Tabanidae of Canada, east of the Rocky Mountains 1: a ...

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Introduction Horse flies and deer flies (family Tabanidae) are familiar to most Canadians, both for the persistence and painful bites of the blood-sucking females, and for the distinctive appearance of the large, often colorful adults. Horse flies and deer flies are much better known than most insects in Canada, in no small part because of the excellent account of all Canadian species in Teskey’s (1990) “The Horse Flies and Deer Flies of Canada and Alaska”. In the introduction to that volume, he describes it as “the first modern attempt to fulfill the requirements for identifying all the currently recognized species of Tabanidae of Canada and Alaska, and to plot collection records of these species, thus giving an indication of their distribution”. We feel it is time to re-address the “requirements for identifying … species of Tabanidae”, and not just because Teskey’s book is out of print and difficult to obtain. More importantly, Tabanidae lend themselves to identification using a range of colour and structural characters that were not practical to include in Teskey (1990) but that are ideal for treatment in a digital key copiously illustrated with colour photographs. We therefore here initiate a series of new guides to tabanid identification taking full advantage of newly available tools for the capture and dissemination of digital images. The present contribution is a key to the Canadian Chrysopsinae and Pangoniinae, east of the Rocky Mountains. A key to the eastern Canadian species of the third subfamily, the Tabaninae, will follow as a separate publication. These keys are to females only, since male Tabanidae are not commonly encountered. Males are keyed in Teskey (1990), however the key to males is considerably less reliable than the key to females. Distribution maps herein are based on the maps in Teskey (1990), with the addition of post-1990 records from the University of Guelph Insect Collection (Department of Environmental Biology; DEBU), from the senior authors’ personal collection (AWT), and from some post-1990 papers including Hurlburt et al. (2008) and Butt et al. (2008).
Table of Contents A. General 1 Introduction 2 Morphological characteristics of the family Tabanidae B. Key to subfamilies and genera of Pangoniinae and Chrysopsinae east of the Rocky Mountains. C. Checklist of Canadian Pangoniinae & Chrysopsinae species east of the Rocky Mountains 1 Subfamily Pangoniinae 2 Subfamily Chrysopsinae D. Generic diagnoses and keys to species (females only) 1 Key to Stonemyia females 2 Goniops 3 Merycomyia 3 Key to Chrysops females E. Taxonomic treatment of Chrysops species 1 Single species plates see Checklist 2 Comparison of abdominal patterns List of Plates 3 Comparison of face patterns List of Plates F. Distribution Maps G. Acknowledgements H. References I. Gallery of live images
Page 1: Tabanidae of Canada, east of the Ro
Page 5 and 6: Characteristics of the family Taban
Page 7 and 8: Characteristics of the family Taban
Page 9 and 10: Fig. 9. Antenna of Stonemyia tranqu
Page 11 and 12: Fig. 13. Wing of Stonemyia tranquil
Page 13 and 14: Key to the Stonemyia females of Can
Page 15 and 16: eturn to start of key to subfamilie
Page 17 and 18: Genus Chrysops Meigen Tabanids in t
Page 19 and 20: eturn to start of key to subfamilie
Page 21 and 22: Return to start of key Fig. 34 Fig.
Page 23 and 24: Return to start of key Fig. 42. C.
Page 33 and 34: Return to start of key . Fig. 67. C
Page 41 and 42: Return to start of key . . Fig. 88.
Page 47 and 48: Return to start of key Fig. 103 C.
Page 53 and 54:
Return to start of key . Fig. 123 F
Page 55 and 56:
Return to start of key . Fig. 127.
Page 57 and 58:
Return to start of key Fig. 133. C.
