T6 

—491 *‡Occitan 

—499 *‡Catalan T6 

Including Auvergnat, Gascon, Languedocien, Limousin, Provençal 

dialects; Provençal in the sense of one of the dialects of Occitan 

Class here Langue d’oc; Provençal in the sense of a synonym of Occitan 

See also —49 for Franco-Provençal T6 

—5 *‡Italian, Dalmatian, Romanian, Rhaetian, Sardinian, 

Corsican 

—51 *‡Italian T6 

—[56] *‡Sardinian 

—57 *‡Dalmatian 

Class comprehensive works on Romance languages in —4; class comprehensive 

works on Italic languages in —7 T6 


Class here Vegliote dialect T6 

—59 *‡Romanian, Rhaetian, Sardinian, Corsican T6 

—591 *‡Romanian T6 

—599 *‡Rhaetian languages; Sardinian, Corsican T6 

—599 2 *‡Friulian language 

4 














—599 4 *‡Ladin language 

—599 6 *‡Romansch language T6 

—599 8 *‡Sardinian and Corsican T6 

See also —67 for Judeo-Spanish (Ladino) T6 

—599 82 *‡Sardinian [formerly —56] T6 

—599 84 *‡Corsican T6 

—6 *‡Spanish, Portuguese, Galician 

—61 *‡Spanish 

Class comprehensive works on Romance languages in —4 T6 

Including Spanish-based pidgins and creoles 

—67 *‡Judeo-Spanish (Ladino) 

—68 *‡Papiamento T6 

For Judeo-Spanish (Ladino), see —67; for Papiamento, see —68 T6 

See also —5994 for Ladin T6 

—69 *‡Portuguese and Galician 

—699 *‡Galician 

Standard subdivisions are added for Portuguese and Galician together, for 

Portuguese alone 

Including Portuguese-based pidgins and creoles, e.g., Crioulo 

For Papiamento, see —68 T6 

Class here Gallegan T6 

—7 *‡Italic languages 

—71 *‡Latin 

For Romance languages, see —4 T6 

Class comprehensive works on Latin and Greek in —8 T6 

—79 *‡Other Italic languages T6 

—794 *‡Latinian languages other than Latin 

—797 *‡Sabellian languages 

Including Faliscan, Lanuvian, Praenestian, Venetic T6 

















Including Aequian, Marrucinian, Marsian, Paelignian, Sabine, Vestinian, 

Volscian T6 DeweyiDecimaliClassification T6 Table[6.[Languages T6 

—799 *‡Osco-Umbrian languages 

Including Oscan, Umbrian 

5


—8 *‡Hellenic languages 

Class here comprehensive works on classical (Greek and Latin) languages 

For Latin, see —71 T6 

—81 *‡Classical Greek T6 

—87 *‡Preclassical and postclassical Greek 

—89 *‡Modern Greek 

Including Mycenaean Greek, Linear B; Biblical Greek, Koine (Hellenistic 

Greek); Byzantine Greek 

See also —926 for Linear A T6 

Including Demotic, Katharevusa T6 

—9 *‡Other languages 

Including language of Indus script T6 

SUMMARY 

[— 91 East Indo-European and Celtic languages 

[— 92 Afro-Asiatic languages 

[— 93 Non-Semitic Afro-Asiatic languages 

[— 94 Altaic, Uralic, Hyperborean, Dravidian languages 

[— 95 Languages of east and southeast Asia 

[— 96 African languages 

[— 97 North American native languages 

[— 98 South American native languages 

[— 99 Non-Austronesian languages of Oceania, Austronesian languages, 

miscellaneous languages T6 

—91 *‡East Indo-European and Celtic languages 

Class comprehensive works on Indo-European languages in —1 T6 

SUMMARY 

[— 911 Indo-Iranian languages 

[— 912 Sanskrit 

[— 913 Middle Indo-Aryan languages 

[— 914 Modern Indo-Aryan languages 

[— 915 Iranian languages 

[— 916 Celtic languages 

[— 917 East Slavic languages 

[— 918 Slavic (Slavonic) languages 

[— 919 Baltic and other Indo-European languages T6 

—911 *‡Indo-Iranian languages 

Class here comprehensive works on languages of south Asia 










For Indo-Aryan languages, see —912–914; for Iranian languages, see 

—915; for Dravidian languages, see —948; for languages of south Asia 

closely related to the languages of east and southeast Asia, see —95 

6


> —912–914*‡Indo-Aryan languages 

—912 *‡Sanskrit T6 


—912 9 *‡Vedic (Old Indo-Aryan) T6 

—913 *‡Middle Indo-Aryan languages 

—913 7 *‡Pali T6 

Former heading: Middle Indic languages 

Class here comprehensive works on Prakrit languages 

For modern Prakrit languages, see —914 T6 

—914 *‡Modern Indo-Aryan languages 

Former heading: Modern Indic languages 

Class here modern Prakrit languages 

—914 1 *‡Sindhi and Lahnda T6 

—914 11 *‡Sindhi T6 

—914 19 *‡Lahnda 

—914 2 *‡Panjabi 

Class comprehensive works on Prakrit languages in —913 T6 

Class here Western Panjabi 

Class Eastern Panjabi in —9142 T6 

Class here Eastern Panjabi 

Class Western Panjabi in —91419 T6 

—914 3 *‡Western Hindi languages 

—914 31 *‡Standard Hindi T6 

—914 39 *‡Urdu T6 

—914 4 *‡Bengali 

Class here comprehensive works on Hindi languages 

For languages of east central zone of Indo-Aryan languages 

(Eastern Hindi languages), see —91492 T6 

Class here comprehensive works on Bengali and Assamese 

For Assamese, see —91451 T6 

—914 5 *‡Assamese, Bihari, Oriya T6 

—914 51 *‡Assamese 

7 


















—914 54 *‡Bihari 

—914 56 *‡Oriya T6 

—914 6 *‡Marathi and Konkani T6 

—914 61 *‡Marathi T6 

—914 69 *‡Konkani T6 

Including Bhojpuri, Magahi, Maithili T6 

—914 7 *‡Gujarati, Bhili, Rajasthani T6 

—914 71 *‡Gujarati T6 

—914 79 *‡Rajasthani 

Including Jaipuri, Marwari T6 

—914 8 *‡Sinhalese-Maldivian languages 

Class here Sinhalese (Sinhala) T6 

—914 89 *‡Divehi (Maldivian) T6 

—914 9 *‡Other Indo-Aryan languages 

Including Nuristani (Kafiri) 

See also —948 for Dravidian languages; also —954 for 

Tibeto-Burman languages; also —9595 for Munda languages T6 

—914 92 *‡Languages of east central zone of Indo-Aryan languages (Eastern Hindi 

languages) 

—914 95 *‡Nepali T6 

—914 96 *‡Pahari languages 

—914 97 *‡Romani T6 

Including Awadhi, Bagheli, Chattisgarhi, Fijian Hindustani (Fiji 

Hindi) 

Class comprehensive works on Hindi languages in —9143 T6 

Including Garhwali 

Class here languages of northern zone of Indo-Aryan languages 

For Nepali, see —91495 T6 

—914 99 *‡Dardic (Pisacha) languages 

—915 *‡Iranian languages T6 

—915 1 *‡Old Persian 

Including Kashmiri, Khowar, Kohistani, Shina T6 

Class here ancient west Iranian languages 

See also —9152 for Avestan language 

8 




















—915 2 *‡Avestan 

Class here ancient east Iranian languages T6 

—915 3 *‡Middle Iranian languages 

—915 5 *‡Modern Persian (Farsi) 

—915 6 *‡Dari T6 

—915 7 *‡Tajik T6 

Including Khotanese (Saka), Pahlavi (Middle Persian), Sogdian T6 

Class Dari in —9156; class Tajik in —9157 T6 

—915 9 *‡Other modern Iranian languages 

—915 93 *‡Pashto (Afghan) T6 

—915 97 *‡Kurdish languages 

—915 98 *‡Baluchi T6 

—916 *‡Celtic languages 

Including Pamir languages; Osetin (Ossetic) T6 

Including central and southern Kurdish 

Class here Kurdish (Kurmanji, northern Kurdish) T6 

Including Gaulish T6 

—916 2 *‡Irish Gaelic T6 

—916 3 *‡Scottish Gaelic T6 

—916 4 *‡Manx T6 

—916 6 *‡Welsh (Cymric) T6 

—916 7 *‡Cornish T6 

—916 8 *‡Breton T6 

—917 *‡East Slavic languages 

—917 1 *‡Russian T6 

Class comprehensive works on Slavic (Slavonic) languages in —918 T6 

—917 9 *‡Ukrainian and Belarusian T6 

—917 91 *‡Ukrainian T6 

—917 99 *‡Belarusian T6 

—918 *‡Slavic (Slavonic) languages 

Including Common Slavic 

Class here comprehensive works on Balto-Slavic languages 

For East Slavic languages, see —917; for Baltic languages, see —919 

9 
























—918 1 *‡South Slavic languages 

—918 11 *‡Bulgarian T6 

—918 17 *‡Old Bulgarian (Church Slavic) T6 

—918 19 *‡Macedonian T6 

—918 2 *‡Serbian 


For Serbian, see —9182; for Croatian and Bosnian, see —9183; for 

Slovenian, see —9184 T6 

Class here Serbo-Croatian (languages of Serbs, Croats, and Bosnians 

treated together as a single language) 

Croatian relocated to —9183; Bosnian relocated to —91839 T6 

—918 3 *‡Croatian [formerly —9182] and Bosnian 

Standard subdivisions are added for Croatian and Bosnian together, for 

Croatian alone T6 

—918 39 *‡Bosnian [formerly —9182] T6 

—918 4 *‡Slovenian T6 

—918 5 *‡West Slavic languages 

—918 51 *‡Polish T6 

—918 6 *‡Czech 

—918 7 *‡Slovak T6 

Including Kashubian 









For Czech, see —9186; for Slovak, see —9187; for Wendish, see 

—9188; for Polabian, see —9189 T6 DeweyiDecimaliClassification T6 Table[6.[Languages T6 

Including Moravian dialects T6 

—918 8 *‡Wendish (Lusatian, Sorbian) T6 

—918 9 *‡Polabian T6 

—919 *‡Baltic and other Indo-European languages 

Standard subdivisions are added for Baltic and other Indo-European 

languages together, for Baltic languages alone T6 

> —919 1–919 3*‡Baltic languages 

—919 1 *‡Old Prussian T6 

—919 2 *‡Lithuanian T6 


—919 3 *‡Latvian (Lettish) T6 

—919 9 *‡Other Indo-European languages 

10 












—919 91 *‡Albanian T6 

—919 92 *‡Armenian T6 

—919 93 *‡Illyrian and Thraco-Phrygian languages 

—919 94 *‡Tocharian T6 

—919 98 *‡Anatolian languages 

Including Ligurian, Messapian, Phrygian, Thracian T6 

Including Luwian, Lycian, Lydian, Palaic 

Class here Hittite 

—92 *‡Afro-Asiatic languages 

Class a non-Indo-European language spoken in ancient Anatolia 

with the language, e.g., Hurrian —999 T6 

Class here Semitic languages 

—921 *‡East Semitic languages 

For non-Semitic Afro-Asiatic languages, see —93 T6 

Including Assyrian, Babylonian 

Class here Akkadian (Assyro-Babylonian) 

For Eblaite, see —926 

See also —9995 for Sumerian T6 

> —922–929*‡West Semitic languages 


—922 *‡Aramaic languages 

For Eastern Aramaic languages, see —923 T6 

—922 9 *‡Western Aramaic languages 

—923 *‡Eastern Aramaic languages 

—924 *‡Hebrew 

Including Biblical Aramaic (Chaldee) and Samaritan T6 

Class here Syriac T6 

11 














—926 *‡Canaanite languages 

—926 7 *‡Ugaritic T6 

Including Ammonite, Eblaite, Moabite, Phoenician; Linear A and its 

language 

Class here comprehensive works on Canaanitic languages 

For Hebrew, see —924 

See also —87 for Linear B 

See Manual at T6—926 T6 

—927 *‡Arabic and Maltese 

—927 9 *‡Maltese T6 

Standard subdivisions are added for Arabic and Maltese together, for 

Arabic alone 

Including Judeo-Arabic 

Class here classical Arabic 

—928 *‡Ethiopian languages 

—928 1 *‡Ge‘ez T6 

—928 2 *‡Tigré T6 

See also —929 for South Arabian languages T6 

Including Gurage, Harari 

—928 3 *‡Tigrinya (Tigrigna) T6 

—928 7 *‡Amharic T6 

Class here comprehensive works on South Semitic languages 

For South Arabian languages, see —929 T6 

—929 *‡South Arabian languages 

Including Mahri, Sokotri 

Class comprehensive works on South Semitic languages in —928 

See also —927 for Arabic T6 

—93 *‡Non-Semitic Afro-Asiatic languages T6 

—931 *‡Egyptian 

—932 *‡Coptic T6 

Including Demotic Egyptian 

For Coptic, see —932 T6 

—933 *‡Berber languages 

Including Rif, Siwa 

12 
















—933 3 *‡Tamazight T6 

—933 4 *‡Kabyle T6 

—933 8 *‡Tamashek T6 

—935 *‡Cushitic and Omotic languages 

—935 4 *‡Somali T6 

—935 5 *‡Oromo T6 

Standard subdivisions are added for Cushitic and Omotic languages 

together, for Cushitic languages alone 

Including Afar, Beja T6 

—935 9 *‡Omotic languages T6 

—937 *‡Chadic languages 

—937 2 *‡Hausa T6 

Including Angas T6 

—94 *‡Altaic, Uralic, Hyperborean, Dravidian languages T6 

SUMMARY 

[— 941 Tungusic languages 

[— 942 Mongolian languages 

[— 943 Turkic languages 

[— 944 Samoyedic languages 

[— 945 Finno-Ugric languages 

[— 946 Hyperborean (Paleosiberian) languages 

[— 948 Dravidian languages T6 

> —941–943*‡Altaic languages 

Class comprehensive works in —94 

—941 *‡Tungusic languages 

—942 *‡Mongolian languages 

For Ainu, see —946; for Japanese, see —956; for Korean, see —957 T6 

Including Even (Lamut), Evenki (Tungus), Manchu, Nanai (Goldi) T6 

Including Buriat, Kalmyk T6 

—942 3 *‡Mongolian proper 

—943 *‡Turkic languages T6 

—943 1 *‡Old Turkic and Chuvash T6 

—943 15 *‡Chuvash 

Class here Halh Mongolian (Khalkha Mongolian) T6 

13 




















> —943 2–943 8*‡Common Turkic languages 


—943 2 *‡Eastern Turkic languages 

—943 23 *‡Uighur T6 

—943 25 *‡Uzbek T6 

—943 3 *‡Northern Turkic languages 

—943 32 *‡Yakut 



For northeast Turkic languages, see —9433; for southern Turkic 

languages, see —9436 T6 DeweyiDecimaliClassification T6 Table[6.[Languages T6 

Including Tuva-Altai languages; Dolgan 

Class here northeast Turkic languages 

Class Old Turkic in —9431 

For eastern Turkic languages, see —9432 T6 

—943 4 *‡Central Turkic languages 

—943 45 *‡Kazakh T6 

—943 47 *‡Kyrgyz T6 

Use of this number for Dolgan discontinued; class in —9433 T6 

Including Kara-Kalpak, Nogai T6 

—943 5 *‡Turkish (Osmanli) 

Class here Ottoman Turkish T6 

—943 6 *‡Southern Turkic languages 

—943 61 *‡Azerbaijani T6 

—943 64 *‡Turkmen 

Including Gagauz, Khalaj, Salar 

Class here southwest Turkic languages 









For Turkish, see —9435; for western Turkic languages, see —9438 


Including Chagatai T6 

—943 8 *‡Western Turkic languages 

Including Bashkir, Karachay-Balkar, Karaim 

Class here northwest Turkic languages 

For northern Turkic languages, see —9433; for Kara-Kalpak, 

Nogai, see —9434; for Kazakh, see —94345; for Kyrgyz, see 

—94347 

14 




—943 87 *‡Tatar 

—943 88 *‡Crimean Tatar T6 

—944 *‡Samoyedic languages 

Class here comprehensive works on Tatar languages 

For Crimean Tatar, see —94388 T6 

Including Nganasan, Ostyak Samoyed, Yenisei Samoyed (Enets), Yurak 

Samoyed (Nenets) 

—945 *‡Finno-Ugric languages 

—945 1 *‡Ugric languages 

See also —9451 for Khanty (Ostyak); also —946 for Ket (Yenisei 

Ostyak) T6 

Class here comprehensive works on Uralic languages, on Uralic and 

Yukaghir languages 

For Samoyedic languages, see —944; for Yukaghir languages, see 

—946 T6 

Including Khanty (Ostyak), Vogul 

—945 11 *‡Hungarian (Magyar) T6 

—945 3 *‡Permic languages 

—945 4 *‡Finnic languages 

—945 41 *‡Finnish (Suomi) T6 

—945 45 *‡Estonian T6 

—945 5 *‡Sami T6 

See also —944 for Ostyak Samoyed; also —946 for Ket (Yenisei 

Ostyak) T6 

Including Votyak (Udmurt), Zyrian (Komi) T6 

Including Karelian, Livonian, Veps 

—945 6 *‡Middle Volga languages 

For Permian languages, see —9453; for Sami, see —9455; for 

Middle Volga languages, see —9456 T6 

Including Mari, Mordvin 

15 














—946 *‡Hyperborean (Paleosiberian) languages 

Including Chukotko-Kamchatkan (Luorawetlin), Yukaghir languages; 

Ainu, Nivkh (Gilyak), Ket (Yenisei Ostyak) 

Class comprehensive works on the Uralic and Yukaghir languages in 

—945 

See also —944 for Ostyak Samoyed, Yenisei Samoyed; also —9451 for 

Ostyak; also —9714 for Yupik languages; also —9719 for Aleut 

language T6 

—948 *‡Dravidian languages T6 

—948 1 *‡South Dravidian languages 

—948 11 *‡Tamil T6 

Including Kota, Toda 

—948 12 *‡Malayalam T6 

Class here Dravida group T6 

—948 14 *‡Kannada (Kanarese) T6 

—948 2 *‡Central Dravidian languages T6 

—948 23 *‡Gondi T6 

—948 24 *‡Kui (Khond, Kandh) T6 

—948 27 *‡Telugu T6 

—948 3 *‡North Dravidian languages 

Including Kurux (Kurukh, Oraon), Sauria Paharia (Malto) 

Class here Brahui T6 

—95 *‡Languages of east and southeast Asia 

Including Karen 

—951 *‡Chinese T6 

Here are classed languages of south Asia closely related to the languages of 

east and southeast Asia 

Class here Sino-Tibetan languages 

For Austronesian languages of east and southeast Asia, see —992 T6 

—951 1 *‡Mandarin (Putonghua) 

Class here Beijing dialect T6 

—951 7 *‡Chinese dialects 

Including Gan, Hakka, Min, Wu, Xiang, Yue (Cantonese) dialects 

For Beijing, Mandarin dialects, see —9511 

16 

















—954 *‡Tibeto-Burman languages 

—954 1 *‡Tibetan T6 

Including Baric, Bodish, Loloish languages 

Class Karen in —95 

For Burmese, see —958 T6 

—954 9 *‡Eastern Himalayan languages 

—956 *‡Japanese T6 

—957 *‡Korean T6 

—958 *‡Burmese T6 

Including Chepang, Limbu, Magari, Sunwar; Newari 

Class here Kiranti languages, Mahakiranti languages 

See also —91495 for Nepali T6 

—959 *‡Miscellaneous languages of southeast Asia; Munda languages 

Only those languages provided for below 

Including Kadai languages, Kam-Sui languages 

Class here Daic languages 

—959 1 *‡Tai languages T6 

—959 11 *‡Thai (Siamese) T6 

Class Austroasiatic languages in —9593 

For Austronesian languages, see —992 T6 

—959 19 *‡Other Tai languages 

—959 191 *‡Lao T6 

Including Shan 

—959 2 *‡Viet-Muong languages T6 

—959 22 *‡Vietnamese T6 

—959 3 *‡Austroasiatic languages 

For Viet-Muong languages, see —9592 T6 

Including Semang, Senoic languages; Khasi, Mon, Sedang, Srê 

Class here Mon-Khmer languages 

For Viet-Muong languages, see —9592; for Munda languages, see 

—9595 T6 

—959 32 *‡Khmer (Cambodian) 

17 

















—959 5 *‡Munda languages 

Including Gadaba, Ho, Mundari, Santali T6 

—959 7 *‡Hmong-Mien (Miao-Yao) languages T6 

—959 72 *‡Hmong (Miao) T6 

—959 78 *‡Yao T6 

—96 *‡African languages 






Class an African creole having a non-African primary source language with the 

source language, e.g., Krio —217 

For Afrikaans, see —3936; for Ethiopian languages, see —928; for 

non-Semitic Afro-Asiatic languages, see —93; for Malagasy, see —993 T6 

SUMMARY 

[— 961 Khoisan languages 

[— 963 Niger-Congo languages 

[— 965 Nilo-Saharan languages T6 

—961 *‡Khoisan languages 

Including Khoikhoi, San T6 

—963 *‡Niger-Congo languages 

Including Ijoid, Kordofanian languages; Dogon T6 

SUMMARY 

[— 963 2 West Atlantic languages 

[— 963 3 Igboid, Defoid, Edoid, Idomoid, Nupoid, Akpes, Oko, Ukaan languages; 

Kwa languages; Kru languages 

[— 963 4 Mande languages 

[— 963 5 Gur (Voltaic) languages 

[— 963 6 Benue-Congo and Adamawa-Ubangi languages 

[— 963 9 Bantu languages T6 

—963 2 *‡West Atlantic languages T6 

—963 21 *‡Senegambian languages 

—963 214 *‡Wolof T6 

—963 22 *‡Fula (Fulani) T6 

Former heading: Senegal group 

Including Serer (Serer-Sine) 

For Fula, see —96322 T6 

—963 3 *‡Igboid, Defoid, Edoid, Idomoid, Nupoid, Akpes, Oko, Ukaan 

languages; Kwa languages; Kru languages 

—963 32 *‡Ibo (Igbo) 

Class comprehensive works on Benue-Congo languages in —9636 T6 

18 












—963 33 *‡Yoruboid languages 

Class here Yoruba T6 

—963 37 *‡Kwa languages 

—963 374 *‡Ewe 

—963 378 *‡Gã T6 

Including Adangme 

—963 38 *‡Tano (Volta-Comoe) languages 

—963 385 *‡Akan 

—963 4 *‡Mande languages T6 

For Tano (Volta-Comoe) languages, see —96338 T6 

Use of this number for Ewe group discontinued; class in 

—96337 T6 

Including Anyi, Baoulé, Nzima T6 

Class here Fante, Twi 

—963 45 *‡Manding-Mokole languages 

—963 452 *‡Bambara T6 







Use of this number for central Tano subgroup discontinued; class 

in —96338 T6 

Class here Mandekan languages T6 

—963 48 *‡Mende-Bandi languages 

Including Bandi (Gbandi) 

Class here Mende T6 

—963 5 *‡Gur (Voltaic) languages 

Including Dagomba, Moré, Senufo 

Class Dogon in —963 T6 

—963 6 *‡Benue-Congo and Adamawa-Ubangi languages 

Standard subdivisions are added for Benue-Congo and 

Adamawa-Ubangi languages together, for Benue-Congo languages 

alone 

Including Bamileke 

Class here Bantoid languages 

Class Mbam languages (from zone A) in —96396 

For Igboid, Defoid, Edoid, Idomoid, Nupoid, Akpes, Oko, Ukaan 

languages, see —9633; for Bantu languages, see —9639 

19 








—963 61 *‡Adamawa-Ubangi languages 

—963 616 *‡Sango T6 

Including Gbaya, Zande T6 

—963 64 *‡Cross River languages 

—963 642 *‡Efik T6 

Including Ibibio T6 

—963 9 *‡Bantu languages 

Bantu proper (Narrow Bantu) 

See also —9636 for Bantoid languages other than Bantu proper 

See Manual at T6—9639 T6 

—963 91 *‡Central Bantu languages 

—963 915 *‡Bemba group 


Including Bena-Kinga, Gogo, Pogoro, Shambala, Zigula-Zaramo 

groups (from zone G); Bisa-Lamba, Lenje-Tonga, Nyakyusa, 

Nyika-Safwa groups (from zone M); Manda, Senga-Sena, Tumbuka 

groups (from zone N) 

Class here central eastern Bantu languages 

Fipa-Mambwe languages relocated to —96394 

For Swahili group, see —96392; for central western Bantu 

languages, see —96393 T6 

Including Bwile 

Class here Bemba 

—963 918 *‡Nyanja group 

—963 92 *‡Swahili group 

Bwile relocated to —96393 T6 

Class here Nyanja, Chichewa (Chewa) T6 

Class here Swahili T6 

—963 93 *‡Central western Bantu languages 

—963 931 *‡Kongo group 

Including Bwile [formerly —963915]; Hungana, Yaka groups (from 

zone H); Holu, Mbala, Salampasu-Ndembo groups (from zone K); 

Kaonde, Luba, Nkoya, Songye groups (from zone L) 

Class Chokwe-Luchazi, Diriku, Kwangwa, Subia groups in 

—96399 T6 

Class here Kongo (Koongo) 

20 












—963 932 *‡Mbundu group 

Limited to zone H 

Class here Mbundu (Kimbundu) T6 

—963 94 *‡Northern Bantu languages 

Including Fipa-Mambwe languages [formerly —96391]; Bembe, 

Bira-Huku, Enya, Lega-Kalanga, Nyanga groups (zone D); 

Nyilamba-Langi, Sukuma-Nyamwezi, Tongwe groups (zone F); 

Konzo, Shi-Havu groups (from zone J) 

Class here northeastern Bantu languages 

—963 946 *‡Rwanda-Rundi group T6 

—963 946 1 *‡Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) T6 

—963 946 5 *‡Rundi T6 

For north northeastern Bantu languages, see —96395; for 

northwestern Bantu languages, see —96396 T6 

—963 95 *‡North northeastern Bantu languages 

Including Chaga, Kuria, Nyika groups (from zone E); Haya-Jita, 

Masaba-Luyia groups (from zone J) 

Class Konzo, Shi-Havu groups in —96394 T6 

—963 953 *‡Kikuyu-Kamba group 

—963 954 *‡Kikuyu T6 

For Kikuyu, see —963954 T6 

—963 956 *‡Nyoro-Ganda group 

Including Chiga, Nyankore 

—963 957 *‡Ganda (Luganda) T6 

For Ganda (Luganda), see —963957 T6 

—963 96 *‡Northwestern Bantu languages 

—963 962 *‡Duala group 

Including Bafia, Basaa, Bube-Benga, Kako, Lundu-Balong, 

Makaa-Njem, Mbam (Sanaga, West, Yambasa), Yaunde-Fang 

groups (from zone A); Kele, Mbere, Myene, Njebi, Sira, Teke, 

Tsogo, Yanzi groups (zone B); Bushong, Kele, Mbosi, Mongo, 

Ngando, Ngombe, Ngundi, Tetela groups (from zone C) T6 

Class here Duala T6 

—963 968 *‡Bangi-Ntomba group T6 

—963 968 6 *‡Lingala languages 

Class here Lingala 

21 
















—963 97 *‡Southern Bantu languages 

—963 975 *‡Shona group 

Including Makua, Matumbi, Yao groups (zone P); Chopi group 

(from zone S) 

Class here southeastern Bantu languages 

For Nguni group, see —96398; for southwestern Bantu 

languages, Lozi, see —96399 T6 

Class here Shona T6 

—963 976 *‡Venda (Tshivenda) T6 

—963 977 *‡Sotho-Tswana group 

Class here Sotho languages 

Ndebele (South Africa) relocated to —963989 

Class Lozi in —96399 T6 

—963 977 1 *‡Northern Sotho 

—963 977 2 *‡Southern Sotho T6 

—963 977 5 *‡Tswana T6 

—963 978 *‡Tswa-Ronga group 

—963 98 *‡Nguni group 

—963 985 *‡Xhosa 

—963 986 *‡Zulu 


Class comprehensive works on Northern and Southern Sotho 

in —963977 T6 

Class here Tsonga T6 

Including Ndebele (Zimbabwe) T6 

Class Fanakalo in —963986 T6 

Including Fanakalo T6 

—963 987 *‡Swazi (siSwati) T6 

—963 989 *‡Ndebele (South Africa) [formerly —963977] T6 

—963 99 *‡Southwestern Bantu languages 

Including Chokwe-Luchazi, Diriku, Kwangwa, Subia groups (from 

zone K); Herero, Ndonga, South Mbundu, Yeye groups (zone R); 

Lozi 

Class Holu, Mbala, Salampasu-Ndembo groups in —96393 

22 















—965 *‡Nilo-Saharan languages 

Including Nilotic, Nubian languages; Luo, Songhai 

Class here Chari-Nile (Macrosudanic) languages T6 

—97 *‡North American native languages 

Class here comprehensive works on North and South American native 

languages 

For South American native languages, see —98 T6 

—971 *‡Inuit, Yupik, Aleut languages 

Class here Eskimo languages T6 

—971 2 *‡Inuit (Inuktitut) languages 

Including Inupiatun, Kalâtdlisut (Greenlandic) 

—971 24 *‡Eastern Canadian Inuktitut T6 

—971 4 *‡Yupik languages 

—971 9 *‡Aleut T6 

—972 *‡Na-Dene languages 

Class comprehensive works on Inuit and Yupik languages in —971 T6 

Including Siberian Yupik languages; Yuit T6 

Including Chipewyan, Hupa, Koyukon 

Class here Athapaskan languages T6 

—972 5 *‡Apachean languages 

Including Jicarilla Apache, Kiowa Apache 

For Navajo, see —9726 

See also —97492 for Kiowa T6 

—972 56 *‡Mescalero-Chiricahua Apache 

—972 6 *‡Navajo (Diné) T6 

—972 7 *‡Tlingit T6 

—972 8 *‡Haida T6 

Class here Chiricahua, Mescalero T6 

—973 *‡Algic and Muskogean languages 

Standard subdivisions are added for Algic and Muskogean languages 

together, for Algic languages alone 

Including Lumbee, Yurok 

Class here Algonquian languages 

23 
















> —973 1–973 5*‡Algonquian languages 


—973 1 *‡Central Algonquian languages 

—973 12 *‡Kickapoo T6 

—973 13 *‡Menomini T6 

—973 14 *‡Mesquakie 

For Cree-Montagnais-Naskapi languages, see —9732; for Ojibwa 

languages, see —9733 T6 

Class here Fox T6 

—973 149 *‡Sauk (Sac) T6 

—973 15 *‡Miami 

—973 16 *‡Potawatomi T6 

—973 17 *‡Shawnee T6 

Including Illinois T6 

—973 2 *‡Cree-Montagnais-Naskapi languages T6 

—973 23 *‡Cree 

Including Michif T6 

—973 3 *‡Ojibwa languages T6 

—973 33 *‡Ojibwa 

—973 36 *‡Ottawa T6 

Class here Chippewa T6 

—973 4 *‡Eastern Algonquian languages 

—973 43 *‡Micmac T6 

Including Abnaki, Malecite-Passamaquoddy T6 

—973 44 *‡Mohegan-Montauk-Narragansett 

—973 449 *‡Stockbridge T6 

—973 45 *‡Unami and Munsee 

—973 47 *‡Powhatan 

Class here Mohegan, Montauk, Narragansett, Pequot T6 

Standard subdivisions are added for Unami and Munsee together, 

for Unami alone 

Variant names for Unami: Delaware, Lenni Lenape 

Variant name for Munsee: Delaware T6 

24 






















—973 48 *‡Wampanoag 

Including Massachuset T6 

—973 5 *‡Plains Algonquian languages T6 

—973 52 *‡Blackfoot 

—973 53 *‡Cheyenne T6 

Class here Siksika T6 

—973 54 *‡Arapaho languages 

Including Gros Ventre (Atsina) 