Page 59 and 60:
Chrysops niger Macquart Length 7-10
Page 61 and 62:
Chrysops mitis Osten Sacken Length
Page 63 and 64:
Chrysops carbonarius Walker Length
Page 65 and 66:
Chrysops excitans Walker Length 9-1
Page 67 and 68:
Chrysops dawsoni Philip Length 7-10
Page 69 and 70:
Chrysops fulvaster Osten Sacken Len
Page 71 and 72:
Chrysops nigripes Zetterstedt Lengt
Page 73 and 74:
Chrysops zinzalus Philip Length 7-9
Page 75 and 76:
Chrysops fuliginosus Wiedemann Leng
Page 77 and 78:
S. Marshall Chrysops moechus Osten
Page 79 and 80:
Chrysops striatus Osten Sacken Leng
Page 81 and 82:
Chrysops macquarti Philip Length 6-
Page 83 and 84:
Chrysops aberrans Philip Length 7-9
Page 85 and 86:
Chrysops sackeni Hine Length 8-11mm
Page 87 and 88:
Chrysops delicatulus Osten Sacken L
Page 89 and 90:
Chrysops callidus Osten Sacken Leng
Page 91 and 92:
Chrysops geminatus Wiedemann Length
Page 93 and 94:
Chrysops lateralis Wiedemann Length
Page 95 and 96:
Chrysops montanus Osten Sacken Leng
Page 97 and 98:
Chrysops celatus Pechuman Length 7-
Page 99 and 100:
1 2 3 4 5 6 Dark Chrysops spp. 1: s
Page 101 and 102:
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 Black & yellow Chryso
Page 103 and 104:
1 2 3 4 5 6 4-striped abdomen Chrys
Page 105 and 106:
1 2 3 5 6 7 8 Chrysops spp. faces.
Page 107 and 108:
1 2 4 5 6 Chrysops spp. faces. 1: l
Page 109 and 110:
1 3 5 Chrysops spp. faces. 1: stria
Page 111 and 112:
Map 2. Stonemyia tranquilla (red -
Page 113 and 114:
Map 4. Merycomyia whitneyi (red - f
Page 115 and 116:
Map 6. Chrysops niger (red - from T
Page 117 and 118:
Map 8. Chrysops mitis (red - from T
Page 119 and 120:
Map 10. Chrysops carbonarius (red -
Page 121 and 122:
Map 12. Chrysops excitans (red - fr
Page 123 and 124:
Map 14. Chrysops dawsoni (red - fro
Page 125 and 126:
Map 16. Chrysops fulvaster (red - f
Page 127 and 128:
Map 18. Chrysops nigripes (red - fr
Page 129 and 130:
Map 20. Chrysops zinzalus (red dots
Page 131 and 132:
Map 22. Chrysops fuliginosus, (red
Page 133 and 134:
Map 24. Chrysops moechus (red - fro
Page 135 and 136:
Map 26. Chrysops striatus (red - fr
Page 137 and 138:
Map 28. Chrysops macquarti (red - f
Page 139 and 140:
Map 30. Chrysops aberrans (red - fr
Page 141 and 142:
Map 32. Chrysops sackeni (red - fro
Page 143 and 144:
Map 34. Chrysops delicatulus (red -
Page 145 and 146:
Map 36. Chrysops callidus (red - fr
Page 147 and 148:
Map 38. Chrysops geminatus (red - f
Page 149 and 150:
Map 40. Chrysops lateralis (red - f
Page 151 and 152:
Map 42. Chrysops montanus (red - fr
Page 153 and 154:
LIST OF PLATES COMPARISON OF CHRYSO
Page 155 and 156:
Chrysops aberrans. Variations in fr
Page 157 and 158:
Chrysops celatus. Variations in int
Page 159 and 160:
Chrysops excitans. Variations in ex
Page 161 and 162:
Chrysops frigidus. Variations in ex
Page 163 and 164:
Chrysops indus. Variations in exten
Page 165 and 166:
Chrysops moechus. Variations in ext
Page 167 and 168:
Chrysops striatus. Scutellum varies
Page 169 and 170:
Chrysops vittatus. Abdominal tergit
Page 171 and 172:
Acknowledgements We are grateful to
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