Class here Arapaho T6 

—973 8 *‡Muskogean languages 

Including Koasati, Mikasuki T6 

—973 85 *‡Muskogee (Creek) and Seminole 

—973 859 *‡Seminole T6 

—973 86 *‡Chickasaw T6 

—973 87 *‡Choctaw T6 

Standard subdivisions are added for Muskogee and Seminole 

together, for Muskogee alone T6 


—974 *‡Penutian, Mayan, Mixe-Zoque, Uto-Aztecan, Kiowa Tanoan languages 


—974 1 *‡Penutian languages 

Including Chinook, Maidu 

Mixe-Zoque languages relocated to —9743 











Class Zuni in —97994; class Araucanian languages in —9872; class 

Uru-Chipaya languages in —989 T6 DeweyiDecimaliClassification T6 Table[6.[Languages T6 

—974 12 *‡Plateau Penutian and Tsimshian languages 

Including Umatilla T6 

—974 122 *‡Klamath-Modoc 

—974 124 *‡Nez Percé T6 

—974 127 *‡Yakama T6 

—974 128 *‡Tsimshian T6 

Class here Klamath, Modoc T6 

—974 13 *‡Yok-Utian languages 

—974 133 *‡Miwok 

Including Costanoan, Yokuts T6 

25 








—[974 15] *‡Mayan languages 


—974 2 *‡Mayan languages [formerly —97415] 

—974 22 *‡Cakchikel T6 

—974 23 *‡Quiché T6 

Including Kekchí, Mam, Tzutujil 

—974 27 *‡Yucatecan languages 

Class here Quichean-Mamean, Quichean languages T6 

Including Itzá, Lacandón, Mopán 

Class here Maya, Yucatec Maya T6 

—974 28 *‡Cholan-Tzeltalan languages 

—974 287 *‡Tzotzil T6 

Including Tzeltal T6 

—974 3 *‡Mixe-Zoque languages [formerly —9741] T6 

—974 5 *‡Uto-Aztecan languages 

Including Cahuilla, LuiseÔo T6 

—974 52 *‡Aztecan languages 

Class here Nahuatl (Aztec) T6 

—974 54 *‡Sonoran languages 

—974 542 *‡Yaqui T6 

—974 544 *‡Huichol T6 

For Tepiman languages, see —97455 T6 

—974 546 *‡Tarahumaran languages 

Class here Tarahumara T6 

—974 55 *‡Tepiman languages T6 

—974 552 *‡Tohono O’odham and Akimel O’odham 

—974 552 9 *‡Akimel O’odham (Pima) T6 

—974 57 *‡Numic languages 

Standard subdivisions are added for Tohono O’odham and 

Akimel O’odham together, for Tohono O’odham alone T6 

Including Mono T6 

—974 572 *‡Comanche T6 

—974 574 *‡Shoshoni 

26 






















—974 576 *‡Ute and Southern Paiute 

Standard subdivisions are added for Ute and Southern Paiute 

together, for Ute alone 

Including Chemehuevi T6 

—974 576 9 *‡Southern Paiute 

—974 577 *‡Northern Paiute 

—974 58 *‡Hopi T6 

Class here comprehensive works on Paiute 

For Northern Paiute, see —974577 T6 

Class here Bannock 

Class comprehensive works on Paiute in —9745769 T6 

—974 9 *‡Kiowa Tanoan languages (Tanoan languages) T6 

—974 92 *‡Kiowa 

—974 94 *‡Tewa T6 

—974 96 *‡Northern Tiwa 

—974 97 *‡Southern Tiwa 

See also —9725 for Kiowa Apache T6 

Class here Taos, comprehensive works on Northern and Southern 

Tiwa 

For Southern Tiwa, see —97497 T6 

Class here Isleta 

Class comprehensive works on Northern and Southern Tiwa in 

—97496 T6 

—975 *‡Siouan, Iroquoian, Hokan, Chumash, Yuki languages 

Class Keresan languages in —979; class Caddoan languages in —9793 

See also —979 for Yuchi T6 

—975 2 *‡Siouan languages 

—975 22 *‡Mandan T6 

Including Catawba, Iowa, Oto T6 

—975 24 *‡Dakota languages 

—975 243 *‡Dakota T6 

Including Assiniboine T6 

—975 244 *‡Lakota (Teton) T6 

—975 25 *‡Dhegiha languages 

27 


















—975 253 *‡Omaha and Ponca 

—975 253 9 *‡Ponca T6 

—975 254 *‡Osage T6 

—975 26 *‡Winnebago T6 

—975 27 *‡Missouri Valley Siouan languages T6 

—975 272 *‡Crow T6 

—975 274 *‡Hidatsa T6 

—975 5 *‡Iroquoian languages 

Standard subdivisions are added for Omaha and Ponca together, 

for Omaha alone T6 

Including Tuscarora T6 

—975 54 *‡Five Nations languages 

—975 542 *‡Mohawk T6 

—975 543 *‡Oneida T6 

—975 546 *‡Seneca T6 

—975 55 *‡Wyandot 

—975 57 *‡Cherokee T6 

Including Cayuga, Onondaga T6 

Class here Huron T6 

—975 7 *‡Hokan languages T6 

—975 72 *‡Yuman languages 

—975 722 *‡Mohave T6 

Including Maricopa, Quechan (Yuma) T6 

—975 724 *‡Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai 

—975 74 *‡Pomo languages T6 

—975 76 *‡Washo T6 

—975 8 *‡Chumash languages T6 

—976 *‡Oto-Manguean languages 

Including Otomí T6 

—976 3 *‡Mixtecan languages 

Class here Havasupai, Walapai, Yavapai T6 

Class here Mixtec 

28 

























—976 8 *‡Zapotecan languages 

Class here Zapotec T6 

—978 *‡Chibchan languages of Central America, Misumalpan languages 

Standard subdivisions are added for Chibchan languages of Central 

America and Misumalpan languages together, for Chibchan languages of 

Central America alone 

Class comprehensive works on Chibchan languages in —982 T6 

—978 3 *‡San Blas Kuna (San Blas Cuna) T6 

—978 8 *‡Misumalpan languages T6 

—978 82 *‡Mískito T6 

—979 *‡Other North American languages 

Including Chimakuan, Coahuiltecan, Gulf, Huavean, Keres, 

Subtiaba-Tlapanec, Totonacan languages; Choco languages of Central 

America; Cuitlateco, Lenca, Xinca, Yuchi 

Class comprehensive works on Choco languages in —989 

See also —975 for Yuki languages T6 

—979 2 *‡Arawakan languages of Central America and West Indies 

—979 22 *‡Taino T6 

Including Garífuna (Black Carib) 

—979 3 *‡Caddoan languages 

—979 32 *‡Arikara T6 

—979 33 *‡Pawnee T6 

Class comprehensive works on Arawakan languages in —9839 

See also —9842 for Carib languages T6 

Including Caddo, Wichita T6 

—979 4 *‡Salishan languages T6 

—979 43 *‡Interior Salish languages 

Including Coeur d’Alene (Skitswish), Shuswap, Spokane T6 

—979 435 *‡Kalispel-Pend d’Oreille (Salish) 

—979 5 *‡Wakashan languages T6 

—979 53 *‡Kwakiutl T6 

—979 54 *‡Makah T6 

—979 55 *‡Nootka 

Class here Kalispel, Pend d’Oreille T6 

29 




















—979 6 *‡Tarascan languages 

Class here Purépecha (Tarasco) T6 

—979 9 *‡Kutenai and Zuni T6 

—979 92 *‡Kutenai T6 

—979 94 *‡Zuni T6 

—98 *‡South American native languages T6 

—982 *‡Chibchan and Barbacoan languages; Paez 

Class Warao in —989; class Yanomam languages in —9892 

For Chibchan languages of Central America, see —978 T6 


—983 *‡Quechuan, Aymaran, Tucanoan, Jivaroan, Tupí, Arawakan languages 


—983 2 *‡Quechuan and Aymaran languages T6 

—983 23 *‡Quechuan (Kechuan) languages 

Class here Quechua (Kechua) 

—983 24 *‡Aymaran languages 

Class Aymaran languages in —98324 T6 

Class here Aymara T6 

—983 5 *‡Tucanoan languages 

Including Tucano T6 

—983 7 *‡Jivaroan languages 

—983 72 *‡Shuar T6 

Class Yaruro in —989 T6 

—983 8 *‡Tupí languages 

Class here Tupí-Guaraní languages T6 

—983 82 *‡Languages in subgroups I and II of the Tupí-Guaraní family 

—983 822 *‡Paraguayan Guaraní T6 

—[983 829] *‡Tupí (Nhengatu) 

Including eastern and western Bolivian Guaraní; Mbyá Guaraní T6 


—983 83 *‡Languages in subgroup III of the Tupí-Guaraní family 

Including Tupinambá T6 

—983 832 *‡Tupí (Nhengatu) [formerly —983829] 

30 



















—983 9 *‡Arawakan languages 

Class here comprehensive works on Arawakan languages of South 

America and of Central America and West Indies 

Class Guahiban languages in —989 

For Arawakan languages of Central America and West Indies, see 

—9792 T6 

—984 *‡Carib, Macro-Gê, Nambiquaran, Panoan languages 

—984 2 *‡Carib languages 

—984 22 *‡Carib (Galibi) T6 

Class Mataco-Guaicuru languages in —987; class Tacanan, Witotoan 

languages in —989 T6 

See also —9792 for Island Carib, Black Carib T6 

—987 *‡Araucanian, Alacalufan, Chon, Lule-Vilela, Mataco-Guaicuru 

languages T6 

—987 2 *‡Araucanian languages 

Class here Mapudungun (Mapuche) T6 

—989 *‡Other South American languages 

Including Arauan, Arutani-Sape, Cahuapanan, Chapacura-Wanham, 

Choco, Guahiban, Harakmbet, Katukinan, Maku, Mascoian, Mosetenan, 

Mura, Peba-Yaguan, Salivan, Tacanan, Uru-Chipaya, Witotoan, 

Zamucoan, Zaparoan languages; Warao, Yaruro 

—989 2 *‡Yanomam languages 

For Choco languages of Central America, see —979 T6 

Class here Yanomamo T6 

—99 *‡Non-Austronesian languages of Oceania, Austronesian languages, 

miscellaneous languages T6 

—991 *‡Non-Austronesian languages of Oceania 

—991 2 *‡Papuan languages 

Including Bayono-Awbono, Lower Mamberamo languages T6 

Non-Austronesian languages of New Guinea and related languages 

spoken nearby 

Including Amto-Musan, East Bird’s Head, Geelvink Bay, 

Kwomtari-Baibai, Left May, Sepik-Ramu, Sko, Torricelli, Trans-New 

Guinea languages 

See also —995 for eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages of New 

Guinea 

31 













—991 5 *‡Australian and Tasmanian languages 

—991 59 *‡Tasmanian languages T6 

—992 *‡Austronesian languages 

Standard subdivisions are added for Australian and Tasmanian 

languages together, for Australian languages alone 

Aboriginal languages of Australia and Tasmania, and related languages 

of adjacent islands 

Class Papuan languages spoken in Australia in —9912 T6 

Including Taiwan (Formosan) languages 

Class here Malayo-Polynesian languages 

Chamorro relocated to —9952 

—992 1 *‡Philippine languages 




For Malagasy, see —993; for eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages, 

see —995 T6 DeweyiDecimaliClassification T6 Table[6.[Languages T6 

Including Sambalic languages T6 

—992 11 *‡Tagalog (Filipino) T6 

—992 2 *‡Malayo-Polynesian languages of Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, 

Brunei, East Timor; Chamic languages 

Former heading: Indonesian and Chamic languages 

Standard subdivisions are added for Malayo-Polynesian languages of 

Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, East Timor, Chamic languages 

together; for Malayo-Polynesian languages of Indonesia, Malaysia, 

Singapore, Brunei, East Timor together; for Malayo-Polynesian 

languages of Indonesia alone 

Including central Malayo-Polynesian languages 

Class here Local Malay languages 

—992 21 *‡Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia) 

—992 22 *‡Javanese T6 

For Malay (Bahasa Malaysia, standard Malay) and aboriginal 

Malay languages, see —9928 



See also —9912 for non-Austronesian languages of New Guinea; 

also —995 for eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages T6 DeweyiDecimaliClassification T6 Table[6.[Languages T6 

Class comprehensive works on Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia) and 

Malay (Bahasa Malaysia, standard Malay) in —9928 T6 

—992 23 *‡Other Malayo-Polynesian languages of Java and Bali T6 

—992 232 *‡Sunda (Sundanese) T6 

—992 234 *‡Madura (Madurese) T6 

—992 238 *‡Bali (Balinese) 

32 







—992 24 *‡Malayo-Polynesian languages of Sumatra T6 

—992 242 *‡Aceh (Achinese) T6 

—992 244 *‡Minangkabau T6 

—992 246 *‡Batak languages T6 

—992 246 2 *‡Batak Toba T6 

—992 246 6 *‡Batak Dairi T6 

—992 248 *‡Lampung T6 

—992 25 *‡Malayo-Polynesian languages of Kalimantan, Sarawak, Sabah, Brunei 

—992 256 *‡Banjar (Banjarese) T6 

Including northwest Malayo-Polynesian languages T6 

—992 26 *‡Malayo-Polynesian languages of Celebes (Sulawesi) 

Class here Sulawesi languages T6 

—992 262 *‡Bugis (Buginese) T6 

—992 264 *‡Makasar T6 

—992 8 *‡Malay (Bahasa Malaysia, Standard Malay) and aboriginal Malay 

languages 

—993 *‡Malagasy T6 

Standard subdivisions are added for Malay (Bahasa Malaysia, standard 

Malay) and aboriginal Malay languages together, for Malay (Bahasa 

Malaysia, standard Malay) alone 

Including Proto-Malay, Jakun 

—994 *‡Polynesian languages 

Class here comprehensive works on Malay (Bahasa Malaysia, standard 

Malay) and Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia) 

Class comprehensive works on Local Malay languages in —9922; class 

Semang, Senoic languages in —9593 

For Indonesian, see —99221 T6 

Including Rapanui 

Comprehensive works on Oceanic languages relocated to —995 T6 

—994 2 *‡Marquesic languages 

Including Marquesan 

Class here Hawaiian T6 

—994 4 *‡Tahitic languages 

—994 42 *‡Maori 

Including Rarotongan T6 

33 




















—994 44 *‡Tahitian T6 

—994 6 *‡Samoic Outlier languages 

—994 62 *‡Samoan T6 

—994 8 *‡Tongic languages T6 

—994 82 *‡Tongan (Tonga) T6 

—994 84 *‡Niue (Niuean) T6 

Including Nukuoro, Rennellese, Tuvalu T6 

—995 *‡Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages 

Including South Halmahera-West New Guinea languages 

Class here comprehensive works on Oceanic languages [formerly —994], 

Austronesian languages of Melanesia and Micronesia 

For Polynesian languages, see —994 

—995 2 *‡Micronesian languages 

—995 9 *‡Eastern Fijian languages 

See also —9912 for non-Austronesian languages of Melanesia T6 

Including Chamorro [formerly also —992], Palauan T6 

Class here Fijian 

—999 *‡Miscellaneous languages 

—999 2 *‡Basque T6 

—999 3 *‡Elamite T6 

—999 4 *‡Etruscan T6 

—999 5 *‡Sumerian 

See also —9149 for Fijian Hindustani (Fiji Hindi) T6 

Only those named below 

Including Hurrian languages T6 

See also —926 for Eblaite language T6 

—999 6 *‡Caucasian (Caucasic) languages T6 

> —999 62–999 64*‡North Caucasian languages 


—999 62 *‡Abkhazo-Adyghian (Northwest Caucasian) languages 

—999 623 *‡Abkhaz 

Including Abazin, Ubykh T6 

34 




















—999 624 *‡Circassian languages 

—999 625 *‡Adyghe T6 

Including Kabardian 

For Adyghe, see —999625 T6 

—999 64 *‡Nakho-Daghestan (Northeast Caucasian) languages 

—999 641 *‡Nakh languages 

Including Avaro-Andi-Dido group; Avaric, Dargwa, Lak, Lezghian, 

Tabasaran 

Class here Daghestan languages T6 

Including Chechen, Ingush 

Class here north central Caucasian languages T6 

—999 68 *‡Kartvelian (South Caucasian) languages 

—999 69 *‡Georgian T6 

Including Laz, Svan 

—999 8 *‡Sign languages 

For Georgian, see —99969 T6 

Including sign languages used primarily for purposes other than 

communication of deaf people 

Class comprehensive works on sign languages in 419 T6 

—999 84–999 89 *‡Sign languages used primarily for communication among deaf persons 

or between hearing and deaf persons 

Class here indigenous sign languages of deaf communities 

Add to base number —9998 notation 4–9 from Table 2, e.g., British 

Sign Language —999841, Spanish Sign Language —999846, 

Catalonian Sign Language —9998467, American Sign Language 

—99987 T6 

—999 9 *‡Artificial languages 

—999 92 *‡Esperanto T6 

—999 93 *‡Interlingua 

Including Afrihili, Klingon T6 

35 












T6 ManualioniUseiofiDeweyiDecimaliClassification [ 

T6—0 

T6—926 

T6—9639 

Table 6. Languages 

T6 ManualioniUseiofiDeweyiDecimaliClassification [ Table[6.[Languages T6[ 

The source of in for ma tion about lan guage fami lies most used in re cent re vi sions 

of Ta ble 6 is Eth nologue, 15th edi tion (Dal las, Texas: SIL In ter na tional, 2005; 

also on the Inter net http://www.eth nologue.com/). How ever, Ta ble 6 di verges 

from Eth nologue in many spe cific in stances. Check Ta ble 6 and the Rela tive In - 

dex first to find a spe cific lan guage or group of lan guages. If noth ing is found, 

con sult Eth nologue to find the ap pro pri ate lan guage fam ily or group of lan - 

guages. T6 

Linear A 

ManualioniUseiofiDeweyiDecimaliClassification [ Table[6.[Languages T6[ 

It is not known what lan guage is rep re sented by the Lin ear A script used in an - 

cient Crete (also known as Mi noan Lin ear A). At one time the lan guage was 

thought to be a West Se mitic lan guage, and works on the script have been classed 

in T6—926 Ca naan ite lan guages for many years. If the script is de ci phered and 

the lan guage iden ti fied as a non- Canaanite lan guage, then Lin ear A will be 

moved to the ap pro pri ate place. T6 

Bantu languages 

ManualioniUseiofiDeweyiDecimaliClassification [ Table[6.[Languages T6[ 

Groups and zones of Bantu lan guages were origi nally based on Mal colm 

Guthrie’s Com para tive Bantu; an In tro duc tion to the Com para tive Lin guis tics 

and Pre his tory of the Bantu Lan guages, 1967–1971. These groups and zones ap - 

pear in a modi fied and up dated form in Eth nologue, 15th edi tion (Dal las, Texas: 

SIL In ter na tional, 2005; also on the Inter net http://www.eth nologue.com/). Most 

of the time, but not al ways, Ta ble 6 fol lows Eth nologue. Check Ta ble 6 and the 

Rela tive In dex first to find a spe cific lan guage or group of lan guages. If noth ing 

is found, con sult Eth nologue. 

36

A 

Abaza language T6—999 62 

Abazin language T6—999 62 

Abkhaz language T6—999 623 

Abkhazo-Adyghian 

languages T6—999 62 

Abnaki language T6—973 4 

Aboriginal Australian 


Aboriginal Malay 


NAbulas language T6—991 2 

Aceh language T6—992 242 

NAcehnese language T6—992 242 

Achinese language T6—992 242 

Acoli language T6—965 

Adamawa-Eastern languages T6—963 61 

Adamawa languages T6—963 61 

Adamawa-Ubangi languages T6—963 61 

Adangme language T6—963 37 

Adyghe language T6—999 625 

Aequian language T6—797 

Afar language T6—935 

Afghan language T6—915 93 

African languages T6—96 

Afrihili (Artificial 

language) T6—999 9 

Afrikaans language T6—393 6 

Afro-Asiatic languages T6—92 

non-Semitic T6—93 

Afrohili (Artificial 


I Ahanta language T6—963 38 

Ainu language T6—946 

Aka language (Central 

African Republic) T6—963 96 

Akan language T6—963 385 

Akimel O’odham language T6—974 552 9 

Akkadian language T6—921 

Akoli language T6—965 

Akpes language T6—963 3 

Akwe-Shavante language T6—984 

NAlabama language T6—973 8 

Alacalufan languages T6—987 

Alaskan Inuit languages T6—971 2 

Alaskan Inuktitut 


Albanian language T6—919 91 

Aleut language T6—971 9 

Algic languages T6—973 

NAlgonkian languages T6—973 

NAlgonkin language T6—973 3 

Algonquian languages T6—973 

RelativeiIndex 

37 

NAlgonquin language T6—973 3 

Alsatian dialect T6—34 

Altai language T6—943 3 

Altaic languages T6—94 

NAlur language T6—965 

NAmele language T6—991 2 

American English 

dialects (U.S.) T6—21 

American Indian languages T6—97 

South America T6—98 

American native languages T6—97 


P American Sign Language T6—999 87 

Amerind languages T6—97 


P Ameslan (Sign language) T6—999 87 

Amharic language T6—928 7 

I Ami language (Australia) T6—991 5 

Ammonite language T6—926 

Amto-Musan languages T6—991 2 

Anatolian languages T6—919 98 

Andean languages T6—983 2 

Andhra language T6—948 27 

Andi languages T6—999 64 

NAndoke language T6—989 

NAndoque language T6—989 

Angas language T6—937 

I Angas languages T6—937 

Anglo-Saxon language T6—29 

Angoni language T6—963 98 

Annam-Muong languages T6—959 2 

Annamese language T6—959 22 

Anyi language T6—963 38 

NAnyin language T6—963 38 

NApache languages T6—972 5 

Apachean languages T6—972 5 

Arabic language T6—927 

I Araki language T6—995 

Aramaic languages T6—922 

NAranda language T6—991 5 

NAraona language T6—989 

Arapaho language T6—973 54 

Arauan languages T6—989 

NAraucanian language T6—987 2 

Araucanian languages T6—987 2 

NArawak language T6—983 9 

Arawakan languages T6—983 9 

Central America T6—979 2 

South America T6—983 9 

West Indies T6—979 2 

NArbore language T6—935 

I Argentine Sign Language T6—999 882 

E T6—999 882 

NArgobba language T6—928 

____

Arikara language T6—979 32 

Armenian language T6—919 92 

I Arop-Lokep language T6—995 

Artificial languages T6—999 9 

Arutani-Sape languages T6—989 

Aryan languages 

(Indo-European) T6—1 

Aryan languages 

(Indo-Iranian) T6—911 

Ashante language T6—963 385 

NAsheninca Campa language T6—983 9 

P ASL (Sign language) T6—999 87 

NAsmat language T6—991 2 

Assamese language T6—914 51 

Assiniboine language T6—975 24 

Assyrian dialect T6—921 

Assyro-Babylonian 

language T6—921 

Asua language T6—965 

NAthabascan languages T6—972 

NAthapascan-Eyak languages T6—972 

Athapascan languages T6—972 

P Athapaskan languages T6—972 

I Atikamekw language T6—973 2 

Atlantic languages 

(Africa) T6—963 2 

Atsina language T6—973 54 

Attie language T6—963 37 

E Auslan (Sign language) T6—999 894 

NAustralian Aboriginal 


Australian languages T6—991 5 

I Australian Sign Language T6—999 894 

E T6—999 894 

Austro-Asiatic languages T6—959 3 

Austroasiatic languages T6—959 3 

Austronesian languages T6—992 

Auvergnat dialect 

(Occitan language) T6—491 

Avar language T6—999 64 

Avaric language T6—999 64 

Avaro-Andi-Dido languages T6—999 64 

Avestan language T6—915 2 

I Avikam language T6—963 37 

P Awadhi dialect T6—914 92 

NAwbono language T6—991 

I Awutu language T6—963 38 

NAyatalic languages T6—992 

Aymara language T6—983 24 

Aymaran languages T6—983 24 

Azerbaijani language T6—943 61 

Aztec language T6—974 52 

Aztecan languages T6—974 52 

DeweyiDecimaliClassification 

38 

B 

Babylonian dialect T6—921 

I Bacama language T6—937 

I Bactrian language T6—915 3 

I Bade language T6—937 

Badui language T6—992 23 

Bafia languages T6—963 96 

P Bagheli dialect T6—914 92 

Bahasa Indonesia T6—992 21 

Bahasa Kebangsaan T6—992 8 

Bahasa Malaysia T6—992 8 

Bahasa Melayu T6—992 8 

Bahing-Vayu languages T6—954 9 

NBahnaric languages T6—959 3 

Baka language T6—963 61 

I Baki language T6—995 

Bali language T6—992 238 

Balinese language T6—992 238 

Balkar language T6—943 8 

Balochi language T6—915 98 

Balong language T6—963 96 

I T6—963 96 

Baltic-Finnic languages T6—945 4 

Baltic languages T6—919 

NBalto-Finnic languages T6—945 4 

Balto-Slavic languages T6—918 

Baluchi language T6—915 98 

Bamana language 

(Mandekan) T6—963 452 

Bambara language T6—963 452 

Bamileke languages T6—963 6 

Bamun language T6—963 6 

Bana language T6—963 6 

Banda languages T6—963 61 

Bandi language T6—963 48 

Bandjoun language T6—963 6 

Bangi-Ntomba languages T6—963 968 

NBangi-Ntumba languages T6—963 968 

Banjar language T6—992 256 

Banjar Malay language T6—992 256 

Banjarese language T6—992 256 

Bannock language T6—974 577 

Bantoid languages T6—963 6 

Bantu languages T6—963 9 

see Manual at T6—9639 

I Banziri language T6—963 61 

Baoulé language T6—963 38 

Barai language T6—991 2 

Barbacoan languages T6—982 

Bari language T6—965 

Baric languages T6—954 

I Barngarla language T6—991 5 

____

Basaa language (Cameroon) T6—963 96 

NBasari language (Guinea, 

Senegal, Gambia) T6—963 2 

NBasari language (Togo 

and Ghana) T6—963 5 

Bashkir language T6—943 8 

Basque language T6—999 2 

Bassa language (Cameroon) T6—963 96 

Bassa language (Liberia) T6—963 3 

NBassari language 

(Guinea, Senegal, 

Gambia) T6—963 2 

NBassari language (Togo 

and Ghana) T6—963 5 

I Bata language T6—937 

Batak Dairi language T6—992 246 6 

Batak languages T6—992 246 

Batak Toba language T6—992 246 2 

NBaulé language T6—963 38 

Bayono-Awbono languages T6—991 

I Beary dialect T6—948 14 

I Begak dialect T6—992 

E Begheli dialect T6—914 92 

Beijing dialect T6—951 1 

Beja language T6—935 

I Bekati’ language T6—992 25 

Belarusian language T6—917 99 

NBella Coola language T6—979 4 

Belorussian language T6—917 99 

Bemba language T6—963 915 

NBembe-Kabwari languages T6—963 94 

Bembe language (Lake 

Tanganyika) T6—963 94 

Bena-Kinga languages T6—963 91 

I Benakat language T6—992 

Benga language T6—963 96 

Bengali-Assamese 


Bengali language T6—914 4 

Benue-Congo languages T6—963 6 

Benue-Niger languages T6—963 6 

Berber languages T6—933 

NBerik language T6—991 2 

Bété language T6—963 3 

NBhili language T6—914 7 

Bhojpuri language T6—914 54 

NBiangai language T6—991 2 

Biblical Aramaic language T6—922 9 

Biblical Greek language T6—87 

Bielorussian language T6—917 99 

Bihari language T6—914 54 

I BilªspurÌ dialect T6—914 9 

Biluchi language T6—915 98 

I Bimin language T6—991 2 


39 

Bini language T6—963 3 

Bira-Huku languages T6—963 94 

Bisa-Lamba languages T6—963 91 

Bislama language T6—217 

Black Carib language T6—979 2 

NBlackfeet language T6—973 52 

Blackfoot language T6—973 52 

Bobangi language T6—963 968 

Bobo language T6—963 5 

Bodish languages T6—954 

Bodo languages T6—954 

Bokm(l language T6—398 2 

I Bole language T6—937 

Bongo-Bagirmi languages T6—965 

Bornean languages T6—992 25 

Borneo languages T6—992 25 

NBosniak language T6—918 39 

Bosnian language T6—918 39 

NBotolan Sambal language T6—992 1 

NBoyash dialect T6—591 

Brahui language T6—948 3 

Brazilian Portuguese 

dialects T6—69 

E Brazilian Sign Language T6—999 881 

I T6—999 881 

Breton language T6—916 8 

P British Sign Language T6—999 841 

NBru language T6—959 3 

Brythonic languages T6—916 

Bube-Benga languages T6—963 96 

I Bubi language (Gabon) T6—963 96 

Buginese language T6—992 262 

Bugis language T6—992 262 

Bulgarian language T6—918 11 

Bulu language T6—963 96 

NBurarra language T6—991 5 

Burgundian language T6—399 

Buriat language T6—942 

Burmese language T6—958 

Buryat language T6—942 

Bushman languages T6—961 

Bushong languages T6—963 96 

NBushoong language T6—963 96 

I Buxing language T6—959 3 

I Bwatoo language T6—995 

P Bwile language T6—963 93 

Byelorussian language T6—917 99 

Byzantine Greek language T6—87 

C 

Caddo language T6—979 3 

Caddoan languages T6—979 3 

I Caduveo language T6—987 

____

NCahita languages T6—974 54 

Cahuapanan languages T6—989 

Cahuilla language T6—974 5 

Cajun French dialect T6—41 

Cakchikel language T6—974 22 

Cambodian language T6—959 32 

Campa language T6—983 9 

Canaanite language T6—926 

Canaanitic languages T6—926 

Canadian language 

English T6—21 

French T6—41 

Inuit T6—971 2 

Canella language T6—984 

Cantonese dialects T6—951 7 

NCaraja language T6—984 

NCarajó language T6—984 

Carib language T6—984 22 

Carib languages T6—984 2 

NCariban languages T6—984 2 

NCarolinian language T6—995 2 

I Carpatho-Rusyn language T6—917 

NCarrier language T6—972 

NCashinawa language T6—984 

Catalan language T6—499 

I Catalan Sign Language T6—999 846 7 

E T6—999 846 7 

E Catalonian Sign Language T6—999 846 7 

Catawba language T6—975 2 

NCatuquina language 

(Katukinan) T6—989 

NCatuquina language 

(Panoan) T6—984 

I Caucasian Albanian 

language T6—999 64 

Caucasian languages T6—999 6 

Caucasic languages T6—999 6 

NCayapa language T6—982 

NCayapó language T6—984 

Cayuga language T6—975 54 

Cebuano language T6—992 1 

Celtic languages T6—916 

Central Algonquian 


Central American native 

languages T6—97 

Central Dravidian 


Central 

Malayo-Polynesian 


I Central Paman languages T6—991 5 

NCentral Sudanic languages T6—965 

Central Turkic languages T6—943 4 


40 

NCentral Yupik language T6—971 4 

NChachi language T6—982 

Chadic languages T6—937 

Chaga language T6—963 95 

Chagatai language T6—943 64 

Chagga language T6—963 95 

Chaldee (Aramaic) 


NCham language T6—992 2 

Chamic languages T6—992 2 

Chamorro language T6—995 2 

I Chaouia language T6—933 

NChapacura language T6—989 

Chapacura-Wanham 


Chari-Nile languages T6—965 

P Chattisgarhi dialect T6—914 92 

NChayahuita language T6—989 

Chechen language T6—999 641 

Chemehuevi language T6—974 576 

Chepang language T6—954 9 

Cheremis language T6—945 6 

Cherokee language T6—975 57 

Chewa language T6—963 918 

NChewong language T6—959 3 

Cheyenne language T6—973 53 

P Chhattisgarhi dialect T6—914 92 

Chibchan languages T6—982 

Central America T6—978 

Chichewa language T6—963 918 

Chickasaw language T6—973 86 

Chiga language T6—963 956 

I Chilean Sign Language T6—999 883 

E T6—999 883 

Chimakuan languages T6—979 

NChinantec language T6—976 

NChinanteco language T6—976 

Chinese language T6—951 

N dialects T6—951 7 

I Dialects T6—951 7 

I Taiwan T6—951 7 

I Chinese Sign Language T6—999 851 

E T6—999 851 

Chinook language T6—974 1 

Chinyanja language T6—963 918 

Chipaya language T6—989 

Chipewyan language T6—972 

Chippewa language T6—973 33 

Chiricahua language T6—972 56 

NChiriguano language T6—983 82 

NChivenda language T6—963 976 

Choco languages T6—989 

Central America T6—979 

Choctaw language T6—973 87 

____

NChokwe language T6—963 99 

Chokwe-Luchazi languages T6—963 99 

Chol language T6—974 28 

Cholan-Tzeltalan 


Chon languages T6—987 

Chopi languages T6—963 97 

NChorotega language T6—976 

NChorti language T6—974 28 

Chukchi-Kamchatkan 


Chukotko-Kamchatkan 


Chulupí language T6—987 

NChulym language T6—943 3 

I T6—943 3 

Chumash language T6—975 8 

Chumash languages T6—975 8 

Church Slavic language T6—918 17 

Church Slavonic language T6—918 17 

Chuukese language T6—995 2 

Chuvash language T6—943 15 

NCi-venda language T6—963 976 

Ciceˆwa language T6—963 918 

Circassian languages T6—999 624 

Classical Arabic language T6—927 

Classical Greek language T6—81 

Classical languages 

(Greek and Latin) T6—8 

Coahuiltecan languages T6—979 

I Coastal Paman languages T6—991 5 

NCocama language T6—983 83 

I Cochimi language T6—975 72 

Cockney dialect T6—21 

NCoconuco language T6—982 

Coeur d’Alene language T6—979 43 

I Colombian Sign Language T6—999 886 1 

E T6—999 886 1 

Comanche language T6—974 572 

Common Slavic language T6—918 

Congo-Kordofanian 


Congo language T6—963 931 

NCook Islands Maori 


NCoos language T6—974 1 

Coptic language T6—932 

Cora language T6—974 54 

NCorachol languages T6—974 54 

Cornish language T6—916 7 

Corsican language T6—599 84 

E Costa Rican Sign Language T6—999 872 86 

I T6—999 872 86 

Costanoan language T6—974 13 


41 

I Cowlitz language T6—979 4 

Cree language T6—973 23 

Creek language T6—973 85 

Crimean Tatar language T6—943 88 

Crioulo language T6—69 

Croatian language T6—918 3 

Cross River languages T6—963 64 

Crow language T6—975 272 

NCuicatec language T6—976 

Cuitlateco language T6—979 

Cuna language (Panama) T6—978 3 

I Cupíg dialect T6—971 4 

I Curonian language T6—919 

Cushitic languages T6—935 

NCymraeg language T6—916 6 

Cymric language T6—916 6 

Czech language T6—918 6 

D 

Daba language T6—937 

NDacian language T6—919 93 

Dagari language T6—963 5 

Dagbani language T6—963 5 

Dagestan languages T6—999 64 

Daghestan languages T6—999 64 

Dagomba language T6—963 5 

Dai language (Chad) T6—937 

Daic languages T6—959 

Dairi language T6—992 246 6 

Dakota language T6—975 243 

Dakota languages T6—975 24 

Dalmatian language 

(Romance) T6—57 

NDalmatian language 

(Slavic) T6—918 3 

NDalmato-Romanic language T6—57 

Dan language T6—963 4 

Dangaleat language T6—937 

Danish language T6—398 1 

Dano-Norwegian language T6—398 2 

Dard languages T6—914 99 

Dardic languages T6—914 99 

Dargi language T6—999 64 

Dargwa language T6—999 64 

Dari language T6—915 6 

I Darkhat language T6—942 

I Darumbal Language T6—991 5 

I Daˆw language T6—989 

Day language (Chad) T6—937 

NDayak language T6—992 25 

Daza language T6—965 

Defoid languages T6—963 3 

I Dehawali dialect T6—914 7 

____

Delaware language T6—973 45 

Demotic language 

(Egyptian) T6—931 

Demotic language (Modern 

Greek) T6—89 

I Dewoin language T6—963 3 

I Dhangu languages T6—991 5 

I Dhauwurd wurrung language 

T6—991 5 

Dhegiha languages T6—975 25 

NDhivehi language T6—914 89 

I Dhuwal language T6—991 5 

I Didinga language T6—965 

Dido language T6—999 64 

NDiegueÔo language T6—975 72 

I Dii language T6—963 61 

Diné language T6—972 6 

Dinka language T6—965 

Diola language T6—963 2 

Dioula language T6—963 45 

Diriku language T6—963 99 

Divehi language T6—914 89 

I Djabwurrung language T6—991 5 

I Djapu dialect T6—991 5 

Djirbal language T6—991 5 

Dogon language T6—963 

Dolgan language T6—943 3 

Dowayo language T6—963 61 

Doyayo language T6—963 61 

Dravida languages T6—948 1 

Dravidian languages T6—948 

Duala language T6—963 962 

Dutch language T6—393 1 

E Dutch Sign Language T6—999 849 2 

I T6—999 849 2 

I Duungidjawu dialect T6—991 5 

Dyerma language T6—965 

Dyula language T6—963 45 

Dzongkha language T6—954 

E 

East Asian languages T6—95 

East Bird’s Head 


East Germanic languages T6—399 

East Iranian languages 

(Ancient) T6—915 2 

NEast Papuan languages T6—991 2 

East Scandinavian 


East Semitic languages T6—921 

East Slavic languages T6—917 


42 

Eastern Algonquian 


Eastern Aramaic languages T6—923 

Eastern Arctic Inuit 


Eastern Canadian Inuit 


Eastern Canadian 

Inuktitut language T6—971 24 

P Eastern Fijian languages T6—995 9 

Eastern Himalayan 


P Eastern Hindi languages T6—914 92 

Eastern languages 

(Adamawa-Eastern 

phylum) T6—963 61 

Eastern 



Eastern Panjabi language T6—914 2 

Eastern Turkic languages T6—943 2 

Eblaite language T6—926 

Edo language T6—963 3 

Edoid languages T6—963 3 

Efik language T6—963 642 

Egba language T6—963 33 

Egyptian language T6—931 

Elamite language T6—999 3 

I Emae language T6—995 

Ena language T6—963 94 

I Endo language T6—965 

Enets language T6—944 

Enga language T6—991 2 

English creole languages T6—217 

English language T6—21 

Enya languages T6—963 94 

Eskimo-Aleut languages T6—971 

Eskimo languages T6—971 

Esperanto language T6—999 92 

Esthonian language T6—945 45 

Estonian language T6—945 45 

Ethiopian languages T6—928 

Ethiopic language T6—928 1 

Etruscan language T6—999 4 

Eurasiatic languages T6—1 

Even language T6—941 

Evenki language T6—941 

Ewe language T6—963 374 

Ewondo language T6—963 96 

NEyak language T6—972 

F 

Faeroese dialect T6—396 99 

____

I Fagani language T6—995 

Faliscan languages T6—794 

Fanagalo T6—963 986 

Fanakalo T6—963 986 

Fang language T6—963 96 

Fante language T6—963 385 

Fanti language T6—963 385 

Farsi language T6—915 5 

I Favorlang language T6—992 

Fe’fe’ language T6—963 6 

P Fijian language T6—995 9 

Filipino language T6—992 11 

Finnic languages T6—945 4 

Finnish language T6—945 41 

Finno-Ugric languages T6—945 

P Fipa language T6—963 94 

P Fipa-Mambwe languages T6—963 94 

Five Nations languages 

(Iroquoian) T6—975 54 

Flemish dialect T6—393 1 

Fon language T6—963 37 

NFormosan languages T6—992 

Fox language T6—973 14 

Franco-Provençal language T6—49 

Franconian dialect T6—32 

French creole languages T6—417 

French language T6—41 

E French Sign Language T6—999 844 

Friesian language T6—392 

Frisian language T6—392 

Friulian language T6—599 2 

P Fula language T6—963 22 

Fulah language T6—963 22 

Fulani language T6—963 22 

P Fulfulde language T6—963 22 

G 

Gã language T6—963 378 

Gadaba language 

(Dravidian) T6—948 2 

Gadaba language (Munda) T6—959 5 

Gadba language 

(Dravidian) T6—948 2 

Gadba language (Munda) T6—959 5 

Gaelic languages T6—916 

Irish T6—916 2 

Scottish T6—916 3 

Gagauz language T6—943 6 

NGahuku language T6—991 2 

Galcha language T6—915 7 

Galchah language T6—915 7 

Galibi language T6—984 22 

P Galician language T6—699 


43 

Galla language T6—935 5 

P Gallegan language T6—699 

I Galpu language T6—991 5 

Gambai dialect T6—965 

Gan dialects (China) T6—951 7 

I Gananwa dialect T6—963 977 1 

Ganda language T6—963 957 

P Garhwali language T6—914 96 

Garífuna language T6—979 2 

Garo language T6—954 

Gascon dialect (Occitan 

language) T6—491 

Gaulish language T6—916 

I Gaviao language (Para, 

Brazil) T6—984 

Gbandi language T6—963 48 

Gbaya language T6—963 61 

Gbe languages T6—963 37 

I T6—963 37 

Gê language T6—984 

NGê-Pano-Carib languages T6—984 

Geelvink Bay languages T6—991 2 

Ge‘ez language T6—928 1 

I Geman Deng language T6—954 

Gen-Gbe language T6—963 37 

Gen language T6—963 37 

Georgian language T6—999 69 

NGere language (Kru) T6—963 3 

NGere language (Mande) T6—963 4 

German language T6—31 

I German Sign Language T6—999 843 

E T6—999 843 

Germanic languages T6—3 

I Geviya language T6—963 96 

NGhomala language T6—963 6 

NGilbertese language T6—995 2 

Gilyak language T6—946 

NGimi language T6—991 2 

Gisu language T6—963 95 

NGlosa (Artificial 


NGoajiro language T6—983 9 

Goedelic languages T6—916 

Gogo languages T6—963 91 

Goidelic languages T6—916 

Goldi language T6—941 

Gondi language T6—948 23 

Gothic language T6—399 

Grebo language T6—963 3 

Greek language T6—8 

Greek language (Modern) T6—89 

Greenlandic Inuit 


____

Greenlandic Inuktitut 


Greenlandic language T6—971 2 

Gros Ventre language T6—973 54 

Guahiban languages T6—989 

Guaicuru languages T6—987 

NGuajiro language T6—983 9 

NGuambiano language T6—982 

Guanche language T6—933 

Guaraní language T6—983 822 

NGuaycuruan languages T6—987 

NGuaymi language T6—978 

NGuere language (Kru) T6—963 3 

NGuere language (Mande) T6—963 4 

Gujarati language T6—914 71 

Gulf languages (North 

American native 

languages) T6—979 

Gullah dialect T6—217 

Gumatj language T6—991 5 

I Gunwingguan languages T6—991 5 

I Gunya language T6—991 5 

Gur languages T6—963 5 

Gurage language T6—928 

I Gurindji language T6—991 5 

Gurma language T6—963 5 

Gurung language T6—954 

Gusii language T6—963 95 

I Gwahatike language T6—991 2 

I Gwere language T6—963 956 

NGyarung language T6—954 

Gypsy language T6—914 97 

H 

I Hadiya language T6—935 

I Hahon language T6—995 

Haida language T6—972 8 

Haitian Creole T6—417 

Hakka dialects T6—951 7 

I T6—951 7 

P Halh Mongolian language T6—942 3 

NHalia language T6—995 

NHalkomelem language T6—979 4 

Hamitic languages T6—93 

Hamito-Semitic languages T6—92 

Harakmbet language T6—989 

Harari language T6—928 

Hausa language T6—937 2 

I Hausa Sign Language T6—999 866 9 

NHavasupai language T6—975 724 

Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai 


Havu language T6—963 94 


44 

Hawaiian language T6—994 2 

Haya-Jita languages T6—963 95 

Hebrew language T6—924 

I Helambu Sherpa language T6—954 

Hellenic languages T6—8 

Hellenistic Greek 


Herero language T6—963 99 

Hesperonesian languages T6—992 

Hidatsa language T6—975 274 

Hieroglyphic Hittite 


Himalayish languages T6—954 

Hindi language T6—914 31 

NHiri Motu language T6—995 

NHishkaryana language T6—984 2 

Hittite language T6—919 98 

Hixkaryana language T6—984 2 

Hmong language T6—959 72 

Hmong-Mien languages T6—959 7 

NHo-Chunk language T6—975 26 

Ho language (Munda) T6—959 5 

I Hoava language T6—995 

NHoc·k language T6—975 26 

NHoggar Tamahaq language T6—933 8 

Hokan languages T6—975 7 

NHoloholo language T6—963 94 

I Holu language T6—963 93 

Holu languages T6—963 93 

Hopi language T6—974 58 

I Hopland dialect T6—975 74 

I Hote language T6—995 

Hottentot language T6—961 

Hsiang dialects T6—951 7 

Hualapai language T6—975 724 

NHuambisa language T6—983 7 

Huastec language T6—974 2 

NHuasteco language T6—974 2 

Huavean languages T6—979 

Huichol language T6—974 544 

Huku language T6—963 94 

NHunanese dialects T6—951 7 

Hungana language T6—963 93 

Hungarian language T6—945 11 

Hupa language T6—972 

Huron language T6—975 55 

Hurrian languages T6—999 

Hyperborean languages T6—946 

NIban language T6—992 25 

Ibibio language T6—963 64 

Ibo language T6—963 32 

I 

____

Icelandic language T6—396 91 

I Ida’an language T6—992 

I Idakho-Isuhka-Tiriki 


Idoma language T6—963 3 

Idomoid languages T6—963 3 

NIgala language T6—963 33 

Igbo language T6—963 32 

Igboid languages T6—963 3 

I Igo language T6—963 37 

Ijo language T6—963 

Ijoid languages T6—963 

I Ikongo language T6—963 96 

Ilamba-Irangi languages T6—963 94 

Illinois language T6—973 15 

NIllyrian language 

(Slavic) T6—918 3 

Illyrian languages 

(Ancient Indo-European) T6—919 93 

NIlocano language T6—992 1 

Iloko language T6—992 1 

I Inanwatan language T6—991 2 

Indian languages 

(American) T6—97 


E Indian sign language T6—999 854 

Indic languages T6—911 

Indo-Aryan languages T6—911 

Indo-European languages T6—1 

Indo-Germanic languages T6—1 

Indo-Hittite languages T6—1 

Indo-Iranian languages T6—911 

E Indo-Pakistan Sign 

Language T6—999 854 

Indonesian language 

(Bahasa Indonesia) T6—992 21 

Indonesian languages T6—992 2 

E Indonesian Sign Language T6—999 859 8 

I T6—999 859 8 

I Indopakistan Sign 


Indus script T6—9 

Ingrian language T6—945 4 

Ingush language T6—999 641 

NInnuit languages T6—971 2 

Interior Salish languages T6—979 43 

Interlingua language T6—999 93 

Inuit languages T6—971 2 

Inuktitut language 

(Eastern Canada) T6—971 24 

Inuktitut languages T6—971 2 

NInupiaq language T6—971 2 

NInupiat language T6—971 2 

Inupiatun language T6—971 2 


45 

Inupik language T6—971 2 

NInuttut language T6—971 24 

Iowa language T6—975 2 

Irangi language T6—963 94 

Iranian languages T6—915 

Irish Gaelic language T6—916 2 

Irish language T6—916 2 

I Irish Sign Language T6—999 841 5 

E T6—999 841 5 

Iroquoian languages T6—975 5 

NIroquois language T6—975 5 

Isiswazi language T6—963 987 

NIsland Carib language T6—979 2 

Isleta language T6—974 97 

I Israeli Sign Language T6—999 856 94 

E T6—999 856 94 

Italian language T6—51 

E Italian Sign Language T6—999 845 

I T6—999 845 

Italic languages T6—7 

Itzá language T6—974 27 

NIu Mien language T6—959 78 

I Izere language T6—963 6 

Jaipuri dialect T6—914 79 

Jakun language T6—992 8 

I Jaminjungan languages T6—991 5 

Japanese language T6—956 

I Japanese Sign Language T6—999 852 

E T6—999 852 

I Jarawa language (India) T6—959 

I Jaruára language T6—989 

Javanese language T6—992 22 

I Jawoyn language T6—991 5 

I Jehai language T6—959 3 

I Jero language T6—954 9 

Jiangxi dialects T6—951 7 

Jicarilla Apache language T6—972 5 

NJicarilla language T6—972 5 

Jindjibandji language T6—991 5 

Jingpho-Konyak-Bodo 


Jita language T6—963 95 

NJivaran languages T6—983 7 

NJivaro language T6—983 72 

NJivaroa language T6—983 72 

Jivaroan languages T6—983 7 

Joual T6—41 

Ju-chen language T6—941 

NJuchen language T6—941 

Judeo-Arabic language T6—927 

Judeo-German language T6—391 

J 

____

Judeo-Spanish language T6—67 

Jula language T6—963 45 

Jurchen language T6—941 

K 

I Kaba language (Central 

Sudanic) T6—965 

Kabardian language T6—999 624 

NKabwari language T6—963 94 

Kabyle language T6—933 4 

Kachin language T6—954 

Kadai languages T6—959 

I Kaduo language T6—954 

Kafiri languages T6—914 9 

I Kagoro language (Mali) T6—963 45 

I Kaidipang language T6—992 

Kaka languages T6—963 96 

Kako languages T6—963 96 

I Kalanga language 

(Botswana and Zimbabwe) 

T6—963 975 

Kalanga language 

(Tanzania and Congo) T6—963 94 

Kalâtdlisut language T6—971 2 

Kalenjin language T6—965 

NKalispel language T6—979 435 

Kalispel-Pend d’Oreille 


Kalmuck language T6—942 

Kalmyk language T6—942 

Kam-Sui languages T6—959 

NKamano language T6—991 2 

Kamba language T6—963 953 

I Kambata language T6—935 

NKamtuk language T6—991 2 

Kan dialects T6—951 7 

Kanarese language T6—948 14 

Kandh language T6—948 24 

Kanembu language T6—965 

Kannada language T6—948 14 

NKansa language T6—975 25 

Kanuri language T6—965 

I Kanyara languages T6—991 5 

Kaonde language T6—963 93 

Kara-Kalpak language T6—943 4 

Karachay-Balkar language T6—943 8 

NKaragas language T6—943 3 

Karaim language T6—943 8 

I Karajarri language T6—991 5 

Karakalpak language T6—943 4 

Karanga language T6—963 975 

I Karekare language T6—937 

Karelian language T6—945 4 


46 

Karen languages T6—95 

Kari languages (Bantu) T6—963 94 

Kartvelian languages T6—999 68 

Kasem language T6—963 5 

Kasena language T6—963 5 

Kashmiri language T6—914 99 

Kashubian language T6—918 5 

I Kasua language T6—991 2 

NKatharevousa language 

(Modern Greek) T6—89 

Katharevusa language 

(Modern Greek) T6—89 

Kattang language T6—991 5 

Katukinan languages T6—989 

I Kavalan language T6—992 

Kavirondo language 

(Nilotic) T6—965 

NKayan language T6—992 25 

NKayapó language T6—984 

Kazak language T6—943 45 

Kazakh language T6—943 45 

Kechua language T6—983 23 

Kechuan languages T6—983 23 

Kekchí language T6—974 2 

Kele languages 

(Democratic Republic 

of Congo) T6—963 96 

Kele languages (Gabon) T6—963 96 

I Keopara language T6—995 

Keres language T6—979 

NKeresan languages T6—979 

I Kerewo language T6—991 2 

Ket language T6—946 

Kete language T6—963 93 

Kewa language T6—991 2 

NKhakass language T6—943 3 

Khalaj language (Turkic) T6—943 6 

Khalkha Mongolian 


I Khamnigan language 

(Mongolian) T6—942 

Khanty language T6—945 1 

Kharia language T6—959 5 

Khasi language T6—959 3 

I Khiamniungan language T6—954 

Khmer language T6—959 32 

NKhmu’ language T6—959 3 

Khoi-Khoi language T6—961 

Khoi language T6—961 

Khoikhoi language T6—961 

Khoisan languages T6—961 

Khond language T6—948 24 

Khotanese language T6—915 3 

Khowar language T6—914 99 

____

Kiangsi dialects T6—951 7 

Kickapoo language T6—973 12 

NKiga (Chiga) language T6—963 956 

Kikongo languages T6—963 931 

Kikuyu-Kamba languages T6—963 953 

Kikuyu language T6—963 954 

NKilivila language T6—995 

NKiliwa language T6—975 72 

Kimbala languages T6—963 93 

Kimbundu language T6—963 932 

Kinga language T6—963 91 

Kinyarwanda language T6—963 946 1 

Kiowa Apache language T6—972 5 

Kiowa language T6—974 92 

Kiowa Tanoan languages T6—974 9 

I Kiput language T6—992 25 

Kiranti languages T6—954 9 

Kirantish languages T6—954 9 

Kirghiz language T6—943 47 

NKiribati language T6—995 2 

NKiriwinian language T6—995 

Kirundi language T6—963 946 5 

Kissi language T6—963 2 

Kiswahili language T6—963 92 

I Kitava language T6—995 

Kituba language T6—963 931 

Kiyaka languages T6—963 93 

NKlamath language T6—974 122 

Klamath-Modoc language T6—974 122 

Klingon (Artificial 


I Koaia language T6—983 5 

I Koalib language T6—963 

Koasati language T6—973 8 

Kohistani language T6—914 99 

NKoho language T6—959 3 

Koine (Greek language) T6—87 

I Kokoberra language T6—991 5 

I Koluawawa language T6—995 

Komi language T6—945 3 

Konde language T6—963 91 

Kongo language T6—963 931 

Konjo languages T6—963 94 

Konkani language T6—914 69 

I Konni language T6—963 5 

Kono language T6—963 4 

Konzo languages T6—963 94 

P Koongo language T6—963 931 

Kordofanian languages T6—963 

Korean language T6—957 

Kota language (Dravidian) T6—948 1 

Koyukon language T6—972 

Kpelle language T6—963 4 

I Krimchak language T6—943 88 


47 

Krio language T6—217 

I Krisa language T6—991 2 

Kru languages T6—963 3 

Kuba languages T6—963 96 

Kuchean language T6—919 94 

Kui language (Dravidian) T6—948 24 

Kuki-Chin languages T6—954 

Kuki-Chin-Naga languages T6—954 

Kuna language (Panama) T6—978 3 

NKunimaipa language T6—991 2 

Kurdi language T6—915 97 

Kurdish language T6—915 97 

Kuria languages T6—963 95 

Kurmanji language T6—915 97 

Kurukh language T6—948 3 

P Kurux language T6—948 3 

I Kusu language T6—963 96 

Kutenai language T6—979 92 

I Kuurn kopan noot language T6—991 5 

Kwa languages T6—963 37 

Kwakiutl language T6—979 53 

I Kwamera language T6—995 

Kwangwa languages T6—963 99 

Kwese language T6—963 93 

Kwomtari-Baibai languages T6—991 2 

I Kxoe language T6—961 

I Kyirong dialect T6—954 

Kyrgyz language T6—943 47 

L 

Laadi language T6—963 931 

I Labo language T6—995 

Lacandón language T6—974 27 

Ladin language T6—599 4 

Ladino language T6—67 

Lahnda language T6—914 19 

Lak-Dargwa languages T6—999 64 

Lak language T6—999 64 

I Lakona language T6—995 

Lakota language T6—975 244 

I Lamalama language T6—991 5 

Lamba language T6—963 91 

I Lambau dialect T6—991 2 

I Lamma language T6—991 2 

Lampung language T6—992 248 

Lamut language T6—941 

NLand Dayak language T6—992 25 

Landsm(l language T6—398 2 

Langi language T6—963 94 

Languages T6—1–9 

see also Language 


Langue d’oc T6—491 

____

Languedocien dialect 


Lanuvian language T6—794 

Lao language T6—959 191 

Lapp language T6—945 5 

Lappish language T6—945 5 

I Larrakia language T6—991 5 

I Larrakiyan languages T6—991 5 

Latin American Spanish 

dialects T6—61 

Latin language T6—71 

Latinian languages T6—794 

Latvian language T6—919 3 

I Lavukaleve language T6—991 2 

Laz language T6—999 68 

Left May languages T6—991 2 

Lega-Kalanga languages T6—963 94 

NLenape language T6—973 45 

Lenca language T6—979 

Lenje-Tonga languages T6—963 91 

Lenni Lenape language T6—973 45 

Lepcha language T6—954 

Lettish language T6—919 3 

Lëtzeburgesch dialect T6—32 

Lezghi language T6—999 64 

Lezghian language T6—999 64 

NLezghian languages T6—999 64 

Lhomi language T6—954 

Ligurian language T6—919 93 

Limbu language T6—954 9 

NLimousin dialect 


Linear A T6—926 


Linear B T6—87 

Lingala language T6—963 968 6 

Lithuanian language T6—919 2 

Livonian language T6—945 4 

I Lobedu dialect T6—963 977 1 

Lobi language T6—963 5 

Local Malay languages T6—992 2 

Logooli language T6—963 95 

I Lojban (Artificial 


I Lokele language T6—963 96 

Lolo languages T6—954 

NLolo-Burmese languages T6—954 

Loloish languages T6—954 

I Lomwe language (Malawi) T6—963 91 

I Lomwe language 

(Mozambique) T6—963 97 

I Loniu language T6—995 

Losengo language T6—963 968 6 

Louisiana French Creole T6—417 


48 

Low German language T6—394 

Low Germanic languages T6—39 

Lower Mamberamo languages 

T6—991 

Lozi language T6—963 99 

Luba languages T6—963 93 

Lucazi language T6—963 99 

Luchazi language T6—963 99 

Luganda language T6—963 957 

Lugbara language T6—965 

Luhya language T6—963 95 

LuiseÔo language T6—974 5 

Lule-Vilela languages T6—987 

Lumbee language T6—973 

Lunda languages T6—963 93 

Lundu-Balong languages T6—963 96 

P Lungu language T6—963 94 

Luo language (Africa) T6—965 

Luorawetlin languages T6—946 

Lusatian language T6—918 8 

Lusengo language T6—963 968 6 

Luwian language T6—919 98 

Luxembourgeois dialect T6—32 

Luxembourgian dialect T6—32 

I Luxembourgish language T6—32 

Luyana languages T6—963 99 

Luyia language T6—963 95 

Lwo languages (Africa) T6—965 

Lycian language T6—919 98 

Lydian language T6—919 98 

M 

Maasai language T6—965 

NMacassarese language T6—992 264 

Macedonian language T6—918 19 

NMacro-Algonkian languages T6—973 

Macro-Gê languages T6—984 

NMacro-Sudanic languages T6—965 

Macrosudanic languages T6—965 

Madura language T6—992 234 

Madurese language T6—992 234 

Magahi language T6—914 54 

Magari language T6—954 9 

Magyar language T6—945 11 

Mahakiranti languages T6—954 9 

NMahl language T6—914 89 

Mahri language T6—929 

Maidu language T6—974 1 

Maipuran languages T6—983 9 

Maithili language T6—914 54 

Majingai dialect T6—965 

NMaka-Njem languages T6—963 96 

Makaa-Njem languages T6—963 96 

____

Makah language T6—979 54 

Makasar language T6—992 264 

NMakassarese language T6—992 264 

Makonde language T6—963 97 

Maku languages T6—989 

Makua languages T6—963 97 

Malagasy language T6—993 

Malay language T6—992 8 

Malay languages T6—992 2 

Malay-Polynesian 


Malayalam language T6—948 12 

Malayan languages T6—992 2 

Malayic languages T6—992 2 




languages of Sumatra T6—992 24 

Maldivian language T6—914 89 

NMalecite language T6—973 4 

Malecite-Passamaquoddy 


I Malfaxal language T6—995 

I Malgwa dialect T6—937 

Malinke language T6—963 45 

NMaliseet language T6—973 4 

Maltese language T6—927 9 

Malto language T6—948 3 

Mam language T6—974 2 

P Mambwe language T6—963 94 

NMame language T6—974 2 

Manchu languages T6—941 

Manda languages T6—963 91 

Mandan language T6—975 22 

Mandarin Chinese language T6—951 1 

I Mandarin dialects T6—951 1 

Mande languages T6—963 4 

Mandekan languages T6—963 45 

P Manding languages T6—963 45 

P Manding-Mokole languages T6—963 45 

Mandingo languages T6—963 45 

Mandinka languages T6—963 45 

I Mang language T6—959 3 

Mangbetu language T6—965 

NMangue language T6—976 

NManipuri language T6—954 

Mansi language T6—945 1 

I Mantang dialect T6—992 2 

NManx Gaelic language T6—916 4 

Manx language T6—916 4 

Maori language T6—994 42 

Mapuche language T6—987 2 

NMapudungu language T6—987 2 

Mapudungun language T6—987 2 


49 

NMapura language T6—983 9 

Marakwet language T6—965 

Marathi language T6—914 61 

Mari language T6—945 6 

I Mari languages 

(Australia) T6—991 5 

Maricopa language T6—975 72 

I Marngu languages T6—991 5 

Marquesan language T6—994 2 

Marquesic languages T6—994 2 

Marrucinian language T6—797 

Marshallese language T6—995 2 

Marsian language T6—797 

Marwari language T6—914 79 

NMasaba language T6—963 95 

NMasaba-Luhya languages T6—963 95 

Masaba-Luyia languages T6—963 95 

Masai language T6—965 

Mascoian languages T6—989 

Massachuset language T6—973 48 

Mataco-Guaicuru languages T6—987 

NMataco languages T6—987 

NMatagalpa language T6—978 8 

Matumbi languages T6—963 97 

I Mauritian Sign Language T6—999 869 82 

E T6—999 869 82 

I Mawchi language T6—914 7 

Maya language T6—974 27 

Mayan languages T6—974 2 

I Mªzandarani language T6—915 9 

NMazateco language T6—976 

Mbai language (Moissala) T6—965 

NMbala language 

(Bandundu, Congo) T6—963 93 

P Mbam languages T6—963 96 

Mbere languages T6—963 96 

Mbete languages T6—963 96 

NMbochi language T6—963 96 

Mbole-Ena languages T6—963 94 

Mboshi languages T6—963 96 

Mbosi language T6—963 96 

I Mbugu language T6—935 

I Mbugwe language T6—963 94 

Mbukushu language T6—963 99 

Mbum language T6—963 61 

Mbundu language 

(Benguela Province, 

Angola) T6—963 99 

Mbundu language (Luanda 

Province, Angola) T6—963 932 

NMbyá language T6—983 82 

Melanesian languages T6—995 

Melayu Asli languages T6—992 8 

Mende-Bandi languages T6—963 48 

____

Mende language T6—963 48 

NMenominee language T6—973 13 

Menomini language T6—973 13 

I Merei language T6—995 

Mescalero-Chiricahua 

Apache language T6—972 56 

NMescalero language T6—972 56 

Meso-American native 


Mesquakie language T6—973 14 

Messapian language T6—919 93 

I Mexican Sign Language T6—999 872 

E T6—999 872 

Miami language (Algic) T6—973 15 

Miao language T6—959 72 

Miao-Yao languages T6—959 7 

P Michif language T6—973 23 

Micmac language T6—973 43 

Micronesian languages T6—995 2 

Middle American native 


Middle English language T6—219 

Middle French language T6—41 

Middle High German 


Middle Indic languages T6—913 

P Middle Indo-Aryan 


Middle Iranian languages T6—915 3 

Middle Italian language T6—51 

Middle Persian language T6—915 3 

Middle Portuguese 


Middle Russian language T6—917 1 

Middle Spanish language T6—61 

Middle Volga languages T6—945 6 

Mikasuki language T6—973 8 

I Mina language (Cameroon) T6—937 

Minangkabau language T6—992 244 

Minoan Linear A T6—926 


Minoan Linear B T6—87 

NMirish languages T6—954 

Mískito language T6—978 82 

Missouri Valley Siouan 


Misumalpan languages T6—978 8 

Miwok language T6—974 133 

NMixe language T6—974 3 

Mixe-Zoque languages T6—974 3 

NMixe-Zoquean languages T6—974 3 

Mixtec language T6—976 3 

Mixtecan languages T6—976 3 

I Mkaa’ dialect T6—963 96 


50 

NMnong languages T6—959 3 

Moabite language T6—926 

Moba language T6—963 5 

I Mocoví language T6—987 

Modern Greek language T6—89 

Modern Indic languages T6—914 

NModern Indo-Aryan 


Modern Prakrit languages T6—914 

Modoc language T6—974 122 

NMoguex language T6—982 

Mohave language T6—975 722 

Mohawk language T6—975 542 

NMohegan language T6—973 44 

Mohegan-Montauk-Narragansett 


I Moklen language T6—992 

P Mokole languages T6—963 45 

Moldavian language T6—591 

Mon-Khmer languages T6—959 3 

Mon language T6—959 3 

P Monastic sign languages T6—999 8 

Mong language T6—959 72 

Mongo languages T6—963 96 

NMongo-Nkundu language T6—963 96 

Mongolian language T6—942 3 

Mongolian languages T6—942 

Mono language T6—974 57 

I Mono language (Congo) T6—963 61 

Montagnais language T6—973 2 

Montauk language T6—973 44 

Mooré language T6—963 5 

Mopán language T6—974 27 

NMopán Maya language T6—974 27 

Moravian dialects T6—918 6 

Mordvin language T6—945 6 

Moré language T6—963 5 

Mosetenan languages T6—989 

Mosquito language T6—978 82 

Mossi languages T6—963 5 

NMotilon language T6—982 

I Motlav language T6—995 

NMotu language T6—995 

Mpongwe language T6—963 96 

I Mpur language (Indonesia) T6—991 2 

I Mudburra language T6—991 5 

I Muduapa language T6—995 

Munda languages T6—959 5 

Mundari language T6—959 5 

NMundurucu language T6—983 8 

NMunduruku language T6—983 8 

Munsee language T6—973 45 

Muong language T6—959 2 

Mura languages T6—989 

____

Murui language T6—989 

NMuskhogean languages T6—973 8 

Muskogean languages T6—973 8 

Muskogee language T6—973 85 

Mycenaean Greek language T6—87 

Mycenaean Linear B T6—87 

Myene language T6—963 96 

N 

Na-Dene languages T6—972 

NNaasioi language T6—991 2 

Naga languages T6—954 

Nahuatl language T6—974 52 

Nakh languages T6—999 641 

Nakho-Daghestan languages T6—999 64 

Nama language T6—961 

NNambicuara language T6—984 

NNambikuara language T6—984 

Nambiquaran languages T6—984 

Nanai language T6—941 

Nande languages T6—963 94 

Nandi language (Bantu) T6—963 94 

Nandi languages (Nilotic) T6—965 

I Nanti language T6—983 9 

Narragansett language T6—973 44 

NNasioi language T6—991 2 

Naskapi language T6—973 2 

NNatchez language T6—979 

Native American languages T6—97 


I Naukan Yupik language T6—971 4 

NNauru language T6—995 2 

NNauruan language T6—995 2 

NNavaho language T6—972 6 

Navajo language T6—972 6 

Naxi language T6—954 

Ndebele language (South 

Africa) T6—963 989 

Ndebele language 

(Zimbabwe) T6—963 98 

NNdembo language T6—963 93 

I Ndjebbana language T6—991 5 

Ndonga languages T6—963 99 

I Ndunga language T6—963 61 

NNeengatú language T6—983 832 

Nenets language T6—944 

Nepali language T6—914 95 

Netherlandish languages T6—393 

New Norse language T6—398 2 

NNew Norwegian language T6—398 2 

New Testament Greek 



51 

I New Zealand Sign Language 

T6—999 893 

E T6—999 893 

Newari language T6—954 9 

Nez Percé language T6—974 124 

Ngaanyatjara language T6—991 5 

Ngala language T6—963 968 6 

I Ngaliwuru language T6—991 5 

Ngambai dialect T6—965 

I Ngamo language T6—937 

Nganasan language T6—944 

Ngando languages T6—963 96 

I Ngarinyman language T6—991 5 

I Ngarla language T6—991 5 

I Ngemba language 

(Cameroon) T6—963 6 

NNgere language (Kru) T6—963 3 

Ngo language T6—963 6 

Ngombe languages T6—963 96 

Ngonde language T6—963 91 

Ngondi languages T6—963 96 

NNgoni language (Manda) T6—963 91 

I Ngoni language (Tanzania 

and Mozambique) T6—963 91 

NNgoni language (Zulu) T6—963 986 

I Ngumbin languages T6—991 5 

Ngundi languages T6—963 96 

Nguni languages T6—963 98 

NNheengatu language T6—983 832 

Nhengatu language T6—983 832 

Nielim language T6—963 61 

Niger-Congo languages T6—963 

Niger-Kordofanian 


E Nigerian Sign Language T6—999 866 9 

NNii language T6—991 2 

Nika language T6—963 95 

Nilo-Saharan languages T6—965 

Nilotic-Kavirondo 


Nilotic languages T6—965 

P Niue language T6—994 84 

P Niuean language T6—994 84 

Nivkh language T6—946 

I NizhneinâvenskiÑ dialect T6—945 3 

Njabi languages T6—963 96 

Njebi languages T6—963 96 

Njem language T6—963 96 

Nkoya languages T6—963 93 

Nkundo language T6—963 96 

Nkundu language T6—963 96 

Nogai language T6—943 4 

Non-Austronesian 

languages of Oceania T6—991 

____

NNonaustronesian 

languages of Oceania T6—991 

Nootka language T6—979 55 

Nordic languages T6—395 

North American native 


North American native 

peoples 

E sign languages T6—999 8 

North Caucasian languages T6—999 6 

North central Caucasian 


North Dravidian languages T6—948 3 

North Germanic languages T6—395 

Northeast Caucasian 


Northeast Turkic 


Northern Bantu languages T6—963 94 

Northern Min dialects T6—951 7 

I T6—951 7 

Northern Paiute language T6—974 577 

I Northern Paman languages T6—991 5 

I Northern Sami dialect T6—945 5 

Northern Sotho language T6—963 977 1 

Northern Tiwa language T6—974 96 

Northern Turkic languages T6—943 3 

Northwest Caucasian 


Northwest 



Northwest Semitic 


Northwest Turkic 


Northwestern Bantu 


Norwegian language T6—398 2 

I Norwegian Sign Language T6—999 848 1 

E T6—999 848 1 

Nostratic hypothesis T6—1 

Ntcham language T6—963 5 

Ntomba language T6—963 968 

NNtumba language T6—963 968 

Nubian languages T6—965 

Nuer language T6—965 

Nukuoro language T6—994 6 

Numic languages T6—974 57 

Nunggubuyu language T6—991 5 

Nupe language T6—963 3 

Nupoid languages T6—963 3 

Nuristani languages T6—914 9 

NNyakyusa-Konde language T6—963 91 


52 

E Nyakyusa language T6—963 91 

Nyakyusa-Ngonde language T6—963 91 

Nyamwezi language T6—963 94 

Nyanga language T6—963 94 

Nyanja language T6—963 918 

Nyankore language T6—963 956 

NNyiha language 

(Nyika-Safwa) T6—963 91 

Nyika (Nika) language T6—963 95 

NNyika language 

(Nyika-Safwa) T6—963 91 

Nyika-Safwa languages T6—963 91 

Nyika-Taita languages T6—963 95 

I Nyikina language T6—991 5 

Nyilamba-Langi languages T6—963 94 

Nynorsk language T6—398 2 

Nyoro-Ganda languages T6—963 956 

Nyungar dialects T6—991 5 

Nzima language T6—963 38 

O 

Ob-Ugric languages T6—945 1 

Occitan language T6—491 

Oceanic languages T6—995 

NOdawa language T6—973 36 

I Ogba language T6—963 3 

I Ogbronuagum language T6—963 64 

Oirat-Kalmyk language T6—942 

Ojibwa language T6—973 33 

Ojibwa languages T6—973 3 

NOjibway language T6—973 33 

NOkanagan language T6—979 43 

Oko languages T6—963 3 

Okpe language T6—963 3 

Old Bulgarian language T6—918 17 

Old Church Slavic 


Old English language T6—29 

Old French language T6—41 

Old Frisian language T6—392 

Old High German language T6—31 

Old Icelandic language T6—396 1 

Old Indic language T6—912 9 

Old Italian language T6—51 

Old Latin language T6—71 

Old Low Franconian 


Old Low German language T6—394 

Old Low Germanic 


Old Norse language T6—396 1 

Old Persian language T6—915 1 

Old Portuguese language T6—69 

____

Old Prussian language T6—919 1 

Old Russian language T6—917 1 

Old Saxon language T6—394 

Old Spanish language T6—61 

Old Turkic language T6—943 1 

Omaha language T6—975 253 

Omotic languages T6—935 9 

Oneida language T6—975 543 

Onondaga language T6—975 54 

O’odham language T6—974 552 

Oraon language T6—948 3 

Oriental languages T6—9 

Oriya language T6—914 56 

Oromo language T6—935 5 

Osage language T6—975 254 

Oscan language T6—799 

Osco-Umbrian languages T6—799 

Osetin language T6—915 9 

Osmanli language T6—943 5 

Ossete language T6—915 9 

E Ossetian language T6—915 9 

Ossetic language T6—915 9 

Ostyak language T6—945 1 

Ostyak Samoyed language T6—944 

Oto language (Siouan) T6—975 2 

Oto-Manguean languages T6—976 

NOtomanguean languages T6—976 

Otomí language T6—976 

Ottawa language T6—973 36 

Ottoman Turkish language T6—943 5 

NOyampi language T6—983 8 

I Oykangand language T6—991 5 

Paelignian language T6—797 

Paez language T6—982 

P Pahari languages T6—914 96 

Pahlavi language T6—915 3 

NPaipai language T6—975 72 

Paiute language T6—974 576 9 

NPaiwan language T6—992 

Palaic language T6—919 98 

Palauan language T6—995 2 

Paleosiberian languages T6—946 

Pali language T6—913 7 

Pama-Maric languages T6—991 5 

Pama-Nyungan languages T6—991 5 

I T6—991 5 

I Paman languages T6—991 5 

Pamir languages T6—915 9 

Panjabi language T6—914 2 

Panoan languages T6—984 

NPapago language T6—974 552 

P 


53 

Papiamento dialect T6—68 

Papuan languages T6—991 2 

Parsi language (Pahlavi) T6—915 3 

Pashto language T6—915 93 

Passamaquoddy language T6—973 4 

Pawnee language T6—979 33 

I Pazeh language T6—992 

Peba-Yaguan languages T6—989 

Pedi language T6—963 977 1 

I Pelende language T6—963 93 

Pemón language T6—984 2 

Pend d’Oreille language T6—979 435 

Pende languages T6—963 93 

I Penesak language T6—992 24 

Pennsylvania Dutch 

dialect T6—38 

Pennsylvania German 


Penutian languages T6—974 1 

Pequot dialect T6—973 44 

Permian languages T6—945 3 

Permic languages T6—945 3 

Persian language T6—915 5 

Philippine languages T6—992 1 

I Philippine Sign Language T6—999 859 9 

E T6—999 859 9 

Phoenician language T6—926 

NPhoka language T6—963 91 

Phrygian language T6—919 93 

Pidgin English T6—217 

Pigeon English T6—217 

Pilipino language T6—992 11 

NPima Bajo language T6—974 55 

Pima language T6—974 552 9 

Pintupi dialect T6—991 5 

NPipil language T6—974 52 

NPisaca languages T6—914 99 

Pisacha languages T6—914 99 

NPitjantjatjara language T6—991 5 

I Pitta Pitta language T6—991 5 

Plains Algonquian 


Plateau Penutian 


Plattdeutsch T6—394 

Pogolo languages T6—963 91 

Pogoro languages T6—963 91 

NPohnpeian language T6—995 2 

NPoka language T6—963 91 

NPokomchí language T6—974 2 

I Pokomo language T6—963 91 

NPokonchi language T6—974 2 

Polabian language T6—918 9 

Polish language T6—918 51 

____

Polynesian languages T6—994 

Pomo languages T6—975 74 

Ponape language T6—995 2 

NPonapean language T6—995 2 

Ponca language T6—975 253 9 

NPopoloca language T6—976 

Portuguese language T6—69 

I Portuguese Sign Language T6—999 846 9 

E T6—999 846 9 

Postclassical Greek 


Postclassical Latin 


Potawatomi language T6—973 16 

Powhatan language T6—973 47 

Praenestian language T6—794 

Prakrit languages T6—913 

Preclassical Greek 


Preclassical Latin 


Proto-Malay languages T6—992 8 

Proto-Nordic language T6—395 

I Proto-Berber language T6—933 

I Proto-Katuic language T6—959 3 

I Proto-Tibeto-Burman 


Provençal dialect 


Provençal language T6—491 

Prussian language, Old T6—919 1 

I Puinave language T6—989 

Punic language T6—926 

Punjabi language T6—914 2 

Punu language T6—963 96 

Purépecha language T6—979 6 

Pushto language T6—915 93 

Putonghua (Standard 

Chinese language) T6—951 1 

Q 

NQuapaw language T6—975 25 

I Quebec Sign Language T6—999 871 4 

P T6—999 871 4 

Quechan language T6—975 72 

Quechua language T6—983 23 

Quechuan languages T6—983 23 

Quiché language T6—974 23 

Quichean languages T6—974 2 

Quichean-Mamean languages T6—974 2 

NQuileute language T6—979 


54 

R 

I Rªbhªmija dialect T6—914 51 

Rade language T6—992 2 

Raeto-Romance languages T6—599 

NRagoli-Kuria languages T6—963 95 

I Raja Ampat languages T6—995 

Rajasthani language T6—914 79 

Ramu languages T6—991 2 

I Rangi language T6—963 94 

Rapanui language T6—994 

Rarotongan language T6—994 4 

I Rembarrnga language T6—991 5 

NRengao language T6—959 3 

Rennellese language T6—994 6 

Rhaetian languages T6—599 

Rhaeto-Romanic languages T6—599 

Rheto-Romance languages T6—599 

Rif language T6—933 

NRiff languages T6—933 

Riksm(l language T6—398 2 

Rolong dialect T6—963 977 5 

Romance languages T6—4 

Romani language T6—914 97 

Romanian language T6—591 

Romansch language T6—599 6 

Romansh language T6—599 6 

Romany language T6—914 97 

Ronga language T6—963 978 

Ruanda language T6—963 946 1 

Ruanda-Rundi languages T6—963 946 

Rundi language T6—963 946 5 

I Ruri language T6—963 95 

Russian language T6—917 1 

Rwanda language T6—963 946 1 

Rwanda-Rundi languages T6—963 946 

NSaam language T6—945 5 

Saami language T6—945 5 

Sabellian languages T6—797 

Sabine language T6—797 

Sac language T6—973 149 

Safwa language T6—963 91 

Saharan languages T6—965 

Saka language T6—915 3 

Salampasu-Ndembo 


Salar language T6—943 6 

I Saliba language (Papua 

New Guinea) T6—995 

Salish language T6—979 435 

S 

____

Salishan languages T6—979 4 

NSaliva language T6—989 

Salivan languages T6—989 

Samaritan Aramaic 


I Samaritan Hebrew language T6—926 

Samaritan language T6—922 9 

NSambali language T6—992 1 

Sambalic languages T6—992 1 

Same language T6—945 5 

Sami language T6—945 5 

Samoan language T6—994 62 

Samoic Outlier languages T6—994 6 

Samoyedic languages T6—944 

San Blas Cuna language T6—978 3 

San Blas Kuna language T6—978 3 

San languages T6—961 

Sanaga languages T6—963 96 

Sango language T6—963 616 

Sanskrit language T6—912 

Santali language T6—959 5 

Sara Gambai dialect T6—965 

NSara Ngambai dialect T6—965 

Sardinian language T6—599 82 

Sauk language T6—973 149 

P Sauria Paharia language T6—948 3 

Scandinavian languages T6—395 

Scots language (English 

dialect) T6—21 

Scottish English dialect T6—21 

Scottish Gaelic language T6—916 3 

Scythian languages T6—915 3 

NSea Dayak language T6—992 25 

Sea Islands Creole T6—217 

Sedang language T6—959 3 

I Seimat language T6—995 

NSelepet language T6—991 2 

Selkup language T6—944 

Semang languages T6—959 3 

I Semelai language T6—959 3 

N T6—959 3 

Seminole language T6—973 859 

Semitic languages T6—92 

Sena language T6—963 91 

Senari language T6—963 5 

Seneca language T6—975 546 

Senegal languages T6—963 21 

P Senegambian languages T6—963 21 

NSenga language T6—963 91 

Senga-Sena languages T6—963 91 

Senoic languages T6—959 3 

Senufo language T6—963 5 

I Senya dialect T6—963 38 

Sepik-Ramu languages T6—991 2 


55 

Serbian language T6—918 2 

Serbo-Croatian language T6—918 2 

Serer language T6—963 21 

P Serer-Sine language T6—963 21 

NSeri language T6—975 7 

Servian language T6—918 2 

Sesotho language T6—963 977 2 

Shaka language T6—963 95 

Shambala languages T6—963 91 

Shan language T6—959 19 

Shawnee language T6—973 17 

Shi language T6—963 94 

Shilha language T6—933 

Shilluk language T6—965 

Shina language T6—914 99 

Shira-Punu languages T6—963 96 

I Shompen language T6—959 3 

Shona language T6—963 975 

NShona languages T6—963 975 

NShor language T6—943 3 

Shoshoni language T6—974 574 

Shuar language T6—983 72 

NShuara language T6—983 72 

Shuswap language T6—979 43 

Siamese language T6—959 11 

NSiane language T6—991 2 

P Siberian Yupik languages T6—971 4 

Sicilian dialect T6—51 

NSidama languages T6—935 

Sidamo languages T6—935 

NSierra Popoluca language T6—974 3 

P Sign languages T6—999 8 

Siksika language T6—973 52 

I Sindarin (Artificial 


Sindhi language T6—914 11 

Sinhala language T6—914 8 

Sinhalese language T6—914 8 

Sinhalese-Maldivian 


Sino-Tibetan languages T6—95 

Siouan languages T6—975 2 

NSioux language T6—975 2 

I Sipacapense language T6—974 2 

Sira languages T6—963 96 

NSiriano language T6—983 5 

NSirionó language T6—983 82 

SiSwati language T6—963 987 

Siwa language T6—933 

Siwi language T6—933 

Skitswish language T6—979 43 

NSko languages T6—991 2 

I Skou language T6—991 2 

Slavic languages T6—918 

____

Slavonic languages T6—918 

Slovak language T6—918 7 

Slovene language T6—918 4 

Slovenian language T6—918 4 

Sogdian language T6—915 3 

NSoko-Kele languages T6—963 96 

Sokotri language T6—929 

I Solresol (Artificial 


Somali language T6—935 4 

Songe languages T6—963 93 

Songhai language T6—965 

Songye languages T6—963 93 

NSoninke language T6—963 4 

Sonoran languages T6—974 54 

Sorbian language T6—918 8 

Sotho languages T6—963 977 

Sotho-Tswana languages T6—963 977 

I South African Sign 


E T6—999 868 

South American native 


South Arabian languages T6—929 

South Asian languages T6—911 

South Caucasian languages T6—999 68 

South Dravidian languages T6—948 1 

South Halmahera-West New 

Guinea languages T6—995 

South Mbundu languages T6—963 99 

South Semitic languages T6—928 

South Slavic languages T6—918 1 

I South-West languages 

(Australia) T6—991 5 

Southeast Asian languages T6—95 

Southern Bantu languages T6—963 97 

I Southern Min dialects T6—951 7 

T6—951 7 

Southern Paiute language T6—974 576 9 

Southern Sotho language T6—963 977 2 

Southern Tiwa language T6—974 97 

Southern Turkic languages T6—943 6 

I Southern Tutchone 


Southwest Turkic 


Spanish language T6—61 

I Spanish Sign Language T6—999 846 

E T6—999 846 

Spokane language T6—979 43 

Sranan language T6—217 

Sranan Tongo T6—217 

Sranantonga T6—217 

Srê language T6—959 3 


56 

NStalo language T6—979 4 

Standard Malay language T6—992 8 

NStockbridge language T6—973 449 

Subia languages T6—963 99 

NSubiya languages T6—963 99 

Subtiaba-Tlapanec 


Sudanic languages 

(Chari-Nile) T6—965 

Suku language T6—963 93 

Sukuma-Nyamwezi languages 

T6—963 94 

Sulawesi languages T6—992 26 

Sumerian language T6—999 5 

NSumo language T6—978 8 

NSumu language T6—978 8 

Sunda language T6—992 232 

Sundanese language T6—992 232 

Sunwar language T6—954 9 

Suomi language T6—945 41 

Susu language T6—963 4 

Svan language T6—999 68 

Swabian dialect T6—33 

Swahili language T6—963 92 

Swati language T6—963 987 

Swazi language T6—963 987 

Swedish language T6—397 

I Swedish Sign Language T6—999 848 5 

E T6—999 848 5 

Swiss-German dialect T6—35 

I SygvinskiÑ dialect T6—945 1 

Syriac language T6—923 

T 

Tabasaran language T6—999 64 

I Tabwa language T6—963 915 

Tacanan languages T6—989 

Tadzhik language T6—915 7 

Tagalog language T6—992 11 

I Tagish language T6—995 

Tahitian language T6—994 44 

Tahitic languages T6—994 4 

Tai-Kadai languages T6—959 

Tai languages T6—959 1 

I Taimoro dialect T6—993 

Taino language T6—979 22 

Taita language T6—963 95 

NTaiwan dialects (Chinese 


NTaiwan languages T6—992 

I Taiwan Sign Language T6—999 851 249 

E T6—999 851 249 

Tajik language T6—915 7 

____

NTajiki language T6—915 7 

Taki-Taki T6—217 

I Talinga-Bwisi language T6—963 95 

Tamahaq language T6—933 8 

Tamang language T6—954 

Tamashek language T6—933 8 

Tamasheq language T6—933 8 

Tamazight language T6—933 3 

Tamil language T6—948 11 

I Tamu language T6—954 

I Tanacross language T6—972 

Tangkhul language T6—954 

Tano languages T6—963 38 

Tanoan languages T6—974 9 

Taos language T6—974 96 

Tarahumara language T6—974 546 

Tarahumaran languages T6—974 546 

Tarascan languages T6—979 6 

Tarasco language T6—979 6 

NTarfit language T6—933 

I Tariana language T6—983 9 

Tasmanian languages T6—991 59 

Tatar language T6—943 87 

Crimean T6—943 88 

I Tawahka dialect 

(Honduras) T6—978 8 

NTayal language T6—992 

Teke languages T6—963 96 

Telugu language T6—948 27 

Tem language T6—963 5 

Temne language T6—963 2 

Tenda language T6—963 2 

Tende-Yanzi languages T6—963 96 

Tepiman languages T6—974 55 

Tepo language T6—963 3 

NTerraba language T6—978 

Teso language T6—965 

Tetela languages T6—963 96 

Teton language T6—975 244 

Teutonic languages T6—3 

Tewa language T6—974 94 

Thai language T6—959 11 

I Thami language T6—954 

Thonga language T6—963 97 

Thracian language T6—919 93 

Thraco-Phrygian languages T6—919 93 

Tibetan language T6—954 1 

Tibeto-Burman languages T6—954 

Tigré language T6—928 2 

Tigrigna language T6—928 3 

Tigrinya language T6—928 3 

Tigua language T6—974 96 

Tikar language T6—963 6 

I Timugon language T6—992 25 


57 

NTinne languages T6—972 

I Tiriki dialect T6—963 95 

Tiv language T6—963 6 

Tivi language T6—963 6 

Tiwa language T6—974 96 

Tiwi language (Melville 

Island) T6—991 5 

NTlapanec language T6—979 

Tlingit language T6—972 7 

Toba Batak language T6—992 246 2 

Tobote language T6—963 5 

Tocharian language T6—919 94 

Tocharish language T6—919 94 

Toda language T6—948 1 

NTofa language T6—943 3 

Tohono O’odham language T6—974 552 

Tojiki language T6—915 7 

Tok Pisin T6—217 

Toka language T6—963 91 

Tokelau language T6—994 6 

Tokelauan dialect T6—994 6 

Tokharian language T6—919 94 

I Toltec language T6—974 52 

I Tondi Songway Kiini 


Tonga language 

(Inhambane) T6—963 97 

Tonga language (Nyasa) T6—963 91 

P Tonga language (Tonga 

Islands) T6—994 82 

Tonga language (Zambesi) T6—963 91 

P Tongan language T6—994 82 

Tongic languages T6—994 8 

Tongwe languages T6—963 94 

Toradja languages T6—992 26 

Toraja languages T6—992 26 

Toraja Sa’dan language T6—992 26 

Torricelli languages T6—991 2 

NTotonac language T6—979 

Totonacan languages T6—979 

NTotonaco language T6—979 

NTouareg language T6—933 8 

Trans-New Guinea 


NTruk language T6—995 2 

NTrukese language T6—995 2 

Tshivenda language T6—963 976 

Tsimshian language T6—974 128 

Tsimshian languages T6—974 12 

Tsogo languages T6—963 96 

Tsonga language T6—963 978 

NTsouic languages T6—992 

Tswa-Ronga languages T6—963 978 

Tswana language T6—963 977 5 

____

Tuareg language T6—933 8 

Tucano language T6—983 5 

Tucanoan languages T6—983 5 

NTucuna language T6—989 

I Tujia language T6—954 

NTukano language T6—983 5 

NTukanoan languages T6—983 5 

Tumbuka language T6—963 91 

Tungus languages T6—941 

Tungus-Manchu languages T6—941 

Tungusic languages T6—941 

Tupí language T6—983 832 

Tupí languages T6—983 8 

NTupí-Guaraní languages T6—983 8 

NTupian languages T6—983 8 

Tupinambá language T6—983 83 

Turco-Tataric languages T6—943 

Turfanish language T6—919 94 

Turkana language T6—965 

Turkic languages T6—943 

Turkish language T6—943 5 

Turkmen language T6—943 64 

Turko-Tatar languages T6—943 

Turkoman language T6—943 64 

Tuscarora language T6—975 5 

I Tutuba language T6—995 

Tuva-Altai languages T6—943 3 

Tuvalu language T6—994 6 

Tuvinian language T6—943 3 

Twi language (Ghana) T6—963 385 

Tzeltal language T6—974 28 

Tzotzil language T6—974 287 

NTzutuhil language T6—974 2 

Tzutujil language T6—974 2 

U 

Ubangian languages T6—963 61 

Ubykh language T6—999 62 

NUchean languages T6—979 

Udmurt language T6—945 3 

Ugaritic language T6—926 7 

Ugric languages T6—945 1 

Uighur language T6—943 23 

NUigur language T6—943 23 

Ukaan language T6—963 3 

Ukrainian language T6—917 91 

Umatilla language T6—974 12 

Umbrian language T6—799 

Umbundu languages T6—963 99 

I Umotina language T6—984 

Unami language T6—973 45 

I Uradhi languages T6—991 5 

Ural-Altaic languages T6—94 


58 

Uralic languages T6—945 

Urdu language T6—914 39 

Urhobo language T6—963 3 

Uru-Chipaya languages T6—989 

NUru language T6—989 

Ute language T6—974 576 

Uto-Aztecan languages T6—974 5 

Uyghur language T6—943 23 

Uzbek language T6—943 25 

V 

Vagala language T6—963 5 

Vai language T6—963 4 

Vandal language T6—399 

Vandalic language T6—399 

NVeddah language T6—914 8 

Vedic language T6—912 9 

Vegliote dialect T6—57 

Vei language T6—963 4 

Veinakh languages T6—999 641 

I Vela (Artificial 


Venda language T6—963 976 

Venetic language T6—794 

I Venezuelan Sign language T6—999 887 

E T6—999 887 

Veps language T6—945 4 

Vestinian language T6—797 

Viet-Muong languages T6—959 2 

Vietnamese language T6—959 22 

Vige language T6—963 5 

I Vilela language T6—987 2 

NVisayan language T6—992 1 

Vogul language T6—945 1 

Volga languages, Middle T6—945 6 

Volscian language T6—797 

Volta-Comoe languages T6—963 38 

Voltaic languages T6—963 5 

Votic language T6—945 4 

Votyak language T6—945 3 

Vulgar Latin language T6—71 

I Vute language T6—963 6 

W 

NWaica language T6—989 

I Waima’a language T6—992 

I Waka-Kabic languages T6—991 5 

Wakashan languages T6—979 5 

I Wakawaka language T6—991 5 

Walapai language T6—975 724 

Walbiri language T6—991 5 

NWalla Walla language T6—974 12 

____

NWalmatjari language T6—991 5 

Walpiri language T6—991 5 

I Wambule language T6—954 9 

Wampanoag language T6—973 48 

I Wanman language T6—991 5 

Warao language T6—989 

I Warapu language T6—991 2 

I Warembori language T6—991 

NWarrau language T6—989 

Washo language T6—975 76 

NWayampi language T6—983 8 

NWayãpi language T6—983 8 

NWayuu language T6—983 9 

Welsh language T6—916 6 

I Wemba Wemba language T6—991 5 

I Weme-Gbe language T6—963 37 

Wendish language T6—918 8 

West Atlantic languages 

(Africa) T6—963 2 

I West Bahnaric languages T6—959 3 

West Germanic languages T6—39 

West Iranian languages 

(Ancient) T6—915 1 

P West New Guinea languages T6—995 

NWest Papuan languages T6—991 2 

West Scandinavian 


West Semitic languages T6—92 

West Slavic languages T6—918 5 

Western Aramaic languages T6—922 9 

NWestern Canadian Inuit 


NWestern Canadian 

Inuktitut language T6—971 2 

Western desert language T6—991 5 

Western Hindi languages T6—914 3 

I Western Meohang language T6—954 9 

Western Panjabi language T6—914 19 

Western Turkic languages T6—943 8 

Wichita language T6—979 3 

NWik-Munkan language T6—991 5 

Winnebago language T6—975 26 

NWintun language T6—974 1 

I Wiradhuric languages T6—991 5 

NWiru language T6—991 2 

Witotoan languages T6—989 

NWiyot language T6—973 

NWobe language T6—963 3 

Wolof language T6—963 214 

Wororan languages T6—991 5 

Wu dialects T6—951 7 

I T6—951 7 

Wyandot language T6—975 55 


59 

X 

Xavante language T6—984 

Xhosa language T6—963 985 

Xiang dialects T6—951 7 

Xinca language T6—979 

Xosa language T6—963 985 

Y 

NYaghnobi language T6—915 9 

NYagnobi language T6—915 9 

Yagua language T6—989 

NYahuna language T6—983 5 

NYaka language (Congo and 

Angola) T6—963 93 

Yakama language T6—974 127 

NYakima language T6—974 127 

Yakut language T6—943 32 

P Yambasa languages T6—963 96 

I Yamphu language T6—954 9 

I Yana dialect (Burkina 

Faso and Togo) T6—963 5 

I Yandruwandha language T6—991 5 

Yanomam languages T6—989 2 

Yanomamo language T6—989 2 

Yanzi language T6—963 96 

Yao language 

(Southeastern Asia) T6—959 78 

Yao languages (Africa) T6—963 97 

Yapese language T6—995 2 

I Yaqay language T6—991 2 

Yaqui language T6—974 542 

Yaruro language T6—989 

I Yasa language T6—963 96 

Yaunde-Fang languages T6—963 96 

Yavapai language T6—975 724 

I Yaygir language T6—991 5 

Yenisei-Ostyak language T6—946 

Yenisei Samoyed language T6—944 

NYessan-Mayo languages T6—991 2 

Yeye language T6—963 99 

Yiddish language T6—391 

Yindjibarndi language T6—991 5 

I Yinhawangka language T6—991 5 

Yok-Utian languages T6—974 13 

Yokuts language T6—974 13 

I Yongkom language T6—991 2 

Yoruba language T6—963 33 

P Yoruboid languages T6—963 33 

Yucatec Maya language T6—974 27 

Yucatecan language T6—974 27 

Yuchi language T6—979 

____

Yue dialects T6—951 7 

Yüeh dialects T6—951 7 

Yui language T6—991 2 

Yuit language T6—971 4 

Yukaghir language T6—946 

Yuki language T6—975 

NYukian languages T6—975 

Yuma language T6—975 72 

Yuman languages T6—975 72 

Yupik languages T6—971 4 

I Yuqui language T6—983 8 

Yurak Samoyed language T6—944 

Yurok language T6—973 

Z 

Zamucoan languages T6—989 

Zande language T6—963 61 

Zaparoan languages T6—989 

Zapotec language T6—976 8 

Zapotecan languages T6—976 8 

Zaramo language T6—963 91 

Zarma language T6—965 

I Zaza language T6—915 9 

Zigula-Zaramo languages T6—963 91 

Zoque language T6—974 3 

Zulu language T6—963 986 

Zuni language T6—979 94 

Zyrian language T6—945 3 


60 

____

*‡Table 6. Languages - National Library of Australia

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